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Physics

The document discusses key concepts in electricity, including electric lines of force, electric flux, electric dipoles, and Gauss's Law. It explains how electric lines indicate the direction of electric fields, defines electric flux in relation to surface area and angle, and describes the properties of electric dipoles. Gauss's Law is highlighted as a fundamental principle relating enclosed charges to electric flux through a surface.

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2 views16 pages

Physics

The document discusses key concepts in electricity, including electric lines of force, electric flux, electric dipoles, and Gauss's Law. It explains how electric lines indicate the direction of electric fields, defines electric flux in relation to surface area and angle, and describes the properties of electric dipoles. Gauss's Law is highlighted as a fundamental principle relating enclosed charges to electric flux through a surface.

Uploaded by

samrithamahil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Electric Flux, Gauss’s

Law and Application


DR.SREEKALA C O
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
DPT. OF PHYSICS
AMRITA VISHWA VIDYAPEETHAM
AMRITAPURI, KOLLAM
Content

 Electric lines of force and its characteristics


 Electric flux
 Electric Dipole
 Gauss’s Law
 Applications of Gauss’s Law
Electric Lines of Force

 Electric lines are imaginary lines drawn in


such a way that the tangent at any point
gives the direction of electric field intensity
at that point.
 They originate from positive charge and
ends in negative charge
 Number of lines depends on the magnitude
of the charges
 They never intersect
Electric Flux

 Consider flow of a liquid with velocity v, through a


small flat surface dS, in a direction normal to the
surface.
 The rate of flow of liquid (flux of liquid) is the volume
crossing the area per unit time. Ie, v dS
 If the normal to the surface is not parallel to the
direction of flow of liquid, but makes an angle with it,
the projected area in a plane perpendicular to v is dS
cosθ .
 For the electric field, we define an analogous quantity
and call it electric flux.
Electric Flux

Unit of electric flux is N C^–1 m^2.


Electric Dipole

 Two equal and opposite charges separated by very


small distance constitute a dipole
 Dipole moment P= 2aq. It is a vector quantity
 Its direction is from –q to +q.
 Unit is C.m
E along the axis of a dipole
E along the Equatorial line of a Dipole
Dipole in an Uniform Electric Field
Gauss’s Law

 Gauss’s law is a general law in


physics that gives a
relationship between charges
enclosed inside a closed
surface to the total electric
flux passing through the
surface.
Gauss’s Law and Coulomb’s law
Field due to an infinitely long straight
uniformly charged wire

By Gauss’s Law
Field due to a uniformly charged infinite
plane sheet of Charge
Field due to a uniformly charged Thick
sheet of Charge
SUMMARY
Thank you

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