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ECE Exp 5

The document outlines an experiment for calibrating a pressure gauge using a dead weight tester, detailing the aim, apparatus, theory, specifications, and procedure. It explains the principles behind the dead weight tester, Bourdon tube, and diaphragm pressure gauges, and emphasizes the importance of calibration for accurate measurements. The results include a calibration curve and error analysis to assess the performance of the pressure gauge.

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7 views4 pages

ECE Exp 5

The document outlines an experiment for calibrating a pressure gauge using a dead weight tester, detailing the aim, apparatus, theory, specifications, and procedure. It explains the principles behind the dead weight tester, Bourdon tube, and diaphragm pressure gauges, and emphasizes the importance of calibration for accurate measurements. The results include a calibration curve and error analysis to assess the performance of the pressure gauge.

Uploaded by

sarat nallabati
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment Number:

Date:

Calibration of Pressure Gauge using dead weight tester

Course Outcomes

CO 1 Select suitable sensors and transducers to measure response parameters.

CO 2 Determine the static performance of measuring instruments.

Aim

● Learn to measure pressure using a dead weight tester and obtain the instrument
characteristics.
● To calibrate and test a pressure gauge using the dead weight tester.

Apparatus

Dead weight pressure gauge tester

Theory

Answer the following questions after performing the experiments.

Calibration is the process of configuring an instrument to provide a result for a sample within an
acceptable range. This is achieved by comparing the rcadings of the instrument to a known standard,
often referred to as a 'calibration standard'. The calibration process ensures that the instrument's
readings are consistent with other measurements and helps to eliminate or reduce bias in an
instrument's readings over a range for all continuous values. \
Discuss the laboratory, national, and international standards used for pressure measurements.
A Dead Weight Tester (DWT) is a calibration instrument that uses the principle of a pressure balance to
calibrate pressure measuring instruments. DWTs are considered the "gold standard" in pressure
measurement due to their high accuracy.
Here's a simplified explanation of how a DWT works:

1. The Loading the Weights: The user places a known mass (weight) on the piston assembly. The
gravitational force of this weight creates a downward force.

2. Applying Pressure: The user manually pumps fluid (oil or gas) into the system. The fluid
pressure pushes up against the piston.

3. Balancing the Forces: The user continues to pump until the upward force from the fluid pressure
balances the downward force of the weight. At this point, the piston “floats" within its cylinder.

4. Reading the Pressure: Because the forces are balanced, the pressure of the fluid can be
calculated based on the known mass and the area of the piston. The formula is Pressure =
Force / Area, where the force is the gravitational force of the weight (mass * gravity), and the
area is the cross-sectional area of the piston.
Bourdon Tube Pressure Gauge: A Bourdon tube pressure gauge operates on the principle of elastic
deformation. The key component is a curved tube, known as the Bourdon tube, which is sealed at one
end and connected to the fluid whose pressure is to be measured at the other end.
When pressure increases, the Bourdon tube tends to straighten out due to the internal pressure. This
movement of the tube is mechanically linked to a pointer,
The pointer moves over a calibrated scale to indicate the applied pressure.
The Bourdon tube pressure gauge is widely used due to its simplicity. robustness, and low cost. It's
suitable for measuring a wide range of pressures.

Diaphragm Pressure Gauge: A diaphragm pressure gauge operates on the principle of pressure-
induced deformation of a flexible membrane known as a diaphragm.

The diaphragm is a flexible, sealed chamber with the pressure to be measured applied to one side.
An increase in pressure causes the diaphragm to deform or bulge.
This deformation is transferred mechanically to a pointer, which moves over a calibrated scale to
indicate the pressure.
Diaphragm pressure gauges are particularly suited to low-Pressure applications and where the media
being measured is corrosive or viscous.

Specifications

Capacity : l to 30kg /c m2

Area: 1 c m2

Dead weights : 0.5 kg-1no, 1kg- 2nos, 2kg- 2nos, 10 kg-2 nos.

Plunger weight : 0.5 kg

Accuracy: 0.5%

Linearity : 0.5%

Max.over load: 150%

Test gauge : 28 kg /c m2 /400 psi Bourdon pressure gauge

Procedure

1. Fill the reservoir and chamber with oil and make sure that there are no air bubbles.
2. Open the valve on the pressure gauge side and close the valve to the reservoir.
3. Place a dead weight on the piston and rotate the screw jack to increase the pressure till the disc
is just lifted.
4. Note down the readings from the pressure gauge.
5. Now keep on increasing the weights cach time and note down the respective readings.
6. Actual pressure is the weight of the dead weight/arca of the piston.
7. Plot graph between actual reading and measured reading.
Experimental Data

Results and discussion

With the help of uncertainty analysis,

● Comment on the distribution of error between the candidate and the standard. Develop the
calibration curve for the pressure gauge. Use linear regression analysis to identify the best
equation for the same.
Result:

The given pressure gauge has been calibrated using dead weight and both actual & observed values
are noted & a graph has also been plotted comparing them.

Inferences

Pressure gauge was calibrated. The % error was also found.

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