Numerical Methods

Assignment

Bimal Poudel
 Table of Contents

Function of Structure formula..........................................................................1

Output..........................................................................................................3
Report for VBA Implementation.......................................................................4
Algorithm......................................................................................................4
Flowchart......................................................................................................6
Code.............................................................................................................7
Output........................................................................................................11
Function of Structure formula
Sub Calculate Vu And ShowInSheet()

Dim Fy As Double

Dim Asv As Double

Dim d As Double

Dim Sv As Double

Dim Vu As Double

Dim ws As Worksheet

Dim startRow As Integer

' Create or use active sheet

Set ws = ActiveSheet

startRow = 2 ' Leave row 1 for the title

' Get user input values

Fy = Val(InputBox("Enter yield strength of steel Fy (N/mm²):", "Input Fy"))

Asv = Val(InputBox("Enter area of shear reinforcement Asv (mm²):", "Input

Asv"))

d = Val(InputBox("Enter effective depth d (mm):", "Input d"))

Sv = Val(InputBox("Enter spacing of stirrups Sv (mm):", "Input Sv"))

' Validate inputs

If Fy <= 0 Or Asv <= 0 Or d <= 0 Or Sv <= 0 Then

MsgBox "All values must be positive and non-zero.", vbCritical

Exit Sub

End If

1
' Calculate Vu

Vu = 0.87 * Fy * Asv * d / Sv

' Output heading

With ws

.Cells(1, 1).Value = "Vu Calculation using: Vu = 0.87 * Fy * Asv * d / Sv"

.Range("A1:E1").Merge

.Range("A1").Font.Bold = True

.Range("A1").Font.Size = 14

.Range("A1").HorizontalAlignment = xlCenter

' Output table headers

.Cells(startRow, 1).Value = "Fy (N/mm²)"

.Cells(startRow, 2).Value = "Asv (mm²)"

.Cells(startRow, 3).Value = "d (mm)"

.Cells(startRow, 4).Value = "Sv (mm)"

.Cells(startRow, 5).Value = "Vu (N)"

.Range("A" & startRow & ":E" & startRow).Font.Bold = True

' Output values in next row

.Cells(startRow + 1, 1).Value = Fy

.Cells(startRow + 1, 2).Value = Asv

.Cells(startRow + 1, 3).Value = d

.Cells(startRow + 1, 4).Value = Sv

.Cells(startRow + 1, 5).Value = Vu

2
 ' Autofit columns for readability

.Columns("A:E").AutoFit

End With

MsgBox "Vu calculated and shown in the sheet!", vbInformation

End Sub

Output
VuCalculationusing: Vu=0.87* Fy* Asv* d/ Sv
Fy(N/mm²) Asv(mm²) d(mm) Sv(mm) Vu(N)
415 100 500 150 120350

3
Report for VBA Implementation
Write the Report for VBA implementation of Bisection method with
Algorithm ,Flowchart, VBA code.

Algorithm
Objective: To find a root of a polynomial function f(x) using the Bisection
Method and store the results in a new Excel workbook.

Step-by-Step Algorithm

1. Start

2. Input:

o Function f(x)

o Interval [a, b] such that f(a)*f(b) < 0

o Tolerance tol

o Maximum number of iterations maxIter

3. Check: If f(a) * f(b) > 0

o Print "Invalid interval. No sign change."

o Stop

4. Initialize:

o Create a new Excel workbook named "Bisection_Workbook.xlsx"

o Add a worksheet named "Bisection_Log"

o Write heading: "Table prepared by Samunnat Bhandari"

o Write column headers

5. Loop for i = 1 to maxIter:

o Compute midpoint c = (a + b) / 2

o Compute f(c)

4
 o Compute error = |b - a| / 2

o Log i, a, b, c, f(c), and error in the worksheet

6. Check Convergence:

o If |f(c)| < tol or error < tol:

 Write: Root found at x = c

 Write: Number of iterations = i

 Exit loop

7. Update Interval:

o If f(a) * f(c) < 0: set b = c

o Else: set a = c

8. End Loop

9. Save Workbook: as "Bisection_Workbook.xlsx"

10. End

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Flowchart

Code

6
' Define the polynomial function here

Function f(x As Double) As Double

' Example: f(x) = x^3 - x - 2

f=x^3-x-2

End Function

Sub BisectionMethod_CreateWorkbook()

Dim a As Double, b As Double, c As Double

Dim tol As Double

Dim maxIter As Integer

Dim i As Integer

Dim errorEstimate As Double

Dim wb As Workbook

Dim ws As Worksheet

Dim filePath As String

Dim finalRow As Long

' === INITIAL PARAMETERS ===

a=1 ' Lower bound of interval

b=2 ' Upper bound of interval

tol = 0.0001 ' Tolerance for stopping

maxIter = 100 ' Max number of iterations

' === CHECK INITIAL CONDITION ===

If f(a) * f(b) > 0 Then

7
 MsgBox "f(a) and f(b) must have opposite signs. No root guaranteed.",
vbCritical

Exit Sub

End If

' === CREATE NEW WORKBOOK ===

Set wb = Workbooks.Add

Set ws = wb.Sheets(1)

ws.Name = "Bisection_Log"

' === WRITE HEADER ===

With ws

.Cells(1, 1).Value = "Table prepared by Samunnat Bhandari"

.Range("A1:F1").Merge

.Range("A1").Font.Bold = True

.Range("A1").Font.Size = 14

.Range("A1").HorizontalAlignment = xlCenter

' Column headers in row 3

.Cells(3, 1).Value = "Iteration"

.Cells(3, 2).Value = "a"

.Cells(3, 3).Value = "b"

.Cells(3, 4).Value = "c (Midpoint)"

.Cells(3, 5).Value = "f(c)"

.Cells(3, 6).Value = "Error Estimate"

.Range("A3:F3").Font.Bold = True

End With

8
' === BISECTION METHOD LOOP ===

For i = 1 To maxIter

c = (a + b) / 2

errorEstimate = Abs(b - a) / 2

' Log the current iteration (starting from row 4)

With ws

.Cells(i + 3, 1).Value = i

.Cells(i + 3, 2).Value = a

.Cells(i + 3, 3).Value = b

.Cells(i + 3, 4).Value = c

.Cells(i + 3, 5).Value = f(c)

.Cells(i + 3, 6).Value = errorEstimate

End With

If Abs(f(c)) < tol Or errorEstimate < tol Then

Exit For

End If

If f(a) * f(c) < 0 Then

b=c

Else

a=c

End If

Next i

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 ' === WRITE FINAL SUMMARY BELOW THE TABLE ===

finalRow = i + 5

With ws

.Cells(finalRow, 1).Value = "Root found at x ="

.Cells(finalRow, 2).Value = c

.Cells(finalRow + 1, 1).Value = "Number of iterations ="

.Cells(finalRow + 1, 2).Value = i

.Range("A" & finalRow & ":B" & finalRow + 1).Font.Bold = True

End With

' === SAVE WORKBOOK ===

filePath = Application.DefaultFilePath & "\Bisection_Workbook.xlsx"

Application.DisplayAlerts = False

wb.SaveAs Filename:=filePath

Application.DisplayAlerts = True

MsgBox "Bisection table and result saved to: " & filePath, vbInformation

End Sub

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Output
TablepreparedbySamunnatBhandari

Iteration a b c (Midpoint) f(c) ErrorEstimate

1 1 2 1.5 -0.125 0.5
2 1.5 2 1.75 1.609375 0.25
3 1.5 1.75 1.625 0.6660156 0.125
4 1.5 1.625 1.5625 0.2521973 0.0625
5 1.5 1.5625 1.53125 0.0591125 0.03125
6 1.5 1.53125 1.515625 -0.0340538 0.015625
7 1.515625 1.53125 1.5234375 0.0122504 0.0078125
8 1.515625 1.5234375 1.51953125 -0.0109712 0.00390625
9 1.51953125 1.5234375 1.521484375 0.0006222 0.001953125
10 1.51953125 1.52148438 1.520507813 -0.0051789 0.000976563
11 1.52050781 1.52148438 1.520996094 -0.0022794 0.000488281
12 1.52099609 1.52148438 1.521240234 -0.0008289 0.000244141
13 1.52124023 1.52148438 1.521362305 -0.0001034 0.00012207
14 1.5213623 1.52148438 1.52142334 0.0002594 6.10352E-05

Rootfoundatx= 1.52142334
Numberofiterations= 14

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