JAPANESE

INDUSTRIAL
STANDARD
Translated and Published by
Japanese Standards Association

JIS B 7184 : 2021

(JOMA/JSA)
Profile projectors

ICS 17.040.01
Reference number : JIS B 7184 : 2021 (E)

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 B 7184 : 2021

Date of Establishment: 1954-03-15

Date of Revision: 2021-03-22
Date of Public Notice in Official Gazette: 2021-03-22
Investigated by: Japanese Industrial Standards Committee
Standards Board for ISO area

JIS B 7184 : 2021, First English edition published in 2022-03

Translated and published by: Japanese Standards Association

Mita MT Building, 3-13-12, Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-0073 JAPAN

In the event of any doubts arising as to the contents,

the original JIS is to be the final authority.

 JSA 2022
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized
in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without
permission in writing from the publisher.

Printed in Japan HT/HN

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 B 7184 : 2021

Contents

Page

1 Scope ································································································ 1
2 Normative references··········································································· 1
3 Terms and definitions ·········································································· 1
4 Specifications ····················································································· 2
4.1 General ····························································································· 2
4.2 Constructions and names of main components ········································· 2
4.3 Magnification error of projection lens when transmitted illumination is
used ································································································· 5
4.4 Magnification error of projection lens when reflected illumination is
used ································································································· 5
4.5 Resolving power of projection lens when transmitted illumination is
used ································································································· 5
4.6 Resolving power of projection lens when reflected illumination is used ········· 5
4.7 Concentricity error of reticle of rotating screen ········································· 6
4.8 Angle measurement error of rotating screen ············································ 6
4.9 Angular error of reticle of screen ··························································· 6
4.10 Image displacement due to magnification changes ···································· 6
4.11 Squareness between X-axis and Y-axis travelling directions of precision
cross-moving table ·············································································· 6
4.12 Measurement error of precision cross-moving table ··································· 6
4.13 Mass of object for performance assurance ················································ 7
5 Measuring method of each performance ·················································· 7
5.1 General ····························································································· 7
5.2 Temperature at measurement ······························································· 7
5.3 Measuring method of magnification error of projection lens when
transmitted illumination is used ··························································· 7
5.4 Measuring method of magnification error of projection lens when reflected
illumination is used ············································································ 7
5.5 Measuring method of resolving power of projection lens when transmit-
ted illumination is used ······································································· 9
5.6 Measuring method of resolving power of projection lens when reflected
illumination is used ············································································ 9
5.7 Measuring method of concentricity error of reticle of rotating screen ···········10
5.8 Measuring method of angle measurement error of rotating screen ··············11
5.9 Measuring method of angular error of reticle of screen ·····························11
5.10 Measuring method of image displacement due to magnification changes ······12
5.11 Measuring method of squareness between X-axis and Y-axis travelling

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directions of precision cross-moving table ·············································· 13

5.12 Measuring method of measurement error of precision cross-moving
table ······························································································· 13
6 Information to users ·········································································· 15
6.1 Marking on body and projection lens ····················································· 15
6.2 Information for users ········································································· 15
7 Validation of compliance with specifications ··········································· 15

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 B 7184 : 2021

Foreword

This Japanese Industrial Standard has been revised by the Minister of

Economy, Trade and Industry through deliberations at the Japanese In-
dustrial Standards Committee as the result of proposal for revision of
Japanese Industrial Standard submitted by Japan Optical Measuring
Instruments Manufacturers' Association (JOMA)/Japanese Standards
Association (JSA) with a draft being attached, based on the provision of
Article 12, paragraph (1) of the Industrial Standardization Act applied
mutatis mutandis pursuant to the provision of Article 16 of the said Act.
This edition replaces the previous edition (JIS B 7184 : 1999), which has
been technically revised.
This JIS document is protected by the Copyright Act.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some parts of this Standard
may conflict with patent rights, published patent application or utility
model rights. The relevant Minister and the Japanese Industrial Stand-
ards Committee are not responsible for identifying any of such patent
rights, published patent application or utility model rights.

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 Blank

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 JAPANESE INDUSTRIAL STANDARD JIS B 7184 : 2021

Profile projectors

1 Scope
This Japanese Industrial Standard specifies the requirements for the profile projec-
tors that measure the length, angle and profile of an object by magnifying and project-
ing the optical image of the object directly onto the screen, which consist of a projection
lens, screen, lighting equipment, precision cross-moving table and the body for the
support of these components.

2 Normative references
Part or all of the provisions of the following standards, through reference in this text,
constitute provisions of this Standard. The most recent editions of the standards (in-
cluding amendments) indicated below shall be applied.
JIS B 0641-1 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Inspection by meas-
urement of workpieces and measuring equipment — Part 1 : Deci-
sion rules for proving conformance or nonconformance with specifi-
cations
JIS B 0680 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Standard reference tem-
perature for geometrical product specification and verification
JIS B 7526 Squares
JIS B 7536 Electrical comparators
JIS B 7541 Standard scales
JIS R 6001-2 Bonded abrasives — Determination and designation of grain size
distribution — Part 2 : Microgrits
JIS Z 8120 Glossary of optical terms

3 Terms and definitions

For the purpose of this Standard, the following terms and definitions, and those giv-
en in JIS Z 8120 apply.
3.1
screen
glass panel to display the projected image of object
Note 1 to entry A screen equipped with a rotation mechanism and a reading
mechanism of rotation angle is called a rotating screen.
3.2
projection lens

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lens for projecting an enlarged image of object at a specified magnification, which is

placed on a precision cross-moving table, onto a screen installed at the imaging plane
position
3.3
precision cross-moving table
table for positioning the image projected onto a screen by moving the image in X-axis
direction (lateral direction of screen) and Y-axis direction (vertical direction of screen)
3.4
magnification error
error (%) due to the magnification, which is determined from length of the standard
scale and that of the projected image on the screen using the reflected illumination or
the transmitted illumination, against the nominal magnification of projection lens
3.5
resolving power
quantity indicating the performance of projection lens, which is equal to the reciprocal
of the minimum width (mm) of a discernible black-and-white pair (LP/mm) among the
projected images on the chart

4 Specifications
4.1 General
The main types, constructions, and names and performances of main components of
profile projectors shall be as follows.
4.2 Constructions and names of main components
A vertical type profile projector (optical axis upward type) shown in Figure 1, vertical
type profile projector (optical axis downward type) shown in Figure 2 and horizontal
type profile projector (optical axis lateral type) shown in Figure 3 are available as the
main types of profile projectors. See the diagram of respective type for the construction
and names of main components.

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Screen

Body

Projection lens
Reflected illumination
equipment
Transmitted illumination
equipment
Precision cross-
moving table
X-axis
Y-axis
Y-axis feed handle
X-axis feed handle

Focus aligning
handle
NOTE This diagram is for illustration purpose only, and does not give
structure or shape.

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Figure 1 Vertical type profile projector (optical axis upward type)

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Transmitted illumination Precision cross-moving

equipment table

Y-axis feed handle

Y-axis X-axis X-axis feed handle

Reflected illumination
equipment
Screen

Projection lens

Focus aligning handle

Body

NOTE This diagram is for illustration purpose only, and does

not give structure or shape.

Figure 2 Vertical type profile projector (optical axis downward type)

Screen

Reflected illumination
equipment

Transmitted illumination X-axis Body

equipment
Y-axis

Y-axis feed handle Projection lens

Precision cross-moving
table
X-axis feed handle

NOTE This diagram is for illustration purpose only, and does

not give structure or shape.

Figure 3 Horizontal type profile projector (optical axis lateral type)

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4.3 Magnification error of projection lens when transmitted illumination is used

The magnification error of projection lens when the transmitted illumination is used
shall be measured by the method specified in 5.3. For both X- and Y-axis directions, the
tolerances of magnification error shall be ±0.15 % of the nominal magnification.
4.4 Magnification error of projection lens when reflected illumination is used
The magnification error of projection lens when the reflected illumination is used
shall be measured by the method specified in 5.4. For both X- and Y-axis directions, the
tolerances of magnification error shall be ±0.25 % of the nominal magnification.
4.5 Resolving power of projection lens when transmitted illumination is used
The resolving power of projection lens when the transmitted illumination is used
shall be measured by the method specified in 5.5. Both the tangential resolving power
and the radial resolving power shall be measured and each shall be at least the values
specified in Table 1.

Table 1 Resolving power when transmitted illumination is used

Unit: LP/mm
Magnification Centre of Within 2/3 of Exceeding 2/3 of
screen screen diameter screen diameter
5 × or over to and excl. 10 × 40 25 16
10 × or over to and excl. 20 × 80 50 32
20 × or over to and excl. 50 × 100 80 50
50 × or over to and excl. 100 × 160 125 80
100 × or over 250 200 125

4.6 Resolving power of projection lens when reflected illumination is used

The resolving power of projection lens when the reflected illumination is used shall
be measured by the method specified in 5.6. Both the tangential resolving power and
the radial resolving power shall be measured and each shall be at least the values
specified in Table 2.

Table 2 Resolving power when reflected illumination is used

Unit: LP/mm
Magnification Centre of Within 2/3 of Exceeding 2/3 of
screen screen diameter screen diameter
5 × or over to and excl. 10 × 20 16 13
10 × or over to and excl. 20 × 32 20 16
20 × or over to and excl. 50 × 50 32 25
50 × or over to and excl. 100 × 125 100 63
100 × or over 200 160 100

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4.7 Concentricity error of reticle of rotating screen

The concentricity error of the reticle of rotating screen shall be defined as the maxi-
mum distance from the reference point projected onto the screen up to the reticle cen-
tre of rotating screen during one turn of the rotating screen, which shall be measured
by the method specified in 5.7. The concentricity error of reticle of rotating screen shall

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not exceed 0.3 mm.
4.8 Angle measurement error of rotating screen
The angle measurement error of the rotating screen due to its rotation shall be de-
fined as the maximum difference among the angles measured between the angle indi-
cated on the screen and the reference angle of standard at intervals of 90°, which are
measured by the method specified in 5.8. The angle measurement error shall not ex-
ceed 4’.
4.9 Angular error of reticle of screen
The angular error of reticle of screen shall be defined as the difference between the
crossing angle of the reticle marked on the rotating screen and the right angle, and it
shall be measured by the method specified in 5.9. The maximum difference shall not
exceed 2’.
4.10 Image displacement due to magnification changes
In the case where the projected image of reference point moves due to changes of the
magnification or zooming of the projection lens used in the profile projector specified in
this Standard, the maximum displacement from the reference point shall be deter-
mined. The displacement shall be measured by the method specified in 5.10, and shall
not exceed 0.5 mm.
4.11 Squareness between X-axis and Y-axis travelling directions of precision cross-
moving table
The angle measured from Y-axis travelling direction to X-axis travelling direction of
the precision cross-moving table over the full measurement range in Y-axis travelling
direction shall be measured by the method specified in 5.11. The maximum difference
between the value and the right angle shall be defined as the squareness.
 60 L 
The squareness shall not exceed  4.5 +  µm, where, L is a measuring length
1 000   
(mm).
4.12 Measurement error of precision cross-moving table
The measurement error of precision cross-moving table shall be defined as the dif-
ference of measured value from the length of standard scale, for each axis due to the
travel of precision cross-moving table in X-axis and Y-axis travelling directions. The
measurement shall be carried out according to the method specified in 5.12 over the
full measurement range each in X-axis and Y-axis travelling directions.

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 40 L 
The measurement error shall not exceed ±  6 +  µm, where, L is a measuring
1 000   
length (mm).
4.13 Mass of object for performance assurance

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The manufacturer should know the maximum mass of the object up to which the
manufacturer can warrant the performances from 4.3 to 4.12, as the accuracy assur-
ance mass.

5 Measuring method of each performance

5.1 General
Each performance of the profile projectors specified in this Standard shall be meas-
ured by means of suitable apparatuses and standards the uncertainties of which are
clear, such as a standard scale specified in JIS B 7541. On the measurements, the pro-
jection lens shall be adjusted so that the object is focused distinctly on the screen.
5.2 Temperature at measurement
The temperature at measurement shall be 20 °C, the standard reference tempera-
ture specified in JIS B 0680.
5.3 Measuring method of magnification error of projection lens when transmitted il-
lumination is used
5.3.1 Tool for measurement
The tools for measurement shall be as follows
a) Standard scale, of Grade 0 specified in JIS B 7541 or that calibrated to the equiva-
lent accuracy
b) Reading scale, having the following length tolerance
 15 LS 
± 15 +  µm
 1 000 

where, LS : length of reading scale (mm)

5.3.2 Measuring procedures
Place the standard scale on the precision cross-moving table so that any reference for
measurement comes to the approximate centre of the screen, select a measurement
point so that the distance from the reference for the measurement to the measurement
point is at least 2/3 of the screen radius, and measure the distance using the reading
scale. Define the difference between the nominal magnification and the magnification
obtained by comparing the measured distance with the length on the standard scale as
the magnification error, expressed in percentage.
Obtain the magnification error for each of X- and Y-axis directions.
5.4 Measuring method of magnification error of projection lens when reflected illu-
mination is used

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5.4.1 Tool for measurement

The tools for measurement shall be as follows
a) Standard scale, of Grade 0 specified in JIS B 7541 or that calibrated to the equiva-
lent accuracy
b) Reading scale, having the following length tolerance
 15 LS 
± 15 +  µm
 1 000 

where, LS : length of reading scale (mm)

c) Diffuser panel, glass plate whose surface is roughened by means of fine powder of
#800 in particle size in accordance with JIS R 6001-2
5.4.2 Measuring procedures
Place the standard scale on the precision cross-moving table so that any reference for
measurement comes to the approximate centre of the screen, select a measurement
point so that the distance from the reference for the measurement to the measurement
point is at least 2/3 of the screen radius, and measure the distance using the reading
scale. Define the difference between the nominal magnification and the magnification
obtained by comparing the measured distance with the length on the standard scale as
the magnification error, expressed in percentage.
In the measurement, place a diffuser panel between the reflected illumination
equipment and the standard scale at a position about 20 mm from the standard scale
to use the diffusion light for illumination, as shown in Figure 4. If the projector is
equipped with a semi-transmissive mirror, carry out the measurement with it being
attached.
Obtain the magnification error for each of X- and Y-axis directions.

Screen
スクリーン
Standard
標準尺 scale

Condenser lens
コンデンサレンズ Diffuser panel
拡散板 Projection
投影レンズ lens

Light source
光源

About 約20
20 mm
mm
Semi-transmissive
半透過鏡 mirror

Figure 4 Example of measuring method of magnification error of projection lens when

reflected illumination is used

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5.5 Measuring method of resolving power of projection lens when transmitted illu-
mination is used
5.5.1 Tool for measurement
A chart in which black-and-white diagram pairs having the widths suitable for the
measurement of resolving power of the projection lens of profile projector are appropri-
ately combined shall be used as the tool for measurement. For example, the size of di-
agrams changes along the reciprocal of the minimum width (mm) in geometric pro-
gression taking 10 10 (≈1.258 9) as a geometric ratio with reference to 100. An example
of the chart is shown in Figure 5.

Figure 5 Example of chart

5.5.2 Measuring procedures

Place a chart on the upper face of precision cross-moving table, adjust the focus so
that the image becomes most clear at the screen centre, and determine the smallest
resolving power number of the chart, discernible at each position of the screen centre,
within 2/3 of the screen radius and beyond 2/3 of the screen radius. Both the tangential
resolving power and the radial resolving power shall be measured.
5.6 Measuring method of resolving power of projection lens when reflected illumina-
tion is used
5.6.1 Tool for measurement
The tools for measurement shall be as follows.
a) Chart, equivalent to that specified in 5.5.1
b) Diffuser panel, glass plate whose surface is roughened by means of fine powder of
#800 in particle size in accordance with JIS R 6001-2
5.6.2 Measuring procedures
Place a chart on the upper face of precision cross-moving table, adjust the focus so
that the image becomes most clear at the screen centre, and determine the smallest
resolving power number of the chart, discernible at each position of the screen centre,

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within 2/3 of the screen radius and beyond 2/3 of the screen radius. Both the tangential
resolving power and the radial resolving power shall be measured.
In the measurement, place a diffuser panel between the reflected illumination
equipment and the chart at a position about 20 mm from the chart to use the diffusion
light for illumination, as shown in Figure 6. If the projector is equipped with a semi-
transmissive mirror, carry out the measurement with it being attached.

Screen
Chart

Condenser lens Diffuser panel Projection lens

Light source

About 20 mm
Semi-transmissive mirror

Figure 6 Example of measuring method of resolving power of projection lens when

reflected illumination is used

5.7 Measuring method of concentricity error of reticle of rotating screen

5.7.1 Tool for measurement
The tool to be used for the measurement shall be an index such as the intersecting
point of a reticle chart which becomes a positional reference when it is put on the up-
per face of precision cross-moving table.
5.7.2 Measuring procedures
Place an index such as a reticle chart on the upper face of precision cross-moving ta-
ble and project it onto the rotating screen. After aligning the index with the reticle of
rotating screen, read using an appropriate means the maximum distance from the in-
dex to the intersecting point of the reticle of rotating screen during one rotation of the
rotating screen. By rotating the screen, the distance to the intersecting point draws a
circular trajectory, and the diameter of the circle is equal to the maximum distance. An
example of maximum distance is shown in Figure 7.

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Reticle chart

Maximum
distance

Reticle of screen

Rotating screen

Figure 7 Example of measuring method of concentricity error of reticle of

rotating screen

5.8 Measuring method of angle measurement error of rotating screen

5.8.1 Tool for measurement
A reticle chart whose orthogonal angle error is calibrated to 30” or less shall be used.
5.8.2 Measuring procedures
Place the reticle chart on the upper face of precision cross-moving table and project it
onto the rotating screen. Using any one of the four lines dividing the rotating screen at
the intersecting point of reticle, measure the angular error at every 90° and determine
the maximum difference. An example of maximum difference is shown in Figure 8.

＋
Maximum
difference
Error

－ 0° 90° 180° 270° 360°

Rotation angle of rotating screen

Figure 8 Example of angle measurement error of rotating screen

5.9 Measuring method of angular error of reticle of screen

5.9.1 Tools for measurement
The tools for measurement shall be as follows.

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a) Reticle chart, whose orthogonal angle error is calibrated to 30” or less

b) Reading scale, having the following tolerance on length
 15 LS 
± 15 +  μm
 1 000 

where, LS : length of reading scale (mm)

5.9.2 Measuring procedures
Place the reticle chart on the upper face of precision cross-moving table and project it
onto the rotating screen as shown in Figure 9. Align one of the reticle lines of the ro-
tating screen with any one of the lines of the reticle chart, read the angular difference
between another line of the reticle of rotating screen and that of the reticle chart using
the reading scale, and convert it into an angle.

Reticle of chart
Reticle of screen

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Screen

Figure 9 Example of measuring method of angular error of reticle of screen

5.10 Measuring method of image displacement due to magnification changes

5.10.1 Tool for measurement
An index, such the intersecting point of a reticle chart, which becomes a positional
reference when it is placed on the upper face of precision cross-moving table shall be
used.
5.10.2 Measuring procedures
Place an index such as a reticle chart on the upper face of the precision cross-moving
table and place the image of the index at the centre of the rotating screen using an ap-
plicable projection lens of the largest magnification by the profile projector. Then, zoom
the lens or switch the lens to any other lens having a different magnification, and
measure the displacement of the projected image of the index caused by the change of
the magnification. Define the measured value as the maximum displacement.

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 13
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5.11 Measuring method of squareness between X-axis and Y-axis travelling directions
of precision cross-moving table
5.11.1 Tool for measurement
The tools for measurement shall be as follows.
a) Square, of Type I, Grade 1 specified in JIS B 7526 or that calibrated to the equiva-
lent accuracy
b) Electrical comparator, specified in JIS B 7536 or that calibrated to the equivalent
accuracy
5.11.2 Measuring procedures
Place the square on the upper face of precision cross-moving table so that one side of
the square is parallel to X-axis travelling direction of the table, as shown in Figure 10,
while applying the electrical comparator fixed to the projection lens mount or the like
to the other side of the square. Measure the difference between the value indicated by
the comparator and the reference value when the table is moved in Y-axis direction.
Define the maximum measured value as the squareness.

Electrical comparator

Square

Figure 10 Measuring method of squareness between X-axis and Y-axis travelling

directions of precision cross-moving table
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5.12 Measuring method of measurement error of precision cross-moving table

5.12.1 Tool for measurement
A standard scale of Grade 0 specified in JIS B 7541 or that calibrated to the equiva-
lent accuracy shall be used.
5.12.2 Measuring procedures
Place the standard scale at the centre of the upper face of precision cross-moving ta-
ble in parallel to the travelling direction of the axis to be measured, and feed the table

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measuring the lengths at sampling intervals of 1/4 or shorter of the whole measure-
ment range. The differences between the measurement values of the profile projector
and the read values of the standard scale over the whole measurement range shall be
defined as the measurement errors.
The length shall be measured for each of X- and Y-axis directions. An example is
shown in Figure 11 for the case where either one limit of the measurement range is
taken as the reference point. An example is shown in Figure 12 for the case where the
reference point is selected arbitrarily. Measurement errors when all measurement
points are taken as the reference points shall be checked.

Tolerance
Error

Measuring position
Reference point

Tolerance

Figure 11 Example of measured error

Tolerance
Error

Reference point Measuring position

Tolerance

Figure 12 Example of measured error when any measuring point is taken

as reference point

--`,,`,,,```,`,`,```,`,`-`-``,```,,,`---

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 15 .
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6 Information to users
6.1 Marking on body and projection lens
The manufacturer’s name or abbreviation, and the manufacturing number shall be
marked on the body of profile projector. The nominal magnification shall be marked on
the projection lens.
6.2 Information for users
The manufacturer should give such information as performances and other require-
ments specified or recommended in Clause 4, if necessary, to the users, by means of
catalogues, instruction manuals, delivery slip, list of inspection results and the like.

7 Validation of compliance with specifications

In validating whether or not the products are in compliance with the specifications,
the acceptance criteria according to JIS B 0641-1 should apply.

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 Blank

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 Errata for JIS (English edition) can be downloaded in PDF format at Webdesk (purchase
information page) of our website (https://www.jsa.or.jp/).
For inquiry, please contact:
Publication and Information Unit, Japanese Standards Association Group
E-mail: csd@jsa.or.jp

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