MCQZ ON APPLIED PHYSICS FOR BS CS | BS IT BY ARFAN ALI

Section 1: Mechanics

1. What is the SI unit of force?

a) Joule
b) Newton ✅
c) Watt
d) Pascal
2. Newton’s First Law of Motion is also called:
a) Law of Inertia ✅
b) Law of Acceleration
c) Law of Action-Reaction
d) Law of Gravitation
3. The rate of change of velocity is called:
a) Speed
b) Acceleration ✅
c) Momentum
d) Displacement
4. Which of the following is a scalar quantity?
a) Force
b) Velocity
c) Mass ✅
d) Acceleration
5. The formula for kinetic energy is:
a) 12mv221mv2 ✅
b) mghmgh
c) F×dF×d
d) P×tP×t
 Section 2: Thermodynamics

6. The SI unit of temperature is:

a) Celsius
b) Fahrenheit
c) Kelvin ✅
d) Joule
7. The First Law of Thermodynamics is related to:
a) Entropy
b) Conservation of Energy ✅
c) Heat engines
d) Absolute zero
8. Heat transfer through a solid is called:
a) Conduction ✅
b) Convection
c) Radiation
d) Insulation
9. Absolute zero temperature is:
a) 0°C
b) -273.15°C ✅
c) 273 K
d) 100°F
10. Which law states that entropy always increases?
a) Zeroth Law
b) First Law
c) Second Law ✅
d) Third Law
 Section 3: Electricity & Magnetism

11. The SI unit of electric current is:

a) Volt
b) Ohm
c) Ampere ✅
d) Watt
12. Ohm’s Law states that:
a) V=IRV=IR ✅
b) P=IVP=IV
c) F=maF=ma
d) E=mc2E=mc2
13. A material that does not conduct electricity is called:
a) Conductor
b) Semiconductor
c) Insulator ✅
d) Superconductor
14. The force between two charges is given by:
a) Newton’s Law
b) Coulomb’s Law ✅
c) Faraday’s Law
d) Ohm’s Law
15. Magnetic field lines around a bar magnet:
a) Start from the North pole and end at the South pole ✅
b) Start from the South pole and end at the North pole
c) Are always circular
d) Do not exist
 Section 4: Waves & Optics

16. The speed of light in a vacuum is:

a) 3×106 m/s3×106m/s
b) 3×108 m/s3×108m/s ✅
c) 3×1010 cm/s3×1010cm/s
d) 300 km/s300km/s
17. Which wave does NOT require a medium to propagate?
a) Sound wave
b) Light wave ✅
c) Water wave
d) Seismic wave
18. The bending of light when it passes through a prism is called:
a) Reflection
b) Refraction ✅
c) Diffraction
d) Dispersion
19. The unit of frequency is:
a) Hertz (Hz) ✅
b) Decibel (dB)
c) Joule (J)
d) Newton (N)
20. Longitudinal waves have particle vibrations:
a) Perpendicular to wave direction
b) Parallel to wave direction ✅
c) Circular
d) Random
 Section 5: Modern Physics

21. The dual nature of light (wave-particle) was proposed by:

a) Einstein
b) de Broglie ✅
c) Bohr
d) Planck
22. The photoelectric effect demonstrates that light has:
a) Wave nature
b) Particle nature (photons) ✅
c) Both wave and particle nature
d) None
23. The principle behind nuclear reactors is:
a) Nuclear fission ✅
b) Nuclear fusion
c) Radioactive decay
d) Photoelectric effect
24. The uncertainty principle is associated with:
a) Heisenberg ✅
b) Schrödinger
c) Bohr
d) Einstein
25. The smallest unit of light energy is called a:
a) Electron
b) Photon ✅
c) Proton
d) Neutron
 Section 6: Fluid Mechanics

26. The SI unit of pressure is:

a) Newton
b) Pascal ✅
c) Joule
d) Watt
27. Bernoulli’s principle is related to:
a) Fluid dynamics ✅
b) Thermodynamics
c) Electromagnetism
d) Quantum mechanics
28. Archimedes’ Principle deals with:
a) Buoyant force ✅
b) Gravitational force
c) Frictional force
d) Centripetal force
29. Viscosity is a measure of a fluid’s:
a) Density
b) Resistance to flow ✅
c) Temperature
d) Pressure
30. Hydraulic machines work on:
a) Pascal’s Law ✅
b) Newton’s Law
c) Hooke’s Law
d) Boyle’s Law
 Section 7: Atomic & Nuclear Physics

31. The nucleus of an atom contains:

a) Protons and electrons
b) Protons and neutrons ✅
c) Neutrons and electrons
d) Only electrons
32. Isotopes of an element have the same number of:
a) Neutrons
b) Protons ✅
c) Electrons
d) Nucleons
33. Alpha particles are:
a) Electrons
b) Protons
c) Helium nuclei ✅
d) Photons
34. The half-life of a radioactive element is the time taken for:
a) Half the atoms to decay ✅
b) All atoms to decay
c) The nucleus to split
d) The atom to become stable
35. The process of combining light nuclei to form a heavier nucleus is called:
a) Fission
b) Fusion ✅
c) Decay
d) Ionization
 Section 8: Electronics & Semiconductors

36. A diode allows current to flow in:

a) Both directions
b) One direction only ✅
c) No direction
d) Alternating directions
37. A transistor is used for:
a) Amplification ✅
b) Storage
c) Insulation
d) Radiation
38. The majority charge carriers in an n-type semiconductor are:
a) Holes
b) Electrons ✅
c) Protons
d) Neutrons
39. Which logic gate gives an output of 1 only if all inputs are 1?
a) OR gate
b) AND gate ✅
c) NOT gate
d) XOR gate
40. The forbidden energy gap in a semiconductor is called:
a) Conduction band
b) Valence band
c) Band gap ✅
d) Fermi level
 Section 9: Measurements & Errors

41. The least count of a vernier caliper is:

a) 0.01 mm
b) 0.1 mm ✅
c) 1 mm
d) 10 mm
42. Systematic errors can be reduced by:
a) Taking more readings
b) Calibrating instruments ✅
c) Using statistical methods
d) Ignoring them
43. The dimensional formula for force is:
a) [MLT−2][MLT−2] ✅
b) [ML2T−2][ML2T−2]
c) [M2LT−2][M2LT−2]
d) [MLT−1][MLT−1]
44. A measurement that is close to the true value is called:
a) Precise
b) Accurate ✅
c) Random
d) Systematic
45. The error due to imperfect experimental technique is called:
a) Random error
b) Systematic error ✅
c) Gross error
d) Human error
 Section 10: Applied Physics (Miscellaneous)

46. The working principle of a transformer is based on:

a) Ohm’s Law
b) Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction ✅
c) Coulomb’s Law
d) Newton’s Law
47. Which material is used in LED (Light Emitting Diode)?
a) Silicon
b) Germanium
c) Gallium Arsenide ✅
d) Copper
48. The piezoelectric effect converts:
a) Light into electricity
b) Mechanical stress into electricity ✅
c) Heat into electricity
d) Sound into electricity
49. Superconductors have:
a) High resistance
b) Zero resistance ✅
c) Variable resistance
d) Infinite resistance
50. A laser beam is:
a) Divergent
b) Convergent
c) Highly coherent ✅
d) Random
 Answers Summary (1-50):

1-b, 2-a, 3-b, 4-c, 5-a, 6-c, 7-b, 8-a, 9-b, 10-c,
11-c, 12-a, 13-c, 14-b, 15-a, 16-b, 17-b, 18-b, 19-a, 20-b,
21-b, 22-b, 23-a, 24-a, 25-b, 26-b, 27-a, 28-a, 29-b, 30-a,
31-b, 32-b, 33-c, 34-a, 35-b, 36-b, 37-a, 38-b, 39-b, 40-c,
41-b, 42-b, 43-a, 44-b, 45-b, 46-b, 47-c, 48-b, 49-b, 50-c.

Section 11: Rotational Motion & Gravitation

51. The moment of inertia depends on:

a) Mass and its distribution ✅
b) Velocity
c) Temperature
d) Charge
52. Kepler’s Second Law states that:
a) Planets move in elliptical orbits
b) A planet sweeps equal areas in equal times ✅
c) T2∝R3T2∝R3
d) Gravitational force is universal
53. Angular momentum is conserved in the absence of:
a) Force
b) Torque ✅
c) Friction
d) Gravity
54. The value of acceleration due to gravity (g) on Earth’s surface is approximately:
a) 9.8 m/s29.8m/s2 ✅
b) 6.67×10−11 Nm2/kg26.67×10−11Nm2/kg2
 c) 3×108 m/s3×108m/s
d) 1 m/s21m/s2
55. Escape velocity from Earth is about:
a) 7.9 km/s7.9km/s
b) 11.2 km/s11.2km/s ✅
c) 3×108 m/s3×108m/s
d) 2.2 km/s2.2km/s

Section 12: Work, Energy & Power

56. Work done is zero when the angle between force and displacement is:
a) 0°0°
b) 90°90° ✅
c) 180°180°
d) 45°45°
57. 1 horsepower (hp) is equal to:
a) 550 W550W
b) 746 W746W ✅
c) 1000 W1000W
d) 250 W250W
58. The energy stored in a stretched spring is:
a) Kinetic energy
b) Potential energy ✅
c) Thermal energy
d) Electrical energy
59. Power is defined as:
a) Force × distance
b) Work/time ✅
 c) Mass × acceleration
d) Current × voltage
60. The principle of conservation of energy states that energy:
a) Can be destroyed
b) Cannot be created or destroyed ✅
c) Only converts to heat
d) Is always increasing

Section 13: Properties of Matter

61. Hooke’s Law states that stress is proportional to:

a) Strain ✅
b) Volume
c) Density
d) Temperature
62. Young’s modulus measures a material’s:
a) Stiffness ✅
b) Ductility
c) Malleability
d) Conductivity
63. Poisson’s ratio relates:
a) Stress and strain
b) Lateral and longitudinal strain ✅
c) Force and displacement
d) Heat and temperature
64. The SI unit of surface tension is:
a) N/mN/m ✅
b) J/m2J/m2
 c) PaPa
d) N⋅mN⋅m
65. Capillary action is due to:
a) Gravity
b) Surface tension ✅
c) Viscosity
d) Pressure

Section 14: Waves & Sound

66. The pitch of a sound depends on its:

a) Amplitude
b) Frequency ✅
c) Wavelength
d) Speed
67. The speed of sound is highest in:
a) Air
b) Water
c) Solids ✅
d) Vacuum
68. Beats are produced by the interference of two waves with:
a) Same frequency
b) Slightly different frequencies ✅
c) Same amplitude
d) Different speeds
69. Doppler effect occurs when there is relative motion between:
a) Source and observer ✅
b) Two sound waves
 c) Light and matter
d) Electric and magnetic fields
70. Ultrasonic waves have frequencies:
a) Below 20 Hz
b) Between 20 Hz and 20 kHz
c) Above 20 kHz ✅
d) Equal to audible frequencies

Section 15: Optics & Light

71. The refractive index of a medium is defined as:

a) Speed of light in vacuumSpeed of light in mediumSpeed of light in mediumSpeed of light in vacuum
✅
b) Speed of sound in mediumSpeed of lightSpeed of lightSpeed of sound in medium
c) Wavelength in airWavelength in mediumWavelength in mediumWavelength in air
d) Frequency in vacuumFrequency in mediumFrequency in mediumFrequency in vacuum
72. Total internal reflection occurs when light travels from:
a) Rarer to denser medium
b) Denser to rarer medium at an angle > critical angle ✅
c) Air to water
d) Glass to air at any angle
73. A convex lens always forms a:
a) Real and inverted image
b) Virtual and erect image
c) Depends on object distance ✅
d) Only magnified image
74. The power of a lens is measured in:
a) Watts
 b) Diopters ✅
c) Newtons
d) Joules
75. Dispersion of light is due to:
a) Different wavelengths refracting differently ✅
b) Reflection
c) Diffraction
d) Interference

Section 16: Electromagnetic Waves

76. Which electromagnetic wave has the longest wavelength?

a) X-rays
b) Radio waves ✅
c) Gamma rays
d) Ultraviolet rays
77. Visible light ranges between wavelengths:
a) 400 nm400nm to 700 nm700nm ✅
b) 1 nm1nm to 100 nm100nm
c) 1 mm1mm to 1 m1m
d) 10−12 m10−12m to 10−8 m10−8m
78. Which wave is used in MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)?
a) X-rays
b) Radio waves ✅
c) Gamma rays
d) Infrared waves
79. The phenomenon of light behaving as a wave and particle is called:
a) Diffraction
 b) Polarization
c) Wave-particle duality ✅
d) Interference
80. The electromagnetic spectrum is arranged in order of:
a) Increasing wavelength
b) Increasing frequency
c) Both (a) and (b) ✅
d) Decreasing energy

Section 17: Nuclear Physics

81. The process of splitting a heavy nucleus into smaller nuclei is called:
a) Nuclear fusion
b) Nuclear fission ✅
c) Radioactive decay
d) Beta decay
82. Which particle has the least penetrating power?
a) Alpha particle ✅
b) Beta particle
c) Gamma ray
d) Neutron
83. The mass defect in nuclear reactions is due to:
a) Conversion of mass to energy ✅
b) Loss of protons
c) Gain of electrons
d) Neutrino emission
84. The nuclear force is a:
a) Long-range force
 b) Short-range force ✅
c) Electromagnetic force
d) Gravitational force
85. The unit of radioactivity is:
a) Joule
b) Becquerel ✅
c) Ohm
d) Tesla

Section 18: Semiconductors & Electronics

86. In a p-type semiconductor, majority carriers are:

a) Electrons
b) Holes ✅
c) Protons
d) Neutrons
87. A Zener diode is used for:
a) Amplification
b) Rectification
c) Voltage regulation ✅
d) Switching
88. The gain of a transistor in common-emitter mode is called:
a) Alpha
b) Beta ✅
c) Gamma
d) Delta
89. An AND gate gives a high output only when:
a) All inputs are high ✅
 b) Any input is high
c) All inputs are low
d) One input is high
90. The forbidden energy gap in an insulator is:
a) Very small
b) Moderate
c) Very large ✅
d) Zero

Section 19: Experimental Physics

91. A Michelson interferometer is used to measure:

a) Electric current
b) Wavelength of light ✅
c) Magnetic field
d) Temperature
92. The principle behind a photovoltaic cell is:
a) Thermionic emission
b) Photoelectric effect ✅
c) Electromagnetic induction
d) Superconductivity
93. A cathode ray tube (CRT) works by:
a) Heating a filament
b) Accelerating electrons towards a screen ✅
c) Using quantum tunneling
d) Magnetic levitation
94. A spectrometer measures:
a) Mass
 b) Wavelength of light ✅
c) Electric charge
d) Pressure
95. The Hall effect is used to measure:
a) Temperature
b) Magnetic field ✅
c) Light intensity
d) Humidity

Section 20: Applied Physics (Miscellaneous)

96. A transformer works on:

a) AC only ✅
b) DC only
c) Both AC and DC
d) Pulsed DC
97. The piezoelectric effect is used in:
a) Thermometers
b) Quartz watches ✅
c) Solar panels
d) Electric motors
98. A superconductor exhibits zero resistance below its:
a) Curie temperature
b) Critical temperature ✅
c) Melting point
d) Boiling point
99. The working principle of a rocket is based on:
a) Bernoulli’s principle
 b) Newton’s Third Law ✅
c) Archimedes’ principle
d) Pascal’s law
100. The GPS (Global Positioning System) works using:
a) Radio waves
b) Microwaves
c) Satellite signals and relativity ✅
d) Infrared waves

Final Answer Key (51-100):

51-a, 52-b, 53-b, 54-a, 55-b, 56-b, 57-b, 58-b, 59-b, 60-b,
61-a, 62-a, 63-b, 64-a, 65-b, 66-b, 67-c, 68-b, 69-a, 70-c,
71-a, 72-b, 73-c, 74-b, 75-a, 76-b, 77-a, 78-b, 79-c, 80-c,
81-b, 82-a, 83-a, 84-b, 85-b, 86-b, 87-c, 88-b, 89-a, 90-c,
91-b, 92-b, 93-b, 94-b, 95-b, 96-a, 97-b, 98-b, 99-b, 100-c