ar

Ye

2025 NEET Solved Paper

1. The ratio of the wavelengths of the light absorbed by a Hydrogen NC

atom when it undergoes n = 2 → n = 3 and n = 4 → n = 6 CH3
c. d. CH3
transitions, respectively, is
NC
1 1
a. b. 5. Energy and radius of first Bohr orbit of He+ and Li2+ are
36 16
1 1
[Given RH = 2.18 × 10–18 J, a0 = 52.9 pm]
c. d.
9 4 a. En(Li2+)= –19.62 × 10–18J;
2. Which of the following statements are true? rn(Li2+) = 17.6 pm
A. Unlike Ga that has a very high melting point, Cs has a En(He+)= –8.72 × 10–18 J;
very low melting point. rn(He+) = 26.4 pm
B. On Pauling scale, the electronegativity values of N and b. En(Li2+) = –8.72 × 10–18J;
Cl are not the same.
rn(Li2+) = 26.4 pm
C. Ar, K+ , Cl-, Ca2+ and S2- are all isoelectronic species.
En(He+)= –19.62 × 10–18J;
D. The correct order of the first ionization enthalpies of Na,
rn(He+) = 17.6 pm
Mg, Al, and Si is Si > Al Mg > Na.
c. En(Li2+) = –19.62 × 10–16 J;
E. The atomic radius of Cs is greater than that of Li and Rb.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below : rn(Li2+) = 17.6 pm

a. A, B, and E only b. C and E only En(He+)= –8.72 × 10–16 J;

c. C and D only d. A, C, and E only rn(He+) = 26.4 pm

3. Match List-I with, List-II d. En(Li2+) = –8.72 × 10–16J;

List-I List-II rn(Li2+) = 17.6 pm
(Ion)    (Group Number in Cation Analysis) En(He+)= –19.62 × 10–16J;
A. Co2+ I. Group-I rn(He+) = 17.6 pm
B. Mg2+ II. Group-III 6. Which of the following are paramagnetic?
C. Pb2+ III. Group-IV A. [NiCl4]2–
D. Al 3+
IV. Group-VI B. Ni(CO)4
Choose the correct answer from the options given below : C. [Ni CN)4]2–
a. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I b. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II D. [Ni(H2O)6]2+
c. A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I d. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV E. Ni(PPh3)4
4. Predict the major product 'P' in the following sequaence of Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
reations- a. A and C only
CH3 (i) HBr benzoy 1 peroxide
(ii) KCN b. B and E only
P
(Major) c. A and D only
(iii) Na (Hg)/C2H5OH
d. A, D and E only
CH3 7. Given below are two statements:
CH3
a. b.
CH2NH2 Statement I: Like nitrogen that can form ammonia, arsenic can form
CH2NH2 arsine.
 ii Chapter & Topicwise NEET PYQ's

Statement II: Antimony cannot form antimony pentoxide A. log(K) = log Ka1 + log Ka2 + log Ka3
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate B. H3PO4 is a stronger acid than H2PO –4 and H2PO 2–
4
answer from the options given below:
C. Ka1 > Ka2 > Ka3
a. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct K a3 + K a 2
b. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect D. Ka1 =
2
c. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
d. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
a. A and B only
8. Which among the following electronic configurations belong
b. A and C only
to main group elements?
c. B, C and D only
A. [Ne]3s1 B. [Ar]3d34s2
d. A, B and C only
C. [Kr]4d105s25p5 D. [Ar]3d104s1
E. [Rn]5f06d27s2 15. Which one of the following reactions does NOT give benzene
as the product?
Choose the correct answer from the option given below:
O
a. B and E only b. A and C only a. C—ONa
sodalime
c. D and E only d. A, C and D only D
Mo2O3
9. Dalton's Atomic theory could not explain which of the b.
n-hexane 773K, 10-20 atm.
following?
red hot Iron Tube
a. Law of conservation of mass c. H–C≡C–H
at 873 K
b. Law of constant proportion
H2O
c. Law of multiple proportion d. N≡N
warm
Cl
d. Law of gaseous volume
16. If the molar conductivity (Λm) of a 0.050 mol L–1 solution of
10. Consider the following compounds: a monobasic weak acid is 90 S cm² mol–1, its extent (degree)
KO2, H2O2 and H2SO4 . of dissociation will be
The oxidation states of the underlined elements in them are, [Assume Λ °+ = 349.6 S cm2 mol–1 and Λ °– = 50.4 S cm2 mol–1.]
respectively,
a. 0.115 b. 0.125
a. +1, –1, and +6 b. +2, –2, and +6
c. 0.225 d. 0.215
c. +1, –2, and +4 d. +4, –4, and +6
17. Given below are two statements:
11. If the half-life (t1/2) for a first order reaction is 1 minute, then
Statement I: A hypothetical diatomic molecule with bond order zero
the time required for 99.9% completion of the reaction is
is quite stable.
closest to:
Statement II: As bond order increases, the bond length increases.
a. 2 minutes b. 4 minutes
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate
c. 5 minutes d. 10 minutes answer from the options given below:
12. The correct order of the wavelength of light absorbed by the a. Both Statement I and Statement II are true
following complexes is,
b. Both Statement I and Statement II are false
A. [Co(NH3)6]3+ B. [Co(CN)6]3–
c. Statement I is true but Statement II is false
C. [Cu(H2O)4] 2+
D. [Ti(H2O)6]3+
d. Statement I is false but Statement II is true
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
18. Out of the following complex compounds, which of the
a. B < D < A < C b. B < A < D < C
compound will be having the minimumconductancein solution?
c. C < D < A < B d. C < A < D < B
a. [Co(NH3)3Cl3]
13. Which one of the following compounds can exist as cis-trans
b. [Co(NH3)4Cl2]
isomers?
c. [Co(NH3)6]Cl3
a. Pent-1-ene
d. [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl
b. 2-Methylhex-2-ene
c. 1, 1-Dimethylcyclopropane 19. Match List-I with List-II
List-I List-II
d. 1, 2-Dimethylcyclohexane
14. Phosphoric acid ionizes in three steps with their ionization A. XeO3 I. sp3d; linear
constant values Ka1 Ka2 and Ka3, respectively, while K is the B. XeF2 II. sp3; pyramidal
overall ionization constant. C. XeOF4 III. sp3d3; distorted octahedral
Which of the following statements are true? D. XeF6 IV. sp3d2; square pyramidal
 NEET 2025 Solved Paper iii

Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 23. Among the following, choose the ones with equal number of
a. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III atoms.

b. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV A. 212 g of Na2CO3 (s) [molar mass = 106g]
B. 248 g of Na2O (s) [molar mass = 62g]
c. A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I
C. 240 g of NaOH(s) [molar mass = 40g]
d. A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III
D. 12 g of H2 (g) [molar mass = 2g]
20. C(s) + 2H2(g) → CH4(g); DH = –74.8kJ mol–1 Which of the
E. 220 g of CO2 (g) [molar mass = 44g]
following diagrams gives an accurate representation of the
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
above reaction?
a. A, B, and C only b. A, B, and D only
[R → reactants; P → products]
Energy c. B, C and D only d. B, D, and E only
(kJ mol–1) R 24. Match List-I with List-II.
a. 74.8 P List-I List-II
(Name of Vitamin)   (Deficiency disease)
Reaction progress
A. Vitamin B12 I. Cheilosis
Energy B. Vitamin D II. Convulsions.
P
(kJ mol–1)
b. R 74.8 C. Vitamin B2 III. Rickets
D. Vitamin B6 IV. Pernicious anaemia
Reaction progress Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Energy a. A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV

(kJ mol–1) 74.8 b. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
R
c. P c. A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV
d. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
Reaction progress
25. The correct order of decreasing acidity of the following
Energy P aliphatic acids is:
(kJ mol–1)
a. (CH3)3CCOOH > (CH3)2CHCOOH > CH3COOH > HCOOH
d. R 74.8
b. CH3COOH > (CH3)2CHCOOH > (CH3)3CCOOH > HCOOH
Reaction progress
c. HCOOH > CH3COOH > (CH3)2CHCOOH > (CH3)3CCOOH
d. HCOOH > (CH3)3CCOOH > (CH3)2CHCOOH > CH3COOH
21. Match List-I with List-II
26. Given below are two statements :
List-I (Example)
List-II (Type of Solution)
Statement I : Ferromagnetism is considered as an extreme form of
A. Humidity I. Solid in solid paramagnetism.
B. Alloys II. Liquid in gas Statement II : The number of unpaired electrons in a Cr2+ ion (Z =
C. Amalgams III. Solid in gas 24) is the same as that of a Nd3+ ion (Z = 60).
D. Smoke IV. Liquid in solid In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: the options given below:

a. A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III a. Both Statement I and Statement II are true
b. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III b. Both Statement I and Statement II are false
c. Statement I is true but Statement II is false
c. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
d. Statement I is false but Statement II is true
d. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV
27. Match List-I with List-II
22. The correct order of deereasing basic strength of the given
List-I List-II
amines is:
(Mixture) (Method of Separation)
a. N-methylaniline > benzenamine >
A. CHCl3 + C6H5NH2 I. 
Distillation under reduced
ethanamine > N-ethylethanamine
pressure
b. N-ethylethanamine > ethanamine >
B. 
Crude oil in II. Steam distillation
benzenamine > N-methylaniline petroleum
c. N-ethylethanamine > ethanamine > industry
N-methylaniline > benzenamine C. Glycerol from III. Fractional distillation
d. benzenamine > ethanamine > spent-lye
N-methylaniline > N-ethylethanamine D. Aniline water IV. Simple distillation
iv Chapter & Topicwise NEET PYQ's

Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 33. The major product of the following reaction is:
O (i) CH3MgBr
a. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II b. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
(excess)
c. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II d. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I CN
(ii) H3O+
28. For the reaction A(g)  2B(g), the backward reaction rate
constant is higher than the forward reaction rate constant by
CH3 OH
a factor of 2500, at 1000 Κ.
[Given: R = 0.0831 L atm mol–1 K–1] Kp for the reaction at 1000 K is CN
a.
a. 83.1 b. 2.077 × 10 5

c. 0.033 d. 0.021
CH3 OH
29. Given below are two statements: CH3
Statement I: Benzenediazonium salt is prepared by the reaction of b.
aniline with nitrous acid at 273-278 K. It decomposes easily in the O
dry state.
Statement II: Insertion of iodine into the benzene ring is difficult H3C OH
and hence iodobenzene is prepared through the reaction of OH
benzenediazonium salt with KI. c.
CH3
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate
CH3
answer from the options given below:

a. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct O

CH3
b. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
d.
c. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect O
d. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
30. How many products (including stereoisomers) are expected 34. Which of the following aqueous solution will exhibit highest
from monochlorination of the following compound? boiling point?
H3C
a. 0.01 M Urea b. 0.01 M KNO3
CH-CH2-CH3
c. 0.01 M Na2SO4 d. 0.015 M C6H12O6
H3C
35. Match List-I with List-II
a. 2 b. 3
List-I List-II
c. 5 d. 6
A. Haber process I. Fe catalyst
31. Among the given compounds I-III, the correct order of bond B. Wacker oxidation II. PdCl2
dissociation energy of C-H bond marked with * is:
C. Wilkinson catalyst III. [(PPh3)3RhCl]
H
H —* D. Ziegler catalyst IV. TiCl4 with Al(CH3)3
C
* C≡ Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
* H a. A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III

H b. A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV

I II III c. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
a. II > I > III b. I > II > III d. A-I, B-IV, C-III, D-II
c. III > II > I d. II > III > I 36. 5 moles of liquid X and 10 moles of liquid Y make a solution
having a vapour pressure of 70 torr. The vapour pressures of
32. Which one of the following compounds does not decolourize
pure X and Y are 63 torr and 78 torr respectively. Which of
bromine water?
the following is true regarding the described solution?

a. b. OH a. The solution shows positive deviation.

b. The solution shows negative deviation.
c. The solution is ideal.
c. CH = CH2 d. NH2
d. The solution has volume greater than the sum of individual
volumes.
 NEET 2025 Solved Paper v

37. Sugar ‘X’ 41. Total number of possible isomers (both structural as well as
A. is found in honey. stereoisomers) of cyclic ethers of molecular C4H8O is:
B. is a keto sugar. a. 6 b. 8
C. exists in α and β-anomeric forms. c. 10 d. 11
D. is laevorotatory. 42. Identify the correct orders against the property mentioned
‘X’ is:
A. H2O > NH3 > CHCl3 – dipole moment
a. D-Glucose b. D-Fructose B. XeF4 > XeO3 > XeF2 – number of lone pairs on central
c. Maltose d. Sucrose atom
38. Identify the suitable reagent for the following conversion. C. O – H > C – H > N – O – bond length
O
CHO D. N2 > O2 > H2 – bond enthalpy
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
OCH3
a. A, D only
b. B, D only
a. (i) LiAlH4, (ii) H /H2O
+
c. A, C only
b. (i) AlH(iBu)2 (ii) H2O d. B, C only
c. (i) NaBH4, (ii) H+/H2O 43. Higher yield of NO in
d. H2/Pd-BaSO4 N2 (g) + O2(g) 2NO(g) can be obtained at
39. Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion [ ∆H of the reaction = + 180.7 kJ mol–1]
(A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). A. higher temperature
B. lower temperature
I undergoes S 2 reaction faster C. higher concentration of N2
Assertion (A): N
D. higher concentration of O2
Cl Choose the corret answer from the options given below:
than
Reason (R): Iodine is a better leaving group because of its large a. A, D Only b. B,C Only
size. c. B, C, D only d. A, C, D, only
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from 44. If the rate constant of a reaction is 0.03 s–1, how much time
the options given below: does it take for 7.2 mo L–1 concentration of the reactant to get
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of reduced to 0.9 mol L– 1?
A (Given: log 2 = 0.301)
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation a. 69.3s b. 23.1s
of A
c. 210 s d. 21.0s
c. A is true but R is false
45. Which one of the following reactions does NOT belongs to
d. A is false but R is true. Lassaigne's test?
40. The standard heat of formation, in kcal/mol of Ba2+ is : a. Na + C + N NaCN
[Given : standard heat of formation of so2-4 ion (aq) = –216 kcal/ D
mol, standard heat of crystallisation of BaSO4(s) = –4.5 kcal/mol, b. 2Na + S Na2S
D
standard heat of formation of BaSO4(s) = –349 kcal/mol] c. Na + X + NaX
D
a. – 128.5 b. – 133.0
d. 2CuO + C 2Cu + CO2
c. + 133.0 d. + 220.5 D

Answer Key
1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (a) 5. (a) 6. (c) 7. (c) 8. (b) 9. (d) 10. (a)
11. (d) 12. (b) 13. (d) 14. (d) 15. (d) 16. (c) 17. (b) 18. (a, b) 19. (a) 20. (a)
21. (b) 22. (c) 23. (b) 24. (b) 25. (c) 26. (c) 27. (a) 28. (c) 29. (a) 30. (d)
31. (a) 32. (a) 33. (b) 34. (c) 35. (c) 36. (b) 37. (b) 38. (b) 39. (a) 40. (a)
41. (c) 42. (a) 43. (d) 44. (a) 45. (d)
 vi Chapter & Topicwise NEET PYQ's

Explanations
1. (d) (NCERT XI, Part-1, Ch-Structure CH3 E. Given electronic configuration
of atom, Page-47) (ii) KCN represents Th which is an inner-
transition element.

To find the ratio of wavelengths, we
Br CH3 9. (d) (NCERT XI, Part-1, Ch-Some basic
can use the Rydberg formula:
concepts of chemistry, Page-16)
=

(
1 / λ R × 1 / n1 −1 / n2 2 2
) CN
Na(Hg)
C2H5OH

Dalton’s atomic theory could not
explain the law of gaseous volume,
where λ is the wavelength, R is the which relates to the volumes of gases
Rydberg constant, and n1 and n2 are the CH3 reacting or produced in chemical
principal quantum numbers. reactions. This law was later
CH2NH2
For the n = 2 to n = 3 transition: explained by Avogadro’s hypothesis,
5. (a) (NCERT XI, Part-1, Ch-Structure which states that equal volumes of
1  1 1  1 1 of atom, Page-47)
=R ×  2 − 2  =R ×  −  gases at the same temperature and
λ1 2 3  4 9
Calculations for He+ (Z = 2) pressure contain an equal number of
 5  molecules.
= R×   0.529Å 
 36  Radius: r =  ×
 2  10. (a) (NCERT XI, Part-2, Ch-Redox
For the n = 4 to n = 6 transition:  1Å  reactions, page-240)
  = 26.45pm
 100pm 

In KO2 (potassium superoxide),
1  1 1   1 1 
= R× 2 − 2  = R× −  Energy: E =-54.4 eV × (1.602 × 10-19 −1
λ2 4 6   16 36  J/eV) = –8.71=10–18J oxygen has an oxidation state of 2
 5  Calculations for Li2+ (Z = 3) (since it’s a superoxide, O2–). Let’s denote
= R× 
 144  the oxidation state of K as x.
Now, let’s find the ratio of the wavelengths:  0.529Å  The sum of the oxidation states in KO2
Radius: r =  
 3  should be zero:
     1Å   −1 
 1      ×   = 17.63pm x+2×  =0
      100pm   2 
λ1  λ 2   R×5   =5  36 1
= = = = Energy: E = –122.4eV × (1.602 × 10–19 J/eV) x –1 = 0
λ2  1   144   144  144 4
 = –1.96 × 10–17J x = +1

 λ1  R×5   5 
    6. (c) (NCERT XII, Part-1, Ch- Let x be the oxidation state of O in H2O2.
 36   36  Coordination compounds, page-130)
2(+1) + 2x = 0
λ1 1 In [NiCl4]2–, Ni is in +2 oxidation state
= having electronic configuration 3d8. 2x = –2
So, the ratio of the wavelengths is λ 2 4 Since Cl– is a weak field ligand, it will x = –1
not cause pairing, hence, this complex is Let x be the oxidation state of S in H2
2. (b) (NCERT XI, Part-1, Ch-
paramagnetic having 2 unpaired electrons. SO4.
Classification of Elements and In [Ni (H2O)6]2+, Ni is in +2 oxidation
Periodicity in Properties, page-85) 2 (+1) + x + 4 (–2) = 0
state having electronic configuration 3d8.
Since H2O is a weak field ligand, it will 2+x–8=0

Isoelectronic species contain the same not cause pairing, hence, this complex is x = +6
number of electrons. All the elements paramagnetic having 2 unpaired electrons.
given in option (c) contain 18 electrons. 11. (d) (NCERT XII, Part-1, Ch-Chemical
7. (c) (NCERT XI, Part-1, Ch-
Kinetics, page -76)
Down the group, atomic radius increases Classification of Elements and
Periodicity in Properties, Page-81)
which means atomic radius of Cs will be t1/2 = 1min
greater than both Li and Rb. Statement II is incorrect as antimony can
0.693
form antimony pentoxide, Sb2O5. = 0.693
=k
t1
3. (b) 8. (b) (NCERT XI, Part-1, Ch-
A. Co2+ = Group IV Classification of Elements and 2
Periodicity in Properties, Page-81) 2.203 A 
B. Mg2+ = Group VI Now, t = log  o 
Main group elements lie in group 1, 2 and k  A
C. Pb2+ = Group I from 13 to 18 respectively.

D. Al = Group III
3+
A. Given electronic configuration represents 2.303  100 
Na which is a main group element.

= log   = 10 min
0.693  0.1 
4. (a) (NCERT XII, Part-2, Ch-Amines, B. Given electronic configuration represents
page-263) V which is a transition element. 12. (b)
(NCERT XII, Part-1, Ch-
CH3 Coordination compounds, Page-133)
C. Given electronic configuration represents
(i) HBr, I which is a main group element.
The wavelength of light absorbed by a
Benzoyl peroxide D. Given electronic configuration represents complex depends on crystal field splitting
Cu which is a transition element. energy (Δ), which is influenced by:
 NEET 2025 Solved Paper vii

Ligand strength (from the spectrochemical The overall ionization constant (K) for No. of
series: H2O < NH3 < CN–) Dissociation in
Option Complex Particles
complete ionization of H3PO 4 is the Solution
Formed
Oxidation state and size of the metal ion product of all three steps:
Geometry of the complex K = Ka1 × Ka2 × Ka3 No dissociation
(a) [Co (NH3)Cl3] 1molecule
(neutral complex)
Tetrahedral complexes have lower Δ than Taking logarithm on both sides gives:
No dissociation
octahedral ones (CFSE is ∼ 4 / 9 less). logK = logKa1 + logKa2 + logKa3 (b) [Co (NH3)4Cl2]
(neutral complex)
1molecule

Compare Δ based on ligand strength and Among the species H3PO4, H2PO4–, and
(c) [Co(NH3)6]Cl3 [Co (NH3)6]3+ +3Cl– 4 ions
HPO42–
metal properties.
H3PO4 is the strongest acid, as it donates (d) [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl [Co(NH3)5Cl]+ + Cl– 2 ions
Δ Order:
its first proton most readily.
[Co(CN)6]3– > [Co (NH3)6]3+ > The higher the number of molecules, the
 [Ti (H2O)6]3+ >[Cu(H2O)4]2+ 15. (d) (NCERT XII, Part-2, Ch-Amines, higher the conductance.
Page- 276)
Since, λ ∝ 1 / ∆ the order of wavelength O 19. (a) A. XeO3 → sp3, pyramidal → II
absorbed is: C > D > A > B C—O–Na+ NaOH + CaO

13. (d) (NCERT XI, Part-2, Ch-

Hydrocarbons, Page- 308) + Na2CO3
Xe
1. 
Pent-1-ene: No cis-trans isomerism.
Mo2O3 O O
H2C CH3 O
2. 
2-Methylhex-2-ene: Can’t have cis- B. XeF2 → sp3d, linear → I
trans isomerism. red hot iron tube F
3CH≡CH
CH3 873 K
CH3
OH
Xe
H3C
+ – H2O
3. 
1,1-Dimethylcyclopropane: No cis- N2 Cl warm + N2 + HCl
trans isomerism because both methyl F
groups are on the same carbon. Phenol
16. (c) (NCERT XII, Part-1, Ch-Electroc- C. XeOF4 → sp d , square pyramidal →
3 2

IV
hemistry, Page- 50)
CH3 O
Λm F F
CH3 α=
Λ 0m
4. 1 , 2 - Dimethylcyclohexane: cis-trans Xe
isomerism in cyclohexane is based on Where:
axial and equatorial positions. Λm = molar conductivity at given F F
CH3 CH3 concentration = 90 S cm2 mol–1
CH3 Λm0 molar conductivity at infinite dilution D. XeF6 → sp3d3, distorted octahedral → III
CH3
= Λ 0H + + Λ 0A− F
F
= 349.6 + 50.4 = 400 S cm2 mol–1 F
1,2-cis 1,2-trans
90 Xe
=
α = 0.225
14. (d) (NCERT XI, Part-1, Ch- 400
Equilibrium, Page- 200) F F
17. (b) (NCERT XI, Part-1, Ch-Chemical F
Phosphoric acid is a triprotic acid, bonding and molecular structures,
20. (a) (NCERT XII, Part-1, Ch- Chemical
meaning it can donate three protons Page- 129) kinetics, Page-79)
in a stepwise manner:
Statement I is incorrect;Bond order 0 C(s) + 2H2(g) → CH4(g)
1. H3PO 4  H + + H 2 PO 4− means no bond exists, so the molecule is ΔH = –74.8 kJ/mol (Negative sign means
 (Ionization constant: Ka1) unstable and doesn’t exist under normal the reaction is exothermic)
conditions. In an exothermic reaction:
2.H 2 PO 4 −  H + + HPO 4 2 − Statement II is also incorrect. Higher is Products (P) have lower energy than
 (Ionization constant: Ka2) the bond order and shorter will be the reactants (R)
bond length. Hence, Both Statement I and And the graph for the exothermic reaction
3.HPO 4 2 −  H + + PO 43− Statement II are false is shown as:
 (Ionization constant: Ka3)
18. (a, b) (NCERT XII, Part-2, Ch-
The ionization constants follow the order:
Coordination compounds, Page- 119)
Ka1 > Ka2 > Ka3,
Energy

R
because it becomes progressively harder
Conductance in solution depends on P
to remove a proton from an increasingly the number of ions produced upon DH= –74.8 kJ/m

negative species. dissociation. Reaction progress

 viii Chapter & Topicwise NEET PYQ's

21. (b) (NCERT XII, Part-1, Ch- Solutions, 220 in the soap industry using distillation
Page- 2) Moles
= = 5 mol under reduced pressure. This
44
List-I Type of Solution Explanation technique is used because glycerol has
(Example) Atoms 1 C + 2 O = 3 a high boiling point and decomposes
Water vapour → Total atoms = 5 × 3 = 15 at temperatures close to its boiling
A. Humidity Liquid in gas (II)
in air Equal total atoms in A, B, D point.
Metals mixed
24. (b) (NCERT XII, Part-2, Ch- D. 
Aniline + water: Aniline and water
B. Alloys Solid in solid (I) together (e.g.,
brass) Biomolecules, Page- 296) can be separated by steam distillation
Mercury with since both are volatile. Steam
C. Amalgams Liquid in solid (IV) distillation is a method of purifying or
another metal Deficiency
Vitamin (List I) separating substances that are volatile
D. Smoke Solid in gas (III)
Solid particles Disease (List II)
dispersed in air in steam and immiscible with water.
Pernicious
22. (c) [NCERT XII, Part-2, Ch-Amines, A. Vitamin B12 IV.
anaemia 28. (c) (NCERT XI, Part-1, Ch-
Page- 267] Equilibrium, Page 178)
B. Vitamin D III. Rickets
Secondary amines (like N-ethyl The equilibrium constant for this reaction
C. Vitamin B2 I. Cheilosis
ethanamine) are the most basic because kf
two alkyl groups donate electrons, D. Vitamin B6 II. Convulsions is: K c =
kb
increasing the availability of the nitrogen
25. (c) (NCERT XII, Part-2, Ch- Aldehydes,
lone pair. Given kb = 2500k f , so:
Ketones and Carboxylic Acids, Page-
Primary aliphatic amines (like ethylamine) 250) kf 1
are also quite basic due to one electron- Kc
= = = 0.0004
Acidity of acids is directly proportional 2500k f 2500
donating alkyl group. to the the stability of the carboxylate
Aromatic amines (like N-methylaniline anion. More the alkyl groups, less stable For A ( g )  2 B ( g ) , the change in
and benzenamine) are less basic because the carboxylate anion. Hence, more alkyl moles of gas, ∆n = 2 − 1 = 1 .
the nitrogen lone pair is delocalized into groups usually make the acid weaker due K p = K c ( RT ) ∆n
the benzene ring by resonance, making it to electron-donating effects. Based on
less available for bonding with H⁺. this, option (3) is most likely correct: K p= 0.0004 × 83.1= 0.03324
So, The order of basic strength are: HCOOH > CH3COOH > (CH3)2CHCOOH
> (CH3)3CCOOH. 29. (a) (NCERT XII, Part-2, Ch- Amines,
N-ethylethanamine > ethanamine >
Formic acid (HCOOH) is the most acidic Page 274 and 275)
N-methylaniline > benzenamine
because it has no alkyl groups, and as alkyl Both Statement I and Statement II are
23. (b) [NCERT XI, Part-1, Ch-Some Basic groups increase, the acidity decreases. correct.
concepts of chemistry, Page- 18]
A. 212 g of Na2CO3 26. (c) (NCERT XII, Part-1, Ch- The d- 30. (d) (NCERT XII, Part-2, Ch-
and f-Block Elements, Page- 102) Haloalkanes and Haloarenes, Page 164)
Molar mass = 106 g CH3
Statement I is true. Ferromagnetism is Cl2/hv
212 CH – CH2 – CH3
= = 2mol
Moles indeed a stronger form of paramagnetism, CH3
106 where the magnetic moments of atoms
Atoms per formula unit
align in the same direction, leading to a Cl
= 2 Na + 1 C + 3 O = 6 atoms stronger and permanent magnetization. |
→ Total atoms = 2 × 6 = 12 Statement II is false. CH2
B. 248 g of Na2O Cr2+ (Z = 24) has the electron configuration CH – CH2 – CH3
CH3
Molar mass = 62 g [Ar]3d4 4so. This means it has 4 unpaired
[d + l]
248 electrons.
Moles
= = 4 mol (2 stereoisomers)
62 Nd3+ (Z = 60) has the electron
Atoms = 2 Na + 1 O = 3 atoms configuration [Xe] 4f3. This means it has
→ Total atoms = 4 × 3 = 12 3 unpaired electrons. Cl
CH3 |
C. 240 g of NaOH 27. (a) (NCERT XI, Part-2, Ch- Organic C – CH2 – CH3
Molar mass = 40 g Chemistry - Some Basic Principles and CH3
Techniques, Page 279) [1 stereoisomers]
240
Moles
= = 6 mol
40 A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II H
Atoms = 1 Na + 1 O + 1 H = 3 atoms A. CHCl3 + C6H5NH2 (Mixture): Since CH3 |
chloroform (CHCl3) and aniline are CH – C – CH3
→ Total atoms = 6 × 3 = 18 CH3 |
D. 12 g of H2 quite different in their boiling points, Cl
simple distillation would be the [d + l]
Molar mass = 2g
appropriate method of separation. (2- stereoisomers)
12
Moles= = 6 mol B. C rude Oil: Crude oil is separated into its
2 components using fractional distillation CH3
Atoms per H2 = 2 → Total atoms due to its multiple components with CH – CH2 – CH2 – Cl
= 6 × 2 = 12 CH3
different boiling points. [1 stereoisomers]
E. 220 g of CO2 C. Glycerol from spent-lye: Glycerol Hence, there are total [2 + 1 + 2 + 1 =6]
Molar mass = 44g is typically separated from spent lye stereoisomers.
 NEET 2025 Solved Paper ix

31. (a) (NCERT XI, Part-2, Ch- Organic B. 

The Wacker oxidation reaction uses a 3. NaBH4 does not reduce esters.
Chemistry - Some Basic Principles and palladium (Pd) catalyst, typically in the 4. 
H2/Pd-BaSO4 converts acyl chloride
Techniques, Page 272) form of palladium (II) chloride ( PdCl2). to aldehydes.
Bond dissociation energy (BDE) increases C. 
Wilkinson’s catalyst, formally named
39. (a) (NCERT XII, Part-2, Ch-
with decrease stability of free radical chlorotris (triphe nylphos phine)
Haloalkanes and Haloarenes, Page-
formed after dissociation of C-H bond rhodium(I), is a coordination
174)
fission homolytically. complex of rhodium with the formula
Stability order: III > I > II [RhCl(PPh3)3]. I (lodobutane) undergoes
SN2 reaction faster than Cl
I is more stable as it is resonance stabilised D. 
A common Ziegler-Natta catalyst
(chlorobutane) because iodine is a better
Hence, Bond Dissociation energy order: formula is TiCl4 + Al(CH3)3
leaving group than Cl due to its large size.
II > I > III 36. (b) (NCERT XII, Part-1, Ch- Solutions,
32. (a) (NCERT XI, Part-2, Ch- Page- 13) 40. (a) (NCERT XI, Part-1, Ch-
Hydrocarbons, Page 317) Thermodynamics, Page-151)
According to Raoult's law:-
Bromine water is a common qualitative (1) Given:
Psolution = Px + Py
test for determining the presence of Standard heat of formation of
unsaturation in organic compounds, PXo xX + PYoxY
SO 24 − ion ( aq ) = −216 kcal / mol
particularly alkenes and alkynes. It also Given, nX = 5 and nY = 10
reacts with certain functional groups (where, nX and nY represents number of Standard heat of crystallization of
like phenols and anilines, causing moles of X and Y respectively) BaSO 4 ( s ) = −4.5kcal / mol
a color change that indicates their
nx 5 5 Standard heat of formation of
presence. Cyclohexane, being a saturated ∴ x=
x = =
hydrocarbon (alkane), does not decolorize
n x + n y 5 + 10 15 BaSO 4 ( s ) = −349 kcal / mol
bromine water. ny 10 10 The standard heat of formation of Ba2+
xy
= = = (aq) is related to the heat of formation of
33. (b) (NCERT XII, Part-2, Ch- Aldehydes, n x + n y 5 + 10 15
BaSO4(s) by the following process:
Ketones and Carboxylic Acids, Page 234) Therefore,
O Ba 2 + ( aq ) + SO 24 − ( aq ) → BaSO 4 ( s )
5 10
psolution = 63 × + 78 × Using Hess’s Law:
CN (i) CH3MgBr 15 15
= 21 + 52 = 73 torr ∆H formation of Ba 2+
CH3 OMgBr = ∆H formation of BaSO ( s )
CH3 (Given, PXo = 63 torr and PYo = 78 torr) 4
|
C = NMgBr However, the observed vapor pressure is −∆H formation of SO2− aq
4 ( )
70 torr, which is lower than the calculated
−∆H crystallization of BaSO ( s )
value of 73 torr (by Raoult’s law). This 4
H3O+
indicates that the actual vapor pressure Now, plug in the values:
is lower than expected, which suggests
CH3 OH O negative deviation.
( −349kcal / mol )
∆H formation of Ba 2+ =
||
C – CH3 − ( −216kcal / mol ) − ( −4.5kcal / mol )
37. (b) (NCERT XII, Part-2, Ch-
Biomolecules, Page-286) −349 + 216 + 4.5
∆H formation of Ba 2+ =
34. (c) (NCERT XII, Part-1, Ch- Solutions, 1. D-Glucose is an aldohexose, not a ketose, = −128.5kcal / mol
Page 24) and is dextrorotatory. While found in
41. (c) (NCERT XI, Part-2, Ch- Organic
Boiling Point Elevation is a colligative honey, it doesn’t fit all the criteria.
Chemistry - Some Basic Principles and
property and depends on the number of 2. 
D-Fructose is a keto sugar, found Techniques , Page-270)
particles (ions or molecules) in solution. in honey, exists in alpha and beta O O O
anomeric forms, and is laevorotatory. * *
More the number of particles, more the CH3 CH2
boiling point. 3. 
Maltose is a disaccharide made up of (I) (II) (III) |
CH3
Urea: i ⋅ m =1 × 0.01 =0.01 two glucose molecules, not a keto sugar.
O O O
KNO3 : i ⋅ m =2 × 0.01 =0.02 4. Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of * * CH3
glucose and fructose. It is not a keto H 3C CH3 CH3 CH
3
Na 2SO 4 : i ⋅ m =3 × 0.01 =0.03 sugar (since it is a non-reducing sugar). (IV) (V) (VI)
Glucose: i ⋅ m =1 × 0.015 =0.015 \ Total isomers (structural and
38. (b) (NCERT XII, Part-2, Ch- Aldehydes,
stereoisomers) = 10
The Na2SO4 solution has the highest Ketones and Carboxylic Acids, Page-232)
i.m product (0.03 ), so it will exhibit the 1. LiAlH4 reduces esters to alcohols. 42. (a) (NCERT XI, Part-1, Ch-Chemical
highest boiling point. Bonding and Molecular Structure,
2. DIBAL-H (diisobutylaluminium
Page-108, 112 & 115)
35. (c) (NCERT XII, Part-1, Ch- The d- hydride) reduces esters to aldehydes.
and f-Block Elements, Page 104) O A. Correct
A. The catalyst used in the Haber process, CHO The correct order of dipole moment is:
1. AlH(i-Bu)2
which synthesizes ammonia from OCH3 H2O (1.85 D) > NH3 (1.47 D) > CHCl3
nitrogen and hydrogen, is iron (Fe). 2. H+/H2O (1.04 D)
x Chapter & Topicwise NEET PYQ's

B. Incorrect C. Incorrect 2.303 [ A]0

.. ⇒ t= log
The correct order of bond length is : k [ A]t
F F

N–O (136 pm) > C-H (107 pm) > O-H 7.2
2.303
(96 pm) = log  
0.03 0.9
Xe D. Correct
N2 has triple bond, O2 has double 2.303
= log8
bond and H2 has single bond The 0.03
F F
.. correct order of bond enthalpy is: 2.303
= log(2)3
N2 > O2 > H2 0.03
(XeF4)
43. (d) (NCERT XI, Part-1, Ch- 2.303
.. = × 3log 2
Equilibrium, Page-185, 187) 0.03
Since the reaction is endothermic (as 2.303
= × 3 × 0.301
Xe the value of DH is positive), therefore, 0.03
.. .. = 69.3sec
O O
.. increasing the temperature will shift the
..
..
..

equilibrium towards the formation of 45. (d) (NCERT XII, Part-2, Ch- Organic
O
..
..
..

more NO (the forward direction). Hence, Chemistry – Some Basic Principles and
a higher temperature will result in a higher Techniques, Page-284)
(XeO3)
yield of NO. According to Le Chatelier’s Nitrogen, sulphur, halogens and
F
Principle, increasing the concentration of phosphorus present in an organic
..

reactants (i.e., N2 and O2 ) will shift the compound are detected by Lassaigne’s
Xe equilibrium to the right, producing more test. Hence, the given below reactions
..

NO. belong to the Lassaigne’s test:

..

44. (a) (NCERT XII, Part-1, Ch- Chemical ∆

Na + C + N → NaCN

F Kinetics, Page-73)
(XeF2) ∆
2Na + S → Na2S

For first order reaction,

Therefore, the correct order with ∆
number of lone pairs on central atom is: [ A]0 Na + X → Na X

kt = 2.303log
XeF2 (3 lp) > XeF4 (2 lp) > XeO3 (1 lp) [ A]t (X = Cl, Br or I)

Download for Free PDF's

 R
TE

4
P

Chemical Bonding and

CHA

Molecular Structure

8. The sequence of ionic mobility in aqueous solution is:

[MR] (2008)
Covalent Bond, Electrovalent Bond, a. Na+ > K+ > Rb+ > Cs+ b. K+ > Na+ > Rb+ > Cs+
Lattice Enthalpy and Octet Rule c. Cs+ > Rb+ > K+ > Na+ d. Rb+ > K+ > Cs+ > Na+
9. The table shown below gives the bond dissociation energies
1. Amongst the following, the total number of species NOT (Ediss) for single covalent bonds of carbon atoms with element
having eight electrons around central atom in its outer most A, B, C and D. Which element has the smallest atoms? (1994)
shell, is: NH3, AlCl3, BeCl2, CCl4, PCl5 [MR] (2023) Bond Ediss (kJ mol–1)
a. 1 b. 3 C–A 240

c. 2 d. 4 C–B 328
C–C 276
2. Which of the following species contains equal number of
C–D 485
s and p-bonds?[MR] (2015 Re)
a. C b. D
a. (CN)2 b. (CH)2(CN)2
c. A d. B
c. HCO3– d. XeO4
10. Among the following, which compound will show the highest
3. Which one of the following molecules contains no p bond? lattice energy? (1993)
 (2013) a. KF b. NaF
a. SO2 b. NO2 c. CsF d. RbF
c. CO2 d. H2O 11. Which one of the following is the correct order of interactions?
4. Which of the following is electron-deficient? (2013)  (1993)
a. Covalent < hydrogen bonding < Van Der Waals’ < dipole-
a. (CH3)2 b. (SiH3)2 dipole
c. (BH3)2 d. PH3 b. Van Der Waals’ < hydrogen bonding < dipole < covalent
5. In the replacement reaction c. Van Der Waals’ < dipole-dipole < hydrogen bonding <
covalent
d. Dipole-dipole < Van Der Waals’ < hydrogen bonding <
Cl covalent.
12. Which one of the following formulae does not correctly represent
the bonding capacities of the two atoms involved? (1990)
The reaction will be most favorable if M happens to be:
H +
 (2012 Mains)
a. Li b. Na a. H P H b. F F
c. K d. Rb O
H
6. Which of the following compounds has the lowest melting O O
point? (2011 Pre) c. O N d. H C C
a. CaF2 b. CaCl2 O H O H
c. CaBr2 d. CaI2 13. Which of the following does not apply to metallic bond?
 (1989)
7. Among the following which one has the highest cation to a. Overlapping valence orbitals
anion size ratio? [MR] (2010 Mains) b. Mobile valence electrons
a. CsI b. CsF c. Delocalized electrons
c. LiF d. NaF d. Highly directed bonds
24 Chapter & Topicwise NEET PYQ's

21. Which of the following set of molecules will have zero dipole
moment?[MR] (2020)
Bond Parameters and Dipole Moment
a. Boron trifluoride, hydrogen fluoride, carbon dioxide,
1, 3-dichlorobenzene
14. Which of the following molecules has “NON ZERO” dipole b. Nitrogen trifluoride, beryllium difluoride, water 1,
moment value? (2024 Re) 3-dichlorobenzzene
a. CCl4 b. HI c. Boron trifluoride, beryllium difluoride, carbon dioxide,
c. CO2 d. BF3 1,4-dichlorobenzene
d. Ammonia, beryllium difluoride, water, 1, 4-dichlorobenzene
15. Arrange the following compounds in increasing order of
their solubilities in chloroform: 22. Which one of the following pair of species have the same
bond order? [MR] (2017-Delhi)
NaCl, CH3OH, cyclohexane, CH3CN (2024 Re)
a. N 2 ,O −2 b. CO, NO
a. NaCl < CH3CN < CH3OH < Cyclohexane
c. O2, NO +
d. CN–, CO
b. CH3OH < CH3CN < NaCl < Cyclohexane
23. Consider the molecules CH4, NH3 and H2O. Which of the
c. NaCl < CH3OH < CH3CN < Cyclohexane
given statement is false? (2016 - I)
d. Cyclohexane <CH3CN < CH3OH < NaCl
a. The H─C─H bond angle in CH4 is larger than the H─N─H
16. Match List-I with List-II: (2024 Re) bond angle in NH3
b. The H─C─H bond angle in CH4, the H─N─H bond angle
List-I List-II
in NH3, and the H─O─H bond angle in H2O are all greater
Molecule Bond enthalpy (kJmol–1)
than 90º.
A. HCl 1. 435.8
c. Then H─O─H bond angle in H2O is larger than the
B. II. 498 H─C─H bond angle in CH4
N2
d. The H─O─H bond angle in H2O is smaller than the
C. H2 III. 946.0 H─N─H bond angle in NH3

D. IV. 431.0
24. Which of the following molecules has the maximum dipole
O2 moment? (2014)
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: a. CH4 b. NH3 c. NF3 d. CO2
a. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II 25. Which of the following structures is the most preferred and
b. A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II hence of lowest energy for SO3? (2011 Mains)
c. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I O
d. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II a. b. c. d. S

O
17. Identify the correct answer. (2024)

O
a. Dipole moment of NF3 is greater than that of NH3. 26. The correct order of increasing bond length of
b. Three canonical forms can be drawn for CO32– ion C ─ H, C ─ O, C ─ C and C ═ C is: [MR] (2011 Pre)
c. Three resonance structures can be drawn for ozone. a. C ─ H < C ─ O < C ─ C < C ═ C
d. BF3 has non-zero dipole moment.
b. C ─ H < C ═ C < C ─ O < C ─ C
18. The correct order of dipole moments for molecules NH3, c. C ─ C < C ═ C < C ─ O < C ─ H
H2S, CH4 and HF, is: (2023-Manipur)
d. C ─ O < C ─ H < C ─ C < C ═ C
a. CH4 > H2S > NH3 > HF b. H2S > NH3 > HF > CH4
27. The correct order of increasing bond angles in the following
c. NH3 > HF > CH4 > H2S d. HF > NH3 > H2S > CH4
species is: (2010 Pre)
19. The correct order of bond angles in the following compounds/
species is: [MR] (2022 Re) a. Cl2O < ClO2 < ClO -2 b. ClO2 < Cl2O < ClO -2
+
a. CO2 < NH3 < H2O < NH4 c. Cl2O < ClO -2 < ClO2 d. ClO -2 < Cl2O < ClO2
+
b. H2O <NH3 < NH4 < CO2 28. In the case of alkali metals, the covalent character decreases
+
in the order: (2009)
c. H2O <NH4 < NH3 < CO2 a. MF > MCl > MBr > MI b. MF > MCl > MI > MBr
+
d. H2O < NH4 = NH3 < CO2 c. MI > MBr > MCl > MF d. MCl > MI > MBr > MF

20. Which of the following molecules is non-polar in nature? 29. The correct order of increasing bond angles in the following
triatomic species is: (2008)
 (2021)
a. CH2O b. SbCl5 a. NO +2 < NO −2 < NO 2 b. NO −2 < NO 2+ < NO 2
c. NO2 d. POCl3 c. NO −2 < NO 2 < NO +2 d. NO +2 < NO 2 < NO −2
 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 25

30. The correct order of C–O bond length among: CO, CO32 –, 40. Which of the following molecule does not possess a
CO2 is: (2007) permanent dipole moment? (1994)
a. CO < CO3 < CO2
2 –
b. CO3 < CO2 < CO
2 –
a. CS2 b. SO3
c. CO < CO2 < CO32 – d. CO2< CO32 – < CO c. H2S d. SO2
31. The electronegativity difference between N and F is greater 41. Which one of the following has the shortest carbon carbon
than that between N and H yet the dipole moment of NH3
bond length? (1992)
(1.5 D) is larger than that of NF3 (0.2 D). This is because: (2006)
a. Benzene b. Ethene
a. In NH3 as well as in NF3, the atomic dipole and bond
dipole are in the same direction c. Ethyne d. Ethane
b. In NH3, the atomic dipole and bond dipole are in the same 42. In compound X, all the bond angles are exactly 109°28ʹ, X is:
direction whereas in NF3 these are in opposite directions  (1991)
c. In NH3, as well as NF3 the atomic dipole and bond dipole a. Chloromethane b. Carbon tetrachloride
are in opposite directions
c. Iodoform d. Chloroform
d. In NH3, the atomic dipole and bond dipole are in the
opposite directions whereas, in NF3 these are in the same 43. Among LiCl, BeCl2, BCl3 and CCl4, the covalent bond
directions character follows the order: [MR] (1990)
32. The correct sequence of increasing covalent character is a. BeCl2 > BC13 > CC14 < LiCl
represented by: (2005) b. BeCl2 < BC13 < CC14 < LiCl
a. LiCl < NaCl < BeCl2 b. BeCl2< NaCl < LiCl c. LiCl < BeCl2 < BC13 < CC14
c. NaCl < LiCl < BeCl2 d. BeCl2< LiCl < NaCl d. LiCl > BeCl2 > BC13 > CC14
33. Which of the following would have a permanent dipole 44. H2O has a net dipole moment while BeF2 has zero dipole
moment? (2005) moment because: (1989)
a. BF3 b. SiF4 c. SF4 d. XeF4 a. H2O molecule is linear while BeF2 is bent
34. The correct order in which the O—O bond length increases b. BeF2 molecule is linear while H2O is bent
in the following is: (2005) c. Fluorine has more electronegativity than oxygen
a. H2O2 < O2 < O3 b. O3 < H2O2 < O2 d. Beryllium has more electronegativity than oxygen
c. O2 < O3 < H2O2 d. O2 < H2O2 < O3
35. H2O is dipolar, whereas BeF2 is not. It is because (2004)
a. H2O involves hydrogen bonding whereas BeF2 is a
VSEPR Theory
discrete molecule
b. H2O is linear and BeF2 is angular 45. Match List I with List II. (2024)
c. H2O is angular and BeF2 is linear List I List II
d. The electronegativity of F is greater than that of O (Compound) (Shape/geometry)
36. Which of the following statements is not correct for
sigma- and pi-bonds formed between two carbon atoms? A. NH3 I. Trigonal Pyramidal
 (2003) B. BrF5 II. Square Planar
a. Sigma-bond is stronger than a pi-bond
C. XeF4 III. Octahedral
b. Bond energies of sigma- and pi-bonds are of the order of
264 kJ/mol and 347 kJ/mol, respectively D. SF6 IV. Square Pyramidal
c. Free rotation of atoms about a sigma bond is allowed but
not in case of a pi-bond Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
d. Sigma-bond determines the direction between carbon a. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II b. A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
atoms but a pi-bond has no primary effect in this regard c. A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III d. A-II, B-IV, C-III, D-I
37. In PO43– ion, the formal charge on each oxygen atom and P-O 46. Match List - I with List - II: (2022 Re)
bond order respectively are: (1998)
List-I List-II
a. –0.75, 0.6 b. –0.75, 1.0 (molecules) (shape)
c. –0.75, 1.25 d. –3, 1.25
A. NH3 I. square pyramidal
38. The bond length between hybridized carbon atom and other
B. ClF3 II. trigonal bipyramidal
carbon atom is minimum in (1996)
a. Propene b. Propyne c. Propane d. Butane C. PCl5 III. trigonal pyramidal
39. The correct order of the O – O bond length in O2, H2O2 and D. BrF5 IV. T-shape
O3 is: (1995) Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
a. O2 > H2O2 > O3 b. H2O2 > O3 > O2 a. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II b. A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
c. O2 > O3 > H2O2 d. O3 > H2O2 > O2 c. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I d. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
26 Chapter & Topicwise NEET PYQ's

47. Amongst the following, which one will have maximum ‘lone 55. Maximum bond angle at nitrogen is present in which of the
pair-lone pair’ electron repulsions?[MR] (2022) following? (2015)
a. XeF2 b. ClF3 a. NO2 +
b. NO3 –
c. NO2 d. NO2 –

c. IF5 d. SF4 56. In which of the following pairs, both the species are not
48. Match List-I with List-II. isostructural?  (2015)
List-I List-II a. Diamond, Silicon carbide
b. NH3, PH3
(A) PCl5 (i) Square pyramidal
c. XeF4, XeO4
(B) SF6 (ii) Trigonal planar d. SiCl4, PCl4+
(C) BrF5 (iii) Octahedral 57. Which of the following pairs of ions are isoelectronic and
(D) BF3 (iv) Trigonal bipyramidal isostructural?[MR] (2015)
Choose the correct answer from the options given below. a. SO32– , NO3– b. ClO3– , SO32–
[MR] (2021) c. CO3 , SO3
2– 2–
d. ClO3– , CO32–
a. A-ii B-iii C-iv D-i 58. Which one of the following species has planar triangular
shape? (2014)
b. A-iii B-i C-iv D-ii
a. NO3– b. NO2– c. CO2 d. N3–
c. A-iv B-iii C-ii D-i
59. Which of the following is a polar molecule? (2013)
d. A-iv B-iii C-i D-ii
a. BF3 b. SF4 c. SiF4 d. XeF4
49. Identify the wrongly matched pair. (2020-Covid)
60. XeF2 is isostructural with (2013)
Molecule Shape or geometry of molecule
a. SbCl3 b. BaCl2 c. TeF2 d. ICl2 –

a. SF6 Octahedral
61. Which one of the following pairs is iso-structural (i.e., having
b. BeCl2 Linear the same shape and hybridization)? (2012 Pre)
c. NH3 Trigonal pyramidal a. [BF4– and NH4+ ] b. [BCl3 and BaCl3]
d. PCl5 Trigonal planar c. [NH3 and NO3– ] d. [NF3 and BF3]
62. Which of the following species contains three bond pairs and
50. Identify the incorrect statement related to PCl5 from the one lone pair around the central atom? (2012)
following:  (2019)
a. H2O b. BF3 c. NH2– d. PCl3
a. Three equatorial P-Cl bonds make an angle of 120° with
each other 63. The angular shape of molecule (O3) consists of: (2008)
b. Two axial P-Cl bonds make an angle of 180° with each other a. 2 sigma and 1 pi bond b. 1 sigma and 2 pi bonds
c. Axial P-Cl bonds are longer than equatorial P-Cl bonds c. 2 sigma and 2 pi bonds d. 1 sigma and 1 pi bond
d. PCl5 molecule is non-reactive 64. In which of the following pairs, the two species are iso-
structural? (2007)
51. The species, having bond angles of 120° is (2017-Delhi)
a. BCl3 b. PH3 c. ClF3 d. NCl3 a. SO32– and NO3– b. BF3 and NF3
c. BrO3– and XeO3 d. SF4 and XeF4
52. Among the following which one is a wrong statement?
[MR] (2016 - II) 65. In which of the following molecules, all the bonds are not
equal? (2006)
a. SeF4 and CH4 have same shape
b. I3+ has bent geometry a. NF3 b. ClF3 c. BF3 d. AlF3
c. PH5 and BiCl5 do not exist 66. Which of the following is not iso-structural with SiCl4?
d. pp - dp bonds are present in SO2 (2006)

53. Which of the following pairs of ions is isoelectronic and a. SCl4 b. SO42 – c. PO43 – d. NH4–
isostructural? (2016-II) 67. Which of the following is not a correct statement? (2006)
a. CO3 , NO3
2– –
b. ClO3 , CO3
– 2– a. The electron-deficient molecules can act as Lewis acids
c. SO32– , NO3– d. ClO3– , SO32– b. The canonical structures have no real existence
c. Every AB5molecule does in fact have square pyramid
54. Predict the correct order among the following: (2016 - I) structure
a. Lone pair ─ bond pair > bond pair ─ bond pair > d. Multiple bonds are always shorter than corresponding
lone pair ─ lone pair single bonds
b. Lone pair ─ lone pair > lone pair ─ bond pair > 68. Which of the following species has a linear shape? (2006)
bond pair ─ bond pair
c. Lone pair ─ lone pair > bond pair ─ bond pair > a. NO2– b. SO2 c. NO2+ d. O3
lone pair ─ bond pair 69. Which of the following molecules has trigonal planar
d. Bond pair ─ bond pair > lone pair ─ bond pair > geometry? (2005)
lone pair ─ lone pair a. IF3 b. PCl3 c. NH3 d. BF3

Download for Free PDF's

 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 27

70. Among the following, the pair in which the two species are 81. How many (i) sp2 hybridised carbon atoms and (ii) π bonds
not isostructural is: (2004) are present in the following compound? (2020-Covid)
a. IO3− and XeO3 b. BH −4 and NH +4
c. PF6 and SF6
−
d. SiF4 and SF4
71. In a regular octahedral molecule, MX6 the number of X–M–X a. 8, 6 b. 7, 6 c. 8, 5 d. 7, 5
bonds at 180° is: (2004) 82. The potential energy (y) curve for H2 formation as a function
a. Two b. Six c. Four d. Three of internuclear distance (x) of the H atoms is shown below.
 (2020-Covid)
72. In BrF3 molecule, the lone pairs occupy equatorial positions
to minimize: [MR] (2004)
a. Bond pair-bond pair repulsion only
b. Lone pair-lone pair repulsion and lone pair-bond pair
repulsion
c. Lone pair-lone pair repulsion only
d. Lone pair-bond pair repulsion only The bond energy of H2 is
73. In NO3– ion, number of bond pair and lone pair of electrons (c− a) (b − a)
a. b. c. (c – a) d. (b – a)
on nitrogen atom are: (2002) 2 2
a. 2, 2 b. 3, 1 c. 1, 3 d. 4, 0 83. The hybridisation of atomic orbitals of nitrogen in NO2+, NO3–
74. Which of the following is iso-electronic? (2002) and NH4+ respectively are: [MR] (2016-II)

a. CO2 , NO2 b. NO ,CO 2

− a. sp, sp3 and sp2 b. sp2, sp3 and sp
2

c. CN–, CO d. SO2, CO2 c. sp, sp2 and sp3 d. sp2, sp and sp3
75. In which of the following, bond angle is maximum? 84. In which of the following molecules, all atoms are coplanar?
[MR] (2001)  (2016 - II)
a. NH3 b. NH +4 c. PCl3 d. SCl2 a. b.
76. Which of the following two species in the pair are
isostructural? (2001)
a. XeF2, IF2– b. NH3, BF3
c. CO32–, SO32– d. PCl5, ICl5 c. d.
77. BCl3 is a planar molecule whereas NCl3 is pyramidal because:
 (1995)
a. Nitrogen atom is smaller than boron atom
b. BCl3 has no lone pair but NCl3 has a lone pair of electrons 85. The correct geometry and hybridization for XeF4 are 
c. B-Cl bond is more polar than N-Cl bond  (2016 - II)
d. N-Cl bond is more covalent than B-Cl bond a. Octahedral, sp3d2 b. Trigonal bipyramidal, sp3d
78. Which structure is linear? (1992) c. Planar triangle, sp3d3 d. Square planar, sp3d2
a. SO2 b. CO2 c. CO 2−
d. SO 2− 86. Which of the following organic compounds has same
3 4
hybridisation as its combustion product (CO2)? (2014)
a. Ethyne b. Ethene
Valence Bond Theory, Hybridisation c. Ethanol d. Ethane
87. Considering the state of hybridisation of carbon atoms, find
out the molecule among the following which is linear?
79. Identify the incorrect statement about PCl5. (2024 Re)  (2011 Pre)
a. PCl5 possesses two different Cl – P – Cl bond angles a. CH3 — CH2 — CH2— CH3
b. All five P – Cl bonds are identical in length b. CH3 — CH = CH— CH3
c. PCl5 exhibits sp3d hybridisation c. CH3 — C ≡ C — CH3
d. CH2 = CH— CH2— C ≡ CH
d. PCl5 consists of five P – Cl (sigma) bonds
88. Which of the two ions from the list given below have the
80. BF3 is planar and electron deficient compound. Hybridization
geometry that is explained by the same hybridisation of orbitals?
and number of electrons around the central atom, respectively
are: (2021)
NO2– , NO3– , NH2–, NH4+, SCN– [MR] (2011 Pre)
a. sp3 and 6 b. sp2 and 6 a. NO2– and NH2– b. NO2– and NO3–
c. sp2 and 8 d. sp3 and 4 c. NH4+ and NO3– d. SCN– and NH2–
28 Chapter & Topicwise NEET PYQ's

89. Some of the properties of the two species, NO3– and H3O+ are 99. The structure and hybridisation of Si(CH3)4 is: (1996)
described below. Which one of them is correct? a. Octahedral, sp3d b. Tetrahedral, sp3
 (2010 Mains) c. Bent, sp d. Trigonal, sp2
a. Dissimilar in hybridisation for the central atom with 100. Which of the following has sp2 hybridisation? (1996)
different structures a. BeCl2 b. C2H2
b. Isostructural with same hybridisation for the central atom c. C2H6 d. C2H4
c. Isostructural with different hybridisation for the central 101. The complex ion [Co(NH3)6]3+ is formed by sp3d2
atom hybridisation. Hence the ion should possess: (1990)
d. Similar in hybridisation for the central atom with different a. Octahedral geometry b. Tetrahedral geometry
structures c. Square planar geometry d. Tetragonal geometry.
90. In which of the following molecules, the central atom does 102. Which statement is NOT correct? [MR] (1990)
not have sp3 hybridisation? (2010 Mains) a. A sigma bond is weaker than a pi bond.
a. CH4 b. SF4 c. BF4– d. NH4+ b. A sigma bond is stronger than a pi bond.
91. In which one of the following species, the central atom has c. A double bond is stronger than a single bond.
the type of hybridisation which is not the same as that present d. A double bond is shorter than a single bond.
in the other three? (2010 Pre) 103. Linear combination of two hybridised orbitals belonging
a. PCl5 b. SF4 c. I3− d. SbCl52 − to two atoms and each having one electron leads to the
formation of: (1990)
92. In which of the following pairs of molecules/ions, the central a. Sigma bond
atoms have sp2 hybridisation? (2010 Pre) b. Double bond
a. NH −2 and H 2O b. NO −2 and H 2O c. Co-ordinate covalent bond
c. BF3 and NO 2− d. NO −2 and NH −2 d. Pi bond
93. In which of the following molecules/ions BF3, NO2– , NH2– 104. Which of the following molecule does not have a linear
and H2O, the central atom is sp2 hybridised? (2009) arrangement of atoms? (1989)
a. H2S b. C2H2 c. BeH2 d. CO2
a. NH 2 and H2O
−
b. NO 2 and H2O
−

105. In which one of the following molecules, the central atom

c. BF3 and NO −2 d. NO −2 and NH −2 can be said to adopt sp2 hybridisation? (1989)
a. BeF2 b. BF3 c. C2H2 d. NH3
94. The state of hybridisation of C2 , C3 , C5 and C6 of the
106. The angle between the overlapping of one s-orbital and one
hydrocarbon,
p-orbital is: (1988)
a. 180° b. 120° c. 109.28° d. 120°– 60°
107. Equilateral shape has: (1988)
a. sp hybridisation b. sp2 hybridisation
c. sp3 hybridisation d. dsp3 hybridisation.
is in the following sequence: (2009)
a. sp , sp , sp and sp
3 2 2
b. sp, sp , sp and sp
2 2 3

c. sp, sp2, sp3 and sp2 d. sp, sp3, sp2 and sp3 MOT, Bonding in Some
95. The correct order regarding the electronegativity of hybrid Homonuclear Diatomic Molecules
orbitals of carbon is: [MR] (2006)
a. sp > sp2 < sp3 b. sp > sp2 > sp3 108. The correct order of energies of molecular orbitals of N2
c. sp < sp2 > sp3 d. sp < sp2 < sp3 molecule is: [MR] (2023)
96. Which of the following has pπ-dπ bonding? (2002) a. σ1s < σ*1s < σ2s < σ* 2s < ( π2p x = π2p y )
a. NO3– b. SO32–
c. BO33– d. CO32– < ( π* 2p x = π* 2p y ) < σ2p z < σ* 2p z

97. Nitrogen form N2, but phosphorous form P2, but after some b. σ1s < σ*1s < σ2s < σ* 2s < ( π2p x = π2p y ) <
time convert in P4, reason is: (2001)
a. Triple bond present between phosphorous atom σ2p z < ( π* 2p x = π* 2p y ) < σ* 2p z
b. pπ – pπ bonding is weak
c. σ1s < σ*1s < σ2s < σ* 2s < σ2p z <
c. pπ – pπ binding is strong
d. Multiple bond form easily ( π2p x = π2p y ) < ( π* 2p x = π* 2p y ) < σ* 2p z
98. dπ – pπ bond is present in: (2000) d. σ1s < σ*1s < σ2s < σ* 2s < σ2p z <
a. CO32- b. PO34-
σ* 2p z < ( π2p x =π2p y ) < ( π* 2p x =π* 2p y )
c. NO-3 d. NO-2
 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 29

109. Which one of the following statements is incorrect related to 120. The pair of species with the same bond order is: (2012 Pre)
Molecular Orbital Theory? (2023-Manipur) a. N2, O2 b. O22–, B2 c. O2+, NO+ d. NO, CO
a. The p* antibonding molecular orbital has a node between 121. Bond order of 1.5 is shown by: (2012 Pre)
the nuclei. a. O2 b. O2+ c. O–2 d. O22–
b. In the formation of bonding molecular orbital, the two 122. The pair of species of oxygen and their magnetic behaviours
election waves of the bonding atoms reinforce each other. are noted below. Which of the following given represents the
c. Molecular orbitals obtained from 2Px and 2Py orbitals are correct description? (2011 Mains)
symmetrical around the bond axis. a. O2+, O2 – Both paramagnetic
d. A p-bonding molecular orbital has lager electron density b. O, O22– – Both paramagnetic
above and below the internuclear axis. c. O2–, O22– – Both diamagnetic
110. Which amongst the following is incorrect statement  d. O+, O22– – Both paramagnetic
[MR] (2022) 123. Which of the following has the minimum bond length? (2011 Pre)
a. O+2 ion is diamagnetic. a. O2 b. O2+ c. O2– d. O22–
b. The bond orders of O+2, O2, O–2 and O2–
2
are 2.5, 2, 1.5 and 124. Which one of the following species does not exist under
1, respectively normal conditions? (2010 Pre)
c. C2 molecule has four electrons in its two degenerate p a. Li2 b. Be +2 c. Be2 d. B2
molecular orbitals. 125. According to MO theory, which of the following lists ranks
d. H+2 ion has one electron. the nitrogen species in terms of increasing bond order?
111. Identify a molecule which does not exist. (2020)  (2009)
a. N 2 < N 2 < N 2
2− −
b. N 2 < N 2 < N 2
2− −
a. Li2 b. C2 c. O2 d. He2
112. Which of the following diatomic molecular species has only c. N −2 < N 22 − < N 2 d. N −2 < N 2 < N 22 −
π bonds according to Molecular Orbital Theory?  (2019) 126. Four diatomic species are listed below in different sequences.
a. O2 b. N2 c. C2 d. Be2 Which of these presents the correct order of their increasing
bond order? [MR] (2008)
113. Consider the following species: (2018)
CN+, CN–, NO and CN a. He +2 < O −2 < NO < C 22 − b. O 2  NO  C22  He2
Which one of these will have the highest bond order? c. NO < C 22 − < O −2 < He +2 d. C22   He 2  NO  O 2
a. NO b. CN– c. CN d. CN+
+ 2– 127. The number of unpaired electrons in a paramagnetic diatomic
114. Decreasing order of stability of O2 , O2– , O2 and O2 is:
molecule of an element with atomic number 16 is: (2006)
 (2015 Re)
+ + – 2– a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 1
a. O2– > O22– > O2 > O2 b. O2 > O2 > O2 > O2
– + + 2– –
128. Which one of the following oxides is expected to exhibit
c. O22– > O2 > O2 > O2 d. O2 > O2 > O2 > O2 paramagnetic behaviour? (2005)
115. Which of the following options represents the correct bond a. CO2 b. SO2 c. ClO2 d. SiO2
order? (2015)
129. Main axis of a diatomic molecule is z, molecular orbital px and
a. O2– < O2 < O2+ b. O2– > O2 < O2+
+ + py overlaps to form, which of the following orbital? (2001)
c. O2– < O2 > O2 d. O2– > O2 > O2
a. π molecular orbital b. σ molecular orbital
116. The correct bond order in the following species is: (2015)
–
a. O22+ < O2 < O2
+ –
b. O22+ < O2 < O2
+ c. δ molecular orbital d. No bond will form
+ – 130. Which species does not exhibits paramagnetism? (2000)
c. O2– < O2+ < O22+ d. O22+ < O2 < O2
117. Which of the following is paramagnetic? (2013) a. N 2 +
b. O 2 –
c. CO d. NO
131. Correct order of dissociation energy of N2 and N2+ is: (2000)
a. CO b. O −2 c. CN– d. NO+
118. Four diatomic species are listed below. Identify the correct a. N 2 > N+2 b. N 2 = N+2
order in which the bond order is increasing in them: +
c. N2 > N2 d. None
[MR] (2012 Mains)
132. Which one is not paramagnetic among the following?
a. He2+ < O2– < NO < C22– b. NO < O2– < C22– < He2+ (Atomic number : Be = 4, Ne = 10, As = 33, Cl = 17)(1998)
c. O2– < NO < C22– < He2+ d. C22– < He2+ < O2– < NO a. Cl– b. Be+ c. Ne2+ d. As+
119. During change of O2 to O −2 ion, the electron adds on which 133. The number of anti-bonding electrons pairs in O22– molecular
one of the following orbitals? (2012 Mains) ion on the basis of molecular orbital theory is (atomic no. of
a. π* orbital b. π orbital O is 8): (1998)
c. σ* orbital d. σ orbital a. 3 b. 2 c. 5 d. 4
 30 Chapter & Topicwise NEET PYQ's

134. N2 and O2 are converted into monocations, N2+ and O2+

respectively. Which is wrong? (1997) Hydrogen Bonding
a. In O2+ paramagnetism decreases.
b. N2+ becomes diamagnetic. 139. Intramolecular hydrogen bonding is present in (2024)
c. In N2+ , the N–N bond weakens. NO2
d. In O , the O–O bond order increases.
+
2
a. b. HF
135. N2 and O2 are converted into monoanions, N −2 and O −2
respectively, which of the following statements is wrong? HO
a. In O2 , bond length increases
–
[MR ] (1997)
 NO2 NO2
c. d.
b. N2– becomes diamagnetic
OH HO
c. In N2– , then N–N bond weakens
d. In O2– , the O–O bond order decreases 140. Which one of the following compounds shows the presence
of intramolecular hydrogen bond? (2016 - II)
136. Which of the following species is paramagnetic? (1995) a. Cellulose b. Concentrated acetic acid
a. CO b. CN –
c. O 2−
2 d. NO c. H2O2 d. HCN
137. The ground state electronic configuration of valence shell 141. In X – H– – –Y, X and Y both are electronegative elements:
electrons in nitrogen molecule (N2) is written as σ2s2, σ*2s2, (2001)
π2px2 = π2py2 σ2pz2 a. Electron density on X will increase and on H will decrease
b. In both electron density will increase
Hence the bond order in nitrogen molecule is: (1995)
c. In both electron density will decrease
a. 2 b. 3 d. On X electron density will decrease and on H increases
c. 0 d. 1 142. Strongest hydrogen bond is shown by: (1992)
138. Which of the following molecules has the highest bond a. Water b. Ammonia
order? (1994) c. Hydrogen fluoride d. Hydrogen sulphide
143. Which one shows maximum hydrogen bonding?[MR] (1990)
a. O −2 b. O2 a. H2O b. H2Se
c. O +
2 d. O 22 − c. H2S d. HF

Answer Key
1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (d) 4. (c) 5. (d) 6. (d) 7. (b) 8. (c) 9. (b) 10. (b)
11. (b) 12. (d) 13. (d) 14. (b) 15. (c) 16. (d) 17. (b) 18. (d) 19. (b) 20. (b)
21. (c) 22. (d) 23. (c) 24. (b) 25. (d) 26. (b) 27. (d) 28. (c) 29. (c) 30. (c)
31. (b) 32. (c) 33. (c) 34. (c) 35. (c) 36. (b) 37. (c) 38. (b) 39. (b) 40. (a)
41. (c) 42. (b) 43. (c) 44. (b) 45. (c) 46. (c) 47. (a) 48. (d) 49. (d) 50. (d)
51. (a) 52. (a) 53. (a, d) 54. (b) 55. (a) 56. (c) 57. (b) 58. (a) 59. (b) 60. (d)
61. (a) 62. (d) 63. (a) 64. (c) 65. (b) 66. (a) 67. (c) 68. (c) 69. (d) 70. (d)
71. (d) 72. (c) 73. (d) 74. (c) 75. (b) 76. (a) 77. (b) 78. (b) 79. (b) 80. (b)
81. (b) 82. (d) 83. (c) 84. (c) 85. (a) 86. (a) 87. (c) 88. (b) 89. (a) 90. (b)
91. (d) 92. (c) 93. (c) 94. (d) 95. (b) 96. (b) 97. (b) 98. (b) 99. (b) 100. (d)
101. (a) 102. (a) 103. (a) 104. (a) 105. (b) 106. (a) 107. (b) 108. (b) 109. (c) 110. (a)
111. (d) 112. (c) 113. (b) 114. (b) 115. (a) 116. (c) 117. (b) 118. (a) 119. (a) 120. (b)
121. (c) 122. (a) 123. (b) 124. (c) 125. (a) 126. (a) 127. (a) 128. (c) 129. (a) 130. (c)
131. (a) 132. (a) 133. (d) 134. (b) 135. (b) 136. (d) 137. (b) 138. (c) 139. (c) 140. (a)
141. (a) 142. (c) 143. (a)
 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 31

Explanations
1. (b) AlCl3, BeCl2 and PCl5 does not obey
CaI2 has the lowest melting point with the
CO2 O=C=O 0
octet rule. most covalent character and lowest lattice
AlCl3 and BeCl2 both are electron- energy. F
deficient species having six electrons in 7. (b) Caesium Fluoride (CsF) have largest
valence shell of central atom whereas cation to anion ratio as Cs+ being the BF3 B 0
PCl5 has ten electrons in valence shell of biggest cation and F─ being the smallest
phosphorous. anion, among their groups. F F

The structures are : 8. (c) The alkali metal ion exist as hydrated
Cl
ion M+ (H2O)n in aqueous solution. With 15. (c) Since, CHCl3 is a non polar covalent
AlCl3 → Al decrease in ionic size, degree of hydration compound, covalent (non-polar)
Cl Cl increases hence, Na+ is mostly hydrated. compounds exhibit higher solubility
BeCl2  Cl Be Cl Since mobility of ion is inversely in it. However, as the dipole moment
Cl proportional to size of their hydrated ion, of the solute increases, solubility in
hence increasing order of ionic mobility is:
PCl5 →
Cl chloroform decreases. Therefore, the
P Cs+ > Rb+ > K+ > Na+
increasing order of solubility is;
Cl Cl 9. (b) Smaller the atom, stronger is the bond
Cl
and greater the bond dissociation energy. NaCl < CH3OH < CH3CN <
2. (d) (CN)2, N ≡ C – C ≡ N (3s + 4p)
Therefore, the bond C–D has the greatest Cyclohexane
energy and hence has the smallest atoms.
10. (b) Compounds that contain ions of same 16. (d) The correct match is; A-IV, B-III,
charge, lattice energy increases as the size C-I, D-II
(6s + 4p) of ions decreases. Since anion is same in all,
Molecule Bond enthalpy (kJ
therefore, size of cation will be checked.
(4s + 1p) mol–1)
The correct order for the size of cation is:
Cs+ < Rb+ < K+ < Na+ HCl 431.0
Hence, NaF has highest lattice energy.

N2 946.0
(4s + 4p) 11. (b) The strength of interaction follows the
order:

Van der Waals < hydrogen-bond < dipole- H2 435.8
3. (d) The structures of the given species are: dipole < covalent.
It is so because bond length of H-bond O2 498
is larger than that of a covalent bond.
Also, covalent bond is strongest because, 17. (b)
S
the greater the extent of overlapping, the • Dipole Moment:
O O
+
stronger is the bond formed.
N O
– N N
O O 12. (d) H C C* O H H H
µ
F net
F
O==C==O The asterisk (*) marked carbon has a µnet H F
The above structures clearly indicate the valency of 5 and hence, this formula is not (µ = 4.9×10–30 C m) (µ = 0.8×10–30 C m)
presence of pi-bond. correct because carbon has a maximum • CO32− has three canonical forms.
According to the structure of water, it valency of 4. O O O
contains only sigma bonds. 13. (d) Metallic bonds have electrostatic C C C
4. (c) Electron-deficient species are those O O O O O O
attraction on all sides and hence do not
which have electrons less than 8 in their have directional characteristics. • Two resonating structures can be drawn
valence shell.
for ozone.
Among the 4 options, (CH3)2 , (SiH3)2 and 14. (b) The dipole moment of a molecule
PH3 all have complete octets with 8e─ .
is influenced by both its shape and O O
But BH3 has only 6e─ and act as a Lewis
polarity of bond. A dipole moment O O O O
acid.
5. (d) For the reaction depends on the charge, distance, • BF3 has trigonal planar structures. Its net
electronegativity and shape. dipole moment is Zero.
F
Molecule Shape m(Debye)
The reaction will be faster with Rb B
Cl
because lattice energy of RbF is less than F F
LiF, NaF, KF due to large size of Rb+
CCl4 C 0 µ = Zero
6. (d) According to Fajan’s Rule, the smaller Cl
Cl
the cation and the larger the anion, the 18. (d) HF has the highest dipole moment
greater the covalent character of the ionic Cl due to highest electronegativity
bond. And, more the covalent character, HF > NH3 > H2S > CH4
HI H–I 0.38
less will be the melting point. (Non-polar)

Download for Free PDF's

32 Chapter & Topicwise NEET PYQ's

19. (b) CO2 (Bond angle = 180°) H 27. (d) In ClO2– there are 2 l.p of electrons
present on the central chlorine atom which

— —
+
NH 4 (Bond angle = 109.5°) C—
— repel each other due to which two oxygen
NH3 (Bond angle = 107°)   (N atom H H atoms come closer leading to decrease
has one lone pair) H
in bond angle. Therefore, the bond angle
H2O → (Bond angle = 104.5°) NH3 – sp3 hybridised, bond angle – 107o
in ClO2– is less than 118° which is bond
due to presence of one lone pair.
(oxygen atom has two lone pairs) angle in ClO2 containing less number of
Due to lone pair- lone pair replulsions, electrons on chlorine.
the bond angle in water decreases more in ClO2– < Cl2O < ClO2
comparison to NH3. 110° 111° 117°
20. (b) Among the given options, only SbCl5 28. (c) Covalency depends on 2 criteria – first
is non-polar in nature, rest other are polar the charge on the ionic species, (Charge
in nature. H2O – sp3 – bent shaped, bond angle -
104o5ʹ due to presence of two lone pairs. is same on all species) Second, the size
CH2O of anion will determine the covalent
:O: O
character. More the size, more will be the
H H
C covalent character. The correct order of
So, bond angle of H2O is less than that of
H H NH3 & CH4.
size of anion is :
Polar molecule
I– > Br– > Cl– > F–
24. (b) Among the given options, dipole
SbCl5 moment of NH3 will be the highest
Cl Hence, the order becomes:
because of same direction of lone pair MI > MBr > MCl > MF
Cl and resultant dipole moment of the N-H 29. (c) As the no. of l.p of e–s increases, bond
Cl Sb bonds. Its structure is:
angles decreases. NO2+ ion has linear
Cl structure with sp hybridisation, hence
Cl bond angle is 180°
It has zero dipole moment because sum of In NO2– N-atom-undergoes sp2
bond moments is zero, hence non-polar hybridisation. Due to presence of l.p on
molecule. 25. (d) The lowest energy structure for a N-atom bond angle decreases from 120°
NO2 compound would be the one that will have to 115°
O the smallest value of formal charges on its In NO2 molecule, N-atom has one
central atom. unpaired e– in sp2 hybrid orbital. The bond
N
1 angle should be 120° but actually it is
Formal charge of an atom = V − N − × B
O 2 132° due to presence of one unpaired e– in
Polar molecule because of presence of Where, V is the total number of valence sp2 hybrid orbital
one unshared electron. electrons, N is the non bonding electrons \ Increasing order of bond angle is:
POCl3 and B is the bonded electrons.
NO2– < NO2 < NO2+
O (i) The formal charge of the sulphur atom,
30. (c) More the value of the bond order, the
as per the Lewis structure, will be:
P smaller will be the bond length.
Cl Cl = 6 − 0 − 1/2 × 8 = +2
Cl Total number of bonds associated
(ii) 
The formal charge of the sulphur
between two atoms in all structure
Polar molecule due to uneven distribution atom will be: Bond-order ( BO ) =
Total number of canonical forms
of electrons. = 6 − 2 − 1/2 × 6 = +1
21. (c) The given set of molecules have (iii) The formal charge of sulphur will be: 3
(a) CO → C ≡ O → BO = =3
dipole moment zero because dipoles of = 6 − 0 − 1/2 × 8 = +2 1
the bond cancel each other. (iv) The formal charge of sulphur will be: 4
= 6 − 0 − 1/2 × 12 = 0 (b) CO 2 → O = C = O → BO = =2
2
So, we can see that the last option has the (–)
lowest value of formal charge, so, it will O
be more stable than other structures and (c) CO32 − → C
have the lowest energy. (–)
26. (b) A double bond is always shorter than 4 O O
→ BO = = 1.33
a single bond. Hence, the increasing order 3
of bond length is: Hence, the order of bond length is:

C == C < C — C. CO < CO2< CO32 –

Among the bonds C — H < C — O < C 31. (b) Dipole moment of NH3 > NF3 is
— C, the C — H bond is shortest as both because of orientation of dipole moments.
22. (d) CN– = 6 + 7 + 1 = 14 hydrogen and carbon atoms are small in
CO = 6 + 8 = 14 size and have small electronegativity
differences.
These two species are isoelectronic and

So, the order is: C — H < C — O and C —
isostructural in nature. Therefore, they
H<C—C
both have same bond order.
Hence, the correct order of increasing In NH3, the dipole moments between the
23. (c) CH4 – sp3 hybridised, tetrahedral, bond length is: lone pair & N-H gets added but in NF3, there
bond angle 109o29ʹ C — H < C == C < C — O < C — C is a net cancellation of dipole moments.
 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 33

32. (c) Covalency depends on 2 factors: H2O is a bent molecule and hence, it has a
Polarisation or polarisability, charge non-zero dipole moment.
and cation size. More the charge, O
more the overlapping tendency hence H H
more covalent character, Since Cl– is 45. (c)
common in all, therefore, it will be
decided on the basis of size of the cation. F F
The correct order of size of cation is: N Br
Be2+ < Li+ < Na+ F
33. (c) Molecules having symmetrical shape
H H H F F
have zero dipole moment while those Total charge on PO34− ion is –3. Trigonal Square
which are unsymmetrical (having lone So, the average formal charge on each ‘O’ Pyramidal Pyramidal
pairs) have permanent dipole moment.
atom is =− 3 =−0.75

Among the given options, SF4 contains 4 F
one lone pair while all others do not 38. (b) The C–C bond length = 1.54 Å C ═ C F F
contain any lone pairs.
F F
bond length = 1.34 Å and C ≡ C bond Xe S
length = 1.20 Å Since propyne has a triple F
bond, therefore it has minimum bond
F F F
length.
F
Square Octahedral
39. (b) The structure of hydrogen peroxide is
Planar
an open book having bond order =1
H 46. (c)
Molecules Shape
O O
NH3 – Trigonal pyramidal
H ClF3 – T-Shape
Bond order of ozone is 1.5 and its structure PCl5 – Trigonal bipyramidal
34. (c) The structure of hydrogen peroxide is is: BrF5 – Square pyramidal
an open book having bond order =1 O 2 O 47. (a) The hybridization of XeF2 is:
H O
1
O O O O O O O O XeF2 = (8 + 2 ) = 5
2
Bond order of O2 is 2.
H Its hybridization is sp3d2 and its structure
O O
Bond order of ozone is 1.5 and its structure is:
is: Bond order and bond length are inversely F
O 2 O related to each other.
O
Hence, the O—O bond length increases in
O O O O the order :
O O Xe
Bond order of O2 is 2. O2 < O3 < H2O2
O O 40. (a) The structure of CS2 is linear which
Bond order and bond length are inversely is symmetrical and therefore, it does not F
related to each other. have permanent dipole moment. It is
Linear
Hence, the O — O bond length increases represented as S ═ C ═ S.
XeF2 has maximum 3 lone-pair – lone-
in the order : 41. (c) There is a triple bond in ethyne
pair repulsions.
O2 < O3 < H2O2 molecule (H — C ≡ C — H) and due to this
In ClF3 two lone pairs, in IF5 & SF4, only
35. (c) In BeF2, dipole moment is zero triple bond, carbon-carbon bond distance
one lone pair is present. Whereas, in XeF2,
because of its linear shape (no lp around is shortest in ethyne.
central atom), while water has net dipole three lone pairs are present.
42. (b) The structure of CCl4 is tetrahedral
moment because of its angular shape in which each Cl atom is present at the 48. (d) Geometry of PCl5 – Trigonal
(because of presence of lone pairs) and corners. For tetrahedral, bond angle is bipyramidal (sp3d)
hence, is dipolar. Cl
equal to 109° 28'. Cl
43. (c) Along the period, electronegativity Cl P
(EN) increases and hence as we move from Cl
Cl
Li → Be → B → C, the electronegativity
Geometry of SF6 – Octahedral (sp3d2)
increases and hence the EN difference F
36. (b) Sigma bond is formed by head to between the element and Cl decreases F F
head overlapping (effective overlapping) and accordingly the covalent character S
increases. Hence, LiCl < BeCl2 < BCl3 < F F
while the formation of p bond takes place F
by side to side overlapping. As a result, CCl4 is the correct order. Geometry of BrF5 – Square pyramidal (sp3d2)
the strength of sigma bond is higher than 44. (b) Dipole moment depends on the F F
that of p bond. Higher the strength, higher symmetry of the molecule. If the molecule Br
will be the energy. is symmetrical with regular geometry F F
37. (c) Bond order then, it has zero dipole moment otherwise F
no. of bond in all possible direction 5 non zero. Since, BeF2 is linear, it has zero Geometry of BF3 – Trigonal Planar (sp2)
= = = 1.25 F
Total no. of resonating structure 4 dipole moment. F B
Resonating structure are: F Be F F
 34 Chapter & Topicwise NEET PYQ's

49. (d) The shape of NH3 is pyramidal due

to presence of one lone pair having sp3
hybridization.

The structure of PCl5 is trigonal 59. (b) Species having symmetrical shape are
bipyramidal having sp3d hybridization. non-polar in nature and those which have
unsymmetrical shape (due to presence of
54. (b) Order of repulsing force according to lone pairs) are polar in nature.
VSEPR theory is lone pair – lone pair > lone
pair – bond pair > bond pair – bond pair.
The structure of SF6 is octahedral having 55. (a) The structure of NO2+ is:
sp3d2 hybridization. +
O N O
Its shape is linear having bond angle 180°.
The structure of NO3– is:
–1
O
The structure of BeCl2 is linear having sp
hybridization. O N O
Its structure is planar having bond angle
50. (d) PCl5 contains two types of bonds- 120°.
axial and equatorial. Axial bonds are The structure of NO2 is:
slightly longer due to the repulsion caused N 60. (d) Isostructural species are those which
by the equatorial bonds, thus making O 134.3° O have same shape.
them weaker, as a result, PCl5 is a reactive It contains odd number of electrons
molecule. having bond angle of 134°.
The structure of NO2– is:
[ [–
N
O 115° O
It contains one lone pair due to which
bond angle decreases to 115°.
56. (c) In diamond and silicon carbide,
central atom is sp3 hybridised and hence,
both are isostructural. – +
51. (a) The structure of BCl3 is trigonal 61. (a) Both BF4 & NH4 have sp3 hybridised
NH3 and PH3 both are pyramidal and central around central atom and exhibit
planar having bond angle 120° atom in both cases is sp3 hybridised. SiCl4
according to VSEPR theory. tetrahedral geometry.
Cl and PCl4+, both are tetrahedral and central +
F H
atom in both cases is sp3 hybridised.
B In XeF4, Xe is sp3d2 hybridised and structure B N
is square planar while in XeO4, Xe is sp3 F H
Cl Cl hybridised and structure is tetrahedral. F H
52. (a) SeF4 and CH4 do not have same shape. F H
SeF4 is AB4L type molecule with 4 bond 62. (d) The structures of the species are given
pair and 1 lone pair with shape see–saw. below as:
CH4 is AB4 type molecule with no lone
2 bond pairs, 2 lone pairs
pair and tetrahedral shape.
I3+ have 2 lone pairs with bent/angular
shape. BiCl5 does not exists because of 3 bond pairs, 0 lone pair
inert pair effect. SO2 type molecule have
both pπ - pπ & dπ - pπ bonds. 57. (b) The shape of ClO3 is pyramidal
–

53. (a,d) having sp3 hybridization. Number of 2 bond pairs, 2 lone pairs
The shape of CO32– is trigonal planar having electrons:
sp2 hybridization. Number of electrons: 17( from Cl) + 1(charge) + 3 × 8(from O) 3 bond pairs, 1 lone pair
= 42
6(from C) + 3 × 8(from O) + 2( charge) = 32
The shape of SO32– is pyramidal having
The shape of NO3– is trigonal planar 63. (a) Angular shape of an ozone molecule
sp3 hybridization. Number of electrons:
having sp2 hybridization. Number of consists of 1 pi bond and 2 sigma bonds.
16(from S) +2 (charge) + 3×8(from O)
electrons: Its structure is:
= 42
7(from N) + 1(charge) + 3 × 8(from O) = 32 O
58. (a) Species which do not contain lone
The shape of ClO3– is pyramidal having pairs have symmetrical shape and those O Ozone O
sp3 hybridization. Number of electrons: contain lone pairs have distorted shape. 64. (c) Hybridisation of Br in BrO3─ .
17(from Cl) + 1(charge) + 3 × 8(from O) Hybridisation of- 1
= 42 N3– - sp (Linear) ( 7 + 0 − 0 + 1) ⇒ sp3
2
The shape of SO32– is pyramidal having NO3– - sp2 (Trigonal Planar)
sp3 hybridization. Number of electrons: Hybridisation of XeO3
NO2– - sp2 (Trigonal Planar → Shape,
16(from S) + 2(charge) + 3 × 8(from O) bent → geometry) 1
= 42 (8 + 0 − 0 ) = 4 ⇒ sp3
CO2 - sp (Linear) 2
 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 35

72. (c) BrF3 has sp3d hybridisation because 81. (b) sp2 hybridized carbon involves the
there are three bonding Br — F pairs and mixing of one 's' and two 'p' orbitals of
two lone pairs on Br, and it adopts trigonal equal energy. (i) Number of sp2 hybridised
bipyramidal geometry. In this geometry, carbon atoms is 7.
lone pairs are always kept at equatorial (ii) Number of pi bonds is 6.
Structure is trigonal pyramidal in both
positions because of minimum repulsion.
molecules, hence they are isostructural.
Having both the lone pair at the axial
65. (b) In ClF3 all bonds are not equal due to
positions will create 6 lone pair-bond pair
TBP geometry of ClF3 molecule.
repulsions. Having one of the lone pairs at
BF3 and AlF3 show trigonal symmetric the axial position will create one lone pair-
structure due to sp3 hybridisation. NF3 lone pair repulsion and three lone pair- 82. (d) Potential energy of two H atoms at
show 5 pyramidal structure due to sp3 bond pair repulsions. But the lone pair at
hybridisation. infinite distance = a
the equatorial position will have only four Potential energy of two H atoms at
66. (a) SCl4 is not isostructural with SiCl4. lone pair-bond pair repulsions and hence
They have trigonal pyramidal geometry distance equal to bond length = b
minimizes both types of repulsion, i.e. lp
and sea-saw shaped due to presence of — lp repulsion and bp — lp repulsion. So, the bond energy of H2 = (b – a)
one lone pair. 83. (c) Hybridisation state = Number of σ
bond + number of lone pair or
73. (d) The structure of NO3– is: Hybridisation state → from steric number rule
In NO3- ion, nitrogen has 4 bond pair of
Hybridisation state = 1 (V.E + MA – C + a)
electrons and no lone pair of electrons. 2
67. (c) It’s not necessary that every AB5 74. (c) In CO, the number of electrons = 6 +
type compound have square pyramidal For, NO += 1 ( 5 + 0 − 1)
8 = 14 2
structure, it can have trigonal pyramidal 2
CN- have also got 6 + 7 + 1 = 14 electron.
geometry. For example PCl5. The structure = 2 → sp
75. (b) Bond angle is maximum in NH+4 ,
can vary according to the number of lone 1
tetrahedral molecule with bond angle
pairs present on the central atom.
109°.
NO3−= [5 + 0 + 1]
Cl 2
76. (a) Compound having same shape = 3 → sp 2
with same hybridisation are known as
1
Cl P
Cl iso-structural. XeF2, IF–2 → both are sp3d NH +4= [5 + 4 − 1]
hybridised and have linear structure. 2
Cl
77. (b) There is no lone pair on boron in BCl3 = 4 → sp3
hence, no repulsion takes place. There 84. (c)
H H H H
is a lone pair on nitrogen in NCl3 hence,
Cl
68. (c) NO2+ has linear structure with sp repulsion takes place. Therefore, BCl3 is H H
hybridisation. a planar molecule but NCl3 is a pyramidal
molecule. H H H H
O─N =  O+
69. (d) Hybridisation of B in BF3 is: 78. (b) CO2 molecule is sp-hybridised and Coplanar are in a plane or where all C
1 thus it is linear, while CO32 – is planar atoms are sp2 hybridised. In the above
( 3 + 3) = 3 (sp2-hybridised), SO2 is an angular structure, all atoms are coplanar.
2
molecule with sp2 hybridisation, SO 24 − is 85. (a) According to VSEPR theory, the
Hence, BF3 has sp3 hybridisation with structure of XeF4 is square planar having
tetrahedral (sp3-hybridised).
trigonal planar geometry.
two lone pairs. Its hybridization is sp3d2.
1 79. (b)
70. (d) Hybridisation state = (V.E + MA –
C + A) 2 Cl
Cl
For SiF4:
1
Hybridisation state = (4 + 4) = 4 Cl P
2
Hence, it has a tetrahedral shape.
For SF4:
Cl
Cl
1
Hybridisation state = ( 6+4) = 5
2 It is sp3d hybridized with an axial to 86. (a) Hybridisation of CO2 is sp. Its

Hence, it has trigonal bipyramidal equatorial angle of 90º and equatorial structure is: O = C = O
geometry. and of ethyne C2H2 is sp. Its structure is:
bond angles of 120º, featuring five
Since sulphur has formed only four bonds H–C≡C–H
P-Cl sigma bonds. The axial bonds
with the fluorine atoms, it must have one Hybridization of ethene is sp2. Its structure is:
are longer than the equatorial bonds.
lone pair. Due to the presence of lone H H
80. (b) Geometry of BF3 molecule is Trigonal
pairs, its shape will become see-saw. C C
Planar.
Thus, these two are not isostructural as
Hybridization of B is sp2.
H H
they have different shapes. F Hybridization of ethanol is sp3. Its
71. (d) In octahedral molecule, six hybrid structure is:
orbital are directed towards the corners of B H H
a regular octahedron with a bond angle of F F H—C—C—O—H
90°. The number of valence electrons around
Here, X — M — X bonds at 180° must the central atom that is Boron in BF3 H H
be three. molecule is 6. Hybridization of ethane is sp3. Its structure is:
36 Chapter & Topicwise NEET PYQ's

H H 97. (b) For strong π-bonding, pπ – pπ 109. (c) During the formation of BMO,
bonding should be strong. Due to larger the two electron waves of the bonding
H—C—C—H
size of P, pπ – pπ bonding is weak as atoms reinforce each other because of
H H compared to N-atom. constructive interference.
87. (c) CH3– C ≡ C – CH3 has carbon in sp 98. (b) In PO34− , P atom has vacant d-orbitals, Molecular orbitals that are obtained from
hybridisation and therefore, has linear thus it can form pp – dp bond. ‘N’ and ‘C’ 2Px and 2Py orbitals are ‘unsymmetrical’
geometry. have no vacant ‘d’ orbital in their valence
88. (b) Among all the species, NO2– and in nature around bond axis.
shell so, they cannot form such bond.
NO3– have sp2 hybridisation with planar 110. (a) Electronic configuration of oxygen
99. (b) Si(CH3)4 = tetramethyl silane
geometry showing resonance. molecule is:
89. (a) Hybridisation of NO3− is sp2. It has a (O2) = s1s2, s* 1s2, s 2s2, s* 2s2, s 2pz2, p
planar structure exhibiting resonance. 2px2 = p 2py2,
Therefore, there is sp3 hybridisation.
H3O+ - sp3 hybridisation with tetrahedral p* 2px1 = p* 2py1
Structure is tetrahedral.
geometry.
100. (d) BeCl2 and C2H2 have sp-hybridisation 10 − 6 4
90. (b) In SF4, hybridisation is sp3d. Bond order for O2 = = = 2
Hybridisation = 1/2 (No. of σ bond + no. and C2H6 has sp3-hybridisation. C2H4 has 2 2
of atoms attached  ± charge) sp2 hybridization. Its structure is:
10 − 5 5
6 + 4 10
H H Bond order for O2+ = = = 2.5
= = 5 2 2
2 5
C C
H H 10 − 7 3
91. (d) sp3d hybridisation is present in PCl5, Bond order for O2– = = = 1.5
SF4, I3– 101. (a) According to VSEPR theory, a 2 2
But sp3d2 hybridisation is present in molecule with sp3d2 hybridisation must be 10 − 8 2
SbCl52–. octahedral. Bond order for O22– = = = 1
2 2
92. (c) 102. (a) A σ-bond is stronger than a π-bond.
In sigma bond, head to head overlapping O2+ contains unpaired e–s ⇒ paramagnetic
takes place while in p bond, side wise ⇒ Electronic configuration of C2
overlapping takes place. molecule is:
103. (a) When two hybridised orbitals C2 (14e–) = s1s2 s*1s2 s2s2 s*2s2 (p2px2 =
belonging to two atoms undergoes linear p2py2) s 2pz2
Both showing planar geometry with sp2 combination, they form sigma bond. Therefore, it is clear that C2 molecule
hybridisation. Rest all NH2-, NH3, H2O are 104. (a) For linear arrangement of atoms, the
sp3 hybridised. has four electrons in its two degenerate p
hybridisation is sp. (bond angle = 180°). molecular orbitals.
93. (c) BF3 and NO −2 have sp2 hybridisation
Only H2S has sp3-hybridisation and hence,
having planar geometry and linear No. of electrons in H2+ ion is = 2 – 1 = 1
it has angular shape while C2H2, BeH2
geometry respectively. 111. (d) For He2 molecule:
and CO2 all involve sp-hybridisation and
hence has linear arrangement of atoms. Electronic configuration is σ1s2, σ*1s2.
105. (b) Hybridisation state = Number of σ 1 1
=B.O (N b − N a ) = (2 − 2) = 0
bond + number of lone pair 2 2
– F The bond order comes out to be zero. This
94. (d) O N O
indicates that there is no bond formation
B between 2 He atoms and hence, He2
F F molecule does not exist.
From the structure, we can see that 112. (c) MO configuration of C2 is:
Number of σ bond = 3 σ1s 2 , σ*1s 2 , σ2s 2 , σ* 2s 2 , π2p 2x =
π2p 2y
Hybridisation of C2 , C3 , C5 , and C6 are
as follows: Number of lone pair = 0
Hence, Hybridisation state = 3 which Double bond in C2 consists of both p
sp , sp3, sp2 , sp3.
95. (b) More the ‘s’ character, more will corresponds to sp2 hybridisation. bonds because of the presence of four
be the electronegativity The correct of 106. (a) The type of overlap between s- and ­p- electrons in two p molecular orbitals.
s-character is: orbitals occurs along internuclear axis and 113. (b) NO : (σ1s)2, (σ*1s)2, (σ2s)2, (σ*2s)2,
sp > sp2 > sp3 hence, the angle is 180°. (σ2pz)2, (π2px)2 = (π2py)2, (π*2px)1
50% 33.3% 25% = (π*2py)0
Therefore, the correct order regarding 10 - 5
the electronegativity of hybrid orbitals of BO = = 2.5
2
carbon is also the same.
CN– : (σ1s)2, (σ*1s)2, (σ2s)2, (σ*2s)2,
96. (b) In sulphite ion ( SO3−2 ) → ‘S’ is sp3 107. (b) Equilateral or triangular planar shape
(π2px)2 = (π2py)2, (σ2pz)2
hybridised involves sp2 hybridisation. e.g., BCl3.
108. (b) 10 - 4
BO = =3
2
σ1s < σ*1s < σ2s < σ* 2s < ( π2p x = π2p y ) <
CN : (σ1s)2, (σ*1s)2, (σ2s)2, (σ*2s)2,
Excited state of ‘S’ atom
σ2p z < ( π 2p x = π 2p y ) < σ 2p z
* * *
(π2px)2 = ( π2py)2, (σ2pz)1
3p - e– form σ bond with three ‘O’ - atom,
d - electron form π bond with one oxygen atom is the correct order of energy of MO for 9-4
BO = = 2.5
Therefore, it has pπ = dπ - bonding. homo nuclear diatomic species N2. 2
 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 37

CN+ : (σ1s)2, (σ*1s)2, (σ2s)2, (σ*2s)2, 120. (b) Bond order of O22– can be calculated 126. (a) C22– ⇒ Total number of electrons = 14
(π2px)2 = (π2py)2 as follows: σ(1s)2 σ*(1s)2 σ(2s)2 σ*(2s)2 p(2px)2 p(2py)2
= σ1s2, σ*1s2 σ2s2 σ*2s2 σ2pz2 p2px2 p2py2 s(2pz)2
8- 4 p*2px2 p*2py2
BO = =2 N b − N a 10 − 4
2 Bond order = Bond order
= = = 3
Hence, option (b) should be the right N b − Na 2 2
N b → no.of bonding e − NO → Total number of electrons = 7 + 8 = 15
answer. 2
114. (b) O2 (atomic number) = 16 σ(1s)2 σ*(1s)2 σ(2s)2 σ*(2s)2 s(2pz)2 p(2px)2
10 − 8
Molecular orbital Diagram: =   N a → no.of antibonding e − p(2py)2 p*(2px)1
2
10 − 5
=1 Bond order
= = 2.5
= Bond order = 1 2
The bond order of B2 can be calculated as O2– → Total number of electrons = 8 + 9 = 17
follows: σ(1s)2 σ*(1s)2 σ(2s)2 σ*(2s)2 s(2pz)2 p(2px)2
B2 = 10e– p(2py)2 p*(2px)2 p*(2py)1
σ1s2 σ*1s2 σ2s2 σ*2s2 σ2pz2 10 − 7
7−5 Bond order
= = 1.5
B.O.
= = 1 2
2
He2+ → Total number of electrons = 1 + 1 = 2
Hence, these two have the same bond
order. He2+ ⇒ σ(1s)2
121. (c) O 2 ⇒ σ1s 2σ*1s 2σ2s 2σ* 2s 2σ2p z2 ( π2p 2x = π2p 2y ) 2−0
Bond order
= = 1
2
( π 2p
* 1
x π* 2p1y )
=
127. (a) Paramagnetic diatomic molecule with
1
O 2 :Bond order = (8 − 4 ) = 2 atomic number 16 = O2.
2
Electronic configuration:
1 1
O +2 :Bond order = ( 8 − 3 )= 2 σ1s2 σ* ls2 σ2s2 σ*2s2 σ2pz2 (π2p2x
2 2 = π2py2) (π* 2px1 = π*2py1)
1 1 There are 2 unpaired e- in orbital π*2px1
O −2 :Bond order = ( 8 − 5 )= 1
2 2 and π* 2py1.
1
Bond order = (No. of bonding electrons 1 128. (c) ClO2 has 1 unpaired e– in molecular
– no. of anti- 2 bonding electrons) O 22− :Bond order = (8 − 6 ) = 1
2 hybridised orbital exhibiting paramagnetic
= 1/2 (10 – 6) = 2
122. (a) The electronic configuration of O2 is: behaviour.
Similarly, For O–2 = 1.5
O2–2 = 1 O 2 ⇒ σ1s 2σ*1s 2σ2s 2σ* 2s 2σ2p z2 ( π2p 2x = π2p 2y ) Its structure is:

++
+

( π+ * 2pThe electronic configuration of O2+ is:
2 * 2 y )2 *
1 1
Cl
and Bond order ∝ ∝ stability x = π* 2p1
Bond length O 2 ⇒ σ1s σ 1s σ2s σ 2s σ2p z ( π2p x = π2p y )( π 2p x )
2 2 2 2 * 1
O O
∴ Order of Bond length = O2–2 > O–2 > Both O2 and O2 are paramagnetic in
+ Paramagnetic
O2 > O+2 nature since, they contain 1 and 2 unpaired 129. (a) For π overlap, the lobes of the atomic
Thus, order of stability will be reverse of it. electrons respectively. orbitals are perpendicular to the line
115. (a) Bond order:
= O −2 1.5= O 2 2= O +2 2.5 123. (b) The electronic configuration of O22+ joining the nuclei.
O2 > O2 > O2
+ − σ1s 2σ1* s 2σ2s 2σ2* s 2σ2p z2 ( π2p 2x =π2p 2y )( π* 2p1x =π* 2p 0y ) +
+ +
ππ-overlop
overlap
116. (c) Indentation Bond order:   
Bond order = N b − N a
=O 2 + 3,=
O − 1.5,= O + 2.5 2
px py
2 2 2 Px Py
→O 2+
>O >O
+ −
10 − 5 Hence, only side wise overlap takes place.
2 2 2 = = 2.5
117. (b) In paramagnetic species, there is a 2 130. (c) Electronic configuration of CO
presence of unpaired electrons. As, Bond order ∝ 1 molecule is:
The electronic configuration of O2– is: B.L. s1s2 s*1s2 s2s2 s*2s2 p22py p22px s22pz
O2– = 8 + 8 + 1 = 17 So, O2+ exhibits maximum bond order but Since, all electrons are paired, therefore it
= σ1s2, σ*1s2, σ2s2, σ*2s2, σ2p2z, p2p2x, minimum bond length. is not paramagnetic.
p2p2y, p*2p2x, p*2p1y 124. (c) The electronic configuration of Be2 is 131. (a) N2(14) → (σ1s)2, (σ*1s)2, (σ2s)2,
Since, O2– contains one unpaired electron, σ1s2σ*1s2σ2s2σ*2s2. (σ*2s)2, (p2px)2, (p2py)2, (σ2pz)2
it is paramagnetic. Since Nb = Na hence, bond order = 0 N b − N a 10 − 4
Species with bond order zero, does not In N2, bond order
= = = 3
118. (a) Bond order of 2 2
= He +2 0.5,
= NO 2.5,= O −2 1.5 C 22 − = 3 exist under normal condition.
The electronic configuration of N2+ is:
125. (a) Electronic configuration:
 (by using MOT) (σ1s)2, (s*1s)2, (s2s)2, (σ*2s)2, (p2px)2,
N2 = σ1s2σ*s2σ2s2σ*2s2 ( π2p 2x =
π2p 2y ) σ2p z2
So, C22 − > NO > O −2 > He +2 (p2py)2, (p2pz)1
119. (a) Electronic configuration of O2 is: N −2 =σ1s 2σ*1s 2σ2s 2σ* 2s 2 ( π2p 2x =π2p 2y ) σ2p z2 ( π* 2p1x =π* 2p 0y ) 9−4
In N2+, bond order
= = 2.5
σ (1s)2, σ* (1s)2, σ (2s)2, σ* (2s)2, σ (2pz)2, N 22 − =σ1s 2σ*1s 2σ2s 2σ* 2s 2 ( π2p 2x =π2p 2y ) σ2p z2 ( π* 2p1x =π* 2p1y ) 2
π (2px)2, π (2py)2, π* (2px)1 = π*(2py)1 As the bond order in N2 is more than N2+,

Bond order = N 22− < N 2− < N 2
So, incoming e- will enter in π* 2px / so, the dissociation energy of N2 is higher
π*2py1 2 2.5 3 than N2+.
 38 Chapter & Topicwise NEET PYQ's

132. (a) Paramagnetic character is based upon = 0.5 [10 – 6] = 2 140. (a) Intramolecular hydrogen bonding
presence of unpaired electrons. Bond order of O2− = 0.5 [10 − 7] = 1.5 takes place within the same molecule i.e.,
17
Cl– = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3px2 3py2 3pz2 Therefore, the bond order from O2 to O2− between the atoms of the same molecule.
4
Be+ = 1s2 2s1 decreases and bond length increases. Since, cellulose is a complex structure
10 Ne 2 + = 1s 2 ,2s 2 2p 2x 2p1y 2p1z In the same way, one electron goes to π* containing oxygen and hydrogen, the
As + = 1s 2 ,2s 2 2p 6 ,3s 2 3p 6 3d10 ,4s 2 4p1x 4p1y 4p 0z orbital to form N2− which results in a bonding occurs between them easily.
33
decrease in bond order and an increase Whereas, in HCN, H2O2 and concentrated
Except Cl– all have unpaired electrons, so, in bond length, making the N — N bond acetic acid inter-molecular hydrogen
these are paramagnetic in nature. weaken. bonding occurs.
133. (d) O 22 − (18) → (σ1s)2, (σ*1s)2(σ2s)2, Also, in N2–, since the electron goes to Eg.:
(σ*2s)2 (s2pz)2, (p2px)2, (p2py)2, (p*2py)2, π* orbital, indicating the presence of an
(p*2pz)2 unpaired electron, making it paramagnetic.
136. (d) In NO, there is one unpaired electron 141. (a) 'H' is directly bonded to 'X' and there
* represents antibonding molecular
in its antibonding π molecular orbital. is a hydrogen bond between 'H' and 'Y'. As
orbitals.
Since NO is an odd electron system so, it 'X' and "Y' are electronegative elements
Thus, the no. of antibonding electrons in
will have an unpaired electron making it therefore, they will pull electron density
O22– ion is = 8 (4 pairs)
paramagnetic species. towards themselves. As 'X' is directly
134. (b) The electron configuration of N2 is:
137. (b) Number of electrons in bonding bonded, it pulls more electron density. So
σ1s2 σ*1s2 σ2s2 σ*2s2 p2px2 p2py2 s2pz2
orbitals Nb = 10 and number of electrons electron density on X increases, and on

Since N2 has no unpaired electron,
in antibonding orbitals Na = 4. 'H', electron density decreases.
therefore, it is diamagnetic.
Therefore, bond order = 1/2 (Nb – Na) 142. (c) H — F shows strongest H-bonds
The electronic configuration of N2+ is:
= 1/2 (10 – 4) = 3 because fluorine is the most
σ1s2 σ*1s2 σ2s2 σ*2s2 p2px2 p2py2 s2pz1 electronegative.
138. (c) The bond order of O +2 = 2.5, O 22 − = 1,
Since N2+ has an unpaired electron, it is 143. (a) H2O shows maximum H-bonding
paramagnetic. O −2 = 1.5 and that of O2 = 2.
139. (c) because each H2O molecule is linked to
135. (b) The electronic configuration of O2 is four H2O molecules through H-bonds.
O 2 ⇒ σ1s 2σ*1s 2σ2s 2σ* 2s 2σ2p z2 ( π2p 2x = π2p 2y )( π* 2p1x = π* 2p1y )
O
Hydrogen bond
O2 has two unpaired electrons in its π N
O O
H H
orbitals, one electron goes to π*orbital to O
--
H
H
O Donor
form O2−. H Acceptor
H H
B.O. of O2 is = 0.5 [(Number of bonding O
O
electrons) – (number  of anti-bonding Intramolecular hydrogen bonding is H O
H
electrons)] observed in ortho nitrophenol. H H

Download for Free PDF's