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Code Refactoring

Code refactoring is the process of restructuring existing computer code without changing its external behavior, aimed at improving readability, maintainability, and efficiency. Key benefits include clearer code structure, easier updates, and reduced complexity, while common techniques involve Red-Green refactoring, abstraction, and simplifying methods. Overall, refactoring is essential for long-term software development success, enabling teams to manage code more effectively and adapt to future changes.

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6 views4 pages

Code Refactoring

Code refactoring is the process of restructuring existing computer code without changing its external behavior, aimed at improving readability, maintainability, and efficiency. Key benefits include clearer code structure, easier updates, and reduced complexity, while common techniques involve Red-Green refactoring, abstraction, and simplifying methods. Overall, refactoring is essential for long-term software development success, enabling teams to manage code more effectively and adapt to future changes.

Uploaded by

ahmadsharif965
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What is Code Refactoring?

Code refactoring is the process of modifying the code’s internal structure so that its external
behavior does not get affected. It helps eliminate the poor design choices that make a code
challenging to understand and maintain.

Benefits of Code Refactoring

1. Seeing the Whole Picture


If you have one main method that handles all of the functionality, it’s most likely way too long
and incredibly complex. But if it’s broken down into parts, it’s easy to see what is really being
done.

2. Make It Readable for Your Team


Make it easy to understand for your peers, don’t write it for yourself, and think on the long-term.

3. Maintainability
Integration of updates and upgrades is a continuous process that is unavoidable and should be
welcomed. When the code base is unorganized and built on weak foundation, developers are
often hesitant to make changes. But with code refactoring, organized code, the product will be
built on a clean foundation and will be ready for future updates.

4. Efficiency
Code refactoring may be considered as investment, but it gets good results. You reduce the effort
required for future changes to the code, either by you or other developers, thus improving
efficiency.

5. Reduce Complexity
Make it easier for you and your team to work on the project.
Most Common Code Refactoring Techniques

1. Red-Green Refactoring

Red-Green is the most popular and widely used code refactoring technique in the Agile
software development process. This technique follows the “test-first” approach to design and
implementation, this lays the foundation for all forms of refactoring. Developers take initiative
for the refactoring into the test-driven development cycle and it is performed into the three
district steps.
 RED: The first step starts with writing the failing “red-test”. You stop and check what
needs to be developed.
 Green: In the second step, you write the simplest enough code and get the development
pass “green” testing.
 Refactor: In the final and third steps, you focus on improving and enhancing your code
keeping your test green.

2. Refactoring By Abstraction

This technique is mostly used by developers when there is a need to do a large amount of
refactoring. Mainly we use this technique to reduce the redundancy (duplication) in our code.
This involves class inheritances, hierarchy, creating new classes and interfaces, extraction,
replacing inheritance with the delegation, and vice versa.
Pull-Up/Push-Down method is the best example of this approach.
 Pull-Up method: It pulls code parts into a superclass and helps in the elimination of code
duplication.
 Push-Down method: It takes the code part from a superclass and moves it down into the
subclasses.

3. Composing Method

During the development phase of an application a lot of times we write long methods in our
program. These long methods make your code extremely hard to understand and hard to
change. The composing method is mostly used in these cases.
In this approach, we use streamline methods to reduce duplication in our code. Some examples
are: extract method, extract a variable, inline Temp, replace Temp with Query, inline method,
split temporary variable, remove assignments to parameters, etc.
Extraction: We break the code into smaller chunks to find and extract fragmentation. After
that, we create separate methods for these chunks, and then it is replaced with a call to this new
method. Extraction involves class, interface, and local variables.

Inline: This approach removes the number of unnecessary methods in our program. We find
all calls to the methods, and then we replace all of them with the content of the method. After
that, we delete the method from our program.

4. Simplifying Methods

There are two techniques involved in this approach


 Simplifying Conditional Expressions Refactoring:
Conditional statement in programming becomes more logical and complicated over time.
You need to simplify the logic in your code to understand the whole program. There are so
many ways to refactor the code and simplify the logic.

 Simplifying Method Calls Refactoring: In this approach, we make method calls simpler
and easier to understand. We work on the interaction between classes, and we simplify the
interfaces for them.

5. Moving Features Between Objects

In this technique, we create new classes, and we move the functionality safely between old and
new classes. We hide the implementation details from public access.
Examples are: move a field, extract class, move method, inline class, hide delegate, introduce a
foreign method, remove middle man, introduce local extension, etc.

6. Preparatory Refactoring

This approach is best to use when you notice the need for refactoring while adding some new
features in an application. So basically it’s a part of a software update with a separate
refactoring process. You save yourself with future technical debt if you notice that the code
needs to be updated during the earlier phases of feature development.
The end-user can not see such efforts of the engineering team eye to eye but the developers
working on the application will find the value of refactoring the code when they are building
the application. They can save their time, money, and other resources if they just spend some
time updating the code earlier.
7. User Interface Refactoring

You can make simple changes in UI and refactor the code. For example: align entry field,
apply font, reword in active voice indicate the format, apply common button size, and increase
color contrast, etc.

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