TAMIL NADU PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION

SYLLABUS
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING /
ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
(DIPLOMA STANDARD)
CODE : 446

UNIT – I: CIRCUIT THEORY AND DC MACHINES

Electrostatics - Basic Concepts of Electricity - Ohm’s Law, Kirchhoff’s Laws,
Series, Parallel and Series-Parallel Circuits - Network Theorems (Mesh
Analysis, Nodal Analysis, Superposition, Thevenin’s, Norton’s and Maximum
Power Transfer Theorems) - Star–Delta transformation - Source
Transformation (Simple problems in DC only) - Single Phase AC and 3 Phase
AC Circuits - Resonant Circuits - Electromagnetism - DC Generator - Types -
Construction - Working - EMF Equation - Characteristic Curves - Armature
reaction - Applications - DC Motor - Types - construction - Working -
Characteristics - Commutation - Applications - Speed Control - D.C Starters -
Losses in DC Machines - Testing of DC Machines - Maintenance of DC Machines
- Storage Batteries - Special DC Machines - PMDC - DC Servor Motor - Stepper
Motor - Variable Reluctance Stepper Motor - Permanent Magnet Stepper Motor.

UNIT – II: AC MACHINES

Single Phase Transformer - Construction - Principle of Operation - EMF
Equation - Vector Diagram - Regulation, Losses and Efficiency - OC & SC Test -
Parallel Operation - Auto Transformer - All day Efficiency - Three Phase
Transformer - Construction - Testing - Parallel operation - Grouping of
Transformer - Maintenance - Alternator - Construction - EMF Equation -
Parallel operation - Testing - Determination of voltage regulation -
Synchronous Motor - Construction - Starting Methods - Characteristics -
Applications - 3 Phase induction motor - Types - Construction and Working
Principle - Characteristics - Phasor Diagram - Starters - Speed Control -
Maintenance - Single Phase Induction Motors - Working Principle - Types -
Applications - Special AC Machines - Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor,
SRM, AC Servor Motor - Linear Induction Motor.

UNIT – III: MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTS

Classification and characteristics of instruments - Operating forces -
Construction and Working of MI, MC and Dynamometer type instruments -
Extension of Instrument Range - Instrument transformers - Direct
measurement of current, Voltage and Resistance - Measurement of Power -
Measurement of Energy - Single Phase and 3 Phase Energy meters -
Measurement of power factor - Maximum demand indicator - Synchroscope -
Measurement of frequency - AC Bridges - Anderson bridge - Schering bridge -
Cathode ray Oscilloscope - Sensing elements – Transducers - Passive, active
transducers.

UNIT – IV: ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND CIRCUITS

Semi conductor Diodes - Rectifiers - Half wave, full wave and Bridge rectifier -
3 Phase rectifiers - Filter - Types - Capacitor filter - Inductor filter - L Section
filter - ∏ Section filter - RC Filter - Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJT) - Biasing -
configuration - Field effect Transistors (JFET & MOSFET) and Unit junction
Transistor (UJT) - Transistor Oscillators - Special semiconductor devices - Gunn
diode, varactor diode, Zener diode, Tunnel diode - Silicon controlled Rectifier -
DIAC - TRIAC –IGBT - Opto electronic devices - LDR, LED, LCD, Opto
coupler, IR transmitter and receiver, Laser diode , Solar cell, Photo diode,
Photo transistor - Diode clipper - Diode clamper - Voltage Multiplier - Multi
vibrators - Astable, Monostable, Bistable - Schmitt trigger - Seven Segment
LED - Amplifier - RC Coupled amplifier - Emitter follower - Oscillator - Hartley
Oscillator, Colpitts Oscillator - RC Phase Shift Oscillator.
UNIT – V: ANALOG AND DIGITAL ELECTRONICS
Operational amplifiers Specifications - characteristics - Applications - Number
system - Boolean algebra - De-Morgan’s theorems - Logic gates - Digital logic
families - Combinational Logic Circuits - Sequential Logic Circuits - Flip-flops,
Counters, shift registers - Memory devices - D/A and A/D converters - Special
function ICs - IC555 timer - IC565 - IC566 - IC Voltage regulators - Karnagh
map (Upto 4 Variables) - Half adder - Full adder - Half Subtractor - Full
Subtractor - Parity Generator and Checker - Decimal to BCD Encoder - 3 to 8
Decoder - 4 to 1 Multiplexer - 1 to 4 Demultiplexer - Flipflops - JK - RS - Edge
triggered FF - D-FF - T-FF - Counters - Up counter - Down counter - Decade
counter - Mod N counter - Shift register - Memories - ROM - RAM.

UNIT-VI: GENERATION, TRANSMISSION AND SWITCH GEAR:

Generation of Electrical Energy - Conventional Methods, Co-generation
Methods - Inter Connected System - Load Curve - Load duration curves -
Demand factor - Capacity Factor - Load factor - Diversity factor - Base Load
and Peak load plants - Renewable Energy Sources - Solar power generation on
grid and off grid solar power - Different types of PV Panels - Wind - Tidal - Bio
- Geo - Hybrid - AC Transmission - HV Transmission - Voltage Regulation -
Transmission efficiency - Over Head lines - Constants of TL - Transposition of
TL - Skin, Ferranti effect - Corona - HVDC Transmission - Facts Controllers
(Statcom, UPFC) - Line Insulators - String Efficiency - Underground Cables -
Types of Cables - Laying of Cables - Switch gear - Circuit Breaker [ELCB,SF6,
Vacuum CB, Oil CB] - Fuses [HRC, HV, Cartridge, Liquid Type and Metal clad] -
Over Voltage Protection - Lightning Arresters - Protective relays - Grounding -
Renewable Energy.
UNIT – VII: DISTRIBUTION AND UTILISATION
AC and DC Distribution - Substations - Indoor SS - Outdoor SS - Feeder -
Distributors - Fault Analysis - Protection System - Busbar system - Industrial
Drives - Types of electric drives and choice of electric motor - Electric Traction
- System of track electrification - Traction mechanics - Traction motors and
control - Magnetic levitation - Illumination - Laws of illumination - Lighting
systems - Construction and Characteristics of Arc, Incandescent, Sodium
vapour - CFL and LED lamps - Electric heating - Electric furnaces - Electric
welding - Electric welding equipments.

UNIT – VIII: MICRO CONTROLLER AND ITS APPLICATION

8051 micro controller - Architecture - Instruction set - Assembler directives -
Addressing modes - Programs - I/O programming - Timer/Counter
programming - Serial communication - Interrupts - IC 8255 - Interfacing
techniques with 8051 - Applications - PIC Micro Controller - Arduino -
Raspberry Pi - Introduction to IOT - Architecture of IOT Systems.

UNIT-IX: A. POWER ELECTRONICS AND DRIVES

Thyristor family - SCR Triggering Circuits [R, RC, UJT, Pulse Transformer
triggeing circuits - IC based Triggering Circuits] - Driver and Buffer Circuits -
Commutation Circuits - Phase Controlled Rectifier - Thyristor Protection -
Choppers - SMPS - Inverters - UPS - Control of DC Drives – Rectifier Based
Control, Chopper Based Control - Closed Loop Control - Control of AC Drives
[Stator Voltage Control, Variable Frequency Control, v/f Control Rotor
resistance control] - Closed Loop Control - Micro Processor based PWM Control
- Static Var Compensation - Cyclo Converters.

B. ELECTRICAL ESTIMATION & ENERGY AUDITING

Indian Electricity Rules - 1956-Standard symbols for various wiring items,
accessories - Types of Internal Wiring - Service Connection (Over Head and
Under Ground) - Quantity of Material Required in Electrical Installation - Wire
Size - Selection of fuses - Earthing - Testing of installations - Domestic,
commercial and industrial installation estimate - Energy auditing - Need of
Energy audit and management - Types of Energy audit - Audit Process -
Electrical Measurement - Load and Power factor measuring equipment - Energy
conservation - Selection of cable - Lighting systems - Pumping systems.

UNIT-X: CONTROL OF ELECTRICAL MACHINES:

Control Circuit Components [Switches, Relays, Timers, Contactors] - Simple
Motor Control Circuits - DC Motor Control Circuits - Starters, Jogging, Dynamic
braking, Plugging, Reversing Control - AC Motor Control Circuits -Starters - 2
Speed Motor Control - Reversing the Rotation of IM - Dynamic braking -
Plugging - Industrial Control Circuits [Planner Machine - Skip Hoist - Water
pump - Electric Oven - Air Compressor - Over Head Crane - Battery Operated
Truck - Conveyor System - Elevator] - PLC - Components of PLC - Operation of
PLC - Scan - PLC Memory - i/p and o/p Module - Programming, Programming
Devices - Ladder Diagram (Relay, Timer, Counter) - DOL, λ/Δ Starter - EB to
Gen - SCADA - DCS.

Dated: 23.12.2024