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JavaScript if...Else Statement

The document explains the JavaScript if...else statement, which allows for conditional execution of code based on specified conditions. It details the syntax and usage of if statements, if...else statements, and if...else if... statements, providing examples for each. Additionally, it includes a flow chart to illustrate how the if-else structure operates in programming.

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samuel asefa
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1 views

JavaScript if...Else Statement

The document explains the JavaScript if...else statement, which allows for conditional execution of code based on specified conditions. It details the syntax and usage of if statements, if...else statements, and if...else if... statements, providing examples for each. Additionally, it includes a flow chart to illustrate how the if-else structure operates in programming.

Uploaded by

samuel asefa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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JavaScript - if...else Statement

The JavaScript if...else statement executes a block of code when the specified condition is true.
When the condition is false the else block will be executed. The if-else statements can be used to
control the flow of execution of a program based on different conditions.

While writing a program, there may be a situation when you need to adopt one out of a given set of
paths. In such cases, you need to use conditional statements that allow your program to make correct
decisions and perform the right actions.

JavaScript supports conditional statements used to perform different actions based on different
conditions. Here we will explain the if...else statement.

Flow Chart of if-else


The following flow chart shows how the if-else statement works.
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JavaScript supports the following forms of if...else statement −

if statement

if...else statement

if...else if... statement.

JavaScript if statement
The if statement is the fundamental control statement that allows JavaScript to make decisions and
execute statements conditionally.

Syntax
The syntax for a basic if statement is as follows −

if (expression) {
Statement(s) to be executed if expression is true
}

Here a JavaScript expression is evaluated. If the resulting value is true, the given statement(s) are
executed. If the expression is false, then no statement would be not executed. Most of the times, you
will use comparison operators while making decisions.

Example
Try the following example to understand how the if statement works.

Open Compiler

<html>
<body>
<div id ='output'> </div>
<script type = "text/javascript">
let result;
let age = 20;
if( age > 18 ) {
result = "Qualifies for driving";
}
document.getElementById("output").innerHTML = result;
</script>
Page 3 of 7

<p> Set the variable to a different value and then try... </p>
</body>
</html>

Output

Qualifies for driving


Set the variable to different value and then try...

JavaScript if...else statement


The 'if...else' statement is the next form of control statement that allows JavaScript to execute
statements in a more controlled way.

Syntax

if (expression) {
Statement(s) to be executed if expression is true
} else {
Statement(s) to be executed if expression is false
}

Here JavaScript expression is evaluated. If the resulting value is true, the given statement(s) in the if
block, are executed. If the expression is false, then the given statement(s) in the else block are
executed.

Example

Try the following code to learn how to implement an if-else statement in JavaScript.

Open Compiler

<html>
<body>
<div id ='output'> </div>
<script type = "text/javascript">
let result;
let age = 15;
if( age > 18 ) {
Page 4 of 7

result = "Qualifies for driving";


} else {
result = "Does not qualify for driving";
}
document.getElementById("output").innerHTML = result;
</script>
<p> Set the variable to a different value and then try... </p>
</body>
</html>

Output

Does not qualify for driving


Set the variable to different value and then try...

JavaScript if...else if... statement


The if...else if... statement (also called as if...else ladder)is an advanced form of ifelse that allows
JavaScript to make a correct decision out of several conditions.

Syntax

The syntax of an if-else-if statement is as follows −

if (expression 1) {
Statement(s) to be executed if expression 1 is true
} else if (expression 2) {
Statement(s) to be executed if expression 2 is true
} else if (expression 3) {
Statement(s) to be executed if expression 3 is true
} else {
Statement(s) to be executed if no expression is true
}

There is nothing special about this code. It is just a series of if statements, where each if is a part of
the else clause of the previous statement. Statement(s) are executed based on the true condition, if
none of the conditions is true, then the else block is executed.

Example
Page 5 of 7

Try the following code to learn how to implement an if-else-if statement in JavaScript.

Open Compiler

<html>
<body>
<div id ="demo"></div>
<script type="text/javascript">
const output = document.getElementById("demo")
let book = "maths";
if (book == "history") {
output.innerHTML="<b>History Book</b>";
} else if (book == "maths") {
output.innerHTML="<b>Maths Book</b>";
} else if (book == "economics") {
output.innerHTML="<b>Economics Book</b>";
} else {
output.innerHTML="<b>Unknown Book</b>";
}
</script>
<p> Set the variable to a different value and then try... </p>
</body>
<html>

Output

Maths Book
Set the variable to different value and then try...

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