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Introduction

The document defines a project as a temporary set of activities aimed at achieving a specific goal, while project management involves planning and organizing resources to complete these tasks. It contrasts project management with functional management, outlines different project types and management styles, and describes the role of a project manager. Additionally, it highlights the differences between projects and programs and lists key skills necessary for effective project management.

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5 views6 pages

Introduction

The document defines a project as a temporary set of activities aimed at achieving a specific goal, while project management involves planning and organizing resources to complete these tasks. It contrasts project management with functional management, outlines different project types and management styles, and describes the role of a project manager. Additionally, it highlights the differences between projects and programs and lists key skills necessary for effective project management.

Uploaded by

mR. HACKER
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Introduction

What is a Project?
A project is a set of planned activities that start and end at
specific times. It is done to reach a goal while following certain
rules like time, cost, and available resources.
According to the Project Management Institute (PMI), a
project is a temporary effort with a clear beginning and end.
Projects can be simple and handled by one person, or complex
and managed by many people.

What is Project Management?


project management is the process of planning and
organizing resources like people, money, and tools to complete
a task or goal. It can be for a one-time project or a repeated
activity.
The main stages of project management are:
Initiation, Planning, Execution, Monitoring, and Closing.

Difference between Project Management and Functional


Management:
Aspect Project Management Functional (Line) Management

To complete a specific,
Purpose To maintain ongoing operations
temporary task or goal

Temporary – has a start and


Duration Ongoing – continuous process
end

Focus Change, improvement, or new Stability and efficiency


Aspect Project Management Functional (Line) Management

outcomes

Building a new product, Running daily production,


Examples
relocating a factory managing regular staff

Resources Managed for a specific project Managed for routine operations

Management
Flexible, goal-driven Stable, process-oriented
Style

Criteria based Projects :


 A Cost-Bound Project has a fixed budget, and costs can't
be exceeded. If needed, the project scope or quality might
be adjusted to stay within budget. For example, a housing
development may reduce the number of units or lower the
quality of fittings to meet the budget.

 A Performance-Bound Project focuses on meeting specific


performance goals, even if it causes delays or extra costs.
For example, a manufacturer might need to create a rocket
launcher that meets strict standards for range and accuracy,
even if it takes longer or costs more.

 A Safety-Bound Project prioritizes safety, often due to


legal requirements. For example, public transportation or
construction projects must follow safety regulations to
protect workers and passenger.
Types of Project Management:
1. Waterfall Project Management
In Waterfall, tasks are done one by one, in order. Each step must
be finished before moving to the next. The team grows as the
project moves forward, and it's important to stick to the plan and
timeline.
2. Agile Project Management
In Agile, tasks are done in short cycles, and work happens at
the same time by different team members. It’s focused on quickly
improving and making changes based on feedback. This helps fix
problems without restarting the whole project.
3. Lean Project Management
Lean focuses on doing more with less. The goal is to use fewer
resources and reduce waste, while still creating great value for
customers.

Project Manager:
A project manager is responsible for leading a project from start
to finish. They plan, manage resources, and ensure the project
meets its goals. They have the authority to make decisions and
are accountable for the project's success. Their role ends when
the project is complete or at a set stage.
How Projects and Program differ?
What is a Program?
A program is a group of related projects managed together as
one. A program manager oversees all the projects to make sure
the overall goals are met. They focus on the big picture, while
project managers focus on delivering their specific projects on
time and within budget.
Structure:
 Projects have clear, specific goals and well-defined scope.
 Programs are more flexible and cover multiple projects with
less clear boundaries.
 Program teams are larger, as they include all the project
managers and their teams.
Effort:
 A project is a single task with a clear focus.
 A program is a collection of related projects that work
together to achieve a common goal. The program
manager ensures the projects run smoothly, especially
when they overlap.
Length:
 Projects are usually completed in a short time, but some
can take several years.
 Programs often take a long time to finish because they
involve multiple projects. They are often split into phases.
Benefits:
 Projects focus on tangible results (what is produced when
the project is completed).
 Programs focus on overall outcomes, which are often less
tangible. The benefits come from the combined results of all
the projects. For example, a program might lead to cultural
or organizational changes.

Key Project Management Skills


1. Leadership: The ability to guide and motivate your team,
making decisions that keep everyone focused on the project
goals.
2. Communication: Sharing information clearly with your
team and stakeholders so everyone knows what’s happening
at every stage.
3. Scheduling: Planning out when tasks should be done and
making sure everything stays on track to meet deadlines.
4. Risk Management: Spotting potential problems before they
happen and finding ways to deal with them to avoid delays
or extra costs.
5. Cost Management: Keeping track of the budget, ensuring
you spend within limits, and making sure the project is cost-
effective.
6. Negotiating: Working with others to agree on solutions,
resolve issues, and make sure everyone is happy with the
outcomes.
7. Critical Thinking: Analyzing issues carefully and coming up
with smart, logical solutions to any problems that arise.
8. Task Management: Organizing and assigning tasks to
make sure things are done on time and everyone knows
what to focus on.
9. Quality Management: Ensuring the work meets high
standards and satisfies client expectations throughout the
project.
10. Sense of Humor: Keeping the team motivated and
positive, especially when things get tough. A good sense of
humor can reduce stress and build good relationships.

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