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2022 California Plumbing Code

The 2022 California Plumbing Code, effective January 1, 2023, incorporates the 2021 Uniform Plumbing Code with California-specific amendments. It is part of the California Building Standards Code, which is updated every three years, and local jurisdictions may establish more restrictive standards based on local conditions. Registration is required for updates, and various state agencies are involved in the development and enforcement of these regulations.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)

109 views599 pages

2022 California Plumbing Code

Uploaded by

GUGHAN

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

You are on page 1/ 599

IMPORTANT NOTICE

Your purchase of this code includes

a free subscription for all State
issued supplements and errata.
You must register online at
www.iapmomembership.org/reg
to keep your code up-to-date!

2022 CALIFORNIA
PLUMBING CODE
CALIFORNIA CODE OF REGULATIONS
TITLE 24, PART 5
Based on the 2021 Uniform Plumbing Code®

California Building Standards Commision

Effective January 1, 2023

For Errata and Supplement effective

® dates see the History Note Appendix
Copyright© to 2021 UPC© Held by

International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials

4755 E. Philadelphia Street
Ontario, CA 91761-2816 – USA

First Printing, July 2022

Printed in The United States
PREFACE

This document is Part 5 of thirteen parts of the official triennial compilation and publication of the adoptions, amendments
and repeal of administrative regulations to California Code of Regulations, Title 24, also referred to as the California
Building Standards Code. Part 5 is known as the California Plumbing Code and incorporates, by adoption, the 2021 edition
of the Uniform Plumbing Code of the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials with the California
amendments.

The California Building Standards Code is published in its entirety every three years by order of the California legislature,
with supplements published in intervening years. The California legislature delegated authority to various State agencies,
boards, commissions and departments to create building regulations to implement the State’s statutes. These building
regulations or standards, have the same force of law, and take effect 180 days after their publication unless otherwise
stipulated. The California Building Standards Code applies to occupancies in the State of California as annotated.

A city, county or city and county may establish more restrictive building standards reasonably necessary because of local
climatic, geological or topographical conditions. Findings of the local condition(s) and the adopted local building standard(s)
must be filed with the California Building Standards Commission to become effective and may not be effective sooner than
the effective date of this edition of California Building Standards Code. Local building standards that were adopted and
applicable to previous editions of the California Building Standards Code do not apply to this edition without appropriate
adoption and the required filing.
California Building Standards Commission
2525 Natomas Park Drive, Suite 130
Sacramento, CA 95833-2936
Phone: (916) 263-0916
Web Page: www.dgs.ca.gov/bsc
Email: cbsc@dgs.ca.gov

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The 2022 California Plumbing Code (Code) was developed through the outstanding collaborative efforts of the Department
of Housing and Community Development, Division of State Architect, Office of the State Fire Marshal, Office of Statewide
Health Planning and Development, California Energy Commission, California Department of Public Health, California State
Lands Commission, Board of State and Community Corrections, The Department of Water Resources, The State Historical
Building Safety Board, and the California Building Standards Commission (Commission).

This collaborative effort included the assistance of the Commission’s Code Advisory Committees and many other volunteers
who worked tirelessly to assist the Commission in the production of this Code.

Governor Gavin Newsom

Members of the Building Standards Commission

Secretary Yolanda Richardson – Chair
Rajesh Patel – Vice-Chair

Erick Mikiten Kent Sasaki

Elley Klausbruckner Peter Santillan
Aaron Stockwell Laura Rambin
Juvilyn Alegre

Mia Marvelli – Executive Director

Michael L. Nearman – Deputy Executive Director

For questions on California state agency amendments, please refer to the contact list on page iv.

iii
California Code of Regulations Title 24
California Agency Information Contact List
The following state agencies may propose building standards for publication in Title 24. Request notice of such activity with each agency
of interest. See Sections 1.2.0 through 1.14.0 of the California Building Code (Part 2 of Title 24) for more detailed information on the
regulatory jurisdiction of each state agency.

Board of State and Community Corrections Department of Food and Agriculture

www.bscc.ca.gov ...........................................(916) 445-5073 www.cdfa.ca.gov............................................(916) 900-5004
Local Adult and Juvenile Meat & Poultry Packing Plant Standards
Detention Facility Standards
(916) 900-5008
California Building Standards Commission Rendering & Collection Center Standards, Dairy Standards
www.dgs.ca.gov/bsc ......................................(916) 263-0916
State Buildings including UC and Department of Housing and Community Development
CSU Buildings, Parking Lot and Walkway
www.hcd.ca.gov.............................................(800) 952-8356
Lighting, Green Building Standards
for Non-residential Buildings Residential - Hotels, Motels, Apartments,
Single-Family Dwellings; and
California Energy Commission Permanent Structures in Mobilehome &
www.energy.ca.gov .............Energy Hotline (800) 772-3300 Special Occupancy Parks
Building Efficiency Standards
Appliance Efficiency Standards (916) 445-3338
Compliance Manual/Forms Factory-Built Housing, Manufactured Housing &
Commercial Modular
California State Lands Commission
www.slc.ca.gov ..............................................(562) 499-6312 Mobilehome - Permits & Inspections
Marine Oil Terminals Standards Northern Region - (916) 255-2501
Southern Region - (951) 782-4420
California State Library
www.library.ca.gov .......................................(916) 323-9843 (800) 952-8356
Employee Housing Standards
Department of Consumer Affairs:

Acupuncture Board Department of Public Health

www.acupuncture.ca.gov .......................(916) 515-5200 www.dph.ca.gov ............................................(916) 449-5661
Office Standards Organized Camps Standards
Public Swimming Pools Standards
Board of Pharmacy
www.pharmacy.ca.gov ...........................(916) 518-3100 Department of Water Resources
Pharmacy Standards www.water.ca.gov .........................................(916) 651-7025
Recycled Water Building Standards
Bureau of Barbering and Cosmetology
www.barbercosmo.ca.gov ......................(800) 952-5210 Division of the State Architect
Barber and Beauty Shop, www.dgs.ca.gov/dsa ......................................(916) 445-8100
and College Standards
Access Compliance
Bureau of Household Goods and Services Fire and Life Safety
www.bhgs.dca.ca.gov.............................(916) 999-2041 Structural Safety
Insulation Testing Standards
Public Schools Standards
Structural Pest Control Board Essential Services Building Standards
www.pestboard.ca.gov ...........................(800) 737-8188 Community College Standards
Structural Standards
State Historical Building Safety Board
Veterinary Medical Board www.dgs.ca.gov......................................(916) 445-8100
www.vmb.ca.gov.....................................(916) 515-5220 Historical Rehabilitation, Preservation,
Veterinary Hospital Standards Restoration or Relocation Standards

iv 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

California Code of Regulations Title 24
California Agency Information Contact List (continued)

Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development

AKA: California Department of Health Care Access and
Information (HCAI)
www.hcai.ca.gov ...........................................(916) 440-8300
Hospital Standards
Skilled Nursing Facility Standards &
Clinic Standards

Office of the State Fire Marshal

www.osfm.fire.ca.gov....................................(916) 568-3800
Code Development and Analysis
Fire Safety Standards

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE v

How to Distinguish Between Model Code Language
and
California Amendments
To distinguish between model code language and the incorporated California amendments, including exclusive California
standards, California amendments will appear in italic font print.
[BSC] This is an example of a state agency acronym used to identify an adoption or amendment by the agency. The acronyms
will appear at California Amendments and in the Matrix Adoption Tables. Sections 1.2.0 through 1.14.0 in Chapter 1, Division 1
of this code, explain the used acronyms, the application of state agency adoptions to building occupancies or building features,
the enforcement agency as designated by state law (may be the state adopting agency or local building or fire official), the
authority in state law for the state agency to make the adoption, and the specific state law being implemented by the agency’s
adoption. The following acronyms are used in Title 24 to identify the state adopting agency making an adoption.

Legend of Acronyms of Adopting State Agencies

BSC California Building Standards Commission (see Section 1.2.0)
BSC-CG California Building Standards Commission-CALGreen (see Section 1.2.3)
BSCC Board of State and Community Corrections (see Section 1.3.0)
SFM Office of the State Fire Marshal (see Section 1.11.0)
HCD-1 Department of Housing and Community Development (see Section 1.8.2.1.1)
HCD-2 Department of Housing and Community Development (see Section 1.8.2.1.3)
HCD-1/AC Department of Housing and Community Development (see Section 1.8.2.1.2)
DSA-AC Division of the State Architect-Access Compliance (see Section 1.9.1)
DSA-SS Division of the State Architect-Structural Safety (see Section 1.9.2)
DSA-SS/CCDivision of the State Architect-Structural Safety/Community Colleges
(see Section 1.9.2.2)
OSHPD 1 Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development (see Section 1.10.1)
OSHPD 1R Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development (see Section 1.10.1)
OSHPD 2 Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development (see Section 1.10.2)
OSHPD 3 Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development (see Section 1.10.3)
OSHPD 4 Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development (see Section 1.10.4)
OSHPD 5 Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development (see Section 1.10.5)
DPH Department of Public Health (see Section 1.7.0)
AGR Department of Food and Agriculture (see Section 1.6.0)
CEC California Energy Commission
(see Section 100 in Part 6, the California Energy Code)
CA Department of Consumer Affairs (see Section 1.6.0):
Board of Barbering and Cosmetology
Board of Examiners in Veterinary Medicine
Board of Pharmacy
Acupuncture Board
Bureau of Household Goods and Services
SPCB Structural Pest Control Board
SL State Library (see Section 1.12.0)
SLC State Lands Commission (see Section 1.14.0)
DWR Department of Water Resources (see Section 1.13.0 of Chapter 1 of the California
Plumbing Code in Part 5 of Title 24)
The state agencies are available to answer questions about their adoptions. Contact information is provided on page iv of this code.
To learn more about the use of this code refer to the following pages. Training materials on the application and use of this code
are available at the website of the California Building Standards Commission www.dgs.ca.gov/bsc.

vi 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

CALIFORNIA MATRIX ADOPTION TABLES

Format of the Matrix Adoption Tables

The matrix adoption tables, examples of which follow, are non-regulatory aids intended to show the user which state
agencies have adopted and/or amended given sections of model code. An agency’s statutory authority for certain
occupancies or building applications determines which chapter or section may be adopted, repealed, amended or added. See
Chapter 1, Division I, Sections 1.2.0 through 1.14.0, for agency authority, building application and enforcement
responsibilities.

The side headings identify the scope of the state agencies’ adoption as follows:

Adopt the entire UPC chapter without state amendments.

viii 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

HOW TO DISTINGUISH MODEL CODE LANGUAGE
FROM CALIFORNIA AMENDMENTS
To distinguish between model code language and incorporated California Amendments,
including exclusive California standards, California amendments will appear in italics font
print.

Symbols in the margins indicate the status of code changes as follows:

This symbol identifies which State agency(s) by its “acronym” that has amended a section
[BSC] of the model code. For a complete listing of State agency acronyms, see the Application
Section within Chapter 1, Division I.

This symbol indicates that a change has been made to a California amendment.

This symbol indicates that a section, paragraph, or table has been revised or relocated
within IAPMO model code language.

> This symbol indicates deletion of California language.

This symbol indicates where an entire section, paragraph, or table has been deleted from
IAPMO model code language.

Revision Markings
A double right angle («) in the margin indicates that the text or a table has been relocated
within the code.
TIA
TIA TIA indicates that the revision is the result of a Tentative Interim Amendment.
TIA For further information on tentative interim amendments see Section 5 of the IAPMO
TIA
Regulations Governing Committee Projects available at http://codes.iapmo.org/

A reference in brackets [ ] following a section or paragraph indicates material that has been
extracted from another document. This reprinted material is not the complete and official
position of the source document on the referenced subject that is represented by the standard
in its entirety. Material contained in this document that is taken or extracted from NFPA
standards is used with permission of the National Fire Protection Association. This material
is not the complete and official position of the NFPA on the reference subject, which is
represented solely by the relevant standard in its entirety. NFPA standards can be accessed
at www.nfpa.org. In addition, this extracted material may include revisions or modifications
developed through IAPMO’s standards development process. Therefore, NFPA disclaims
responsibility for the content of this Code.

Text that is extracted pursuant to IAPMO’s Extract Guidelines, but outside of the regular
revision process is denoted with the use of the source document in the margin. This text is
not fully processed by IAPMO in accordance with ANSI’s public announcement consensus
requirements for an American National Standard (ANS) nor approved by ANSI’s Board
of Standards Review. The next revision cycle processes such text in accordance with those
requirements.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE ix

Important Notices and Disclaimers
The 2021 edition of the Uniform Plumbing Code is developed through a consensus
standards development process approved by the American National Standards Institute.
This process brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to
achieve consensus on plumbing issues. While the International Association of Plumbing
and Mechanical Officials (IAPMO) administers the process and establishes rules to promote
fairness in the development of consensus, it does not independently test, evaluate, or verify
the accuracy of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its codes
and standards.

IAPMO disclaims liability for any personal injury, property, or other damages of any nature
whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly
resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance on this document. IAPMO also makes no
guarantee or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any information published
herein.

In issuing and making this document available, IAPMO is not undertaking to render
professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity. Nor is IAPMO
undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone else. Anyone
using this document should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate,
seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care
in any given circumstances.

Updating IAPMO Codes

Users of IAPMO codes should be aware that IAPMO codes may be amended from time to
time through the issuance of Tentative Interim Amendments or corrected by Errata. IAPMO
codes consist of the current edition of the document together with any Tentative Interim
Amendment and any Errata in effect.

In order to determine whether an IAPMO code has been amended through the issuance of
Tentative Interim Amendments or corrected by Errata, please visit the IAPMO Group codes
information pages on IAPMO’s website (www.iapmo.org). The codes information pages
provide a list of IAPMO codes with up-to-date, specific information including any issued
Tentative Interim Amendments and Errata.

To access the codes information pages for a specific code, go to http://codes.iapmo.org to

select from the list of IAPMO codes. For Tentative Interim Amendments, go to the standard
council decisions. For Errata, select the archived revision information.

x 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

FOREWORD

Origin and Development

The advantages of a statewide adopted Uniform Plumbing Code are recognized
throughout the industry. Disorder in the industry because of widely divergent plumbing
practices and the use of many different, often conflicting, plumbing codes by local
jurisdictions influenced the Western Plumbing Officials Association (now the International
Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials [IAPMO]) to form a committee. This
committee of plumbing inspectors, master and journeyman plumbers, and plumbing
engineers, backed by public utility companies and the plumbing industry to create a basic
plumbing document for general use. The product of this effort, the first edition of the
Uniform Plumbing Code® (UPC®) was adopted by IAPMO in 1945. The widespread use
of this code over the past seven decades by jurisdictions throughout the United States
and internationally is testament to its merit.

Publishing of the 2003 Uniform Plumbing Code was a significant milestone because it
was the first time in the history of the United States a plumbing code was developed
through a true consensus process. The 2021 edition represents the most current
approaches in the plumbing field and is the seventh edition developed under the ANSI
consensus process. Contributions to the content of this code consists of diverse interests
as consumers, enforcing authorities, installers/maintainers, labor, manufacturers,
research/standards/ testing laboratories, special experts, and users.

The Uniform Plumbing Code provides consumers with safe and sanitary plumbing
systems while, at the same time, allowing latitude for innovation and new technologies.
The public at large is invited and encouraged to take part in IAPMO’s open consensus
code development process. This code is updated every three years. The Uniform
Plumbing Code is dedicated to all those who, in working to achieve “the ultimate
plumbing code,” have unselfishly devoted their time, effort, and personal funds to create
and maintain this, the finest plumbing code in existence today.

The Uniform Plumbing Code updates every three years in revision cycles that begin twice
each year that takes two years to complete.

Each revision cycle advances according to a published schedule that includes final dates
for all major events and contains four basic steps as follows:
1. Public and Committee Proposal Stage;
2. Comment Stage;
3. Association Technical Meeting;
4. Council Appeals and Issuance of Code.

IAPMO develops “full consensus” codes built on a foundation of maximum participation and
agreement by a broad range of interests. This philosophy has led to producing technically
sound codes that promote health and safety, yet do not stifle design or development.

It is important to stress that the process remains committed to the principles of consensus
code development where consensus Technical Committees and Correlating Committees
revise codes. The public and membership is offered multiple opportunities to debate, provide
input and raise concerns through Amending Motions at the annual Assembly Consideration
Session. Anyone may submit an appeal related to the issuance of a document through the
IAPMO Standards Council.

The 2021 Uniform Plumbing Code is supported by the Mechanical Contractors Association
of America (MCAA), the Plumbing-Heating-Cooling Contractors National Association (PHCC-
NA), the United Association (UA), and the World Plumbing Council (WPC). The presence of
these logos, while reflecting support, does not imply any ownership of the copyright to the
UPC, which is held exclusively by IAPMO. Further, the logos of these associations indicate
the support of IAPMO’s open consensus process being used to develop IAPMO’s codes and
standards.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE xi

FOREWORD

The addresses of the organizations are as follows:

ASSE – 18927 Hickory Creek Drive, Suite 220 • Mokena, IL 60448 • (708) 995-3019
MCAA – 1385 Piccard Drive • Rockville, MD 20850 • (301) 869-5800
PHCC-NA – PO Box 6808 • Falls Church, VA 22040-6808 • (800) 533-7694
UA – Three Park Place • Annapolis, MD 21401 • (410) 269-2000
WPC – World Plumbing Council Secretariat, Auf der Mauer 11 • Postfach CH 8021 • Zurich,
Switzerland • www.WorldPlumbing.org

Adoption
The Uniform Plumbing Code is available for adoption and use by jurisdictions in the
United States and Internationally. Its use within a governmental jurisdiction is
accomplished through adoption by reference in accordance with applicable jurisdictional
laws. At adoption, jurisdictions should insert the applicable information in bracketed words
in the sample ordinance. The sample legislation for adoption of the Uniform Plumbing
Code on page xiii provides key components, regulations and resolutions.

Revision Markings
Solid vertical lines in the margins indicate a technical change from the requirements of the
2021 edition. An arrow ( ) in the margin indicates where an entire section, paragraph,
exception, figure, or table has been deleted, or an item in a list of items or a table has been
deleted.

«
A double right angle ( ) in the margin indicates that the text or a table has been relocated
within the code. The table found on page xv points out the relocations in the 2021 edition of
the Uniform Plumbing Code.

TIA TIA indicates that the revision is the result of a Tentative Interim Amendment.
TIA
TIA For further information on tentative interim amendments see Section 5 of the IAPMO
TIA Regulations Governing Committee Projects available at http://codes.iapmo.org/

A reference in brackets [ ] following a section or paragraph indicates material that has been
extracted from another document. A reference in brackets { } following a section or
paragraph indicates material that has been extracted from another document and has been
modified further by the Technical Committee. This reprinted material is not the complete
and official position of the source document on the referenced subject that is represented
by the standard in its entirety. Material contained in this document that is taken or extracted
from NFPA standards is used with permission of the National Fire Protection Association.
This material is not the complete and official position of the NFPA on the reference subject,
which is represented solely by the relevant standard in its entirety. NFPA standards can be
accessed at www.nfpa.org. In addition, this extracted material may include revisions or
modifications developed through IAPMO’s standards development process. Therefore,
NFPA disclaims responsibility for the content of this Code.

Text that is extracted pursuant to IAPMO’s Extract Guidelines, but outside of the regular
revision process is denoted with the use of the source document in the margin. This text is
not fully processed by IAPMO in accordance with ANSI’s public announcement consensus
requirements for an American National Standard (ANS) nor approved by ANSI’s Board of
Standards Review. The next revision cycle processes such text in accordance with those
requirements.

xii 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

FORMAT OF THE UNIFORM PLUMBING CODE

The format of the Uniform Plumbing Code (UPC) arranges each chapter in accordance with a
specific subject matter. However, Chapter 3 is dedicated to general requirements that are
applicable to every chapter. The subject matters are divided as follows:

CHAPTERS SUBJECTS
1 Administration
2 Definitions
3 General Regulations
4 Plumbing Fixtures and Fixture Fittings
5 Water Heaters
6 Water Supply and Distribution
7 Sanitary Drainage
8 Indirect Wastes
9 Vents
10 Traps and Interceptors
11 Storm Drainage
12 Fuel Gas Piping
Health Care Facilities and Medical Gas and
13
Medical Vacuum Systems
14 Firestop Protection
Alternate Water Sources for Nonpotable
15
Applications
16 Nonpotable Rainwater Catchment Systems
17 Referenced Standards
Recommended Rules for Sizing the Water
Appendix A
Supply System
Explanatory Notes on Combination Waste
Appendix B
and Vent Systems
Appendix C Alternate Plumbing Systems
Appendix D Sizing Storm Water Drainage Systems
Manufactured/Mobile Home Parks and
Appendix E
Recreational Vehicle Parks
Firefighter Breathing Air Replenishment
Appendix F
Systems
Appendix G Sizing of Venting Systems
Appendix H Private Sewage Disposal Systems
Appendix I Installation Standards
Combination of Indoor and Outdoor
Appendix J
Combustion and Ventilation Opening Design
Appendix K Potable Rainwater Catchment Systems
Appendix L Sustainable Practices
Appendix M Peak Water Demand Calculator
Impact of Water Temperature on the
Appendix N
Potential for Scalding and Legionella Growth

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE xiii

FORMAT OF THE UNIFORM PLUMBING CODE

The following is a summary of the scope and intent of the provisions addressed within the chapters and appendices of the
Uniform Plumbing Code:

Chapter 1 Administration.
Chapter 1 regulates the application, enforcement, and administration of subsequent requirements of the code. As well as
establishing the scope of the code, this chapter is concerned with enforcing the requirements contained in the body of the
code. A plumbing code, as with any other code, is intended to be adopted as a legally enforceable document to safeguard
health, safety, property and public welfare. The code cannot be effective without satisfactory provisions for its administration
and enforcement. The Authority Having Jurisdiction is to review the proposed and completed work and to decide whether a
plumbing system conforms to the code requirements. As a public servant, the Authority Having Jurisdiction enforces the code
in an unbiased, proper manner. The design professional is responsible for the design of a safe plumbing system. The
contractor is responsible for installing the system in accordance with the plans.

Chapter 2 Definitions.
To maintain consistency and encourage the use of common terminology, Chapter 2 establishes definitions to provide clarity of
terms and promote the use of a common language throughout the code. Understanding definitions within the context of their
application enables greater collaboration, efficiency, standardization and interpretation in applying and enforcing terms used
throughout the code. Codes are technical documents, and every term can impact the meaning of the code text. Terms not
defined have a normally accepted meaning.

Chapter 3 General Regulations.

Chapter 3 regulates the general requirements, not specific to other chapters, for installing plumbing systems. Many
regulations are not specific plumbing requirements, but relate to the overall plumbing system. This chapter contains safety
requirements for installing plumbing and also contains nonplumbing requirements for identifying pipe, pipe fittings, traps,
fixtures, materials and devices used in plumbing systems. Listing method of approval, based on applicable nationally
recognized standards, for the safe and proper installation of plumbing systems is essential to ensure protection of public
health, safety, and welfare. The safety requirements provide protection for piping, material, and structures, with provisions for
installation practices, removing stress and strain of the pipe, sleeving, and hanger support. The building’s structural stability is
protected by the regulations for cutting and notching of structural members.

Chapter 4 Plumbing Fixtures and Fixture Fittings.

This chapter regulates the minimum number of plumbing fixtures of a specific type and quality for each building. The fixtures
must be properly installed to be usable by the individuals occupying the building. The quality and design of every fixture must
conform to the applicable referenced standard. Compliance with this chapter will result in a building or structure having
acceptable plumbing fixtures for the sanitary, hygienic, cleaning, washing and food preparation needs of the occupants.

Chapter 5 Water Heaters.

Chapter 5 regulates the design, approval, installation, and safety devices of fuel burning and other types of water heaters with
the combustion air requirements for ventilation and dilution of flue gases for appliances installed in buildings. This chapter
does not apply to direct-vent appliances. In addition, this chapter regulates the design, construction, installation, maintenance
of chimneys, vents and their connections to fuel burning appliances. Methods to supply combustion air may be supplied from
an indoor air supply, outdoor air supply, a combination of indoor and outdoor air supply, mechanical air supply, or an
engineered system. Combustion air provisions are based on the number of openings and the total opening size required
based on the total energy input rating of the appliance. Acceptable air supply for combustion and ventilation is necessary for
proper operation of fuel burning appliances. A shortage of combustion air can result in incomplete combustion and production
of poisonous gases, such as carbon monoxide or appliance overheating. Ventilation air provides cooling for the appliance
casing and internal controls. Inadequate ventilation of the space in which an appliance is installed can result in increased
surrounding temperatures that stress the appliance itself or other appliances in the vicinity.

Chapter 6 Water Supply and Distribution.

Chapter 6 regulates the design, material and installation of water supply and distribution systems, including residential fire
sprinklers. The water supply and distribution system is designed to achieve the correct water pressure and flow rates and
avoid cross connections. For fixtures to perform properly, an acceptable supply of potable water is essential to their operation

xiv 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

FORMAT OF THE UNIFORM PLUMBING CODE

and use. Cross connections and backflow are ranked as the highest priority because of the long history of recognized health
risks posed by cross connections, outbreaks, or cases of waterborne disease. Piping materials and components are evaluated
for their possible effect on the potable water with which they are in contact. The intent is to control the potential adverse health
effects produced by indirect additives, products, and materials that come in contact with potable water. When selecting
materials for water supply and distribution systems, consider water pressure, water temperature, compatibility with the water
supply, durability, support, and sustainability.

In addition, this chapter regulates the design, location, materials, and installation of multipurpose and stand-alone sprinkler
systems that do not include the use of antifreeze. Where systems are installed as a portion of the water distribution system
under the requirements of this chapter and are not provided with a fire department connection, backflow protection for the
water supply system is not required.

Chapter 7 Sanitary Drainage.

This chapter regulates the design and installation of sanitary drainage systems to ensure they will work as intended. Drainage
piping should not be oversized nor undersized, and constructed of approved materials to guard against fouling, deposit of
solids, clogging, and with cleanouts so arranged that the pipes may be readily cleaned. The purpose of the sanitary drainage
system is to remove effluent discharged from plumbing fixtures and other equipment to an approved point of disposal, such as
a public sanitary system or private sewage disposal system.

The basics of a sanitary drainage system include public and private sewage disposal; selection of materials; installation of the
building drain and sewer; joining methods for pipe and fittings; drainage fixture units for sizing the drainage system; sumps
and ejectors; vent sizing and length of vents; and testing.

Chapter 8 Indirect Wastes.

Chapter 8 regulates indirect waste connections that are required for plumbing fixtures and plumbing appliances dealing with
food preparation, dishwashing, potable liquids, and similar equipment. An indirect connection prevents sewage from backing
up into a fixture or appliance, thus providing protection against potential health hazards. The waste pipe discharges through
an air gap or air break into a waste receptor or standpipe. The protection in the form of an air gap is necessary when the
contamination is a potential health hazard or cross connection with the potable water system. Where there is no possibility of
contaminating the potable water (nonpotable discharge), the indirect waste pipe may connect in the form of an air break. This
method is often preferred to prevent splashing. In addition, health care facilities and special wastes must be protected from
contamination that may result from the connection to the drainage system. The waste must be treated to prevent any damage
to the piping or sewage treatment process. Waste receptors are sized and designed to prevent splashing and allow for peak
discharge conditions.

Chapter 9 Vents.
Chapter 9 regulates the material, design, and installation of vents. A vent system is a pipe or pipes installed in a drainage
system that provide a flow of air to and from the system to ventilate it, provide a circulation of air to eliminate trap siphonage,
and reduce back-pressure and vacuum surge. In addition, vents provide the rapid and silent flow of waste without exposing
occupants of the building to any sewer gases. Proper installation of vents is crucial, as a telltale sign that there is a problem in
the drain and vent system is related to the elevation of the horizontal portion of the venting. Venting is not limited to sanitary
drainage systems. Venting methods are applicable to other drainage systems such as those for chemical waste, graywater
waste, and clear water waste. Sizing the venting system is directly tied to the design of the drainage system. For example, the
velocities in the drainage system and its peak flow rates affect the diameters in the venting system. Where the vertical
distance between a fixture outlet and trap is excessive, velocities in the entire drainage system will be greater than those in
the vent sizing table. All venting methods in this chapter are categorized as either dry vents or wet vents. Vent stacks, stack
vents, branch vents, island vents, relief vents, and individual vents are dry vents. Wet vents (horizontal or vertical), circuit
vents, combination drain and vents are versions of “wet venting” in which the vent is wetted by drainage flow.

Chapter 10 Traps and Interceptors.

Chapter 10 regulates the material, design, and installation of traps, interceptors, and separators. Traps are required on
drainage type plumbing fixtures and must be self-scouring without interior partitions. Interceptors, on the other hand, are
designed to control what goes down a drain. Interceptors are used to keep harmful substances from entering the sanitary

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE xv

FORMAT OF THE UNIFORM PLUMBING CODE

drainage system, such as grease, sand, oil and other materials. The retained materials need periodic removal to maintain
efficiency and function of the separating device. The capacity of an interceptor is based on retention and flow rate. There are
many types of interceptors that are used at beauty salons, hospitals, meat, fish or foul packaging, refineries, repair garages,
gas stations, car washing facilities, various plants, factories, and processing sites. The designer of the building is responsible
for locating interceptors with the expectation for the frequency of maintenance, ease of cleaning and floor space for
equipment.

Chapter 11 Storm Drainage.

Chapter 11 regulates the removal of stormwater from roofs, yards, paved areas, and similar areas. The objective of storm
drainage systems is to provide a conduit or channel through which runoff will be carried from a point of collection to a point of
disposal; this protects the property and the public from the uncontrolled flow of runoff and ensures that drains and inlets are
adequately sized to receive the volume of runoff that flows to the drains. For the purpose of system design, it’s necessary to
specify the duration of a selected storm. All methods used to determine volumes and peak flow use historical data. Drain
location must be coordinated with the architectural design of the building. When selecting the type of roof drain to use, the roof
construction and its thickness, along with the intended use of the roof, are required. Where the roof perimeter extends above
the roof in such a manner that water is entrapped and causes ponding, or if any portion of the roof is designed so water can
pond, secondary drainage is required. Where secondary drainage is required, scuppers, or a secondary system of roof drains
and pipes, are installed to prevent the accumulation of excessive rainwater.

Chapter 12 Fuel Gas Piping.

Chapter 12 regulates the installation of gas piping in a building, structure or within the property lines of buildings up to 5 psi.
Gas piping systems must supply the minimum volume of gas required by each gas appliance to perform their proper operation
under working conditions without exceeding the maximum pressure specified by each manufacturer. Because of the hazards
associated with fuel gas, it is important to ensure the gas system has been inspected and tested, and that it is safe to turn on
the gas supply to the building.

Chapter 13 Health Care Facilities and Medical Gas and Medical Vacuum Systems.
Chapter 13 regulates the installation, inspection, testing, maintenance, performance, and safe practices for medical gas and
vacuum systems located in health care facilities. This chapter addresses the installation and maintenance of health care
fixtures, devices, and equipment. The purpose of medical gas and medical vacuum systems is to provide safe and sufficient
flows at required pressures to the medical gas outlet or vacuum inlet terminals. System design and layout should allow
convenient access by the medical staff to outlet and inlet terminals, valves, and equipment during patient care or
emergencies, as safety is of primary concern.

Chapter 14 Firestop Protection.

Chapter 14 regulates piping penetrations of fire-resistance-rated walls, partitions, floors, floor and ceiling assemblies, roof and
ceiling assemblies, or shaft enclosures through firestopping. To firestop is to create a physical barrier that impedes the spread
of smoke, gases, and flames from one compartment in the building design to the next. The firestop is seen as a part that is
essential to protecting the lives of people who live or work in the structure, increasing the chances of not succumbing to
smoke or gases before they are able to evacuate the building. Fireproofing of this type helps to restore the fire-resistant
properties of the building materials before the openings were created as part of the construction process.

Chapter 15 Alternate Water Sources for Nonpotable Applications.

Chapter 15 regulates gray water sources, reclaimed (recycled) water sources and on-site treated nonpotable water systems.
Water sources include subsurface irrigation, subsoil irrigation, and mulch basin systems. Subsoil water irrigation provides a
means to disperse shallow drip irrigation lines and mulch basins that collect and spread water in various applications. The
reclaimed water provisions to on-site nonpotable water systems include gray water and other nonpotable water sources that
are used for on-site applications. Water reuse is integral to sustainable water management because it allows water to remain
in the environment and be preserved for future use while meeting the water requirements of the present. Water reuse reduces
energy use by removing added potable water treatment, offsetting water demands, and providing water for energy production.

xvi 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

FORMAT OF THE UNIFORM PLUMBING CODE

Chapter 16 Nonpotable Rainwater Catchment Systems.

Chapter 16 regulates nonpotable rainwater catchment systems that include irrigation; toilet and urinal flushing with proper
treatment; provisions where permits are required; maintenance of alternate water sources; and minimum water quality. This
chapter provides guidance on how to optimize rainwater use while ensuring there is a decrease of risk to consumers from
poor design, installation, and maintenance. Rainwater harvesting is the process of capturing, channeling, and storing water
runoff for later use. Most systems are constructed of three principal components: the catchment area, the collection device,
and the conveyance system.

Chapter 17 Referenced Standards.

Chapter 17 provides two comprehensive tables with referenced standards. The standards listed in Table 1701.1 are applied
as indicated in the applicable reference section(s). A list of additional approved standards, publications, practices, and guides
that are not referenced in specific sections appear in Table 1701.2.

Referenced standards set forth specific details of accepted practices, materials specifications, or test methods in many
specialized applications. Standards provide an efficient method of conveying complex information and specifications on the
performance requirements for materials, products, systems, application, and installation. The manner and purpose for a
standard’s use and, in turn, code compliance, must be definitive in all references to the standard. If the standard is intended to
be a requirement for judging code compliance, the code must state its intent for use. The standard should adequately address
a defined need and at the same time specify the minimum performance requirements, technical characteristics and methods
of testing, and required test results.

The referenced standards tables are organized in a manner that makes it easy to find specific standards in alphabetical order,
and by acronym of the publishing agency of the standard. The tables list the title of the standard, the edition, and any
addenda. Contact information for each publishing agency is provided at the end of the chapter.

Appendix A Recommended Rules for Sizing the Water Supply System.

Appendix A provides a method of sizing the water supply and distribution system that provides precise calculations to
establish the proper pressures and flow to the system’s fixtures. The goal of sizing the system is to deliver an acceptable
volume of water to the most hydraulically remote fixture during minimum pressure and maximum flow conditions; provide
satisfactory water pressure to the most hydraulically remote fixture during minimum pressure and maximum flow conditions;
and to prevent excessive water velocity during maximum flow conditions.

Appendix B Explanatory Notes on Combination Waste and Vent Systems.

Appendix B contains general guidelines for the design and installation of combination waste and vent systems. These
systems are designed for waste piping and are purposely oversized to serve as both a waste and vent pipe to avoid excessive
pneumatic effects at fixture drains.

Appendix C Alternate Plumbing Systems.

The intent of this appendix is to provide clarification of procedures for the design and approval of engineered plumbing
systems, alternate materials, and equipment that are not specifically covered in other parts of the code. Alternative methods
are allowed to be used where approved by the authority having jurisdiction. Approval of alternatives is based on a
demonstration showing that the method or material used is at least equivalent in strength, deflection, and capacity to that
provided by the prescriptive methods and materials.

Appendix D Sizing Storm Water Drainage Systems.

Appendix D provides general guidelines for the sizing of stormwater drainage systems. There are two pieces of information
that must always be a given. They are the roof size and the rate of rainfall for the area.

Appendix E Manufactured/Mobile Home Parks and Recreational Vehicle Parks.

The provisions of this appendix apply to the plumbing and drainage systems of mobile home and recreational vehicle parks.
These provisions also apply to the use, maintenance, and installation for supplying fuel gas, water, electricity, and disposal of
sewage from accessory buildings or structures, and building components.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE xvii

FORMAT OF THE UNIFORM PLUMBING CODE

Appendix F Firefighter Breathing Air Replenishment Systems.

Appendix F provides guidance on installing firefighter breathing air replenishment systems. System components include
outside fire department connection panel, interior air fill panel or station, interconnected piping distribution system and
pressure monitoring switch. Fire departments access the system through an outside connection panel and are able to pump
air into the system. The firefighters inside the structure access the system at fill stations that are found throughout the
building. The piping distribution system is made from stainless tubing or other approved materials. It delivers compressed air
to the building interior air fill stations and interior air fill panels. The tubing also acts as a conduit in the interior of the building
between the outside connection panel and the air storage system. If the system becomes over-pressurized, the air monitoring
system also acts as a pressure relief. A system isolation valve is placed alongside each interior air fill station and interior air fill
panel to isolate the system.

Appendix G Sizing of Venting Systems.

Appendix G provides added information on the sizing of gas vents. This appendix is useful to the end user for the proper sizing
of venting systems. A series of examples are given that show how to use the tables and other requirements of Chapter 5.

Appendix H Private Sewage Disposal Systems.

Appendix H provides general guidelines for the materials, design, and installation of new or existing private sewage disposal
systems. Where a building cannot be served by a public sewer system, the building site must be provided with a system for
treating the waste water generated from the use of plumbing fixtures in the building. The appendix addresses site evaluations,
materials, soil absorption systems, holding tanks, cesspools and on-site waste-water treatment systems. Private sewage
disposal systems must be designed based on the soil conditions, constructed using approved materials, and installed
according to prescribed dimensions.

Appendix I Installation Standards.

Installation Standards (IS) are industry standards that specify procedures for installation of plumbing and mechanical
products, and the inspection methods and procedures employed for the examination of such systems. These comprehensive
standards add detailed information and guidance where a manufacturer or product installation instructions may not fully
address. They give the user confidence with options from industry experts for installing plumbing products and assemblies in
a safe and professional manner.

Appendix J Combination of Indoor and Outdoor Combustion and Ventilation Opening Design.
Appendix J provides an example of how to determine the required combination of indoor and outdoor combustion air opening
sizes for appliances. The combustion air example also provides a table that contains the required volume of a space per the
appliance Btu/h input that is based on the standard method.

Appendix K Potable Rainwater Catchment Systems.

Potable rainwater catchment system is defined as a system that uses the principal of collecting and using rain from a rooftop
or other man-made, aboveground collection surface. This appendix applies to new rainwater catchment installations, as well
as changes, additions, maintenance, and repairs to existing installations. Rainwater harvesting is the practice of collecting the
water produced during rainfall events before it has a chance to run off into a river or stream or soak into the ground and
become groundwater.

Appendix L Sustainable Practices.

This appendix provides a comprehensive set of technically sound provisions that encourage sustainable practices and works
toward improving the design and construction of plumbing systems that result in a positive long-term environmental impact.
Environmental sustainability is important because it involves natural resources that human beings need for economic or
manufactured capital. Their sustainability is defined by their reliance on infinitely available resources that are naturally
occurring, constant, and free to access.

xviii 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

FORMAT OF THE UNIFORM PLUMBING CODE

Appendix M Peak Water Demand Calculator.

This appendix provides a method for estimating the demand load for the building water supply and principal branches for
single- and multi-family dwellings with water-conserving plumbing fixtures, fixture fittings, and appliances.

Appendix N Impact Of Water Temperature On The Potential For Scalding And Legionella Growth.
Legionnaires’ disease is a serious issue that is a threat to many citizens. It is known that the higher the temperature, the lower
the risk for Legionella growth, but the higher the temperature, the higher the possibility for scalding. This appendix addresses
Legionella growth potential and scald potential within specified temperature ranges. It contains definitions for terms used to
describe water temperatures such as cold, tepid, warm, tempered hot, and disinfecting hot. Since plumbing systems operate
within various temperature ranges, the public has a document that identifies such temperature ranges and the “potential”
dangers within these temperature ranges.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE xix

SAMPLE LEGISLATION FOR ADOPTION OF THE UNIFORM PLUMBING CODE

The Uniform Codes are designed to be adopted by jurisdictions through an ordinance. Jurisdictions wishing to
adopt the 2021 Uniform Plumbing Code as an enforceable regulation governing plumbing systems by reference
should ensure the legal basis under which adoption and implementation are included in the ordinance.

The following sample ordinance is a guide for drafting an ordinance for adoption that addresses key components
regulations and resolutions.

ORDINANCE NO.
An ordinance of the [JURISDICTION] adopting the 2021 edition of the Uniform Plumbing Code, regulating and
controlling the design, construction, quality of materials, erection, installation, alteration, repair, location,
relocation, replacement, addition to, use or maintenance of plumbing systems in the [JURISDICTION]; providing
for the issuance of permits and collection of fees therefor; repealing Ordinance No. of the [JURISDICTION] and
all other ordinances and parts of the ordinances in conflict therewith.

The [GOVERNING BODY] of the [JURISDICTION] does ordain as follows:

Section 1 Codes Adopted by Reference. That certain documents, three (3) copies of which are on file in the
office of the [JURISDICTION'S KEEPER OF RECORDS] and the [JURISDICTION], being marked and
designated as the 2021 Uniform Plumbing Code, including Appendix Chapters [FILL IN THE APPENDIX
CHAPTERS BEING ADOPTED], as published by the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical
Officials, be and is hereby adopted as the Code of the [JURISDICTION], in the State of [STATE NAME]
regulating and controlling the design, construction, quality of materials, erection, installation, alteration, repair,
location, relocation, replacement, addition to, use or maintenance of plumbing systems as herein provided;
providing for the issuance of permits and collection of fees therefor; and each and all of the regulations,
provisions, penalties, conditions and terms of such 2021 Uniform Plumbing Code on file in the office of the
[JURISDICTION] are hereby referred to, adopted, and made a part hereof, as if fully set out in this ordinance.

Section 2 Modifications. The following sections are hereby revised:

Section 101.1. Insert: [NAME OF JURISDICTION]
Section 104.5. Insert: [APPROPRIATE FEE SCHEDULE]

Section 3 Conflicting Ordinances Repealed. That Ordinance No. of [JURISDICTION] entitled

[TITLE OF THE ORDINANCE OR ORDINANCES IN EFFECT AT THE PRESENT TIME SO THAT THEY WILL BE
REPEALED BY MENTION] and all other ordinances or parts of ordinances in conflict herewith are hereby repealed.

Section 4 Preemption. [JURISDICTION] hereby fully occupies and preempts the entire field of regulation of
design, construction, quality of materials, erection, installation, alteration, repair, location, relocation,
replacement, addition to, use or maintenance of plumbing systems; and provision for the issuance of permits
and collection of fees therefor; within the boundaries of [JURISDICTION]. [AS APPROPRIATE] Cities, towns,
and counties or other municipalities may enact only those laws and ordinances relating to this field as
specifically authorized by state law and consistent with this ordinance. Local laws and ordinances that are
inconsistent with, more restrictive than, or exceed the requirements of [ORDINANCE NO.] shall not be enacted
and are hereby expressly preempted and repealed, regardless of the nature of the code, charter, or home rule
status of such city, town, county, or municipality.

Section 5 Severability. That if any section, subsection, sentence, clause or phrase of this ordinance is, for any
reason, held to be unconstitutional, such decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining portions of this
ordinance. The [GOVERNING BODY] hereby declares that it would have passed this ordinance, and each
section, subsection, clause or phrase thereof, irrespective of the fact that any one or more sections, subsections,
sentences, clauses and phrases be declared unconstitutional.
Section 6 Legal Notice. That the [JURISDICTION'S KEEPER OF RECORDS] is hereby ordered and directed to
cause this ordinance to be published. (An additional provision may be required to direct the number of times the
ordinance is to be published and to specify that it is to be in a newspaper in general circulation. Posting may
also be required.)
Section 7 Violations and Penalties. [INCORPORATE PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS]
Section 8 Effective Date. That this ordinance and the rules, regulations, provisions, requirements, orders and
matters established and adopted hereby shall take effect and be in full force and effect [TIME PERIOD] from and
after the date of its final passage and adoption.

xx 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

COMMITTEE ON UNIFORM PLUMBING CODE

These lists represent the membership at the time the Committee was balloted on the final text of this edition. Since that time, changes in the
membership may have occurred.

IAPMO Standards Council

Bill Erickson, Chairman
CJ Erickson Plumbing Company [U]
JT Baca, State of New Mexico [E] Linden Raimer, Raimer Consulting Services, LLC [U]
Carl Crimmins, MN State Pipe Trades, Retired [SE] Ron Rice, City of St. Paul, Retired [C]
James Majerowicz, Plumbers JAC LU 130 [L] Robert “Bud” Riestenberg, Piping Systems, Inc. [U]
Rich Prospal, Prospal Consulting Services [C]

Nonvoting
Gabriella M. Davis, Secretary Hugo Aguilar, Recording Secretary
International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials

IAPMO Uniform Plumbing Code Technical Committee

Dan Daniels, Chairman
Self [C]
Bob Adler, City of San Jose [E] Rick Moreno Astro Mechanical/CPMCA [I/M]
Sarah Aguilar McCabe Plumbing [I/M] John Nielsen State of Idaho – Division of Building Safety [E]
Julius Ballanco JB Engineering & Code Consulting [SE] Phil Ribbs PHR Consultants [SE]
Domenico Barbato, City of Los Angeles Department of Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing [I/M]
Building & Safety [E] Robert Sewell UA Local 159 [L]
DJ Berger National ITC Corporation [U] Matt Sigler Plumbing Manufacturers International (PMI) [M]
Raymond Boyd, United Association [L] Billy Smith ASPE [SE]
Jeremy Brown, NSF International [R/S/T] Larry Soskin ACE Duraflo [M]
Richard Church, Plastic Pipe & Fittings Association (PPFA) [M] Jim Stack, Plumbing Heating Cooling Contractors (PHCC) [I/M]
Pennie Feehan Copper Development Association (CDA) [M] Don Taylor Dittmann Plumbing [U]
Dave Mann, CA State Pipe Trades [L]

Alternates
Gary Bonetti Jr, Local 342 [L] David Ledda, City/County of San Francisco [E]
Terry Burger, NSF International [R/S/T] James Pavesic, United Association [L]
Michael Cudahy, Plastic Pipe & Fittings Association (PPFA) [M] Chuck White, Plumbing Heating Cooling Contractors (PHCC) [I/M]
Shawn Hargis, City of Los Angeles Department of Building & Safety [E]

Nonvoting
Heath Dehn, National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) [R/S/T] Laura Moreno, National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) [R/S/T]
Enrique Gonzalez, IAPMO Staff Liaison David Straub, Ex-Officio IAPMO [E]
Doug Marian, ASSE [R/S/T]

COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP CLASSIFICATION ABBREVIATIONS

These classifications apply to Technical Committee members and represent their principal interest in the activity of a committee.

M Manufacturer: A representative of a maker or marketer of a product, assembly or system, or portion thereof, that is affected by the
standard.
U User: A representative of an entity that is subject to the provisions of the standard or that voluntarily uses the standard.
I/M Installer/Maintainer: A representative of an entity that is in the business of installing or maintaining a product, assembly or system
affected by the standard.
L Labor: A labor representative or employee concerned with safety in the workplace.
R/S/T Research/Standards/Testing Laboratory: A representative of an independent research organization; an organization that develops
codes, standards or other similar documents; or an independent testing laboratory.
E Enforcing Authority: A representative or an agency or an organization that promulgates and/or enforces standards.
C Consumer: A person who is, or represents, the ultimate purchaser of a product, system, or service affected by the standard, but who is
not included in the User classification.
SE Special Expert: A person not representing any of the previous classifications, but who has special expertise in the scope of the standard or
portion thereof.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE xxi

SECTION RELOCATION

2021 Location 2018 Location 2021 Location 2018 Location

209.0 General Anesthesia and 1307.0 1312.0
214.0 Levels of Sedation
Levels of Sedation/Analgesia
1307.1 1301.4
209.0 Deep Sedation/Analgesia 214.0 Deep Sedation/Analgesia
1307.3, 1307.4 1312.1, 1312.2
209.0 General Anesthesia 214.0 General Anesthesia
1308.0 – 1308.2 1315.0 – 1315.2
209.0 Minimal Sedation 214.0 Minimal Sedation
(Anxiolysis) (Anxiolysis) 1308.3 1312.3
209.0 Moderate Sedation/ 214.0 Moderate Sedation/ 1310.0, 1310.1 1313.0, 1313.1
Analgesia (Conscious Sedation) Analgesia (Conscious Sedation)
210.0 Health Care Facility’s 1310.3 – 1310.3.2 1313.2 – 1313.2.2
209.0 Governing Body
Governing Body 1310.4 1313.7
216.0 Nonwater Urinal with
223.0 Urinal, Hybrid 1310.5 1313.7.2
Drain Cleansing Action
509.3.4 509.3.4.1 1311.1, 1311.2 1313.5, 1313.5.1
1311.3 – 1311.6 1313.6 – 1313.6.3
509.6.1(2) – 509.6.1(7) 509.6.1.1 – 509.6.1.6
1312.0 – 1312.2 1314.0 – 1314.2
509.6.1.1 509.6.1.7
509.7.4(1) – 509.7.4(3) 509.7.4.1 – 509.7.4.3 1312.3 1314.4

609.9 – 609.12.2 609.8 – 609.11.2 1313.1 – 1313.5 1314.5 – 1314.5.4

Table 702.1(1) Table 702.2(1) 1314.0 1311.0

Table 702.2 Table 702.2(2) 1314.2 1311.1.1

911.3 911.4 1314.3 1311.1.3

911.3.1 911.4.1 1314.4 1311.1.2

911.3.2 911.4.2 1314.5 1311.1

1208.6.4.2 – 1208.6.4.5 1208.6.4.1 – 1208.6.4.4 1314.6 – 1314.10 1311.2 – 1311.6
1208.6.7.1 – 1208.6.7.3 1208.6.7(1) – 1208.6.7(3) 1314.10.3 1311.6.3
1208.6.9 – 1208.6.10 1208.6.10 – 1208.6.11 1314.11 1311.7
Table 1208.6.9.2 Table 1208.6.10.2 1314.12, 1314.12.1 1311.9, 1311.9.1
1208.6.10.1 1208.6.11.2 1315.0 – 1315.3 1316.0 – 1316.2.1
1208.6.10.4 – 1208.6.13.5 1208.6.11.3 – 1208.6.14.5 1315.15 1316.3
1208.8.6, 1208.8.7 1208.8.7, 1208.8.8 1316.1, 1316.2 1315.2.2, 1315.3
1208.10.6 1208.8.6 1317.1.2 1317.1.1
1208.11 – 1208.15.1 1208.10 – 1208.14.1 1318.0 – 1318.4 1308.0 – 1308.4
1210.3 1210.2 1318.6 1310.1
1210.3.1 1208.6.9 1319.1 1308.5
1210.3.2 – 1210.8.2 1210.2.1 – 1210.7.2 1320.0 – 1320.2.1 1309.0 – 1309.3
Table 1210.3.5.1 Table 1210.2.4.1 1321.1 – 1321.5 1309.4 – 1309.4.4
1211.4 – 1211.7.1 1211.3 – 1211.6.1 1321.7 – 1321.12.4 1309.5 – 1309.10.4
1301.4, 1301.5 1301.5, 1301.6 1322.1 1309.16
1302.1.2, 1302.1.3 1302.1.1, 1302.1.2 1322.1.1 1309.16.2
1304.2 – 1304.5 1304.5 – 1304.6.3 1322.1.3 1309.16.3
1306.0 – 1306.3 1319.0 – 1319.3 1322.1.5, 1322.2 1309.16.4, 1309.17
1306.4 1317.4 1322.2.1 1309.16.1

xxii 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

SECTION RELOCATION

2021 Location 2018 Location 2021 Location 2018 Location

1322.3 – 1322.5 1309.11 – 1309.13 1324.5.7 – 1324.5.7.2 1318.16 – 1318.16.2
1322.6 1309.15 1324.5.8 1309.8.9(4)
1322.6.1 1309.14 1324.5.9 – 1324.5.9.2 1309.8.9(1) – 1309.8.9(3)
1322.7 1309.18 1324.5.9.3, 1324.5.9.4 1309.8.9(5), 1309.8.9(6)
1323.0 1310.0 1324.5.10.1 – 1324.5.11 1318.14.3 – 1318.15
1323.1 – 1323.1.6 1310.2 – 1310.2.6 Table 1324.5.11 Table 1318.15
Table 1323.1.4(1) Table 1310.2.1(2) 1325.1 1304.3
Table 1323.1.4(2) Table 1310.2.1(3) 1325.4 1313.3
Table 1323.1.4(3) Table 1310.2.1(4) 1325.6 1314.2.1
Table 1323.1.4(4) Table 1310.2.1(5) 1325.10 1317.2
Table 1323.1.4(5) Table 1310.2.1(6) 1326.1 1304.4
Table 1323.1.4(6) Table 1310.2.1(7) 1327.2 1311.8
Table 1323.1.5(1) Table 1310.2.1(1) 1327.3 1317.3
Table 1323.1.5(2) Table 1310.2.2(1) Table 1327.6 Table 1310.5.4(2)
1323.2 – 1323.2.2 1310.3 – 1310.3.2 1327.7 – 1327.7.6 1318.11 – 1318.11(6)
1323.3, 1323.3.1 1310.4, 1310.4.1 1327.8 – 1327.8.2 1318.14 – 1318.14.2
1323.3.2 1310.4.3 1602.9 1602.9.2
1323.3.3 1310.4.2 1603.0 – 1603.2 1602.9, 1602.9.1
1323.4 – 1323.4.5 1310.5 – 1310.5.5 Figure 1603.2 Figure 1602.9.1
Table 1323.4.4 Table 1310.5.4(1) 1603.3 1603.2
1323.5 1310.3.3 1603.4 – 1603.5 1602.9.3 – 1602.9.6
1323.5.1 – 1323.7.2 1310.6 – 1310.8.2 Table 1603.5 Table 1602.9.6
1323.8 1304.2 1603.6 1603.0, 1603.1
1323.9, 1323.9.1 1310.9, 1310.9.1 1603.7 – 1603.20 1603.3 – 1603.16
1323.10 – 1323.10.3 1306.1 – 1306.3 Table K 104.3.1 Table K 104.3(1)
1323.11 – 1323.11.6 1307.1 – 1307.7 Table K 104.3.3 Table K 104.3(2)
1323.12 – 1323.13.2 1310.10 – 1310.11.2 K 104.4 K 106.0, K 106.1

1323.14 – 1323.14.6 1311.10 – 1311.10.6 K 104.4.1, K 104.4.2 K 104.4, K104.5

1323.15 1316.4 K 104.4.3 K 106.2

1324.0 – 1324.2.1 1318.0 – 1318.3 K 104.5 K 104.6

1324.3 1318.4.1 K 106.0, K 106.1 K 106.3

1324.4 1318.4 K 106.2 – K 106.5 K 106.4 – K 106.7

1324.5 – 1324.5.1.2 1318.5 – 1318.5.3 L 402.8 – L 402.10 L 402.7 – L 402.9

1324.5.2 – 1324.5.2.6 1318.8 – 1318.8.6 L 404.8 – L 404.11 L 404.7 – L 404.10

1324.5.3 – 1324.5.3.2 1318.12 – 1318.12.2 L 411.14 L 411.12

1324.5.4 – 1324.5.5.5 1318.9 – 1318.10.5

1324.5.5.6 1318.10.7
1324.5.5.7 1318.10.6

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE xxiii

RELATED PUBLICATIONS AND SERVICES
The Documents Listed are Not by this Reference Adopted by The State of California.

IAPMO provides a variety of other products which are useful for inspectors, building officials, architects, engineers,
manufacturers, contractors, plumbers, and apprentices.

IAPMO Headquarters Directory

4755 East Philadelphia Street, Ontario, California 91761-2816
Publication Order Desk Phone: 800-85-IAPMO
Publication Toll Free Fax: 877-85-CODES
E-mail: iapmo@iapmo.org
Website: www.iapmo.org
Free Code Question: 800-201-0335

Uniform Plumbing Code – 2021 Edition:

The Uniform Plumbing Code is the most widely adopted plumbing code in the world. The 2021 edition contains complete
“turnkey” requirements for the installation and maintenance of plumbing systems, all in one easy to use book.

Uniform Plumbing Code Illustrated Training Manual:

The UPC Illustrated Training Manual is an excellent reference for anyone involved in the plumbing industry. It contains an
extensive definitions section and several hundred comprehensive technical diagrams and illustrations. It serves as a textbook,
and it also is useful as a valuable tool for explaining the intent and use of the Code.

Uniform Plumbing Code Study Guide:

This book is the perfect complement to the UPC Illustrated Training Manual. Alone, it constitutes a complete self-study
course for learning the UPC. It has hundreds of questions, general practice exams, and plumbing math, pipe sizing exercises
and fitting identification. A big help in getting you ready for a certification exam!

Guide to Important Code Questions to the Uniform Plumbing Code:

An excellent reference for learning and understanding plumbing code changes and identifies code changes between editions.
It is a useful tool for preparing code change proposals.

Uniform Mechanical Code – 2021 Edition:

The Uniform Mechanical Code contains complete requirements for the installation and maintenance of heating, ventilating,
cooking and refrigeration systems.

Uniform Mechanical Code Illustrated Training Manual:

Contains technical diagrams and illustrations that demonstrate the intent and use of the UMC. A great reference for everyone
involved in Mechanical HVACR design and installation.

Uniform Mechanical Code Study Guide:

The Study Guide is a complete self-study course for learning the UMC. A big help in getting ready for a certification exam!
This book is the perfect complement to the UMC Illustrated Training Manual.

Guide to Important Code Questions to the Uniform Mechanical Code:

An excellent reference for learning and understanding mechanical code changes and identifies code changes between
editions. It is a useful tool for preparing code change proposals.

xxiv 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

RELATED PUBLICATIONS AND SERVICES
The Documents Listed are Not by this Reference Adopted by The State of California.

Uniform Swimming Pool, Spa, and Hot Tub Code – 2021 Edition:
The Uniform Swimming Pool, Spa and Hot Tub Code contains complete and current requirements for the erection,
installation, alteration, repair, relocation, replacement, addition to and use or maintenance of these systems.

Uniform Solar, Hydronics and Geothermal Code – 2021 Edition:

The Uniform Solar, Hydronics and Geothermal Code contains complete requirements for the erection, installation, alteration,
addition, repair, relocation, replacement, addition to, use or maintenance of these systems.

Drain Waste and Vent Calculator:

A slide-rule style calculator provides quick and simple access to the fixture unit and sizing tables of Chapter 7 of the UPC.

Water Sizing Calculator:

Sizing water systems becomes a much simpler task with the use of this handy slide-rule style calculator.

Natural Gas Pipe Sizing Calculator:

This Natural Gas Pipe Sizing Calculator is presented in an easy to use and read slide-rule format. Designed for systems with
a supply pressure of six to eight inches of water column, all pipe capacities are given in cubic feet per hour.

Trailer Standards:
IAPMO has developed a number of standards for specialty products used in manufactured homes and recreational vehicles.
These standards are available individually, or they may be purchased as a set.

Education and Training Seminars:

IAPMO specializes in conducting training and education, including fulfilling continuing education requirements, on the UPC
and UMC as well as all of the most commonly utilized codes in the Construction Trades. Special seminars on industry or
code subjects are expeditiously created and delivered upon request. Please call to obtain the seminar schedule or to arrange
for a custom special seminar.

Backflow Prevention Institute – IAPMO:

The IAPMO Backflow Prevention Institute provides professional education and training for the control of hazards to our
water supply and is dedicated to water-system safety worldwide. The Institute provides training in backflow prevention and
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program administrators and fire-sprinkler backflow preventer testers. Each of these courses provides compliance certification
to American Society of Sanitary Engineering (ASSE) Series 5000 Professional Qualification Standards.

Backflow Prevention Reference Manual:

This unique 300-page manual contains full-color illustrations and sections relating to real-world installations, backflow
prevention, testing cross-connection control, repair and inspections. The manual is an excellent textbook and a reference the
inspectors in every jurisdiction should have access too. It is also an important resource for system designers, urban planners
and utility companies – professionals on both sides of the water meter.

Backflow Prevention Tech-Wheel:

Find quick answers to your backflow preventer questions! The Backflow Tech-Wheel contains a wealth of information in a
graphic, quick reference format. One side delivers solutions to device application questions; the other a troubleshooting
guides offering solutions to backflow problems.

ANSI Z 124 Standards:

These standards are written to specifically address a variety of plastic plumbing fixtures and components. They are available
individually, or may be grouped for quantity discounts.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE xxv

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IAPMO Installation Standards:

IAPMO standards committees have formulated installation standards for a wide variety of commonly used plumbing
materials and systems. The IAPMO installation standards are included after the text of the Uniform Plumbing Code, or can
be purchased separately.

Material and Property Standards:

IAPMO does not generally develop material and property standards, but when a need exists the Association will take a
leadership role by filling the void. They are available, are subject to amendments and are withdrawn when recognized
consensus standards are formulated.

OFFICIAL Magazine:
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award winning general interest features, technical columns and industry updates. Subscriptions are available and all IAPMO
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Organizational and Governmental. Member benefits include discounted prices on IAPMO publications, a subscription to
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xxvi 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1 DIVISION I 1.8.7 Alternate Materials, Designs, Tests,

CALIFORNIA ADMINISTRATION . . . .1 and Methods of Construction . . . . .10
1.1.0 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 1.8.8 Appeals Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
1.1.1 Title . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 1.8.9 Unsafe Buildings or Structures . . .12
1.1.2 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 1.8.10 Other Building Regulations . . . . . .12
1.1.3 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 1.9.0 Division of the State Architect . . . .13
1.1.4 Appendices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 1.9.1 Division of the State Architect –
Access Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . .13
1.1.5 Referenced Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
1.9.2 Division of the State Architect –
1.1.6 Non-Building Standards, Orders, Structural Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
and Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
1.10.0 Office of Statewide Health
1.1.7 Order of Precedence and Use . . . .4 Planning and Development . . . . . . .13
1.1.8 City, County, or City and 1.10.1 OSHPD 1 and OSHPD 1R . . . . . . .13
County Amendments,
Additions or Deletions . . . . . . . . . . .4 1.10.2 OSHPD 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

1.1.9 Effective Date of this Code . . . . . . .5 1.10.3 OSHPD 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

1.1.10 Availability of Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 1.10.4 OSHPD 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

1.1.11 Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 1.10.5 OSHPD 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

1.1.12 Validity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 1.11.0 Office of the State Fire Marshal . . .15

1.2.0 Building Standards Commission . . .5 1.11.1 SFM-Office of the

State Fire Marshal . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
1.2.1 BSC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
1.11.2 Duties and Powers of
1.2.2 BSC-CG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 the Enforcing Agency . . . . . . . . . . .16
1.2.3 Alternate Materials, Design, 1.11.3 Construction Documents . . . . . . . .17
and Methods of Construction
1.11.4 Fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
and Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
1.11.5 Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
1.3.0 Board of State and Community
Corrections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 1.11.6 Certificate of Occupancy . . . . . . . .19
1.3.2 Adopting Agency Identification . . . .7 1.11.7 Temporary Structures and Uses . .19
1.4.0 Department of Consumer Affairs . . .7 1.11.8 Service Utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
1.4.2 Adopting Agency Identification . . . .7 1.11.9 Stop Work Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
1.5.0 Reserved for California 1.11.10 Unsafe Buildings, Structures,
Energy Commission . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 and Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
1.6.0 Department of Food 1.11.11 Adopting Agency Identification . . .19
and Agriculture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 1.12.0 Reserved for the State Librarian . .19
1.6.2 Adopting Agency Identification . . . .7 1.13.0 Department of Water
1.7.0 Department of Public Health . . . . . .7 Resources (DWR) . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
1.7.2 Adopting Agency Identification . . . .7 1.13.1 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
1.8.0 Department of Housing and 1.13.2 Adopting Agency Identification . . .19
Community Development . . . . . . . . .7 1.14.0 Reserved for the State
1.8.1 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Lands Commission . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
1.8.2 Authority and Abbreviations . . . . . . .7
1.8.3 Local Enforcing Agency . . . . . . . . . .8 CHAPTER 1 DIVISION II
ADMINISTRATION . . . . . . . . . . . .21
1.8.4 Permits, Fees, Applications,
and Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 101.0 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
1.8.5 Right of Entry for Enforcement . . . .10 101.1 Title . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
1.8.6 Local Modification by 101.2 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Ordinance or Regulation . . . . . . . .10 101.3 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE xxvii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

101.4 Unconstitutional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 CHAPTER 3 GENERAL REGULATIONS . . . . . .47

101.5 Validity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 301.0 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
102.0 Applicability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 301.1 Applicability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
102.1 Conflicts Between Codes . . . . . . . .21 301.2 Minimum Standards . . . . . . . . . . . .49
102.2 Existing Installations . . . . . . . . . . . .21 301.3 Alternate Materials and Methods
102.3 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 of Construction Equivalency . . . . . .49
301.4 Flood Hazard Areas . . . . . . . . . . . .49
102.4 Additions, Alterations,
Renovations, or Repairs . . . . . . . . .21 301.5 Alternative Engineered Design . . . .50
102.5 Health and Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 301.6 One- and Two-Family Dwellings . .50
102.6 Changes in Building Occupancy . . .21 301.7 OSHPD 1R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
102.7 Moved Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 302.0 Iron Pipe Size (IPS) Pipe . . . . . . . .50
102.8 Appendices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 302.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
103.0 Duties and Powers of the 303.0 Disposal of Liquid Waste . . . . . . . .50
Authority Having Jurisdiction . . . . .22 303.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
103.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 304.0 Connections to Plumbing
103.2 Liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 System Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
304.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
103.3 Applications and Permits . . . . . . . .22
305.0 Damage to Drainage System
103.4 Right of Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
or Public Sewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
104.0 Permits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
305.1 Unlawful Practices . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
104.1 Permits Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
306.0 Industrial Wastes . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
104.2 Exempt Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
306.1 Detrimental Wastes . . . . . . . . . . . .51
104.3 Application for Permit . . . . . . . . . . .22
306.2 Safe Discharge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
104.4 Permit Issuance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 307.0 Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
104.5 Fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 307.1 System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
105.0 Inspections and Testing . . . . . . . . .24 307.2 Ownership . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
105.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 308.0 Improper Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
105.2 Required Inspections . . . . . . . . . . .24 308.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
105.3 Testing of Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 309.0 Workmanship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
105.4 Connection to Service Utilities . . . .25 309.1 Engineering Practices . . . . . . . . . . .51
106.0 Violations and Penalties . . . . . . . . .25 309.2 Concealing Imperfections . . . . . . . .51
106.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 309.3 Burred Ends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
106.2 Notices of Correction 309.4 Installation Practices . . . . . . . . . . . .51
or Violation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 309.5 Sound Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . .51
106.3 Penalties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 309.6 Dead Legs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
106.4 Stop Orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 310.0 Prohibited Fittings and Practices . . .51
106.5 Authority to Disconnect 310.1 Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
Utilities in Emergencies . . . . . . . . .26
310.2 Drainage and Vent Piping . . . . . . .51
106.6 Authority to Condemn . . . . . . . . . . .26
310.3 Waste Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
107.0 Board of Appeals . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
310.4 Use of Vent and Waste Pipes . . . .51
107.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
310.5 Obstruction of Flow . . . . . . . . . . . .51
107.2 Limitations of Authority . . . . . . . . . .26
310.6 Dissimilar Metals . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
Table 104.5 Plumbing Permit Fees . . . . . . . . . .27 310.7 Direction of Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
310.8 Screwed Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
CHAPTER 2 DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 310.12 Services/Systems and Utilities . . . .52
201.0 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 310.13 Telephone and Data
201.1 Applicability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 Equipment Rooms . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
202.0 Definition of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 311.0 Independent Systems . . . . . . . . . . .52
202.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 311.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52

604.6 Cast-Iron Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . .148 607.5 Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153

604.7 Malleable Iron Fittings . . . . . . . . .148 608.0 Water Pressure, Pressure

Regulators, Pressure Relief
604.8 Previously Used Piping and Valves, and Vacuum Relief
Tubing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .148 Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .154
604.9 Epoxy Coating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .148 608.1 Inadequate Water Pressure . . . . .154
604.10 Plastic Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . .148 608.2 Excessive Water Pressure . . . . . .154
604.11 Solder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .148 608.3 Expansion Tanks, and
604.12 Flexible Corrugated Connectors . .148 Combination Temperature
604.13 Water Heater Connectors . . . . . . .148 and Pressure-Relief Valves . . . . .154
605.0 Joints and Connections . . . . . . . .149 608.4 Pressure Relief Valves . . . . . . . . .154
605.1 Copper or Copper Alloy Pipe, 608.5 Discharge Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . .154
Tubing, and Joints . . . . . . . . . . . .149 608.6 Water-Heating Devices . . . . . . . . .154
605.2 CPVC Plastic Pipe and Joints . . .150 608.7 Vacuum Relief Valves . . . . . . . . .154
605.3 CPVC/AL/CPVC Plastic Pipe 609.0 Installation, Testing, Unions,
and Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .150 and Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .154
605.4 Ductile Iron Pipe and Joints . . . . .150 609.1 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .154
605.5 Galvanized Steel Pipe and 609.2 Trenches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .155
Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .150 609.3 Under Concrete Slab . . . . . . . . . .155
605.6 PE Plastic Pipe/Tubing and 609.4 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .155
Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .150
609.5 Unions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .155
605.7 PE-AL-PE Plastic Pipe/Tubing
609.6 Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .155
and Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .151
609.7 Abutting Lot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .155
605.8 PE-RT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .151
609.8 Pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .155
605.9 PEX Plastic Tubing and Joints . . .151
609.9 Low-Pressure Cutoff Required
605.10 PEX-AL-PEX Plastic Tubing
on Booster Pumps for Water
and Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152
Distribution Systems . . . . . . . . . . .155
605.11 Polypropylene (PP) Piping
609.10 Disinfection of Potable Water
and Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152
System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .155
605.12 PVC Plastic Pipe and Joints . . . . .152
609.11 Water Hammer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .156
605.13 Stainless Steel Pipe and Joints . .152
609.12 Pipe Insulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .156
605.14 Slip Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152
610.0 Size of Potable Water Piping . . . .156
605.15 Dielectric Unions . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153
610.1 Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .156
605.16 Joints Between Various 610.2 Pressure Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .156
Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153
610.3 Quantity of Water . . . . . . . . . . . . .156
606.0 Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153
610.4 Sizing Water Supply and
606.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153 Distribution Systems . . . . . . . . . . .156
606.2 Fullway Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153 610.5 Sizing per Appendices
606.3 Multidwelling Units . . . . . . . . . . . .153 A and C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .156

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE xxxiii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

610.6 Friction and Pressure Loss . . . . . .156 701.5 Lead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .165

CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
CHAPTER 1 - ADMINISTRATION
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC

1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
that are listed below
Chapter/Section
Division I – California
Administration
1.1.1 X X X X X X X X X X X X X
1.1.2 X X X X X X X X X X X X X
1.1.3 X X X X X X X X X X X X X
1.1.4 X X X X X X X X X X X X X
1.1.5 X X X X X X X X X X X X X
1.1.6 X X X X X X X X X X X X X
1.1.7 X X X X X X X X X X X X X
1.1.8 X X X X X X X X X X X X X
1.1.8.2 X
1.1.9 X X X X X X X X X X X X X
1.1.10 X X X X X X X X X X X X X
1.1.11 X X X X X X X X X X X X X
1.1.12 X X X X X X X X X X X X X
1.2.0 X X
1.3.0 X
1.4.0 X
1.5.0 X
1.6.0 X
1.7.0 X
1.8.0 X X X
1.9.0 X X
1.9.1 X
1.9.1.1 X
1.9.2 X X
1.9.2.1 X
1.9.2.1.1 X
1.9.2.2 X
1.9.2.2.1 X
1.10.1 X X
1.10.2 X
1.10.3 X
1.10.4 X

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 1

CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
CHAPTER 1 - ADMINISTRATION (continued)
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC

1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
that are listed below
Chapter/Section
1.10.5 X
1.11.0 - 1.11.11 X
1.13.0 X
Division II - Administration
104.2 Items 1 & 2 X X
104.4.3.1 X
This state agency does not adopt sections identified with the following symbol: †
The Office of the State Fire Marshal’s adoption of this chapter or individual sections is applicable to structures regulated by other state agencies pursuant to
Section 1.11.0.

2 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

CHAPTER 1
ADMINISTRATION
DIVISION I
CALIFORNIA ADMINISTRATION

1.1.0 General. lated by the Building Standards Commission. See

1.1.1 Title. These regulations shall be known as the Califor- Section 1.2.0 for additional scope provisions.
nia Plumbing Code, may be cited as such and will be referred 2. Section 1.3.0 is reserved for the Board of State and
to herein as “this code.” The California Plumbing Code is Community Corrections.
Part 5 of thirteen parts of the official compilation and publi- 3. Section 1.4.0 is reserved for the Department of Con-
cation of the adoption, amendment, and repeal of plumbing sumer Affairs.
regulations to the California Code of Regulations, Title 24,
also referred to as the California Building Standards Code. 4. Section 1.5.0 is reserved for the California Energy
This part incorporates by adoption the 2021 Uniform Plumb- Commission.
ing Code of the International Association of Plumbing and 5. Section 1.6.0 is reserved for the Department of Food
Mechanical Officials with necessary California amendments. and Agriculture.
1.1.2 Purpose. The purpose of this code is to establish the 6. Organized camps, laboratory animal quarters, pub-
minimum requirements to safeguard the public health, safety lic swimming pools, radiation protection, commis-
and general welfare through structural strength, means of saries serving mobile food preparation vehicles, and
egress facilities, stability, access to persons with disabilities, wild animal quarantine facilities regulated by the
sanitation, adequate lighting and ventilation, and energy con- Department of Public Health. See Section 1.7.0 for
servation; safety to life and property from fire and other haz- additional scope provisions.
ards attributed to the built environment; and to provide safety 7. Hotels, motels, lodging houses, apartments,
to fire fighters and emergency responders during emergency dwellings, dormitories, condominiums, shelters for
operations. homeless persons, congregate residences, employee
1.1.3 Scope. The provisions of this code shall apply to the housing, factory-built housing, and other types of
construction, alteration, movement, enlargement, replace- dwellings containing sleeping accommodations with
ment, repair, equipment, use and occupancy, location, main- or without common toilets or cooking facilities. See
tenance, removal, and demolition of every building or Section 1.8.2.1.1 for additional scope provisions.
structure or any appurtenances connected or attached to such
8. Accommodations for persons with disabilities in
buildings or structures throughout the State of California.
buildings containing newly constructed covered
1.1.3.1 Non-State-Regulated Buildings, Structures, and multifamily dwellings, new common use areas serv-
Applications. Except as modified by local ordinance pur- ing existing covered multifamily dwellings, additions
suant to Section 1.1.8, the following standards in the Cal- to existing buildings where the addition alone meets
ifornia Code of Regulations, Title 24, Parts 2, 2.5, 3, 4, the definition of covered multifamily dwellings, and
5, 6, 9, 10 and 11 shall apply to all occupancies and new common use areas serving new covered multi-
applications not regulated by a state agency. family dwellings which are regulated by the Depart-
1.1.3.2 State-Regulated Buildings, Structures, and ment of Housing and Community Development. See
Applications. The model code, state amendments to the Section 1.8.2.1.2 for additional scope provisions.
model code, and/or state amendments where there are no
9. Permanent buildings and permanent accessory
relevant model code provisions shall apply to the fol-
buildings or structures constructed within mobile-
lowing buildings, structures, and applications regulated
home parks and special occupancy parks regulated
by state agencies as specified in Sections 1.2.0 through
by the Department of Housing and Community
1.14.0, except where modified by local ordinance pur-
Development. See Section 1.8.2.1.3 for additional
suant to Section 1.1.8. When adopted by a state agency,
scope provisions.
the provisions of this code shall be enforced by the appro-
priate enforcing agency, but only to the extent of author- 10. Accommodations for persons with disabilities regu-
ity granted to such agency by the state Legislature. lated by the Division of the State Architect. See Sec-
tion 1.9.1 for additional scope provisions.
Note: See “How to Distinguish Between Model Code
Language and California Amendments” in the front of 11. Public elementary and secondary schools, commu-
the code. nity college buildings, and state-owned or state-
1. State-owned buildings, including buildings con- leased essential service buildings regulated by the
structed by the Trustees of the California State Uni- Division of the State Architect. See Section 1.9.2 for
versity, and to the extent permitted by California additional scope provisions.
laws, buildings designed and constructed by the 12. Reserved for the State Historical Building Safety
Regents of the University of California, and regu- Board with the Division of the State Architect.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 3

DIVISION I CALIFORNIA ADMINISTRATION

13. General acute care hospitals, acute psychiatric hos- 18. Section 1.14.0 is reserved for Marine Oil Terminals
pitals, skilled nursing and/or intermediate care facil- regulated by the California State Lands Commission.
ities, clinics licensed by the Department of Public 1.1.4 Appendices. Provisions contained in the appendices of
Health, and correctional treatment centers regulated this code shall not apply unless specifically adopted by a state
by the Office of Statewide Health Planning and agency or adopted by a local enforcing agency in compliance
Development. See Section 1.10.0 for additional with Health and Safety Code Section 18901 et seq. for Building
scope provisions. Standards Law, Health and Safety Code Section 17950 for State
14. Applications regulated by the Office of State Fire Housing Law and Health and Safety Code Section 13869.7 for
Marshal include but are not limited to following in Fire Protection Districts. See Section 1.1.8 of this code.
accordance with Section 1.11.0: 1.1.5 Referenced Codes. The codes, standards and publica-
1. Buildings or structures used or intended for use tions adopted and set forth in this code, including other codes,
as an: standards and publications referred to therein are, by title and
1.1 Asylum, jail, prison. date of publication, hereby adopted as standard reference
documents of this code. When this code does not specifically
1.2 Mental hospital, hospital, home for the eld- cover any subject related to building design and construction,
erly, children’s nursery, children’s home or recognized architectural or engineering practices shall be
institution, school or any similar occupancy of employed. The National Fire Codes, standards, and the Fire
any capacity. Protection Handbook of the National Fire Protection Asso-
1.3. Theater, dancehall, skating rink, audito- ciation are permitted to be used as authoritative guides in
rium, assembly hall, meeting hall, nightclub, determining recognized fire prevention engineering practices.
fair building, or similar place of assemblage 1.1.6 Non-Building Standards, Orders, and Regulations.
where 50 or more persons may gather together Requirements contained in the Uniform Plumbing Code, or in
in a building, room or structure for the purpose any other referenced standard, code or document, which are
of amusement, entertainment, instruction, delib- not building standards as defined in Health and Safety Code
eration, worship, drinking or dining, awaiting Section 18909 shall not be construed as part of the provisions
transportation, or education. of this code. For nonbuilding standards, orders, and regula-
1.4. Small family day care homes, large family tions, see other titles of the California Code of Regulations.
day-care homes, residential facilities and resi- 1.1.7 Order of Precedence and Use.
dential facilities for the elderly, residential care
1.1.7.1 Differences. In the event of any differences
facilities.
between these building standards and the standard ref-
1.5. State institutions or other state-owned or erence documents, the text of these building standards
state-occupied buildings. shall govern.
1.6. High rise structures. 1.1.7.2 Specific Provisions. Where a specific provision
1.7. Motion picture production studios. varies from a general provision, the specific provision
1.8. Organized camps. shall apply.
1.9. Residential structures. 1.1.7.3 Conflicts. When the requirements of this code
conflict with the requirements of any other part of the
2. Tents, awnings or other fabric enclosures used California Building Standards Code, Title 24, the most
in connection with any occupancy. restrictive requirements shall prevail.
3. Fire alarm devices, equipment and systems in 1.1.7.3.1 Detached One- and Two-Family
connection with any occupancy. Dwellings. Detached one- and two-family dwellings,
4. Hazardous materials, flammable and com- lodging houses, live/work units, townhouses not
bustible liquids. more than three stories above grade plane in height
5. Public school automatic fire detection, alarm with a separate means of egress, and their accessory
and sprinkler systems. structures, shall not be required to comply with the
6. Wildland-urban interface fire areas. California Residential Code if constructed in accor-
dance with the California Building Code.
15. Section 1.12.0 is reserved for public libraries con-
structed and renovated using funds from the Cali- 1.1.8 City, County, or City and County Amendments, Addi-
tions or Deletions. The provisions of this code do not limit
fornia Library Construction and Renovation Bond
the authority of city, county, or city and county governments
Act of 1988 and regulated by the State Librarian.
to establish more restrictive and reasonably necessary dif-
16. Section 1.13.0 is reserved for the Department of ferences to the provisions contained in this code pursuant to
Water Resources. complying with Section 1.1.8.1. The effective date of amend-
17. For applications listed in Section 1.9.1 regulated by ments, additions, or deletions to this code by city, county, or
the Division of the State Architect – Access Compli- city and county filed pursuant to Section 1.1.8.1 shall be the
ance, outdoor environments and uses shall be clas- date filed. However, in no case shall the amendments, addi-
sified according to accessibility uses described in tions or deletions to this code be effective any sooner than the
Chapter 11A, and 11B. effective date of this code.

4 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

DIVISION I CALIFORNIA ADMINISTRATION

Local modifications shall comply with Health and Safety tained in the office of the building official responsible for the
Code Section 18941.5 for Building Standards Law, Health administration and enforcement of this code. Each state
and Safety Code Section 17958 for State Housing Law or department concerned and each city, county, or city and
Health and Safety Code Section 13869.7 for Fire Protection county shall have an up-to-date copy of the code available
Districts. for public inspection. See Health and Safety Code Section
1.1.8.1 Findings and Filings. 18942 (e)(1) and (2).
1. The city, county, or city and county shall make 1.1.11 Format. This part fundamentally adopts the Uniform
express findings for each amendment, addition or Plumbing Code by reference on a chapter-by-chapter basis.
deletion based upon climatic, topographical, or geo- When a specific chapter of the Uniform Plumbing Code is not
logical conditions. printed in the code and is marked “Reserved”, such chapter
of the Uniform Plumbing Code is not adopted as a portion of
Exception: Hazardous building ordinances and pro-
this code. When a specific chapter of the Uniform Plumbing
grams mitigating unreinforced masonry buildings.
Code is marked “Not Adopted by the State of California” but
2. The city, county, or city and county shall file the appears in the code, it may be available for adoption by local
amendments, additions or deletions expressly ordinance.
marked and identified as to the applicable findings.
Cities, counties, cities and counties, and fire depart- Note: Matrix Adoption Tables at the front of each chapter
ments shall file the amendments, additions or dele- may aid the code user in determining which chapter or sec-
tions, and the findings with the California Building tions within a chapter are applicable to buildings under the
Standards Commission at 2525 Natomas Park authority of a specific state agency, but they are not to be con-
Drive, Suite 130, Sacramento, CA 95833. sidered regulatory.
3. Findings prepared by fire protection districts shall 1.1.12 Validity. If any chapter, section, subsection, sentence,
be ratified by the local city, county, or city and clause or phrase of this code is for any reason held to be
county and filed with the California Department of unconstitutional, contrary to statute, exceeding the authority
Housing and Community Development, Division of of the state as stipulated by statutes or otherwise inoperative,
Codes and Standards, P.O. Box 278180, Sacra- such decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining
mento, CA 95827-8180 or 9342 Tech Center Drive, portion of this code.
Suite 500, Sacramento, CA 95826-2582.
1.1.8.2 California Energy Code Requirements for 1.2.0 Building Standards Commission.
Locally Adopted Energy Standards. In addition to the 1.2.1 BSC. Specific scope of application of the agency
provisions of Section 1.1.8.1 of this part, local jurisdic- responsible for enforcement, the enforcement agency, and the
tions that adopt changes to energy conservation or insu- specific authority to adopt and enforce such provisions of this
lation standards (including energy efficiency measures) code, unless otherwise stated.
may not enforce such changes until the California Energy
Commission has made the findings required by Public 1. State Buildings for All Occupancies.
Resources Code Section 25402.1(h)(2), following the Application – State buildings (all occupancies), includ-
process specified in Section 10-106 of the California ing buildings constructed by the Trustees of the Califor-
Administrative Code. nia State University (CSU) and the Regents of the
1.1.9 Effective Date of this Code. Only those standards University of California (UC) where no state agency has
approved by the California Building Standards Commission the authority to adopt building standards applicable to
that are effective at the time an application for building per- such buildings.
mit is submitted shall apply to the plans and specifications Enforcing Agency – State or local agency specified by
for, and to the construction performed under, that permit. For the applicable provisions of law.
the effective dates of the provisions contained in this code, Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Section
see the History Note page of this code. 18934.5.
Exceptions: Reference – Health and Safety Code, Division 13, Part
(1) [HCD 1 & HCD 2] Retroactive permits issued in accor- 2.5, commencing with Section 18901.
dance with Health and Safety Code Section 17958.12. 2. University of California, California State Universities,
(2) [HCD 1 & HCD 2] Plans approved by the Department and California Community Colleges.
of Housing and Community Development or a Depart- Application – Standards for lighting for parking lots and
ment-approved design approval agency for factory-built primary campus walkways at the University of Califor-
housing as defined by Health and Safety Code Section nia, California State Universities, and California Com-
19971. Approved plans, pursuant to the California Code
munity Colleges.
of Regulations, Title 25, Division 1, Chapter 3, Sub-
chapter 1, Article 3, Section 3037 remain valid for a Enforcing Agency – State or local agency specified by
period of 36 months from the date of plan approval. the applicable provisions of law.
1.1.10 Availability of Codes. At least one complete copy each Authority Cited – Government Code Section 14617.
of Titles 8, 19, 20, 24, and 25 with all revisions shall be main- Reference – Government Code Section 14617.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 5

DIVISION I CALIFORNIA ADMINISTRATION

3. Existing State-Owned Buildings, including those Reference – Health and Safety Code, Division 13, Part
owned by the University of California and by the Cali- 2.5, commencing with Section 18901.
fornia State University – Building seismic retrofit stan- 2. Graywater Systems for Nonresidential Occupancies.
dards including abating falling hazards of structural and
Application – The construction, installation, and alter-
nonstructural components and strengthening of building
ation of graywater systems for indoor and outdoor uses
structures. See also Division of the State Architect.
in nonresidential occupancies.
Enforcing Agency – State or local agency specified by
Enforcing Agency – State or local agency specified by
the applicable provisions of law.
the applicable provisions of law.
Authority Cited – Government Code Section 16600.
Authority Cited – Health & Safety Code Section
References – Government Code Sections 16600 through 18941.8.
16604. Reference – Health & Safety Code Section 18941.8.
4. Unreinforced Masonry Bearing Wall Buildings. 1.2.3 Alternate Materials, Design, and Methods of Con-
Application – Minimum seismic strengthening standards struction and Equipment. The provisions of this code are not
for buildings specified in the California Existing Build- intended to prevent the installation of any material or to pro-
ing Code, except for buildings subject to building stan- hibit any design or method of construction not specifically
dards adopted pursuant to Part 1.5 (commencing with prescribed by this code, provided that any such alternative
Section 17910). has been approved. An alternative material, design or method
Enforcing Agency – State or local agency specified by of construction shall be approved where the building official
the applicable provisions of law. finds that the proposed design is satisfactory and complies
Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Section with the intent of the provisions of this code, and that the
18934.7. material, method or work offered is, for the purpose intended,
at least the equivalent of that prescribed in this code in qual-
Reference – Health and Safety Code Division 13, Part ity, strength, effectiveness, fire resistance, durability, and
2.5 commencing with Sections 18901. safety.
1.2.1.1 State Building. For purposes of this code, a 1.2.3.1 Research Reports. Supporting data, where nec-
“state building” is a structure for which a state agency essary to assist in the approval of materials or assem-
or state entity has authority to construct, alter, enlarge, blies not specifically provided for in this code, shall
replace, repair or demolish. consist of valid research reports from approved sources.
1.2.1.2 Enforcement. [CSU, UC, Judicial Council and 1.2.3.2 Tests. Whenever there is insufficient evidence of
California Department of Corrections and Rehabilita- compliance with the provisions of this code, or evidence
tion] state agencies or state entities authorized to con- that a material or method does not conform to the
struct state buildings may appoint a building official who requirements of this code, or in order to substantiate
is responsible to the agency for enforcement of the pro- claims for alternative materials or methods, the building
visions of the California Building Standards Code. official shall have the authority to require tests as evi-
Exception: State buildings regulated by other sections dence of compliance to be made at no expense to the
of this code remain the enforcement responsibility of the jurisdiction. Test methods shall be as specified in this
designated entities. code or by other recognized test standards. In the
1.2.1.3 Enforcement, Reserved for DGS. absence of recognized and accepted test methods, the
1.2.1.4 Adopting Agency Identification. The provisions building official shall approve the testing procedures.
Tests shall be performed by an approved agency. Reports
of this code applicable to buildings identified in this sec-
of such tests shall be retained by the building official for
tion will be identified in the Matrix Adoption Tables
the period required for retention of public records.
under the acronym BSC.
1.2.2 BSC-CG. Specific scope of application of the agency
responsible for enforcement, the enforcement agency, and the 1.3.0 Board of State and Community Corrections.
specific authority to adopt and enforce such provisions of this 1.3.1 Specific scope of application of the agency responsible
code, unless otherwise stated. for enforcement, the enforcement agency, and the specific
1. Green Building Standards for Nonresidential Occu- authority to adopt and enforce such provisions of this code,
pancies. unless otherwise stated.
Application – All occupancies where no other state Application – Local detention facilities.
agency has the authority to adopt green building stan- Enforcing Agency – Board of State and Community Cor-
dards applicable to those occupancies. rections.
Enforcing Agency – State or local agency specified by Authority Cited – Penal Code Section 6030; Welfare and
the applicable provisions of law. Institutions Code Sections 210 and 885.
Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Sections References – Penal Code Section 6030; Welfare and
18930.5, 18938 and 18940.5. Institutions Code Sections 210 and 885.

6 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

DIVISION I CALIFORNIA ADMINISTRATION

1.3.2 Adopting Agency Identification. The provisions of this Enforcing Agency – Department of Health Services and
code applicable to buildings identified in this section will be local health agency.
identified in the Matrix Adoption Tables under the acronym Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Sections
BSCC. 18897.2, 110065, 113710, and 131200.
References – Health and Safety Code Sections 18897.2,
1.4.0 Department of Consumer Affairs. 18897.4, 18897.7, 110065, 113705, 113710, and 131200.
1.4.1 Specific scope of application of the agency responsible 1.7.2 Adopting Agency Identification. The provisions of this
for enforcement, the enforcement agency, and the specific code applicable to buildings identified in this section will be
authority to adopt and enforce such provisions of this code, identified in the Matrix Adoption Tables under the acronym
unless otherwise stated. DPH.
Board of Barbering and Cosmetology.
Application – Any establishment or mobile unit where 1.8.0 Department of Housing and Community Development
barbering, cosmetology, or electrolysis is being per- [HCD].
formed. 1.8.1 Purpose. The purpose of this code is to establish mini-
Enforcing Agency – State or local agency specified by mum requirements necessary to protect the health, safety, and
applicable provisions of law. general welfare of the occupants and the public by governing
the erection, construction, reconstruction, enlargement, con-
Authority Cited – Business and Professions Code Sec- version, alteration, repair, moving, removal, demolition, san-
tion 7312. itation, ventilation, and maintenance or use of plumbing
References – Business and Professions Code Sections equipment or systems.
7303, 7303.1, 7312, and 7313. 1.8.2 Authority and Abbreviations.
1.4.2 Adopting Agency Identification. The provisions of this 1.8.2.1 General. The Department of Housing and Com-
code applicable to buildings identified in this section will be munity Development is authorized by law to promulgate
identified in the Matrix Adoption Tables under the acronym and adopt building standards and regulations for several
CA. types of building applications. The applications under
the authority of the Department of Housing and Com-
1.5.0 Reserved for California Energy Commission. munity Development are listed in Sections 1.8.2.1.1
through 1.8.2.1.3.
1.8.2.1.1 Housing Construction.
1.6.0 Department of Food and Agriculture.
Application – Hotels, motels, lodging houses, apart-
1.6.1 Specific scope of application of the agency responsible
ments, dwellings, dormitories, condominiums, shel-
for enforcement, the enforcement agency, and the specific ters for homeless persons, congregate residences,
authority to adopt and enforce such provisions of this code, employee housing, factory built housing, and other
unless otherwise stated. types of dwellings containing sleeping accommoda-
Application – Dairies and places of meat and poultry tions with or without common toilet or cooking facil-
inspection. ities including accessory buildings, facilities, and
Enforcing Agency – Department of Food and Agricul- uses thereto. Sections of this code which pertain to
ture. applications listed in this section are identified using
the abbreviation “HCD 1”.
Authority Cited – Food and Agricultural Code Sections
Enforcing Agency – Local building department or
18735, 18960, 19384, 33481, and 33731. the Department of Housing and Community Devel-
References – Food and Agricultural Code Sections opment.
18735, 18960, 19384, 33481, and 33731. Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Sections
1.6.2 Adopting Agency Identification. The provisions of this 17040, 17920.9, 17921, 17921.5, 17921.6, 17921.10,
code applicable to buildings identified in this section will be 17922, 17922.6, 17922.12, 17922.14, 17922.15,
identified in the Matrix Adoption Tables under the acronym 17926, 17927, 17928, 17958.12, 18938.3, 18944.11
AGR. and 19990; and Government Code Section 12955.1.
References – Business and Professions Code Division
1.7.0 Department of Public Health. 5; Health and Safety Code Sections 17000 through
1.7.1 Specific scope of application of the agency responsible 17062.5, 17910 through 17995.5, 18200 through
for enforcement, the enforcement agency, and the specific 18700, 18860 through 18874, 18938.6, 18941,
authority to adopt and enforce such provisions of this code, 19890, 19891, 19892 and 19960 through 19997;
unless otherwise stated. Civil Code Sections 832, 1101.4, 1101.5, 1954.201,
1954.202 and 5551; and Government Code Sections
Department of Public Health. 8698.4, 12955.1 and 12955.1.1. California Code of
Application – Commissaries serving mobile food prepa- Regulations, Title 20, Sections 1605.1, 1605.3 and
ration units, food establishments, and organized camps. 1607.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 7

DIVISION I CALIFORNIA ADMINISTRATION

1.8.2.1.2 Housing Accessibility. 17922, 17922.6, 17922.12, 17922.14, 17926, 17927,

Application – Covered multifamily dwellings as 17928, 17958.12, 18938.3, 18944.11, and 19990; and
defined in Chapter 2 of the California Code of Reg- Government Code Sections 12955.1 and 12955.1.1.
ulations, Title 24, Part 2, also known as the Cali- References – Health and Safety Code Sections 17000
fornia Building Code including but not limited to through 17062.5, 17910 through 17995.5, 18200
lodging houses, dormitories, timeshares, condo- through 18700, 18860 through 18874, 18938.6,
miniums, shelters for homeless persons, congregate 18941, and 19960 through 19997; Civil Code Sec-
residences, apartments, dwellings, employee hous- tions 1101.4, 1101.5, 1954.201 and 1954.202; and
ing, factory-built housing, and other types of Government Code Sections 12955.1 and 12955.1.1.
dwellings containing sleeping accommodations with California Code of Regulations, Title 20, Sections
or without common toilet or cooking facilities. 1605.1, 1605.3 and 1607.
Sections of this code identified by the abbrevi- 1.8.2.1.3 Permanent Buildings in Mobilehome
ation “HCD 1-AC” require specific accommoda- Parks and Special Occupancy Parks.
tions for persons with disabilities, as defined in Application – Permanent buildings, and permanent
Chapter 2 of the California Building Code. The accessory buildings or structures, constructed
application of such provisions shall be in conjunc- within mobilehome parks and special occupancy
tion with other requirements of this code and apply parks that are under the control and ownership of
only to newly constructed covered multifamily the park operator. Sections of this code which per-
dwellings as defined in Chapter 2 of the California tain to applications listed in this section are identi-
Building Code. “HCD 1-AC” applications include, fied using the abbreviation “HCD 2”.
but are not limited to, the following: Enforcing Agency – The Department of Housing
1. All newly-constructed covered multifamily and Community Development, local building
dwellings, as defined in Chapter 2 of the Cali- department or other local agency that has assumed
fornia Building Code. responsibility for the enforcement of Health and
Safety Code, Division 13, Part 2.1, commencing
2. New common use areas, as defined in Chapter with Section 18200 for mobilehome parks and
2 of the California Building Code serving exist- Health and Safety Code, Division 13, Part 2.3, com-
ing covered multifamily dwellings. mencing with Section 18860 for special occupancy
3. Additions to existing buildings, where the addi- parks.
tion alone meets the definition of covered mul- Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Sections
tifamily dwellings, as defined in Chapter 2 of 17040, 17920.9, 17921, 17921.5, 17921.6,
the California Building Code. 17921.10, 17922, 17922.6, 17922.12, 17922.14,
4. New common use areas serving new covered 17922.15, 17926, 17927, 17928, 17958.12, 18552,
multifamily dwellings. 18554, 18620, 18630, 18640, 18670, 18690, 18691,
5. Where any portion of a building’s exterior is 18865, 18871.3, 18871.4, 18873, 18873.1 through
preserved, but the interior of the building is 18873.5, 18938.3, 18944.11, and 19990; and Gov-
removed, including all structural portions of ernment Code Section 12955.1.
floors and ceilings, the building is considered a References – Health and Safety Code Sections 17000
new building for determining the application of through 17062.5, 17910 through 17995.5, 18200
California Building Code, Chapter 11A. through 18700, 18860 through 18874, 18938.6,
HCD 1-AC building standards generally do not 18941, 19890, 19891, 19892 and 19960 through
apply to public use areas or public accommodations 19997; Civil Code Sections 1101.4, 1101.5 and
such as hotels and motels, and public housing. Pub- 1954.201; and Government Code Sections 12955.1
and 12955.1.1. California Code of Regulations, Title
lic use areas, public accommodations, and public
20, Sections 1605.1, 1605.3 and 1607; and Title 25,
housing, as defined in Chapter 2 of the California
Sections 1042 and 2042.
Building Code, are subject to the Division of the
State Architect (DSA-AC) in Chapter 11B and are 1.8.3 Local Enforcing Agency.
referenced in Section 1.9.1. 1.8.3.1 Duties and Powers. The building department of
Newly constructed covered multifamily every city, county, or city and county shall enforce all the
dwellings, which can also be defined as public hous- provisions of law, this code, and the other rules and reg-
ing, shall be subject to the requirements of Chapter ulations promulgated by the Department of Housing and
11A and Chapter 11B. Community Development pertaining to the installation,
erection, construction, reconstruction, movement,
Enforcing Agency – Local building department or enlargement, conversion, alteration, repair, removal,
the Department of Housing and Community Devel- demolition, or arrangement of apartments, condomini-
opment. ums, hotels, motels, lodging houses, and dwellings,
Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Sections including accessory buildings, facilities, and uses
17040, 17920.9, 17921, 17921.5, 17921.6, 17921.10, thereto.

8 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

DIVISION I CALIFORNIA ADMINISTRATION

The provisions regulating the erection and con- Title 25, Division 1, Chapter 1, Subchapter 3, com-
struction of dwellings and appurtenant structures shall mencing with Section 600 for employee housing
not apply to existing structures as to which construction administrative and enforcement authority, permits,
is commenced or approved prior to the effective date of fees, violations, inspections, and penalties.
these regulations. Requirements relating to use, mainte- 1.8.3.2.5 Factory-Built Housing Law. Refer to the
nance, and occupancy shall apply to all dwellings and Factory-Built Housing Law, California Health and
appurtenant structures approved for construction or con- Safety Code, Division 13, Part 6 commencing with
structed before or after the effective date of this code. Section 19960 and California Code of Regulations,
For additional information regarding the use and Title 25, Division 1, Chapter 3, Subchapter 1, com-
occupancy of existing buildings and appurtenant struc- mencing with Section 3000 for factory-built housing
tures, see California Code of Regulations, Title 25, Divi- administrative and enforcement authority, permits,
sion 1, Chapter 1, Subchapter 1, commencing with fees, violations, inspections, and penalties.
Section 1. 1.8.4 Permits, Fees, Applications, and Inspections.
1.8.3.2 Laws, Rules, and Regulations. Other than the 1.8.4.1 Permits. A written construction permit shall be
building standards contained in this code, and notwith- obtained from the enforcing agency prior to the erection,
standing other provisions of law, the statutory authority construction, reconstruction, installation, relocation, or
and location of the laws, rules, and regulations to be alteration of any plumbing system.
enforced by local enforcing agencies are listed by statute
in Sections 1.8.3.2.1 through 1.8.3.2.5 below: Exceptions:
1.8.3.2.1 State Housing Law. Refer to the State 1. Work exempt from permits as specified in Chapter
Housing Law, California Health and Safety Code, 1, Administration, Division II, Section 104.2 items
Division 13, Part 1.5, commencing with Section (1)-(2) of this code.
17910, and California Code of Regulations, Title 25, 2. Changes, alterations, or repairs of a minor nature
Division 1, Chapter 1, Subchapter 1, commencing not affecting structural features, egress, sanitation,
with Section 1, for the erection, construction, recon- safety, or accessibility as determined by the enforc-
struction, movement, enlargement, conversion, ing agency.
alteration, repair, removal, demolition, or arrange- 3. Retroactive permits issued in accordance with
ment of apartments, condominiums, hotels, motels, Health and Safety Code Section 17958.12.
lodging houses, and dwellings, including accessory Exemptions from permit requirements shall not
buildings, facilities, and uses thereto. be deemed to grant authorization for any work to be
1.8.3.2.2 Mobilehome Parks Act. Refer to the done in any manner in violation of other provisions
Mobilehome Parks Act, California Health and of law or this code.
Safety Code, Division 13, Part 2.1, commencing 1.8.4.2 Fees. Subject to other provisions of law, the gov-
with Section 18200 and California Code of Regula- erning body of any city, county, or city and county may
tions, Title 25, Division 1, Chapter 2, commencing prescribe fees to defray the cost of enforcement of rules
with Section 1000 for mobilehome park administra- and regulations promulgated by the Department of Hous-
tive and enforcement authority, permits, plans, fees, ing and Community Development. The amount of the fees
violations, inspections, and penalties both within shall not exceed the amount reasonably necessary to
and outside mobilehome parks. administer or process permits, certificates, forms, or
Exception: Mobilehome parks where the Depart- other documents, or to defray the costs of enforcement.
ment of Housing and Community Development is the For additional information, see State Housing Law,
enforcing agency. Health and Safety Code, Division 13, Part 1.5, Section
1.8.3.2.3 Special Occupancy Parks Act. Refer to the 17951 and California Code of Regulations, Title 25,
Special Occupancy Parks Act, California Health and Division 1, Chapter 1, Subchapter 1, Article 3, com-
Safety Code, Division 13, Part 2.3, commencing with mencing with Section 6.
Section 18860 and California Code of Regulations, 1.8.4.3 Plan Review and Time Limitations. Subject to
Title 25, Division 1, Chapter 2.2, commencing with other provisions of law, provisions related to plan check-
Section 2000 for special occupancy park adminis- ing, prohibition of excessive delays, and contracting with
trative and enforcement authority, permits, fees, vio- or employment of private parties to perform plan check-
lations, inspections, and penalties both within and ing are set forth in the State Housing Law, Health and
outside of special occupancy parks. Safety Code Section 17960.1, and for employee housing,
Exception: Special occupancy parks where the in Health and Safety Code Section 17021.
Department of Housing and Community Develop- 1.8.4.3.1 Retention of Plans. The building depart-
ment is the enforcing agency. ment of every city, county, or city and county shall
1.8.3.2.4 Employee Housing Act. Refer to the maintain an official copy, microfilm, or electronic
Employee Housing Act, California Health and or other type of photographic copy of the plans of
Safety Code, Division 13, Part 1, commencing with every building, during the life of the building, for
Section 17000 and California Code of Regulations, which the department issued a building permit.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 9

Exceptions: 5. For applications subject to the Factory-Built Hous-
1. Single or multiple dwellings not more than two ing Law as referenced in Section 1.8.3.2.5 of this
stories and basement in height. code, refer to Health and Safety Code, Division 13,
2. Garages and other structures appurtenant to Part 6, commencing with Section 19960, and Cali-
buildings listed in Exception 1. fornia Code of Regulations, Title 25, Division 1,
Chapter 3, Subchapter 1, commencing with Section
3. Farm or ranch buildings appurtenant to build- 3000.
ings listed in Exception 1.
1.8.6 Local Modification by Ordinance or Regulation.
4. Any one-story building where the span between
bearing walls does not exceed 25 feet (7620 1.8.6.1 General. Subject to other provisions of law, a city,
mm), except a steel frame or concrete building. county, or city and county may make changes to the pro-
visions adopted by the Department of Housing and Com-
All plans for common interest develop- munity Development. If any city, county, or city and
ments as defined in Section 4100 of the Cali- county does not amend, add, or repeal by local ordi-
fornia Civil Code shall be retained. For
nances or regulations the provisions published in this
additional information regarding plan retention
code or other regulations promulgated by the Depart-
and reproduction of plans by an enforcing
ment of Housing and Community Development, those
agency, see Health and Safety Code Sections
provisions shall be applicable and shall become effec-
19850 through 19852.
tive 180 days after publication by the California Build-
1.8.4.4 Inspections. Construction or work for which a ing Standards Commission. Amendments, additions, and
permit is required shall be subject to inspection by the deletions to this code adopted by a city, county, or city
building official and such construction or work shall and county pursuant to California Health and Safety
remain accessible and exposed for inspection purposes Code Sections 17958.5, 17958.7, and 18941.5, together
until approved. Approval as a result of an inspection with all applicable portions of this code, shall also
shall not be construed to be an approval of a violation of become effective 180 days after publication of the Cali-
the provisions of this code or other regulations of the fornia Building Standards Code by the California Build-
Department of Housing and Community Development. ing Standards Commission.
1.8.5 Right of Entry for Enforcement. 1.8.6.2 Findings, Filings, and Rejections of Local Mod-
1.8.5.1 General. Subject to other provisions of law, offi- ifications. Prior to making any modifications or estab-
cers and agents of the enforcing agency may enter and lishing more restrictive building standards, the governing
inspect public and private properties to secure compli- body shall make express findings and filings, as required
ance with the rules and regulations promulgated by the by California Health and Safety Code Section 17958.7,
Department of Housing and Community Development. showing that such modifications are reasonably neces-
For limitations and additional information regarding sary due to local climatic, geological, or topographical
enforcement, see the following: conditions. No modification shall become effective or
1. For applications subject to State Housing Law as operative unless the following requirements are met:
referenced in Section 1.8.3.2.1 of this code, refer to 1. The express findings shall be made available as a
Health and Safety Code, Division 13, Part 1.5, com- public record.
mencing with Section 17910, and California Code
of Regulations, Title 25, Division 1, Chapter 1, Sub- 2. A copy of the modification and express finding, each
chapter 1, commencing with Section 1. document marked to cross-reference the other, shall
be filed with the California Building Standards
2. For applications subject to the Mobilehome Parks Commission for a city, county, or a city and county,
Act as referenced in Section 1.8.3.2.2 of this code, and with the Department of Housing and Commu-
refer to Health and Safety Code, Division 13, Part nity Development for fire protection districts.
2.1, commencing with Section 18200, and California
Code of Regulations, Title 25, Division 1, Chapter 2, 3. The California Building Standards Commission has
commencing with Section 1000. not rejected the modification or change.
3. For applications subject to the Special Occupancy Nothing in this section shall limit the authority
Parks Act as referenced in Section 1.8.3.2.3 of this of fire protection districts pursuant to California
code, refer to Health and Safety Code Division 13, Health and Safety Code Section 13869.7(a).
Part 2.3, commencing with Section 18860, and Cal- 1.8.7 Alternate Materials, Designs, Tests, and Methods of
ifornia Code of Regulations, Title 25, Division 1, Construction.
Chapter 2.2, commencing with Section 2000. 1.8.7.1 General. The provisions of this code, as adopted
4. For applications subject to the Employee Housing by the Department of Housing and Community Develop-
Act as referenced in Section 1.8.3.2.4 of this code, ment, are not intended to prevent the use of any alternate
refer to Health and Safety Code, Division 13, Part 1, material, appliance, installation, device, arrangement,
commencing with Section 17000, and California design, or method of construction not specifically pre-
Code of Regulations, Title 25, Division 1, Chapter 1, scribed by this code. Consideration and approval of
Subchapter 3, commencing with Section 600. alternates shall comply with Section 1.8.7.2 for local

10 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

DIVISION I CALIFORNIA ADMINISTRATION

building departments and Section 1.8.7.3 for the Depart- 1. The department may require tests at the expense of
ment of Housing and Community Development. the owner or owner’s agent to substantiate compli-
1.8.7.2 Local Building Departments. The building depart- ance with the California Building Standards Code.
ment of any city, county, or city and county may approve 2. The approved alternate shall, for its intended pur-
alternates for use in the erection, construction, recon- pose, be at least equivalent in performance and
struction, movement, enlargement, conversion, alteration, safety to the materials, designs, tests, or methods of
repair, removal, demolition, or arrangement of apartments, construction prescribed by this code.
condominiums, hotels, motels, lodging houses, dwellings, 1.8.8 Appeals Board.
or accessory structures, except for the following:
1.8.8.1 General. Every city, county, or city and county
1. Structures located in mobilehome parks as defined shall establish a process to hear and decide appeals of
in California Health and Safety Code Section 18214. orders, decisions, and determinations made by the enforc-
2. Structures located in special occupancy parks as ing agency relative to the application and interpretation
defined in California Health and Safety Code Sec- of this code and other regulations governing construction
tion 18862.43. use, maintenance and change of occupancy. The govern-
3. Factory-built housing as defined in California ing body of any city, county, or city and county may estab-
Health and Safety Code Section 19971. lish a local appeals board and a housing appeals board
1.8.7.2.1 Approval of Alternates. The consideration to serve this purpose. Members of the appeals board(s)
and approval of alternates by a local building shall not be employees of the enforcing agency and shall
department shall comply with the following proce- be knowledgeable in the applicable building codes, reg-
dures and limitations: ulations and ordinances as determined by the governing
1. The approval shall be granted on a case-by- body of the city, county, or city and county.
case basis. Where no such appeals boards or agencies have
2. Evidence shall be submitted to substantiate been established, the governing body of the city, county,
claims that the proposed alternate, in perform- or city and county shall serve as the local appeals board
ance, safety, and protection of life and health, or housing appeals board as specified in California
conforms to, or is at least equivalent to, the Health and Safety Code Sections 17920.5 and 17920.6.
standards contained in this code and other rules 1.8.8.2 Definitions. The following terms shall for the
and regulations promulgated by the Department purposes of this section have the meaning shown.
of Housing and Community Development. Housing Appeals Board. The board or agency of a city,
3. The local building department may require tests county, or city and county which is authorized by the gov-
performed by an approved testing agency at the erning body of the city, county, or city and county to hear
expense of the owner or owner’s agent as proof appeals regarding the requirements of the city, county,
of compliance. or city and county relating to the use, maintenance, and
4. If the proposed alternate is related to accessibil- change of occupancy of buildings and structures, includ-
ity in covered multifamily dwellings or facilities ing requirements governing alteration, additions, repair,
serving covered multifamily dwellings, as demolition, and moving. In any area in which there is no
defined in Chapter 2 of the California Building such board or agency, “Housing appeals board” means
Code, the proposed alternate must also meet the the local appeals board having jurisdiction over the area.
threshold set for equivalent facilitation as Local Appeals Board. The board or agency of a city,
defined in Chapter 2 of the California Building county, or city and county which is authorized by the gov-
Code. erning body of the city, county, or city and county to hear
For additional information regarding approval appeals regarding the building requirements of the city,
of alternates by a local building department pur- county, or city and county. In any area in which there is
suant to the State Housing Law, see California no such board or agency, “Local appeals board” means
Health and Safety Code Section 17951(e) and Cali- the governing body of the city, county, or city and county
fornia Code of Regulations, Title 25, Division 1, having jurisdiction over the area.
Chapter 1, Subchapter 1. 1.8.8.3 Appeals. Except as otherwise provided by law,
1.8.7.3 Department of Housing and Community Devel- any person, firm, or corporation adversely affected by a
opment. The Department of Housing and Community decision, order, or determination by a city, county, or city
Development may approve alternates for use in the erec- and county relating to the application of building stan-
tion, construction, reconstruction, movement, enlarge- dards published in the California Building Standards
ment, conversion, alteration, repair, removal, or Code, or any other applicable rule or regulation adopted
demolition of apartments, condominiums, hotels, motels, by the Department of Housing and Community Develop-
lodging houses, dwellings, or accessory structures ment, or any lawfully enacted ordinance by a city, county,
thereto, and permanent buildings in mobilehome parks or city and county, may appeal the issue for resolution
and special occupancy parks. The consideration and to the local appeals board or housing appeals board as
approval of alternates shall comply with the following: appropriate.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 11

DIVISION I CALIFORNIA ADMINISTRATION

The local appeals board shall hear appeals relating 2.1, commencing with Section 18200 and California
to new building construction and the housing appeals Code of Regulations, Title 25, Division 1, Chapter 2,
board shall hear appeals relating to existing buildings. commencing with Section 1000.
1.8.9 Unsafe Buildings or Structures. 3. For applications subject to the Special Occupancy
1.8.9.1 Authority to Enforce. Subject to other provisions Parks Act as referenced in Section 1.8.3.2.3 of this
of law, the administration, enforcement, actions, pro- code, refer to Health and Safety Code, Division 13,
ceedings, abatement, violations, and penalties for unsafe Part 2.3, commencing with Section 18860 and Cal-
buildings and structures are contained in the following ifornia Code of Regulations, Title 25, Division 1,
statutes and regulations: Chapter 2.2, commencing with Section 2000.
1. For applications subject to the State Housing Law 4. For applications subject to the Employee Housing
as referenced in Section 1.8.3.2.1 of this code, refer Act as referenced in Section 1.8.3.2.4 of this code,
to Health and Safety Code, Division 13, Part 1.5, refer to Health and Safety Code, Division 13, Part 1,
commencing with Section 17910 and California commencing with Section 17000 and California
Code of Regulations, Title 25, Division 1, Chapter 1, Code of Regulations, Title 25, Division 1, Chapter 1,
Subchapter 1, commencing with Section 1. For Subchapter 3, commencing with Section 600.
enforcement related to accessory dwelling units, see 5. For applications subject to the Factory-Built Housing
Health and Safety Code Section 17980.12, operative Law as referenced in Section 1.8.3.2.5 of this code,
until January 1, 2035. refer to Health and Safety Code, Division 13, Part 6,
commencing with Section 19960 and California Code
2. For applications subject to the Mobilehome Parks
of Regulations, Title 25, Division 1, Chapter 3, Sub-
Act as referenced in Section 1.8.3.2.2 of this code,
chapter 1, commencing with Section 3000.
refer to Health and Safety Code, Division 13, Part
2.1, commencing with Section 18200 and California 1.8.10 Other Building Regulations.
Code of Regulations, Title 25, Division 1, Chapter 2, 1.8.10.1 Existing Structures. Notwithstanding other pro-
commencing with Section 1000. visions of law, the replacement, retention, and extension
3. For applications subject to the Special Occupancy of original materials and the use of original methods of
Parks Act as referenced in Section 1.8.3.2.3 of this construction for any existing building or accessory struc-
code, refer to Health and Safety Code, Division 13, ture, or portions thereof, shall be permitted in accor-
Part 2.3, commencing with Section 18860 and Cal- dance with the provisions of this code and the California
ifornia Code of Regulations, Title 25, Division 1, Existing Building Code, as adopted by the Department of
Chapter 2.2, commencing with Section 2000. Housing and Community Development. For additional
information, see California Health and Safety Code Sec-
4. For applications subject to the Employee Housing tions 17912, 17920.3, 17922 and 17958.8.
Act as referenced in Section 1.8.3.2.4 of this code,
1.8.10.2 Moved Structures. Subject to the requirements
refer to Health and Safety Code, Division 13, Part 1,
of California Health and Safety Code Sections 17922,
commencing with Section 17000 and California
17922.3 and 17958.9, local ordinances or regulations
Code of Regulations, Title 25, Division 1, Chapter 1,
relating to a moved residential building or accessory
Subchapter 3, commencing with Section 600.
structure thereto, shall permit the replacement, retention,
5. For applications subject to the Factory-Built Housing and extension of original materials and the use of origi-
Law as referenced in Section 1.8.3.2.5 of this code, nal methods of construction so long as the structure does
refer to Health and Safety Code, Division 13, Part 6, not become or continue to be a substandard building.
commencing with Section 19960 and California Code
Note:
of Regulations, Title 25, Division 1, Chapter 3, Sub-
chapter 1, commencing with Section 3000. Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Sections
17040, 17050, 17920.9, 17921, 17921.5, 17921.6,
1.8.9.2 Actions and Proceedings. Subject to other pro-
17921.10, 17922, 17922.6, 17922.12, 17922.14, 17926,
visions of law, punishments, penalties, and fines for vio-
17927, 17928, 17958.12, 18552, 18554, 18620, 18630,
lations of building standards are contained in the 18640, 18670, 18690, 18691, 18865, 18871.3, 18871.4,
following statutes and regulations: 18873, 18873.1 through 18873.5, 18938.3, and 19990,
1. For applications subject to the State Housing Law and Government Code Sections 12955.1 and 12855.1.1.
as referenced in Section 1.8.3.2.1 of this code, refer References – Health and Safety Code Sections 17000
to Health and Safety Code, Division 13, Part 1.5, through 17062.5, 17910 through 17995.5, 18200 through
commencing with Section 17910 and California 18700, 18860 through 18874, 18938.6, 18941, 18941.5,
Code of Regulations, Title 25, Division 1, Chapter 1, 19890, 19891, 19892 and 19960 through 19997; Civil
Subchapter 1, commencing with Section 1. Code Sections 1101.4, 1101.5, 1954.201, 1954.202 and
2. For applications subject to the Mobilehome Parks 5551; and Government Code Sections 8698.4, 12955.1,
Act as referenced in Section 1.8.3.2.2 of this code, 12955.1.1 and 65852.2. California Code of Regulations,
refer to Health and Safety Code, Division 13, Part Title 20, Sections 1605.1, 1605.3 and 1607.

12 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

DIVISION I CALIFORNIA ADMINISTRATION

1.9.0 Division of the State Architect. observe the construction of community colleges electing
1.9.1 Division of the State Architect – Access Compliance. to use the alternative building standards as provided in
Note: Buildings or facilities where accessibility is required this section.
for applications listed in California Code of Regulations, Title Authority Cited – Education Code Section 81053.
24, Part 2 (California Building Code), Chapter 1, Section References – Education Code Sections 81052, 81053,
1.9.1 regulated by the Division of the State Architect–Access and 81130 through 81147.
Compliance shall comply with Title 24, Part 2, Chapter 11A
1.9.2.2.1 Adopting Agency Identification. The pro-
or 11B, as applicable under authority cited by CA Govern-
visions of this code applicable to buildings identi-
ment Code Section 4450 and in reference cited by CA Gov-
fied in this Subsection 1.9.2.2 will be identified in
ernment Code Sections 4450 through 4461, 12955.1(c), and
the Matrix Adoption Tables under the acronym DSA-
CA Health and Safety Code Sections 18949.1, 19952 through
SS/CC.
19959.
1.9.1.1 Adopting Agency Identification. The provisions
of this code applicable to buildings identified in this Sub- 1.10.0 Office of Statewide Health Planning and Develop-
section 1.9.1 will be identified in the Matrix Adoption ment.
Tables under the acronym DSA-AC. 1.10.1 OSHPD 1 and OSHPD 1R. Specific scope of appli-
1.9.2 Division of the State Architect – Structural Safety. cation of the agency responsible for enforcement, enforce-
ment agency, specific authority to adopt and enforce such
1.9.2.1 DSA-SS (Division of the State Architect – Struc-
provisions of this code, unless otherwise stated.
tural Safety).
OSHPD 1 and OSHPD 1R
Application – Public elementary and secondary schools,
community college buildings, and state-owned or state- Application – [OSHPD 1] General acute care hospital
leased essential services buildings. buildings. [OSHPD 1R] Non-conforming hospital SPC
or freestanding buildings that have been removed from
Enforcing Agency – Division of the State Architect –
acute care service.
Structural Safety (DSA-SS).
Enforcing Agency – Office of Statewide Health Plan-
The Division of the State Architect has been dele-
ning and Development (OSHPD). The office shall
gated the responsibility and authority by the Department
enforce the Division of the State Architect access com-
of General Services to review and approve the design and
pliance regulations and the regulations of the Office of
oversee and observe the construction of public elemen-
the State Fire Marshal for the above stated facility types.
tary and secondary schools, community colleges, and
state-owned or state-leased essential services buildings. 1.10.1.1 Applicable Administrative Standards.
Authority Cited – Education Code Section 17310 and 1. Title 24, Part 1, California Code of Regulations:
81142, and Health and Safety Code Section 16022. Chapters 6 and 7.
References – Education Code Sections 17280 through 2. Title 24, Part 2, California Code of Regulations:
17317 and 81130 through 81147, and Health and Safety Sections 1.1.0 and 1.10.0, Chapter 1, Division I, and
Code Sections 16000 through 16023. as indicated in the adoption matrix for Chapter 1,
Division II.
1.9.2.1.1 Adopting Agency Identification. The pro-
visions of this code applicable to buildings identi- 1.10.1.2 Applicable Building Standards. California
fied in this Subsection 1.9.2.1 will be identified in Building Standards Code, Title 24, Parts 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9,
the Matrix Adoption Tables under the acronym DSA- 10, and 11.
SS. Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Sections
1.9.2.2 DSA-SS/CC (Division of the State Architect – 127010, 127015, 1275, and 129850.
Structural Safety/Community Colleges). References – Health and Safety Code Sections 19958,
Application – Community Colleges. 127010, 127015, 129680, 1275, and 129675 through
130070.
The Division of the State Architect has been dele-
gated the authority by the Department of General Serv- 1.10.1.3 Adopting Agency Identification. The provisions
ices to promulgate alternate building standards for of this code applicable to buildings identified in this Sub-
application to community colleges, which a community section 1.10.1 will be identified in the Matrix Adoption
college may elect to use in lieu of standards promulgated Tables under the acronym OSHPD 1, and OSHPD 1R.
by DSA-SS in accordance with Section 1.9.2.1. Refer to 1.10.2 OSHPD 2. Specific scope of application of the agency
Title 24, Part 2, Section 1.9.2.2. responsible for enforcement, enforcement agency, specific
Enforcing Agency – Division of the State Architect – authority to adopt and enforce such provisions of this code,
Structural Safety/Community Colleges (DSA-SS/CC). unless otherwise stated.
The Division of the State Architect has been dele- OSHPD 2
gated the authority by the Department of General Serv- Application – Skilled nursing facilities and intermediate
ices to review and approve the design and oversee and care facility buildings.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 13

DIVISION I CALIFORNIA ADMINISTRATION

Enforcing Agency – Office of Statewide Health Plan- OSHPD 4

ning and Development (OSHPD). The office shall also Application – Correctional Treatment Centers.
enforce the Division of the State Architect access com-
Enforcing Agency – Office of Statewide Health Plan-
pliance regulations and the regulations of the Office of
ning and Development (OSHPD). The office shall also
the State Fire Marshal for the above stated facility type.
enforce the Division of the State Architect access com-
1.10.2.1 Applicable Administrative Standards. pliance regulations and the regulations of the Office of
1. Title 24, Part 1, California Code of Regulations: the State Fire Marshal for the above stated facility types.
Chapter 7. 1.10.4.1 Applicable Administrative Standards.
2. Title 24, Part 2, California Code of Regulations: 1. Title 24, Part 1, California Code of Regulations:
Sections 1.1.0 and 1.10.0, Chapter 1, Division I, and Chapter 7.
as indicated in the adoption matrix for Chapter 1,
Division II. 2. Title 24, Part 2, California Code of Regulations:
Sections 1.1.0 and 1.10.0, Chapter 1, Division I, and
1.10.2.2 Applicable Building Standards. California as indicated in the adoption matrix for Chapter 1,
Building Standards Code, Title 24, Parts 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, Division II.
10, and 11.
1.10.4.2 Applicable Building Standards. California
Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Sections Building Standards Code, Title 24, Parts 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9,
127010, 127015, 1275, and 129850. 10 and 11.
References – Health and Safety Code Sections 127010, Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Sections
127015, 1275, and 129680. 127010, 127015, and 129790.
1.10.2.3 Adopting Agency Identification. The provisions References – Health and Safety Code Sections 127010,
of this code applicable to buildings identified in this Sub- 127015, 1275, and 129675 through 130070.
section 1.10.2 will be identified in the Matrix Adoption
Tables under the acronym OSHPD 2. 1.10.4.3. Adopting Agency Identification. The provisions
of this code applicable to buildings identified in this Sub-
1.10.3 OSHPD 3. Specific scope of application of the agency
section 1.10.4 will be identified in the Matrix Adoption
responsible for enforcement, enforcement agency, specific
Tables under the acronym OSHPD 4.
authority to adopt and enforce such provisions of this code,
unless otherwise stated. 1.10.5 OSHPD 5. Specific scope of application of the agency
responsible for enforcement, enforcement agency and the spe-
OSHPD 3
cific authority to adopt and enforce such provisions of this
Application – Licensed clinics and any freestanding code, unless otherwise stated.
building under a hospital license where outpatient clin-
ical services are provided. OSHPD 5
Enforcing Agency – Local building department. Application – Acute psychiatric hospital buildings.
1.10.3.1 Applicable Administrative Standards. Enforcing Agency – Office of Statewide Health Plan-
ning and Development (OSHPD). The office shall also
1. Title 24, Part 1, California Code of Regulations: enforce the Division of the State Architect – Access Com-
Chapter 7. pliance regulations and the regulations of the Office of
2. Title 24, Part 2, California Code of Regulations: the State Fire Marshal for the above-stated facility types.
Sections 1.1.0 and 1.10.0, Chapter 1, Division I, and
1.10.5.1 Applicable Administrative Standards.
as indicated in the adoption matrix for Chapter 1,
Division II. 1. Title 24, Part 1, California Code of Regulations:
Chapter 7.
1.10.3.2 Applicable Building Standards. California
Building Standards Code, Title 24, Parts 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 2. Title 24, Part 2, California Code of Regulations:
10, and 11. Sections 1.1.0 and 1.10.0, Chapter 1, Division I, and
as indicated in the adoption matrix for Chapter I,
Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Sections
Division II.
127010, 127015, and 1226.
References – Health and Safety Code Sections 127010, 1.10.5.2 Applicable Building Standards. California
127015, 129885, and 1226, Government Code Section Building Standards Code, Title 24, Parts 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9,
54350, and State Constitution Article 11, Section 7. 10 and 11.
1.10.3.3 Adopting Agency Identification. The provisions Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Sections 1275
of this code applicable to buildings identified in this Sub- and 129850.
section 1.10.3 will be identified in the Matrix Adoption References – Health and Safety Code Sections 129680,
Tables under the acronym OSHPD 3. 1275 and 129675 through 130070.
1.10.4 OSHPD 4. Specific scope of application of the agency 1.10.5.3 Adopting Agency Identification. The provisions
responsible for enforcement, enforcement agency, specific of this code applicable to buildings identified in this Sub-
authority to adopt and enforce such provisions of this code, section 1.10.5 will be identified in the Matrix Adoption
unless otherwise stated. Tables under the Acronym OSHPD 5.

14 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

DIVISION I CALIFORNIA ADMINISTRATION

1.11.0 Office of the State Fire Marshal. Organized Camps.

1.11.1 SFM-Office of the State Fire Marshal. Specific scope Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Section 18897.3.
of application of the agency responsible for enforcement, the Reference – Health and Safety Code Section 13143.
enforcement agency and the specific authority to adopt and
enforce such provisions of this code, unless otherwise stated. Residential. All hotels, motels, lodging houses, apartment
Application: houses and dwellings, including congregate residences and
Institutional, Educational, or any Similar Occupancy. Any buildings and structures accessory thereto. Multiple-story
building or structure used or intended for use as an asylum, structures existing on January 1, 1975, let for human habita-
jail, mental hospital, hospital, sanitarium, home for the aged, tion, including and limited to, hotels, motels, apartment
children’s nursery, children’s home, school, or any similar houses, less than 75 feet (22 860 mm) above the lowest floor
occupancy of any capacity. level having building access, wherein rooms used for sleep-
ing are let above the ground floor.
Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Section 13143.
Reference – Health and Safety Code Section 13143. Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Sections 13143.2
and 17921.
Reference – Health and Safety Code Section 13143.
Assembly or Similar Place of Assemblage. Any theater,
dancehall, skating rink, auditorium, assembly hall, meeting
hall, nightclub, fair building, or similar place of assemblage Residential Care Facilities. Certified family-care homes, out-
where 50 or more persons may gather together in a building, of-home placement facilities, halfway houses, drug and/or
room or structure for the purpose of amusement, entertain- alcohol rehabilitation facilities, and any building or structure
ment, instruction, deliberation, worship, drinking or dining, used or intended for use as a home or institution for the hous-
awaiting transportation, or education. ing of any person of any age when such person is referred to
or placed within such home or institution for protective social
Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Section 13143. care and supervision services by any governmental agency.
Reference – Health and Safety Code Section 13143.
Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Section 13143.6.
Reference – Health and Safety Code Section 13143.
Small Family Day-Care Homes.
Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Sections 1597.45, Tents, Awnings, or Other Fabric Enclosures Used in Con-
1597.54, 13143, and 17921. nection with Any Occupancy.
Reference – Health and Safety Code Section 13143. Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Section 13116.
Reference – Health and Safety Code Section 13143.
Large Family Day-Care Homes.
Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Sections 1597.46, Fire Alarm Devices, Equipment, and Systems in Connec-
1597.54, and 17921. tion with Any Occupancy.
Reference – Health and Safety Code Section 13143. Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Section 13114.
Reference – Health and Safety Code Section 13143.
Residential Facilities and Residential Facilities for the Eld-
erly. Hazardous Materials.
Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Section 13133. Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Section 13143.9.
Reference – Health and Safety Code Section 13143. Reference – Health and Safety Code Section 13143.

Any State Institution or Other State-Owned or State-Occu- Flammable and Combustible Liquids.
pied Building.
Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Section 13143.6.
Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Section 13108.
Reference – Health and Safety Code Section 13143.
Reference – Health and Safety Code Section 13143.

Public School Automatic Fire Detection, Alarm, and Sprin-

High-Rise Structures. kler Systems.
Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Section 13211. Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Section 13143 and
Reference – Health and Safety Code Section 13143. California Education Code Article 7.5, Sections 17074.50,
17074.52, and 17074.54.
Motion Picture Production Studios. References – Government Code Section 11152.5, Health and
Safety Code Section 13143 and California Education Code
Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Section 13143.1. Chapter 12.5, Leroy F. Greene School Facilities Act of 1998,
Reference – Health and Safety Code Section 13143. Article 1.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 15

DIVISION I CALIFORNIA ADMINISTRATION

Wildland-Urban Interface Fire Area. Marshal published in the California Building Stan-
Authority Cited – Health and Safety Code Sections 13143, dards Code relating to fire and panic safety shall be
13108.5(a), and 18949.2(b) and (c); and Government Code enforced by the State Fire Marshal in all state-
Section 51189. owned buildings, state-occupied buildings, and state
institutions throughout the state. Upon the written
References – Health and Safety Code Sections 13143, Gov-
request of the chief fire official of any city, county, or
ernment Code Sections 51176, 51177, 51178, and 51179; and
fire-protection district, the State Fire Marshal may
Public Resources Code Sections 4201 through 4204.
authorize such chief fire official and his or her
1.11.2 Duties and Powers of the Enforcing Agency. authorized representatives, in their geographical
1.11.2.1 Enforcement. area of responsibility, to make fire-prevention
1.11.2.1.1 The responsibility for enforcement of inspections of state-owned or state-occupied build-
building standards adopted by the State Fire Mar- ings, other than state institutions, for the purpose of
shal and published in the California Building Stan- enforcing the regulations relating to fire and panic
dards Code relating to fire and panic safety and safety adopted by the State Fire Marshal pursuant to
other regulations of the State Fire Marshal shall this section and building standards relating to fire
except as provided in Section 1.11.2.1.2 be as fol- and panic safety published in the California Build-
lows: ing Standards Code. Authorization from the State
Fire Marshal shall be limited to those fire depart-
1. The city, county, or city and county, with juris-
ments or fire districts which maintain a fire-preven-
diction in the area affected by the standard or
tion bureau staffed by paid personnel.
regulation shall delegate the enforcement of the
building standards relating to fire and panic Pursuant to Health and Safety Code Section
safety and other regulations of the State Fire 13108, any requirement or order made by any chief
Marshal as they relate to Group R-3 occupan- fire official who is authorized by the State Fire Mar-
cies, as described in Section 310.1 of Part 2 of shal to make fire-prevention inspections of state-
the California Building Standards Code, to owned or state-occupied buildings, other than state
either of the following: institutions, may be appealed to the State Fire Mar-
1.1. The chief of the fire authority of the city, shal. The State Fire Marshal shall, upon receiving
county, or city, and county or an authorized rep- an appeal and subject to the provisions of Chapter
resentative. 5 (commencing with Section 18945) of Part 2.5 of
Division 13 of the Health and Safety Code, deter-
1.2. The chief building official of the city, mine if the requirement or order made is reasonably
county, or city and county, or an authorized rep- consistent with the fire and panic safety regulations
resentative.
adopted by the State Fire Marshal and building
2. The chief of any city or county fire department standards relating to fire and panic safety published
or of any fire protection district, and authorized in the California Building Code.
representatives, shall enforce within the juris-
Any person may request a code interpretation
diction the building standards and other regu-
from the State Fire Marshal relative to the intent of
lations of the State Fire Marshal, except those
any regulation or provision adopted by the State
described in Item 1 or 4.
Fire Marshal. When the request relates to a specific
3. The State Fire Marshal shall have authority to project, occupancy or building, the State Fire Mar-
enforce the building standards and other regu- shal shall review the issue with the appropriate local
lations of the State Fire Marshal in areas out- enforcing agency prior to rendering such code inter-
side of corporate cities and districts providing pretation.
fire protection services.
1.11.2.1.3 Pursuant to Health and Safety Code Sec-
4. The State Fire Marshal shall have authority to tion 13112, any person who violates any order, rule
enforce the building standards and other regu- or regulation of the State Fire Marshal is guilty of a
lations of the State Fire Marshal in corporate misdemeanor punishable by a fine of not less than
cities and districts providing fire-protection $100.00 or more than $500.00, or by imprisonment
services on request of the chief fire official or for not less than six months, or by both. A person is
the governing body. guilty of a separate offense each day during which
5. Any fee charged pursuant to the enforcement he or she commits, continues, or permits a violation
authority of this section shall not exceed the of any provision of, or any order, rule or regulation
estimated reasonable cost of providing the serv- of, the State Fire Marshal as contained in this code.
ice for which the fee is charged pursuant to Sec- Any inspection authority who, in the exercise of
tion 66014 of the Government Code. his or her authority as a deputy State Fire Marshal,
1.11.2.1.2 Pursuant to Health and Safety Code Sec- causes any legal complaints to be filed or any arrest
tion 13108, and except as otherwise provided in this to be made shall notify the State Fire Marshal imme-
section, building standards adopted by the State Fire diately following such action.

16 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

DIVISION I CALIFORNIA ADMINISTRATION

1.11.2.2 Right of Entry. The fire chief of any city, county, county, or city and county where the ordinance will
or fire-protection district, or such person’s authorized apply. Upon ratification of an adopted ordinance,
representative, may enter any state institution or any the city, county, or city and county shall file a copy
other state-owned or state-occupied building for the pur- of the findings of the district, and any findings of the
pose of preparing a fire-suppression preplanning pro- city, county, or city and county together with the
gram or for the purpose of investigating any fire in a adopted ordinance expressly marked and identified
state-occupied building. to which each finding refers, in accordance with
The State Fire Marshal, his or her deputies or Section 1.1.8.1(3).
salaried assistants, the chief of any city or county fire 1.11.2.4 Request for Alternate Means of Protection.
department or fire-protection district and his or her Requests for approval to use an alternative material,
authorized representatives may enter any building or assembly or materials, equipment, method of construc-
premises not used for dwelling purposes at any reason- tion, method of installation of equipment, or means of
able hour for the purpose of enforcing this chapter. The protection shall be made in writing to the enforcing
owner, lessee, manager, or operator of any such build- agency by the owner or the owner’s authorized represen-
ing or premises shall permit the State Fire Marshal, his tative and shall be accompanied by a full statement of
or her deputies or salaried assistants and the chief of any the conditions. Sufficient evidence or proof shall be sub-
city or county fire department or fire-protection district mitted to substantiate any claim that may be made
and his or her authorized representatives to enter and regarding its conformance. The enforcing agency may
inspect them at the time and for the purpose stated in this require tests and the submission of a test report from an
section. approved testing organization as set forth in Title 19,
1.11.2.3 More Restrictive Fire and Panic Safety Build- California Code of Regulations, to substantiate the
ing Standards. equivalency of the proposed alternative means of pro-
1.11.2.3.1 Any fire-protection district organized pur- tection.
suant to Health and Safety Code Part 2.7 (com- When a request for alternate means of protection
mencing with Section 13800) of Division 12 may involves hazardous materials, the Authority Having
adopt building standards relating to fire and panic Jurisdiction may consider implementation of the findings
safety that are more stringent than those building and recommendations identified in a Risk Management
standards adopted by the State Fire Marshal and Plan (RMP) developed in accordance with Title 19, Divi-
contained in the California Building Standards sion 2, Chapter 4.5, Article 3.
Code. For these purposes, the district board shall Approval of a request for use of an alternative mate-
be deemed a legislative body and the district shall be rial, assembly of materials, equipment, method of con-
deemed a local agency. Any changes or modifica- struction, method of installation of equipment, or means
tions that are more stringent than the requirements of protection made pursuant to these provisions shall be
published in the California Building Standards Code limited to the particular case covered by request and
relating to fire and panic safety shall be subject to shall not be construed as establishing any precedent for
Section 1.1.8.1. any future request.
1.11.2.3.2 Any fire protection district that proposes 1.11.2.5 Appeals. When a request for an alternate means
to adopt an ordinance pursuant to this section shall, of protection has been denied by the enforcing agency,
not less than 30 days prior to noticing a proposed the applicant may file a written appeal to the State Fire
ordinance for public hearing, provide a copy of that Marshal for consideration of the applicant’s proposal. In
ordinance, together with the adopted findings made considering such appeal, the State Fire Marshal may
pursuant to Section 1.11.2.3.1, to the city, county, or seek the advice of the State Board of Fire Services. The
city and county where the ordinance will apply. The State Fire Marshal shall, after considering all of the facts
city, county, or city and county may provide the dis-
presented, including any recommendations of the State
trict with written comments, which shall become
Board of Fire Services, determine if the proposal is for
part of the fire-protection district’s public hearing
the purposes intended, at least equivalent to that speci-
record.
fied in these regulations in quality, strength, effective-
1.11.2.3.3 The fire-protection district shall transmit ness, fire resistance, durability, and safety, and shall
the adopted ordinance to the city, county, or city and transmit such findings and any recommendations to the
county where the ordinance will apply. The legisla- applicant and to the enforcing agency.
tive body of the city, county, or city and county may
1.11.3 Construction Documents. In addition to the provisions
ratify, modify or deny an adopted ordinance and
transmit its determination to the district within 15 of this Section, see Title 24, Part 2, California Building Code,
days of the determination. Any modification or Appendix Chapter 1, Section 106 for additional requirements.
denial of an adopted ordinance shall include a writ- 1.11.3.1 Public Schools. Plans and specifications for the
ten statement describing the reasons for any modi- construction, alteration or addition to any building
fications or denial. No ordinance adopted by the owned, leased or rented by any public school district
district shall be effective until ratification by the city, shall be submitted to the Division of the State Architect.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 17

DIVISION I CALIFORNIA ADMINISTRATION

1.11.3.2 Movable Walls and Partitions. Plans or dia- charge and collect a fee for the inspection from the owner
grams shall be submitted to the enforcing agency for of the structure in an amount, as determined by the city,
approval before the installation of, or rearrangement of, county, or district, sufficient to pay its costs of that
any movable wall or partition in any occupancy. inspection.
Approval shall be granted only if there is no increase in 1.11.4.2 Large Family Day Care. Pursuant to Health
the fire hazard. and Safety Code Section 1597.46, Large Family Day-
1.11.3.3 New Construction High-Rise Buildings. Care Homes, the local government shall process any
1. Complete plans or specifications, or both, shall be required permit as economically as possible, and fees
prepared covering all work required to comply with charged for review shall not exceed the costs of the
new construction high-rise buildings. Such plans review and permit process.
and specifications shall be submitted to the enforc- 1.11.4.3 High-Rise. Pursuant to Health and Safety Code
ing agency having jurisdiction. Section 13217, High-Rise Structure Inspection: Fees and
2. All plans and specifications shall be prepared under Costs, a local agency which inspects a high-rise structure
the responsible charge of an architect or a civil or pursuant to Health and Safety Code Section 13217 may
structural engineer authorized by law to develop charge and collect a fee for the inspection from the owner
construction plans and specifications, or by both of the high-rise structure in an amount, as determined by
such architect and engineer. Plans and specifica- the local agency, sufficient to pay its costs of that inspec-
tions shall be prepared by an engineer duly quali- tion.
fied in that branch of engineering necessary to 1.11.4.4 Fire Clearance Preinspection. Pursuant to
perform such services. Administration of the work Health and Safety Code Section 13235, Fire Clearance
of construction shall be under the charge of the Preinspection, Fee; upon receipt of a request from a
responsible architect or engineer except that where prospective licensee of a community care facility, as
plans and specifications involve alterations or defined in Section 1502, of a residential-care facility for
repairs, such work of construction may be adminis- the elderly, as defined in Section 1569.2, or of a child
tered by an engineer duly qualified to perform such day-care facility, as defined in Section 1596.750, the
services and holding a valid certificate under Chap- local fire enforcing agency, as defined in Section 13244,
ter 7 (commencing with Section 65700) of Division or State Fire Marshal, whichever has primary jurisdic-
3 of the Business and Professions Code for per- tion, shall conduct a preinspection of the facility prior to
formance of services in that branch of engineering the final fire clearance approval. At the time of the prein-
in which said plans, specifications and estimates and spection, the primary fire enforcing agency shall price
work of construction are applicable. consultation and interpretation of the fire safety regula-
This section shall not be construed as prevent- tions and shall notify the prospective licensee of the facil-
ing the design of fire-extinguishing systems by per- ity in writing of the specific fire safety regulations which
sons holding a C-16 license issued pursuant to shall be enforced in order to obtain fire clearance
Division 3, Chapter 9, Business and Professions approval. A fee equal to, but not exceeding, the actual
Code. In such instances, however, the responsibility cost of the of the preinspection services may be charged
charge of this section shall prevail. for the preinspection of a facility.
1.11.3.4 Existing High-Rise Buildings. 1.11.4.5 Care Facilities. The primary fire enforcing
1. Complete plans or specifications, or both, shall be agency shall complete the final fire clearance inspection
prepared covering all work required by Section 3412 for a community care facility, residential-care facility for
for existing high-rise buildings. Such plans or spec- the elderly, or child day-care facility within 30 days of
ifications shall be submitted to the enforcing agency receipt of the request for the final inspection, or as of the
having jurisdiction. date the prospective facility requests the final prelicen-
2. When new construction is required to conform with sure inspection by the State Department of Social Serv-
the provisions of these regulations, complete plans ices, whichever is later.
or specifications, or both, shall be prepared in Pursuant to Health and Safety Code Section 13235,
accordance with the provisions of this subsection. a preinspection fee equal to, but not exceeding, the actual
As used in this section “new construction” is not cost of the of the preinspection services may be charged
intended to include repairs, replacements or minor for the preinspection of a facility.
alterations which do not disrupt or appreciably add Pursuant to Health and Safety Code Section 13131.5,
to or affect the structural aspects of the building.
a reasonable final inspection fee, not to exceed the actual
1.11.3.5 Retention of Plans. Refer to Building Standards cost of inspection services necessary to complete a final
Law, Health and Safety Code Sections 19850 and 19851, inspection may be charged for occupancies classified as
for permanent retention of plans. residential-care facilities for the elderly (RCFE).
1.11.4 Fees. Pursuant to Health and Safety Code Section
1.11.4.1 Other Fees. Pursuant to Health and Safety Code 1569.84, neither the State Fire Marshal nor any local
Section 13146.2, a city, county, or district which inspects public entity shall charge any fee for enforcing fire
a hotel, motel, lodging house, or apartment house may inspection regulations pursuant to state law or regula-

18 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

DIVISION I CALIFORNIA ADMINISTRATION

tion or local ordinance, with respect to residential-care

facilities for the elderly (RCFE) which service six or
fewer persons.
1.11.4.6 Requests of the Office of the State Fire Mar-
shal. Whenever a local Authority Having Jurisdiction
requests that the State Fire Marshal perform plan review
and/or inspection services related to a building permit,
the applicable fees for such shall be payable to the Office
of the State Fire Marshal.
1.11.5 Inspections. Work performed subject to the provisions
of this code shall comply with the inspection requirements of
Title 24, Part 2, California Building Standards Code, Sec-
tions 109.1, 109.3, 109.3.4, 109.3.5, 109.3.6, 109.3.8,
109.3.9, 109.3.10, 109.5, and 109.6 as adopted by the Office
of the State Fire Marshal.
1.11.5.1 Existing Group I-1 or R Occupancies. Licensed
24-hour care in a Group I-1 or R occupancy in existence
and originally classified under previously adopted state
codes shall be reinspected under the appropriate previ-
ous code, provided there is no change in the use or char-
acter which would place the facility in a different
occupancy group.
1.11.6 Certificate of Occupancy. A Certificate of Occupancy
shall be issued as specified in Title 24, Part 2, California
Building Code, Section 111.
Exception: Certificates of occupancy are not required for
work exempt from permits in accordance with Section 105.2
of the California Building Code.
1.11.7 Temporary Structures and Uses. See Title 24, Part 2,
California Building Code, Section 108.
1.11.8 Service Utilities. See Title 24, Part 2, California Build-
ing Code, Section 112.
1.11.9 Stop Work Order. See Title 24, Part 2, California
Building Code, Section 115.
1.11.10 Unsafe Buildings, Structures, and Equipment. See
Title 24, Part 2, California Building Code, Section 116.
1.11.11 Adopting Agency Identification. The provisions of
this code applicable to buildings identified in this section will
be identified in the Matrix Adoption Tables under the acronym
SFM.

1.12.0 Reserved for the State Librarian.

1.13.0 Department of Water Resources (DWR).

1.13.1 Application – Design standards to safely plumb build-
ings with both potable and recycled water systems.
Enforcing Agency – State or local agency specified by the
applicable provisions of law.
Authority Cited – Water Code Section 13557.
References – Water Code Section 13553.
1.13.2 Adopting Agency Identification. The provisions of this
code applicable to buildings identified in this section will be
identified in the Matrix Adoption Tables under the acronym
DWR.

1.14.0 Reserved for the State Lands Commission.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 19

20 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
DIVISION II
ADMINISTRATION

107.1 General. In order to hear and decide appeals of orders,
decisions, or determinations made by the Authority Having
Jurisdiction relative to the application and interpretations of
this code, there shall be and is hereby created a Board of
Appeals consisting of members who are qualified by experi-
ence and training to pass upon matters pertaining to plumb-
ing design, construction, and maintenance and the public
health aspects of plumbing systems and who are not employ-
ees of the jurisdiction. The Authority Having Jurisdiction
shall be an ex-officio member and shall act as secretary to
said board but shall have no vote upon a matter before the
board. The Board of Appeals shall be appointed by the gov-
erning body and shall hold office at its pleasure. The board
shall adopt rules of procedure for conducting its business and
shall render decisions and findings in writing to the appellant
with a duplicate copy to the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
107.2 Limitations of Authority. The Board of Appeals
shall have no authority relative to interpretation of the admin-

26 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

DIVISION II ADMINISTRATION

TABLE 104.5
PLUMBING PERMIT FEES
Permit Issuance
1. For issuing each permit ............................................................................................................................................*______
2. For issuing each supplemental permit......................................................................................................................*______

Unit Fee Schedule (in addition to Item 1 and Item 2 above)

1. For each plumbing fixture on one trap or a set of fixtures on one trap (including water,
drainage piping, and backflow protection therefore) ...............................................................................................*______
2. For each building sewer and each trailer park sewer ...............................................................................................*______
3. Rainwater systems – per drain (inside building)......................................................................................................*______
4. For each cesspool (where permitted) .......................................................................................................................*______
5. For each private sewage disposal system.................................................................................................................*______
6. For each water heater, vent, or both .........................................................................................................................*______
7. For each gas piping system of one to five outlets ....................................................................................................*______
8. For each additional gas piping system outlet, per outlet ..........................................................................................*______
9. For each industrial waste pretreatment interceptor, including its trap and vent,
except kitchen-type grease interceptors functioning as fixture traps .......................................................................*______
10. For each installation, alteration, or repair of water piping, water treating equipment, or both ...............................*______
11. For each repair or alteration of drainage or vent piping, each fixture......................................................................*______
12. For each lawn sprinkler system on one meter including backflow protection devices therefore ............................*______
13. For atmospheric-type vacuum breakers not referenced in Item 12:
One to 5.............................................................................................................................................................*______
Over 5, each ......................................................................................................................................................*______
14. For each backflow protective device other than atmospheric-type vacuum breakers:
Two inches (50 mm) in diameter and smaller ..................................................................................................*______
Over 2 inches (50 mm) in diameter ..................................................................................................................*______
15. For each gray water system......................................................................................................................................*______
16. For initial installation and testing of a reclaimed water system ...............................................................................*______
17. For each annual cross-connection testing of a reclaimed water system (excluding initial test) ..............................*______
18. For each medical gas piping system serving one to five inlet(s)/outlet(s) for a specific gas...................................*______
19. For each additional medical gas inlet(s)/outlet(s) ....................................................................................................*______

Other Inspections and Fees

1. Inspections outside of normal business hours ..........................................................................................................*______
2. Reinspection fee .......................................................................................................................................................*______
3. Inspections for which no fee is specifically indicated..............................................................................................*______
4. Additional plan review required by changes, additions, or
revisions to approved plans (minimum charge – 1⁄2 hour)........................................................................................*______
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm
* Jurisdiction will indicate their fees here

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 27

28 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE. MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
CHAPTER 2 - DEFINITIONS
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter X X

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections X X X X X X X X X X X
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
X X X
that are listed below
Chapter/Section
203.0 X X X X X X
204.0 X X
205.0 X X X X X
206.0 X X X X X X
207.0 X X X X X
208.0 X
209.0 X X X
210.0 X X X X X
211.0 X X X
214.0 X X
215.0 X X X
216.0 X X X
217.0 X X X
220.0 X X X X
221.0 X X X X X X X X
222.0 X X X X X X X X
223.0 X X
225.0 X
This state agency does not adopt sections identified with the following symbol: †
The Office of the State Fire Marshal’s adoption of this chapter or individual sections is applicable to structures regulated by other state agencies pursuant to
Section 1.11.0.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 29

30 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
CHAPTER 2
DEFINITIONS

201.0 General. Appliance. A device that utilizes an energy source to pro-

201.1 Applicability. For the purpose of this code, the fol- duce light, heat, power, refrigeration, air conditioning, or
lowing terms have the meanings indicated in this chapter. compressed fuel gas. This definition also shall include a
vented decorative appliance.
No attempt is made to define ordinary words, which are
used in accordance with their established dictionary mean- Appliance, Low-Heat. A fuel-burning appliance that
ings, except where a word has been used loosely, and it is produces a continuous flue gas temperature, at the point
of entrance to the flue, of not more than 1000°F (538°C).
necessary to define its meaning as used in this code to avoid
misunderstanding. Appliance, Medium-Heat. A fuel-burning appliance
that produces a continuous flue gas temperature, at the
point of entrance to the flue, of more than 1000°F
202.0 Definition of Terms. (538°C) and less than 2000°F (1093°C).
202.1 General. The definitions of terms are arranged alpha- Appliance Categorized Vent Diameter/Area. The min-
betically according to the first word of the term. imum vent diameter/area permissible for Category I appli-
ances to maintain a nonpositive vent static pressure when
tested in accordance with nationally recognized standards.
203.0 –A–
[NFPA 54:3.3.6]
ABS. Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene. Appliance Fuel Connector. An assembly of listed semi-
Accepted Engineering Practice. That which conforms rigid or flexible tubing and fittings to carry fuel between a
to technical or scientific-based principles, tests, or standards fuel-piping outlet and a fuel-burning appliance.
that are accepted by the engineering profession. Approved. Acceptable to the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
Accessible. Where applied to a fixture, connection, appli- Exception: [HCD 1 & HCD 2] “Approved” means meeting
ance, or equipment, “accessible” means having access the approval of the Enforcing Agency, except as otherwise pro-
thereto, but which first may require the removal of an access vided by law, when used in connection with any system, mate-
panel, door, or similar obstruction. rial, type of construction, fixture or appliance as the result of
Accessible, Readily. Having a direct access without the investigations and tests conducted by the agency, or by rea-
necessity of removing a panel, door, or similar obstruction. son of accepted principles or tests by national authorities, or
Accessory Dwelling Unit. [HCD 1 & HCD 2] An technical, health, or scientific organizations or agencies.
attached or detached residential dwelling unit that provides Notes:
complete independent living facilities for one or more per- 1. See Health and Safety Code Section 17920 for
sons and is located on a lot with a proposed or existing pri- “Approved” as applied to residential construction and
mary residence. Accessory dwelling units shall include buildings or structures accessory thereto as referenced
permanent provisions for living, sleeping, eating, cooking, in Section 1.8.2.
and sanitation on the same parcel as the single-family or mul- 2. See Health and Safety Code Section 17921.1 for
tifamily dwelling is or will be situated. (See Government Code “Approved” as applied to the use of the hotplates in res-
Section 65852.2.) idential construction as referenced in Section 1.8.2.
Air Break. A physical separation which may be a low inlet 3. See Health and Safety Code 19966 for “Approved” as
into the indirect waste receptor from the fixture, appliance, applied to Factory-Built Housing as referenced in Sec-
or device indirectly connected. tion 1.8.3.2.5.
Air Gap, Drainage. The unobstructed vertical distance 4. See Health and Safety Code Section 18201 for
through the free atmosphere between the lowest opening from “Approved” as applied to Mobilehome Parks as refer-
a pipe, plumbing fixture, appliance, or appurtenance convey- enced in Section 1.8.2.
ing waste to the flood-level rim of the receptor. 5. See Health and Safety Code Section 18862.1 for
“Approved” as applied to Special Occupancy Parks as
Air Gap, Water Distribution. The unobstructed vertical
referenced in Section 1.8.2.
distance through the free atmosphere between the lowest
opening from a pipe or faucet conveying potable water to the Approved Testing Agency. An organization primarily
flood-level rim of a tank, vat, or fixture. established for purposes of testing to approved standards and
approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
Alternate Water Source. Nonpotable source of water that
includes but not limited to gray water, on-site treated non- [HCD 1 & HCD 2] “Approved Testing Agency” is any
agency which is determined by the enforcing agency, except
potable water, on-site treated nonpotable gray water, rain-
as otherwise provided by statute, to have adequate personnel
> water, and reclaimed (recycled) water.
Anchors. See Supports.
and expertise to carry out the testing of systems, materials,
and construction fixtures or appliances.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 31

DEFINITIONS

Area Drain. A receptor designed to collect surface or storm Bonding Conductor or Jumper. A reliable conductor to
water from an open area. ensure the required electrical conductivity between metal
Aspirator. A fitting or device supplied with water or other parts required to be electrically connected. [NFPA 70:100
fluid under positive pressure that passes through an integral (Part I)]
orifice or constriction, causing a vacuum. Bottle Filling Station. A plumbing fixture connected to the
Authority Having Jurisdiction. The organization, office, potable water distribution system and sanitary drainage sys-
or individual responsible for enforcing the requirements of a tem that is designed and intended for filling personal use
code or standard, or for approving equipment, materials, drinking water bottles or containers not less than 10 inches
installations, or procedures. The Authority Having Jurisdic- (254 mm) in height. Such fixtures can be separate from or
tion shall be a federal, state, local, or other regional depart- integral to a drinking fountain and can incorporate a water fil-
ment or an individual such as a plumbing official, mechanical ter and a cooling system for chilling the drinking water.
official, labor department official, health department official, Branch. A part of the piping system other than a main, riser,
building official, or others having statutory authority. In the or stack.
absence of statutory authority, the Authority Having Juris- Branch, Fixture. See Fixture Branch.
diction may be some other responsible party. This definition Branch, Horizontal. See Horizontal Branch.
shall include the Authority Having Jurisdiction’s duly author-
Branch Vent. A vent connecting one or more individual
ized representative.
vents with a vent stack or stack vent.
[HCD 1 & HCD 2] “Authority Having Jurisdiction” shall
Building. A structure built, erected, and framed of compo-
mean “Enforcing Agency” as defined in Section 207.0 of this
nent structural parts designed for the housing, shelter, enclo-
code.
sure, or support of persons, animals, or property of any kind.
Exceptions: [HCD 1 & HCD 2] “BUILDING” shall not
204.0 –B– include the following:
Backflow. The flow of water or other liquids, mixtures, or 1. Any mobilehome as defined in Health and Safety Code
substances into the distributing pipes of a potable supply of Section 18008.
water from sources other than its intended source. See Back- 2. Any manufactured home as defined in Health and Safety
pressure Backflow and Backsiphonage. Code Section 18007.
Backflow Connection. An arrangement whereby backflow 3. Any commercial modular as defined in Health and Safety
can occur. Code Section 18001.8 or any special purpose commer-
Backflow Preventer. A backflow prevention device, an cial modular as defined in Section 18012.5.
assembly, or another method to prevent backflow into the 4. Any recreational vehicle as defined in Health and Safety
potable water system. Code Section 18010.
Backpressure Backflow. Backflow due to an increased 5. Any multifamily manufactured home as defined in Health
pressure above the supply pressure, which may be due to and Safety Code Section 18008.7.
pumps, boilers, gravity, or other sources of pressure.
For additional information, see Health and Safety Code
Backsiphonage. The flowing back of used, contaminated, Section 18908.
or polluted water from a plumbing fixture or vessel into a
water supply pipe due to a pressure less than atmospheric in Building Drain. That part of the lowest piping of a drainage
such pipe. See Backflow. system that receives the discharge from soil, waste, and other
drainage pipes inside the walls of the building and conveys it
Backwater Valve. A device installed in a drainage system to the building sewer beginning 2 feet (610 mm) outside the
to prevent reverse flow. building wall.
Bathroom. A room equipped with a shower, bathtub, or Building Drain (Sanitary). A building drain that conveys
combination bath/shower. sewage only.
Bathroom, Half. A room equipped with only a water closet Building Drain (Storm). A building drain that conveys
and lavatory. storm water or another drainage, but no sewage.
Bathroom Group. Any combination of fixtures, not to Building Sewer. That part of the horizontal piping of a
exceed one water closet, two lavatories, either one bathtub or drainage system that extends from the end of the building
one combination bath/shower, and one shower, and may drain and that receives the discharge of the building drain and
include a bidet and an emergency floor drain. conveys it to a public sewer, private sewer, private sewage
Battery of Fixtures. A group of two or more similar, adja- disposal system, or another point of disposal.
cent fixtures that discharge into a common horizontal waste Building Sewer (Combined). A building sewer that con-
or soil branch. veys both sewage and storm water or other drainage.
Bedpan Steamer. A fixture that is used to sterilize bedpans Building Sewer (Sanitary). A building sewer that conveys
by way of steam. sewage only.
Boiler Blowoff. An outlet on a boiler to permit emptying or Building Sewer (Storm). A building sewer that conveys
discharge of sediment. storm water or another drainage, but no sewage.

32 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

DEFINITIONS

Building Subdrain. That portion of a drainage system that the products of combustion from fuel-burning low-heat
does not drain by gravity into the building sewer. appliances producing combustion gases not in excess of
Building Supply. The pipe is carrying potable water from 1000°F (538°C) under normal operating conditions, but
the water meter or another source of water supply to a build- capable of producing combustion gases of 1400°F (760°C)
ing or other point of use or distribution on the lot. during intermittent forced firing for periods up to one hour.
Temperatures are measured at the appliance flue outlet.
Chimney, Medium-Heat Appliance-Type. A fac-
205.0 –C–
tory-built, masonry, or metal chimney suitable for
Category 1. Activities, systems, or equipment whose fail- removing the products of combustion from fuel-burning
ure is likely to cause major injury or death to patients, staff, medium-heat appliances producing combustion gases,
or visitors. [NFPA 99:3.3.158.1] not in excess of 2000°F (1093°C), measured at the appli-
Category 2. Activities, systems, or equipment whose failure ance flue outlet.
is likely to cause minor injury to patients, staff, or visitors. Chimney, Residential Appliance-Type. A factory-
[NFPA 99:3.3.158.2] built or masonry chimney suitable for removing products
Category 3. Activities, systems, or equipment whose failure of combustion from residential-type appliances produc-
is not likely to cause injury to patients, staff, or visitors, but ing combustion gases, not in excess of 1000°F (538°C),
can cause discomfort. [NFPA 99:3.3.158.3] measured at the appliance flue outlet. Factory-built Type
Category 3 Vacuum System. A Category 3 vacuum dis- HT chimneys have high-temperature thermal shock
tribution system that can be either a wet system designed to resistance.
remove liquids, air-gas, or solids from the treated area; or a Circuit Vent. The vent that connects to a horizontal drainage
dry system designed to trap liquid and solids before the serv- branch and vents two traps to a maximum of eight traps con-
ice inlet and to accommodate air-gas only through the serv- nected into a battery of fixtures.
ice inlet. [NFPA 99:3.3.21] Clarifier. See Interceptor (Clarifier).
Category 4. Activities, systems, or equipment whose failure Clear Water Waste. Cooling water and condensate drainage
would have no impact on patient care. [NFPA 99:3.3.158.4] from refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment; cooled
Certified Backflow Assembly Tester. A person who has condensate from steam heating systems, and cooled boiler
shown competence to test and maintain backflow assemblies blowdown water.
to the satisfaction of the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Clinical Sink. A fixture that has the same flushing and
Cesspool. A lined excavation in the ground that receives cleansing characteristics of a water closet that is used to
the discharge of a drainage system or part thereof, so designed receive the wastes from a bedpan. Also, known as a bedpan
as to retain the organic matter and solids discharging therein washer.
but permitting the liquids to seep through the bottom and Clothes Washer System [HCD 1]. A gray water system
sides. utilizing only a single domestic clothes washing machine in a
Chemical Waste. See Special Wastes. one- or two-family dwelling.
Chimney. One or more passageways, vertical or nearly so, Coastal High Hazard Areas. An area within the flood
for conveying flue or vent gases to the outdoors. [NFPA hazard area that is subject to high-velocity wave action, and
54:3.3.18] shown on a Flood Insurance Rate Map or other flood hazard
Chimney, Factory-Built. A chimney composed of map as Zone V, VO, VE or V1-30.
listed factory-built components assembled in accordance Code. A standard that is an extensive compilation of provi-
with the manufacturer’s installation instructions to form sions covering broad subject matter or that is suitable for
the completed chimney. [NFPA 54:3.3.18.2] adoption into law independently of other codes and standards.
Chimney, Masonry. A field-constructed chimney of Combination Temperature and Pressure-Relief
solid masonry units, bricks, stones, listed masonry chim- Valve. A relief valve that actuates when a set temperature,
ney units, or reinforced Portland cement concrete, lined pressure, or both is reached. Also, known as a T&P Valve.
with suitable chimney flue liners. [NFPA 54:3.3.18.3] Combination Thermostatic/Pressure Balancing
Chimney, Metal. A chimney constructed of metal with Valve. A mixing valve that senses outlet temperature and
a minimum thickness not less than 0.127 inches (3.23 incoming hot and cold water pressure and compensates for
mm) (No. 10 manufacturer’s standard gauge) steel sheet. fluctuations in incoming hot and cold water temperatures,
Chimney Classifications: pressures, or both to stabilize outlet temperatures.
Chimney, High-Heat Appliance-Type. A factory- Combination Waste and Vent System. A specially
built, masonry, or metal chimney suitable for removing designed system of waste piping embodying the horizontal
the products of combustion from fuel-burning high-heat wet venting of one or more sinks or floor drains using a com-
appliances producing combustion gases in excess of mon waste and vent pipe adequately sized to provide free
2000°F (1093°C), measured at the appliance flue outlet. movement of air above the flow line of the drain.
Chimney, Low-Heat Appliance-Type. A factory- Combined Building Sewer. See Building Sewer (Com-
built, masonry, or metal chimney suitable for removing bined).

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 33

DEFINITIONS

Combustible Material. A material that, in the form in breaker, combination valve, or the bottom of such approved
which it is used and under the conditions anticipated, will device shall constitute the critical level.
ignite and burn; a material that does not meet the definition of Cross-Connection. A connection or arrangement, physical
noncombustible. [NFPA 54:3.3.64.1] or otherwise, between a potable water supply system and a
Commercial Modular System. A drinking water treat- plumbing fixture or a tank, receptor, equipment, or device,
ment unit system consisting of multiple components attached through which it may be possible for nonpotable, used, unclean,
to a manifold, produced specifically for food service appli- polluted, and contaminated water, or other substances to enter
cations, and not intended for use in residential applications. into a part of such potable water system under any condition.
Commissaries Serving Mobile Food Preparation
Units [DPH]. A food establishment in which food, contain- 206.0 –D–
ers, equipment or supplies are stored or handled for use in Dead Leg. A section of potable water pipe which contains
vehicles, mobile food preparation units, food carts or vending water that has no flow or does not circulate.
machines.
Debris Excluder. A device installed on the rainwater catch-
Common. That part of a plumbing system that is so ment conveyance system to prevent the accumulation of
designed and installed as to serve more than one appliance, leaves, needles, or other debris in the system.
fixture, building, or system.
Department [HCD 1, HCD 2 and HCD 1-AC]. “Depart-
Complex System [BSC-CG, HCD 1]. Gray water systems ment” means the Department of Housing and Community
that discharge over 250 gallons (947 L) per day. Development.
Condensate. The liquid phase produced by condensation Department Having Jurisdiction. The Authority Having
of a gas or vapor. Jurisdiction, including any other law enforcement agency
Conductor. A pipe inside the building that conveys storm affected by a provision of this code, whether such agency is
water from the roof to a storm drain, combined building specifically named or not.
sewer, or other approved point of disposal. [HCD 1 & HCD 2] “Department Having Jurisdiction” shall
Confined Space. A room or space having a volume less mean “Enforcing Agency” as defined in Section 207.0 of this
than 50 cubic feet per 1000 British thermal units per hour code.
(Btu/h) (4.83 m3/kW) of the aggregate input rating of all fuel- Design Flood Elevation. The elevation of the “design
burning appliances installed in that space. flood,” including wave height, relative to the datum specified
Construction Documents. Plans, specifications, written, on the community’s legally designated flood hazard map. In
graphic, and pictorial documents prepared or assembled for areas designated as Zone AO, the design flood elevation is
describing the design, location, and physical characteristics the elevation of the highest existing grade of the building’s
of the elements of a project necessary for obtaining a permit. perimeter plus the depth number (in feet) specified on the
Contamination. An impairment of the quality of the flood hazard map. In areas designated as Zone AO where a
potable water that creates an actual hazard to the public health depth number is not specified on the map, the depth number
through poisoning or the spread of disease by sewage, indus- is taken as being equal to 2 feet (610 mm).
trial fluids, or waste. Also, defined as High Hazard. Developed Length. The length along the centerline of a
Continuous Vent. A vertical vent that is a continuation of pipe and fittings.
the drain to which it connects. Diameter. Unless specifically stated, “diameter” is the nom-
inal diameter as designated commercially.
Continuous Waste. A drain is connecting the compart-
ments of a set of fixtures to a trap or connecting other per- Direct-Vent Appliances. Appliances that are constructed
mitted fixtures to a common trap. and installed so that all air for combustion is derived directly
from the outdoors and all flue gases are discharged to the out-
Copper Alloy. A homogenous mixture of two or more met-
doors. [NFPA 54:3.3.5.3]
als in which copper is the primary component, such as brass
and bronze. Disinfected Tertiary Recycled Water [DWR]. Filtered
and subsequently disinfected wastewater that meets the
Covered Multifamily Dwellings [HCD 1-AC]. See Sec- approved method of treatment and minimum level of water
tion 1.8.2.1.2. quality specified in California Code of Regulations, Title 22,
CPVC. Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride. Division 4, Chapter 3 for the purpose of direct beneficial use.
Critical Care Area. See Patient Care Space, Category 1. Disposal Field [BSC-CG & HCD 1]. An intended desti-
Critical Level. The critical level (C-L or C/L) marking on a nation for gray water, including but not limited to, a mulch
backflow prevention device or vacuum breaker is a point con- basin or receiving landscape feature, gray water leach field,
forming to approved standards and established by the testing or other approved method of disposal.
laboratory (usually stamped on the device by the manufac- Domestic Sewage. The liquid and water-borne wastes
turer) that determines the minimum elevation above the flood- derived from the ordinary living processes, free from indus-
level rim of the fixture or receptor served at which the device trial wastes, and of such character as to permit satisfactory
may be installed. Where a backflow prevention device does disposal, without special treatment, into the public sewer or
not bear a critical level marking, the bottom of the vacuum by means of a private sewage disposal system.

34 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

DEFINITIONS

Downspout. The rain leader from the roof to the building Existing Work. A plumbing system or any part thereof that
storm drain, combined building sewer, or other means of dis- has been installed prior to the effective date of this code.
posal located outside of the building. See Conductor and Expansion Joint. A fitting or arrangement of pipe and fit-
Leader. tings that permit the contraction and expansion of a piping
Drain. A pipe that carries waste or waterborne wastes in a system.
building drainage system. Expansion Tank. A vessel used to protect potable water
Drainage System. Includes all the piping within public or systems from excessive pressure.
private premises that conveys sewage, storm water, or other
liquid wastes to a legal point of disposal, but does not include 208.0 –F–
the mains of a public sewer system or a public sewage treat-
F Rating. The time period that the penetration firestop sys-
ment or disposal plant.
tem limits the spread of fire through the penetration, where
Drinking Fountain. A plumbing fixture connected to the tested in accordance with ASTM E814 or UL 1479.
potable water distribution system and sanitary drainage sys-
Fixture Branch. A water supply pipe between the fixture
tem that provides drinking water in a flowing stream so that supply pipe and the water distribution pipe.
the user can consume water directly from the fixture without
the use of accessories. Drinking fountains should also incor- Fixture Drain. The drain from the trap of a fixture to the
porate a bottle filling station and can incorporate a water fil- junction of that drain with any other drain pipe.
ter and a cooling system for chilling the drinking water. Fixture Fitting. A device that controls and guides the flow
Dry Vent. A vent that does not receive the discharge of any of water.
sewage or waste. Fixture Supply. A water supply pipe is connecting the fix-
ture with the fixture branch.
Durham System. Soil or waste system in which all piping
is threaded pipe, tubing, or other such rigid construction, Fixture Unit. A quantity in terms of which the load-produc-
using recessed drainage fittings to correspond to the types of ing effects on the plumbing system of different kinds of
piping. plumbing fixtures are expressed on some arbitrarily chosen
scale.
Flammable Vapor or Fumes. The concentration of flam-
207.0 –E– mable constituents in the air that exceeds 25 percent of its
Effective Ground-Fault Current Path. An intentionally lower flammability limit (LFL).
constructed, low impedance electrically conductive path Flood Hazard Area. The greater of the following two areas:
designed and intended to carry current under ground-fault
(1) The area within a floodplain subject to a 1 percent or
conditions from the point of a ground fault on a wiring sys-
greater chance of flooding in any given year.
tem to the electrical supply source and that facilitates the
operation of the overcurrent protective device or ground-fault (2) The area designated as a flood hazard area on a commu-
detectors. [NFPA 54:3.3.34] nity’s flood hazard map, or otherwise legally designated.
Effective Opening. The minimum cross-sectional area at Flood Level. See Flooded.
the point of water supply discharge measured or expressed in Flood-Level Rim. The top edge of a receptor from which
terms of (1) diameter of a circle or (2) where the opening is water overflows.
not circular, the diameter of a circle of equivalent cross-sec- Flooded. A fixture is flooded where the liquid therein rises
tional area. (This applies to an air gap). to the flood-level rim.
Emergency Floor Drain. A floor drain that does not Flue Collar. That portion of an appliance designed for the
receive discharge from any fixture drain or indirect waste attachment of a draft hood, vent connector, or venting sys-
pipe, and serves to protect from damage where accidental tem. [NFPA 54:3.3.44]
spills, leaks or fixture backups occur. Flush Tank. A tank located above or integral with water
Enforcing Agency [BSC, BSC-CG, HCD 1, HCD 2, and closets, urinals, or similar fixtures for the purpose of flushing
HCD 1-AC]. “Enforcing Agency” is the designated depart- the usable portion of the fixture.
ment or agency as specified by statute or regulation. Flush Valve. A valve located at the bottom of a tank for
Essentially Nontoxic Transfer Fluid. Essentially non- flushing water closets and similar fixtures.
toxic at practically nontoxic, Toxicity Rating Class 1 (refer- Flushometer Tank. A tank integrated within an air accu-
ence “Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products” by mulator vessel that is designed to discharge a predetermined
Gosselin, Smith, Hodge, & Braddock). quantity of water to fixtures for flushing purposes.
Exam Room Sink. A sink used in the patient exam room of Flushometer Valve. A valve that discharges a predeter-
a medical or dental office with a primary purpose of the wash- mined quantity of water to fixtures for flushing purposes and
ing of hands. is actuated by direct water pressure.
Excess Flow Valve (EFV). A valve designed to activate FOG Disposal System. A grease interceptor that reduces
when the fuel gas passing through it exceeds a prescribed nonpetroleum fats, oils, and grease (FOG) in the effluent by
flow rate. [NFPA 54:3.3.99.3] separation, mass, and volume reduction.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 35

DEFINITIONS

Food Establishment [DPH]. Any room, building, place or fall in a fraction of an inch (mm) or percentage slope per foot
portion thereof, maintained, used or operated for purpose of (meter) length of pipe.
storing, preparing, serving, packaging, transporting, sal- Gravity Grease Interceptor. A plumbing appurtenance or
vaging or otherwise handling food at the retail level. appliance that is installed in a sanitary drainage system to
Fuel Gas. Natural, manufactured liquefied petroleum, or a intercept nonpetroleum fats, oils, and greases (FOG) from a
mixture of these. wastewater discharge and is identified by volume, 30 minute
retention time, baffle(s), not less than two compartments, a
total volume of not less than 300 gallons (1135 L), and grav-
209.0 –G– ity separation. [These interceptors comply with the require-
Gang or Group Shower. Two or more showers in a comments of Chapter 10 or are designed by a registered design
mon area. professional.] Gravity grease interceptors are generally
Gas Piping. An installation of pipe, valves, or fittings that installed outside.
are used to convey fuel gas, installed on a premise or in a Graywater [BSC-CG & HCD 1]. Pursuant to Health and
building, but shall not include: Safety Code Section 17922.12, "graywater" means untreated
(1) A portion of the service piping. wastewater that has not been contaminated by any toilet dis-
(2) An approved piping connection 6 feet (1829 mm) or less charge, has not been affected by infectious, contaminated, or
in length between an existing gas outlet and a gas appli- unhealthy bodily wastes, and does not present a threat from
contamination by unhealthful processing, manufacturing, or
ance in the same room with the outlet.
operating wastes. "Graywater" includes, but is not limited to,
Gas Piping System. An arrangement of gas piping or reg- wastewater from bathtubs, showers, bathroom washbasins,
ulators after the point of delivery and each arrangement of clothes washing machines, and laundry tubs, but does not
gas piping serving a building, structure, or premises, whether include wastewater from kitchen sinks or dishwashers.
individually metered or not.
» General Anesthesia and Levels of Sedation/Analge-
sia.
Note: For the purpose of applying the standards contained
in this code, “Graywater” as defined above, has the same
meaning as “gray water”, “grey water”, and “greywater”.
» Deep Sedation/Analgesia. A drug-induced depression
of consciousness during which patients cannot be easily
Gray Water System [BSC-CG]. A system designed to col-
lect gray water to be treated on-site for reuse or distribution
aroused but respond purposefully following repeated or to an irrigation or disposal field. A gray water system may
painful stimulation. The ability to independently maintain include, on-site treated nonpotable water devices or equip-
ventilatory function may be impaired. Patients may require ment, tanks, valves, filters, pumps or other appurtenances
assistance in maintaining a patent airway, and spontaneous along with piping and receiving landscape.
ventilation may be inadequate. Cardiovascular function is Gray Water System [HCD 1]. A system designed to collect
usually maintained. [NFPA 99:3.3.66.2] gray water on-site for reuse or distribution to an irrigation or
» General Anesthesia. A drug-induced loss of con-
sciousness during which patients are not arousable, even
disposal field. A gray water system may include, on-site
treated nonpotable water devices or equipment, tanks, valves,
by painful stimulation. The ability to independently filters, pumps or other appurtenances along with piping and
maintain ventilatory function is often impaired. Patients receiving landscape.
often require assistance in maintaining a patent airway, Grease Interceptor. A plumbing appurtenance or appli-
and positive pressure ventilation may be required ance that is installed in a sanitary drainage system to inter-
because of depressed spontaneous ventilation or drug- cept nonpetroleum fats, oil, and greases (FOG) from a
induced depression of neuromuscular function. Cardio- wastewater discharge.
vascular function may be impaired. [NFPA 99:3.3.66.1]
» Minimal Sedation (Anxiolysis). A drug-induced
state during which patients respond normally to verbal
Grease Removal Device (GRD). A hydromechanical
grease interceptor that automatically, mechanically removes
non-petroleum fats, oils and grease (FOG) from the intercep-
commands. Although cognitive function and coordina- tor, the control of which are either automatic or manually ini-
tion may be impaired, ventilatory and cardiovascular tiated.
functions are unaffected. [NFPA 99:3.3.66.4]
» Moderate Sedation/Analgesia (Conscious Seda-
tion). A drug-induced depression of consciousness dur-
Grounding Electrode. A conducting object through which
a direct connection to earth is established. [NFPA 70:100
(Part I)]
ing which patients respond purposefully to verbal
Group Wash Fixture. A lavatory that allows more than one
commands, either alone or accompanied by light tactile
person to utilize the fixture at the same time. The fixture has
stimulation. No interventions are required to maintain a
one or more drains and one or more faucets.
patient airway, and spontaneous ventilation is adequate.
Cardiovascular function is usually maintained. [NFPA
99:3.3.66.3] 210.0 –H–
Grade. The slope or fall of a line of pipe in reference to a Handwashing Fixture [OSHPD 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5]. Handwash-
horizontal plane. In drainage, it is usually expressed as the ing fixtures consist of faucet, trim and lavatory as described:

36 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

DEFINITIONS

DEFINITIONS

Standard. A document, the main text of which contains only Tailpiece. The pipe or tubing that connects the outlet of a
mandatory provisions using the word “shall” to indicate plumbing fixture to a trap.
requirements and which is in a form generally suitable for Testing Agency [HCD 1]. See “Approved Testing Agency”.
mandatory reference by another standard or code or for adop-
tion into law. Nonmandatory provisions shall be located in Thermostatic (Temperature Control) Valve. A mixing
an appendix, footnote, or fine print note and are not to be con- valve that senses outlet temperature and compensates for fluc-
sidered a part of the requirements of a standard. tuations in incoming hot or cold water temperatures.
Standard Cubic Feet per Minute (SCFM). Volumetric Toilet [OSHPD 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5]. A fixture within a toilet room
flow rate of gas in units of standard cubic feet per minute. which is used for defecation or urination.
[NFPA 99:3.3.168] Toilet Facility. A room or space containing not less than one
Station Inlet. An inlet point in a piped medical/surgical vac- lavatory and one water closet.
uum distribution system at which the user makes connections Toilet Room [OSHPD 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5]. A room within or on
and disconnections. [NFPA 99:3.3.169] the premises containing water closets, urinals, and other
Station Outlet. An outlet point in a piped medical gas dis- required facilities.
tribution system at which the user makes connections and dis- Transition Gas Riser. A listed or approved section or sec-
connections. [NFPA 99:3.3.170] tions of pipe and fittings used to convey fuel gas and installed
Sterilizer. A piece of equipment that disinfects instruments in a gas piping system to provide a transition from below-
and equipment by way of heat. ground to aboveground.
Storm Drain. See Building Drain (Storm). Trap. A fitting or device so designed and constructed as to
provide, where properly vented, a liquid seal that will prevent
Storm Sewer. A sewer used for conveying rainwater, sur-
the back passage of air without materially affecting the flow
face water, condensate, cooling water, or similar liquid
of sewage or wastewater through it.
wastes.
Trap Arm. Those portions of a fixture drain between a trap
Submeter. [HCD 1] A secondary device beyond a meter
and the vent.
that measures water consumption of an individual rental unit
within a multiunit residential structure or mixed-use residen- Trap Primer. A device and system of piping that maintains
tial and commercial structure. (See Civil Code Section a water seal in a remote trap.
1954.202(g) and Water Code Section 517 for additional Trap Seal. The vertical distance between the crown weir and
details.) the top dip of the trap.
Subsoil Drain. A drain that collects subsurface or seepage Crown Weir (Trap Weir). The lowest point in the
water and conveys it to a place of disposal. cross-section of the horizontal waterway at the exit of the
Subsoil Irrigation Field. Gray water irrigation field trap.
installed in a trench within the layer of soil below the topsoil. Top Dip (of the trap). The highest point in the internal
This system is typically used for irrigation of deep rooted cross-section of the trap at the lowest part of the bend
plants. (inverted siphon). By contrast, the bottom dip is the low-
Subsurface Irrigation Field. Gray water irrigation field est point in the internal cross-section.
installed below finished grade within the topsoil. Treated Gray Water [BSC-CG & HCD 1]. Nonpotable
Sump. An approved tank or pit that receives sewage or liq- water meeting the definition of “gray water” collected and
uid waste and which is located below the normal grade of the treated on-site suitable for direct beneficial use.
gravity system and which must be emptied by mechanical
means. 223.0 –U–
Supports. Supports, hangers, and anchors are devices for Unsanitary. See Insanitary.
properly supporting and securing pipe, fixtures, and equip-
ment. UPC [HCD 1]. “UPC” is the latest edition of the Uniform
Plumbing Code, published by the International Association
Surge Tank. A reservoir to modify the fluctuation in flow
of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials.
rates to allow for uniform distribution of gray water to the
points of irrigation. User Outlet. See Station Outlet.

222.0 –T – 224.0 –V –
T Rating. The time period that the penetration firestop sys- Vacuum. A pressure less than that exerted by the atmos-
tem, including the penetrating item, limits the maximum tem- phere.
perature rise of 325°F (181°C) above its initial temperature Vacuum Breaker. See Backflow Preventer.
through the penetration on the nonfire side, where tested in Vacuum Relief Valve. A device that prevents excessive
accordance with ASTM E814 or UL 1479. vacuum in a pressure vessel.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 43

DEFINITIONS

Vacuum System-Level 1. A system consisting of central Vertical Pipe. A pipe or fitting that is installed in a vertical
vacuum-producing equipment with pressure and operating position or that makes an angle of not more than 45 degrees
controls, shutoff valves, alarm warning systems, gauges, and (0.79 rad) with the vertical.
a network of piping extending to and terminating with suit-
able station inlets at locations where patient suction could be 225.0 –W –
required.
Wall-Hung Water Closet. A water closet installed in such
Valve, Isolation. A valve that isolates one piece of equip- a way that no part of the water closet touches the floor.
ment from another.
Waste. See Liquid Waste and Industrial Waste.
Valve, Pressure-Relief. A pressure-actuated valve held
Waste Pipe. A pipe that conveys only liquid waste, free of
closed by a spring or other means and designed automatically
fecal matter.
to relieve pressure in excess of its setting.
Water Closet [HCD 1]. “Water Closet” is a plumbing fix-
Valve, Riser. A valve at the base of a vertical riser that iso- ture (which may be used for both solids and liquids) in which
lates that riser. the waste matter is removed by flushing with water.
Valve, Service. A valve is serving horizontal piping extend- Water-Conditioning or Treating Device. A device that
ing from a riser to a station outlet or inlet. conditions or treats a water supply to change its chemical con-
Valve, Source. A single valve at the source that controls a tent or remove suspended solids by filtration.
number of units that makes up the source. Water Distribution Pipe. In a building or premises, a pipe
Valve, Zone. A valve that controls the gas or vacuum to a that conveys potable water from the building supply pipe to
particular area. the plumbing fixtures and other water outlets.
Vent. See Plumbing Vent; Dry Vent; Wet Vent. Water Hammer Arrester. A device designed to provide
Vent Connector, Gas. That portion of a gas venting system protection against hydraulic shock in the building water sup-
that connects a listed gas appliance to a gas vent and is ply system.
installed within the space or area in which the appliance is Water Heater or Hot Water Heating Boiler. An appli-
located. ance designed primarily to supply hot water for domestic or
commercial purposes and equipped with automatic controls
Vent Offset. An arrangement of two or more fittings and
limiting water temperature to a maximum of 210°F (99°C).
pipe installed for the purpose of locating a vertical section of
vent pipe in a different but parallel plane with respect to an Water Main (Street Main). A water supply pipe for public
adjacent section of vertical vent pipe. [NFPA 54:3.3.102] or community use.
Vent Pipe. See Plumbing Vent. Water Supply System. The building supply pipe, the water
distribution pipes, and the necessary connecting pipes, fit-
Vent Stack. The vertical vent pipe installed primarily for tings, control valves, backflow prevention devices, and all
the purpose of providing circulation of air to and from any appurtenances carrying or supplying potable water in or adja-
part of the drainage system. cent to the building or premises.
Vent System. See Plumbing Vent System. Water/Wastewater Utility. A public or private entity which
Vented Flow Control Device. A device installed upstream may treat, deliver or do both functions to reclaimed (recy-
from the hydromechanical grease interceptor having an ori- cled) water, potable water, or both to wholesale or retail cus-
fice that controls the rate of flow through the interceptor, and tomers.
an air intake (vent) downstream from the orifice, which Welder, Pipe. A person who specializes in the welding of
allows air to be drawn into the flow stream. pipes and holds a valid certificate of competency from a rec-
Venting System. A continuous open passageway from the ognized testing laboratory, based on the requirements of the
flue collar or draft hood of an appliance to the outdoors for the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessels code, Section IX.
purpose of removing flue or vent gases. [NFPA 54:3.3.95.7] Wet Procedure Locations. The area in a patient care
Vent, Gas. A listed factory-made vent pipe and vent fit- space where a procedure is performed that is normally subject
tings for conveying flue gases to the outdoors. to wet conditions while patients are present, including stand-
ing fluids on the floor or drenching of the work area, either of
Type B Gas Vent. A factory-made gas vent listed by a
which condition is intimate to the patient or staff. [NFPA
nationally recognized testing agency for venting listed or
99:3.3.183]
approved appliances equipped to burn only gas.
Wet Vent. A vent that also serves as a drain.
Type BW Gas Vent. A factory-made gas vent listed by
a nationally recognized testing agency for venting listed or Whirlpool Bathtub. A bathtub fixture equipped and fitted
approved gas-fired vented wall furnaces. with a circulating piping system designed to accept, circulate,
and discharge bathtub water upon each use.
Type L Gas Vent. A venting system consisting of listed
vent piping and fittings for use with oil-burning appli-
ances listed for use with Type L or with listed gas appli- 226.0 –X–
ances. No definitions.

44 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

DEFINITIONS

227.0 –Y –
Yoke Vent. A pipe connecting upward from soil or waste
stack to a vent stack to prevent pressure changes in the stacks.

228.0 –Z–
No definitions.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 45

46 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
CHAPTER 3 - GENERAL REGULATIONS
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter X

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections X X X X X X X X X X X
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
that are listed below
Chapter/Section
301.3 X
301.3.1 † †
301.3.1.1 † †
301.3.1.2 † †
301.4.1 X X X X
301.6 X
301.7 X
303.1 Exception X
304.1 Exception X
309.5 X X
310.9 X X X X X
310.10 X X X X
310.11 X
310.12 X X X X
310.13 X X X
311.1 Note X X
312.2 X X X X
312.7 X X X X X
312.11 X X X X
313.8 X X X X X
319.0 X X X X X
321.0 X X X X X
322.0 X X X X
323.0 X X X X X
This state agency does not adopt sections identified with the following symbol: †
The Office of the State Fire Marshal’s adoption of this chapter or individual sections is applicable to structures regulated by other state agencies pursuant to
Section 1.11.0.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 47

48 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
CHAPTER 3
GENERAL REGULATIONS

301.0 General. 301.2.3 Plastic Pipe, Plastic Pipe Fittings, and

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 55

56 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
CHAPTER 4 - PLUMBING FIXTURES AND FIXTURE FITTINGS
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter X

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections X X X X X X X X X X X X X
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
X X X X
that are listed below
Chapter/Section
Note Under Title X
401.3 X X X X X X X X X
403.1 X
403.2 X
403.3 X
407.2 X
407.2.1 X
407.2.2 X
407.2.3 X X
407.2.4 X
407.2.4.1 X X X
408.2 X
408.2.1 X X X
408.2.2 X X X
408.5 X X X X
408.6 & Exception 1 X X
411.2 X X X X
411.2.2 X X
411.2.2.1 X X X X
411.2.3 X X
411.2.4 X X X X
412.1 X X X X
412.1.1 X X X
412.1.2 X X X
412.1.3 X X X X X
412.1.4.1 X
413.2 X X X X X
415.1 X
417.1.1 X X X
417.1.2 X X X
420.2.1 X X X
420.2.2 X
420.3.1 X X X X
422.1 X X X X X X X X

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 57

CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
CHAPTER 4 - PLUMBING FIXTURES AND FIXTURE FITTINGS (continued)
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter X

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections X X X X X X X X X X X X X
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
X X X X
that are listed below
Chapter/Section
422.1 Exception X X X
Table 422.1 X X X X X X X X X X X X
422.1.2 X
422.1.3 X X X X X
422.2 † †
422.2 Exceptions † † † † †
422.3.1 & Exception X X X X X
422.4 † † † † † † †
422.5 † †
422.6 X
422.7 X
422.8 X

> 422.9
Table 4-1
Table 4-2
X X X
X X X X X
X

Table 4-3 X
Table 4-4 X
This state agency does not adopt sections identified with the following symbol: †
The Office of the State Fire Marshal’s adoption of this chapter or individual sections is applicable to structures regulated by other state agencies pursuant to
Section 1.11.0.

58 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

CHAPTER 4
PLUMBING FIXTURES AND FIXTURE FITTINGS
Note: In addition to the requirements of this chapter, buildings or facilities where accessibility is required for applications listed in
California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 2 (California Building Code), Chapter 1, Section 1.9.1 regulated by the Division of
the State Architect–Access Compliance shall also comply with Title 24, Part 2 , Chapter 11A or 11B, as applicable under authority
cited by CA Government Code Section 4450 and in reference cited by CA Government Code Sections 4450 through 4461, 12955.1(c),
and CA Health and Safety Code Sections 18949.1, 19952 through 19959.

401.0 General. 402.2 Joints. Where a fixture comes in contact with the wall
401.1 Applicability. This chapter shall govern the materials or floor, the joint between the fixture and the wall or floor
and installation of plumbing fixtures, including faucets and shall be made watertight.
fixture fittings, and the minimum number of plumbing fix- 402.3 Securing Fixtures. Floor-outlet or floor-mounted
tures required based on occupancy. fixtures shall be rigidly secured to the drainage connection and
401.2 Quality of Fixtures. Plumbing fixtures shall be con- to the floor, where so designed, by screws or bolts of copper,
structed of dense, durable, non-absorbent materials and shall copper alloy, or other equally corrosion-resistant material.
have smooth, impervious surfaces, free from unnecessary 402.4 Wall-Hung Fixtures. Wall-hung fixtures shall be
concealed fouling surfaces. rigidly supported by metal supporting members so that no
401.3 Water-Conserving Fixtures and Fittings. strain is transmitted to the connections. Floor-affixed supports
Note 1: [BSC, DSA-SS & DSA-SS/CC] Flow rates for for off-the-floor plumbing fixtures for public use shall comply
specified plumbing fixtures for mandatory nonresidential con- with ASME A112.6.1M. Framing-affixed supports for off-the-
struction are contained in Chapter 5, Division 5.3 of the Cal- floor water closets with concealed tanks shall comply with
ifornia Green Building Standards Code (Part 11, Title 24, ASME A112.6.2. Flush tanks and similar appurtenances shall
California Code of Regulations - CALGreen). Scoping provi- be secured by approved non-corrosive screws or bolts.
sions applicable to nonresidential additions and alterations
402.5 Setting. Fixtures shall be set level and in proper align-
are contained in Section 301.3 of CALGreen.
ment with reference to adjacent walls. No water closet or
Note 2: [BSC] On and after January 1, 2014, certain com- bidet shall be set closer than 15 inches (381 mm) from its cen-
mercial real property, as defined in Civil Code Section 1101.3, ter to a side wall or obstruction or closer than 30 inches (762
shall have its noncompliant plumbing fixtures replaced with mm) center to center to a similar fixture. The clear space in
appropriate water-conserving plumbing fixtures under spe- front of a water closet, lavatory, or bidet shall be not less than
cific circumstances. See Civil Code Section 1101.1 et seq. for 24 inches (610 mm). No urinal shall be set closer than 12
definitions, types of commercial real property affected, effec-
inches (305 mm) from its center to a side wall or partition or
tive dates, circumstances necessitating replacement of non-
closer than 24 inches (610 mm) center to center.
compliant plumbing fixtures, and duties and responsibilities
for ensuring compliance. Exception: The installation of paper dispensers or accessi-
[HCD-1] All noncompliant plumbing fixtures in any residen- bility grab bars shall not be considered obstructions.
tial real property shall be replaced with water-conserving 402.6 Flanged Fixture Connections. Fixture connec-
plumbing fixtures. Plumbing fixture replacement is required tions between drainage pipes and water closets, floor outlet
prior to issuance of a certificate of final completion, certificate service sinks and urinals shall be made using an approved
of occupancy, or final permit approval by the local building copper alloy, hard lead, ABS, PVC, or iron flanges caulked,
department. See Civil Code Section 1101.1, et seq., for the def- soldered, solvent cemented; rubber compression gaskets; or
inition of a noncompliant plumbing fixture, types of residential screwed to the drainage pipe. The connection shall be bolted
buildings affected and other important enactment dates. with an approved gasket, washer, or setting compound
Note 3: [OSHPD 1, 2, 3 & 4] Also refer to Title 20, Cali- between the fixture and the connection. The bottom of the
fornia Code of Regulations, Division 2, Chapter 4, Article 4, flange shall be set on an approved firm base.
Section 1605.3 (i). Wall-mounted water closet fixtures shall be securely
Note 4: [CEC] Appliance Efficiency Regulations – bolted to an approved carrier fitting. The connecting pipe
Water Efficiency. Where California law in Title 20 Sections between the carrier fitting and the fixture shall be an approved
1601 et seq. applying to water-using appliances sold or material and designed to accommodate an adequately sized
offered for sale within the state specifies a lower maximum gasket. Gasket material shall be neoprene, felt, or similar
flow rate than specified in Section 407.2, 408.2, or 411.2, the approved types.
lower maximum flow rate shall be required.
402.6.1 Closet Rings (Closet Flanges). Closet
rings (closet flanges) for water closets or similar fixtures
402.0 Installation. shall be of an approved type and shall be copper alloy,
402.1 Cleaning. Plumbing fixtures shall be installed in a copper, hard lead, cast-iron, galvanized malleable iron,
manner to afford easy access for repairs and cleaning. Pipes ABS, PVC, or other approved materials. Each such closet
from fixtures shall be run to the nearest wall. ring (closet flange) shall be approximately 7 inches (178

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 59

PLUMBING FIXTURES AND FIXTURE FITTINGS

mm) in diameter and, where installed, shall, together minated with a plugged fitting or fittings. Where the plugged
with the soil pipe, present a 11⁄2 inch (38 mm) wide flange fitting is at the point where the trap of a fixture is installed, the
or face to receive the fixture gasket or closet seal. plumbing system for such fixture shall be complete and be in
Caulked-on closet rings (closet flanges) shall be not accordance with the plumbing requirements of this code.
less than 1⁄4 of an inch (6.4 mm) thick and not less than 2
inches (51 mm) in overall depth. 403.0 Accessible Plumbing Facilities.
Closet rings (closet flanges) shall be burned or sol- 403.1 General. Where accessible facilities are required in
dered to lead bends or stubs, shall be caulked to cast-iron applicable building regulations, the facilities shall be installed
soil pipe, shall be solvent cemented to ABS and PVC, in accordance with those regulations. [HCD 1-AC] For spe-
and shall be screwed or fastened in an approved manner cific requirements regarding accommodations for persons with
to other materials. disabilities, see Chapter 11A of the California Building Code.
Closet bends or stubs shall be cut-off to present a 403.2 Fixtures and Fixture Fittings for Persons with
smooth surface even with the top of the closet ring before Disabilities. Plumbing fixtures and fixture fittings for per-
the rough inspection is called. sons with disabilities shall be in accordance with ICC A117.1
Closet rings (closet flanges) shall be adequately and the applicable standards referenced in Chapter 4. [HCD
designed and secured to support fixtures connected 1-AC] Specific requirements regarding accommodations for
thereto. persons with disabilities are contained in Chapter 11A of the
402.6.2 Securing Closet Flanges. Closet screws, California Building Code.
bolts, washers, and similar fasteners shall be of copper 403.3 Exposed Pipes and Surfaces. Water supply and
alloy, copper, or other listed equally corrosion-resistant drain pipes under accessible lavatories and sinks shall be insu-
materials. Screws and bolts shall be of a size and number lated or otherwise be configured to protect against contact.
to properly support the fixture installed. Protectors, insulators, or both shall comply with ASME
402.6.3 Securing Floor-Mounted, Back-Outlet A112.18.9 or ASTM C1822. [HCD 1-AC] Specific require-
Water Closet Bowls. Floor-mounted, back-outlet ments regarding accommodations for persons with disabili-
ties are contained in Chapter 11A of the California Building
water closet bowls shall be set level with an angle of 90
Code.
degrees (1.57 rad) between the floor and wall at the cen-
terline of the fixture outlet. The floor and wall shall have
a flat mounting surface not less than 5 inches (127 mm) 404.0 Waste Fittings and Overflows.
to the right and left of the fixture outlet centerline. The 404.1 Waste Fittings. Waste fittings shall comply with
fixture shall be secured to the wall outlet flange or ASME A112.18.2/CSA B125.2, ASTM F409 or Table 701.2
drainage connection and the floor by corrosion-resistant for aboveground drainage piping and fittings.
screws or bolts. The closet flange shall be secured to a
404.2 Overflows. Where a fixture is provided with an over-
firm base.
flow, the waste shall be so arranged that the standing water in
Where floor-mounted, back-outlet water closets are the fixture shall not rise in the overflow where the stopper is
used, the soil pipe shall be not less than 3 inches (80 mm) closed or remain in the overflow where the fixture is empty.
in diameter. Offset, eccentric, or reducing closet flanges The overflow pipe from a fixture shall be connected to the
shall not be used. house or inlet side of the fixture trap, except that overflow on
402.7 Supply Fittings. The supply lines and fittings for flush tanks shall be permitted to discharge into the water clos-
every plumbing fixture shall be so installed as to prevent ets or urinals served by them, but it shall be unlawful to con-
backflow in accordance with Chapter 6. nect such overflows with any other part of the drainage system.
402.8 Installation. Fixtures shall be installed in accordance
with the manufacturer’s installation instructions. 405.0 Prohibited Fixtures.
402.9 Design and Installation of Plumbing Fixtures. 405.1 Prohibited Water Closets. Water closets having an
Plumbing fixtures shall be installed in accordance with the invisible seal or an unventilated space or having walls which
manufacturer’s installation instructions. The means of back- are not thoroughly washed at each discharge shall be prohib-
flow prevention shall not be compromised by the designated ited. A water closet that might permit siphonage of the con-
fixture fitting mounting surface. tents of the bowl back into the tank shall be prohibited.
402.10 Slip Joint Connections. Fixtures having con- 405.2 Prohibited Urinals. Trough urinals and urinals with
cealed slip joint connections shall be provided with an access an invisible seal shall be prohibited.
panel or utility space not less than 12 inches (305 mm) in its 405.3 Miscellaneous Fixtures. Fixed wooden, or tile
least dimension and so arranged without obstructions as to wash trays or sinks for domestic use shall not be installed in
make such connections accessible for inspection and repair. a building designed or used for human habitation. No sheet
402.11 Future Fixtures. Where provisions are made for the metal-lined wooden bathtub shall be installed or reconnected.
future installation of fixtures, those provided for shall be con- No dry or chemical closet (toilet) shall be installed in a build-
sidered in determining the required sizes of the drain and water ing used for human habitation unless first approved by the
supply piping. Construction for future installations shall be ter- Health Officer.

60 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

PLUMBING FIXTURES AND FIXTURE FITTINGS

406.0 Special Fixtures and Specialties. 407.2.4 Metering Faucets. Metered faucets shall
406.1 Water and Waste Connections. Baptisteries, orna- deliver a maximum of 0.2 gallons (0.76 L) per metering
mental and lily ponds, aquaria, ornamental fountain basins, cycle.
and similar fixtures and specialties requiring water, waste 407.2.4.1 Metering Faucets [BSC-CG, DSA-SS
connections, or both shall be submitted for approval to the & DSA-SS/CC]. Metering Faucets shall not deliver
Authority Having Jurisdiction prior to installation. more than 0.20 gallons (0.76 L) per cycle in com-
406.2 Special Use Sinks. Restaurant kitchen and other pliance with Chapter 5, Division 5.3 of the Califor-
special use sinks shall be permitted to be made of approved- nia Green Building Standards Code (CALGreen).
type bonderized and galvanized sheet steel of not less than 407.3 Limitation of Hot Water Temperature for Public
No. 16 U.S. gauge (0.0635 inches) (1.6 mm). Sheet-metal Lavatories. Hot water delivered from public-use lavatories
plumbing fixtures shall be adequately designed, constructed, shall be limited to a maximum temperature of 120°F (49°C).
and braced in an approved manner to accomplish their The maximum temperature shall be regulated by one of the
intended purpose. following means:
406.3 Special Use Fixtures. Special use fixtures shall be (1) A limiting device conforming to either ASSE
made of one of the following: 1070/ASME A112.1070/CSA B125.70, or
(1) Soapstone (2) A water heater conforming to ASSE 1084.
(2) Chemical stoneware 407.4 Transient Public Lavatories. Self-closing or meter-
ing faucets shall be installed on lavatories intended to serve the
(3) Copper-based alloy transient public, such as those in, but not limited to service sta-
(4) Nickel-based alloy tions, train stations, airports, restaurants, and convention halls.
(5) Corrosion-resistant steel 407.5 Waste Outlet. Lavatories shall have a waste outlet
(6) Other materials suited for the intended use of the fixture and fixture tailpiece not less than 11⁄4 inches (32 mm) in diam-
eter. Continuous wastes and fixture tailpieces shall be con-
406.4 Zinc Alloy Components. Zinc alloy components structed from the materials specified in Section 701.4. Waste
shall comply with applicable nationally recognized standards outlets shall be provided with an approved stopper or strainer.
and shall be used in accordance with their listing.
407.6 Overflow. Where overflows are provided, they shall
be installed in accordance with Section 404.2.
407.0 Lavatories.
407.1 Application. Lavatories shall comply with ASME 408.0 Showers.
A112.19.1/CSA B45.2, ASME A112.19.2/CSA B45.1,
408.1 Application. Manufactured shower receptors and
ASME A112.19.3/CSA B45.4, ASME A112.19.12, CSA shower bases shall comply with ASME A112.19.1/CSA B45.2,
B45.5/IAPMO Z124, CSA B45.8/IAPMO Z403, CSA ASME A112.19.2/CSA B45.1, ASME A112.19.3/CSAB45.4,
B45.11/IAPMO Z401 or CSA B45.12/IAPMO Z402. Group CSA B45.12/IAPMO Z402, or CSA B45.5/IAPMO Z124. Pre-
wash fixtures shall comply with the requirements of Section fabricated shower enclosures shall comply with IAPMO IGC
401.2. Every 20 inches (508 mm) of rim space of a group wash 154.
fixture shall be considered as one lavatory for determining the
408.2 Water Consumption. Showerheads shall have a
number of lavatories required in accordance with Table 422.1. maximum flow rate of not more than 1.8 gpm at 80 psi (6.81
Lavatory assemblies with automatic soap dispensers, faucets, L/m at 552 kPa). [HCD 1] Residential showerheads shall
or hand dryers shall comply with IAPMO IGC 127. comply with Division 4.3 of the California Green Building
407.2 Water Consumption. The maximum water flow rate Standards Code (CALGreen).
of faucets shall comply with Section 407.2.1 through Section 408.2.1 Single Showerhead [BSC-CG, DSA-SS &
407.2.4. DSA-SS/CC]. Showerheads shall have a maximum flow
407.2.1 Public Lavatory Faucets. The maximum rate of not more than 1.8 gallons (6.81 L) per minute at
flow rate for public lavatory faucets shall not exceed 0.5 80 psi. Showerheads shall be certified to the perform-
gpm at 60 psi (1.9 L/m at 414 kPa). ance criteria of the U.S. EPA WaterSense Specification
for Showerheads in compliance with Chapter 5, Division
407.2.2 Residential Lavatory Faucets [HCD 1]. The
5.3. of the California Green Building Standards Code
maximum flow rate of residential lavatory faucets shall (CALGreen).
not exceed 1.2 gallons (4.54 L) per minute at 60 psi. The
minimum flow rate of residential lavatory faucets shall 408.2.2 Multiple Showerheads Serving One
not be less than 0.8 gallons (3.03 L) per minute at 20 psi. Shower [BSC-CG, DSA-SS & DSA-SS/CC]. When a
shower is served by more than one showerhead, the com-
407.2.3 Lavatory Faucets in Common and Public bined flow rate of all showerheads and/or other shower
Use Areas [HCD 1 & HCD 2]. The maximum flow rate outlets controlled by a single valve shall not exceed 1.8 gal-
of lavatory faucets, installed in common and public use lons (6.81 L) per minute at 80 psi, or the shower shall be
areas (outside of dwellings or sleeping units) in residen- designed to allow only one shower outlet to be in operation
tial buildings, shall not exceed 0.5 gallons (1.89 L) per at a time in compliance with Chapter 5, Division 5.3 of the
minute at 60 psi. California Green Building Standards Code (CALGreen).

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 61

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Note: A hand-held shower shall be considered a show- formly from the sides towards the drain not less than 1⁄8 inch
erhead. per foot (10.4 mm/m), nor more than 1⁄2 inch per foot (41.6
408.3 Individual Shower and Tub-Shower Combina- mm/m).
tion Control Valves. Showers and tub-shower combinations Thresholds shall be of sufficient width to accommodate
shall be provided with individual control valves of the pressure a minimum 22 inch (559 mm) door. Shower doors shall open
balance, thermostatic, or combination pressure balance/ther- so as to maintain not less than a 22 inch (559 mm) unob-
mostatic mixing valve type that provide scald and thermal structed opening for egress. Where there is a shower without
shock protection for the rated flow rate of the installed show- a threshold, the floor space within the same room shall be
erhead. These valves shall be installed at the point of use and considered a wet location and shall comply with the require-
comply with ASSE 1016/ASME A112.1016/CSA B125.16 or ments of the California Building Code, California Residential
ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1. Code, and California Electrical Code.
408.3.1 Gang Showers. Where gang showers are sup- Exceptions:
plied with a single temperature-controlled water supply (1) Showers in accordance with Section 403.2.
pipe, it shall be controlled by a mixing valve that com-
(2) A cast-iron shower receptor flange shall be not less than
plies with ASSE 1069.
0.3 of an inch (7.62 mm) in height.
408.3.2 Temperature Limiting. The maximum water
(3) For flanges not used as a means of securing, the sealing
temperature discharging from an individual showerhead
flange shall be not less than 0.3 of an inch (7.62 mm) in
shall be limited to 120°F (49°C) by one of the following
height.
methods:
408.6 Shower Compartments. Shower compartments,
(1) A shower or tub/shower combination valve con-
regardless of shape, shall have a minimum finished interior of
forming to ASSE 1016/ASME A112.1016/CSA
1024 square inches (0.6606 m2) and shall also be capable of
B125.16 where either:
encompassing a 30 inch (762 mm) circle. The minimum
(a) The valve is field-adjusted to the required max- required area and dimensions shall be measured at a height
imum temperature, or equal to the top of the threshold and a point tangent to its cen-
(b) The handle position, stop, or temperature limit- terline. The area and dimensions shall be maintained to a
ing control is set in accordance with the manu- point of not less than 70 inches (1778 mm) above the shower
facturer's instructions to the required maximum drain outlet with no protrusions other than the fixture valve or
temperature. valves, showerheads, soap dishes, shelves, and safety grab
(2) For gang showers supplied by a single water supply bars, or rails. Fold-down seats in accessible shower stalls shall
pipe, a mixing valve that conforms to ASSE 1069 be permitted to protrude into the 30 inch (762 mm) circle.
that is field-adjusted to the required maximum tem- Exceptions:
perature. (1) Showers that are designed to be in accordance with
(3) A limiting device conforming to either ASSE Chapter 11A of the California Building Code.
1070/ASME A112.1070/CSA B125.70 or CSA (2) The minimum required area and dimension shall not
B125.3. apply for a shower receptor having overall dimensions
(4) A water heater conforming to ASSE 1084. of not less than 30 inches (762 mm) in width and 60
(5) A temperature actuated flow reduction device con- inches (1524 mm) in length.
forming to ASSE 1062. 408.7 Lining for Showers and Receptors. Shower
408.4 Waste Outlet. Showers shall have a waste outlet and receptors built on-site shall be watertight and shall be con-
fixture tailpiece not less than 2 inches (50 mm) in diameter. structed from approved-type dense, nonabsorbent, and non-
Fixture tailpieces shall be constructed from the materials corrosive materials. Each such receptor shall be adequately
specified in Section 701.2 for drainage piping. Strainers serv- reinforced, shall be provided with an approved flanged floor
ing shower drains shall have a waterway at least equivalent to drain designed to make a watertight joint on the floor, and
the area of the tailpiece. shall have smooth, impervious, and durable surfaces.
408.5 Finished Curb or Threshold. Where a shower Shower receptors shall have the subfloor and rough side
receptor has a finished dam, curb, or threshold, it shall be not of walls to a height of not less than 3 inches (76 mm) above
less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) lower than the sides and back of the top of the finished dam or threshold shall be first lined
such receptor. In no case, shall a dam or threshold be less than with sheet plastic, lead, or copper, or shall be lined with other
2 inches (51 mm) or exceeding 9 inches (229 mm) in depth durable and watertight materials. Showers that are provided
where measured from the top of the dam or threshold to the with a built in place, permanent seat or seating area that is
top of the drain. Each such receptor shall be provided with an located within the shower enclosure, shall be first lined with
integral nailing flange to be located where the receptor meets sheet plastic, lead, copper, or shall be lined with other durable
the vertical surface of the finished interior of the shower com- and watertight materials that extend not less than 3 inches (76
partment. The flange shall be watertight and extend vertically mm) above horizontal surfaces of the seat or the seating area.
not less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) above the top of the sides of Lining materials shall be pitched 1⁄4 inch per foot (20.8
the receptor. The finished floor of the receptor shall slope uni- mm/m) to weep holes in the subdrain of a smooth and solidly

62 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

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formed subbase. Such lining materials shall extend upward on necting drain, by 15 pound (6.8 kg) asphalt felt or an
the rough jambs of the shower opening to a point not less than equivalent. Sheet copper shall be joined by brazing or
3 inches (76 mm) above the horizontal surfaces of the seat or soldering.
the seating area, the top of the finished dam or threshold and 408.7.5 Tests for Shower Receptors. Shower recep-
shall extend outward over the top of the permanent seat, per- tors shall be tested for watertightness by filling with
manent seating area, or rough threshold and be turned over water to the level of the rough threshold. The test plug
and fastened on the outside face of both the permanent seat, shall be so placed that both upper and under sides of the
permanent seating area, or rough threshold and the jambs. subpan shall be subjected to the test at the point where it
Nonmetallic shower subpans or linings shall be permitted is clamped to the drain.
to be built up on the job site of not less than three layers of stan- 408.8 Public Shower Floors. Floors of public shower
dard grade 15 pound (6.8 kg) asphalt impregnated roofing felt. rooms shall have a nonskid surface and shall be drained in such
The bottom layer shall be fitted to the formed subbase and each a manner that wastewater from one bather shall not pass over
succeeding layer thoroughly hot-mopped to that below. Cor- areas occupied by other bathers. Gutters in public or gang
ners shall be carefully fitted and shall be made strong and shower rooms shall have rounded corners for easy cleaning and
watertight by folding or lapping, and each corner shall be rein- shall be sloped not less than 2 percent toward drains. Drains in
forced with suitable webbing hot-mopped in place. gutters shall be spaced at a maximum of 8 feet (2438 mm) from
Folds, laps, and reinforcing webbing shall extend not less sidewalls nor more than 16 feet (4877 mm) apart.
than 4 inches (102 mm) in all directions from the corner, and 408.9 Location of Valves and Heads. Control valves and
webbing shall be of approved type and mesh, producing a ten- showerheads shall be located on the sidewall of shower com-
sile strength of not less than 50 pounds per square foot (lb/ft2) partments or otherwise arranged so that the showerhead does
(244 kg/m2) in either direction. Nonmetallic shower subpans not discharge directly at the entrance to the compartment so
or linings shall be permitted to consist of multilayers of other that the bather can adjust the valves before stepping into the
approved equivalent materials suitably reinforced and care- shower spray.
fully fitted in place on the job site as elsewhere required in 408.10 Water Supply Riser. A water supply riser from the
this section. shower valve to the showerhead outlet, whether exposed or
Linings shall be properly recessed and fastened to the not, shall be securely attached to the structure.
approved backing so as not to occupy the space required for
the wall covering, and shall not be nailed or perforated at a
409.0 Bathtubs and Whirlpool Bathtubs.
point that is less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) above the finished
dam or threshold. An approved type subdrain shall be 409.1 Application. Bathtubs shall comply with ASME
installed with a shower subpan or lining. Each such subdrain A112.19.1/CSA B45.2, ASME A112.19.2/CSA B45.1,
shall be of the type that sets flush with the subbase and shall ASME A112.19.3/CSA B45.4, CSA B45.5/IAPMO Z124, or
be equipped with a clamping ring or other device to make a CSA B45.12/IAPMO Z402. Whirlpool bathtubs shall com-
tight connection between the lining and the drain. The ply with ASME A112.19.7/CSA B45.10. Pressure sealed
subdrain shall have weep holes into the waste line. The weep doors within a bathtub or whirlpool bathtub enclosure shall
holes located in the subdrain clamping ring shall be protected comply with ASME A112.19.15.
from clogging. 409.2 Waste Outlet. Bathtubs and whirlpool bathtubs shall
have a waste outlet and fixture tailpiece not less than 11⁄2
408.7.1 PVC Sheets. Plasticized polyvinyl chloride
inches (40 mm) in diameter. Fixture tailpieces shall be con-
(PVC) sheets shall conform to ASTM D4551. Sheets
structed from the materials specified in Section 701.2 for
shall be joined by solvent cementing in accordance with
drainage piping. Waste outlets shall be provided with an
the manufacturer’s installation instructions.
approved stopper or strainer.
408.7.2 Chlorinated Polyethylene (CPE) Sheets.
409.3 Overflow. Where overflows are provided, they shall
Nonplasticized chlorinated polyethylene sheets shall
be installed in accordance with Section 404.2.
conform to ASTM D4068. The liner shall be joined in
accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instruc- 409.4 Limitation of Hot Water Temperature in Bath-
tions. tubs and Whirlpool Bathtubs. The maximum hot water
temperature discharging from the bathtub and whirlpool bath-
408.7.3 Sheet Lead. Sheet lead shall weigh not less
tub filler shall be limited to 120°F (49°C). The maximum
than 4 lb/ft2 (19.5 kg/m2) and shall be coated with an
temperature shall be regulated by one of the following means:
asphalt paint or other approved coating. The lead sheet
shall be insulated from conducting substances, other than (1) A limiting device conforming to either ASSE
the connecting drain, by 15 pound (6.8 kg) asphalt felt 1070/ASME A112.1070/CSA B125.70 or CSA B125.3.
or an equivalent. Sheet lead shall be joined by burning. (2) A water heater conforming to ASSE 1084.
408.7.4 Sheet Copper. Sheet copper shall comply with 409.5 Backflow Protection. The water supply to a bathtub
ASTM B152 and shall weigh not less than 12 ounces per and whirlpool bathtub filler valve shall be protected by an air
square foot (oz/ft2) (3.7 kg/m2) or No. 24 B & S Gauge gap or in accordance with Section 417.0.
(0.02 inches) (0.51 mm). The copper sheet shall be insu- 409.6 Installation and Access. Bathtubs and whirlpool
lated from conducting substances, other than the con- bathtubs shall be installed in accordance with the manufac-

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 63

PLUMBING FIXTURES AND FIXTURE FITTINGS

turer’s installation instructions. Access openings shall be of a a maximum flush volume of 1.28 gallons (4.8 L) per
size and opening to permit the removal and replacement of flush in accordance with ASME A112.19.2/CSA
the circulation pump. B45.1.
Whirlpool pump access located in the crawl space shall 411.2.3 Performance [HCD 1 & HCD 2]. Water clos-
be located not more than 20 feet (6096 mm) from an access ets installed in residential occupancies shall meet or
door, trap door, or crawl hole. exceed the minimum performance criteria developed for
The circulation pump shall be located above the crown certification of high-efficiency toilets under the
weir of the trap. WaterSense program sponsored by the U.S. Environ-
The pump and the circulation piping shall be self-drain- mental Protection Agency (EPA).
ing to minimize water retention. Suction fittings on whirlpool 411.2.4 Water Closets [BSC-CG, DSA-SS & DSA-
bathtubs shall comply with ASME A112.19.7/CSA B45.10. SS/CC]. The effective flush volume of all water closets
409.6.1 Flexible PVC Hoses and Tubing. Flexible shall not exceed 1.28 gallons (4.8 L) per flush. Tank-type
PVC hoses and tubing intended to be used on whirlpool water closets shall be certified to the performance crite-
bathtub water circulation systems or pneumatic systems ria of the U.S. EPA WaterSense Specification for Tank-
shall comply with IAPMO Z1033. Type Toilets in compliance with Chapter 5, Division 5.3.
of the California Green Building Standards Code (CAL-
Green).
410.0 Bidets.
411.3 Water Closet Seats. Water closet seats shall be prop-
410.1 Application. Bidets shall comply with ASME erly sized for the water closet bowl type, and shall be of
A112.19.2/CSA B45.1 or ASME A112.19.3/CSA B45.4. smooth, non-absorbent material. Seats, for public use, shall be
410.2 Backflow Protection. The water supply to the bidet of the elongated type and either of the open front type or have
shall be protected by an air gap or in accordance with Sec- an automatic seat cover dispenser. Plastic seats shall comply
tion 603.3.2, Section 603.3.5, or Section 603.3.6. with IAPMO Z124.5.
410.3 Limitation of Water Temperature in Bidets. The 411.4 Personal Hygiene Devices. Water closets with
maximum hot water temperature discharging from a bidet integral personal hygiene devices shall comply with ASME
shall be limited to 110°F (43°C). The maximum temperature A112.4.2/CSA B45.16.
shall be regulated by one of the following means:
(1) A limiting device conforming to either ASSE
412.0 Urinals.
1070/ASME A112.1070/CSA B125.70 or CSA B125.3.
412.1 Application. Urinals shall comply with ASME
(2) A water heater conforming to ASSE 1084.
A112.19.2/CSA B45.1, ASME A112.19.19, or CSA
B45.5/IAPMO Z124. Wall-mounted urinals shall have an
411.0 Water Closets. average water consumption not to exceed 0.125 gallons (0.47
411.1 Application. Water closets shall comply with ASME L) per flush. Other urinals shall have an average water con-
A112.19.2/CSA B45.1, ASME A112.19.3/CSA B45.4, or sumption not to exceed 0.5 gallons (1.89 L) per flush.
CSA B45.5/IAPMO Z124. Water closet bowls for public use 412.1.1 Wall-Mounted Urinals [BSC-CG, DSA-SS
shall be of the elongated type. In nurseries, schools, and other & DSA-SS/CC]. The effective flush volume of wall-
similar places where plumbing fixtures are provided for the mounted urinals shall not exceed 0.125 gallons (0.47 L)
use of children less than 6 years of age, water closets shall be per flush in compliance with Chapter 5, Division 5.3, of
of a size and height suitable for children’s use. the California Green Building Standards Code (CAL-
411.2 Water Consumption. The effective flush volume of Green).
all water closets shall not exceed 1.28 gallons (4.8 L) per 412.1.2 Floor-Mounted Urinals [BSC-CG, DSA-SS &
flush when tested in accordance with ASME A112.19.2/CSA DSA-SS/CC]. The effective flush volume of floor-mounted
B45.1. or other urinals shall not exceed 0.5 gallons (1.89 L) per
411.2.1 Dual Flush Water Closets. Dual flush water flush in compliance with Chapter 5, Division 5.3, of the
closets shall comply with ASME A112.19.14. The effec- California Green Building Standards Code (CALGreen).
tive flush volume for dual flush water closets shall be 412.1.3 Nonwater Urinals. Nonwater urinals shall have
defined as the composite, average flush volume of two
a liquid barrier sealant to maintain a trap seal. Nonwater
reduced flushes and one full flush.
urinals shall permit the uninhibited flow of waste through
411.2.2 Flushometer Valve Activated Water Clos- the urinal to the sanitary drainage system. Nonwater uri-
ets. Flushometer valve activated water closets shall have nals shall be cleaned and maintained in accordance with
a maximum flush volume of 1.28 gallons (4.8 Lpf) of the manufacturer’s instructions after installation. Where
water per flush. nonwater urinals are installed, not less than one water sup-
411.2.2.1 Flushometer Valve Activated Water plied fixture rated at not less than 1 water supply fixture
Closets [BSC-CG, DSA-SS & DSA-SS/CC]. unit (WSFU) shall be installed upstream on the same drain
Flushometer valve activated water closets shall have line to facilitate drain line flow and rinsing. Where non-

64 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

PLUMBING FIXTURES AND FIXTURE FITTINGS

water urinals are installed, they shall have a water distri- tank after each discharge and to shut completely off the water
bution line rough-in to each individual urinal location to flow to the tank where the tank is filled to operational capac-
allow for the installation of an approved backflow pre- ity. Provision shall be made to automatically supply water to
vention device in the event of a retrofit. For additional the fixture to refill the trap seal after each flushing.
information, see Health and Safety Code Section 17921.4. 413.5 Overflows in Flush Tanks. Flush tanks shall be pro-
412.1.4 Nonwater Urinals with Drain Cleansing vided with overflows discharging into the water closet or uri-
Action. Nonwater urinals with drain cleansing action nal connected thereto. Overflows supplied as original parts with
shall comply with ASME A112.19.19 and shall be the fixture shall be of sufficient size to prevent tank flooding at
cleaned, maintained and installed in accordance with the the maximum rate at which the tank is supplied with water
manufacturer’s installation instructions. under normal operating conditions and where installed in
412.1.4.1 [BSC-CG]. Where approved, nonwater accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions.
urinals with drain cleansing action shall be in com-
pliance with Chapter 5, Division A5.3 of the Cali- 414.0 Dishwashing Machines.
fornia Green Building Standards Code (CALGreen). 414.1 Application. Domestic dishwashing machines shall
412.2 Backflow Protection. A water supply to a urinal comply with UL 749. Commercial dishwashing machines
shall be protected by an approved-type vacuum breaker or shall comply with NSF 3 and UL 921.
other approved backflow prevention device in accordance 414.2 Backflow Protection. The water supply connection
with Section 603.5. to a commercial dishwashing machine shall be protected by
an air gap or a backflow prevention device in accordance with
413.0 Flushing Devices. Section 603.3.2, Section 603.3.5, Section 603.3.6, or that
complies with ASSE 1004.
413.1 Where Required. Each water closet, urinal, clinical
sink, or other plumbing fixture that depends on trap siphonage 414.3 Drainage Connection. Domestic dishwashing
to discharge its waste contents shall be provided with a machines shall discharge indirectly through an air gap fitting
flushometer valve, flushometer tank, or flush tank designed and in accordance with Section 807.3 into a waste receptor, a wye
installed so as to supply water in sufficient quantity and rate of branch fitting on the tailpiece of a kitchen sink, or dishwasher
flow to flush the contents of the fixture to which it is connected, connection of a food waste disposer. Commercial dishwash-
to cleanse the fixture, and to refill the fixture trap, without ing machines shall discharge indirectly through an air break
excessive water use. Flushing devices shall comply with the or direct connection. The indirect discharge for commercial
antisiphon requirements in accordance with Section 603.5. dishwashing machines shall be in accordance with Section
807.1, and the direct discharge shall be in accordance with
413.2 Flushometer Valves. Flushometer valves and
Section 704.3.
flushometer tanks shall comply with ASSE 1037/ASME
A112.1037/CSA B125.37, and shall be installed in accor-
dance with Section 603.5.1. No manually controlled 415.0 Drinking Fountains.
flushometer valve shall be used to flush more than one urinal, 415.1 Application. Drinking fountains shall be self-closing
and each such urinal flushometer valve shall be an approved, and comply with ASME A112.19.1/CSA B45.2, ASME
self-closing type discharging a predetermined quantity of A112.19.2/CSA B45.1, or ASME A112.19.3/CSA B45.4.
water. Flushometers shall be installed so that they will be Drinking fountains shall also comply with NSF 61. Perma-
accessible for repair. Flushometer valves shall not be used nently installed electric water coolers shall also comply with
where the water pressure is insufficient to operate them prop- UL 399. [HCD 1] Drinking fountains shall be installed and
erly. Where the valve is operated, it shall complete the cycle so regulated that a jet of water extending at least 2 inches (51
of operation automatically, opening fully, and closing posi- mm) in height from the water orifice shall be constantly avail-
tively under the line water pressure. Each flushometer shall be able. The orifice shall not be accessible to the mouth of the
provided with a means for regulating the flow through it. drinker nor subject to immersion.
[OSPHD 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5] Sensor operated flush valves shall 415.2 Drinking Fountain Alternatives. Where food is
be capable of functioning during loss of normal power. consumed indoors, water stations shall be permitted to be sub-
413.3 Flush Tanks. Flush tanks for manual flushing shall stituted for drinking fountains. Bottle filling stations shall be
be equipped with a flush valve that complies with ASME permitted to be substituted for drinking fountains up to 50
A112.19.5/CSA B45.15 and an antisiphon fill valve (ball- percent of the requirements for drinking fountains. Drinking
cock) that complies with ASSE 1002/ASME fountains shall not be required for an occupant load of 30 or
A112.1002/CSA B125.12 and installed in accordance with less.
Section 603.5.2. 415.3 Drainage Connection. Drinking fountains shall be
413.4 Water Supply for Flush Tanks. An adequate quan- permitted to discharge directly into the drainage system or
tity of water shall be provided to flush and clean the fixture indirectly through an air break in accordance with Section
served. The water supply for flushing tanks and flushometer 809.1.
tanks equipped for manual flushing shall be controlled by a 415.4 Location. Drinking fountains shall not be installed in
float valve or other automatic device designed to refill the toilet rooms.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 65

PLUMBING FIXTURES AND FIXTURE FITTINGS

416.0 Emergency Eyewash and Shower Equipment. A112.18.1/CSA B125.1 or shall have a backflow preventer
416.1 Application. Emergency eyewash and shower equip- device that complies with ASME A112.18.3.
ment shall comply with ISEA Z358.1. 417.5 Separate Controls for Hot and Cold Water.
416.2 Water Supply. Emergency eyewash and shower Where two separate handles control the hot and cold water,
equipment shall not be limited in the water supply flow rates. the left-hand control of the faucet where facing the fixture fit-
Where hot and cold water is supplied to an emergency shower ting outlet shall control the hot water. Faucets and diverters
or eyewash station, the temperature of the water supply shall shall be connected to the water distribution system so that hot
be controlled by a temperature actuated mixing valve com- water corresponds to the left side of the fixture fitting.
plying with ASSE 1071. Where water is supplied directly to Single-handle mixing valves installed in showers and
an emergency shower or eyewash station from a water heater, tub-shower combinations shall have the flow of hot water cor-
the water heater shall comply with ASSE 1085. The flow rate, responding to the markings on the fixture fitting.
discharge pattern, and temperature of flushing fluids shall be 417.6 Low-Pressure Water Dispenser. Beverage faucets
provided in accordance with ISEA Z358.1. shall comply with ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1. Low-pres-
416.3 Installation. Emergency eyewash and shower equip- sure water dispensers that dispense electrically heated water
ment shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s and have a reservoir vented to the atmosphere shall comply
installation instructions. with ASSE 1023. Electric devices that heat water shall com-
416.4 Location. Emergency eyewash and shower equip- ply with UL 499.
ment shall be located on the same level as the hazard and
accessible for immediate use. The path of travel shall be free 418.0 Floor Drains.
of obstructions and shall be clearly identified with signage.
418.1 Application. Floor drains shall comply with ASME
416.5 Drain. A drain shall not be required for emergency A112.3.1, ASME A112.6.3, or CSA B79.
eyewash or shower equipment. Where a drain is provided, the
418.2 Strainer. Floor drains shall be considered plumbing
discharge shall be in accordance with Section 811.0.
fixtures and each such drain shall be provided with an
approved-type strainer having a waterway equivalent to the
417.0 Faucets and Fixture Fittings. area of the tailpiece. Floor drains shall be of an approved type
417.1 Application. Faucets and fixture fittings shall comply and shall provide a watertight joint on the floor.
with ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1. Fixture fittings covered 418.3 Location of Floor Drains. Floor drains shall be
under the scope of NSF 61 shall comply with the requirements installed in the following areas:
of NSF 61. (1) Toilet rooms containing two or more water closets or a
417.1.1 Wash Fountains [BSC-CG, DSA-SS & DSA- combination of one water closet and one urinal, except in
SS/CC]. Wash fountains shall have a maximum flow rate a dwelling unit.
of not more than 1.8 gallons (6.81 L) per minute/20 [rim (2) Commercial kitchens and in accordance with Section
space (inches) at 60 psi] in compliance with Chapter 5, 704.3.
Division 5.3 of the California Green Building Standards
(3) Laundry rooms in commercial buildings and common
Code (CALGreen).
laundry facilities in multi-family dwelling buildings.
417.1.2 Metering Faucets for Wash Fountains [BSC-
(4) Boiler rooms.
CG, DSA-SS & DSA-SS/CC]. Metering faucets for wash
fountains shall have a maximum flow rate of not more than 418.4 Food Storage Areas. Where drains are provided in
0.20 gallons (0.76 L) per cycle/20 [rim space (inches) at storerooms, walk-in freezers, walk-in coolers, refrigerated
60 psi] in compliance with Chapter 5, Division 5.3 of the equipment, or other locations where food is stored, such
California Green Building Standards Code (CALGreen). drains shall have indirect waste piping. Separate waste pipes
shall be run from each food storage area, each with an indi-
417.2 Deck Mounted Bath/Shower Valves. Deck rect connection to the building sanitary drainage system.
mounted bath/shower transfer valves with integral backflow Traps shall be provided in accordance with Section 801.3.2 of
protection shall comply with ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1. this code and shall be vented.
This shall include handheld showers, and other bathing appli-
ances mounted on the deck of bathtubs or other bathing appli- Indirect drains shall be permitted to be located in freez-
ances that incorporate a hose or pull out feature. ers or other spaces where freezing temperatures are main-
tained, provided that traps, where supplied, shall be located
417.3 Handheld Showers. Handheld showers shall comply where the seal will not freeze. Otherwise, the floor of the
with ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1. Handheld showers with freezer shall be sloped to a floor drain located outside of the
integral backflow protection shall comply with ASME storage compartment.
A112.18.1/CSA B125.1 or shall have a backflow prevention
device that complies with ASME A112.18.3 or ASSE 1014. 418.5 Floor Slope. Floors shall be sloped to floor drains.
417.4 Faucets and Fixture Fittings with Hose Con-
nected Outlets. Faucets and fixture fittings with pull out 419.0 Food Waste Disposers.
spout shall comply with ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1. 419.1 Application. Food waste disposal units shall comply
Faucets and fixture fittings with pull out spouts with integral with UL 430. Residential food waste disposers shall also
backflow protection shall comply with ASME comply with ASSE 1008.

66 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

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419.2 Drainage Connection. Approved wye or other Section 1607(d)(7), and shall be equipped with an inte-
directional-type branch fittings shall be installed in continu- gral automatic shutoff.
ous wastes connecting or receiving the discharge from a food FOR REFERENCE ONLY: The following table and code
waste disposer. No dishwasher drain shall be connected to a section have been reprinted from the California Code of
sink tailpiece, continuous waste, or trap on the discharge side Regulations, Title 20 (Appliance Efficiency Regulations),
of a food waste disposer. Section 1605.1(h)(4) and Section 1605.3(h)(4)(A).
419.3 Water Supply. A cold water supply shall be provided
for food waste disposers. Such connection to the water sup- TABLE H-2
ply shall be protected by an air gap or backflow prevention STANDARDS FOR COMMERCIAL PRE-RINSE SPRAY VALVES
device in accordance with Section 603.2. MANUFACTURED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 28, 2019.
PRODUCT CLASS MAXIMUM FLOW
420.0 Sinks. (spray force in ounce force (ozf)) RATE (gpm)

420.1 Application. Sinks shall comply with ASME Product Class 1 (≤ 5.0 ozf) 1.00
A112.19.1/CSA B45.2, ASME A112.19.2/CSA B45.1,
Product Class 2 (> 5.0 ozf and ≤ 8.0 ozf) 1.20
ASME A112.19.3/CSA B45.4, CSA B45.5/IAPMO Z124,
CSA B45.8/IAPMO Z403, or CSA B45.12/IAPMO Z402. Product Class 3 (> 8.0 ozf) 1.28
Moveable sink systems shall comply with ASME
A112.19.12. Sink assemblies with automatic soap dispensers,
faucets, or hand dryers shall comply with IAPMO IGC 127. Title 20 Section 1605.3(h)(4)(A): Commercial pre-rinse
420.2 Water Consumption. Sink faucets shall have a max- spray valves manufactured on or after January 1, 2006,
imum flow rate of not more than 2.2 gpm at 60 psi (8.3 L/m shall have a minimum spray force of not less than 4.0
at 414 kPa). ounces-force (ozf) [113 grams-force (gf)].
Exceptions:
(1) Clinical sinks 420.4 Waste Outlet. Kitchen and laundry sinks shall have
(2) Laundry trays a waste outlet and fixture tailpiece not less than 11⁄2 inches
(40 mm) in diameter. Service sinks shall have a waste outlet
(3) Service sinks and fixture tailpiece not less than 2 inches (50 mm) in diam-
420.2.1 Kitchen Faucets [BSC-CG, DSA-SS & eter. Fixture tailpieces shall be constructed from the materi-
DSA-SS/CC]. Kitchen faucets shall have a maximum als specified in Section 701.2 for drainage piping. Waste
flow rate of not more than 1.8 gallons (6.81 L) per minute outlets shall be provided with an approved strainer.
at 60 psi. Kitchen faucets may temporarily increase the
flow above the maximum rate, but not to exceed 2.2 gal-
lons (8.3 L) per minute at 60 psi, and must default to a 421.0 Floor Sinks.
maximum flow rate of 1.8 gallons (6.81 L) per minute at 421.1 Application. Floor sinks shall comply with ASME
60 psi in compliance with Chapter 5, Division 5.3 of the A112.6.7.
California Green Building Standards Code (CALGreen). 421.2 Strainers. The waste outlet of a floor sink shall be
420.2.2 Kitchen Faucets [HCD 1]. The maximum flow provided with an approved strainer or grate that is removable
rate of kitchen faucets shall not exceed 1.8 gallons (6.81 and accessible.
L) per minute at 60 psi. Kitchen faucets may temporarily
increase the flow above the maximum rate, but not to
exceed 2.2 gallons (8.32 L) per minute at 60 psi, and must 422.0 Minimum Number of Required Fixtures.
default to a maximum flow rate of 1.8 gallons (6.81 L) per 422.1 Fixture Count. Plumbing fixtures shall be provided
minute at 60 psi in compliance with Chapter 4, Division for the type of building occupancy and in the minimum num-
4.3 or Chapter 5, Division 5.3 of the California Green ber shown in Table 422.1 [OSHPD 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5] and Table
Building Standards Code (CALGreen), as applicable. 4-2 and Table 4-3. The total occupant load and occupancy
Note: Where faucets meeting the maximum flow rate of classification shall be determined in accordance with the Cal-
1.8 gpm (6.81 L) are unavailable, aerators or other ifornia Building Code. Occupancy classification not shown
means may be used to achieve reduction. in Table 422.1 shall be considered separately by the Author-
ity Having Jurisdiction.
420.3 Pre-Rinse Spray Valve. Commercial food service
pre-rinse spray valves shall have a maximum flow rate of 1.6 Exception: [BSC, DSA-SS & DSA-SS/CC] Using occu-
gallons per minute (gpm) at 60 pounds-force per square inch pancy classification, described as function of space, deter-
(psi) (6.0 L/m at 414 kPa) and shall be equipped with an inte- mine occupant load factor from Table 4-1 Occupant Load
gral automatic shutoff. Factor, of this chapter.
420.3.1 Pre-Rinse Spray Valves. [BSC-CG, DSA- The minimum number of fixtures shall be calculated at
SS, HCD 1 & HCD 2] When installed, shall meet the 50 percent male and 50 percent female based on the total
requirements in the California Code of Regulations, Title occupant load. Where information submitted indicates a dif-
20 (Appliance Efficiency Regulations), Section ference in the distribution of the sexes such information shall
1605.1(h)(4) Table H-2, Section 1605.3(h)(4)(A), and be used to determine the number of fixtures for each sex.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 67

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Once the occupancy load and occupancy are determined, 422.3.1 [OSHPD 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5] Separate toilet facili-
Table 422.1 shall be applied to determine the minimum num- ties shall be provided for the use of patients, staff per-
ber of plumbing fixtures required. Where applying the fixture sonnel and visitors.
ratios in Table 422.1 results in fractional numbers, such num- Exception for Primary Care Clinics Only: Where a
bers shall be rounded to the next whole number. For multiple facility contains no more than three examination and/or
occupancies, fractional numbers shall be first summed and treatment rooms, the patient toilet shall be permitted to
then rounded to the next whole number. serve waiting areas.
422.1.1 Family or Assisted-Use Toilet and 422.4 Toilet Facilities Serving Employees and Cus-
Bathing Facilities. Where family or assisted-use toilet tomers [Not adopted for OSHPD 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5]. Each
and bathing rooms are required, in applicable building building or structure shall be provided with toilet facilities for
regulations, the facilities shall be installed in accordance employees and customers. Requirements for customers and
with those regulations. employees shall be permitted to be met with a single set of
422.1.2 [DSA-AC] Effective January 1, 1990, in new restrooms accessible to both groups.
construction and those existing facilities which occu- Required toilet facilities for employees and customers
pancy type are listed in Tables 422.1 and 4-4 for public located in shopping malls or centers shall be permitted to be
use, which apply for permit to undertake construction, met by providing a centrally located toilet facility accessible
structural alterations, repairs or improvement which to several stores. The maximum travel distance from entry to
exceed 50 percent of the square footage of the entire any store to the toilet facility shall not exceed 300 feet (91
facility, shall install water closets, urinals, lavatories and 440 mm).
drinking fountains as stipulated in Tables 422.1 and 4-4 Required toilet facilities for employees and customers in
for public use. Community and/or municipal parks with other than shopping malls or centers shall have a maximum
a bleacher capacity not exceeding 500 seats shall be travel distance not to exceed 500 feet (152 m).
exempt from the requirements of this section and Tables
422.4.1 Access to Toilet Facilities. In multi-story
422.1 and 4-4. Each bathroom shall comply with Part 2,
buildings, accessibility to the required toilet facilities
Chapter 11A and 11B of the California Building Code.
shall not exceed one vertical story. Access to the required
422.1.3 [OSHPD 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5] OSHPD facilities shall toilet facilities for customers shall not pass through areas
also comply with requirements of the California Building designated as for employee use only such as kitchens,
Code, Chapters 1224,1225, 1226, 1227 and 1228 in food preparation areas, storage rooms, closets, or similar
addition to total occupant load and occupancy classifi- spaces. Toilet facilities accessible only to private offices
cation for determination of minimum number of fixtures. shall not be counted to determine compliance with this
422.2 Separate Facilities. Separate toilet facilities shall section.
be provided for each sex. 422.5 Toilet Facilities for Workers. Toilet facilities shall
Exceptions [Not adopted for OSHPD 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5]: be provided and maintained in a sanitary condition for the use
(1) Residential installations. of workers during construction.
(2) In occupancies with a total occupant load of 10 or less, 422.6 [CA] Cosmetology. Each school shall provide pub-
lic toilet rooms for each sex on the licensed premises in accor-
including customers and employees, one toilet facility,
dance with the California Plumbing Code, Table 422.1.
designed for use by no more than one person at a time,
shall be permitted for use by both sexes. 422.7 [CA] Cosmetology Establishments. Each estab-
lishment where hairdressing services are performed shall pro-
(3) In business and mercantile occupancies with a total occu-
vide at least one public toilet room located on the premises in
pant load of 50 or less including customers and employees,
accordance with the California Plumbing Code, Table 422.1.
one toilet facility, designed for use by no more than one
person at a time, shall be permitted for use by both sexes. 422.8 [DPH] Commissaries Serving Mobile Food
Preparation Units. Commissaries serving mobile food
422.2.1 Single Use Toilet Facilities. Single use toi- preparation units shall have at least one hose bib. The hose
let facilities and family or assisted use toilet facilities bib shall be supplied with hot and cold water and be provided
shall be identified with signage indicating use by either with a single spout, a backflow-preventer device and shall be
sex. located on the premises of the establishment.
422.2.2 Family or Assisted-Use Toilet Facilities. 422.9 [DPH] Employee Lavatories in Food Establish-
Where a separate toilet facility is required for each sex, ments. Employee lavatories installed in food establishments
and each toilet facility is required to have only one water shall be equipped with an approved single spout capable of
closet, two family or assisted-use toilet facilities shall be providing tempered (100ºF - 115ºF) (37.8ºC - 46.1ºC) run-
permitted in place of the required separate toilet facilities. ning water.
422.3 Fixture Requirements for Special Occupan- Note: This requirement applies only to commissaries serv-
cies. Additional fixtures shall be permitted to be required ing mobile food preparation units.
where unusual environmental conditions or referenced activ-
ities are encountered. In food preparation areas, fixture
requirements shall be permitted to be dictated by health
codes.

68 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

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TABLE 422.1
MINIMUM PLUMBING FACILITIES1
Each building shall be provided with sanitary facilities, including provisions for persons with disabilities as prescribed by the Department Having Jurisdic-
tion. Table 422.1 applies to new buildings, additions to a building, and changes of occupancy or type in an existing building resulting in increased occupant
load.
For requirements for persons with disabilities, Chapter 11A or 11B of the California Building Code shall be used.

The total occupant load shall be determined in accordance with the [BSC, DSA-SS & DSA-SS/CC] California Building Code or Table 4-1 Occupant
Load Factor.

Exceptions:
(1) [HCD 1-AC & HCD 2] For applications listed in Sections 1.8.2.1.2 and 1.8.2.1.3 regulated by the Department of Housing and Community Development,
each building shall be provided with sanitary facilities, including provisions for persons with disabilities as prescribed by the Department. Covered mul-
tifamily dwellings required to be accessible to persons with disabilities shall comply with Chapter 11A of the California Building Code. Permanent build-
ings in mobilehome parks and special occupancy parks required to be accessible by persons with disabilities, shall comply with Chapter 11B of the
California Building Code.
(2) [HCD 1] For limited density owner-built rural dwelling sanitary facilities, the type, design and number of facilities as required and approved by the local
health official shall be provided to the dwelling sites. It shall not be required that such facilities be located within the dwelling.

BATHTUBS DRINKING
URINALS OR FOUNTAINS/
TYPE OF WATER CLOSETS (FIXTURES LAVATORIES SHOWERS FACILITIES
OTHER
OCCUPANCY2 (FIXTURES PER PERSON)3 PER (FIXTURES PER PERSON)5 (FIXTURES (FIXTURES
PERSON)4 PER PER
PERSON) PERSON)
A-1 Assembly occupancy Female
(fixed or permanent seat- Female
1: 1-25 Male Male
ing)- theaters, concert Male 1: 1-100
2: 26-50 1: 1-200 1: 1-200 1: 1-250
halls, and auditoriums 1: 1-100 2: 101-200
3: 51-100 2: 201-300 2: 201-400 2: 251-500
2: 101-200 4: 201-300
4: 101-200 3: 301-400 3: 401-600 3: 501-750
3: 201-400 5: 301-500 1 service
6: 201-300 4: 401-600 4: 601-750
6: 501-750 –– sink or
8: 301-400
laundry tray
Over 600, Over 750,
Over 400, add 1 fixture for Over 750, add 1 fixture for
add 1 fixture add 1 fixture
each additional 500 males each additional 250 males
for each for each
and 1 fixture for each and 1 fixture for each
additional additional
additional 125 females. additional 200 females.
300 males. 500 persons.
A-2 Assembly occu- Female
pancy- restaurants, pubs, Male 1: 1-25 Male
lounges, nightclubs and Male Female
1: 1-50 2: 26-50 1: 1-200 1: 1-250
banquet halls 1: 1-150 1: 1-150
2: 51-150 3: 51-100 2: 201-300 2: 251-500
2: 151-200 2: 151-200
3: 151-300 4: 101-200 3: 301-400 3: 501-750
3: 201-400 4: 201-400 1 service
4: 301-400 6: 201-300 4: 401-600
8: 301-400 –– sink or
laundry tray
Over 600, Over 750,
Over 400, add 1 fixture for Over 400, add 1 fixture for
add 1 fixture add 1 fixture
each additional 250 males each additional 250 males
for each for each
and 1 fixture for each 125 and 1 fixture for each
additional additional
females. additional 200 females
300 males. 500 persons.
A-3 Assembly occupancy Female
Female
(typical without fixed or 1: 1-25 Male Male
Male 1: 1-100
permanent seating)- 2: 26-50 1: 1-100 1: 1-200 1: 1-250
1: 1-100 2: 101-200
arcades, places of wor- 3: 51-100 2: 101-200 2: 201-400 2: 251-500
2: 101-200 4: 201-300
ship, museums, libraries, 4: 101-200 3: 201-400 3: 401-600 3: 501-750
3: 201-400 5: 301-500 1 service
lecture halls, gymnasiums 6: 201-300 4: 401-600 4: 601-750
6: 501-750 –– sink or
(without spectator seat- 8: 301-400
ing), indoor pools (with- laundry tray
Over 600, Over 750,
out spectator seating) Over 400, add 1 fixture for Over 750, add 1 fixture for
add 1 fixture add 1 fixture
each additional 500 males each additional 250 males
for each for each
and 1 fixture for each and 1 fixture for each
additional additional
additional 125 females. additional 200 females.
300 males. 500 persons.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 69

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TABLE 422.1
MINIMUM PLUMBING FACILITIES1 (continued)

BATHTUBS DRINKING
URINALS OR FOUNTAINS/
TYPE OF WATER CLOSETS (FIXTURES LAVATORIES SHOWERS FACILITIES
OTHER
OCCUPANCY2 (FIXTURES PER PERSON)3 PER (FIXTURES PER PERSON)5 (FIXTURES (FIXTURES
PERSON)4 PER PER
PERSON) PERSON)
Female
Female
1: 1-25 Male
Male Male 1: 1-100
2: 26-50 1: 1-100 1: 1-250
1: 1-100 1: 1-200 2: 101-200
A-4 Assembly occupancy 3: 51-100 2: 101-200 2: 251-500
2: 101-200 2: 201-400 4: 201-300
(indoor activities or sport- 4: 101-200 3: 201-400 3: 501-750
3: 201-400 3: 401-750 5: 301-500 1 service
ing events with spectator 6: 201-300 4: 401-600
6: 501-750 –– sink or laun-
seating)- swimming pools, 8: 301-400
dry tray
skating rinks, arenas, and Over 600, Over 750,
Over 400, add 1 fixture for Over 750, add 1 fixture for
gymnasiums add 1 fixture add 1 fixture
each additional 500 males each additional 250 males
for each for each
and 1 fixture for each and 1 fixture for each
additional additional
additional 125 females. additional 200 females.
300 males. 500 persons.
Female
Female
1: 1-25 Male
Male Male 1: 1-100
2: 26-50 1: 1-100 1: 1-250
1: 1-100 1: 1-200 2: 101-200
3: 51-100 2: 101-200 2: 251-500
A-5 Assembly occupancy 2: 101-200 2: 201-400 4: 201-300
4: 101-200 3: 201-400 3: 501-750
(outdoor activities or 3: 201-400 3: 401-750 5: 301-500 1 service
6: 201-300 4: 401-600
sporting events)- amuse- 6: 501-750 –– sink or
8: 301-400
ment parks, grandstands laundry tray
and stadiums Over 600, Over 750,
Over 400, add 1 fixture for Over 750, add 1 fixture for
add 1 fixture add 1 fixture
each additional 500 males each additional 250 males
for each for each
and 1 fixture for each and 1 fixture for each
additional additional
additional 125 females. additional 200 females.
300 males. 500 persons.
B Business occupancy Female Female
(office, professional or Male
Male 1: 1-15 Male 1: 1-50
service type transactions)- 1: 1-75
1: 1-50 2: 16-30 1: 1-100 2: 51-100
banks, vet clinics, hospi- 2: 76-150
2: 51-100 3: 31-50 2: 101-200 3: 101-150
tals, car wash, banks, 3: 151-200
3: 101-200 4: 51-100 3: 201-400 4: 151-200
beauty salons, ambulatory 4: 201-400 8: 101-200 4: 401-600 4: 201-300 1 service
5: 201-300
health care facilities, laun- 5: 301-400 –– 1 per 150 sink or
11: 201-400 6: 301-400
dries and dry cleaning, laundry tray
educational institutions Over 600,
Over 400, add 1 fixture for Over 400, add 1 fixture for
(above high school), or add 1 fixture
each additional 500 males each additional 250 males
training facilities not for each
and 1 fixture for each and 1 fixture for each
located within school, post additional 150 females. additional
additional 200 females.
offices and printing shops 300 males.
1 service
E Educational occupancy- Male Female Male Male Female
–– 1 per 150 sink or
private or public schools 1 per 50 1 per 30 1 per 100 1 per 40 1 per 40
laundry tray
1 shower for
Male Female Male Female each 15 1: 1-250
1: 1-50 1: 1-50 1: 1-50 1: 1-50 persons
–– 2: 251-500
2: 51-75 2: 51-75 2: 51-75 2: 51-75 exposed to
excessive 3: 501-750
3: 76-100 3: 76-100 3: 76-100 3: 76-100
F1, F2 Factory or Indus- heat or to 1 service
trial occupancy-fabricat- skin con- sink or
ing or assembly work tamination Over 750, laundry tray
Over 100, add 1 fixture Over 100, add 1 fixture with poison- add 1 fixture
for each additional –– for each additional ous, infec- for each
40 persons. 40 persons. tious or additional
irritating 500 persons.
material

70 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

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TABLE 422.1
MINIMUM PLUMBING FACILITIES1 (continued)
BATHTUBS DRINKING
URINALS OR FOUNTAINS/
TYPE OF WATER CLOSETS (FIXTURES LAVATORIES SHOWERS FACILITIES
OTHER
OCCUPANCY2 (FIXTURES PER PERSON)3 PER (FIXTURES PER PERSON)5 (FIXTURES (FIXTURES
PERSON)4 PER PER
PERSON) PERSON)
I-1 Institutional occu-
pancy (houses more than
16 persons on a 24-hour 1 service
Male Female Male Female
basis)- substance abuse –– 1 per 8 1 per 150 sink or
1 per 15 1 per 15 1 per 15 1 per 15
centers, assisted living, laundry tray
group homes, or residen-
tial facilities
I-2 Institu- Hospitals
tional occu- and nursing 1 per room –– 1 per room 1 per room
pancy-medi homes-indi- 1 service
cal, psychi- 1 per 150 sink or
vidual
atric, surgi- rooms and 1 per 20 laundry tray
1 per 8 patients –– 1 per 10 patients
cal or patients
ward room
nursing Hospital
homes Waiting or
1 per room –– 1 per room –– 1 per room ––
Visitor
Rooms
Male Female
1: 1-15 1: 1-15
Employee 2: 16-35 3: 16-35 Male Female
3: 36-55 4: 36-55 –– –– –– ––
Use 1 per 40 1 per 40
Over 55, add 1 fixture for
each additional 40 persons.
I-3 Institu- 1 per cell
Prisons 1 per cell –– 1 per cell 1 per 20 ––
tional occu- block/floor
pancy Correctional
(houses 1 service
facilities or
more than 5 1 per 8 –– 1 per 10 1 per 8 1 per floor sink or laun-
juvenile
people) dry tray
center
Male Female
1: 1-15 1: 1-15
Employee 2: 16-35 3: 16-35 Male Female
–– –– 1 per 150 ––
Use 3: 36-55 4: 36-55 1 per 40 1 per 40
Over 55, add 1 fixture for
each additional 40 persons.
I-4 Institutional occu- Male Female
pancy (any age that 1: 1-15 1: 1-15
receives care for less than 1 service
2: 16-35 3: 16-35 Male Female
24 hours) –– –– 1 per 150 sink or
3: 36-55 4: 36-55 1 per 40 1 per 40
laundry tray
Over 55, add 1 fixture for
each additional 40 persons.
M Mercantile occupancy Female
Male Female
(the sale of merchandise 1: 1-100 Male Male 1: 1-250 1 service
1: 1-100 1: 1-200
and accessible to the pub- 2: 101-200 0: 1-200 1: 1-200 –– 2: 251-500 sink or
2: 101-200 2: 201-300
lic) 4: 201-300 1: 201-400 2: 201-400 3: 501-750 laundry tray
3: 201-400 3: 301-400
6: 301-400
Over 400, Over 750,
Over 400, add 1 fixture for Over 400, add 1 fixture for
add 1 fixture add 1 fixture
each additional 500 males each additional 500 males
for each –– for each ––
and 1 fixture for each 200 and 1 fixture for each 400
additional additional
females. females.
500 males. 500 persons.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 71

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TABLE 422.1
MINIMUM PLUMBING FACILITIES1 (continued)

R-1 Residential occu-

1 service sink
pancy (minimal stay)- 1 per sleep-
1 per sleeping room –– 1 per sleeping room –– or
hotels, motels, bed and ing room
laundry tray
breakfast homes

R-2 Resi- Male Female Male Male Female

dential 1 per 10 1 per 8 1 per 25 1 per 12 1 per 12
occupancy
Over 150,
(long-term Dormitories Add 1 fixture for each Add 1 fixture for each 1 per 8 1 per 150
add 1 fixture
or perma- additional 25 males and 1 additional 20 males and 1
for each
nent) fixture for each additional fixture for each additional
additional
20 females. 15 females. 1 service sink
50 males.
or laundry tray
Male Female
1: 1-15 1: 1-15
Employee 2: 16-35 3: 16-35 Male Female
3: 36-55 4: 36-55 –– –– ––
Use 1 per 40 1 per 40
Over 55, add 1 fixture for
each additional 40 persons

1 kitchen sink
per apartment.
1 laundry tray
or 1 automatic
clothes washer
Apartment 1 per connection per
1 per apartment –– 1 per apartment ––
house/unit apartment unit or 1 laun-
dry tray or 1
automatic
clothes washer
connection for
each 12 units

R-3 Residential occu- Male Female Male Female

pancy (long-term or per- 1 per 10 1 per 8 1 per 12 1 per 12
manent in nature) for
Add 1 fixture for each Add 1 fixture for each 1 service sink
more than 5 but does not –– 1 per 8 1 per 150
additional 25 males and 1 additional 20 males and 1 or laundry tray
exceed 16 occupants)
fixture for each additional fixture for each additional
20 females. 15 females.
R-3 Residential occu-
pancy (one and two fam- 1 kitchen
ily dwellings) sink and 1
1 per one automatic
1 per one and two family 1 per one and two family and two clothes washer
–– ––
dwelling dwelling family connection per
dwelling one and two
family
dwelling

72 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

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TABLE 422.1
MINIMUM PLUMBING FACILITIES1 (continued)
BATHTUBS DRINKING
URINALS OR FOUNTAINS/
TYPE OF WATER CLOSETS (FIXTURES LAVATORIES SHOWERS FACILITIES
OTHER
OCCUPANCY2 (FIXTURES PER PERSON)3 PER (FIXTURES PER PERSON)5 (FIXTURES (FIXTURES
PERSON)4 PER PER
PERSON) PERSON)
Male Female Male Female
1 per 10 1 per 8 1 per 12 1 per 12
R-4 Residential occu-
Add 1 fixture for each Add 1 fixture for each 1 service sink
pancy (residential care or –– 1 per 8 1 per 150
additional 25 males and 1 additional 20 males and 1 or laundry tray
assisted living)
fixture for each additional fixture for each additional
20 females. 15 females.
S-1, S-2 Storage occu- Male Female Male Female
1: 1-250
pancy-storage of goods, 1: 1-100 1: 1-100 1: 1-200 1: 1-200
2: 251-500
warehouse, aircraft 2: 101-200 2: 101-200 2: 201-400 2: 201-400
3: 501-750
hanger, food products, 3: 201-400 3: 201-400 3: 401-750 3: 401-750
appliances Over 750, 1 service sink
–– ––
Over 400, add 1 fixture for add 1 fix- or laundry tray
Over 750, add 1 fixture for
each additional 500 males ture for
each additional 500 per-
and 1 fixture for each each addi-
sons.
additional 150 females. tional 500
persons.
Notes:
1
The figures shown are based upon one fixture being the minimum required for the number of persons indicated or any fraction thereof.
2
A restaurant is defined as a business that sells food to be consumed on the premises.
a. The number of occupants for a drive-in restaurant shall be considered as equal to the number of parking stalls.
b. Hand-washing facilities shall be available in the kitchen for employees.
3
The total number of required water closets for females shall be not less than the total number of required water closets and urinals for males. [BSC] This
requirement shall not apply when single occupancy toilet facilities are provided for each sex in an A or E occupancy with an occupant load of less than 50.
Either
a. The required urinal shall be permitted to be omitted or
b. If installed, the urinal shall not require a second water closet to be provided for the female.
4
For each urinal added in excess of the minimum required, one water closet shall be permitted to be deducted. The number of water closets shall not be reduced
to less than two-thirds of the minimum requirement.
5
Metering or self-closing faucets shall be installed on lavatories intended to serve the transient public.
6
[BSC, DSA-AC, DSA-SS, DSA-SS/CC, HCD 1 & HCD 2, OSHPD 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5] In accordance with Sections 1.8.7 and 301.3, the Authority Having Juris-
diction may approve alternative design criteria when determining the minimum number of plumbing fixtures.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 73

PLUMBING FIXTURES AND FIXTURE FITTINGS

> TABLE 4-1

OCCUPANT LOAD FACTOR:
[BSC, DSA-SS and DSA-SS/CC]
OCCUPANT
FUNCTION OF SPACE* ** LOAD FACTOR
(square feet)
Assembly - without fixed seats
Auditorium, convention and dance hall, lodge, stage, indoor sport/spectator event, worship, arcade, gaming 11
(standing space)
Waiting, terminal (portable seating space) 15
Conference, dining/drinking, lounge (portable seating/table space) 30
Gallery, museum, exhibit (standing space) 30
Assembly – with fixed seats See CBC 1004.6
Use 50% of the fixed
seating value
Business (office, sales/soliciting, administration, food processing, courtroom, ambulatory clinic) 150
See CBC 1004.8
Dormitory 50
Day care 35
Education (classroom)
30
Through 12th grade
Education (classroom)
50
Beyond 12th grade
Exercise (fitness) 50
Industrial (fabrication, foundry, workshop, component assembly, repair) 500
Kitchen/food prep (commercial) 50
Laboratory
50
Educational
Laboratory
100
Non-educational
Library 50
Mercantile (wholesale, retail) 100
Mall building (covered/open) See CBC 402.8.2
Residential (long term: central toilet facilities) 200
Warehouse
4000
Storage portions
Warehouse
500
Distribution portions (selecting, processing, packing, receiving, shipping)
* Any uses not specifically listed shall be based on similar uses listed in this table.
** For a building or space with mixed occupancies, use appropriate occupancy group for each area (for example, a school may have an “A” occupancy for
the gymnasium, a “B” occupancy for the office, an “E” occupancy for the classrooms, etc.). Accessory areas such as, but not limited to, hallways/corri-
dors, stairways, ramps, toilet rooms, mechanical rooms, closets and fixed equipment, may be excluded.

74 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

PLUMBING FIXTURES AND FIXTURE FITTINGS

TABLE 4-2
[OSHPD 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5]24 MINIMUM PLUMBING FACILITIES

HANDWASHING SCRUB BATHTUBS OR SERVICE CLINIC

SPACE TOILETS
FIXTURE SINKS3 SHOWERS SINKS1 SINKS

Administration Lobby
Public Toilet - Male 12 1
Public Toilet - Female 2 1
1
Airborne infection isolation room 1
Airborne infection isolation treatment/exam room 1
Airborne infection isolation anteroom 120
Airborne infection isolation toilet room 12 15 15
Cardiac Catheterization procedure room 4, 33
1
Central Sterile Supply 15
1
Cesarean/Delivery Service Space
Labor Rooms 133 19 19
Recovery Room 133 1
Drug distribution station 1
Cesarean operating room 210, 33
Delivery room 110, 33
Staff lounge
Staff Toilet - Male 12 1:1-15
Staff Toilet - Female 2 1:1-15
1
LDR or LDRP room 133 1 1
Waiting area/room
Public Toilet - Male 12 1
Public Toilet - Female 2 1
1
11 1
Clinical Laboratory Service Space
Dietetic Service Space 1
Kitchen 33
1
Food serving area 133
Food Preparation 133
Dietary Staff Toilet - Male 12 1:1-15
Dietary Staff Toilet - Female 2 1:1-15
1
Emergency Service 1
Open plan 1:4 cubicles 1
Observation unit(s) 1:4 cubicles 1:6 beds
Trauma/Cardiac, Emergency surgery, Cystoscopy, 14,33
Cast Room
Intensive Care Units7 1 1
Open plan 33
1:3 beds
Patient rooms28 133
Newborn Intensive Care Unit (NICU) 1:4 bassinets17, 33 1 1
Treatment area/room 1
Control station 133
Staff lounge
Staff Toilet - Male 12 1:1-15
Staff Toilet - Female 12 1:1-15

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 75

PLUMBING FIXTURES AND FIXTURE FITTINGS

TABLE 4-2
[OSHPD 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5]24 MINIMUM PLUMBING FACILITIES (continued)

HANDWASHING SCRUB BATHTUBS OR SERVICE CLINIC

SPACE TOILETS
FIXTURE SINKS3 SHOWERS SINKS1 SINKS

Employee dressing rooms and lockers

Staff Toilet - Male 12 1:1-15
Staff Toilet - Female 12 1:1-15
Exam and treatment rooms 1
Housekeeping room1 1
Laboratories 115
Laundry soiled linen, receiving, holding and sorting 1
Medicine preparation room 119
Morgue and Autopsy 1
Nourishment area 1+12
Nuclear Medicine room 1
Mold room 1
Patient room 1
Patient toilet and bath facilities13 12 1:4 beds 1:1216
Central bathing facility16 1 1 1
16 1
Special bathing facility
Nurse Station27 1 112
Newborn/well baby nursery 1:6 bassinets33
Workroom 133
Gastrointestinal endoscopy procedure room 133
Outpatient observation35 1 1
2,26
Pediatric and Adolescent Unit toilet room 1 126
Pharmacy 125
Staff Toilet - Male 12 1:1-15
Staff Toilet - Female 12 1:1-15
Compounding area for parenteral solutions 33
1
Postanesthesia care units (PACU) 1
1:4 gurney
Open plan
spaces33
Individual rooms 133
Protective environment room 133
Protective environment anteroom 120,33
Protective environment toilet room 12 15 15
Psychiatric unit patient room 1 1
Radiological/Imaging Services Space 1 129
Mammography 1
Interventional imaging 1
8
Ultrasound 130
Angiography 4, 31
1
8
Fluoroscopy 130
18 2 1:1-15
Staff Toilet - Male 1
18 2 1:1-15
Staff Toilet - Female 1
Rehabilitation Therapy Space
Training toilet 1
Physical therapy service space 1
Occupational therapy service space 1

76 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

PLUMBING FIXTURES AND FIXTURE FITTINGS

TABLE 4-2
[OSHPD 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5]24 MINIMUM PLUMBING FACILITIES (continued)

HANDWASHING SCRUB BATHTUBS OR SERVICE CLINIC

SPACE TOILETS
FIXTURE SINKS3 SHOWERS SINKS1 SINKS

Speech pathology 1
Infusion Therapy 1
Renal Dialysis Service Space 1:4 stations 1
Bloodborne Infection Isolation Room 1
Nurses’ station 1
Medication dispensing 1
Home training room 1
Repair room11 1 1
Dialysis patient toilet 2 1
1
Staff lounge
Staff Toilet - Male 1 1:1-15 1 shower
Staff Toilet - Female 1 1:1-15 1 shower
Surgical Service Space 233 1
Staff clothing change areas
Staff Toilet - Male 12 1 1 shower
Staff Toilet - Female 12 1 1 shower
Clean-up rooms 1
Substerile area 1
Anesthesia workroom 1
Soiled workroom or soiled holding 1 134
Cancer treatment/infusion therapy treatment 1:4 stations
Utility/Work Room
Clean21 1
22
Soiled 1 114
Patient beds [Skilled Nursing/Intermediate Care
1:82 1:6 1:20
Facilities][medical model]
Patient toilet and bath facilities13 [Correctional 1:82 1:6 1:12
Treatment Center]
Airborne infection isolation anteroom6 [Correctional 16 16 16
Treatment Center]
Airborne infection isolation anteroom [Correctional 1
Treatment Center]
6
Protective environment room [Correctional Treat- 16 16 16
ment Center]
Protective environment anteroom [Correctional 1
Treatment Center]
Notes:
1
Each department or nursing unit shall be served by a housekeeping room equipped with a service sink. Departments may share service closets provided the
departmental services are compatible. A dedicated housekeeping room shall be provided for the following services: Surgical/Catherization, ICU, NICU,
nursery, dietary, renal dialysis and outpatient surgery.
2
Conventional spouts and controls on hot-and cold-water supplies are acceptable. Aerators are not permitted. Non-aerating laminar flow devices are permitted.
Nourishment areas shall have a handwashing fixture in or immediately accessible from the nourishment area, in addition to a nourishment sink.
3
Scrub sinks shall be located outside of sterile procedure rooms. A minimum of two scrub sinks shall be provided in a surgical unit containing one operating
room. Four scrub sinks shall be provided in surgical units containing two operating rooms. One additional scrub sink shall be provided per each additional
operating room.
4
The scrub sink is in addition to the required number for surgeries.
5
The following fixtures shall be provided in airborne infection or protective environment rooms of hospitals only:
a. Within an adjoining toilet room, a lavatory, a shower containing a seat or a space for a shower chair, and toilet equipped with bedpan flushing attachment
with a vacuum breaker.
b. A handwashing fixture within a separate anteroom.
6
The following fixtures shall be provided in isolation rooms of correctional treatment centers only:
a. Within an adjoining toilet area, a handwashing fixture, a shower containing a seat or a space for a shower chair, and water closet equipped with bedpan
flushing attachment with a vacuum breaker.
b. A handwashing fixture within a separate anteroom.
7
Includes burn center spaces, acute respiratory-care service spaces, and coronary-care service spaces.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 77

PLUMBING FIXTURES AND FIXTURE FITTINGS

8
A toilet room with handwashing fixture shall directly adjoin each procedure room.
9
One toilet with lavatory and one shower may serve two labor rooms.
10
One additional scrub sink for each additional cesarean or delivery operating room.
11
Provide emergency eye-wash and shower.
12
Conveniently located for staff use.
13
Fixtures serving individual patient rooms shall not be considered as meeting the required ratios for bedrooms not served by individual adjoining toilet or bath-
rooms.
14
The clinic sink may be deleted if all bedrooms in the nursing unit are provided with adjoining toilets with bedpan flushing devices.
15
Conventional controls on hot-and cold-water supplies are acceptable. The water discharge points shall be 5 inches (127 millimeters) above the fixture rim.
Aerators are not permitted. Non-aerating laminar flow devices are permitted.
16
A minimum of one bathtub is required on each floor of an acute care or acute psychiatric hospital providing skilled nursing or intermediate care services.
Special bathing facilities/gurney shower shall be provided at a minimum ratio of one per 100 beds for acute care facilities.
17
In a multiple-bed room, every bed position shall be within 20 feet (6 meters) of a hands-free handwashing fixture. Where an individual room concept is used,
a handwashing fixture shall be provided within each infant care room.
18
When three or more procedure rooms are provided.
19
If a separate medicine room is provided, the room shall be equipped with a sink in addition to the nurses' station handwashing fixture. Hot-water supplies
are optional.
20
Not required when there is a handwash fixture in the patient bed room.
21
Handwashing fixtures may be deleted if room is used for storage and holding only.
22
If room is used only for temporary holding of soiled materials, clinic sink and work counter may be omitted. If the flushing-rim clinical sink is eliminated,
facilities for cleaning bedpans shall be provided elsewhere.
23
Toilet shall be equipped with a bedpan flushing attachment.
24
Optional services approved by the licensing agency shall comply with the applicable space requirements of OSHPD 1 and 2.
25
Shall be provided in each separate room where open medication is handled.
26
Conveniently accessible throughout the unit.
27
Includes rooms or areas within coronary and intensive-care units and postanethesia recovery rooms.
28
Modular toilet/sink combination units located within a privacy curtain may be used within individual patient space or private room. The toilet fixture shall
be completely contained within cabinetry when not in use, and shall be enclosed when flushed. Bedpan washers shall not be permitted in patient bedrooms.
29
In service spaces with procedure rooms that do not have dedicated patient toilets, provide a minimum of one patient toilet room with a separate handwash-
ing fixture within the service space.
30
Toilet room shall be accessible from the procedure room.
31
Scrub sink shall be located outside the staff entrance to the procedure room.
32
Not used.
33
Handwashing and scrub sink fixtures shall not be equipped with wrist or elbow blades but shall be equipped with sensor controls, or controls that do not
involve contact with the upper extremities.
34
If room is used only for temporary holding of soiled material, clinic sink and work counter may be omitted.
35
A minimum of one separate accessible toilet room shall be provided for the use of patients. Patient toilet room(s) shall be equipped with a handwashing fix-
ture and shall be accessible to the observation units(s) from the corridor. Reference CBC, Part 2, Section 1224.39.6.

78 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

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TABLE 4-3 [AGR]

WATER CLOSETS URINALS (TROUGH URINAL DRINKING

7 LAVATORIES
TYPE OF BUILDING (FIXTURES PER PERSON) TO INDIVIDUAL BATHTUBS OR SHOWERS FOUNTAINS
(FIXTURES
OR OCCUPANCY URINAL EQUIVALENCE) (FIXTURES PER PERSON) (FIXTURES
PER PERSON) 3
MALE PER PERSON)
MALE FEMALE
Nonindustrial—office 1 1-15 1 1-15 Length of Number of 1 1-15 1:10 persons per shift —
buildings, public build- 2 16-35 2 16-35 trough urinal individual 2 16-35 required to shower
ings and similar estab- 3 36-55 3 36-55 urinals 3 36-60
lishments 4 56-80 4 56-80 4 61-90
5 81-110 5 81-110 24" (610 mm) 1 5 91-125
6 111-150 6 111-150 36" (914 mm) 2 1 additional for each
1 additional for each 48" (1219 mm) 2 additional 4 employ-
additional 40 employees 60" (1524 mm) 3 ees or fraction thereof
or fraction thereof
Industrial–factories, 1 1-15 1 1-15 24" (610 mm) 1 1 to 100 1:10 persons per shift —
warehouses, loft build- 2 16-35 2 16-35 36" (914 mm) 2 employees required to shower
ings and similar estab- 3 36-55 3 36-55 48" (1219 mm) 2 1 per 10
lishments 4 56-80 4 56-80 60" (1524 mm) 3
5 81-110 5 81-110 72" (1829 mm) 4 Over 100 employees 1
6 111-150 6 111-150 additional for each
1 additional for each additional 15 employ-
additional 40 employees ees or fraction thereof
or fraction thereof
Notes:
1
The figures shown are based on one fixture being the minimum required for the number of persons indicated or any fraction thereof.
2
Each water closet shall occupy a separate compartment which shall be equipped with a door, door latch and clothes hook. The door and the walls or partitions between
fixtures shall be sufficient to assure privacy.
3
Drinking fountains shall not be located in toilet rooms.
4
Washing facilities shall be reasonably accessible to all employees.
5
Toilet facilities shall be accessible to the employees at all times. Where practicable, toilet facilities should be within 200 feet (61 m) of locations at which workers are reg-
ularly employed and should not be more than one floor-to-floor flight of stairs from working areas.
6
Urinals may be installed instead of water closets in toilet rooms to be used only by men provided that the number of water closets shall not be less than two thirds of the
minimum number of toilet facilities specified. The length of trough urinals to the equivalent number of individual urinals shall be based on the above table.
7
When there are less than five employees, separate toilet rooms for each sex are not required provided toilet rooms can be locked from the inside and contain at least one
water closet.
8
Twenty-four linear inches of wash sink or 18 inches of circular basin, when provided with water outlets for such space, shall be considered equivalent to one lavatory.
Exception: The requirements of Table 4-3 do not apply to mobile crews or to normally unattended work locations provided employees at these locations have immediately
available transportation to nearby toilet facilities which meet the requirements of Table 4-3.

TABLE 4-4 [DPH]

TYPE OF BUILDING WATER CLOSETS URINALS LAVATORIES BATHTUBS OR SHOWERS DRINKING FOUNTAINS
OR OCCUPANCY2 (FIXTURES PER PERSON) (FIXTURES PER MALE) (FIXTURES PER PERSON) (FIXTURES PER PERSON) (FIXTURES PER PERSON)
Day Use Public Male Female May be substituted for
Beaches1,2 1 1-100 1 1-100 up to two-thirds of the
No sex designated water closets required
1 1-500
Minimum of 2
Picnic Areas Male Female
1 1-50 1 1-50
Overnight Use 1 1-7.5 campsites3 May be substituted for 1 1-12.5 campsites4
Public Beaches2 1 1-7.5 campsites3 up to one-third of the
water closets required3
Organized Camps 1 1-153 1 1-15 1 1-156 Minimum 1 per camp
Notes:
1
Toilets shall be located in accordance with actual use patterns on the beach. The reasonable intent of the toilet requirements is that it should apply on the basis of aver-
age daily use during periods of peak use. The health officer may determine how many days the population standard may be exceeded.
2
Laundry facilities are not required, but if they are provided, must be a minimum of two laundry trays or a washing machine.
3
Toilet facilities shall not be farther than 400 feet from any lot or campsite.
4
Showers are not required, but it provided, they shall be provided on the indicated ratio. Outdoor rinse-off showers may be cold water only.
5
Toilets shall be located within 300 feet from the living accommodations they serve.
6
Showers shall be provided in the living area or in a centrally located structure.
Exception: Intermittent short-term organized camps are not required to provide shower facilities, but it provided, they shall comply with this part.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 79

80 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
CHAPTER 5 - WATER HEATERS
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter X X X X X X X

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections X X X X X
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
that are listed below
Chapter/Section
501.2 X
507.2 X X X X X
This state agency does not adopt sections identified with the following symbol: †
The Office of the State Fire Marshal’s adoption of this chapter or individual sections is applicable to structures regulated by other state agencies pursuant to
Section 1.11.0.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 81

82 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
CHAPTER 5
WATER HEATERS

501.0 General. 503.0 Inspection.

501.1 Applicability. The regulations of this chapter shall 503.1 Inspection of Chimneys or Vents. This inspec-
govern the construction, location, and installation of fuel- tion shall be made after chimneys, vents, or parts thereof,
burning and other types of water heaters heating potable authorized by the permit, have been installed and before such
water, together with chimneys, vents, and their connectors. vent or part thereof has been covered or concealed.
The minimum capacity for storage water heaters shall be in 503.2 Final Water Heater Inspection. This inspection
accordance with the first-hour rating listed in Table 501.1(2). shall be made after work authorized by the permit has been
No water heater shall be hereinafter installed that does not installed. The Authority Having Jurisdiction will make such
comply with the manufacturer’s installation instructions and inspection as deemed necessary to be assured that the work
the type and model of each size thereof approved by the has been installed in accordance with the intent of this code.
Authority Having Jurisdiction. A list of accepted water heater No appliance or part thereof shall be covered or concealed
appliance standards is referenced in Table 501.1(1). Listed until the same has been inspected and approved by the
appliances shall be installed in accordance with the manu- Authority Having Jurisdiction.
facturer’s installation instructions. Unlisted water heaters
shall be permitted in accordance with Section 504.3.2.
504.0 Water Heater Requirements.
TABLE 501.1(1)
504.1 Location. Water heater installations in bedrooms and
WATER HEATERS
bathrooms shall comply with one of the following [NFPA
54:10.27.1]:
TYPE STANDARD
(1) Water heater shall be of the direct-vent type. [NFPA 54:
Electric, Household Storage UL 174
10.27.1(2)]
Oil-Fired Storage Tank UL 732
(2) Fuel-burning water heaters shall be permitted to be
Gas-Fired, 75 000 Btu/h or less,
CSA Z21.10.1 installed in a closet located in the bedroom or bathroom
Storage
provided the closet is equipped with a listed, gasketed
Gas-Fired, Above 75 000 Btu/h, door assembly and a listed self-closing device. The self-
CSA Z21.10.3
Storage and Instantaneous closing door assembly shall meet the requirements of
Electric, Commercial Storage UL 1453 Section 504.1.1. The door assembly shall be installed
Solid Fuel-Fired UL 2523 with a threshold and bottom door seal and shall meet the
Electric Instantaneous UL 499 requirements of Section 504.1.2. Combustion air for such
For SI units: 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW installations shall be obtained from the outdoors in accor-
dance with Section 506.4. The closet shall be for the
exclusive use of the water heater.
501.2 California Energy Code Water Heating System 504.1.1 Self-Closing Doors. Self-closing doors shall
Requirements [CEC]. See California Energy Code Section swing easily and freely, and shall be equipped with a
110.3 for additional mandatory requirements for all service self-closing device to cause the door to close and latch
water heating systems, and 150.0(n) for additional mandatory each time it is opened. The closing mechanism shall not
requirements for residential service water heating systems. have a hold-open feature.
504.1.2 Gasketing. Gasketing on gasketed doors or
502.0 Permits. frames shall be furnished in accordance with the pub-
502.1 General. It shall be unlawful for a person to install, lished listings of the door, frame, or gasketing material
remove, or replace or cause to be installed, removed, or manufacturer.
replaced a water heater without first obtaining a permit from Exception: Where acceptable to the Authority Having
the Authority Having Jurisdiction to do so. Jurisdiction, gasketing of non-combustible or limited-com-

TABLE 501.1(2)
FIRST HOUR RATING1
Number of Bathrooms 1 to 1.5 2 to 2.5 3 to 3.5

Number of Bedrooms 1 2 3 2 3 4 5 3 4 5 6

First Hour Rating,2 Gallons 38 49 49 49 62 62 74 62 74 74 74

For SI units: 1 gallon = 3.785 L
Notes:
1
The first-hour rating is found on the “Energy Guide” label.
2
Solar water heaters shall be sized to meet the appropriate first-hour rating as shown in the table.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 83

WATER HEATERS

bustible material shall be permitted to be applied to the 505.4 Indirect-Fired Water Heaters. Indirect-fired water
frame, provided closing and latching of the door are not heaters shall be in accordance with the applicable sections of
inhibited. the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code or shall comply
504.2 Vent. Water heaters of other than the direct-vent type with one of the other applicable standards shown in Table
shall be located as close as practical to the chimney or gas vent. 501.1(1). Each water heater shall bear a label in accordance with
ASME requirements, or an approved testing agency, certifying
504.3 Clearance. The clearance requirements for water
and attesting that such an appliance has been tested, inspected
heaters shall comply with Section 504.3.1 or Section 504.3.2.
and meets the requirements of the applicable standards or code.
504.3.1 Listed Water Heaters. The clearances shall 505.4.1 Single-Wall Heat Exchanger. An indirect-
not be such as to interfere with combustion air, draft hood fired water heater that incorporates a single-wall heat
clearance and relief, and accessibility for servicing. Listed exchanger shall be in accordance with the following
water heaters shall be installed in accordance with their requirements:
listings and the manufacturer’s installation instructions.
(1) The heat transfer medium shall be either potable water
504.3.2 Unlisted Water Heaters. Unlisted water or contain fluids recognized as safe by the Food and
heaters shall be installed with a clearance of 12 inches Drug Administration (FDA) as food grade.
(305 mm) on all sides and rear. Combustible floors under
unlisted water heaters shall be protected in an approved (2) Bear a label with the word “Caution,” followed by the
manner. [NFPA 54:10.27.2.2] following statements:
504.4 Pressure-Limiting Devices. A water heater instal- (a) The heat-transfer medium shall be potable water
lation shall be provided with overpressure protection using an or other nontoxic fluid recognized as safe by the
approved, listed device installed in accordance with the terms FDA.
of its listing and the manufacturer’s installation instructions. (b) The maximum operating pressure of the heat
504.5 Temperature-Limiting Devices. A water heater exchanger shall not exceed the maximum oper-
installation or a hot water storage vessel installation shall be ating pressure of the potable water supply.
provided with overtemperature protection by means of an (3) The word “Caution” and the statements in letters shall
approved, listed device installed in accordance with the terms have an uppercase height of not less than 0.120 of an
of its listing and the manufacturer’s installation instructions. inch (3.048 mm). The vertical spacing between lines
of type shall be not less than 0.046 of an inch (1.168
504.6 Temperature, Pressure, and Vacuum Relief
mm). Lowercase letters shall be compatible with the
Devices. Temperature, pressure, and vacuum relief devices
uppercase letter size specification.
or combinations thereof, and automatic gas shutoff devices
shall be installed in accordance with the terms of their listings
and the manufacturer’s installation instructions. A shutoff valve 506.0 Air for Combustion and Ventilation.
shall not be placed between the relief valve and the water heater 506.1 General. Air for combustion, ventilation, and dilution of
or on discharge pipes between such valves and the atmosphere. flue gases for appliances installed in buildings shall be obtained
The hourly British thermal units (Btu) (kW•h) discharge capac- by application of one of the methods covered in Section 506.2
ity or the rated steam relief capacity of the device shall be not through Section 506.7.3. Where the requirements of Section
less than the input rating of the water heater. Discharge piping 506.2 are not met, outdoor air shall be introduced in accordance
shall be installed in accordance with Section 608.5. with methods covered in Section 506.4 through Section 506.7.3.
Exception: This provision shall not apply to direct-vent appli-
505.0 Oil-Burning and Other Water Heaters. ances. [NFPA 54:9.3.1.1]
505.1 Water Heaters. Water heaters deriving heat from 506.1.1 Other Types of Appliances. Appliances of
fuels or types of energy other than gas shall comply with the other than natural draft design, appliances not designated as
standards referenced in Table 501.1(1), Section 505.3, or Sec- Category I vented appliances, and appliances equipped
tion 505.4. Vents or chimneys for such appliances shall be of with power burners shall be provided with combustion,
approved types. An adequate supply of air for combustion ventilation, and dilution air in accordance with the appli-
and for adequate ventilation of heater rooms or compartments ance manufacturer’s instructions. [NFPA 54:9.3.1.2]
shall be provided. Each such appliance shall be installed in a 506.1.2 Draft Hood and Regulators. Where used, a
location approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction and draft hood or a barometric draft regulator shall be installed
local and state fire-prevention agencies. in the same room or enclosure as the appliance served so as
505.2 Safety Devices. Storage-type water heaters and hot to prevent any difference in pressure between the hood or
water boilers deriving heat from fuels or types of energy other regulator and the combustion air supply. [NFPA 54:9.3.1.4]
than gas, shall be provided with, in addition to the primary 506.1.3 Makeup Air. Where exhaust fans, clothes dry-
temperature controls, an over-temperature safety protection ers, and kitchen ventilation systems interfere with the
device that complies with and is installed in accordance with operation of appliances, makeup air shall be provided.
nationally recognized applicable standards for such devices [NFPA 54:9.3.1.5]
and a combination temperature and pressure-relief valve. 506.2 Indoor Combustion Air. The required volume of
505.3 Oil-Fired Water Heaters. Oil-fired water heaters indoor air shall be determined in accordance with the method
shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 31. in Section 506.2.1 or Section 506.2.2 except that where the air

84 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

WATER HEATERS

infiltration rate is known to be less than 0.40 ACH (air change within 12 inches (305 mm) of the top of the enclosure
per hour), the method in Section 506.2.2 shall be used. The and one permanent opening shall commence within 12
total required volume shall be the sum of the required vol- inches (305 mm) of the bottom of the enclosure (see Fig-
ume calculated for all appliances located within the space. ure 506.3). The minimum dimension of air openings
Rooms communicating directly with the space in which the shall not be less than 3 inches (76 mm).
appliances are installed through openings not furnished with (2) Combining spaces in different stories. The volumes of
doors, and through combustion air openings sized and located spaces in different stories shall be considered as com-
in accordance with Section 506.3, are considered a part of the municating spaces where such spaces are connected by
required volume. [NFPA 54:9.3.2]
one or more permanent openings in doors or floors hav-
506.2.1 Standard Method. The minimum required ing a total minimum free area of 2 square inches per 1000
volume shall be 50 cubic feet per 1000 British thermal Btu/h (0.004 m2/kW) of total input rating of all appli-
units per hour (Btu/h) (4.83 m3/kW). [NFPA 54:9.3.2.1] ances. [NFPA 54:9.3.2.3]
506.2.2 Known Air Infiltration Rate Method.
Where the air infiltration rate of a structure is known, the
minimum required volume shall be determined as fol-
lows [NFPA 54:9.3.2.2]:
(1) For appliances other than fan-assisted, calculate
using the following Equation 506.2.2(1). [NFPA
54:9.3.2.2(1)]

[Equation 506.2.2(1)]

Required Volumeother ≥
21 ft3
ACH ( I other
1000 Btu/h )
(2) For fan-assisted appliances, calculate using the fol-
lowing Equation 506.2.2(2). [NFPA 54:9.3.2.2(2)]

[Equation 506.2.2(2)]

Required Volumefan ≥
15 ft3
ACH ( I fan
1000 Btu/h ) FIGURE 506.3
ALL COMBUSTION AIR FROM ADJACENT INDOOR SPACES
Where: THROUGH INDOOR COMBUSTION AIR OPENINGS
Iother = All appliances other than fan-assisted input [NFPA 54: FIGURE A.9.3.2.3(1)]
in (Btu/h)
Ifan = Fan-assisted appliance input in (Btu/h)
506.4 Outdoor Combustion Air. Outdoor combustion air
ACH = Air change per hour (percent of volume of shall be provided through opening(s) to the outdoors in accor-
space exchanged per hour, expressed as a
dance with the methods in Section 506.4.1 or Section 506.4.2.
decimal)
The minimum dimension of air openings shall not be less than
For SI units: 1 cubic foot = 0.0283 m3, 1000 British thermal units
3 inches (76 mm). [NFPA 54:9.3.3]
per hour = 0.293 kW
506.4.1 Two Permanent Openings Method. Two
permanent openings, one commencing within 12 inches
(3) For purposes of these calculations, an infiltration (305 mm) of the top of the enclosure and one commenc-
rate greater than 0.60 ACH shall not be used in the
ing within 12 inches (305 mm) of the bottom of the enclo-
equations in Section 506.2.2(1) and Section
506.2.2(2). [NFPA 54:9.3.2.2(3)] sure, shall be provided. The openings shall communicate
directly, or by ducts, with the outdoors or spaces that
506.3 Indoor Opening Size and Location. Openings
freely communicate with the outdoors, as follows:
used to connect indoor spaces shall be sized and located in
accordance with the following: (1) Where directly communicating with the outdoors or
(1) Combining spaces on the same story. Each opening shall where communicating to the outdoors through verti-
have a minimum free area of 1 square inch per 1000 cal ducts, each opening shall have a minimum free
Btu/h (0.002 m2/kW) of the total input rating of all appli- area of 1 square inch per 4000 Btu/h (0.0005 m2/kW)
ances in the space but not less than 100 square inches of total input rating of all appliances in the enclosure.
(0.065 m2). One permanent opening shall commence [See Figure 506.4.1(1) and Figure 506.4.1(2)]

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 85

WATER HEATERS

FIGURE 506.4.1(1) FIGURE 506.4.1(3)

ALL COMBUSTION AIR FROM OUTDOORS – ALL COMBUSTION AIR FROM
INLET AIR FROM VENTILATED CRAWL SPACE AND OUTDOORS THROUGH HORIZONTAL DUCTS
OUTLET AIR TO VENTILATED ATTIC [NFPA 54: FIGURE A.9.3.3.1(2)]
[NFPA 54: FIGURE A.9.3.3.1(1)(a)]

WATER HEATERS

509.5 Masonry, Metal, and Factory-Built Chimneys. are listed and labeled for use with the specific fac-
Chimneys shall be installed in accordance with Section tory-built chimney system and are installed in accor-
509.5.1 through Section 509.5.3. dance with the manufacturer’s installation
509.5.1 Factory-Built Chimneys. Factory-built chim- instructions. [NFPA 54:12.6.2.4]
neys shall be listed in accordance with UL 103, UL 959, or 509.5.5 Size of Chimneys. The effective area of a
UL 2561. Factory-built chimneys shall be installed in chimney venting system serving listed appliances with
accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instruc- draft hoods, Category I appliances, and other appliances
tions. Factory-built chimneys used to vent appliances that listed for use with Type B vents shall be in accordance
operate at positive vent pressure shall be listed for such with one of the following methods:
application. [NFPA 54:12.6.1.1]
(1) Those listed in Section 510.0.
509.5.1.1 Decorative Shrouds. Decorative
(2) For sizing an individual chimney venting system for
shrouds addressed in Section 509.5.4.3 shall com-
a single appliance with a draft hood, the effective
ply with UL 103 for factory -built residential chim-
areas of the vent connector and chimney flue shall
neys.
be not less than the area of the appliance flue collar
509.5.2 Metal Chimneys. Metal chimneys shall be or draft hood outlet or greater than seven times the
built and installed in accordance with NFPA 211. [NFPA draft hood outlet area.
54:12.6.1.2]
(3) For sizing a chimney venting system connected to
509.5.3 Masonry Chimneys. Masonry chimneys two appliances with draft hoods, the effective area of
shall be built and installed in accordance with NFPA 211 the chimney flue shall be not less than the area of
and lined with one of the following: the larger draft hood outlet plus 50 percent of the
(1) Approved clay flue lining area of the smaller draft hood outlet or greater than
(2) A chimney lining system listed and labeled in accor- seven times the smaller draft hood outlet area.
dance with UL 1777 (4) Chimney venting systems using mechanical draft
(3) Other approved material that resists corrosion, ero- shall be sized in accordance with approved engi-
sion, softening, or cracking from vent gases at tem- neering methods.
peratures up to 1800°F (982°C) (5) Other approved engineering methods. [NFPA
Exception: Masonry chimney flues lined with a chim- 54:12.6.3.1]
ney lining system specifically listed for use with listed 509.5.6 Inspection of Chimneys. Before replacing an
appliances with draft hoods, Category I appliances, and existing appliance or connecting a vent connector to a
other appliances listed for use with Type B vents shall chimney, the chimney passageway shall be examined to
be permitted. The liner shall be installed in accordance ascertain that it is clear and free of obstructions and shall
with the liner manufacturer’s installation instructions. A be cleaned if previously used for venting solid or liquid
permanent identifying label shall be attached at the point fuel-burning appliances or fireplaces. [NFPA 54:12.6.4.1]
where the connection is to be made to the liner. The label 509.5.6.1 Standard. Chimneys shall be lined in
shall read “This chimney liner is for appliances that burn accordance with NFPA 211.
gas only. Do not connect to solid or liquid fuel-burning
Exception: Existing chimneys shall be permitted to
appliances or incinerators.” [NFPA 54:12.6.1.3] have their use continued when an appliance is
509.5.4 Termination. A chimney for residential-type replaced by an appliance of similar type, input rat-
or low-heat appliances shall extend at least 3 feet (914 ing, and efficiency, where the chimney complies
mm) above the highest point where it passes through a with Section 509.5.6 through Section 509.5.6.3 and
roof of a building and at least 2 feet (610 mm) higher the sizing of the chimney is in accordance with Sec-
than any portion of a building within a horizontal dis- tion 509.5.5. [NFPA 54:12.6.4.2]
tance of 10 feet (3048 mm). [NFPA 54:12.6.2.1] (See 509.5.6.2 Cleanouts. Cleanouts shall be exam-
Figure 509.5.4) ined and where they do not remain tightly closed
509.5.4.1 Medium-Heat Gas Appliances. A when not in use they shall be repaired or replaced.
chimney for medium-heat appliances shall extend at [NFPA 54:12.6.4.3]
least 10 feet (3048 mm) higher than any portion of 509.5.6.3 Existing Chimney. When inspection
any building within 25 feet (7620 mm). [NFPA reveals that an existing chimney is not safe for the
54:12.6.2.2] intended application, it shall be repaired, rebuilt,
509.5.4.2 Chimney Height. A chimney shall lined, relined, or replaced with a vent or chimney to
extend at least 5 feet (1524 mm) above the highest conform to NFPA 211 and shall be suitable for the
connected appliance draft hood outlet or flue collar. appliances to be attached. [NFPA 54:12.6.4.4]
[NFPA 54:12.6.2.3] 509.5.7 Chimney Serving Appliances Burning
509.5.4.3 Decorative Shrouds. Decorative Other Fuels. An appliance shall not be connected to a
shrouds shall not be installed at the termination of chimney flue serving a separate appliance designed to
factory-built chimneys except where such shrouds burn solid fuel. [NFPA 54:12.6.5.1]

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 93

WATER HEATERS

509.5.7.1 Gas and Liquid Fuel-Burning Appli-

ances. Where one chimney serves gas appliances
and liquid fuel-burning appliances, the appliances
shall be connected through separate openings or
connected through a single opening where joined by
a suitable fitting located as close as practical to the
chimney. Where two or more openings are provided
into one chimney flue, they shall be at different lev-
els. Where the gas appliance is automatically con-
trolled, it shall be equipped with a safety shutoff
device. [NFPA 54:12.6.5.2]
509.5.7.2 Gas and Solid Fuel-Burning Appli-
ances. A listed combination gas- and solid-fuel-
burning appliance connected to a single chimney
flue shall be equipped with a manual reset device to
shut off gas to the main burner in the event of sus-
tained backdraft or flue gas spillage. The chimney
flue shall be sized to properly vent the appliance.
[NFPA 54:12.6.5.3]
509.5.7.3 Combination Gas- and Oil-Burning
Appliances. A single chimney flue serving a listed
combination gas- and oil-burning appliance shall be
sized in accordance with the appliance manufac-
turer’s instructions. [NFPA 54:12.6.5.4]
509.5.8 Support of Chimneys. All portions of chim-
neys shall be supported for the design and weight of the
materials employed. Listed factory-built chimneys shall
be supported and spaced in accordance with the manu-
facturer’s installation instructions. [NFPA 54:12.6.6]
509.5.9 Cleanouts. Where a chimney that formerly car-
ried flue products from liquid or solid fuel-burning appli-
ances is used with an appliance using fuel gas, an accessible
cleanout shall be provided. The cleanout shall have a tight-
fitting cover and be installed so its upper edge is at least 6
inches (152 mm) below the lower edge of the lowest chim-
ney inlet opening. [NFPA 54:12.6.7]
509.5.10 Space Surrounding Lining or Vent. The
remaining space surrounding a chimney liner, gas vent,
special gas vent, or plastic piping installed within a
masonry chimney shall not be used to vent another appli-
ance.
Exception: The insertion of another liner or vent within
the chimney as provided in this code and the liner or vent
manufacturer’s instructions. [NFPA 54:12.6.8.1]
509.5.10.1 Combustion Air. The remaining
space surrounding a chimney liner, gas vent, special
gas vent, or plastic piping installed within a
masonry, metal, or factory-built chimney flue shall
not be used to supply combustion air.
Exception: Direct-vent appliances designed for
installation in a solid fuel-burning fireplace where
installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s
For SI units: 1 foot = 304.8 mm installation instructions. [NFPA 54:12.6.8.2]
FIGURE 509.5.4 509.6 Gas Vents. The installation of gas vents shall meet
TYPICAL TERMINATION LOCATIONS FOR CHIMNEYS AND
SINGLE-WALL METAL PIPES SERVING RESIDENTIAL-TYPE
the following requirements:
AND LOW-HEAT APPLIANCE (1) Gas vents shall be installed in accordance with the man-
[NFPA: 54: FIGURE A.12.6.2.1] ufacturer’s installation instructions.

94 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

WATER HEATERS

(2) A Type B-W gas vent shall have a listed capacity not less and are installed in accordance with the manufac-
than that of the listed vented wall furnace to which it is turer’s installation instructions.
connected.
(3) Gas vents installed within masonry chimneys shall be
(6) All gas vents shall extend through the roof flashing,
roof jack, or roof thimble and terminate with a listed
«
installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s installa- cap or listed roof assembly.
tion instructions. Gas vents installed within masonry
chimneys shall be identified with a permanent label
(7) A gas vent shall terminate at least 3 feet (914 mm)
above a forced air inlet located within 10 feet (3048
«
installed at the point where the vent enters the chimney. mm). [NFPA 54:12.7.3]
The label shall contain the following language: “This gas
vent is for appliances that burn gas. Do not connect to
solid or liquid fuel–burning appliances or incinerators.”
(4) Screws, rivets, and other fasteners shall not penetrate the
inner wall of double-wall gas vents, except at the transi-
tion from the appliance draft hood outlet, flue collar, or
single-wall metal connector to a double-wall vent.
[NFPA 54:12.7.2]
509.6.1 Gas Vent Termination. The termination of
gas vents shall comply with the following requirements:
(1) A gas vent shall terminate in accordance with one
of the following:
(a) Gas vents that are 12 inches (300 mm) or less in
size and located not less than 8 feet (2438 mm)
from a vertical wall or similar obstruction shall
terminate above the roof in accordance with
Figure 509.6.1 and Table 509.6.1. FIGURE 509.6.1
(b) Gas vents that are over 12 inches (300 mm) in TERMINATION LOCATIONS FOR GAS
size or are located less than 8 feet (2438 mm) VENTS WITH LISTED CAPS 12 INCHES OR LESS IN SIZE
from a vertical wall or similar obstruction shall AT LEAST 8 FEET FROM A VERTICAL WALL
terminate not less than 2 feet (610 mm) above [NFPA 54: FIGURE 12.7.3]
the highest point where they pass through the
roof and not less than 2 feet (610 mm) above
TABLE 509.6.1
any portion of a building within 10 feet (3048 ROOF SLOPE HEIGHTS
mm) horizontally. [NFPA 54: TABLE 12.7.3]
(c) Industrial appliances as provided in Section ROOF SLOPE H (minimum) (feet)
509.2.5.
Flat to ⁄ 6 12 1.0
(d) Direct-vent systems as provided in Section Over 6⁄12 to 7⁄12 1.25
509.2.6.
Over 7⁄12 to 8⁄12 1.5
(e) Appliances with integral vents as provided in Over 8⁄12 to 9⁄12 2.0
Section 509.2.7.
Over 9⁄12 to 10⁄12 2.5
(f) Mechanical draft systems as provided in Sec-
Over 10⁄12 to 11⁄12 3.25
tion 509.3.3 through Section 509.3.3.5.
Over 11⁄12 to 12⁄12 4.0
(g) Ventilating hoods and exhaust systems as pro-
Over 12⁄12 to 14⁄12 5.0
vided in Section 509.3.4.
» (2) A Type B or a Type L gas vent shall terminate at least
5 feet (1524 mm) in vertical height above the highest
Over 14⁄12 to 16⁄12
Over 16⁄12 to 18⁄12
6.0
7.0
connected appliance draft hood or flue collar. Over 18⁄12 to 20⁄12 7.5

» (3) A Type B-W gas vent shall terminate at least 12 feet

(3658 mm) in vertical height above the bottom of
Over 20⁄12 to 21⁄12
For SI Units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm
8.0

the wall furnace.

» (4) A gas vent extending through an exterior wall shall
not terminate adjacent to the wall or below eaves or
509.6.1.1 Insulation Shield. Where a vent passes
through an insulated assembly, an approved metal
«
parapets, except as provided in Section 509.2.6 and shield shall be installed between the vent and insu-
Section 509.3.3 through Section 509.3.3.5. lation. The shield shall extend not less than 2 inches
» (5) Decorative shrouds shall not be installed at the ter-
mination of gas vents except where such shrouds are
(51 mm) above the insulation and be secured to the
structure in accordance with the manufacturer’s
listed for use with the specific gas venting system installation instructions.

thimble shall be a minimum of 12 inches (300
mm) larger in diameter than the metal pipe.
Exception: In lieu of thimble protection, all com-
bustible material in the wall shall be removed a suffi-
cient distance from the metal pipe to provide the
specified clearance from such metal pipe to com-
bustible material. Any material used to close up such
opening shall be noncombustible. [NFPA 54:12.8.4.6]
509.7.3.6 Roof Thimble. Where a single-wall
metal pipe passes through a roof constructed of com-
bustible material, a noncombustible, nonventilating
thimble shall be used at the point of passage. The
thimble shall extend at least 18 inches (457 mm)
above and 6 inches (152 mm) below the roof with
the annular space open at the bottom and closed only
at the top. The thimble shall be sized in accordance
with Section 509.7.3.5. [NFPA 54:12.8.4.5]
509.7.4 Size of Single-Wall Metal Pipe. Single-wall
metal piping shall comply with the following require-
ments:
(1) A venting system of a single-wall metal pipe shall be
sized in accordance with one of the following meth-
«
ods and the appliance manufacturer’s instructions:
(a) For a draft hood-equipped appliance, in accor-
dance with Section 510.0.
(b) For a venting system for a single appliance with
For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm a draft hood, the areas of the connector and the
Note: Masonry walls shall be attached to combustible walls using wall ties. pipe each shall not be less than the area of the
Spacers shall not be used directly behind appliance or connector. appliance flue collar or draft hood outlet,
whichever is smaller. The vent area shall not be
FIGURE 509.7.3.4(2) greater than seven times the draft hood outlet
WALL PROTECTOR CLEARANCE REDUCTION SYSTEM
area.
[NFPA 54: FIGURE 10.3.2.3(b)]
(c) Other approved engineering methods.

98 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

WATER HEATERS

TABLE 509.7.3.4(2)
REDUCTION OF CLEARANCES WITH SPECIFIED FORMS OF PROTECTION1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
[NFPA 54: TABLE 10.2.3]
WHERE THE REQUIRED CLEARANCE WITH NO PROTECTION FROM
TYPE OF PROTECTION APPLIED TO APPLIANCE, VENT CONNECTOR, OR SINGLE-WALL METAL PIPE IS:
AND COVERING ALL SURFACES OF 36 (inches) 18 (inches) 12 (inches) 9 (inches) 6 (inches)
COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL WITHIN ALLOWABLE CLEARANCES WITH SPECIFIED PROTECTION (inches)
THE DISTANCE SPECIFIED AS THE USE COLUMN 1 FOR CLEARANCES ABOVE APPLIANCE OR HORIZONTAL CONNECTOR. USE COLUMN 2
REQUIRED CLEARANCE WITH NO FOR CLEARANCES FROM APPLIANCES, VERTICAL CONNECTOR, AND SINGLE-WALL METAL PIPE.
PROTECTION [SEE FIGURE SIDES SIDES SIDES SIDES SIDES
ABOVE AND ABOVE AND ABOVE AND ABOVE AND ABOVE AND
509.7.3.4(1) THROUGH FIGURE
COLUMN REAR COLUMN REAR COLUMN REAR COLUMN REAR COLUMN REAR
509.7.3.4(3)] 1 COLUMN 1 COLUMN 1 COLUMN 1 COLUMN 1 COLUMN
2 2 2 2 2
(1) 31⁄2 inch thick masonry wall
–– 24 –– 12 –– 9 –– 6 –– 5
without ventilated air space
(2) 1⁄2 of an inch insulation board
over 1 inch glass fiber or min- 24 18 12 9 9 6 6 5 4 3
eral wool batts
(3) 0.024 inch (nominal 24 gauge)
sheet metal over 1 inch glass
fiber or mineral wool batts 18 12 9 6 6 4 5 3 3 3
reinforced with wire on rear
face with ventilated air space
(4) 31⁄2 inch thick masonry wall
–– 12 –– 6 –– 6 –– 6 –– 6
with ventilated air space
(5) 0.024 inch (nominal 24 gauge)
sheet metal with ventilated air 18 12 9 6 6 4 5 3 3 2
space
(6) 1⁄2 of an inch thick insulation
18 12 9 6 6 4 5 3 3 3
board with ventilated air space
(7) 0.024 inch (nominal 24 gauge)
sheet metal with ventilated air
space over 0.024 inch (nomi- 18 12 9 6 6 4 5 3 3 3
nal 24 gauge) sheet metal with
ventilated air space
(8) 1 inch glass fiber or mineral
wool batts sandwiched
between two sheets 0.024 inch 18 12 9 6 6 4 5 3 3 3
(nominal 24 gauge) sheet
metal with ventilated air space
For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, °C = (°F-32)/1.8
Notes:
1
Reduction of clearances from combustible materials shall not interfere with combustion air, draft hood clearance and relief, and accessibility of servicing.
2
All clearances shall be measured from the outer surface of the combustible material to the nearest point on the surface of the appliance, disregarding any inter-
vening protection applied to the combustible material.
3
Spacers and ties shall be of noncombustible material. No spacer or tie shall be used directly opposite the appliance or connector.
4
Where all clearance reduction systems use a ventilated air space, adequate provision for air circulation shall be provided as described. [See Figure 509.7.3.4(2)
and Figure 509.7.3.4(3)]
5
At least 1 inch (25.4 mm) shall be between clearance reduction systems and combustible walls and ceilings for reduction systems using a ventilated air space.
6
Where a wall protector is mounted on a single flat wall away from corners, it shall have a minimum 1 inch (25.4 mm) air gap. To provide adequate air cir-
culation, the bottom and top edges, or only the side and top edges, or edges shall be left open.
7
Mineral wool batts (blanket or board) shall have a minimum density of 8 pounds per cubic foot (lb/ft3) (128 kg/m3) and a minimum melting point of 1500°F
(816°C).
8
Insulation material used as part of a clearance reduction system shall have a thermal conductivity of 1 British thermal unit inch per hour square foot degree
Fahrenheit [Btu•in/(h•ft2•°F)] [0.1 W/(m•K)] or less.
9
At least 1 inch (25.4 mm) shall be between the appliance and the protector. In no case shall the clearance between the appliance and the combustible surface
be reduced below that allowed in this table.
10
All clearances and thicknesses are minimum; larger clearances and thicknesses are acceptable.
11
Listed single-wall connectors shall be installed in accordance with the terms of their listing and the manufacturer’s installation instructions.

WATER HEATERS

WATER HEATERS

TABLE 510.1.2(1)
TYPE B DOUBLE-WALL GAS VENT [NFPA 54: TABLE 13.1(a)] (continued)
NUMBER OF APPLIANCES: SINGLE
APPLIANCE TYPE: CATEGORY I
APPLIANCE VENT CONNECTION: CONNECTED DIRECTLY TO VENT
VENT DIAMETER – D (inch)
8 9 10 12 14
APPLIANCE INPUT RATING IN THOUSANDS OF BTU PER HOUR

HEIGHT LATERAL FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT
H L
(feet) (feet) Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max

6 0 0 698 370 0 897 470 0 1121 570 0 1645 850 0 2267 1170
2 53 425 285 63 543 370 75 675 455 103 982 650 138 1346 890
4 79 419 279 93 536 362 110 668 445 147 975 640 191 1338 880
6 93 413 273 110 530 354 128 661 435 171 967 630 219 1330 870
8 0 0 780 415 0 1006 537 0 1261 660 0 1858 970 0 2571 1320
2 50 483 322 60 619 418 71 770 515 98 1124 745 130 1543 1020
5 83 473 313 99 607 407 115 758 503 154 1110 733 199 1528 1010
8 99 463 303 117 596 396 137 746 490 180 1097 720 231 1514 1000
10 0 0 847 450 0 1096 585 0 1377 720 0 2036 1060 0 2825 1450
2 48 533 355 57 684 457 68 852 560 93 1244 850 124 1713 1130
5 81 522 346 95 671 446 112 839 547 149 1229 829 192 1696 1105
10 104 504 330 122 651 427 142 817 525 187 1204 795 238 1669 1080
15 0 0 970 525 0 1263 682 0 1596 840 0 2380 1240 0 3323 1720
2 45 633 414 53 815 544 63 1019 675 86 1495 985 114 2062 1350
5 76 620 403 90 800 529 105 1003 660 140 1476 967 182 2041 1327
10 99 600 386 116 777 507 135 977 635 177 1446 936 227 2009 1289
15 115 580 373 134 755 491 155 953 610 202 1418 905 257 1976 1250
20 0 0 1057 575 0 1384 752 0 1756 930 0 2637 1350 0 3701 1900
2 41 711 470 50 917 612 59 1150 755 81 1694 1100 107 2343 1520
5 73 697 460 86 902 599 101 1133 738 135 1674 1079 174 2320 1498
10 95 675 443 112 877 576 130 1105 710 172 1641 1045 220 2282 1460
15 111 654 427 129 853 557 150 1078 688 195 1609 1018 248 2245 1425
20 125 634 410 145 830 537 167 1052 665 217 1578 990 273 2210 1390
30 0 0 1173 650 0 1548 855 0 1977 1060 0 3004 1550 0 4252 2170
2 33 826 535 42 1072 700 54 1351 865 74 2004 1310 98 2786 1800
5 69 811 524 82 1055 688 96 1332 851 127 1981 1289 164 2759 1775
10 91 788 507 107 1028 668 125 1301 829 164 1944 1254 209 2716 1733
15 105 765 490 124 1002 648 143 1272 807 187 1908 1220 237 2674 1692
20 119 743 473 139 977 628 160 1243 784 207 1873 1185 260 2633 1650
30 149 702 444 171 929 594 195 1189 745 246 1807 1130 305 2555 1585
50 0 0 1297 708 0 1730 952 0 2231 1195 0 3441 1825 0 4934 2550
2 26 975 615 33 1276 813 41 1620 1010 66 2431 1513 86 3409 2125
5 65 960 605 77 1259 798 90 1600 996 118 2406 1495 151 3380 2102
10 86 935 589 101 1230 773 118 1567 972 154 2366 1466 196 3332 2064
15 100 911 572 117 1203 747 136 1536 948 177 2327 1437 222 3285 2026
20 113 888 556 131 1176 722 151 1505 924 195 2288 1408 244 3239 1987
30 141 844 522 161 1125 670 183 1446 876 232 2214 1349 287 3150 1910
100 0 0 1411 770 0 1908 1040 0 2491 1310 0 3925 2050 0 5729 2950
2 21 1155 700 25 1536 935 30 1975 1170 44 3027 1820 72 4313 2550
5 60 1141 692 71 1519 926 82 1955 1159 107 3002 1803 136 4282 2531
10 80 1118 679 94 1492 910 108 1923 1142 142 2961 1775 180 4231 2500
15 93 1095 666 109 1465 895 126 1892 1124 163 2920 1747 206 4182 2469
20 105 1073 653 122 1438 880 141 1861 1107 181 2880 1719 226 4133 2438
30 131 1029 627 149 1387 849 170 1802 1071 215 2803 1663 265 4037 2375
50 197 944 575 217 1288 787 241 1688 1000 292 2657 1550 350 3856 2250
For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 square inch = 0.000645 m2

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 111

WATER HEATERS

TABLE 510.1.2(1)
TYPE B DOUBLE-WALL GAS VENT [NFPA 54: TABLE 13.1(a)] (continued)
NUMBER OF APPLIANCES: SINGLE
APPLIANCE TYPE: CATEGORY I
APPLIANCE VENT CONNECTION: CONNECTED DIRECTLY TO VENT
VENT DIAMETER – D (inch)
16 18 20 22 24
APPLIANCE INPUT RATING IN THOUSANDS OF BTU PER HOUR

HEIGHT LATERAL FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT
H L
(feet) (feet) Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max

6 0 0 2983 1530 0 3802 1960 0 4721 2430 0 5737 2950 0 6853 3520
2 178 1769 1170 225 2250 1480 296 2782 1850 360 3377 2220 426 4030 2670
4 242 1761 1160 300 2242 1475 390 2774 1835 469 3370 2215 555 4023 2660
6 276 1753 1150 341 2235 1470 437 2767 1820 523 3363 2210 618 4017 2650
8 0 0 3399 1740 0 4333 2220 0 5387 2750 0 6555 3360 0 7838 4010
2 168 2030 1340 212 2584 1700 278 3196 2110 336 3882 2560 401 4634 3050
5 251 2013 1330 311 2563 1685 398 3180 2090 476 3863 2545 562 4612 3040
8 289 2000 1320 354 2552 1670 450 3163 2070 537 3850 2530 630 4602 3030
10 0 0 3742 1925 0 4782 2450 0 5955 3050 0 7254 3710 0 8682 4450
2 161 2256 1480 202 2868 1890 264 3556 2340 319 4322 2840 378 5153 3390
5 243 2238 1461 300 2849 1871 382 3536 2318 458 4301 2818 540 5132 3371
10 298 2209 1430 364 2818 1840 459 3504 2280 546 4268 2780 641 5099 3340
15 0 0 4423 2270 0 5678 2900 0 7099 3620 0 8665 4410 0 10 393 5300
2 147 2719 1770 186 3467 2260 239 4304 2800 290 5232 3410 346 6251 4080
5 229 2696 1748 283 3442 2235 355 4278 2777 426 5204 3385 501 6222 4057
10 283 2659 1712 346 3402 2193 432 4234 2739 510 5159 3343 599 6175 4019
15 318 2623 1675 385 3363 2150 479 4192 2700 564 5115 3300 665 6129 3980
20 0 0 4948 2520 0 6376 3250 0 7988 4060 0 9785 4980 0 11 753 6000
2 139 3097 2000 175 3955 2570 220 4916 3200 269 5983 3910 321 7154 4700
5 219 3071 1978 270 3926 2544 337 4885 3174 403 5950 3880 475 7119 4662
10 273 3029 1940 334 3880 2500 413 4835 3130 489 5896 3830 573 7063 4600
15 306 2988 1910 372 3835 2465 459 4786 3090 541 5844 3795 631 7007 4575
20 335 2948 1880 404 3791 2430 495 4737 3050 585 5792 3760 689 6953 4550
30 0 0 5725 2920 0 7420 3770 0 9341 4750 0 11 483 5850 0 13 848 7060
2 127 3696 2380 159 4734 3050 199 5900 3810 241 7194 4650 285 8617 5600
5 206 3666 2350 252 4701 3020 312 5863 3783 373 7155 4622 439 8574 5552
10 259 3617 2300 316 4647 2970 386 5803 3739 456 7090 4574 535 8505 5471
15 292 3570 2250 354 4594 2920 431 5744 3695 507 7026 4527 590 8437 5391
20 319 3523 2200 384 4542 2870 467 5686 3650 548 6964 4480 639 8370 5310
30 369 3433 2130 440 4442 2785 540 5574 3565 635 6842 4375 739 8239 5225
50 0 0 6711 3440 0 8774 4460 0 11 129 5635 0 13 767 6940 0 16 694 8430
2 113 4554 2840 141 5864 3670 171 7339 4630 209 8980 5695 251 10 788 6860
5 191 4520 2813 234 5826 3639 283 7295 4597 336 8933 5654 394 10 737 6818
10 243 4464 2767 295 5763 3585 355 7224 4542 419 8855 5585 491 10 652 6749
15 274 4409 2721 330 5701 3534 396 7155 4511 465 8779 5546 542 10 570 6710
20 300 4356 2675 361 5641 3481 433 7086 4479 506 8704 5506 586 10 488 6670
30 347 4253 2631 412 5523 3431 494 6953 4421 577 8557 5444 672 10 328 6603
100 0 0 7914 4050 0 10 485 5300 0 13 454 6700 0 16 817 8600 0 20 578 10 300
2 95 5834 3500 120 7591 4600 138 9577 5800 169 11 803 7200 204 14 264 8800
5 172 5797 3475 208 7548 4566 245 9528 5769 293 11 748 7162 341 14 204 8756
10 223 5737 3434 268 7478 4509 318 9447 5717 374 11 658 7100 436 14 105 8683
15 252 5678 3392 304 7409 4451 358 9367 5665 418 11 569 7037 487 14 007 8610
20 277 5619 3351 330 7341 4394 387 9289 5613 452 11 482 6975 523 13 910 8537
30 319 5505 3267 378 7209 4279 446 9136 5509 514 11 310 6850 592 13 720 8391
50 415 5289 3100 486 6956 4050 572 8841 5300 659 10 979 6600 752 13 354 8100
For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 square inch = 0.000645 m2

112 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

WATER HEATERS

TABLE 510.1.2(2)
TYPE B DOUBLE-WALL GAS VENT [NFPA 54: TABLE 13.1(b)]*
NUMBER OF APPLIANCES: SINGLE
APPLIANCE TYPE: CATEGORY I
APPLIANCE VENT CONNECTION: SINGLE-WALL METAL CONNECTOR
VENT DIAMETER – D (inch)
3 4 5 6 7
APPLIANCE INPUT RATING IN THOUSANDS OF BTU PER HOUR

HEIGHT LATERAL FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT
H L
(feet) (feet) Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max

6 0 38 77 45 59 151 85 85 249 140 126 373 204 165 522 284

2 39 51 36 60 96 66 85 156 104 123 231 156 159 320 213
4 NA NA 33 74 92 63 102 152 102 146 225 152 187 313 208
6 NA NA 31 83 89 60 114 147 99 163 220 148 207 307 203
8 0 37 83 50 58 164 93 83 273 154 123 412 234 161 580 319
2 39 56 39 59 108 75 83 176 119 121 261 179 155 363 246
5 NA NA 37 77 102 69 107 168 114 151 252 171 193 352 235
8 NA NA 33 90 95 64 122 161 107 175 243 163 223 342 225
10 0 37 87 53 57 174 99 82 293 165 120 444 254 158 628 344
2 39 61 41 59 117 80 82 193 128 119 287 194 153 400 272
5 52 56 39 76 111 76 105 185 122 148 277 186 190 388 261
10 NA NA 34 97 100 68 132 171 112 188 261 171 237 369 241
15 0 36 93 57 56 190 111 80 325 186 116 499 283 153 713 388
2 38 69 47 57 136 93 80 225 149 115 337 224 148 473 314
5 51 63 44 75 128 86 102 216 140 144 326 217 182 459 298
10 NA NA 39 95 116 79 128 201 131 182 308 203 228 438 284
15 NA NA NA NA NA 72 158 186 124 220 290 192 272 418 269
20 0 35 96 60 54 200 118 78 346 201 114 537 306 149 772 428
2 37 74 50 56 148 99 78 248 165 113 375 248 144 528 344
5 50 68 47 73 140 94 100 239 158 141 363 239 178 514 334
10 NA NA 41 93 129 86 125 223 146 177 344 224 222 491 316
15 NA NA NA NA NA 80 155 208 136 216 325 210 264 469 301
20 NA NA NA NA NA NA 186 192 126 254 306 196 309 448 285
30 0 34 99 63 53 211 127 76 372 219 110 584 334 144 849 472
2 37 80 56 55 164 111 76 281 183 109 429 279 139 610 392
5 49 74 52 72 157 106 98 271 173 136 417 271 171 595 382
10 NA NA NA 91 144 98 122 255 168 171 397 257 213 570 367
15 NA NA NA 115 131 NA 151 239 157 208 377 242 255 547 349
20 NA NA NA NA NA NA 181 223 NA 246 357 228 298 524 333
30 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 389 477 305
50 0 33 99 66 51 213 133 73 394 230 105 629 361 138 928 515
2 36 84 61 53 181 121 73 318 205 104 495 312 133 712 443
5 48 80 NA 70 174 117 94 308 198 131 482 305 164 696 435
10 NA NA NA 89 160 NA 118 292 186 162 461 292 203 671 420
15 NA NA NA 112 148 NA 145 275 174 199 441 280 244 646 405
20 NA NA NA NA NA NA 176 257 NA 236 420 267 285 622 389
30 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 315 376 NA 373 573 NA
100 0 NA NA NA 49 214 NA 69 403 NA 100 659 395 131 991 555
2 NA NA NA 51 192 NA 70 351 NA 98 563 373 125 828 508
5 NA NA NA 67 186 NA 90 342 NA 125 551 366 156 813 501
10 NA NA NA 85 175 NA 113 324 NA 153 532 354 191 789 486
15 NA NA NA 132 162 NA 138 310 NA 188 511 343 230 764 473
20 NA NA NA NA NA NA 168 295 NA 224 487 NA 270 739 458
30 NA NA NA NA NA NA 231 264 NA 301 448 NA 355 685 NA
50 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 540 584 NA
For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 square inch = 0.000645 m2
* NA: Not applicable.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 113

Minimum
internal area of
12 19 28 38 50
chimney
(square inches)

Maximum
internal area of
Seven times the listed appliance categorized vent area, flue collar area, or draft hood outlet areas.
chimney
(square inches)

For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 square inch = 0.000645 m2
* NA: Not applicable.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 117

WATER HEATERS

TABLE 510.1.2(4)
MASONRY CHIMNEY [NFPA 54: TABLE 13.1(d)] (continued)*
NUMBER OF APPLIANCES: SINGLE
APPLIANCE TYPE: CATEGORY I
APPLIANCE VENT CONNECTION: SINGLE-WALL METAL CONNECTOR

SINGLE-WALL METAL CONNECTOR DIAMETER – D (inch)

TO BE USED WITH CHIMNEY AREAS WITHIN THE SIZE LIMITS AT BOTTOM

8 9 10 12
APPLIANCE INPUT RATING IN THOUSANDS OF BTU PER HOUR

HEIGHT LATERAL FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT
H L
(feet) (feet) Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max

6 2 NA NA 247 NA NA 319 NA NA 400 NA NA 580

5 NA NA 230 NA NA 297 NA NA 375 NA NA 560
8 2 NA NA 265 NA NA 349 382 725 445 549 1021 650
5 NA NA 246 NA NA 327 NA NA 422 673 1003 638
8 NA NA 237 NA NA 317 NA NA 408 747 985 621
10 2 216 518 297 271 654 387 373 808 490 536 1142 722
5 NA NA 276 334 635 364 459 789 465 657 1121 710
10 NA NA 261 NA NA 345 547 758 441 771 1088 665
15 2 211 611 335 264 776 440 362 965 560 520 1373 840
5 261 591 312 325 755 414 444 942 531 637 1348 825
10 NA NA 294 392 722 392 531 907 504 749 1309 774
15 NA NA 278 452 692 372 606 873 481 841 1272 738
20 2 206 675 374 258 864 490 252 1079 625 508 1544 950
5 255 655 348 317 842 461 433 1055 594 623 1518 930
10 312 622 330 382 806 437 517 1016 562 733 1475 875
15 NA NA 311 442 773 414 591 979 539 823 1434 835
20 NA NA 292 NA NA 392 663 944 510 911 1394 800
30 2 200 759 420 249 982 556 340 1237 715 489 1789 1110
5 245 737 391 306 958 524 417 1210 680 600 1760 1090
10 300 703 370 370 920 496 500 1168 644 708 1713 1020
15 NA NA 349 428 884 471 572 1128 615 798 1668 975
20 NA NA 327 NA NA 445 643 1089 585 883 1624 932
30 NA NA 281 NA NA 408 NA NA 544 1055 1539 865
50 2 191 837 475 238 1103 631 323 1408 810 463 2076 1240
5 NA NA 442 293 1078 593 398 1381 770 571 2044 1220
10 NA NA 420 355 1038 562 447 1337 728 674 1994 1140
15 NA NA 395 NA NA 533 546 1294 695 761 1945 1090
20 NA NA 370 NA NA 504 616 1251 660 844 1898 1040
30 NA NA 318 NA NA 458 NA NA 610 1009 1805 970

Minimum
internal area of
63 78 95 132
chimney
(square inches)

Maximum
internal area of
Seven times the listed appliance categorized vent area, flue collar area, or draft hood outlet areas.
chimney
(square inches)

For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 square inch = 0.000645 m2
* NA: Not applicable.

118 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

WATER HEATERS

TABLE 510.1.2(5)
SINGLE-WALL METAL PIPE OR TYPE B ASBESTOS-CEMENT VENT [NFPA 54: TABLE 13.1(e)]*
NUMBER OF APPLIANCES: SINGLE
APPLIANCE TYPE: DRAFT HOOD-EQUIPPED
APPLIANCE VENT CONNECTION: CONNECTED DIRECTLY TO PIPE OR VENT

DIAMETER – D (inch)
TO BE USED WITH CHIMNEY AREAS WITHIN THE SIZE LIMITS AT BOTTOM

3 4 5 6 7 8 10 12
HEIGHT LATERAL APPLIANCE INPUT RATING IN THOUSANDS OF BTU PER HOUR
H L
(feet) (feet) MAXIMUM APPLIANCE INPUT RATING IN THOUSANDS OF BTU PER HOUR

6 0 39 70 116 170 232 312 500 750

2 31 55 94 141 194 260 415 620
5 28 51 88 128 177 242 390 600
8 0 42 76 126 185 252 340 542 815
2 32 61 102 154 210 284 451 680
5 29 56 95 141 194 264 430 648
10 24 49 86 131 180 250 406 625
10 0 45 84 138 202 279 372 606 912
2 35 67 111 168 233 311 505 760
5 32 61 104 153 215 289 480 724
10 27 54 94 143 200 274 455 700
15 NA 46 84 130 186 258 432 666
15 0 49 91 151 223 312 420 684 1040
2 39 72 122 186 260 350 570 865
5 35 67 110 170 240 325 540 825
10 30 58 103 158 223 308 514 795
15 NA 50 93 144 207 291 488 760
20 NA NA 82 132 195 273 466 726
20 0 53 101 163 252 342 470 770 1190
2 42 80 136 210 286 392 641 990
5 38 74 123 192 264 364 610 945
10 32 65 115 178 246 345 571 910
15 NA 55 104 163 228 326 550 870
20 NA NA 91 149 214 306 525 832
30 0 56 108 183 276 384 529 878 1370
2 44 84 148 230 320 441 730 1140
5 NA 78 137 210 296 410 694 1080
10 NA 68 125 196 274 388 656 1050
15 NA NA 113 177 258 366 625 1000
20 NA NA 99 163 240 344 596 960
30 NA NA NA NA 192 295 540 890
50 0 NA 120 210 310 443 590 980 1550
2 NA 95 171 260 370 492 820 1290
5 NA NA 159 234 342 474 780 1230
10 NA NA 146 221 318 456 730 1190
15 NA NA NA 200 292 407 705 1130
20 NA NA NA 185 276 384 670 1080
30 NA NA NA NA 222 330 605 1010
For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 square inch = 0.000645 m2
* NA: Not applicable.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 119

WATER HEATERS

TABLE 510.1.2(6)
EXTERIOR MASONRY CHIMNEY [NFPA 54: TABLE 13.1(f)]1, 2
NUMBER OF APPLIANCES: SINGLE
APPLIANCE TYPE: NAT
APPLIANCE VENT CONNECTION: TYPE B DOUBLE-WALL CONNECTOR
MINIMUM ALLOWABLE INPUT RATING OF SPACE-HEATING APPLIANCE IN THOUSANDS OF BTU PER HOUR

VENT HEIGHT INTERNAL AREA OF CHIMNEY (square inches)

H
(feet) 12 19 28 38 50 63 78 113

Local 99% winter design temperature: 37°F or greater

6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
15 NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20 NA NA 123 190 249 184 0 0
30 NA NA NA NA NA 393 334 0
50 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 579
Local 99% winter design temperature: 27°F to 36°F
6 0 0 68 116 156 180 212 266
8 0 0 82 127 167 187 214 263
10 0 51 97 141 183 201 225 265
15 NA NA NA NA 233 253 274 305
20 NA NA NA NA NA 307 330 362
30 NA NA NA NA NA 419 445 485
50 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 763
Local 99% winter design temperature: 17°F to 26°F
6 NA NA NA NA NA 215 259 349
8 NA NA NA NA 197 226 264 352
10 NA NA NA NA 214 245 278 358
15 NA NA NA NA NA 296 331 398
20 NA NA NA NA NA 352 387 457
30 NA NA NA NA NA NA 507 581
50 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Local 99% winter design temperature: 5°F to 16°F
6 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 416
8 NA NA NA NA NA NA 312 423
10 NA NA NA NA NA 289 331 430
15 NA NA NA NA NA NA 393 485
20 NA NA NA NA NA NA 450 547
30 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 682
50 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 972
Local 99% winter design temperature: -10°F to 4°F
6 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 484
8 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 494
10 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 513
15 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 586
20 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 650
30 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 805
50 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1003
Local 99% winter design temperature: -11°F or lower
Not recommended for any vent configurations
For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 square inch = 0.000645 m2, °C = (°F-32)/1.8
Notes:
1
See Figure 510.1.10 for a map showing local 99 percent winter design temperatures in the United States.
2
NA: Not applicable.

120 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

WATER HEATERS

WATER HEATERS

TABLE 510.2(2)
TYPE B DOUBLE-WALL VENT [NFPA 54: TABLE 13.2(b)]*
NUMBER OF APPLIANCES: TWO OR MORE
APPLIANCE TYPE: CATEGORY I
APPLIANCE VENT CONNECTION: SINGLE-WALL METAL CONNECTOR
VENT CONNECTOR CAPACITY
SINGLE-WALL METAL VENT CONNECTOR DIAMETER – D (inch)
3 4 5 6 7
APPLIANCE INPUT RATING LIMITS IN THOUSANDS OF BTU PER HOUR
VENT CONNECTOR FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT
HEIGHT RISE
H R
Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max
(feet) (feet)
6 1 NA NA 26 NA NA 46 NA NA 71 NA NA 102 207 223 140
2 NA NA 31 NA NA 55 NA NA 85 168 182 123 215 251 167
3 NA NA 34 NA NA 62 121 131 95 175 198 138 222 273 188
8 1 NA NA 27 NA NA 48 NA NA 75 NA NA 106 226 240 145
2 NA NA 32 NA NA 57 125 126 89 184 193 127 234 266 173
3 NA NA 35 NA NA 64 130 138 100 191 208 144 241 287 197
10 1 NA NA 28 NA NA 50 119 121 77 182 186 110 240 253 150
2 NA NA 33 84 85 59 124 134 91 189 203 132 248 278 183
3 NA NA 36 89 91 67 129 144 102 197 217 148 257 299 203
15 1 NA NA 29 79 87 52 116 138 81 177 214 116 238 291 158
2 NA NA 34 83 94 62 121 150 97 185 230 138 246 314 189
3 NA NA 39 87 100 70 127 160 109 193 243 157 255 333 215
20 1 49 56 30 78 97 54 115 152 84 175 238 120 233 325 165
2 52 59 36 82 103 64 120 163 101 182 252 144 243 346 197
3 55 62 40 87 107 72 125 172 113 190 264 164 252 363 223
30 1 47 60 31 77 110 57 112 175 89 169 278 129 226 380 175
2 51 62 37 81 115 67 117 185 106 177 290 152 236 397 208
3 54 64 42 85 119 76 122 193 120 185 300 172 244 412 235
50 1 46 69 34 75 128 60 109 207 96 162 336 137 217 460 188
2 49 71 40 79 132 72 114 215 113 170 345 164 226 473 223
3 52 72 45 83 136 82 119 221 123 178 353 186 235 486 252
100 1 45 79 34 71 150 61 104 249 98 153 424 140 205 585 192
2 48 80 41 75 153 73 110 255 115 160 428 167 212 593 228
3 51 81 46 79 157 85 114 260 129 168 433 190 222 603 256

COMMON VENT CAPACITY

TYPE B DOUBLE-WALL COMMON VENT DIAMETER – D (inch)
4 5 6 7
COMBINED APPLIANCE INPUT RATING IN THOUSANDS OF BTU PER HOUR
VENT
HEIGHT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT
H +FAN +NAT +NAT +FAN +NAT +NAT +FAN +NAT +NAT +FAN +NAT +NAT
(feet)
6 NA 78 64 NA 113 99 200 158 144 304 244 196
8 NA 87 71 NA 126 111 218 173 159 331 269 218
10 NA 94 76 163 137 120 237 189 174 357 292 236
15 121 108 88 189 159 140 275 221 200 416 343 274
20 131 118 98 208 177 156 305 247 223 463 383 302
30 145 132 113 236 202 180 350 286 257 533 446 349
50 159 145 128 268 233 208 406 337 296 622 529 410
100 166 153 NA 297 263 NA 469 398 NA 726 633 464

WATER HEATERS

TABLE 510.2(4)
MASONRY CHIMNEY [NFPA 54: TABLE 13.2(d)] (continued)*
NUMBER OF APPLIANCES: TWO OR MORE
APPLIANCE TYPE: CATEGORY I
APPLIANCE VENT CONNECTION: SINGLE-WALL METAL CONNECTOR
VENT CONNECTOR CAPACITY
SINGLE-WALL METAL VENT CONNECTOR DIAMETER – D (inch)
8 9 10
APPLIANCE INPUT RATING LIMITS IN THOUSANDS OF BTU PER HOUR
VENT CONNECTOR FAN NAT FAN NAT FAN NAT
HEIGHT RISE
H R
Min Max Max Min Max Max Min Max Max
(feet) (feet)
6 1 292 366 200 362 474 252 499 594 316
2 301 432 231 373 557 299 509 696 376
3 309 491 269 381 634 348 519 793 437
8 1 313 407 207 387 530 263 529 672 331
2 323 465 238 397 607 309 540 766 391
3 332 509 274 407 663 356 551 838 450
10 1 333 434 213 410 571 273 558 727 343
2 343 489 244 420 640 317 569 813 403
3 352 530 279 430 694 363 580 880 459
15 1 349 502 225 445 646 291 623 808 366
2 359 548 256 456 706 334 634 884 424
3 368 586 289 466 755 378 646 945 479
20 1 345 569 235 439 734 306 614 921 387
2 355 610 266 450 787 348 627 986 443
3 365 644 298 461 831 391 639 1042 496
30 1 338 665 250 430 864 330 600 1089 421
2 348 699 282 442 908 372 613 1145 473
3 358 729 312 452 946 412 626 1193 524
50 1 328 778 287 417 1022 383 582 1302 492
2 339 806 320 429 1058 425 596 1346 545
3 349 831 351 440 1090 466 610 1386 597
100 1 315 875 328 402 1181 444 560 1537 580
2 326 899 361 415 1210 488 575 1570 634
3 337 921 392 427 1238 529 589 1604 687

COMMON VENT CAPACITY

MINIMUM INTERNAL AREA OF MASONRY CHIMNEY FLUE (square inches)
63 78 113
COMBINED APPLIANCE INPUT RATING IN THOUSANDS OF BTU PER HOUR
VENT
HEIGHT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT FAN FAN NAT
H +FAN +NAT +NAT +FAN +NAT +NAT +FAN +NAT +NAT
(feet)
6 NA 455 187 NA 579 245 NA 846 NA
8 NA 497 217 NA 633 277 1136 928 405
10 NA 532 234 771 680 300 1216 1000 450
15 677 602 280 866 772 360 1359 1139 540
20 765 661 321 947 849 415 1495 1264 640
30 808 739 377 1052 957 490 1682 1447 740
50 NA 821 456 1152 1076 600 1879 1672 910
100 NA NA 494 NA NA 663 2006 1885 1046
For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 square inch = 0.000645 m2
* NA: Not applicable.

130 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

WATER HEATERS

TABLE 510.2(5)
SINGLE-WALL METAL PIPE OR TYPE B ASBESTOS-CEMENT VENT [NFPA 54: TABLE 13.2(e)]*
NUMBER OF APPLIANCES: TWO OR MORE
APPLIANCE TYPE: DRAFT HOOD-EQUIPMENT
APPLIANCE VENT CONNECTION: DIRECT TO PIPE OR VENT
VENT CONNECTOR CAPACITY
VENT CONNECTOR DIAMETER – D (inch)
TOTAL VENT CONNECTOR 3 4 5 6 7 8
HEIGHT RISE
H R MAXIMUM APPLIANCE INPUT RATING IN THOUSANDS OF BTU PER HOUR
(feet) (feet)
1 21 40 68 102 146 205
6-8 2 28 53 86 124 178 235
3 34 61 98 147 204 275
1 23 44 77 117 179 240
15 2 30 56 92 134 194 265
3 35 64 102 155 216 298
1 25 49 84 129 190 270
30
2 31 58 97 145 211 295
and up
3 36 68 107 164 232 321
COMMON VENT CAPACITY
COMMON VENT DIAMETER – D (inch)
TOTAL VENT 4 5 6 7 8 10 12
HEIGHT
H COMBINED APPLIANCE INPUT RATING IN THOUSANDS OF BTU PER HOUR
(feet)
6 48 78 111 155 205 320 NA
8 55 89 128 175 234 365 505
10 59 95 136 190 250 395 560
15 71 115 168 228 305 480 690
20 80 129 186 260 340 550 790
30 NA 147 215 300 400 650 940
50 NA NA NA 360 490 810 1190
For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 square inch = 0.000645 m2
* NA: Not applicable.

TABLE 510.2(6)
EXTERIOR MASONRY CHIMNEY [NFPA 54: TABLE 13.2(f)]*

NUMBER OF APPLIANCES: TWO OR MORE

APPLIANCE TYPE: NAT + NAT
APPLIANCE VENT CONNECTION: TYPE B DOUBLE-WALL CONNECTOR
COMBINED APPLIANCE MAXIMUM INPUT RATING IN THOUSANDS OF BTU PER HOUR

VENT HEIGHT INTERNAL AREA OF CHIMNEY (square inches)

H
(feet) 12 19 28 38 50 63 78 113
6 25 46 71 103 143 188 246 NA
8 28 53 82 119 163 218 278 408
10 31 56 90 131 177 236 302 454
15 NA 67 106 152 212 283 365 546
20 NA NA NA NA NA 325 419 648
30 NA NA NA NA NA NA 496 749
50 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 922
100 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 square inch = 0.000645 m2
* NA: Not applicable.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 131

WATER HEATERS

TABLE 510.2(7)
EXTERIOR MASONRY CHIMNEY [NFPA 54: TABLE 13.2(g)]1, 2
NUMBER OF APPLIANCES: TWO OR MORE
APPLIANCE TYPE: NAT + NAT
APPLIANCE VENT CONNECTION: TYPE B DOUBLE-WALL CONNECTOR
MINIMUM ALLOWABLE INPUT RATING OF SPACE-HEATING APPLIANCE IN THOUSANDS OF BTU PER HOUR

VENT HEIGHT INTERNAL AREA OF CHIMNEY (square inches)

H
(feet) 12 19 28 38 50 63 78 113

Local 99% winter design temperature: 37°F or greater

6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA
8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
15 NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20 NA NA NA NA NA 184 0 0
30 NA NA NA NA NA 393 334 0
50 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 579
100 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Local 99% winter design temperature: 27°F to 36°F
6 0 0 68 NA NA 180 212 NA
8 0 0 82 NA NA 187 214 263
10 0 51 NA NA NA 201 225 265
15 NA NA NA NA NA 253 274 305
20 NA NA NA NA NA 307 330 362
30 NA NA NA NA NA NA 445 485
50 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 763
100 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Local 99% winter design temperature: 17°F to 26°F
6 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
8 NA NA NA NA NA NA 264 352
10 NA NA NA NA NA NA 278 358
15 NA NA NA NA NA NA 331 398
20 NA NA NA NA NA NA 387 457
30 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 581
50 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 862
100 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Local 99% winter design temperature: 5°F to 16°F
6 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
8 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
10 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 430
15 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 485
20 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 547
30 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 682
50 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
100 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Local 99% winter design temperature: 4°F or lower
Not recommended for any vent configurations
For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 square inch = 0.000645 m2, °C = (°F-32)/1.8
Notes:
1
See Figure 510.1.10 for a map showing local 99 percent winter design temperatures in the United States.
2
NA: Not applicable.

132 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

WATER HEATERS

TABLE 510.2(8)
EXTERIOR MASONRY CHIMNEY [NFPA 54: TABLE 13.2(h)]*
NUMBER OF APPLIANCES: TWO OR MORE
APPLIANCE TYPE: FAN + NAT
APPLIANCE VENT CONNECTION: TYPE B DOUBLE-WALL CONNECTOR
COMBINED APPLIANCE MAXIMUM INPUT RATING IN THOUSANDS OF BTU PER HOUR
INTERNAL AREA OF CHIMNEY (square inches)
VENT HEIGHT
H
12 19 28 38 50 63 78 113
(feet)
6 74 119 178 257 351 458 582 853
8 80 130 193 279 384 501 636 937
10 84 138 207 299 409 538 686 1010
15 NA 152 233 334 467 611 781 1156
20 NA NA 250 368 508 668 858 1286
30 NA NA NA 404 564 747 969 1473
50 NA NA NA NA NA 831 1089 1692
100 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1921
For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 square inch = 0.000645 m2
* NA: Not applicable.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 133

WATER HEATERS

TABLE 510.2(9)
EXTERIOR MASONRY CHIMNEY [NFPA 54: TABLE 13.2(i)]1, 2
NUMBER OF APPLIANCES: TWO OR MORE
APPLIANCE TYPE: FAN + NAT
APPLIANCE VENT CONNECTION: TYPE B DOUBLE-WALL CONNECTOR
MINIMUM ALLOWABLE INPUT RATING OF SPACE-HEATING APPLIANCE IN THOUSANDS OF BTU PER HOUR
VENT HEIGHT INTERNAL AREA OF CHIMNEY (square inches)
H
(feet) 12 19 28 38 50 63 78 113

Local 99% winter design temperature: 37°F or greater

6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
15 NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20 NA NA 123 190 249 184 0 0
30 NA NA NA 334 398 393 334 0
50 NA NA NA NA NA 714 707 579
100 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1600
Local 99% winter design temperature: 27°F to 36°F
6 0 0 68 116 156 180 212 266
8 0 0 82 127 167 187 214 263
10 0 51 97 141 183 201 225 265
15 NA 111 142 183 233 253 274 305
20 NA NA 187 230 284 307 330 362
30 NA NA NA 330 319 419 445 485
50 NA NA NA NA NA 672 705 763
100 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1554
Local 99% winter design temperature: 17°F to 26°F
6 0 55 99 141 182 215 259 349
8 52 74 111 154 197 226 264 352
10 NA 90 125 169 214 245 278 358
15 NA NA 167 212 263 296 331 398
20 NA NA 212 258 316 352 387 457
30 NA NA NA 362 429 470 507 581
50 NA NA NA NA NA 723 766 862
100 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1669
Local 99% winter design temperature: 5°F to 16°F
6 NA 78 121 166 214 252 301 416
8 NA 94 135 182 230 269 312 423
10 NA 111 149 198 250 289 331 430
15 NA NA 193 247 305 346 393 485
20 NA NA NA 293 360 408 450 547
30 NA NA NA 377 450 531 580 682
50 NA NA NA NA NA 797 853 972
100 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1833
Local 99% winter design temperature: -10°F to 4°F
6 NA NA 145 196 249 296 349 484
8 NA NA 159 213 269 320 371 494
10 NA NA 175 231 292 339 397 513
15 NA NA NA 283 351 404 457 586
20 NA NA NA 333 408 468 528 650
30 NA NA NA NA NA 603 667 805
50 NA NA NA NA NA NA 955 1003
100 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Local 99% winter design temperature: -11°F or lower
Not recommended for any vent configurations
For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 square inch = 0.000645 m2, °C = (°F-32)/1.8
Notes:
1
See Figure 510.1.10 for a map showing local 99 percent winter design temperatures in the United States.
2
NA: Not applicable.

134 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
CHAPTER 6 - WATER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC

1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections X X X X X X X X X X X X
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
X X X X
that are listed below
Chapter/Section
Figure 601 X X
601.2 Exceptions 3 & 4 X X
601.2 & Exceptions X X
601.2.2 & Exemptions X
601.2.2.1 X
601.2.2.2 X
601.3.2 X X
601.3.3 X X
601.3.3 Exception X
601.4 X
601.5 X
601.6 X
601.7 X
601.8 X
603.5.11 X X
603.5.14, Note X X X
604.1 Exception X X X X X
Table 604.1 Notes X X X X X X X
604.1.1 X X
604.1.2 X X X X
604.13 X X X
605.2.2 X X
605.9 X X X X X X X X X X X X X
605.9.1 X X X X X X X X X X X X X
605.10 X X X X X
605.10.1 X
605.10.1.1 X
605.12.2 X X
605.15 X X X X X X X X X X
606.8 X X X X X X
607.1 X X
609.10 X X X X X X
609.11 † †
609.12.3 X

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 135

CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
CHAPTER 6 - WATER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION (continued)
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

TABLE 603.2
BACKFLOW PREVENTION DEVICES, ASSEMBLIES, AND METHODS
DEGREE OF HAZARD
POLLUTION CONTAMINATION
DEVICE, ASSEMBLY, APPLICABLE (LOW HAZARD) (HIGH HAZARD)
INSTALLATION2,3
OR METHOD1 STANDARDS BACK- BACK- BACK- BACK-
SIPHONAGE PRESSURE SIPHONAGE PRESSURE
Air gap ASME
X –– X –– See Table 603.3.1 in this chapter.
A112.1.2
Air gap fittings for use Air gap fitting is a device with an internal air
with plumbing fixtures, gap, and typical installation includes
appliances, and appurte- ASME
X –– X –– plumbing fixtures, appliances, and
nances A112.1.3
appurtenances. The critical level shall not be
installed below the flood level rim.
Atmospheric vacuum Upright position. No valve downstream.
breaker (consists of a ASSE 1001 or Minimum of 6 inches or listed distance
body, checking member X –– X ––
CSA B64.1.1 above all downstream piping and flood level
and atmospheric port) rim of receptor.4,5
Antisiphon fill valve ASSE 1002/ Installation of gravity water closet flush tank
(ballcocks) for gravity ASME and urinal tanks with the fill valve installed
water closet flush tanks X –– X ––
A112.1002/ with the critical level not less than 1 inch
and urinal tanks CSA B125.12 above the opening of the overflow pipe.4,5
Vacuum breaker wall Installation includes wall hydrants and hose
hydrants, hose bibbs, ASSE 1019 or bibbs. Such devices are not for use under con-
freeze resistant, auto- X –– X ––
CSA B64.2.1.1 tinuous pressure conditions (means of shutoff
matic draining type downstream of device is prohibited).4,5
Hose connection vacuum Such devices are not for use under
breakers ASSE 1011 X –– X –– continuous pressure conditions. No valve
downstream.4,6
Hose connection back- Such devices are not for use under
ASSE 1052 X –– X ––
flow preventers continuous pressure conditions.4,6
Dual check backflow Installation does not include carbonated
ASSE 1024 X X — —
preventer drink dispensers.
Dual check backflow
Such devices are not for use under
preventer wall hydrants, ASSE 1053 X –– X ––
continuous pressure conditions.4
freeze resistant
Freeze resistant sanitary Such devices are not for use under
ASSE 1057 X –– X ––
yard hydrants continuous pressure conditions.4
Backflow preventer with Installation of potable water connections to
intermediate atmospheric water boilers. No high-hazard chemicals
vent shall be introduced into the system using
ASSE 1012 X X — —
such devices. Designed to operate under con-
tinuous pressure conditions. May discharge
water.
Backflow preventer with Installation of potable water connections to
intermediate atmospheric water boilers. No high-hazard chemicals
vent and pressure reduc- shall be introduced into the system using
ing valve ASSE 1081 X X — —
such devices. Designed to operate under con-
tinuous pressure conditions. May discharge
water.
Backflow preventer for
Carbonated Beverage Installation includes carbonated beverage
Dispensers (two inde- machines or dispensers. These devices
pendent check valves ASSE 1022 X –– –– ––
operate under intermittent or continuous
with a vent to the atmos- pressure conditions.
phere)
Spill-Resistant Pressure
Vacuum Breaker (single Upright position. Minimum of 12 inches or
check valve with air inlet ASSE 1056 X –– X –– listed distance above all downstream piping
vent and means of field and flood-level rim of receptor.5
testing)

140 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

WATER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION

TABLE 603.2
BACKFLOW PREVENTION DEVICES, ASSEMBLIES, AND METHODS (continued)
DEGREE OF HAZARD
POLLUTION CONTAMINATION
DEVICE, ASSEMBLY, APPLICABLE (LOW HAZARD) (HIGH HAZARD)
INSTALLATION2,3
OR METHOD1 STANDARDS BACK- BACK- BACK- BACK-
SIPHONAGE PRESSURE SIPHONAGE PRESSURE
Double Check Valve Horizontal unless otherwise listed. Access
Backflow Prevention and clearance shall be in accordance with the
ASSE 1015;
Assembly (two inde- manufacturer’s instructions, and not less
AWWA C510;
pendent check valves X X –– –– than a 12 inch clearance at the bottom for
CSA B64.5 or
and means of field test- maintenance. May need platform/ladder for
CSA B64.5.1
ing) test and repair.
Does not discharge water.
Double Check Detector
Fire Protection Backflow Horizontal unless otherwise listed. Access
Prevention Assembly and clearance shall be in accordance with the
(two independent check manufacturer’s instructions, and not less
valves with a parallel than a 12 inch clearance at the bottom for
detector assembly con- ASSE 1048 X X –– –– maintenance. May need platform/ladder for
sisting of a water meter test and repair. Does not discharge water.
and a double check valve Installation includes a fire protection system
backflow prevention and is designed to operate under continuous
assembly and means for pressure conditions.
field testing)
Pressure Vacuum
Breaker Backflow Pre-
Upright position. May have valves down-
vention Assembly
ASSE 1020 or stream. Minimum of 12 inches above all
(loaded air inlet valve, X –– X ––
CSA B64.1.2 downstream piping and flood-level rim of
internally loaded check
the receptor. May discharge water.
valve and means for field
testing)
Reduced Pressure Princi-
Horizontal unless otherwise listed. Access
ple Backflow Prevention
ASSE 1013; and clearance shall be in accordance with the
Assembly (two independ-
AWWA C511; manufacturer’s instructions, and not less
ently acting loaded check X X X X
CSA B64.4 or than a 12 inch clearance at the bottom for
valves, a differential
CSA B64.4.1 maintenance. May need platform/ladder for
pressure relief valve and
test and repair. May discharge water.
means for field testing)
Reduced Pressure Detec-
tor Fire Protection Back-
flow Prevention
Horizontal unless otherwise listed. Access
Assembly (two inde-
and clearance shall be in accordance with the
pendently acting loaded
manufacturer’s instructions, and not less
check valves, a differen-
than a 12 inch clearance at the bottom for
tial pressure relief valve,
ASSE 1047 X X X X maintenance. May need platform/ladder for
with a parallel detector
test and repair. May discharge water.
assembly consisting of a
Installation includes a fire protection system
water meter and a
and is designed to operate under continuous
reduced-pressure princi-
pressure conditions.
ple backflow prevention
assembly, and means for
field testing)
Laboratory faucet back- Installation includes laboratory faucets. Such
flow preventer ASSE 1035 –– –– X X devices are not for use under continuous
pressure conditions. No valve downstream.4
For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm
Notes:
1 See the description of devices and assemblies in this chapter.
2
Installation in pit or vault requires previous approval by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
3
Refer to the general and specific requirement for installation.
4
Not to be subjected to operating pressure for more than 12 hours in a 24 hour period.
5
For deck-mounted and equipment-mounted vacuum breaker, see Section 603.5.13.
6
Shall be installed in accordance with Section 603.5.7.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 141

WATER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION

Devices or assemblies installed in a potable water supply 603.3.5 Pressure Vacuum Breaker Backflow Pre-
system for protection against backflow shall be maintained vention Assembly (PVB). A pressure vacuum breaker
in good working condition by the person or persons having backflow prevention assembly consists of a loaded air
control of such devices or assemblies. Such devices or assem- inlet valve, an internally loaded check valve, two prop-
blies shall be tested at the time of installation, repair, or relo- erly located test cocks, and two isolation valves. This
cation and not less than on an annual schedule thereafter, or device shall be permitted to be installed indoors where
more often where required by the Authority Having Jurisdic- provisions for spillage are provided.
tion. Where found to be defective or inoperative, the device 603.3.6 Spill-Resistant Pressure Vacuum
or assembly shall be repaired or replaced. No device or Breaker (SVB). A pressure-type vacuum breaker back-
assembly shall be removed from use or relocated or other flow prevention assembly consists of one check valve
device or assembly substituted, without the approval of the force loaded closed and an air inlet vent valve force
Authority Having Jurisdiction. loaded open to atmosphere, positioned downstream of
Testing or maintenance shall be performed by a certified the check valve and located between and including two
backflow assembly tester or repairer in accordance with tightly closing shutoff valves and test cocks.
ASSE Series 5000 or otherwise approved by the Authority 603.3.7 Reduced-Pressure Principle Backflow
Having Jurisdiction. Prevention Assembly (RP). A reduced-pressure prin-
603.3 Backflow Prevention Devices, Assemblies, and ciple backflow prevention assembly consists of two inde-
Methods. Backflow prevention devices, assemblies, and pendently acting internally loaded check valves, a
methods shall comply with Section 603.3.1 through Section differential pressure relief valve, four properly located
603.3.12. test cocks, and two isolation valves.
603.3.1 Air Gap. The minimum air gap to afford back- 603.3.8 Double Check Detector Fire Protection
Backflow Prevention Assembly. A double check
flow protection shall be in accordance with Table 603.3.1.
valve backflow prevention assembly with a parallel
603.3.2 Atmospheric Vacuum Breaker (AVB). An detector assembly consisting of a water meter and a dou-
atmospheric vacuum breaker consists of a body, a check- ble check valve backflow prevention assembly (DC).
ing member, and an atmospheric port.
603.3.9 Reduced Pressure Detector Fire Protec-
603.3.3 Hose Connection Backflow Preventer. A tion Backflow Prevention Assembly. A reduced-
hose connection backflow preventer consists of two inde- pressure principle backflow prevention assembly with a
pendent check valves with an independent atmospheric parallel detector assembly consisting of a water meter
vent between and a means of field testing and draining. and a reduced-pressure principle backflow prevention
603.3.4 Double Check Valve Backflow Prevention assembly (RP).
Assembly (DC). A double check valve backflow pre- 603.3.10 Dual Check Backflow Preventer. A dual
vention assembly consists of two independently acting check backflow preventer consists of two independently
internally loaded check valves, four properly located test acting check valves, force loaded to a normally closed
cocks, and two isolation valves. position.

TABLE 603.3.1
MINIMUM AIR GAPS FOR WATER DISTRIBUTION4
WHERE NOT AFFECTED BY SIDEWALLS1 WHERE AFFECTED BY SIDEWALLS2
FIXTURES
(inches) (inches)
Effective openings3 not greater than 1⁄2 of an inch
1 11⁄2
in diameter
Effective openings3 not greater than 3⁄4 of an inch
11⁄2 21⁄4
in diameter
Effective openings3 not greater than 1 inch in
2 3
diameter
Effective openings3 greater than 1 inch in Two times the diameter of Three times the diameter of
diameter effective opening effective opening
For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm
Notes:
1 Sidewalls, ribs, or similar obstructions do not affect air gaps where spaced from the inside edge of the spout opening a distance exceeding three times the

diameter of the effective opening for a single wall, or a distance exceeding four times the effective opening for two intersecting walls.
2 Vertical walls, ribs, or similar obstructions extending from the water surface to or above the horizontal plane of the spout opening other than specified in Foot-

note 1 above. The effect of three or more such vertical walls or ribs has not been determined. In such cases, the air gap shall be measured from the top of the
wall.
3 The effective opening shall be the minimum cross-sectional area at the seat of the control valve or the supply pipe or tubing that feeds the device or outlet.

Where two or more lines supply one outlet, the effective opening shall be the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the individual supply lines or the area of the
single outlet, whichever is smaller.
4 Air gaps less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) shall be approved as a permanent part of a listed assembly that has been tested under actual backflow conditions with

vacuums of 0 to 25 inches of mercury (85 kPa).

142 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

WATER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION

603.3.11 Laboratory Faucet Backflow Preven- 603.4.6 Integral Backflow Preventers. Fixtures,
ters. Laboratory faucet backflow preventers shall com- appliances, or appurtenances with integral backflow pre-
ply with ASSE 1035. venters or integral air gaps manufactured as a unit shall
603.3.12 Backflow Preventer with Intermediate be installed in accordance with their listing requirements
Atmospheric Vent. A backflow preventer with inter- and the manufacturer’s installation instructions.
mediate atmospheric vent consists of two independently 603.4.7 Freeze Protection. In cold climate areas,
acting check valves, force loaded to a normally closed backflow assemblies and devices shall be protected from
position, and an intermediate chamber with a means for freezing with an outdoor enclosure that complies with
automatically venting to atmosphere, force loaded to a ASSE 1060 or by a method acceptable to the Authority
normally open position. Having Jurisdiction.
603.4 General Requirements. Assemblies shall comply 603.4.8 Drain Lines. Drain lines serving backflow
with listed standards and be acceptable to the Authority Hav- devices or assemblies shall be sized in accordance with
ing Jurisdiction, with jurisdiction over the selection and the discharge rates of the manufacturer’s flow charts of
installation of backflow prevention assemblies. such devices or assemblies.
603.4.1 Backflow Prevention Valve. Where more 603.4.9 Prohibited Locations. Backflow prevention
than one backflow prevention valve is installed on a sin- devices with atmospheric vents or ports shall not be
gle premise, and the valves are installed in one location, installed in pits, underground, or submerged locations.
Backflow preventers shall not be located in an area con-
each separate valve shall be permanently identified by
taining fumes that are toxic, poisonous, or corrosive.
the permittee in a manner satisfactory to the Authority
Having Jurisdiction. 603.5 Specific Requirements. Specific requirements for
backflow prevention shall comply with Section 603.5.1
603.4.2 Testing. The premise owner or responsible per- through Section 603.5.21.
son shall have the backflow prevention assembly tested
by a certified backflow assembly tester at the time of 603.5.1 Atmospheric Vacuum Breaker. Water closet
installation, repair, or relocation and not less than on an and urinal flushometer valves shall be protected against
backflow by an approved backflow prevention assembly,
annual schedule thereafter, or more often where required
device, or method. Where the valves are equipped with an
by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. The periodic test-
atmospheric vacuum breaker, the vacuum breaker shall be
ing shall be performed in accordance with the procedures
installed on the discharge side of the flushometer valve
referenced in ASSE Series 5000 by a tester qualified in with the critical level not less than 6 inches (152 mm), or
accordance with those standards. The field test kit used the distance according to its listing, above the overflow rim
shall comply with ASSE 1064. of a water closet bowl or the highest part of a urinal.
603.4.3 Access and Clearance. Access and clear- 603.5.2 Ballcock. Water closet and urinal tanks shall
ance shall be provided for the required testing, mainte- be equipped with a ballcock. The ballcock shall be
nance, and repair. Access and clearance shall be in installed with the critical level not less than 1 inch (25.4
accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions, and not mm) above the full opening of the overflow pipe. In
less than 12 inches (305 mm) between the lowest portion cases where the ballcock has no hush tube, the bottom of
of the assembly and grade, floor, or platform. Installa- the water supply inlet shall be installed 1 inch (25.4 mm)
tions elevated that exceed 5 feet (1524 mm) above the above the full opening of the overflow pipe.
floor or grade shall be provided with a platform capable 603.5.3 Backflow Prevention. Water closet
of supporting a tester or maintenance person. flushometer tanks shall be protected against backflow by
603.4.4 Connections. Direct connections between an approved backflow prevention assembly, device, or
potable water piping and sewer-connected wastes shall method.
not be permitted to exist under any condition with or 603.5.4 Heat Exchangers. Heat exchangers used for
without backflow protection. Where potable water is dis- heat transfer, heat recovery, or solar heating shall protect
charged to the drainage system, it shall be by means of an the potable water system from being contaminated by the
approved air gap of two pipe diameters of the supply heat-transfer medium. Single-wall heat exchangers used
inlet, but in no case shall the gap be less than 1 inch (25.4 in indirect-fired water heaters shall meet the require-
mm). Connection shall be permitted to be made to the ments of Section 505.4.1. Double-wall heat exchangers
inlet side of a trap provided that an approved vacuum shall separate the potable water from the heat-transfer
breaker is installed not less than 6 inches (152 mm), or medium by providing a space between the two walls that
the distance according to the device’s listing, above the are vented to the atmosphere.
flood-level rim of such trapped fixture, so that at no time 603.5.5 Water Supply Inlets. Water supply inlets to
will such device be subjected to backpressure. tanks, vats, sumps, swimming pools, and other receptors
603.4.5 Hot Water Backflow Preventers. Backflow shall be protected by one of the following means:
preventers for hot water exceeding 110°F (43°C) shall (1) An approved air gap.
be a type designed to operate at temperatures exceeding (2) A listed vacuum breaker installed on the discharge
110°F (43°C) without rendering a portion of the assem- side of the last valve with the critical level not less than
bly inoperative. 6 inches (152 mm) or in accordance with its listing.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 143

WATER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION

(3) A backflow preventer suitable for the degree of haz- Water-cooled equipment that produces backpressure
ard, installed in accordance with the requirements shall be equipped with the appropriate protection.
for that type of device or assembly as set forth in this 603.5.9 Aspirators. Water inlets to water-supplied
chapter. aspirators shall be equipped with a vacuum breaker
603.5.6 Protection from Lawn Sprinklers and Irri- installed in accordance with its listing requirements and
gation Systems. Potable water supplies to systems this chapter. The discharge shall drain through an air gap.
having no pumps or connections for pumping equipment, Where the tailpiece of a fixture to receive the discharge
and no chemical injection or provisions for chemical of an aspirator is used, the air gap shall be located above
injection, shall be protected from backflow by one of the the flood-level rim of the fixture.
following devices: 603.5.10 Steam or Hot Water Boilers. Potable water
(1) Atmospheric vacuum breaker (AVB) connections to steam or hot water boilers shall be pro-
(2) Pressure vacuum breaker backflow prevention tected from backflow by a double check valve backflow
assembly (PVB) prevention assembly, backflow preventer with interme-
diate atmospheric vent and pressure reducing valve, or
(3) Spill-resistant pressure vacuum breaker (SVB) reduced pressure principle backflow prevention assem-
(4) Reduced-pressure principle backflow prevention bly in accordance with Table 603.2. Where chemicals are
assembly (RP) introduced into the system a reduced pressure principle
603.5.6.1 Systems with Pumps. Where sprin- backflow prevention assembly shall be provided in
kler and irrigation systems have pumps, connections accordance with Table 603.2.
for pumping equipment, or auxiliary air tanks, or are 603.5.11 Nonpotable Water Piping. In cases where
otherwise capable of creating backpressure, the it is impractical to correct individual cross-connections
potable water supply shall be protected by the fol- on the domestic waterline, the line supplying such outlets
lowing type of device where the backflow device is shall be considered a nonpotable water line. No drinking
located upstream from the source of backpressure: or domestic water outlets shall be connected to the non-
(1) Reduced-pressure principle backflow preven- potable waterline. Where possible, portions of the non-
tion assembly (RP) potable waterline shall be exposed, and exposed portions
shall be properly identified in a manner satisfactory to
603.5.6.2 Systems with Backflow Devices. the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Each outlet on the
Where systems have a backflow device installed nonpotable waterline that is permitted to be used for
downstream from a potable water supply pump or a drinking or domestic purposes shall be posted: “CAU-
potable water supply pump connection, the device TION: NONPOTABLE WATER, DO NOT DRINK.”
shall be one of the following:
[HCD 1 & HCD 2] An international symbol of a glass
(1) Atmospheric vacuum breaker (AVB) in a circle with a slash through it shall be provided sim-
(2) Pressure vacuum breaker backflow prevention ilar to that shown in Figure 601.
assembly (PVB) 603.5.12 Beverage Dispensers. Potable water sup-
(3) Spill-resistant pressure vacuum breaker (SVB) ply to beverage dispensers, carbonated beverage dis-
(4) Reduced-pressure principle backflow preven- pensers, or coffee machines shall be protected by an air
tion assembly (RP) gap or a vented backflow preventer that complies with
ASSE 1022. For carbonated beverage dispensers, piping
603.5.6.3 Systems with Chemical Injectors. material installed downstream of the backflow preventer
Where systems include a chemical injector or pro- shall not be affected by carbon dioxide gas.
visions for chemical injection, the potable water sup-
ply shall be protected by a reduced-pressure 603.5.13 Deck-Mounted and Equipment-
principle backflow prevention assembly (RP). Mounted Vacuum Breakers. Deck-mounted or
equipment-mounted vacuum breakers shall be installed
603.5.7 Outlets with Hose Attachments. Potable in accordance with their listing and the manufacturer’s
water outlets with hose attachments, other than water installation instructions, with the critical level not less
heater drains, boiler drains, and clothes washer connec- than 1 inch (25.4 mm) above the flood-level rim.
tions, shall be protected by a nonremovable hose bibb-
603.5.14 Protection from Fire Systems.
type backflow preventer, a nonremovable hose bibb-type
vacuum breaker, or by an atmospheric vacuum breaker Note: Fire Protection Systems has not been adopted by
installed not less than 6 inches (152 mm) above the high- the State Fire Marshal. This section cannot be adopted or
est point of usage located on the discharge side of the last enforced pursuant to California Health and Safety Code
valve. In climates where freezing temperatures occur, a 13114.7(a), which is being cited for reference. California
listed self-draining frost-proof hose bibb with an integral Health and Safety Code 13114.7.
backflow preventer or vacuum breaker shall be used. (a) For the purposes of this section the following are
603.5.8 Water-Cooled Equipment. Water-cooled definitions of class I and class II systems:
compressors, degreasers, or other water-cooled equip- (1) American Water Works Association [A.W.W.A]
ment shall be protected by a backflow preventer installed Manual No. M-14 class 1 – Automatic fire
in accordance with the requirements of this chapter. sprinkler systems with direct connection from

144 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

WATER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION

public water mains only; no pumps, tanks, or 603.5.16 Special Equipment. Portable cleaning
reservoirs; no physical connection from other equipment and dental vacuum pumps shall be protected
water supplies; no antifreeze or additives of any from backflow by an air gap, an atmospheric vacuum
kind; and all sprinkler drains discharging to the breaker, a spill-resistant vacuum breaker, or a reduced
atmosphere or other safe outlets. pressure principle backflow preventer.
(2) American Water Works Association [A.W.W.A] 603.5.17 Potable Water Outlets and Valves.
Manual No. M-14 class 2 – Automatic fire Potable water outlets, freeze-proof yard hydrants, com-
sprinkler systems which are the same as class bination stop-and-waste valves, or other fixtures that
1, except that booster pumps may be installed incorporate a stop and waste feature that drains into the
in the connections from the street mains. ground shall not be installed underground.
(b) Automatic fire sprinkler systems described in subdi- 603.5.18 Pure Water Process Systems. The water
vision (a) shall not require any backflow protection supply to a pure water process system, such as dialysis
equipment at the service connection other than water systems, semiconductor washing systems, and sim-
required by standards for those systems contained ilar process piping systems, shall be protected from back-
in the publication of the National Fire Protection pressure and backsiphonage by a reduced-pressure
Association entitled “Installation of Sprinkler Sys- principle backflow preventer.
tems” [NFPA Pamphlet No. 13, 1980 edition]. 603.5.18.1 Dialysis Water Systems. The indi-
603.5.14.1 Fire Department Connection. vidual connections of the dialysis related equipment
Where fire protection systems supplied from a to the dialysis pure water system shall not require
potable water system include a fire department additional backflow protection.
(siamese) connection that is located less than 1700 603.5.19 Plumbing Fixture Fittings. Plumbing fix-
feet (518.2 m) from a nonpotable water source that ture fittings with integral backflow protection shall com-
is capable of being used by the fire department as a ply with ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1.
secondary water supply, the potable water supply 603.5.20 Swimming Pools, Spas, and Hot Tubs.
shall be protected by one of the following: Potable water supply to swimming pools, spas, and hot
(1) Reduced pressure principle backflow preven- tubs shall be protected by an air gap or a reduced pressure
tion assembly (RP) principle backflow preventer in accordance with the fol-
(2) Reduced pressure detector fire protection back- lowing:
flow prevention assembly (1) The unit is equipped with a submerged fill line.
Nonpotable water sources include fire depart- (2) The potable water supply is directly connected to the
ment vehicles carrying water of questionable quality unit circulation system.
or water that is treated with antifreeze, corrosion 603.5.21 Chemical Dispensers. The water supply to
inhibitors, or extinguishing agents. chemical dispensers shall be protected against backflow.
603.5.14.2 Chemicals. Where antifreeze, corro- The chemical dispenser shall comply with ASSE 1055 or
sion inhibitors, or other chemicals are added to a fire the water supply shall be protected by one of the follow-
protection system supplied from a potable water ing methods:
supply, the potable water system shall be protected (1) Air gap
by one of the following: (2) Atmospheric vacuum breaker (AVB)
(1) Reduced pressure principle backflow preven- (3) Pressure vacuum breaker backflow prevention
tion assembly (RP) assembly (PVB)
(2) Reduced pressure detector fire protection back- (4) Spill-resistant pressure vacuum breaker (SVB)
flow prevention assembly (5) Reduced-pressure principle backflow prevention
603.5.14.3 Hydraulic Design. Where a backflow assembly (RP)
device is installed in the potable water supply to a
fire protection system, the hydraulic design of the
system shall account for the pressure drop through 604.0 Materials.
the backflow device. Where such devices are retro- 604.1 Pipe, Tube, and Fittings. Pipe, tube, fittings, sol-
fitted for an existing fire protection system, the vent cement, thread sealants, solders, and flux used in potable
hydraulics of the sprinkler system design shall be water systems intended to supply drinking water shall com-
checked to verify that there will be sufficient water ply with NSF 61. Where pipe fittings and valves are made
pressure available for satisfactory operation of the from copper alloys containing more than 15 percent zinc by
fire sprinklers. weight and are used in plastic piping systems, they shall be
603.5.15 Health Care or Laboratory Areas. Vac- resistant to dezincification and stress corrosion cracking in
uum breakers for washer-hose bedpans shall be located compliance with NSF 14.
not less than 5 feet (1524 mm) above the floor. Hose con- Materials used in the water supply system, except valves
nections in health care or laboratory areas shall be not and similar devices, shall be of a like material, except where
less than 6 feet (1829 mm) above the floor. otherwise approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 145

WATER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION

WATER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION

611.4 Sizing of Residential Softeners. Residential-use nance of any one water heater. Booster heaters for 125°F to
water softeners shall be sized in accordance with Table 611.4. 180°F (52°C to 82°C) water are acceptable as a second piece
of equipment for dishwashing. Where storage tanks are sepa-
rate from the water heater, at least two independent storage
TABLE 611.4
SIZING OF RESIDENTIAL WATER SOFTENERS4 tanks shall be provided.
REQUIRED SIZE OF
NUMBER OF BATHROOM
613.3 Instantaneous heaters are permitted for supplying hot
SOFTENER CONNECTION
GROUPS SERVED1 water to handwashing and bathing fixtures if a continuous
(inches)
3
mechanical recirculation system is also provided.
⁄4 up to 22
613.4 Water storage tanks shall be fabricated of corrosion-
1 up to 43
resistant materials or lined with corrosion-resistant materials.
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm
Notes: 613.5 Temperature control valves shall be provided to auto-
1
Installation of a kitchen sink and dishwasher, laundry tray, and automatic matically regulate the temperature of hot water delivered to
clothes washer permitted without additional size increase. plumbing fixtures used by patients to a range of 105°F (41°C)
2
An additional water closet and lavatory permitted. minimum to 120°F (49°C) maximum. High temperature
3
Over four bathroom groups, the softener size shall be engineered for the alarm set at 125°F (52°C) shall be provided. The
specific installation.
4 audible/visual device for the high temperature alarm shall
See also Appendix A, Recommended Rules for Sizing the Water Supply
System, and Appendix C, Alternate Plumbing Systems, for alternate meth-
annunciate at a continuously occupied location.
ods of sizing water supply systems. 613.6 Hot-water distribution system serving patient care
areas shall be under constant mechanical recirculation to pro-
vide continuous hot water at each hot water outlet. Non-recir-
612.0 Residential Fire Sprinkler Systems. culated fixture branch piping shall not exceed 25 feet (7.62
612.1 Installation. Residential Sprinkler Systems shall be meters) in length. Dead-end piping (risers with no flow,
installed in compliance with the California Residential Code branches with no fixture) shall not be installed. In renovation
or the California Fire Code. projects, dead-end piping shall be removed in the area of reno-
vation. Empty risers, mains, and branches installed for future
613.0 [OSHPD 1, 1R, 2, 3, 4 & 5] Domestic Hot-Water use shall be permitted.
Distribution Systems for Health Facilities and Clinics. 613.7 At fixtures where water exceeding 125°F (52°C) is acces-
613.1 The domestic water-heating equipment and distribu- sible to patients or personnel, warning signs in letters at least
tion systems shall supply water at the temperature and 2 inches (51 mm) high shall be posted above the fixtures.
amounts shown in Table 613.1. Where the system is designed 613.8 Sectionalizing valves shall be provided as required by
by a mechanical engineer, appropriate diversity factors may Section 606.8.
be utilized.

TABLE 613.1 614.0 Dialysis Water-Distribution Systems.

[OSHPD 1, 1R, 2, 3, 4 & 5] HOT WATER USE
614.1 [OSHPD 1, 1R, 2, 3, 4 & 5] Dialysis water feedlines
CLINICAL DIETARY1 LAUNDRY2 shall be PVC (polyvinyl chloride), glass, stainless steel, or
Liter/Hour/Bed 11.9 7.2 7.6 PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) and sized to provide a mini-
Gallons/Hour/Bed 3 2 2 mum velocity of 1.5 feet per second (0.46 m/s). The piping shall
Temperature °C 41-49.0 49.0 71.0 be a singleloop system with or without recirculation. Branches
Temperature °F 105-120.0 120.0 160.0 to dialysis machines shall be 1∕4 inch (6.4 mm) inside dimension
1 Rinse water temperature at automatic dishwashing equipment and pot and take off from the bottom of the main feedline. Branch lines
sinks shall be 180°F(82°C). may be PFA (perfluoroalkoxy).
Exception: The rinse water supply to pot rinse sinks may be deleted if 614.2 All piping for multistation or central dialysis units shall
a method of chemical disinfection using a three-compartment sink is
proposed. be rigid where possible. All piping and tubing shall be in a neat
2 The required temperature of 160°F (71°C) in the laundry is that meas- arrangement. The placement of piping or tubing on the floor is
ure in the washing machine and shall be supplied so that the tempera- not permitted.
ture may be maintained over the entire wash and rinse period. 614.3 All valves shall be located in accessible locations.
Exception: A lower water temperature of 140°F (60°C) may be utilized, pro-
vided linens are subsequently passed through a tumbler dryer at 180°F 614.4 Piping and valves shall be identified according to their
(82°C) or a flatwork ironer at 300°F (149°C). function.
614.5 A means of preventing backwashing or flushing of the
system when one or more stations are in operation shall be pro-
613.2 At least two pieces of hot-water-heating equipment shall
vided.
be provided to supply hot water for dishwashing and minimum
patient services such as handwashing and bathing. The 614.6 A continuous audible alarm shall sound at the nurses’
arrangement of water-heating equipment shall be based on the station and remote equipment rooms when the minimum veloc-
capacity and capability of the equipment to provide the ity is not maintained, or if backwashing or flushing is attempted
required hot water during periods of breakdown or mainte- while one or more stations are in operation.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 161

WATER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION

614.7 Water used for dialysis treatment shall meet the latest Exception: With the approval of the Office and the licens-
edition of ANSI/American Association of Medical Instrumenta- ing agency, hook-ups that allow for the use of trans-
tions (AAMI) RD62, Water treatment equipment for hemodial- portable sources of potable water may be provided in lieu
ysis applications. of 72 hours of on-site storage if a minimum onsite water
614.8 A diagram of all piping as installed shall be posted at the supply of potable and industrial water is provided, suffi-
nurses’ station and equipment room of all multistation or cen- cient to support 24 hours of operation, without replen-
tral dialysis units. ishment based on the hospital’s approved Water
Conservation/Water Rationing plan. In no event shall the
615.0 Identification of Potable and Nonpotable Water on-site water storage capacity be less than one tank with
Lines. at least 5,000 gallons capacity. This emergency supply
tank shall have fittings to allow for replenishment of the
615.1 Uses Not Permitted.
water supply from transportable water sources and a
615.1.1 [OSHPD 1, 1R, 2, 3, 4 & 5] Nonpotable water means to dispense water to portable containers in the
shall not be piped for drinking, washing or bathing, wash- event that normal water supply becomes unavailable.
ing of clothing, cooking, washing of food, washing of cook- 615.4.2 The emergency supply of water shall be pro-
ing or eating utensils, washing of food preparation or vided at adequate pressure using gravity, pressure tanks,
processing premises, or other personal service rooms. or booster pumps. Pumps used for this purpose shall be
615.2 [OSHPD 1, 1R, 2, 3, 4 & 5] Non-potable water sys- provided with electrical power from the on-site emer-
tems or systems carrying any other non-potable substance gency power supply system.
shall be installed so as to prevent backflow or back-siphonage
into a potable water system.
615.3 [OSHPD 1, 1R, 2, 3, 4 & 5] Outlets for non-potable
water, such as water for industrial or fire-fighting purposes,
shall be posted in a manner understandable to all employees
to indicate that the water is unsafe and shall not be used for
drinking, washing, cooking or other personal service pur-
poses.
615.4 [OSHPD 1] Emergency Water Supply.
615.4.1 For new acute care hospital buildings submit-
ted after the effective date of this code, the hospital shall
have an on-site water supply sufficient to operate essen-
tial hospital utilities and equipment in the acute care
hospital building, to support 72 hours of continuing
operation in the event of an emergency. Any general
acute care hospital in operation after January 1, 2030
shall have an on-site water supply sufficient to operate
essential hospital utilities and equipment in the acute
care hospital buildings on the campus with an SPC-3,
SPC-4, or SPC-5 rating, to support 72 hours of contin-
uing operation in the event of an emergency. See also
California Building Code, Part 2, Section 1616A.1.42.
The emergency water storage capacity shall be com-
puted based on an approved Water Conservation/Water
Rationing Plan to provide for 72 hours of operation,
accepted by the licensing agency. For acute care hospi-
tal facilities or buildings required to meet NPC-5, on-site
water supply of not less than 150 gallons [567.9 L]
[based on 50 gallons/day/bed for 72 hours] of potable
water per licensed bed shall be provided. In no event
shall the campus on-site water storage capacity be less
than one tank with at least 5,000 gallons capacity.
The emergency supply shall have fittings to allow
for replenishment of the water supply from transportable
water sources and a means to dispense water to portable
containers in the event that normal water supply
becomes unavailable.

162 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
CHAPTER 7 - SANITARY DRAINAGE
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter X X

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections X X X X X X X X X X
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
that are listed below
Chapter/Section
701.2(2) X X
701.2(2) (a) X X
701.2(2) (b) X X X X X
Table 702.1 X X
705.1.2 X X
705.6.2 X X
705.9.4 X X
Table 707.2, Footnote 1 X X
710.3 X X
713.4 X
717.2 X
724.0 - 724.2 X
725.0 X
726.0 - 726.2 X
727.0 - 727.1(a) (b) X
This state agency does not adopt sections identified with the following symbol: †
The Office of the State Fire Marshal’s adoption of this chapter or individual sections is applicable to structures regulated by other state agencies pursuant to
Section 1.11.0.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 163

164 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
CHAPTER 7
SANITARY DRAINAGE

Part I – Drainage Systems. 701.3.1 Screwed Pipe. Fittings on screwed pipe shall
be of the recessed drainage type. Burred ends shall be
reamed to the full bore of the pipe.
701.0 General.
701.3.2 Threads. The threads of drainage fittings shall
701.1 Applicability. This chapter shall govern the materials,
be tapped to allow 1⁄4 inch per foot (20.8 mm/m) grade.
design, and installation of sanitary drainage systems and
building sewers. 701.3.3 Type. Fittings used for drainage shall be of the
drainage type, have a smooth interior water-way, and be
701.2 Drainage Piping. Materials for drainage piping shall constructed to allow 1⁄4 inch per foot (20.8 mm/m) grade.
be in accordance with one of the referenced standards in
Table 701.2 except that: 701.4 Continuous Wastes. Continuous wastes and fixture
tailpieces shall be constructed from the materials specified in
(1) No galvanized wrought-iron or galvanized steel pipe Section 701.2 for drainage piping, provided, however, that
shall be used underground and shall be kept not less than such connections where exposed or accessible shall be per-
6 inches (152 mm) aboveground. mitted to be of seamless drawn brass not less than No. 20 B
(2) ABS and PVC DWV piping installations shall be & S Gauge (0.032 inches) (0.8 mm).
installed in accordance with applicable standards refer- 701.5 Lead. (See Chapter 17) Sheet lead shall comply with
enced in Table 701.2 and he firestop protection require- the following:
ments in the California Building Code. Except for
individual single-family dwelling units, materials (1) For safe pans – not less than 4 pounds per square foot
exposed within ducts or plenums shall have a flame- (lb/ft2) (19 kg/m2) or 1⁄16 of an inch (1.6 mm) thick.
spread index of not more than 25 and a smoke-developed (2) For flashings or vent terminals – not less than 3 lb/ft2 (15
index of not more than 50, where tested in accordance kg/m2) or 0.0472 of an inch (1.2 mm) thick.
with ASTM E84 or UL 723. Plastic piping installed in (3) Lead bends and lead traps shall be not less than 1⁄8 of an
plenums shall be tested in accordance with all require- inch (3.2 mm) in wall thickness.
ments of ASTM E84 or UL 723. Mounting methods, 701.6 Caulking Ferrules. Caulking ferrules shall be man-
supports and sample sizes of materials for testing that are ufactured from copper or copper alloy and shall be in accor-
not specified in ASTM E84 or UL 723 shall be prohib- dance with Table 701.6.
ited. 701.7 Soldering Bushings. Soldering bushings shall be
(a) [HCD 1 & HCD 2] ABS and PVC installations are of copper or copper alloy and shall be in accordance with
limited to not more than two stories of areas of res- Table 701.7.
idential accommodation.
(b) [OSHPD 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5] ABS and PVC installations TABLE 701.6
are not allowed. CAULKING FERRULES
INSIDE MINIMUM WEIGHT EACH
(3) No vitrified clay pipe or fittings shall be used aboveground PIPE SIZE
DIAMETER
LENGTH
(inches) (inches)
or where pressurized by a pump or ejector. They shall be (inches) pounds ounces
kept not less than 12 inches (305 mm) belowground. 2 21⁄4 41⁄2 1 0
(4) Copper or copper alloy tube for drainage and vent piping 3 31⁄4 41⁄2 1 12
shall have a weight of not less than that of copper or cop- 4 41⁄4 41⁄2 2 8
per alloy drainage tube type DWV. For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 pound = 0.453 kg, 1 ounce = 0.02834 kg
(5) Stainless steel 304 pipe and fittings shall not be installed
TABLE 701.7
underground and shall be kept not less than 6 inches (152 SOLDERING BUSHINGS
mm) aboveground.
MINIMUM WEIGHT MINIMUM WEIGHT
(6) Cast-iron soil pipe and fittings and the stainless steel cou- PIPE SIZE EACH PIPE SIZE EACH
(inches) (inches)
plings used to join these products shall be listed and pounds ounces pounds ounces
tested in accordance with standards referenced in Table 11⁄4 0 6 21⁄2 1 6
701.2. Such pipe and fittings shall be marked with the 11⁄2 0 8 3 2 0
country of origin, manufacturer’s name or registered 2 0 14 4 3 8
trademark as defined in the product standards, the third For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 pound = 0.453 kg, 1 ounce = 0.02834 kg
party certifier’s mark, and the class of the pipe or fitting.
701.3 Drainage Fittings. Materials for drainage fittings
shall comply with the applicable standards referenced in 702.0 Fixture Unit Equivalents.
Table 701.2 of the same diameter as the piping served, and 702.1 Trap Size. The unit equivalent of plumbing fixtures
such fittings shall be compatible with the type of pipe used. shown in Table 702.1 shall be based on the size of the trap

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 165

SANITARY DRAINAGE

TABLE 701.2
MATERIALS FOR DRAIN, WASTE, VENT PIPE AND FITTINGS
UNDERGROUND ABOVEGROUND
REFERENCED
DRAIN, WASTE, DRAIN, WASTE, BUILDING SEWER REFERENCED STAN-
MATERIAL STANDARD(S)
VENT PIPE AND VENT PIPE AND PIPE AND FITTINGS DARD(S) PIPE
FITTINGS
FITTINGS FITTINGS

ABS (Schedule 40)

ASME A112.4.4,
ASTM D2661,
X X X ASTM D2661,
ASTM D2680*
ASTM D2680*
Cast-Iron ASME B16.12,
ASTM A74,
ASTM A74,
X X X ASTM A888,
ASTM A888,
CISPI 301
CISPI 301
Co-Extruded ABS (Schedule 40) ASME A112.4.4,
X X X ASTM F628 ASTM D2661,
ASTM D2680*
Co-Extruded Composite ASME A112.4.4,
(Schedule 40) ASTM D2661,
X X X ASTM F1488 ASTM D2665,
ASTM F794*,
ASTM F1866
Co-Extruded PVC (Schedule 40) ASME A112.4.4,
ASTM D2665,
ASTM F891,
X X X ASTM F794*,
ASTM F1760
ASTM F1336*,
ASTM F1866
Copper and Copper Alloys (Type ASTM B43,
DWV) ASTM B75,
ASME B16.23,
X X X ASTM B251,
ASME B16.29
ASTM B302,
ASTM B306
Galvanized Malleable Iron
–– X –– –– ASME B16.3
Galvanized Steel
–– X –– ASTM A53 ––
Polyethylene ASTM F714,
–– –– X ––
ASTM F894
PVC (Schedule 40) ASME A112.4.4,
ASTM D1785,
ASTM D2665,
X X X ASTM D2665,
ASTM F794*,
ASTM F794*
ASTM F1866
PVC (Sewer and Drain)
–– –– X ASTM D2729 ASTM D2729
PVC PSM
–– –– X ASTM D3034 ASTM D3034
Stainless Steel 304
–– X –– ASME A112.3.1 ASME A112.3.1
Stainless Steel 316L
X X X ASME A112.3.1 ASME A112.3.1
Vitrified Clay (Extra strength)
–– –– X ASTM C700 ASTM C700
* For building sewer applications.

166 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

SANITARY DRAINAGE

TABLE 702.1
DRAINAGE FIXTURE UNIT VALUES (DFU)
MINIMUM SIZE TRAP
PLUMBING APPLIANCES, APPURTENANCES, OR FIXTURES AND TRAP ARM7 PRIVATE PUBLIC ASSEMBLY8
(inches)

Bathtub or Combination Bath/Shower 11⁄2 2.0 2.0 ––

Bidet 1⁄
14 1.0 –– ––
Bidet 11⁄2 2.0 –– ––
Clothes Washer, domestic, standpipe 5
2 3.0 3.0 3.0
Dental Unit, cuspidor 1⁄
14 –– 1.0 1.0
Dishwasher, domestic, with independent drain 2
1⁄
12 2.0 2.0 2.0
Drinking Fountain or Water Cooler 1⁄
14 0.5 0.5 1.0
Food Waste Disposer, commercial 2 –– 3.0 3.0
Floor Drain, emergency 2 –– 0.0 0.0
Floor Drain (for additional sizes see Section 702.0) 2 2.0 2.0 2.0
Shower, single-head trap 2 9
2.0 2.0 2.0
Multi-head, each additional 2 1.0 1.0 1.0
Lavatory 1⁄ 14 1.0 1.0 1.0
Lavatories in sets 1⁄ 12 2.0 2.0 2.0
Washfountain 11⁄2 –– 2.0 2.0
Washfountain 2 –– 3.0 3.0
10
Mobilehome or Manufactured Home, trap 3 6.0 –– ––
Receptor, indirect waste 1,3
1⁄ 12 See footnote 1,3

Receptor, indirect waste 1,4

2 See footnote1,4
Receptor, indirect waste1 3 See footnote1
Sinks –– –– –– ––
Bar 1⁄
12 1.0 –– ––
Bar2 11⁄2 –– 2.0 2.0
Clinical 3 –– 6.0 6.0
Commercial with food waste 2
1⁄
12 –– 3.0 3.0
Exam Room 11⁄2 –– 1.0 ––
Special Purpose 2
1⁄
12 2.0 3.0 3.0
Special Purpose 2 3.0 4.0 4.0
Special Purpose 3 –– 6.0 6.0
Kitchen, domestic 2
11⁄2 2.0 2.0 ––
(with or without food waste disposer, dishwasher, or both)
Laundry2 (with or without discharge from a clothes washer) 11⁄2 2.0 2.0 2.0
Service or Mop Basin 2 –– 3.0 3.0
Service or Mop Basin 3 –– 3.0 3.0
Service, flushing rim 3 –– 6.0 6.0
Wash, each set of faucets –– –– 2.0 2.0
Nonwater Urinal with Drain Cleansing Action 2 1.0 1.0 1.0
Urinal, integral trap 1.0 GPF 2
2 2.0 2.0 5.0
Urinal, integral trap greater than 1.0 GPF 2 2.0 2.0 6.0
Urinal, exposed trap 2
1⁄
12 2.0 2.0 5.0
Water Closet, 1.6 GPF Gravity Tank 6
3 3.0 4.0 6.0

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 167

SANITARY DRAINAGE

TABLE 702.1
DRAINAGE FIXTURE UNIT VALUES (DFU) (continued)
MINIMUM SIZE TRAP
PLUMBING APPLIANCES, APPURTENANCES, OR FIXTURES AND TRAP ARM7 PRIVATE PUBLIC ASSEMBLY8
(inches)

Water Closet, 1.6 GPF Flushometer Tank6 3 3.0 4.0 6.0

Water Closet, 1.6 GPF Flushometer Valve 6
3 3.0 4.0 6.0
Water Closet, greater than 1.6 GPF Gravity Tank6 3 4.0 6.0 8.0
Water Closet, greater than 1.6 GPF Flushometer Valve6 3 4.0 6.0 8.0
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm
Notes:
1
Indirect waste receptors shall be sized based on the total drainage capacity of the fixtures that drain thereinto, in accordance with Table 702.2.
2
Provide a 2 inch (50 mm) minimum drain.
3
For refrigerators, coffee urns, water stations, and similar low demands.
4
For commercial sinks, dishwashers, and similar moderate or heavy demands.
5
Buildings having a clothes-washing area with clothes washers in a battery of three or more clothes washers shall be rated at 6 fixture units each for purposes
of sizing common horizontal and vertical drainage piping.
6
Water closets shall be computed as 6 fixture units where determining septic tank sizes based on Appendix H of this code.
7
Trap sizes shall not be increased to the point where the fixture discharge is capable of being inadequate to maintain their self-scouring properties.
8
Assembly [Public Use (see Table 422.1)].
9
For a bathtub to shower retrofit, a 11/2 inch (40 mm) trap and trap arm shall be permitted with a maximum shower size of 36 inches (914 mm) in width and
60 inches (1524 mm) in length. See Section 408.5 and Section 408.6.
10
For drainage fixture unit values related to lots within mobilehome parks in all parts of the State of California, see California Code of Regulations, Title 25,
Division 1, Chapter 2, Article 5, Section 1268. For drainage fixture unit values related to lots within special occupancy parks in all parts of the State of Cal-
ifornia, see California Code of Regulations, Title 25, Division 1, Chapter 2.2, Article 5, Section 2268.

required, and the unit equivalent of fixtures and devices not 702.3 Continuous Flow. For a continuous flow into a
shown in Table 702.1 shall be based on the size of trap or trap drainage system, such as from a pump, sump ejector, air con-
arm. ditioning equipment, or similar device, 2 fixture units shall
Maximum drainage fixture units for a fixture trap and be equal to each gallon per minute (gpm) (L/s) of flow.
trap arm loadings for sizes up to 4 inches (100 mm) shall be
in accordance with Table 702.1(1).

»
703.0 Size of Drainage Piping.
TABLE 702.1(1)
MAXIMUM DRAINAGE FIXTURE UNITS FOR A
703.1 Minimum Size. The minimum sizes of vertical, hor-
TRAP AND TRAP ARM* izontal, or both drainage piping shall be determined from the
SIZE OF TRAP AND DRAINAGE FIXTURE UNIT total of fixture units connected thereto, and additionally, in
TRAP ARM (inches) VALUES (DFU) the case of vertical drainage pipes, in accordance with their
11⁄4 1 unit length.
11⁄2 3 units 703.2 Maximum Number of Fixture Units. Table 703.2
2 4 units shows the maximum number of fixture units allowed on a
3 6 units vertical or horizontal drainage pipe, building drain, or build-
4 8 units ing sewer of a given size; the maximum number of fixture
For SI Units: 1 inch = 25 mm units allowed on a branch interval of a given size; and the
* Exception: On self-service laundries. maximum length (in feet and meters) of a vertical drainage
pipe of a given size.
702.2 Intermittent Flow. Drainage fixture units for inter- 703.3 Sizing per Appendix C. For alternate method of
mittent flow into the drainage system shall be computed on sizing drainage piping, see Appendix C.
the rated discharge capacity in gallons per minute (gpm) (L/s)
in accordance with Table 702.2.

»
704.0 Fixture Connections (Drainage).
TABLE 702.2
DISCHARGE CAPACITY IN GALLONS PER MINUTE FOR 704.1 Inlet Fittings. Drainage piping shall be provided with
INTERMITTENT FLOW ONLY* approved inlet fittings for fixture connections, correctly
GPM FIXTURE UNITS located according to the size and type of fixture proposed to
Up to 71⁄2 Equals 1 Fixture Unit be connected.
Greater than 71⁄2 to 15 Equals 2 Fixture Units 704.2 Single Vertical Drainage Pipe. Two fixtures set
Greater than 15 to 30 Equals 4 Fixture Units back-to-back, or side-by-side, within the distance allowed
Greater than 30 to 50 Equals 6 Fixture Units between a trap and its vent, shall be permitted to be served by
For SI units: 1 gallon per minute = 0.06 L/s a single vertical drainage pipe provided that each fixture
* Discharge capacity exceeding 50 gallons per minute (3.15 L/s) shall be wastes separately into an approved double-fixture fitting hav-
determined by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. ing inlet openings at the same level.

168 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

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TABLE 703.2
MAXIMUM UNIT LOADING AND MAXIMUM LENGTH OF DRAINAGE AND VENT PIPING
SIZE OF PIPE (inches) 11⁄4 11⁄2 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 12
Maximum Units
Drainage Piping1
Vertical 1 22, 7 163 484 256 600 1380 3600 5600 8400
Horizontal 1 17 83 354 2165 4285 7205 26405 46805 82005
Maximum Length
Drainage Piping
Vertical, (feet) 45 65 85 212 300 390 510 750 – –
Horizontal (unlimited)
Vent Piping
Horizontal and Vertical6
Maximum Units 1 83 24 84 256 600 1380 3600 – –
Maximum Lengths, (feet) 45 60 120 212 300 390 510 750
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm
Notes:
1
Excluding trap arm.
2
Except for sinks, urinals, and dishwashers – exceeding 1 fixture unit.
3
Except for six-unit traps or water closets.
4
Not to exceed five water closets or five six-unit traps.
5
Based on 1⁄4 inch per foot (20.8 mm/m) slope. For 1⁄8 of an inch per foot (10.4 mm/m) slope, multiply horizontal fixture units by a factor of 0.8.
6
The diameter of an individual vent shall be not less than 11⁄4 inches (32 mm) nor less than one-half the diameter of the drain to which it is connected. Fixture
unit load values for drainage and vent piping shall be computed from Table 702.1 and Table 702.2. Not to exceed one-third of the total permitted length of
a vent shall be permitted to be installed in a horizontal position. Where vents are increased one pipe size for their entire length, the maximum length limita-
tions specified in this table do not apply. This table is in accordance with the requirements of Section 901.3.
7
Up to 8 public lavatories are permitted to be installed on a 11⁄2 inch (40 mm) vertical branch or horizontal sanitary branch sloped at 1⁄4 inch per foot (20.8 mm/m).

704.3 Commercial Sinks. Pot sinks, scullery sinks, dish- both the inside socket surface and outside surface of pipe
washing sinks, silverware sinks, and other similar fixtures are wet with solvent cement. Hold joint in place and
shall be connected directly to the drainage system. A floor undisturbed for 1 minute after assembly. [HCD 1 &
drain shall be provided adjacent to the fixture and shall be HCD 2] Plastic pipe and fittings joined with solvent
connected on the sewer side of the sink. No other drainage cement shall utilize Low VOC primer(s), if a primer is
line shall be connected between the floor drain waste con- required, and Low VOC cement(s) as defined in Section
nection and the fixture drain. The fixture and floor drain shall 214.0.
be trapped and vented in accordance with this code. 705.1.3 Threaded Joints. Threads shall comply with
ASME B1.20.1. A minimum of Schedule 80 shall be per-
705.0 Joints and Connections. mitted to be threaded. Molded threads on adapter fittings
for the transition to threaded joints shall be permitted.
705.1 ABS and ABS Co-Extruded Plastic Pipe and Thread sealant compound shall be applied to male threads,
Joints. Joining methods for ABS plastic pipe and fittings insoluble in water, and nontoxic. The joint between the
shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s pipe and transition fitting shall be of the solvent cement
installation instructions and shall comply with Section type. Caution shall be used during assembly to prevent
705.1.1 through Section 705.1.3. over tightening of the ABS components once the thread
705.1.1 Mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints shall sealant compound has been applied.
be designed to provide a permanent seal and shall be of 705.2 Cast-Iron Pipe and Joints. Joining methods for
the mechanical or push-on joint. The push-on joint shall cast-iron pipe and fittings shall be installed in accordance
include an elastomeric gasket that complies with ASTM with the manufacturer’s installation instructions and shall
D3212 and shall provide a compressive force against the comply with Section 705.2.1 or Section 705.2.2.
spigot and socket after assembly to provide a permanent 705.2.1 Caulked Joints. Caulked joints shall be
seal. firmly packed with oakum or hemp and filled with
705.1.2 Solvent Cement Joints. Solvent cement molten lead to a depth of not less than 1 inch (25.4 mm)
joints for ABS pipe and fittings shall be clean from dirt in one continuous pour. The lead shall be caulked thor-
and moisture. Pipe shall be cut square and shall be oughly at the inside and outside edges of the joint. After
deburred. Where surfaces to be joined are cleaned, and caulking, the finished joint shall not exceed 1⁄8 of an inch
free of dirt, moisture, oil, and other foreign material, the (3.2 mm) below the rim of the hub. No paint, varnish, or
solvent cement that complies with ASTM D2235 shall other coatings shall be permitted on the joining material
be applied to all joint surfaces. Joints shall be made while until after the joint has been tested and approved.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 169

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705.2.2 Mechanical Joints and Compression cleaned bright by manual or mechanical means. Flux shall
Joints. Mechanical joints for cast-iron pipe and fittings be applied to pipe and fittings and shall conform to
shall be of the elastomeric compression type or mechan- ASTM B813, and shall become noncorrosive and non-
ical joint couplings. Compression type joints with an toxic after soldering. Insert pipe into the base of the fitting
elastomeric gasket for cast-iron hub and spigot pipe shall and remove excess flux. Pipe and fitting shall be sup-
comply with ASTM C564 and be tested in accordance ported to ensure a uniform capillary space around the
with ASTM C1563. Hub and spigot shall be clean and joint. Heat shall be applied using air or fuel torch with the
free of dirt, mud, sand, and foreign materials. Cut pipe flame perpendicular to the pipe using acetylene or an LP
gas. Preheating shall depend on the size of the joint. The
shall be free from sharp edges. Fold and insert gasket into
flame shall be moved to the fitting cup and alternate
the hub. Lubricate the joint following manufacturer’s
between the pipe and fitting. Solder conforming to ASTM
instructions. Insert spigot into hub until the spigot end of B32 shall be applied to the joint surfaces until capillary
the pipe bottom out in the hub. Use the same procedure action draws the molten solder into the cup. Joint surfaces
for the installation of fittings. shall not be disturbed until cool, and any remaining flux
A mechanical joint shielded coupling type for hub- residue shall be cleaned.
less cast-iron pipe and fittings shall have a metallic shield 705.3.4 Threaded Joints. Threaded joints for copper or
that complies with ASTM A1056, ASTM C1277, ASTM copper alloy pipe shall be made with pipe threads that com-
C1540, or CISPI 310. The elastomeric gasket shall comply with ASME B1.20.1. Thread sealant tape or compound
ply with ASTM C564. Hubless cast-iron pipe and fittings shall be applied only to male threads, and such material
shall be clean and free of dirt, mud, sand, and foreign shall be approved types, insoluble in water, and nontoxic.
materials. Cut pipe shall be free from sharp edges. Gas- 705.4 Galvanized Steel Pipe and Joints. Joining meth-
ket shall be placed on the end of the pipe or fitting and ods for galvanized steel pipe and fittings shall be installed in
the stainless steel shield and clamp assembly on the end accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions
of the other pipe or fitting. Pipe or fittings shall be seated and shall comply with Section 705.4.1 or Section 705.4.2.
against the center stop inside the elastomeric sleeve. 705.4.1 Mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints shall
Slide the stainless steel shield and clamp assembly into be made with an elastomeric gasket.
a position centered over the gasket and tighten. Bands
shall be tightened using an approved calibrated torque 705.4.2 Threaded Joints. Threaded joints shall be
made with pipe threads that comply with ASME B1.20.1.
wrench specifically set by the manufacturer of the cou-
Thread sealant tape or compound shall be applied only to
plings.
male threads, and such material shall be of approved
705.3 Copper or Copper Alloy Pipe (DWV) and types, insoluble in water, and nontoxic.
Joints. Joining methods for copper or copper alloy pipe and
705.5 Polyethylene (PE) Sewer Pipe. Polyethylene (PE)
fittings shall be installed in accordance with the manufac-
turer’s installation instructions and shall comply with Section sewer pipe or tubing and fitting joining methods shall be
705.3.1 through Section 705.3.4. installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation
instructions and shall comply with Section 705.5.1 through
705.3.1 Brazed Joints. Brazed joints between copper Section 705.5.1.3.
or copper alloy pipe and fittings shall be made with braz-
ing alloys having a liquid temperature above 1000°F 705.5.1 Heat-Fusion Joints. Heat-fusion joints
(538°C). The joint surfaces to be brazed shall be cleaned between PE sewer pipe or tubing and fittings shall be
bright by either manual or mechanical means. Piping assembled in accordance with Section 705.5.1.1 through
shall be cut square and reamed to full inside diameter. Section 705.5.1.3 using butt-fusion, electro-fusion, or
Brazing flux shall be applied to the joint surfaces where socket-fusion heat methods. Do not disturb the joint until
required by manufacturer’s recommendation. Brazing cooled to ambient temperature.
filler metal shall conform to AWS A5.8 and shall be 705.5.1.1 Butt-Fusion Joints. Butt-fusion joints
applied at the point where the pipe or tubing enters the for PE pipe shall be installed in accordance with
socket of the fitting. ASTM F2620 and shall be made by heating the pre-
705.3.2 Mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints in cop- pared ends of two pipes, pipe and fitting, or two fit-
per or copper alloy piping shall be made with a mechan- tings by holding ends against a heated element. The
ical coupling with grooved end piping or approved joint heated element shall be removed when the required
designed for the specific application. melt or times are obtained and heated ends shall be
705.3.3 Soldered Joints. Soldered joints between placed together with applied force. Do not disturb
copper or copper alloy pipe and fittings shall be made in the joint until cooled to ambient temperature.
accordance with ASTM B828 with the following 705.5.1.2 Electro-Fusion Joints. Electro-fusion
sequence of joint preparation and operation as follows: joints shall be heated internally by a conductor at the
measuring and cutting, reaming, cleaning, fluxing, interface of the joint. Fittings shall comply with
assembly and support, heating, applying the solder, cool- ASTM F1055 for the performance requirements of
ing, and cleaning. Pipe shall be cut square and reamed to polyethylene electro-fusion fittings. The specified
the full inside diameter including the removal of burrs on electro-fusion cycle used to form the joint requires
the outside of the pipe. Surfaces to be joined shall be consideration of the properties of the materials being

170 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

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joined, the design of the fitting being used, and the 705.7.1 Mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints
environmental conditions. Align and restrain fitting between stainless steel pipe and fittings shall be of the
to pipe to prevent movement and apply electric cur- compression, grooved coupling, hydraulic press-connect
rent to the fitting. Turn off the current when the fittings, or flanged.
required time has elapsed to heat the joint. Do not 705.7.2 Welded Joints. Welded joints between stain-
disturb the joint until cooled to ambient temperature. less steel pipe and fittings shall be made in accordance
705.5.1.3 Socket-Fusion Joints. Socket fusion with ASME A112.3.1 and shall be welded autogenously.
joints shall be installed in accordance with ASTM Pipe shall be cleaned, free of scale and contaminating
F2620 and shall be made by simultaneously heating particles. Pipe shall be cut with a combination cutting
the outside surface of a pipe end and the inside of a and beveling tool that provides a square cut, and free of
fitting socket. Where the required melt is obtained, burrs. Mineral oil lubricant shall be used during the cut-
the pipe and fitting shall be joined by inserting one ting and beveling process.
into the other with applied force. Do not disturb the 705.8 Vitrified Clay Pipe and Joints. Joining methods
joint until cooled to ambient temperature. for vitrified clay pipe and fittings shall be installed in accor-
705.6 PVC and PVC Co-Extruded Plastic Pipe and dance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions and
Joining Methods. Joining methods for PVC plastic pipe shall comply with Section 705.8.1.
and fittings shall be installed in accordance with the manu- 705.8.1 Mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints shall
facturer’s installation instructions and shall comply with Sec- be designed to provide a permanent seal and shall be of
tion 705.6.1 through Section 705.6.3. the mechanical or push-on joint type. The push-on joint
705.6.1 Mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints shall shall include an elastomeric gasket that complies with
be designed to provide a permanent seal and shall be of ASTM C425 and shall provide a compressive force
the mechanical or push-on joint type. The push-on joint against the spigot and socket after assembly to provide a
shall include an elastomeric gasket that complies with permanent seal.
ASTM D3212 and shall provide a compressive force 705.9 Special Joints. Special joints shall comply with Sec-
against the spigot and socket after assembly to provide a tion 705.9.1 through Section 705.9.4.
permanent seal.
705.9.1 Slip Joints. In fixture drains and traps, slip
705.6.2 Solvent Cement Joints. Solvent cement joints of approved materials shall be permitted to be used
joints for PVC pipe and fittings shall be clean from dirt in accordance with their approvals.
and moisture. Pipe shall be cut square, and pipe shall be
705.9.2 Expansion Joints. Expansion joints shall be
deburred. Where surfaces to be joined are cleaned and
accessible, except where in vent piping or drainage stacks,
free of dirt, moisture, oil, and other foreign material, apply
and shall be permitted to be used where necessary to pro-
primer purple in color that complies with ASTM F656.
vide for expansion and contraction of the pipes.
Primer shall be applied to the surface of the pipe and fit-
ting is softened. Solvent cement that comply with ASTM 705.9.3 Ground Joint, Flared, or Ferrule Con-
D2564 shall be applied to all joint surfaces. Joints shall be nections. Copper or copper alloy ground joint flared, or
made while both the inside socket surface and outside sur- ferrule-type connections that allow adjustment of tubing,
face of pipe are wet with solvent cement. Hold joint in but provide a rigid joint where made up, shall not be con-
place and undisturbed for 1 minute after assembly. [HCD sidered as slip joints.
1 & HCD 2] Plastic pipe and fittings joined with solvent 705.9.4 Transition Joint. A solvent cement transition
cement shall utilize Low VOC primer(s), if a primer is joint between ABS and PVC building drain and building
required, and Low VOC cement(s) as defined in Section sewer shall be made using listed transition solvent
214.0. cement in accordance with ASTM D3138.
705.6.3 Threaded Joints. Threads shall comply with [HCD 1 & HCD 2] Plastic pipe and fittings joined with
ASME B1.20.1. A minimum of Schedule 80 shall be per- solvent cement shall utilize Low VOC primer(s), if a
mitted to be threaded. Molded threads on adapter fittings primer is required, and Low VOC cement(s) as defined in
for the transition to threaded joints shall be permitted. Section 214.0.
Thread sealant compound that is compatible with the 705.10 Joints Between Various Materials. Joints
pipe and fitting, insoluble in water and nontoxic shall be between various materials shall be installed in accordance with
applied to male threads. The joint between the pipe and the manufacturer’s installation instructions and with Section
transition fitting shall be of the solvent cement type. Cau- 705.10.1 through Section 705.10.4. Mechanical couplings
tion shall be used during assembly to prevent over tight- used to join different materials shall comply with ASTM
ening of the PVC components once the thread sealant has C1173 for belowground use, ASTM C1460 for aboveground
been applied. Female PVC threaded fittings shall be used use, or ASTM C1461 for aboveground and belowground use.
with plastic male threads only. 705.10.1 Copper or Copper Alloy Pipe to Cast-
705.7 Stainless Steel Pipe and Joints. Joining meth- Iron Pipe. Joints from copper or copper alloy pipe or
ods for stainless steel pipe and fittings shall be installed in tubing to cast-iron pipe shall be made with a listed com-
accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions pression-type joint or copper alloy ferrule. The copper
and shall comply with Section 705.7.1 or Section 705.7.2. or copper alloy pipe or tubing shall be soldered or brazed

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 171

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to the ferrule, and the ferrule shall be joined to the cast- copper, or copper alloy pipe shall consist of a plug as speci-
iron hub by a compression or caulked joint. fied in Table 707.1, or a standard weight copper alloy cap, or
705.10.2 Copper or Copper Alloy Pipe to an approved ABS or PVC plastic plug, or an approved stain-
Threaded Pipe Joints. Joints from copper or copper less steel cleanout or plug. Plugs shall have raised square
alloy pipe or tubing to threaded pipe shall be made by heads or approved countersunk rectangular slots.
the use of a listed copper alloy adapter or dielectric fit-
TABLE 707.1
ting. The joint between the copper or copper alloy pipe CLEANOUTS
and the fitting shall be a soldered or brazed, and the con-
nection between the threaded and the fittings shall be SIZE OF PIPE SIZE OF CLEANOUT THREADS
(inches) (inches) (per inches)
made with a standard pipe size threaded joint.
11⁄2 11⁄2 111⁄2
705.10.3 Plastic Pipe to Other Materials. Where
connecting plastic pipe to other types of plastic or other 2 11⁄2 111⁄2
types of piping material; approved listed adapter or tran- 2⁄12 2⁄
12 8
sition fittings and listed for the specific transition
3 2⁄
12 8
intended shall be used.
4 & larger 31⁄2 8
705.10.4 Stainless Steel Pipe to Other Materials.
Where connecting stainless steel pipe to other types of For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm
piping, listed mechanical joints of the compression type
and listed for the specific transition intended shall be
707.2 Approved. Each cleanout fitting and each cleanout
used.
plug or cap shall be of an approved type. A list of approved
standards for cleanouts are referenced in Table 707.2.
706.0 Changes in Direction of Drainage Flow.
706.1 Approved Fittings. Changes in the direction of TABLE 707.2
drainage piping shall be made by the appropriate use of CLEANOUT MATERIALS FOR DRAIN, WASTE, AND VENT
approved fittings and shall be of the angles presented by a MATERIAL STANDARD
one-sixteenth bend, one-eighth bend, or one-sixth bend, or ABS 1 ASTM D2661, CSA B79,
other approved fittings of equivalent sweep. IAPMO IGC 78, IAPMO IGC 224
706.2 Horizontal to Vertical. Horizontal drainage lines, Cast Iron ASME A112.36.2, ASTM A888,
connecting with a vertical stack, shall enter through 45 degree CISPI 301, CSA B79,
(0.79 rad) wye branches, 60 degree (1.05 rad) wye branches, IAPMO IGC 224
combination wye and one-eighth bend branches, sanitary tee Copper or Copper Alloy ASME A112.36.2, CSA B79
or sanitary tapped tee branches, or other approved fittings of Ductile Iron CSA B79
equivalent sweep. No fitting having more than one inlet at the
same level shall be used unless such fitting is constructed so Elastomers CSA B79, IAPMO PS 90
that the discharge from one inlet cannot readily enter any Polyethylene (PE) CSA B79
other inlet. Double sanitary tees shall be permitted to be used Polypropylene (PP) CSA B79
where the barrel of the fitting is not less than two pipe sizes
PVC 1 ASTM D2665, CSA B79,
larger than the largest inlet, (pipe sizes recognized for this
IAPMO IGC 78, IAPMO IGC 224
purpose are 2 inches, 21⁄2 inches, 3 inches, 31⁄2 inches, 4
Polyvinylidene Fluoride CSA B79
inches, 41⁄2 inches, 5 inches, 6 inches, etc.) (50 mm, 65 mm,
(PVDF)
80 mm, 90 mm, 100 mm, 115 mm, 125 mm, 150 mm, etc.).
Stainless Steel CSA B79
706.3 Horizontal to Horizontal. Horizontal drainage lines
1
connecting with other horizontal drainage lines shall enter [HCD 1 & HCD 2] ABS and PVC installations are limited to not more
through 45 degree (0.79 rad) wye branches, combination wye than two stories of areas of residential accommodation.
and one-eighth bend branches, or other approved fittings of
equivalent sweep.
707.3 Watertight and Gastight. Cleanouts shall be
706.4 Vertical to Horizontal. Vertical drainage lines con- designed to be watertight and gastight.
necting with horizontal drainage lines shall enter through 45
degree (0.79 rad) wye branches, combination wye and one- 707.4 Location. Each horizontal drainage pipe shall be pro-
eighth bend branches, or other approved fittings of equivalent vided with a cleanout at its upper terminal, and each run of
sweep. Branches or offsets of 60 degrees (1.05 rad) shall be piping, that is more than 100 feet (30 480 mm) in total devel-
permitted to be used where installed in a true vertical position. oped length, shall be provided with a cleanout for each 100
feet (30 480 mm), or fraction thereof, in length of such pip-
ing. An additional cleanout shall be provided in a drainage
707.0 Cleanouts. line for each aggregate horizontal change in direction exceed-
707.1 Plug. Each cleanout fitting for cast-iron pipe shall con- ing 135 degrees (2.36 rad). A cleanout shall be installed above
sist of a cast-iron or copper alloy body and an approved plug. the fixture connection fitting, serving each urinal, regardless
Each cleanout for galvanized wrought iron, galvanized steel, of the location of the urinal in the building.

172 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

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Exceptions: 707.13 Hubless Blind Plugs. Where a hubless blind plug

(1) Cleanouts shall be permitted to be omitted on a horizon- is used for a required cleanout, the complete coupling and
tal drain line less than 5 feet (1524 mm) in length unless plug shall be accessible for removal or replacement.
such line is serving sinks or urinals. 707.14 Trap Arms. Cleanouts for trap arms shall be installed
(2) Cleanouts shall be permitted to be omitted on a horizon- in accordance with Section 1002.3.
tal drainage pipe installed on a slope of 72 degrees (1.26
rad) or less from the vertical angle (one-fifth bend). 708.0 Grade of Horizontal Drainage Piping.
(3) Excepting the building drain, its horizontal branches, 708.1 General. Horizontal drainage piping shall be run in
kitchen sinks, and urinals, a cleanout shall not be practical alignment and a uniform slope of not less than 1⁄4
required on a pipe or piping that is above the floor level inch per foot (20.8 mm/m) or 2 percent toward the point of
of the lowest floor of the building. disposal provided that, where it is impractical due to the depth
(4) An approved type of two-way cleanout fitting, installed of the street sewer, to the structural features, or to the arrange-
inside the building wall near the connection between the ment of a building or structure to obtain a slope of 1⁄4 inch per
building drain and the building sewer or installed outside foot (20.8 mm/m) or 2 percent, such pipe or piping 4 inches
of a building at the lower end of a building drain and (100 mm) or larger in diameter shall be permitted to have a
extended to grade, shall be permitted to be substituted slope of not less than 1⁄8 inch per foot (10.4 mm/m) or 1 per-
for an upper terminal cleanout. cent, where first approved by the Authority Having Jurisdic-
707.5 Cleaning. Each cleanout shall be installed so that it tion.
opens to allow cleaning in the direction of flow of the soil or
waste or at right angles thereto and, except in the case of wye 709.0 Gravity Drainage Required.
branch and end-of-line cleanouts, shall be installed vertically
above the flow line of the pipe. 709.1 General. Where practicable, plumbing fixtures shall
be drained to the public sewer or private sewage disposal sys-
707.6 Extension. Each cleanout extension shall be consid- tem by gravity.
ered as drainage piping and each 90 degree (1.57 rad)
cleanout extension shall be extended from a wye-type fitting
or other approved fitting of equivalent sweep. 710.0 Drainage of Fixtures Located Below the Next
707.7 Interceptor. Each cleanout for an interceptor shall be Upstream Manhole or Below the Main Sewer Level.
outside of such interceptor. 710.1 Backflow Protection. Fixtures installed on a floor
707.8 Access. Each cleanout, unless installed under an level that is lower than the next upstream manhole cover of
approved cover plate, shall be above grade, readily accessible, the public, or private sewer shall be protected from backflow
and so located as to serve the purpose for which it is intended. of sewage by installing an approved type of backwater valve.
Cleanouts located under cover plates shall be so installed as Fixtures on such floor level that are not below the next
to provide the clearances and accessibility required by this upstream manhole cover shall not be required to be protected
section. by a backwater valve. Fixtures on floor levels above such ele-
vation shall not discharge through the backwater valve.
707.9 Clearance. Each cleanout in piping 2 inches (50 mm)
Cleanouts for drains that pass through a backwater valve shall
or less in size shall be so installed that there is a clearance of
be clearly identified with a permanent label stating “backwa-
not less than 18 inches (457 mm) by 18 inches (457 mm) in
ter valve downstream.”
front of the cleanout. Cleanouts in piping exceeding 2 inches
(50 mm) shall have a clearance of not less than 24 inches (610 710.2 Sewage Discharge. Drainage piping serving fix-
mm) by 24 inches (610 mm) in front of the cleanout. tures that are located below the crown level of the main sewer
Cleanouts in under-floor piping shall be extended to or above shall discharge into an approved watertight sump or receiving
the finished floor or shall be extended outside the building tank, so located as to receive the sewage or wastes by grav-
where there is less than 18 inches (457 mm) vertical overall, ity. From such sump or receiving tank, the sewage or other
allowing for obstructions such as ducts, beams, and piping, liquid wastes shall be lifted and discharged into the building
and 30 inches of (762 mm) horizontal clearance from the drain or building sewer by approved ejectors, pumps, or other
means of access to such cleanout. No under-floor cleanout equally efficient approved mechanical devices.
shall be located exceeding 5 feet (1524 mm) from an access 710.3 Sewage Ejector and Pumps. A sewage ejector or
door, trap door, or crawl hole. sewage pump receiving the discharge of water closets or uri-
707.10 Fittings. Cleanout fittings shall be not less in size nals:
than those given in Table 707.1. (1) Shall have a discharge capacity of not less than 20 gpm
707.11 Pressure Drainage Systems. Cleanouts shall be (1.26 L/s).
provided for pressure drainage systems as classified under (2) In single dwelling units, the ejector or pump shall be
Section 710.7. capable of passing an 11⁄2 inch (38 mm) diameter solid
707.12 Countersunk Cleanout Plugs. Countersunk ball, and the discharge piping of each ejector or pump
cleanout plugs shall be installed where raised heads cause a shall have a backwater valve and gate valve, and be not
hazard. less than 2 inches (50 mm) in diameter.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 173

SANITARY DRAINAGE

(3) In other than single-dwelling units, the ejector or pump 710.9 Alarm. Such sumps and receiving tanks shall be auto-
shall be capable of passing a 2 inch (51 mm) diameter matically discharged and, wherein a “public use” occupancy,
solid ball, and the discharge piping of each ejector or shall be provided with dual pumps or ejectors arranged to
pump shall have a backwater valve and gate valve, and function alternately in normal use and independently in case
be not less than 3 inches (80 mm) in diameter. of overload or mechanical failure. The pumps shall have an
[HCD 1 & HCD 2] The minimum size of any pump or any audio and visual alarm, readily accessible, that signals pump
discharge pipe from a sump having a water closet connected failure or an overload condition. The lowest inlet shall have
thereto shall be not less than 2 inches (50 mm). a clearance of not less than 2 inches (51 mm) from the high-
710.4 Discharge Line. The discharge line from such ejec- water or “starting” level of the sump.
tor, pump, or another mechanical device shall be of approved 710.10 Sump and Receiving Tank Covers and Vents.
pressure rated material and be provided with an accessible Sumps and receiving tanks shall be provided with substantial
backwater or swing check valve and gate or ball valve. Where covers having a bolt-and-gasket-type manhole or equivalent
the gravity drainage line to which such discharge line con- opening to permit access for inspection, repairs, and clean-
nects is horizontal, the method of connection shall be from ing. The top shall be provided with a vent pipe that shall
the top through a wye branch fitting. The gate or ball valve extend separately through the roof or, where permitted, be
shall be located on the discharge side of the backwater or combined with other vent pipes. Such vent shall be large
check valve. enough to maintain atmospheric pressure within the sump
Gate or ball valves, where installed in drainage piping, under normal operating conditions and, in no case, shall be
shall be fullway type with working parts of corrosion-resistant less in size than that required by Table 703.2 for the number
metal. Sizes 4 inches (100 mm) or more in diameter shall and type of fixtures discharging into the sump, nor less than
have cast-iron bodies and sizes less than 4 inches (100 mm), 11⁄2 inches (40 mm) in diameter. Where the preceding require-
cast-iron or copper alloy bodies. ments are met and the vent, after leaving the sump, is com-
710.5 Size of Building Drains and Sewers. Building bined with vents from fixtures discharging into the sump, the
drains or building sewers receiving a discharge from a pump size of the combined vent need not exceed that required for
or ejector shall be adequately sized to prevent overloading. the total number of fixtures discharging into the sump. No
Two fixture units shall be allowed for each gallon per minute vent from an air-operating sewage ejector shall combine with
(L/s) of flow. other vents.
710.6 Backwater Valves. Backwater valves, gate valves, 710.11 Air Tanks. Air tanks shall be so proportioned as to be
fullway ball valves, unions, motors, compressors, air tanks, of equal cubical capacity to the ejectors connected in addi-
and other mechanical devices required by this section shall
tion to that in which there shall be maintained an air pressure
be located where they will be accessible for inspection and
of not less than 2 pounds per foot (lb/ft) (3 kg/m) of height the
repair and, unless continuously exposed, shall be enclosed in
a masonry pit fitted with an adequately sized removable sewage is to be raised. No water-operated ejectors shall be
cover. permitted.
Backwater valves shall comply with ASME A112.14.1, 710.12 Grinder Pump Ejector. Grinder pumps shall be
and have bodies of cast-iron, plastic, copper alloy, or other permitted to be used.
approved materials; shall have noncorrosive bearings, seats, 710.12.1 Discharge Piping. The discharge piping
and self-aligning discs; and shall be constructed to ensure a shall be sized in accordance with the manufacturer’s
positive mechanical seal. Such backwater valves shall remain installation instructions and shall be not less than 11⁄4
open during periods of low flows to avoid screening of solids inches (32 mm) in diameter. A check valve and fullway-
and shall not restrict capacities or cause excessive turbulence type shutoff valve shall be located on the discharge line.
during peak loads. Unless otherwise listed, valve access cov-
710.13 Macerating Toilet Systems and Pumped
ers shall be bolted type with gasket, and each valve shall bear
Waste Systems. Fixtures shall be permitted to discharge
the manufacturer’s name cast into the body and the cover.
to a macerating toilet system, or pumped waste system shall
710.7 Drainage and Venting Systems. The drainage and be permitted as an alternate to a sewage pump system where
venting systems, in connection with fixtures, sumps, receiv- approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Such systems
ing tanks, and mechanical waste-lifting devices shall be shall comply with ASME A112.3.4/CSA B45.9 and shall be
installed under the same requirements as provided for in this
installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation
code for gravity systems.
instructions.
710.8 Sump and Receiving Tank Construction. Sumps
and receiving tanks shall be watertight and shall be con- 710.13.1 Sumps. The sump shall be watertight and
structed of concrete, metal, or other approved materials. gastight.
Where constructed of poured concrete, the walls and bottom 710.13.2 Discharge Piping. The discharge piping
shall be adequately reinforced and designed to recognized shall be sized in accordance with manufacturer’s instruc-
acceptable standards. Metal sumps or tanks shall be of such tions and shall be not less than 3⁄4 of an inch (20 mm) in
thickness as to serve their intended purpose and shall be diameter. The developed length of the discharge piping
treated internally and externally to resist corrosion. shall not exceed the manufacturer’s instructions. A check

174 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

SANITARY DRAINAGE

valve and fullway-type shutoff valve shall be located Part II – Building Sewers.
within the discharge line or internally within the device.
710.13.3 Venting. The plumbing fixtures that discharge 713.0 Sewer Required.
into the macerating device shall be vented in accordance
713.1 Where Required. A building in which plumbing fix-
with this code. The sump shall be vented in accordance
with the manufacturer’s instructions, and such vent shall tures are installed and premises having drainage piping
be permitted to connect to the fixture venting. thereon shall have a connection to a public or private sewer,
except as provided in Section 713.2, and Section 713.4.
713.2 Private Sewage Disposal System. Where no pub-
711.0 Suds Relief. lic sewer intended to serve a lot or premises is available in a
711.1 General. Drainage connections shall not be made into thoroughfare or right of way abutting such lot or premises,
a drainage piping system within 8 feet (2438 mm) of a verti- drainage piping from a building or works shall be connected
cal to horizontal change of direction of a stack containing to an approved private sewage disposal system.
suds-producing fixtures. Bathtubs, laundries, washing 713.3 Public Sewer. Within the limits prescribed by Sec-
machine standpipes, kitchen sinks, and dishwashers shall be tion 713.4 hereof, the rearrangement or subdivision into
considered suds-producing fixtures. Where parallel vent smaller parcels of a lot that abuts and is served by a public
stacks are required, they shall connect to the drainage stack at sewer shall not be deemed cause to permit the construction of
a point 8 feet (2438 mm) above the lowest point of the a private sewage disposal system, and plumbing or drainage
drainage stack. systems on a smaller parcel or parcels shall connect to the
Exceptions: public sewer.
(1) Single-family residences. 713.4 Public Sewer Availability. The public sewer shall
(2) Stacks receiving the discharge from less than three sto- be permitted to be considered as not being available where
ries of plumbing fixtures. such public sewer or a building or an exterior drainage facil-
ity connected thereto is located more than 200 feet (60 960
mm) from a proposed building or exterior drainage facility on
712.0 Testing.
a lot or premises that abut and is served by such public sewer.
712.1 Media. The piping of the plumbing, drainage, and
[HCD 1] For residential occupancies, the public sewer may
venting systems shall be tested with water or air except that
be considered as not being available by the Authority Having
plastic pipe shall not be tested with air. The Authority Hav-
Jurisdiction.
ing Jurisdiction shall be permitted to require the removal of
cleanouts, etc., to ascertain whether the pressure has reached 713.5 Permit. No permit shall be issued for the installation,
all parts of the system. After the plumbing fixtures have been alteration, or repair of a private sewage disposal system, or
set and their traps filled with water, they shall be submitted to part thereof, on a lot for which a connection with a public
a final test. sewer is available.
712.2 Water Test. The water test shall be applied to the 713.6 Lot. On every lot or premises hereafter connected to
drainage and vent systems either in its entirety or in sections. a public sewer, plumbing, and drainage systems or parts
Where the test is applied to the entire system, openings in the thereof on such lot or premises shall be connected with such
piping shall be tightly closed, except the highest opening, and public sewer.
the system filled with water to the point of overflow. Where 713.7 Installation. In cities, counties, or both where the
the system is tested in sections, each opening shall be tightly installation of building sewers is under the jurisdiction of a
plugged, except the highest opening of the section under test, department other than the Authority Having Jurisdiction, the
and each section shall be filled with water, but no section shall provisions of this code relating to building sewers need not
be tested with less than a 10 foot head of water (30 kPa). In apply.
testing successive sections, not less than the upper 10 feet Exception: Single-family dwellings and buildings or struc-
(3048 mm) of the next preceding section shall be tested, so tures accessory thereto, existing and connected to an
that no joint or pipe in the building (except the uppermost 10 approved private sewage disposal system prior to the time of
feet (3048 mm) of the system) shall have been submitted to a connecting the premises to the public sewer shall be permit-
test of less than a 10 foot head of water (30 kPa). The water ted, where no hazard, nuisance, or insanitary condition is evi-
shall be kept in the system, or in the portion under test, for not denced, and written permission has been obtained from the
less than 15 minutes before inspection starts. The system shall Authority Having Jurisdiction, remain connected to such
then be tight at all points.
properly maintained private sewage disposal system where
712.3 Air Test. The air test shall be made by attaching an there is insufficient grade or fall to permit drainage to the
air compressor testing apparatus to a suitable opening and, sewer by gravity.
after closing all other inlets and outlets to the system, forcing
air into the system until there is a uniform gauge pressure of
5 pounds-force per square inch (psi) (34 kPa) or sufficient to 714.0 Damage to Public Sewer or Private Sewage
balance a column of mercury 10 inches (34 kPa) in height. Disposal System.
The pressure shall be held without the introduction of addi- 714.1 Unlawful Practices. It shall be unlawful for a per-
tional air for a period of not less than 15 minutes. son to deposit, by means whatsoever, into a plumbing fixture,

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 175

SANITARY DRAINAGE

floor drain, interceptor, sump, receptor, or device which is TABLE 717.1

connected to a drainage system, public sewer, private sewer, MAXIMUM/MINIMUM FIXTURE UNIT LOADING
ON BUILDING SEWER PIPING*
septic tank, or cesspool, ashes; cinders; solids; rags; flamma-
ble, poisonous, or explosive liquids or gases; oils; grease; and SIZE OF PIPE
SLOPE
(inches per foot)
whatsoever that is capable of causing damage to the public (inches) 1 1 1
⁄16 ⁄8 ⁄4
sewer, private sewer, or private sewage disposal system.
(As specified in Table 703.2/
714.2 Prohibited Water Discharge. No rain, surface, or 6 and smaller
No minimum loading)
subsurface water shall be connected to or discharged into a 8 1950/1500 2800/625 3900/275
drainage system unless first approved by the Authority Hav- 10 3400/1600 4900/675 6800/300
ing Jurisdiction. 12 5600/1700 8000/725 11 200/325
714.3 Prohibited Sewer Connection. No cesspool, sep- For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 inch per foot = 83.3 mm/m
tic tank, seepage pit, or drain field shall be connected to a * See also Appendix H, Private Sewage Disposal Systems. For alternate
public sewer or to a building sewer leading to such public methods of sizing drainage piping, see Appendix C.
sewer.
714.4 Commercial Food Waste Disposer. The Author- 717.2 [AGR] Meat and Poultry Processing Plants. The
ity Having Jurisdiction shall review before approval, the sewer system shall have the capacity to remove all waste from
installation of a commercial food waste disposer connecting the various processing and cleaning operations and to mini-
to a private sewage disposal system. mize or prevent stoppage and surcharging at the system.
714.5 Tanks. An approved type, watertight sewage or waste-
water holding tank, the contents of which, due to their char- 718.0 Grade, Support, and Protection of Building
acter, shall be periodically removed and disposed of at some Sewers.
approved off-site location, shall be installed where required 718.1 Slope. Building sewers shall be run in practical align-
by the Authority Having Jurisdiction or the Health Officer to ment and at a uniform slope of not less than 1⁄4 inch per foot
prevent anticipated surface or subsurface contamination or (20.8 mm/m) toward the point of disposal.
pollution, damage to the public sewer, or other hazardous or
Exception: Where approved by the Authority Having Juris-
nuisance conditions.
diction and where it is impractical, due to the depth of the
street sewer or to the structural features or the arrangement of
715.0 Building Sewer Materials. a building or structure, to obtain a slope of 1⁄4 inch per foot
715.1 Materials. The building sewer, beginning 2 feet (610 (20.8 mm/m), such pipe or piping 4 inches (100 mm) through
mm) from a building or structure, shall be of such materials 6 inches (150 mm) shall be permitted to have a slope of not
as prescribed in this code. less than 1⁄8 inch per foot (10.4 mm/m) and such piping 8
inches (200 mm) and larger shall be permitted to have a slope
715.2 Joining Methods and Materials. Joining methods of not less than 1⁄16 inch per foot (5.2 mm/m).
and materials shall be as prescribed in this code.
718.2 Support. Building sewer piping shall be laid on a firm
715.3 Existing Sewers. Replacement of existing building bed throughout its entire length, and such piping laid in made
sewer and building storm sewers using trenchless methodol- or filled-in ground shall be laid on a bed of approved materi-
ogy and materials shall be installed in accordance with ASTM als and shall be properly supported as required by the Author-
F1216, ASTM F2561, ASTM F2599, or ASTM F3240. ity Having Jurisdiction.
718.3 Protection from Damage. No building sewer or
716.0 Markings. other drainage piping or part thereof, which is constructed of
materials other than those approved for use under or within a
716.1 General. Pipe, brick, block, prefabricated septic tanks,
building, shall be installed under or within 2 feet (610 mm) of
prefabricated septic tank or seepage pit covers, or other parts
a building or structure, or part thereof, nor less than 1 foot
or appurtenances incidental to the installation of building sew-
(305 mm) below the surface of the ground. The provisions of
ers or private sewage disposal systems shall be in accordance
this subsection include structures such as porches and steps,
with the approval requirements of Chapter 3 of this code.
whether covered or uncovered; breezeways; roofed porte
cochere; roofed patios; carports; covered walks; covered
717.0 Size of Building Sewers. driveways; and similar structures or appurtenances.
717.1 General. The minimum size of a building sewer shall
be determined on the basis of the total number of fixture units 719.0 Cleanouts.
drained by such sewer, in accordance with Table 717.1. No 719.1 Locations. Cleanouts shall be placed inside the build-
building sewer shall be smaller than the building drain. ing near the connection between the building drain and the
For alternate methods of sizing building sewers, see building sewer or installed outside the building at the lower
Appendix C. end of the building drain and extended to grade.

176 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

SANITARY DRAINAGE

Additional building sewer cleanouts shall be installed at shall a building sewer be located at a point having less than the
intervals not to exceed 100 feet (30 480 mm) in straight runs minimum distances referenced in Table 721.1.
and for each aggregate horizontal change in direction exceed-
ing 135 degrees (2.36 rad).
TABLE 721.1
719.2 No Additional Cleanouts. Where a building sewer MINIMUM HORIZONTAL DISTANCE REQUIRED
or a branch thereof does not exceed 10 feet (3048 mm) in FROM BUILDING SEWER (feet)
length and is a straight-line projection from a building drain Buildings or structures1 2
that is provided with a cleanout, no cleanout will be required
Property line adjoining private property Clear2
at its point of connection to the building drain.
Water supply wells 503
719.3 Building Sewer Cleanouts. Required building
Streams 50
sewer cleanouts shall be extended to grade and shall be in
accordance with the appropriate sections of cleanouts, Sec- On-site domestic water service line 14
tion 707.0, for sizing, construction, and materials. Where Public water main 105, 6
building sewers are located under buildings, the cleanout For SI units: 1 foot = 304.8 mm
requirements of Section 707.0 shall apply. Notes:
1
719.4 Cleaning. Each cleanout shall be installed so that it Including porches and steps, whether covered or uncovered; breezeways;
roofed porte-cochere; roofed patios; carports; covered walks; covered
opens to allow cleaning in the direction of flow of the soil or driveways; and similar structures or appurtenances.
waste or at right angles thereto and, except in the case of wye 2
See also Section 312.3.
branch and end-of-line cleanouts, shall be installed vertically 3
Drainage piping shall clear domestic water supply wells by not less than
above the flow line of the pipe. 50 feet (15 240 mm). This distance shall be permitted to be reduced to not
less than 25 feet (7620 mm) where the drainage piping is constructed of
719.5 Access. Cleanouts installed under concrete or asphalt materials approved for use within a building.
paving shall be made accessible by yard boxes or by extend- 4
See Section 720.0.
5
ing flush with paving with approved materials and shall be 6
For parallel construction.
adequately protected. For crossings, approval by the Health Department or the Authority Hav-
ing Jurisdiction shall be required.
719.6 Manholes. Approved manholes shall be permitted to
be installed in lieu of cleanouts, where first approved by the
Authority Having Jurisdiction. The maximum distance 721.2 Abutting Lot. Nothing contained in this code shall be
between manholes shall not exceed 300 feet (91 440 mm). construed to prohibit the use of all or part of an abutting lot
The inlet and outlet connections shall be made by the use to:
of a flexible compression joint not less than 12 inches (305 mm) (1) Provide access to connect a building sewer to an avail-
and not exceeding 3 feet (914 mm) from the manhole. No flex- able public sewer where proper cause and legal ease-
ible compression joints shall be embedded in the manhole base. ment, not in violation of other requirements, has been
first established to the satisfaction of the Authority Hav-
720.0 Sewer and Water Pipes. ing Jurisdiction.
720.1 General. Building sewers or drainage piping of clay (2) Provide additional space for a building sewer where the
or materials that are not approved for use within a building proper cause, transfer of ownership, or change of bound-
shall not be run or laid in the same trench as the water pipes ary, not in violation of other requirements, has been first
unless the following requirements are met: established to the satisfaction of the Authority Having
Jurisdiction. The instrument recording such action shall
(1) The bottom of the water pipe, at points, shall be not less constitute an agreement with the Authority Having Juris-
than 12 inches (305 mm) above the top of the sewer or diction and shall clearly state and show that the areas so
drain line. joined or used shall be maintained as a unit during the
(2) The water pipe shall be placed on a solid shelf excavated time they are so used. Such an agreement shall be
at one side of the common trench with a clear horizontal recorded in the office of the County Recorder as part of
distance of not less than 12 inches (305 mm) from the the conditions of ownership of said properties, and shall
sewer or drain line. be binding on heirs, successors, and assigns to such prop-
(3) Water pipes crossing sewer or drainage piping con- erties. A copy of the instrument recording such proceed-
structed of clay or materials that are not approved for use ings shall be filed with the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
within a building shall be laid not less than 12 inches
(305 mm) above the sewer or drain pipe. 722.0 Abandoned Sewers and Sewage Disposal
For the purpose of this section, “within a building” shall Facilities.
mean within the fixed limits of the building foundation. 722.1 Building (House) Sewer. An abandoned building
(house) sewer, or part thereof, shall be plugged or capped in
721.0 Location. an approved manner within 5 feet (1524 mm) of the property
line.
721.1 Building Sewer. Except as provided in Section 721.2,
no building sewer shall be located in a lot other than the lot that 722.2 Cesspools, Septic Tanks, and Seepage Pits. A
is the site of the building or structure served by such sewer nor cesspool, septic tank, and seepage pit that has been abandoned

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 177

or has been discontinued otherwise from further use, or to 726.0 [AGR] Drainage and Plumbing, General.
which no waste or soil pipe from a plumbing fixture is con- 726.1 The outer premises of every official establishment,
nected, shall have the sewage removed therefrom and be com- including docks, areas where cars and other vehicles are
pletely filled with earth, sand, gravel, concrete, or other loaded, driveways, approaches, yards, pens and alleys, shall
approved material. be drained.
722.3 Filling. The top cover or arch over the cesspool, sep- 726.2 Toilet soil lines shall be separated from house drainage
tic tank, or seepage pit shall be removed before filling, and the lines to a point outside the building, and drainage from toilet
filling shall not extend above the top of the vertical portions bowls and urinals shall not be discharged into a grease catch
of the sidewalls or above the level of the outlet pipe until basin.
inspection has been called and the cesspool, septic tank, or
seepage pit has been inspected. After such inspection, the
cesspool, septic tank, or seepage pit shall be filled to the level 727.0 [OSHPD 1] Emergency Sanitary Drainage.
of the top of the ground. 727.1 For new acute care hospital buildings submitted after
722.4 Ownership. No person owning or controlling a the effective date of this code, the hospital shall have an on-
cesspool, septic tank, or seepage pit on the premises of such site holding tank[s] to store sewage and liquid waste sufficient
person or in that portion of a public street, alley, or other pub- to operate essential hospital utilities and equipment in the acute
lic property abutting such premises, shall fail, refuse, or neg- care hospital building, to support 72 hours of continuing oper-
lect to comply with the provisions of this section or upon ation in the event of an emergency. Any general acute care hos-
receipt of notice so to comply from the Authority Having pital in operation after January 1, 2030 shall have an on-site
Jurisdiction. holding tank[s] to store sewage and liquid waste sufficient to
operate essential hospital utilities and equipment in the acute
722.5 Disposal Facilities. Where disposal facilities are care hospital buildings on the campus with an SPC-3, SPC-4,
abandoned consequent to connecting premises with the pub- or SPC-5 rating, to support 72 hours of continuing operation
lic sewer, the permittee making the connection shall fill aban- in the event of an emergency. The emergency waste holding
doned facilities in accordance with the Authority Having capacity shall be based on the Water Conservation/Water
Jurisdiction within 30 days from the time of connecting to the Rationing Plan required in Section 615.4.1. See also Califor-
public sewer. nia Building Code, Part 2, Section 1616A.1.42.
Exception: Hook-ups that allow for the use of transportable
723.0 Building Sewer Test. means of sewage and liquid waste disposal may be provided
723.1 General. Building sewers shall be tested by plugging instead of on-site storage if the hospital has a plan for stor-
the end of the building sewer at its points of connection to the age of sewage and liquid waste. This plan may include the
public sewer or private sewage disposal system and com- use of leak-proof bags if adequate storage of these and other
pletely filling the building sewer with water from the lowest bags of waste are provided. These storage facilities shall com-
to the highest point thereof, or by approved equivalent low- ply with the appropriate local health and environmental
pressure air test. Plastic DWV piping systems shall not be authorities’ requirements, California Department of Public
tested by the air test method. The building sewer shall be Health requirements for medical waste management, and
watertight. comply with the following minimum requirements:
(a) Location[s]. Location[s] shall be provided for waste col-
lection and storage with sufficient space based upon the
724.0 [AGR] Meat and Poultry Processing Plant
volume of projected waste and length of anticipated stor-
Drainage.
age.
724.1 The drainage and plumbing systems must permit the
(b) Enclosure[s]. Lockable room[s] or lockable screened
quick runoff of all water from plant buildings, and of surface
enclosure[s] of adequate capacity to store the quantity
water around the plant buildings, and of surface water around
of waste anticipated shall be provided for the washing
the plant and on the premises; and all such water shall be dis-
and cleaning of containers and for the storage of sewage
posed of in such a manner as to prevent a nuisance or health
and waste water.
hazard.
The room[s] or screened enclosure[s] shall include
724.2 Toilet soil lines shall be separated from house drainage
the following:
lines to a point outside the building unless an automatic back-
water check valve is installed to prevent backflow. Drainage 1. Floor and curb. A sealed concrete floor or other
from toilet bowls and urinals shall not be discharged into a approved impervious flooring with a curb and with
grease catch basin, nor shall such drainage be permitted to a drain connected to the sewer.
enter the sewer lines at a point where there might be a possi- 2. Water. Steam or hot water and cold water supplies in
bility of such drainage backing up and flooding the floor of accordance with the California Plumbing Code.
the building.

725.0 [AGR] Collection Center and Facilities

Drainage. Drainage and plumbing systems shall meet the
requirements of Section 724.1.

178 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
CHAPTER 8 - INDIRECT WASTES
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
CHAPTER 9 - VENTS
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter X X

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections X X X X X X X X X
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
that are listed below
Chapter/Section
903.1(2) X X X
903.1.1 X X
903.1.2 X
903.1.3 X X X X X
906.2.1 X X X X X X
This state agency does not adopt sections identified with the following symbol: †
The Office of the State Fire Marshal’s adoption of this chapter or individual sections is applicable to structures regulated by other state agencies pursuant to
Section 1.11.0.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 185

186 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
CHAPTER 9
VENTS

901.0 General. 903.1.2 [HCD 1] All malleable iron vents shall be gal-
901.1 Applicability. This chapter shall govern the materials, vanized.
design, and installation of plumbing vent systems. 903.1.3 [OSHPD 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5] ABS and PVC instal-
901.2 Vents Required. Each plumbing fixture trap, except lations are not allowed.
as otherwise provided in this code, shall be protected against 903.2 Use of Copper or Copper Alloy Tubing. Copper
siphonage and backpressure, and air circulation shall be or copper alloy tube for underground drainage and vent pip-
ensured throughout all parts of the drainage system by means ing shall have a weight of not less than that of copper or cop-
of vent pipes installed in accordance with the requirements per alloy drainage tube type DWV.
of this chapter and as otherwise required by this code. 903.2.1 Aboveground. Copper or copper alloy tube
901.3 Trap Seal Protection. The vent system shall be for aboveground drainage and vent piping shall have a
designed to prevent a trap seal from being exposed to a pres- weight of not less than that of copper or copper alloy
sure differential that exceeds 1 inch water column (0.24 kPa) drainage tube type DWV.
on the outlet side of the trap. 903.2.2 Prohibited Use. Copper or copper alloy tube
shall not be used for chemical or industrial wastes as
defined in Section 811.0.
902.0 Vents Not Required.
903.2.3 Marking. Copper or copper alloy tubing, in
902.1 Interceptor. Vent piping shall be permitted to be addition to the required incised marking, shall be marked
omitted on an interceptor where such interceptor acts as a pri- in accordance with either ASTM B306 or ASTM B88.
mary settling tank and discharges through a horizontal indi- The colors shall be Type K, green; Type L, blue; Type
rect waste pipe into a secondary interceptor. The second M, red; and Type DWV, yellow.
interceptor shall be properly trapped and vented.
903.3 Changes in Direction. Changes in the direction of
902.2 Bars, Soda Fountains, and Counter. Traps serv- vent piping shall be made by the appropriate use of approved
ing sinks that are part of the equipment of bars, soda foun- fittings, and no such pipe shall be strained or bent. Burred
tains, and counters need not be vented where the location and ends shall be reamed to the full bore of the pipe.
construction of such bars, soda fountains, and counters are
such as to make it impossible to do so. Where such condi-
tions exist, said sinks shall discharge using approved indirect 904.0 Size of Vents.
waste pipes into a floor sink or other approved type of recep- 904.1 Size. The size of vent piping shall be determined from
tor. its length and the total number of fixture units connected
thereto, in accordance with Table 703.2. The diameter of an
individual vent shall be not less than 11⁄4 inches (32 mm) nor
903.0 Materials. less than one-half the diameter of the drain to which it is con-
903.1 Applicable Standards. Vent pipe and fittings shall nected. In addition, the drainage piping of each building and
comply with the applicable standards referenced in Table each connection to a public sewer or a private sewage dis-
701.2, except that: posal system shall be vented by means of one or more vent
(1) No galvanized steel or 304 stainless steel pipe shall be pipes, the aggregate cross-sectional area of which shall be not
installed underground and shall be not less than 6 inches less than that of the largest required building sewer as deter-
mined from Table 703.2. Vent pipes from fixtures located
(152 mm) aboveground.
upstream from pumps, ejectors, backwater valves, or other
(2) ABS and PVC DWV piping installations shall be in devices that obstruct the free flow of air and other gases
accordance with the firestop protection requirements in between the building sewer and the outside atmosphere shall
the California Building Code. Except for individual sin- not be used for meeting the cross-sectional area venting
gle-family dwelling units, materials exposed within ducts requirements of this section.
or plenums shall have a flame-spread index of not more Exception: Where connected to a common building sewer, the
than 25 and a smoke-developed index of not more than drainage piping of two or more buildings located on the same
50 where tested in accordance with ASTM E84 or UL lot and under one ownership shall be permitted to be vented by
723. Plastic piping installed in plenums shall be tested in means of piping sized in accordance with Table 703.2, pro-
accordance with all requirements of ASTM E84 or UL vided the aggregate cross-sectional area of vents is not less than
723. Mounting methods, supports and sample sizes of that of the largest required common building sewer.
materials for testing that are not specified in ASTM E84 904.2 Length. Not more than one-third of the total permit-
or UL 723 shall be prohibited. ted length, in accordance with Table 703.2, of a minimum-
903.1.1 [HCD 1 & HCD 2] ABS or PVC installations sized vent shall be installed in a horizontal position. Where a
are limited to not more than two stories of areas of resi- minimum-sized vent is increased one pipe size for its entire
dential accommodation. length, the maximum length limitation shall not apply.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 187

VENTS

905.0 Vent Pipe Grades and Connections. 906.5 Joints. Joints at the roof around vent pipes shall be
905.1 Grade. Vent and branch vent pipes shall be free from made watertight by the use of approved flashings or flashing
drops or sags, and each such vent shall be level or shall be so material.
graded and connected as to drip back by gravity to the 906.6 Lead. (See Chapter 17) Sheet lead shall comply with
drainage pipe it serves. the following:
905.2 Horizontal Drainage Pipe. Where vents connect to (1) For safe pans – not less than 4 pounds per square foot
a horizontal drainage pipe, each vent pipe shall have its invert (lb/ft2) (19 kg/m2) or 1⁄16 of an inch (1.6 mm) thick.
taken off above the drainage centerline of such pipe down- (2) For flashings or vent terminals – not less than 3 lb/ft2 (15
stream of the trap being served. kg/m2) or 0.0472 of an inch (1.2 mm) thick.
905.3 Vent Pipe Rise. Unless prohibited by structural con- (3) Lead bends and lead traps shall be not less than 1⁄8 of an
ditions, each vent shall rise vertically to a point not less than inch (3.2 mm) in wall thickness.
6 inches (152 mm) above the flood-level rim of the fixture
906.7 Frost or Snow Closure. Where frost or snow clo-
served before offsetting horizontally, and where two or more
sure is likely to occur in locations having minimum design
vent pipes converge, each such vent pipe shall rise to a point
temperature below 0°F (-17.8°C), vent terminals shall be not
not less than 6 inches (152 mm) in height above the flood-
less than 2 inches (50 mm) in diameter, but in no event
level rim of the plumbing fixture it serves before being con-
smaller than the required vent pipe. The change in diameter
nected to any other vent. Vents less than 6 inches (152 mm)
shall be made inside the building not less than 1 foot (305
above the flood-level rim of the fixture shall be installed with
mm) below the roof in an insulated space and terminate not
approved drainage fittings, material, and grade to the drain.
less than 10 inches (254 mm) above the roof, or in accordance
905.4 Roof Termination. Vent pipes shall extend undi- with the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
minished in size above the roof, or shall be reconnected with
soil or waste vent of the proper size.
907.0 Vent Stacks and Relief Vents.
905.5 Location of Opening. The vent pipe opening from
soil or waste pipe, except for water closets and similar fix- 907.1 Drainage Stack. Each drainage stack that extends 10
tures, shall not be below the weir of the trap. or more stories shall be served by a parallel vent stack, which
shall extend undiminished in size from its upper terminal and
905.6 Common Vertical Pipe. Two fixtures shall be per-
connect to the drainage stack at or immediately below the
mitted to be served by a common vertical pipe where each
lowest fixture drain. Each such vent stack shall also be con-
such fixture wastes separately into an approved double fitting
nected to the drainage stack at each fifth floor, counting down
having inlet openings at the same level.
from the uppermost fixture drain, using a yoke vent, the size
of which shall be not less in diameter than either the drainage
906.0 Vent Termination. or the vent stack, whichever is smaller.
906.1 Roof Termination. Each vent pipe or stack shall 907.2 Yoke Vent. The yoke vent connection to the vent stack
extend through its flashing and shall terminate vertically not shall be placed not less than 42 inches (1067 mm) above the
less than 6 inches (152 mm) above the roof nor less than 1 floor level, and the yoke vent connection to the drainage stack
foot (305 mm) from a vertical surface. ABS and PVC piping shall be using a wye-branch fitting placed below the lowest
exposed to sunlight shall be protected by water based syn- drainage branch connection serving that floor.
thetic latex paints.
906.2 Clearance. Each vent shall terminate not less than 908.0 Wet Venting.
10 feet (3048 mm) from, or not less than 3 feet (914 mm)
908.1 Vertical Wet Venting. Wet venting is limited to ver-
above, an openable window, door, opening, air intake, or vent
tical drainage piping receiving the discharge from the trap
shaft, or not less than 3 feet (914 mm) in every direction from
arm of one and two fixture unit fixtures that also serves as a
a lot line, alley and street excepted.
vent not exceeding four fixtures. Wet-vented fixtures shall be
906.2.1 [OSHPD 1,1R, 2, 3, 4 & 5] Each vent pipe within the same story; provided, further, that fixtures with a
shall terminate not less than twenty-five (25) feet (7620 continuous vent discharging into a wet vent shall be within
mm) from any air intake or vent shaft. the same story as the wet-vented fixtures. No wet vent shall
906.3 Use of Roof. Vent pipes shall be extended separately exceed 6 feet (1829 mm) in developed length.
or combined, of full required size, not less than 6 inches (152 908.1.1 Size. The vertical piping between two consec-
mm) above the roof or firewall. Flagpoling of vents shall be utive inlet levels shall be considered a wet-vented sec-
prohibited except where the roof is used for assembly pur- tion. Each wet-vented section shall be not less than one
poses or parking. Vents within 10 feet (3048 mm) of a part of pipe size exceeding the required minimum waste pipe
the roof that is used for assembly purposes or parking shall size of the upper fixture or shall be one pipe size exceed-
extend not less than 7 feet (2134 mm) above such roof and ing the required minimum pipe size for the sum of the
shall securely stay. fixture units served by such wet-vented section,
906.4 Outdoor Installations. Vent pipes for outdoor whichever is larger, but in no case less than 2 inches (50
installations shall extend not less than 10 feet (3048 mm) mm) in diameter.
above the surrounding ground and shall be securely sup- 908.1.2 Vent Connection. Common vent sizing shall
ported. be the sum of the fixture units served but, in no case,

188 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

VENTS

smaller than the minimum vent pipe size required for a fitting or an assembly of a 45 degree (0.79 rad), a 90 degree
fixture served, or by Section 904.0. (1.57 rad), and a 45 degree (0.79 rad) elbow in the order
908.2 Horizontal Wet Venting for a Bathroom Group. named. Pipe sizing shall be as elsewhere required in this code.
A bathroom group located on the same floor level shall be The island sink drain, upstream of the returned vent, shall
permitted to be vented by a horizontal wet vent where all of serve no other fixtures. An accessible cleanout shall be
the conditions of Section 908.2.1 through Section 908.2.5 are installed in the vertical portion of the foot vent.
met.
908.2.1 Vent Connection. The dry vent connection to 910.0 Combination Waste and Vent Systems.
the wet vent shall be an individual vent for the bidet, 910.1 Where Permitted. Combination waste and vent sys-
shower, or bathtub. One or two vented lavatory(s) shall tems shall be permitted where structural conditions preclude
be permitted to serve as a wet vent for a bathroom group. the installation of conventional systems as otherwise pre-
Only one wet-vented fixture drain or trap arm shall dis- scribed by this code.
charge upstream of the dry-vented fixture drain connec-
910.2 Approval. Construction documents for each combi-
tion. Dry vent connections to the horizontal wet vent
nation waste and vent system shall first be approved by the
shall be in accordance with Section 905.2 and Section
Authority Having Jurisdiction before a portion of such system
905.3.
is installed.
908.2.2 Size. The wet vent shall be sized based on the
910.3 Vents. Each combination waste and vent system, as
fixture unit discharge into the wet vent. The wet vent
defined in Chapter 2, shall be provided with a vent or vents
shall be not less than 2 inches (50 mm) in diameter for 4
adequate to ensure free circulation of air. A branch exceeding
drainage fixture units (dfu) or less, and not less than 3
15 feet (4572 mm) in length shall be separately vented in an
inches (80 mm) in diameter for 5 dfu or more. The dry
approved manner. The area of a vent installed in a combina-
vent shall be sized in accordance with Table 702.1 and
tion waste and vent system shall be not less than one-half the
Table 703.2 based on the total fixture units discharging inside cross-sectional area of the drain pipe served. The vent
into the wet vent. connection shall be downstream of the uppermost fixture.
908.2.3 Trap Arm. The length of the trap arm shall not 910.4 Size. Each waste pipe and each trap in such a system
exceed the limits in Table 1002.2. The trap size shall be shall be not less than two pipe sizes exceeding the sizes
in accordance with Section 1003.3. The vent pipe open- required by Chapter 7 of this code, and not less than two pipe
ing from the horizontal wet vent, except for water clos- sizes exceeding a fixture tailpiece or connection.
ets and similar fixtures, shall not be below the weir of
the trap. 910.5 Vertical Waste Pipe. No vertical waste pipe shall be
used in such a system, except the tailpiece or connection
908.2.4 Water Closet. The water closet fixture drain or between the outlet of a plumbing fixture and the trap. Such
trap arm connection to the wet vent shall be downstream tailpieces or connections shall be as short as possible, and in
of fixture drain or trap arm connections to the horizontal no case shall exceed 2 feet (610 mm).
wet vent.
Exception: Branch lines shall be permitted to have 45 degree
908.2.5 Additional Fixtures. Additional fixtures shall (0.79 rad) vertical offsets.
discharge downstream of the wet vent system and be
conventionally vented. Only the fixtures within the bath- 910.6 Cleanouts. An accessible cleanout shall be installed
room group shall connect to the wet-vented horizontal in each vent for the combination waste and vent system.
branch. Cleanouts shall not be required on a wet-vented branch serv-
ing a single trap where the fixture tailpiece or connection is
not less than 2 inches (50 mm) in diameter and provides ready
909.0 Special Venting for Island Fixtures. access for cleaning through the trap.
909.1 General. Traps for island sinks and similar equipment 910.7 Fixtures. No water closet or urinal shall be installed
shall be roughed in above the floor and shall be permitted to on such a system. Other one, two, or three unit fixtures
be vented by extending the vent as high as possible, but not remotely located from the sanitary system and adjacent to a
less than the drainboard height and then returning it down- combination waste and vent system shall be permitted to be
ward and connecting it to the horizontal sink drain immedi- connected to such system in the conventional manner by
ately downstream from the vertical fixture drain. The return means of waste and vent pipes of regular sizes, providing that
vent shall be connected to the horizontal drain through a wye- the two pipe size increase required in Section 910.4 is based
branch fitting and shall, in addition, be provided with a foot on the total fixture unit load connected to the system.
vent taken off the vertical fixture vent by means of a wye See Appendix B of this code for explanatory notes on the
branch immediately below the floor and extending to the design of combination waste and vent systems.
nearest partition and then through the roof to the open air, or
shall be permitted to be connected to other vents at a point
not less than 6 inches (152 mm) above the flood-level rim of 911.0 Circuit Venting.
the fixtures served. Drainage fittings shall be used on the vent 911.1 Circuit Vent Permitted. A maximum of eight floor-
below the floor level, and a slope of not less than 1⁄4 inch per outlet water closets, showers, bathtubs, or floor drains con-
foot (20.8 mm/m) back to the drain shall be maintained. The nected to a horizontal branch shall be permitted to be circuit
return bend used under the drainboard shall be a one-piece vented. Each trap arm shall connect horizontally to the hori-

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 189

VENTS

zontal branch being circuit vented in accordance with Table branch drain. Such fixtures shall be located on the same floor
1002.2. The horizontal branch shall be classified as a drain and as the circuit-vented fixtures and shall be either individually
a vent from the most downstream trap arm connection to the or common vented.
most upstream trap arm connection to the horizontal branch.
Exception: Back-outlet and wall-hung water closets shall be 912.0 Engineered Vent System.
permitted to be circuit vented provided that no floor-outlet
912.1 General. The design and sizing of a vent system shall
fixtures are connected to the same horizontal branch.
be permitted to be determined by accepted engineering prac-
911.2 Circuit Vent Size and Connection. The circuit vent tices. The system shall be designed by a registered design pro-
size shall be in accordance with Table 703.2 according to the fessional and approved in accordance with Section 301.5.
number of circuit vented fixtures connected to the horizontal
912.2 Minimum Requirements. An engineered vent sys-
branch but shall be not less than 2 inches (50 mm) in diame-
tem shall provide protection of the trap seal in accordance
ter. The vent shall connect to the horizontal branch on the ver-
with Section 901.3.
tical between the two most upstream trap arms. The circuit
vent pipe shall not receive the discharge of soil or waste.
911.2.1 Multiple Circuit Vents. When multiple circuit
vents are interconnected according to Section 911.4.1,
each individual circuit vent shall be sized according to
Section 911.2. The vent pipe connecting each circuit vent
shall be sized according to Table 703.2.
» 911.3 Relief Vent. A 2 inch (50 mm) relief vent shall be pro-
vided for circuit-vented horizontal branches receiving the dis-
charge of four or more water closets when connecting to a
drainage stack that receives the discharge of soil or waste
from upper horizontal branches.
» 911.3.1 Connection and Installation. The relief vent
shall connect to the horizontal branch between the stack
and the most downstream trap arm of the circuit vent.
The relief vent shall be installed on the vertical to the
horizontal branch.
» 911.3.2 Fixture Drain. The relief vent is permitted to
serve as a fixture drain. Fixtures discharging to a relief
vent shall be one or two fixture unit fixtures but shall not
exceed a total of 4 fixture units.
911.4 Slope and Size of Horizontal Branch. The vented
section of the horizontal branch shall be uniformly sloped and
not more than 1 inch per foot (83.3 mm/m). The entire length
of the vented section of the horizontal branch shall be sized
for the total drainage discharge to the branch according to
Table 703.2.
911.4.1 Multiple Circuit-Vented Branches. Circuit-
vented horizontal branches are permitted to be connected
together. Each group of a maximum of eight fixtures
shall be considered a separate circuit vent and shall be in
accordance with Section 911.4.1.1 and Section 911.4.1.2.
911.4.1.1 Size of Parallel Horizontal
Branches. Parallel horizontal circuit vented
branches shall be permitted to connect on the same
floor level. Each separate circuit-vented horizontal
branch that is interconnected shall be sized inde-
pendently in accordance with Section 911.4.
911.4.1.2 Size of Continuous Horizontal
Branches. Two or more circuit vented systems
continuous on the same horizontal branch shall be
uniformly sized for the total discharge into the
branch.
911.5 Additional Fixtures. Fixtures, other than the circuit-
vented fixtures, are permitted to discharge to the horizontal

190 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
CHAPTER 10 – TRAPS AND INTERCEPTORS
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter X X X

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections X X X X X X X X X
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
that are listed below
Chapter/Section
1003.1 Exception 2 X X
1010.2 & Subsections X
1010.3 X
1010.4 X
1010.5 & Subsections X
1014.1A X X X X X X
1014.1B X X X X X X
1014.1C X X X X X X
1015.5 X X X X X X
1015.6 X X X X X X
This state agency does not adopt sections identified with the following symbol: †
The Office of the State Fire Marshal’s adoption of this chapter or individual sections is applicable to structures regulated by other state agencies pursuant to
Section 1.11.0.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 191

192 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
CHAPTER 10
TRAPS AND INTERCEPTORS

1001.0 General. 1002.3 Change of Direction. A trap arm shall be permit-

1001.1 Applicability. This chapter shall govern the materi- ted to change direction without the use of a cleanout where
als, design, and installation of traps and interceptors. such change of direction does not exceed 90 degrees (1.57
rad). Horizontal changes in the direction of trap arms shall be
1001.2 Where Required. Each plumbing fixture shall be in accordance with Section 706.3.
separately trapped by an approved type of liquid seal trap.
This section shall not apply to fixtures with integral traps. Not Exception: For trap arms, 3 inches (80 mm) in diameter and
more than one trap shall be permitted on a trap arm. Food larger, the change of direction shall not exceed 135 degrees
waste disposers installed with a set of restaurant, commer- (2.36 rad) without the use of a cleanout.
cial, or industrial sinks shall be connected to a separate trap. 1002.4 Vent Pipe Opening. The vent pipe opening from
Each domestic clothes washer and each laundry tub shall be soil or waste pipe, except for water closets and similar fix-
connected to a separate and independent trap, except that a tures, shall not be below the weir of the trap.
trap serving a laundry tub shall also be permitted to receive
the waste from a clothes washer set adjacent to it. The verti- 1003.0 Traps – Described.
cal distance between a fixture outlet and the trap weir shall be
1003.1 General Requirements. Each trap, except for
as short as practicable, but in no case shall the tailpiece
traps within an interceptor or similar device shall be self-
exceed 24 inches (610 mm) in length. One trap shall be per-
cleaning. Traps for bathtubs, showers, lavatories, sinks, laun-
mitted to serve a set of not more than three single compart-
dry tubs, floor drains, urinals, drinking fountains, dental units,
ment sinks or laundry tubs of the same depth or three
and similar fixtures shall be of standard design, weight and
lavatories immediately adjacent to each other and in the same
shall be of ABS, cast-brass, cast-iron, lead, PP, PVC, or other
room where the waste outlets are not more than 30 inches approved material. An exposed and readily accessible drawn-
(762 mm) apart, and the trap is centrally located where three copper alloy tubing trap, not less than 17 B & S Gauge (0.045
compartments are installed. inch) (1.143 mm), shall be permitted to be used on fixtures
discharging domestic sewage.
1002.0 Traps Protected by Vent Pipes. Exception:
1002.1 Vent Pipes. Each plumbing fixture trap, except as (1) Drawn-copper alloy tubing traps shall not be used for uri-
otherwise provided in this code, shall be protected against nals. Each trap shall have the manufacturer’s name
siphonage, backpressure, and air circulation shall be assured stamped legibly in the metal of the trap, and each tubing
throughout the drainage system using a vent pipe installed in trap shall have the gauge of the tubing in addition to the
accordance with the requirements of this code. manufacturer’s name. A trap shall have a smooth and
1002.2 Fixture Traps. Each fixture trap shall have a pro- uniform interior waterway.
tecting vent so located that the developed length of the trap (2) [HCD 1 & HCD 2] Non-water supplied urinals conform-
arm from the trap weir to the inner edge of the vent shall be ing to ASME A112.19.19-2016, Standard for Vitreous China
within the distance given in Table 1002.2 but in no case less
Nonwater Urinals, or reference standards in Table 1701.1
than two times the diameter of the trap arm.
for non-vitreous ceramic or plastic urinal fixtures.
TABLE 1002.2 1003.2 Slip Joint Fittings. A maximum of one approved
HORIZONTAL LENGTHS OF TRAP ARMS slip joint fitting shall be permitted to be used on the outlet
(EXCEPT FOR WATER CLOSETS AND SIMILAR FIXTURES)1, 2 side of a trap, and no tubing trap shall be installed without a
DISTANCE TRAP TO listed tubing trap adapter. Listed plastic trap adapters shall be
TRAP ARM PIPE LENGTH MAXIMUM
DIAMETER (inches)
VENT MINIMUM
(inches) permitted to be used to connect listed metal tubing traps.
(inches)
1003.3 Size. The size (nominal diameter) of a trap for a
11⁄4 21⁄2 30
given fixture shall be sufficient to drain the fixture rapidly
11⁄2 3 42
but in no case less than nor more than one pipe size larger
2 4 60 than given in Table 702.1. The trap shall be the same size as
3 6 72 the trap arm to which it is connected.
4 8 120
Exceeding 4 2 x Diameter 120
1004.0 Traps.
For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm
Notes: 1004.1 Prohibited. No form of trap that depends for its seal
1
Maintain 1⁄4 inch per foot slope (20.8 mm/m). upon the action of movable parts shall be used. No trap that
2
The developed length between the trap of a water closet or similar fixture has concealed interior partitions, except those of plastic, glass,
(measured from the top of the closet flange to the inner edge of the vent) or similar corrosion-resisting material, shall be used. “S” traps,
and its vent shall not exceed 6 feet (1829 mm). bell traps, and crown-vented traps shall be prohibited. No fix-

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 193

TRAPS AND INTERCEPTORS

ture shall be double trapped. Drum and bottle traps shall be 1009.2 Approval. The size, type, and location of each inter-
installed for special conditions. No trap shall be installed with- ceptor (clarifier) or separator shall be approved by the Author-
out a vent, except as otherwise provided in this code. ity Having Jurisdiction. Except where otherwise specifically
1004.2 Movable Parts. Bladders, check valves or another permitted, no wastes other than those requiring treatment or
type of devices with moveable parts shall be prohibited to separation shall be discharged into an interceptor (clarifier).
serve as a trap. 1009.3 Design. Interceptors (clarifiers) for sand and similar
heavy solids shall be so designed and located as to be readily
1005.0 Trap Seals. accessible for cleaning and shall have a water seal of not less
than 6 inches (152 mm).
1005.1 General. Each fixture trap shall have a liquid seal of
not less than 2 inches (51 mm) and not more than 4 inches 1009.4 Relief Vent. Interceptors (clarifiers) shall be so
(102 mm), except where a deeper seal is found necessary by designed that they will not become air-bound where closed cov-
the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Traps shall be set true with ers are used. Each interceptor (clarifier) shall be properly vented.
respect to their liquid seals and, where necessary, they shall 1009.5 Location. Each interceptor (clarifier) cover shall be
be protected from freezing. readily accessible for servicing and maintaining the interceptor
(clarifier) in working and operating condition. The use of lad-
1006.0 Floor Drain Traps. ders or the removal of bulky equipment to service interceptors
(clarifiers) shall constitute a violation of accessibility. Location
1006.1 General. Floor drains shall connect into a trap so
of interceptors (clarifiers) shall be shown on the approved build-
constructed that it can be readily cleaned and of a size to serve
ing plan.
efficiently the purpose for which it is intended. The drain inlet
shall be so located that it is in full view. Where subject to the 1009.6 Maintenance of Interceptors. Interceptors shall be
reverse flow of sewage or liquid waste, such drains shall be maintained in efficient operating condition by periodic removal
equipped with an approved backwater valve. of accumulated grease, scum, oil, or other floating substances
and solids deposited in the interceptor.
1007.0 Trap Seal Protection. 1009.7 Discharge. The waste pipe from oil and sand inter-
ceptors shall discharge as approved by the Authority Having
1007.1 General. Floor drain or similar traps directly con-
Jurisdiction.
nected to the drainage system and subject to infrequent use
shall be protected with a trap seal primer, except where not
deemed necessary for safety or sanitation by the Authority 1010.0 Slaughterhouses, Packing Establishments, etc.
Having Jurisdiction. Trap seal primers shall be accessible for 1010.1 General. A fish, fowl, and animal slaughterhouse or
maintenance. establishment; a fish, fowl, and meat packing or curing estab-
1007.2 Trap Seal Primers. Potable water supply trap seal lishment; a soap factory, tallow-rendering, fat-rendering, and a
primer valves shall comply with ASSE 1018. Drainage and hide-curing establishment shall be connected to and shall drain
electronic design type trap seal primer devices shall comply or discharge into an approved grease interceptor (clarifier).
with ASSE 1044.
1010.2 [AGR] Meat and Poultry Processing Plants.
1010.2.1 Drainage and Plumbing Systems.
1008.0 Building Traps. Drainage and plumbing systems shall meet the require-
1008.1 General. Building traps shall not be installed except ments of Section 724.0.
where required by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Each 1010.2.1.1 Each floor drain shall be equipped with
building trap where installed shall be provided with a cleanout
a deep-seal trap.
and with a relieving vent or fresh-air intake on the inlet side
of the trap, which needs not be larger than one-half the diam- 1010.2.2 The plumbing shall be installed so as to prevent
eter of the drain to which it connects. Such relieving vent or sewage from backing up and flooding the floor.
fresh-air intake shall be carried above grade and terminate in Exception: Floor drains in areas not regularly washed
a screened outlet located outside the building. down will be acceptable with deep-seal traps, provided
that such drains are connected to secondary drainage
1009.0 Interceptors (Clarifiers) and Separators. systems discharging into a safe sink or basin (air gap)
that is properly trapped and vented, and that such drains
1009.1 Where Required. Interceptors (clarifiers) (includ-
accomplish the objectives and intent of this section.
ing grease, oil, sand, solid interceptors, etc.) shall be required
by the Authority Having Jurisdiction where they are neces- 1010.2.3 Interceptor traps which are connected with the
sary for the proper handling of liquid wastes containing sewer system shall not be near any edible products
grease, flammable wastes, sand, solids, acid or alkaline sub- department or in any area where products are unloaded
stances, or other ingredients harmful to the building drainage from or loaded into vehicles. To facilitate cleaning, such
system, the public or private sewer, or to public or private traps shall have inclined bottoms and be provided with
sewage disposal. suitable covers.

194 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

TRAPS AND INTERCEPTORS

1010.3 [AGR] Collection Centers and Facilities. All A112.14.3, ASME A112.14.4, CSA B481, PDI G-101, or PDI
drains shall be properly installed with adequate deep-sealed G-102, and sized in accordance with Section 1014.2.1 or Sec-
traps of the conventional “P,” “U” or “S” type and vents. tion 1014.3.6, shall be installed in accordance with the manu-
1010.4 [AGR] Horse Meat and Pet Food Establish- facturer’s installation instructions to receive the drainage from
ments. There shall be an efficient drainage and plumbing fixtures or equipment that produce grease-laden waste. Grease-
system for the establishment and premises. All drains and gut- laden waste fixtures shall include, but not be limited to, sinks
ters shall be installed with traps and vents approved by the and drains, such as floor drains, floor sinks, and other fixtures
Department. or equipment in serving establishments, such as restaurants,
cafes, lunch counters, cafeterias, bars and clubs, hotels, hospi-
1010.5 [AGR] Draining and Plumbing. There shall be
tals, sanitariums, factory or school kitchens, or other establish-
an efficient drainage and plumbing system for the plant and
ments where grease is introduced into the drainage or sewage
premises.
system in quantities that can effect line stoppage or hinder
1010.5.1 Drainage and Gutters. All drains and gut- sewage treatment or private sewage disposal systems. A com-
ters shall be properly installed with approved traps and bination of hydromechanical, gravity grease interceptors and
vents. The drainage and plumbing system must permit engineered systems shall be allowed to meet this code and other
the quick runoff of all water from plant buildings, and of applicable requirements of the Authority Having Jurisdiction
surface water around the plant on the premises, and all where space or existing physical constraints of existing build-
such water shall be disposed of in such a manner as to ings necessitate such installations. A grease interceptor shall not
prevent a nuisance or health hazard. be required for individual dwelling units or private living quar-
1010.5.2 Sewage and Plant Waste. The sewer sys- ters. Water closets, urinals, and other plumbing fixtures con-
tem have adequate slope and capacity to remove readily veying human waste shall not drain into or through the grease
all waste from the various processing operations and to interceptor.
minimize, or if possible, prevent stoppage and surcharg- 1014.1A [OSHPD 1, 1R, 2, 3, 4 & 5] The Authority Having
ing of the system. When the sewage disposal system is a Jurisdiction is the individual official, board, department or
private system which is required to be approved by a agency authorized to administer and enforce the sewage
state or local health authority, the applicant shall fur- treatment system in the area of the location of the health facil-
nish the administrator a letter from the proper health ity.
authority indicating that the sewage disposal system is
1014.1B [OSHPD 1, 1R, 2, 3, 4 & 5] Grease interceptors
acceptable to such authority.
shall not be installed in food preparation area of the kitchens.
1014.1C [OSHPD 1, 1R, 2, 3, 4 & 5] Grease interceptors
1011.0 Minimum Requirements for Auto Wash Racks. shall be installed outside of the kitchen area in location
1011.1 General. A private or public wash rack or floor or slab affording ease of maintenance and servicing.
used for cleaning machinery or machine parts shall be ade- 1014.1.1 Trapped and Vented. Each fixture discharg-
quately protected against storm or surface water and shall drain ing into a grease interceptor shall be individually trapped
or discharge into an approved interceptor (clarifier). and vented in an approved manner.
1014.1.2 Maintenance. Grease interceptors shall be
1012.0 Commercial and Industrial Laundries. maintained in efficient operating condition by periodic
1012.1 General. Laundry equipment in commercial and indus- removal of the accumulated grease and latent material.
trial buildings that do not have integral strainers shall discharge No such collected grease shall be introduced into
into an interceptor having a wire basket or similar device that is drainage piping or a public or private sewer. Where the
removable for cleaning and that will prevent passage into the Authority Having Jurisdiction determines that a grease
drainage system of solids 1⁄2 of an inch (12.7 mm) or larger in interceptor is not being properly cleaned or maintained,
maximum dimensions, such as string, rags, buttons, or other the Authority Having Jurisdiction shall have the author-
solid materials detrimental to the public sewerage system. ity to mandate the installation of additional equipment or
devices and to mandate a maintenance program.
1014.1.3 Food Waste Disposers and Dishwashers.
1013.0 Bottling Establishments.
No food waste disposer or dishwasher shall be connected
1013.1 General. Bottling plants shall discharge their process to or discharge into a grease interceptor. Commercial
wastes into an interceptor that will provide for the separation of food waste disposers shall be permitted to discharge
broken glass or other solids, before discharging liquid wastes directly into the building’s drainage system.
into the drainage system.
Exception: Food waste disposers shall be permitted to
discharge to grease interceptors that are designed to
1014.0 Grease Interceptors. receive the discharge of food waste.
1014.1 General. Where it is determined by the Authority Hav- 1014.2 Hydromechanical Grease Interceptors. Plumb-
ing Jurisdiction that waste pretreatment is required, an approved ing fixtures or equipment connected to a Type A and B hydro-
type of grease interceptor(s) shall comply with ASME mechanical grease interceptor shall discharge through an

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 195

TRAPS AND INTERCEPTORS

approved type of vented flow control installed in a readily Step 2: Calculate the total load from fixtures that discharge into
accessible and visible location. Flow control devices shall be the interceptor.
designed and installed so that the total flow through such SIZE OF
device or devices shall at no time be greater than the rated flow GREASE TWO-
of the connected grease interceptor. No flow control device COMPART- LOAD
INTERCEPTOR MINUTE
FIXTURES ONE-MINUTE DRAINAGE
having adjustable or removable parts shall be approved. The MENTS (gallons)
DRAINAGE PERIOD
vented flow control device shall be located such that no sys- PERIOD (gpm)
tem vent shall be between the flow control and the grease (gpm)

interceptor inlet. The vent or air inlet of the flow control device Compartment
–– –– –– ––
shall connect with the sanitary drainage vent system, as else- size
where required by this code, or shall terminate through the 24 inches x 24
roof of the building, and shall not terminate to the free atmos- inches x 12 2 44.9 –– ––
inches
phere inside the building.
Hydrant –– 3 –– ––
Exception: Listed grease interceptors with integral flow con- Rated
trols or restricting devices shall be installed in an accessible –– 2 –– ––
Appliance
location in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation –– –– 49.9 50 25
instructions. For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 gallon per minute = 0.06 L/s, 1 gallon =
1014.2.1 Capacity. The total capacity in gallons (gal) 3.785 L
(L) of fixtures discharging into a hydromechanical grease
interceptor shall not exceed two and one-half times the 1014.3 Gravity Grease Interceptors. Required gravity
certified gallon per minute (gpm) (L/s) flow rate of the grease interceptors shall comply with the provisions of Sec-
interceptor in accordance with Table 1014.2.1. tion 1014.3.1 through Section 1014.3.7.
For this section, the term “fixture” shall mean and 1014.3.1 General. The provisions of this section shall
include each plumbing fixture, appliance, apparatus, or apply to the design, construction, installation, and testing
other equipment required to be connected to or discharged of commercial kitchen gravity grease interceptors.
into a grease interceptor by a provision of this section.
1014.3.2 Waste Discharge Requirements. Waste
1014.2.2 Vent. A vent shall be installed downstream of discharge in establishments from fixtures and equipment
hydromechanical grease interceptors in accordance with which contain grease, including but not limited to,
the requirements of this code. scullery sinks, pot and pan sinks, dishwashers, soup ket-
tles, and floor drains located in areas where grease-con-
TABLE 1014.2.1 taining materials exist, shall be permitted to be drained
HYDROMECHANICAL GREASE INTERCEPTOR SIZING into the sanitary waste through the interceptor where
USING GRAVITY FLOW RATES1 approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
SIZE OF GREASE INTERCEPTOR 1014.3.2.1 Toilets and Urinals. Toilets, urinals,
DIAMETER OF MAXIMUM FULL
GREASE WASTE PIPE FLOW
ONE-MINUTE TWO-MINUTE and other similar fixtures shall not drain through the
DRAINAGE DRAINAGE
PIPE (inches) (gpm)2 PERIOD PERIOD interceptor.
(gpm) (gpm)
1014.3.2.2 Inlet Pipe. Waste shall enter the inter-
2 20 20 10 ceptor through the inlet pipe.
3 60 75 35
1014.3.3 Design. Gravity interceptors shall be con-
4 125 150 75
structed in accordance with the applicable standard in
5 230 250 125
Chapter 17 or the design approved by the Authority Hav-
6 375 400 200
ing Jurisdiction.
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 gallon per minute = 0.06 L/s
Notes: 1014.3.4 Location. Each grease interceptor shall be so
1
For interceptor sizing by the fixture capacity see the example below. installed and connected that it shall be easily accessible
2 1
∕4 inch slope per foot (20.8 mm/m) based on Manning’s formula with fric- for inspection, cleaning, and removal of the intercepted
tion factor N = 0.012.
grease. A gravity grease interceptor that complies with
IAPMO Z1001 shall not be installed in a building where
food is handled. Location of the grease interceptor shall
EXAMPLE 1014.2.1 meet the approval of the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
SIZING HYDROMECHANICAL GREASE INTERCEPTOR(S) 1014.3.4.1 Interceptors. Interceptors shall be
USING FIXTURE CAPACITY placed as close as practical to the fixtures they serve.
Step 1: Determine the flow rate from each fixture. 1014.3.4.2 Business Establishment. Each
[Length] X [Width] X [Depth] / [231] = Gallons X [0.75 fill factor] / [Drain business establishment for which a gravity grease
Period (1 minute or 2 minutes)] interceptor is required shall have an interceptor

196 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

TRAPS AND INTERCEPTORS

which shall serve that establishment unless other- EXAMPLE 1014.3.6

wise approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. GRAVITY GREASE INTERCEPTOR SIZING EXAMPLE

1014.3.4.3 Access. Each gravity grease intercep- Given: A restaurant with the following fixtures and equipment.
tor shall be located to be readily accessible to the One food preparation sink; three-floor drains - one in the food
equipment required for maintenance. prep area, one in the grill area, and one receiving the indirect
waste from the ice machine and a mop sink.
1014.3.5 Construction Requirements. Gravity
grease interceptors shall be designed to remove grease
from effluent and shall be sized in accordance with this Kitchen Drain Line DFU Count (from Table 702.1):
section. Gravity grease interceptors shall also be 3 floor drains at 2 DFUs each = 6 DFUs
designed to retain grease until accumulations can be Mop sink at 3 DFUs each = 3 DFUs
removed by pumping the interceptor. It is recommended
Food prep sink at 3 DFUs each = 3 DFUs
that a sample box is located at the outlet end of gravity
grease interceptors so that the Authority Having Juris- Total = 12 DFUs
diction can periodically sample effluent quality.
1014.3.6 Sizing Criteria. The volume of the intercep- Using Table 1014.3.6, the grease interceptor will be sized at
tor shall be determined by using Table 1014.3.6. Where 750 gallons (2389 L).
drainage fixture units (DFUs) are not known, the inter-
ceptor shall be sized based on the maximum DFUs 1014.3.7 Abandoned Gravity Grease Intercep-
allowed for the pipe size connected to the inlet of the tors. Abandoned grease interceptors shall be pumped
interceptor. Refer to Table 703.2, Drainage Piping, Hor- and filled as required for abandoned sewers and sewage
izontal. disposal facilities in Section 722.0.

TABLE 1014.3.6 1015.0 FOG (Fats, Oils, and Greases) Disposal Sys-
GRAVITY GREASE INTERCEPTOR SIZING tem.
DRAINAGE FIXTURE UNITS1, 3 INTERCEPTOR VOLUME2 1015.1 Purpose. The purpose of this section is to provide
(DFUs) (gallons) the necessary criteria for the sizing, application, and installa-
8 500 tion of FOG disposal systems designated as a pretreatment or
discharge water quality compliance strategy.
21 750
1015.2 Components, Materials, and Equipment. FOG
35 1000 disposal systems, including components, materials, and
90 1250 equipment necessary for the proper function of the system,
shall comply with ASME A112.14.6.
172 1500
1015.3 Sizing and Installation. FOG disposal systems
216 2000 shall be sized and installed in accordance with the manufac-
307 2500 turer’s installation instructions.
342 3000 1015.4 Performance. FOG disposal systems shall produce
an effluent quality not to exceed 5.84 grains per gallon
428 4000
(gr/gal) (100 mg/L) FOG.
576 5000 1015.5 [OSHPD 1, 1R, 2, 3, 4 & 5] Grease interceptors
720 7500 shall not be installed in food preparation area of kitchens.
2112 10 000 1015.6 [OSHPD 1, 1R, 2, 3, 4 & 5] Grease interceptors
2640 15 000
shall be installed outside of the kitchen area in location
affording ease of maintenance and servicing.
For SI units: 1 gallon = 3.785 L
Notes:
1
The maximum allowable DFUs plumbed to the kitchen drain lines that 1016.0 Sand Interceptors.
will be connected to the grease interceptor. 1016.1 Discharge. Where the discharge of a fixture or drain
2
This size is based on DFUs, the pipe size from this code; Table 703.2; contains solids or semi-solids heavier than water that would
Useful Tables for flow in half-full pipes (ref: Mohinder Nayyar Piping
be harmful to a drainage system or cause a stoppage within
Handbook, 3rd Edition, 1992). Based on 30-minute retention time (ref.:
George Tchobanoglous and Metcalf & Eddy. Wastewater Engineering
the system, the discharge shall be through a sand interceptor.
Treatment, Disposal, and Reuse, 3rd Ed. 1991 & Ronald Crites and Multiple floor drains shall be permitted to discharge into one
George Tchobanoglous. Small and Decentralized Wastewater Manage- sand interceptor.
ment Systems, 1998). Rounded up to nominal interceptor volume. 1016.2 Authority Having Jurisdiction. Sand interceptors
3
Where the flow rate of directly connected fixture(s) or appliance(s) have are required where the Authority Having Jurisdiction deems
no assigned DFU values, the additional grease interceptor volume shall it advisable to have a sand interceptor to protect the drainage
be based on the known flow rate (gpm) (L/s) multiplied by 30 minutes.
system.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 197

TRAPS AND INTERCEPTORS

1016.3 Construction and Size. Sand interceptors shall be flow by gravity or shall be pumped to a higher elevation by an
built of brick or concrete, prefabricated coated steel, or other automatic pump. Pumps shall be adequately sized and acces-
watertight material. The interceptor shall have an interior baf- sible. Waste oil tanks shall have a 2 inch (50 mm) minimum
fle for full separation of the interceptor into two sections. The pump-out connection at grade and an 11⁄2 inch (40 mm) mini-
outlet pipe shall be the same size as the inlet pipe of the sand mum vent to atmosphere at an approved location not less than
interceptor, the minimum being 3 inches (80 mm), and the 10 feet (3048 mm) above grade.
baffle shall have two openings of the same diameter as the 1017.2 Design of Interceptors. Each manufactured inter-
outlet pipe and at the same invert as the outlet pipe. These ceptor that is rated shall be stamped or labeled by the manu-
openings shall be staggered so that there cannot be a straight facturer with an indication of its full discharge rate in gpm
line flow between the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe. The invert (L/s). The full discharge rate to such an interceptor shall be
of the inlet pipe shall be no lower than the invert of the out- determined at full flow. Each interceptor shall be rated equal
let pipe. to or greater than the incoming flow and shall be provided
The sand interceptor shall have a minimum dimension with an overflow line to an underground tank.
of 2 square feet (0.2 m2) for the net free opening of the inlet Interceptors not rated by the manufacturer shall have a
section and a minimum depth under the invert of the outlet depth of not less than 2 feet (610 mm) below the invert of the
pipe of 2 feet (610 mm). discharge drain. The outlet opening shall have not less than an
For each 5 gpm (0.3 L/s) flow or fraction thereof over 20 18 inch (457 mm) water seal and shall have a minimum
gpm (1.26 L/s), the area of the sand interceptor inlet section capacity as follows: Where not more than three motor vehi-
is to be increased by 1 square foot (0.09 m2). The outlet sec- cles are serviced, stored, or both, interceptors shall have a
tion shall at all times have a minimum area of 50 percent of minimum capacity of 6 cubic feet (0.2 m3), and 1 cubic foot
the inlet section. (0.03 m3) of capacity shall be added for each vehicle up to 10
vehicles. Above 10 vehicles, the Authority Having Jurisdic-
The outlet section shall be covered by a solid removable tion shall determine the size of the interceptor required.
cover, set flush with the finished floor, and the inlet section Where vehicles are serviced and not stored, interceptor capac-
shall have an open grating, set flush with the finished floor ity shall be based on a net capacity of 1 cubic foot (0.03 m3)
and suitable for the traffic in the area in which it is located. for each 100 square feet (9.29 m2) of the surface to be drained
1016.4 Separate Use. Sand and similar interceptors for into the interceptor, with a minimum of 6 cubic feet (0.2 m3).
every solid shall be so designed and located as to be readily
accessible for cleaning, shall have a water seal of not less than
6 inches (152 mm), and shall be vented.

1017.0 Oil and Flammable Liquid Interceptors.

1017.1 Interceptors Required. Repair garages and gaso-
line stations with grease racks or grease pits, and factories that
have oily, flammable, or both types of wastes as a result of
manufacturing, storage, maintenance, repair, or testing
processes, shall be provided with an oil or flammable liquid
interceptor that shall be connected to necessary floor drains.
The separation or vapor compartment shall be independently
vented to the outer air. Where two or more separation or vapor
compartments are used, each shall be vented to the outer air or
shall be permitted to connect to a header that is installed at a
minimum of 6 inches (152 mm) above the spill line of the low-
est floor drain and vented independently to the outer air. The
minimum size of a flammable vapor vent shall be not less than
2 inches (50 mm), and, where vented through a sidewall, the
vent shall be not less than 10 feet (3048 mm) above the adja-
cent level at an approved location. The interceptor shall be
vented on the sewer side and shall not connect to a flammable
vapor vent. Oil and flammable interceptors shall be provided
with gastight cleanout covers that shall be readily accessible.
The waste line shall be not less than 3 inches (80 mm) in diam-
eter with a full-size cleanout to grade. Where an interceptor is
provided with an overflow, it shall be provided with an over-
flow line [not less than 2 inches (50 mm) in diameter] to an
approved waste oil tank having a minimum capacity of 550
gallons (2082 L) and meeting the requirements of the Author-
ity Having Jurisdiction. The waste oil from the separator shall

198 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
CHAPTER 11 - STORM DRAINAGE
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter X

the roof drain required for the area served, sized in accor- tered design professional and approved in accordance with
dance with Table 1103.1. Section 301.5.
(10) Flashings shall extend above the top of the scuppers. 1106.2 Siphonic Roof Drainage Systems. The design of
(11) At a wall or parapet, 45 degree (0.79 rad) cants shall be a siphonic roof drainage system shall comply with ASPE 45.
installed. 1106.3 Siphonic Roof Drains. Siphonic roof drains shall
(12) Separate storm and sanitary drainage systems shall be comply with ASME A112.6.9.
provided within the building.
(13) Calculations for the roof drainage system shall be sub- 1107.0 Testing.
mitted along with the plans to the Authority Having 1107.1 Testing Required. New building storm drainage
Jurisdiction for approval. systems and parts of existing systems that have been altered,
extended, or repaired shall be tested in accordance with Sec-
TABLE 1105.1(1) tion 1107.2.1 or Section 1107.2.2 to disclose leaks and
CONTROLLED-FLOW MAXIMUM ROOF WATER DEPTH defects.
MAXIMUM WATER DEPTH AT 1107.2 Methods of Testing Storm Drainage Systems.
ROOF RISE*
(inches)
DRAIN Except for outside leaders and perforated or open-jointed
(inches)
drain tile, the piping of storm drain systems shall be tested
Flat 3 upon completion of the rough piping installation by water or
2 4 air, except that plastic pipe shall not be tested with air, and
4 5 proved tight. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be per-
6 6 mitted to require the removal of cleanout plugs to ascertain
whether the pressure has reached parts of the system. One of
For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm
the following test methods shall be used in accordance with
* Vertical measurement from the roof surface at the drain to the highest
Section 1107.2.1 through Section 1107.2.3.
point of the roof surface served by the drain, ignoring a local depression
immediately adjacent to the drain. 1107.2.1 Water Test. After piping has been installed, the
water test shall be applied to the drainage system, either
to the entire system or sections. Where the test is applied
TABLE 1105.1(2) to the entire system, all openings in the piping shall be
DISTANCE OF SCUPPER BOTTOMS ABOVE ROOF tightly closed except for the highest opening, and the sys-
ROOF RISE*
ABOVE ROOF LEVEL tem shall be filled with water to the point of overflow.
(inches)
AT DRAIN Where the system is tested in sections, each opening shall
(inches)
be tightly plugged except for the highest opening of the
Flat 3 section under test, and each section shall be filled with
2 4 water, but no section shall be tested with less than a 10
4 5 foot (3048 mm) head of water. In testing successive sec-
6 6 tions, not less than the upper 10 feet (3048 mm) of the
For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm next preceding section shall be tested so that no joint of
* Vertical measurement from the roof surface at the drain to the highest pipe in the building except the uppermost 10 feet (3048
point of the roof surface served by the drain, ignoring a local depression mm) of a roof drainage system, which shall be filled with
immediately adjacent to the drain. water to the flood level of the uppermost roof drain, shall
have been submitted to a test of less than 10 foot (3048
mm) head of water. The water shall be kept in the system
1105.2 Setback Roofs. Drains on setback roofs shall be or the portion of the test for not less than 15 minutes
permitted to be connected to the controlled-flow drainage sys- before inspection starts; the system shall then be tight.
tems provided: 1107.2.2 Air Test. The air test shall be made by attach-
(1) The setback is designed for storing water, or ing an air compressor testing apparatus to a suitable
(2) The square footage of the setback drainage area is con- opening after closing other inlets and outlets to the sys-
verted as outlined in Section 1105.0 to gpm, and the tem, forcing air into the system until there is a uniform
storm-water pipe sizes in the controlled-flow system are gauge pressure of 5 pounds-force per square inch (psi)
based on the sum of the loads. (34 kPa) or sufficient pressure to balance a column of
mercury 10 inches (34 kPa) in height. This pressure shall
(3) The branch from each of the roof drains that are not pro-
be held without the introduction of additional air for not
vided with controlled flow shall be sized in accordance
less than 15 minutes.
with Table 1103.1.
1107.2.3 Exceptions. Where circumstances exist that
make air and water tests described in Section 1107.2.1
1106.0 Engineered Storm Drainage System. and Section 1107.2.2 impractical, see Section 105.3.
1106.1 General. The design and sizing of a storm drainage
system shall be permitted to be determined by accepted engi-
neering practices. The system shall be designed by a regis-

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 205

STORM DRAINAGE

TABLE 1103.2
SIZING OF HORIZONTAL RAINWATER PIPING1, 2
FLOW
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE HORIZONTAL PROJECTED ROOF AREAS AT VARIOUS RAINFALL RATES
SIZE OF PIPE (1⁄8 inch per foot
(square feet)
slope)
inches gpm 1 (in/h) 2 (in/h) 3 (in/h) 4 (in/h) 5 (in/h) 6 (in/h)
3 34 3288 1644 1096 822 657 548
4 78 7520 3760 2506 1880 1504 1253
5 139 13 360 6680 4453 3340 2672 2227
6 222 21 400 10 700 7133 5350 4280 3566
8 478 46 000 23 000 15 330 11 500 9200 7670
10 860 82 800 41 400 27 600 20 700 16 580 13 800
12 1384 133 200 66 600 44 400 33 300 26 650 22 200
15 2473 238 000 119 000 79 333 59 500 47 600 39 650

FLOW
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE HORIZONTAL PROJECTED ROOF AREAS AT VARIOUS RAINFALL RATES
SIZE OF PIPE (1⁄4 inch per foot
(square feet)
slope)
inches gpm 1 (in/h) 2 (in/h) 3 (in/h) 4 (in/h) 5 (in/h) 6 (in/h)

3 48 4640 2320 1546 1160 928 773

4 110 10 600 5300 3533 2650 2120 1766
5 196 18 880 9440 6293 4720 3776 3146
6 314 30 200 15 100 10 066 7550 6040 5033
8 677 65 200 32 600 21 733 16 300 13 040 10 866
10 1214 116 800 58 400 38 950 29 200 23 350 19 450
12 1953 188 000 94 000 62 600 47 000 37 600 31 350
15 3491 336 000 168 000 112 000 84 000 67 250 56 000

FLOW
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE HORIZONTAL PROJECTED ROOF AREAS AT VARIOUS RAINFALL RATES
SIZE OF PIPE (1⁄2 inch per foot
(square feet)
slope)
inches gpm 1 (in/h) 2 (in/h) 3 (in/h) 4 (in/h) 5 (in/h) 6 (in/h)

3 68 6576 3288 2192 1644 1310 1096

4 156 15 040 7520 5010 3760 3010 2500
5 278 26 720 13 360 8900 6680 5320 4450
6 445 42 800 21 400 14 267 10 700 8580 7140
8 956 92 000 46 000 30 650 23 000 18 400 15 320
10 1721 165 600 82 800 55 200 41 400 33 150 27 600
12 2768 266 400 133 200 88 800 66 600 53 200 44 400
15 4946 476 000 238 000 158 700 119 000 95 200 79 300
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 gallon per minute = 0.06 L/s, 1⁄8 inch per foot = 10.4 mm/m, 1 inch per hour = 25.4 mm/h, 1 square foot = 0.0929 m2
Notes:
1
The sizing data for horizontal piping are based on the pipes flowing full.
2
For rainfall rates other than those listed, determine the allowable roof area by dividing the area given in the 1 inch per hour (25.4 mm/h) column by the
desired rainfall rate.

206 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

STORM DRAINAGE

TABLE 1103.3
SIZE OF GUTTERS
DIAMETER OF GUTTER MAXIMUM RAINFALL RATES BASED ON ROOF AREA
(1⁄16 inch per foot slope) (square feet)
inches 2 (in/h) 3 (in/h) 4 (in/h) 5 (in/h) 6 (in/h)
3 340 226 170 136 113
4 720 480 360 288 240
5 1250 834 625 500 416
6 1920 1280 960 768 640
7 2760 1840 1380 1100 918
8 3980 2655 1990 1590 1325
10 7200 4800 3600 2880 2400

DIAMETER OF GUTTER MAXIMUM RAINFALL RATES BASED ON ROOF AREA

(1⁄8 inch per foot slope) (square feet)
inches 2 (in/h) 3 (in/h) 4 (in/h) 5 (in/h) 6 (in/h)
3 480 320 240 192 160
4 1020 681 510 408 340
5 1760 1172 880 704 587
6 2720 1815 1360 1085 905
7 3900 2600 1950 1560 1300
8 5600 3740 2800 2240 1870
10 10 200 6800 5100 4080 3400

DIAMETER OF GUTTER MAXIMUM RAINFALL RATES BASED ON ROOF AREA

(1⁄4 inch per foot slope) (square feet)
inches 2 (in/h) 3 (in/h) 4 (in/h) 5 (in/h) 6 (in/h)
3 680 454 340 272 226
4 1440 960 720 576 480
5 2500 1668 1250 1000 834
6 3840 2560 1920 1536 1280
7 5520 3680 2760 2205 1840
8 7960 5310 3980 3180 2655
10 14 400 9600 7200 5750 4800

DIAMETER OF GUTTER MAXIMUM RAINFALL RATES BASED ON ROOF AREA

(1⁄2 inch per foot slope) (square feet)
inches 2 (in/h) 3 (in/h) 4 (in/h) 5 (in/h) 6 (in/h)
3 960 640 480 384 320
4 2040 1360 1020 816 680
5 3540 2360 1770 1415 1180
6 5540 3695 2770 2220 1850
7 7800 5200 3900 3120 2600
8 11 200 7460 5600 4480 3730
10 20 000 13 330 10 000 8000 6660
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1⁄16 inch per foot = 5.2 mm/m, 1 inch per hour = 25.4 mm/h, 1 square foot = 0.0929 m2

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 207

208 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
CHAPTER 12 - FUEL GAS PIPING
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter X X X X X X X X X

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections X X X
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
that are listed below
Chapter/Section
1211.6 X X X
1211.7 X
1211.8 X X X
This state agency does not adopt sections identified with the following symbol: †
The Office of the State Fire Marshal’s adoption of this chapter or individual sections is applicable to structures regulated by other state agencies pursuant to
Section 1.11.0.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 209

210 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
CHAPTER 12
FUEL GAS PIPING

1201.0 General. (11) Proprietary items of equipment, apparatus, or instru-

1201.1 Applicability. The regulations of this chapter shall ments such as gas-generating sets, compressors, and
govern the installation of fuel gas piping in or in connection calorimeters.
with a building, structure or within the property lines of prem- (12) LP-Gas equipment for vaporization, gas mixing, and gas
ises up to 5 pounds-force per square inch (psi) (34 kPa) for manufacturing.
natural gas and 10 psi (69 kPa) for undiluted propane, other (13) LP-Gas piping for buildings under construction or reno-
than service pipe. Fuel oil piping systems shall be installed vations that is not to become part of the permanent build-
in accordance with NFPA 31. ing piping system—that is, temporary fixed piping for
building heat.
1202.0 Coverage of Piping System. (14) Installation of LP-Gas systems for railroad switch heat-
ing.
1202.1 General. Coverage of piping systems shall extend
from the point of delivery to the appliance connections. For (15) Installation of LP-Gas and compressed natural gas
(CNG) systems on vehicles.
other than undiluted liquefied petroleum gas (LP-Gas) sys-
tems, the point of delivery shall be the outlet of the service (16) Gas piping, meters, gas pressure regulators, and other
meter assembly or the outlet of the service regulator or serv- appurtenances used by the serving gas supplier in distri-
ice shutoff valve where no meter is provided. For undiluted bution of gas, other than undiluted LP-Gas.
LP-Gas systems, the point of delivery shall be considered to (17) Building design and construction, except as specified
be the outlet of the final pressure regulator, exclusive of line herein.
gas regulators where no meter is installed. Where a meter is (18) Fuel gas systems on recreational vehicles manufactured
installed, the point of delivery shall be the outlet of the meter. in accordance with NFPA 1192.
[NFPA 54:1.1.1.1(A)] (19) Fuel gas systems using hydrogen as a fuel.
1202.2 Piping System Requirements. Requirements for (20) Construction of appliances. [NFPA 54:1.1.1.2]
piping systems shall include design, materials, components,
fabrication, assembly, installation, testing, inspection, opera-
1203.0 Inspection.
tion, and maintenance. [NFPA 54:1.1.1.1(E)]
1203.1 Inspection Notification. Upon completion of the
1202.3 Applications. This code shall not apply to the fol-
installation, alteration, or repair of gas piping, and prior to the
lowing items: use thereof, the Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be noti-
(1) Portable LP-Gas appliances and equipment of all types fied that such gas piping is ready for inspection.
that are not connected to a fixed fuel piping system. 1203.2 Excavation. Excavations required for the installa-
(2) Installation of appliances such as brooders, dehydrators, tion of underground piping shall be kept open until the piping
dryers, and irrigation equipment used for agricultural has been inspected and approved. Where such piping is cov-
purposes. ered or concealed before such approval, it shall be exposed
(3) Raw material (feedstock) applications except for piping upon the direction of the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
to special atmosphere generators. 1203.3 Type of Inspections. The Authority Having Juris-
(4) Oxygen-fuel gas cutting and welding systems. diction shall make the following inspections and either shall
approve that portion of the work as completed or shall notify
(5) Industrial gas applications using such gases as acetylene the permit holder wherein the same fails to be in accordance
and acetylenic compounds, hydrogen, ammonia, carbon with this code.
monoxide, oxygen, and nitrogen.
1203.3.1 Rough Piping Inspection. This inspection
(6) Petroleum refineries, pipeline compressor or pumping shall be made after gas piping authorized by the permit
stations, loading terminals, compounding plants, refin- has been installed and before such piping has been cov-
ery tank farms, and natural gas processing plants. ered or concealed or fixture or appliance has been
(7) Large integrated chemical plants or portions of such attached thereto. This inspection shall include a deter-
plants where flammable or combustible liquids or gases mination that the gas piping size, material, and installa-
are produced by chemical reactions or used in chemical tion meet the requirements of this code.
reactions. 1203.3.2 Final Piping Inspection. This inspection
(8) LP-Gas installations at utility gas plants. shall be made after piping authorized by the permit has
been installed, and after portions, thereof that are to be
(9) Liquefied natural gas (LNG) installations. covered or concealed are so concealed, and before fix-
(10) Fuel gas piping in electric utility power plants. ture, appliance, or shutoff valve has been attached thereto.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 211

FUEL GAS PIPING

This inspection shall comply with Section 1213.1. Test 1207.0 Temporary Use of Gas.
gauges used in conducting tests shall be in accordance 1207.1 General. Where temporary use of gas is desired, and
with Section 318.0. the Authority Having Jurisdiction deems the use necessary, a
1203.4 Inspection Waived. In cases where the work permit shall be permitted to be issued for such use for a period
authorized by the permit consists of a minor installation of not to exceed that designated by the Authority Having Juris-
additional piping to piping already connected to a gas meter, diction, provided that such gas piping system otherwise is in
the preceding inspections shall be permitted to be waived at accordance with the requirements of this code regarding
the discretion of the Authority Having Jurisdiction. In this material, sizing, and safety.
event, the Authority Having Jurisdiction shall make such
inspection as deemed advisable to be assured that the work
has been performed in accordance with the intent of this code. 1208.0 Gas Piping System Design, Materials, and
Components.
1208.1 Installation of Piping System. Where required
1204.0 Certificate of Inspection. by the Authority Having Jurisdiction, a piping sketch or plan
1204.1 Issuance. Whereupon final piping inspection, the shall be prepared before proceeding with the installation. The
installation is found to be in accordance with the provisions plan shall show the proposed location of piping, the size of
of this code, a certificate of inspection shall be permitted to be different branches, the various load demands, and the loca-
issued by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. tion of the point of delivery. [NFPA 54:5.1.1]
1204.2 Gas Supplier. A copy of the certificate of such final 1208.1.1 Addition to Existing System. When addi-
piping inspection shall be issued to the serving gas supplier tional appliances are being connected to a gas piping sys-
supplying gas to the premises. tem, the existing piping shall be checked to determine
1204.3 Unlawful. It shall be unlawful for a serving gas sup- whether it has adequate capacity. If the capacity of the
plier, or person is furnishing gas, to turn on or cause to be system is determined to be inadequate for the additional
turned on, a fuel gas or a gas meter or meters, until such cer- appliances, the existing system shall be enlarged as
tificate of final inspection, as herein provided, has been issued. required, or separate gas piping of adequate capacity
shall be provided. [NFPA 54:5.1.2]
1205.0 Authority to Render Gas Service. 1208.2 Provision for Location of Point of Delivery.
The location of the point of delivery shall be acceptable to
1205.1 Authorized Personnel. It shall be unlawful for a
the serving gas supplier. [NFPA 54:5.2]
person, firm, or corporation, excepting an authorized agent
or employee of a person, firm, or corporation engaged in the 1208.3 Interconnections Between Gas Piping Sys-
business of furnishing or supplying gas and whose service tems. Where two or more meters, or two or more service
pipes supply or connect with the particular premises, to turn regulators where meters are not provided, are located on the
on or reconnect gas service in or on a premises where and same premises and supply separate users, the gas piping sys-
when gas service is, at the time, not being rendered. tems shall not be interconnected on the outlet side of the
meters or service regulators. [NFPA 54:5.3.1]
1205.2 Outlets. It shall be unlawful to turn on or connect gas
in or on the premises unless outlets are securely connected to 1208.3.1 Interconnections for Standby Fuels.
gas appliances or capped or plugged with screw joint fittings. Where a supplementary gas for standby use is connected
downstream from a meter or a service regulator where a
meter is not provided, equipment to prevent backflow
1206.0 Authority to Disconnect. shall be installed. A three-way valve installed to admit
1206.1 Disconnection. The Authority Having Jurisdiction the standby supply and at the same time shut off the reg-
or the serving gas supplier is hereby authorized to disconnect ular supply shall be permitted to be used for this purpose.
gas piping or appliance or both that shall be found not to be [NFPA 54:5.3.2.1 – 5.3.2.2]
in accordance with the requirements of this code or that are 1208.4 Sizing of Gas Piping Systems. Gas piping sys-
found defective and in such condition as to endanger life or tems shall be of such size and so installed as to provide a sup-
property. ply of gas sufficient to meet the maximum demand and supply
1206.2 Notice. Where such disconnection has been made, a gas to each appliance inlet at not less than the minimum sup-
notice shall be attached to such gas piping or appliance or ply pressure required by the appliance. [NFPA 54:5.4.1]
both that shall state the same has been disconnected, together 1208.4.1 Maximum Gas Demand. The volumetric
with the reasons thereof. flow rate of gas to be provided shall be the sum of the
1206.3 Capped Outlets. It shall be unlawful to remove or maximum input of the appliances served. The volumet-
disconnect gas piping or gas appliance without capping or ric flow rate of gas to be provided shall be adjusted for
plugging with a screw joint fitting, the outlet from which said altitude where the installation is above 2000 feet (610
pipe or appliance was removed. Outlets to which gas appli- m). [NFPA 54:5.4.2.1 – 5.4.2.2] Where the input rating
ances are not connected shall be left capped and gastight on is not indicated, the gas supplier, appliance manufacturer,
a piping system that has been installed, altered, or repaired. or a qualified agency shall be contacted, or the rating
Exception: Where an approved listed quick-disconnect device from Table 1208.4.1 shall be used for estimating the vol-
is used. umetric flow rate of gas to be supplied.

212 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

FUEL GAS PIPING

The total connected hourly load shall be used as the 1208.4.3 Allowable Pressure Drop. The design pres-
basis for piping sizing, assuming all appliances are oper- sure loss in any piping system under maximum probable
ating at full capacity simultaneously. flow conditions, from the point of delivery to the inlet
Exception: Sizing shall be permitted to be based upon connection of the appliance, shall be such that the supply
established load diversity factors. [NFPA 54:5.4.2.3] pressure at the appliance is greater than or equal to the
TABLE 1208.4.1
minimum pressure required by the appliance. [NFPA
APPROXIMATE GAS INPUT FOR 54:5.4.4]
TYPICAL APPLIANCES 1208.5 Maximum Operating Pressure in Buildings.
[NFPA 54: TABLE A.5.4.2.1]
The maximum operating pressure for any piping systems
APPLIANCE
INPUT located inside buildings shall not exceed 5 psi (34 kPa) unless
(Btu/h approx.)
one or more of the following conditions are met:
Space Heating Units
Warm air furnace (1) The piping joints are welded or brazed.
Single family 100 000 (2) The piping joints are flanged and all pipe-to-flange con-
Multifamily, per unit 60 000 nections are made by welding or brazing.
Hydronic boiler (3) The piping is located in a ventilated chase or otherwise
Single family 100 000 enclosed for protection against accidental gas accumula-
Multifamily, per unit 60 000 tion.
Space and Water Heating Units (4) The piping is located inside buildings or separate areas of
Hydronic boiler buildings used exclusively for one of the following:
Single-family 120 000 (a) Industrial processing or heating
Multifamily, per unit 75 000 (b) Research
Water Heating Appliances (c) Warehousing
Water heater, automatic storage
(d) Boiler or mechanical rooms
30 to 40 gallon tank 35 000
(5) The piping is a temporary installation for buildings under
Water heater, automatic storage
construction.
50 gallon tank 50 000
(6) The piping serves appliances or equipment used for agri-
Water heater, automatic instantaneous
cultural purposes.
Capacity at 2 gallons per minute 142 800
Capacity at 4 gallons per minute 285 000
(7) The piping system is an LP-Gas piping system with an
operating pressure greater than 20 psi (138 kPa) and
Capacity at 6 gallons per minute 428 400
complies with NFPA 58. [NFPA 54:5.5.4]
Water heater, domestic, circulating or
1208.5.1 LP-Gas Systems. LP-Gas systems designed
side-arm 35 000
to operate below -5°F (-21°C) or with butane or a
Cooking Appliances
propane-butane mix shall be designed to either accom-
Range, freestanding, domestic 65 000
modate liquid LP-Gas or to prevent LP-Gas vapor from
Built-in oven or broiler unit, domestic 25 000 condensing back into a liquid. [NFPA 54:5.5.5]
Built-in top unit, domestic 40 000
1208.6 Acceptable Piping Materials and Joining
Other Appliances
Methods. Materials used for piping systems shall either
Refrigerator 3000 comply with the requirements of this chapter or be accept-
Clothes dryer, Type 1 (domestic) 35 000 able to the Authority Having Jurisdiction. [NFPA 54:5.6.1.1]
Gas fireplace direct-vent 40 000 1208.6.1 Used Materials. Pipe, fittings, valves, or
Gas log 80 000 other materials shall not be used again unless they are
Barbecue 40 000 free of foreign materials and have been ascertained to be
Gaslight 2500 adequate for the service intended. [NFPA 54:5.6.1.2]
For SI units: 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW
1208.6.2 Other Materials. Material not covered by the
standards specifications listed herein shall meet the fol-
1208.4.2 Sizing Methods. Gas piping shall be sized in lowing criteria:
accordance with one of the following: (1) Be investigated and tested to determine that it is safe
(1) Pipe sizing tables or sizing equations in this chap- and suitable for the proposed service.
ter. (2) Be recommended for that service by the manufac-
(2) Other approved engineering methods. turer.
(3) Sizing tables included in a listed piping system man- (3) Be acceptable to the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
ufacturer’s installation instructions. [NFPA 54:5.4.3] [NFPA 54:5.6.1.3]

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 213

FUEL GAS PIPING

1208.6.3 Metallic Pipe. Cast-iron pipe shall not be

used. [NFPA 54:5.6.2.1]
1208.6.4.5 Corrugated Stainless Steel Tub-
ing. Corrugated stainless steel tubing shall be listed
«
1208.6.3.1 Steel, Stainless Steel, and Wrought- in accordance with CSA LC 1. [NFPA 54:5.6.3.6]
Iron Pipe. Steel, stainless steel, and wrought-iron 1208.6.5 Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings. Polyeth-
pipe shall be at least Schedule 40 and shall comply ylene plastic pipe, tubing, and fittings used to supply fuel
with the dimensional standards of ASME B36.10M gas shall conform to ASTM D2513. Pipe to be used shall
and one of the following: be marked “gas” and “ASTM D2513.” Polyamide pipe,
(1) ASTM A53 tubing, and fittings shall be identified in and conform to
ASTM F2945. Pipe to be used shall be marked “gas” and
(2) ASTM A106 “ASTM F2945.” Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and chlorinated
(3) ASTM A312 {NFPA 54:5.6.2.2} polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) plastic pipe, tubing, and fittings
1208.6.3.2 Copper and Copper Alloy Pipe. shall not be used to supply fuel gas. [NFPA 54:5.6.4.1.1 –
Copper and copper alloy pipe shall not be used if the 5.6.4.1.3]
gas contains more than an average of 0.3 grains of 1208.6.6 Regulator Vent Piping. Plastic pipe and fit-
hydrogen sulfide per 100 standard cubic feet (scf) of tings used to connect regulator vents to remote vent ter-
gas (0.7 mg/100 L). minations shall be PVC conforming to UL 651 (Schedule
Threaded copper, copper alloy, or aluminum 40 and 80). PVC vent piping shall not be installed indoors.
alloy pipe shall not be used with gases corrosive to [NFPA 54:5.6.4.2]
such material. [NFPA 54:5.6.2.3 – 5.6.2.4] 1208.6.7 Anodeless Risers. Anodeless risers shall
1208.6.3.3 Aluminum Alloy Pipe. Aluminum comply with Section 1208.6.7.1 through Section
alloy pipe shall comply with ASTM B241 (except 1208.6.7.3.
that the use of alloy 5456 is prohibited), and shall be 1208.6.7.1 Factory-Assembled Anodeless
Risers. Factory-assembled anodeless risers shall be
«
marked at each end of each length indicating com-
pliance. Aluminum alloy pipe shall be coated to pro- recommended by the manufacturer for the gas used
tect against external corrosion where it is in contact and shall be leak tested by the manufacturer in
with masonry, plaster, or insulation or is subject to accordance with written procedures. [NFPA
repeated wettings by such liquids as water, deter- 54:5.6.4.3(1)]
gents, or sewage. [NFPA 54:5.6.2.5] 1208.6.7.2 Service Head Adapters and Field-
Assembled Anodeless Risers. Service head
«
Aluminum alloy pipe shall not be used in exte-
rior locations or underground. [NFPA 54:5.6.2.6] adapters and field-assembled anodeless risers incor-
porating service head adapters shall be recommended
1208.6.4 Metallic Tubing. Tubing shall not be used
by the manufacturer for the gas used and shall be
with gases corrosive to the tubing material. [NFPA
design-certified to meet the requirements of Category
54:5.6.3.1]
I of ASTM D2513 and 49 CFR 192.281(e). The man-
1208.6.4.1 Stainless Steel. Stainless steel tub- ufacturer shall provide the user qualified installation
ing shall comply with one of the following: instructions as prescribed by 49 CFR 192.283(b).
(1) ASTM A268 [NFPA 54:5.6.4.3(2)]
(2) ASTM A269 [NFPA 54:5.6.3.3] 1208.6.7.3 Undiluted Liquefied Petroleum Gas «
» 1208.6.4.2 Steel Tubing. Steel tubing shall com-
ply with ASTM A254. [NFPA 54:5.6.3.2]
Piping. The use of plastic pipe, tubing, and fittings
in undiluted LP-Gas piping systems shall be in

» 1208.6.4.3 Copper and Copper Alloy Tubing.

Copper and copper alloy tubing shall not be used if
accordance with NFPA 58. [NFPA 54:5.6.4.3(3)]
1208.6.8 Workmanship and Defects. Gas pipe, tub-
the gas contains more than an average of 0.3 grains ing, and fittings shall be clear and free from cutting burrs
of hydrogen sulfide per 100 scf of gas (0.7 mg/100 and defects in structure or threading, and shall be thor-
L). Copper tubing shall comply with standard Type oughly brushed and chip and scale blown. Defects in
K or L of ASTM B88 or ASTM B280. [NFPA pipe, tubing, and fittings shall not be repaired. Defective
54:5.6.3.4] pipe, tubing, and fittings shall be replaced. [NFPA

» 1208.6.4.4 Aluminum Alloy Tubing. Aluminum

alloy tubing shall comply with ASTM B210 or
54:5.6.5]
1208.6.9 Metallic Pipe Threads. Metallic pipe and «
ASTM B241. Aluminum alloy tubing shall be fitting threads shall be taper pipe threads and shall com-
coated to protect against external corrosion where it ply with ASME B1.20.1. [NFPA 54:5.6.6.1]
is in contact with masonry, plaster, or insulation or 1208.6.9.1 Damaged Threads. Pipe with threads
that are stripped, chipped, corroded, or otherwise
«
is subject to repeated wettings by such liquids as
water, detergent, or sewage. Aluminum alloy tubing damaged shall not be used. Where a weld opens dur-
shall not be used in exterior locations or under- ing the operation of cutting or threading, that por-
ground. [NFPA 54:5.6.3.5] tion of the pipe shall not be used. [NFPA 54:5.6.6.2]

214 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

FUEL GAS PIPING

» 1208.6.9.2 Number of Threads. Field threading

of metallic pipe shall be in accordance with Table
1208.6.10.3 Stainless Steel Tubing Joints.
Stainless steel joints shall be welded, assembled with
1208.6.9.2. [NFPA 54:5.6.6.3] approved tubing fittings, brazed with a material hav-
ing a melting point in excess of 1000°F (538°C), or

» TABLE 1208.6.9.2
SPECIFICATIONS FOR THREADING METALLIC PIPE
assembled with press-connect fittings listed to CSA
LC 4, Press-Connect Metallic Fittings for Use in
[NFPA 54: TABLE 5.6.6.3]
Fuel Gas Distribution Systems. Brazing alloys and
fluxes shall be recommended by the manufacturer
APPROXIMATE
IRON APPROXIMATE for use on stainless steel alloys. [NFPA 54:5.6.7.3]
«
LENGTH OF
PIPE SIZE NUMBER OF
(inches)
THREADED PORTION
THREADS TO BE CUT 1208.6.10.4 Flared Joints. Flared joints shall be
(inches)
used only in systems constructed from nonferrous
⁄2
1 3
⁄4 10 pipe and tubing where experience or tests have
⁄4
3 3
⁄4 10 demonstrated that the joint is suitable for the condi-
1 7
⁄8 10 tions and where provisions are made in the design to
prevent separation of the joints. [NFPA 54:5.6.7.4]
11⁄4
1 ⁄2
1
1
1
11
11
1208.6.10.5 Metallic Pipe Fittings. Metallic fit-
tings shall comply with the following:
«
2 1 11
(1) Threaded fittings in sizes larger than 4 inches
2 ⁄2
1
1 ⁄2
1
12 (100 mm) shall not be used.
3 1 ⁄2
1
12 (2) Fittings used with steel, stainless steel, or
4 15⁄8 13 wrought-iron pipe shall be steel, stainless steel,
For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm
copper alloy, malleable iron, or cast iron.
(3) Fittings used with copper or copper alloy pipe
shall be copper or copper alloy.
» 1208.6.9.3 Thread Joint Compounds. Thread
joint compounds shall be resistant to the action of
(4) Fittings used with aluminum alloy pipe shall be
aluminum alloy.
LP-Gas or to any other chemical constituents of the
(5) Cast-iron fittings shall comply with the follow-
gases to be conducted through the piping. [NFPA
ing:
54:5.6.6.4]
» 1208.6.10 Metallic Piping Joints and Fittings. The
type of piping joint used shall be suitable for the pres-
(a) Flanges shall be permitted.
(b) Bushings shall not be used.
sure and temperature conditions and shall be selected (c) Fittings shall not be used in systems con-
giving consideration to joint tightness and mechanical taining flammable gas-air mixtures.
strength under the service conditions. The joint shall be (d) Fittings in sizes 4 inches (100 mm) and
able to sustain the maximum end force due to the inter- larger shall not be used indoors unless
nal pressure and any additional forces due to tempera- approved by the Authority Having Juris-
ture expansion or contraction, vibration, fatigue, or the diction.
weight of the pipe and its contents. [NFPA 54:5.6.7] (e) Fittings in sizes 6 inches (150 mm) and
» 1208.6.10.1 Pipe Joints. Schedule 40 and heav-
ier pipe joints shall be threaded, flanged, brazed,
larger shall not be used unless approved by
the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
welded, or assembled with press-connect fittings (6) Aluminum alloy fitting threads shall not form
listed to CSA LC 4. the joint seal.
(1) Where nonferrous pipe is brazed, the brazing (7) Zinc-aluminum alloy fittings shall not be used
materials shall have a melting point in excess in systems containing flammable gas-air mix-
of 1000°F (538°C). tures.
(2) Brazing alloys shall not contain more than 0.05 (8) Special fittings such as couplings, proprietary-
percent phosphorus. {NFPA 54:5.6.7.1} type joints, saddle tees, gland-type compression
1208.6.10.2 Copper Tubing Joints. Copper tub- fittings, and flared, flareless, or compression-
type tubing fittings shall be as follows:
ing joints shall be assembled with approved gas tub-
ing fittings, shall be brazed with a material having a (a) Used within the fitting manufacturer’s
melting point in excess of 1000°F (538°C), or shall pressure-temperature recommendations.
be assembled with press-connect fittings listed to (b) Used within the service conditions antici-
CSA LC 4, Press-Connect Metallic Fittings for Use pated with respect to vibration, fatigue,
in Fuel Gas Distribution Systems. Brazing alloys thermal expansion, or contraction.
shall not contain more than 0.05 percent phospho- (c) Acceptable to the Authority Having Juris-
rus. [NFPA 54:5.6.7.2] diction.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 215

FUEL GAS PIPING

(9) When pipe fittings are drilled and tapped in the

field, the operation shall be in accordance with
1208.6.12.2 Steel Flanges. Steel flanges shall be
in accordance with the following:
«
the following: (1) ASME B16.5 or
(a) The operation shall be performed on sys- (2) ASME B16.47. [NFPA 54:5.6.9.1.2]
tems having operating pressures of 5 psi
(34 kPa) or less.
1208.6.12.3 Non-Ferrous Flanges. Non-ferrous
flanges shall be in accordance with ASME B16.24.
«
(b) The operation shall be performed by the [NFPA 54:5.6.9.1.3]
gas supplier or their designated representa-
tive.
1208.6.12.4 Ductile Iron Flanges. Ductile iron
flanges shall be in accordance with ASME B16.42.
«
(c) The drilling and tapping operation shall be [NFPA 54:5.6.9.1.4]
performed in accordance with written pro-
cedures prepared by the gas supplier.
1208.6.12.5 Dissimilar Flange Connections.
Raised-face flanges shall not be joined to flat-faced
«
(d) The fittings shall be located outdoors. cast iron, ductile iron or nonferrous material flanges.
(e) The tapped fitting assembly shall be [NFPA 54:5.6.9.2]
inspected and proven to be free of leaks.
[NFPA 54:5.6.7.5]
1208.6.12.6 Flange Facings. Standard facings
shall be permitted for use under this code. Where
«
» 1208.6.11 Plastic Piping, Joints, and Fittings.
Plastic pipe, tubing, and fittings shall be joined in accor-
150 psi (1034 kPa) steel flanges are bolted to Class
125 cast-iron flanges, the raised face on the steel
flange shall be removed. [NFPA 54:5.6.9.3]
dance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Section
1208.6.11.1 through Section 1208.6.11.4 shall be 1208.6.12.7 Lapped Flanges. Lapped flanges
shall be used only aboveground or in exposed loca-
«
observed when making such joints. [NFPA 54:5.6.8]
» 1208.6.11.1 Joint Design. The joint shall be
designed and installed so that the longitudinal pull-
tions accessible for inspection. [NFPA 54:5.6.9.4]
1208.6.13 Flange Gaskets. The material for gaskets «
out resistance of the joint will be at least equal to the shall be capable of withstanding the design temperature
tensile strength of the plastic piping material. [NFPA and pressure of the piping system and the chemical con-
54:5.6.8(1)] stituents of the gas being conducted without change to

» 1208.6.11.2 Heat-Fusion Joint. Heat-fusion

joints shall be made in accordance with qualified
its chemical and physical properties. The effects of fire
exposure to the joint shall be considered in choosing the
material. [NFPA 54:5.6.10]
procedures that have been established and proven by
test to produce gastight joints at least as strong as
1208.6.13.1 Flange Gasket Materials. Accept-
able materials shall include the following:
«
the pipe or tubing being joined. Joints shall be made
with the joining method recommended by the pipe (1) Metal (plain or corrugated)
manufacturer. Heat fusion fittings shall be marked (2) Composition
“ASTM D2513.” [NFPA 54:5.6.8(2)] (3) Aluminum “O” rings
» 1208.6.11.3 Compression-Type Mechanical
Joints. Where compression-type mechanical joints
(4) Spiral-wound metal gaskets
(5) Rubber-faced phenolic
are used, the gasket material in the fitting shall be
compatible with the plastic piping and with the gas (6) Elastomeric [NFPA 54:5.6.10.1]
distributed by the system. An internal tubular rigid
stiffener shall be used in conjunction with the fit-
1208.6.13.2 Metallic Flange Gaskets. Metallic
flange gaskets shall be in accordance with ASME
«
ting. The stiffener shall be flush with the end of the B16.20. [NFPA 54:5.6.10.2.1]
pipe or tubing and shall extend at least to the out-
side end of the compression fitting when installed.
1208.6.13.3 Non-Metallic Flange Gaskets.
Non-metallic flange gaskets shall be in accordance
«
The stiffener shall be free of rough or sharp edges with ASME B16.21. [NFPA 54:5.6.10.2.2]
and shall not be a force fit in the plastic. Split tubu-
lar stiffeners shall not be used. [NFPA 54:5.6.8(3)]
1208.6.13.4 Full-Face Flange Gasket. Full-face
flange gaskets shall be used with all non-steel
«
» 1208.6.11.4 Liquefied Petroleum Gas Piping flanges. [NFPA 54:5.6.10.3]
Systems. Plastic piping joints and fittings for use
in LP-Gas piping systems shall be in accordance
1208.6.13.5 Separated Flanges. When a
flanged joint is separated, the gasket shall be
«
with NFPA 58. [NFPA 54:5.6.8(4)] replaced. [NFPA 54:5.6.10.4]
» 1208.6.12 Flange Specification. Flanges shall com-
ply with Section 1208.6.12.1 through Section
1208.7 Gas Meters. Gas meters shall be selected for the
maximum expected pressure and permissible pressure drop.
1208.6.12.7. [NFPA 54:5.7.1]
» 1208.6.12.1 Cast Iron Flanges. Cast iron flanges
shall be in accordance with ASME B16.1. [NFPA
1208.7.1 Location. Gas meters shall be located in venti-
lated spaces readily accessible for examination, reading,
54:5.6.9.1.1] replacement, or necessary maintenance. [NFPA 54:5.7.2.1]

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1208.7.1.1 Subject to Damage. Gas meters shall Exception: A regulator and vent limiting means com-
not be placed where they will be subjected to dam- bination listed as complying with CSA Z21.80 shall
age, such as adjacent to a driveway, under a fire be permitted to be used without a vent to the outdoors.
escape, in public passages, halls, or where they will (2) The vent shall be designed to prevent the entry of
be subject to excessive corrosion or vibration. water, insects, or other foreign materials that could
[NFPA 54:5.7.2.2] cause blockage.
1208.7.1.2 Extreme Temperatures. Gas meters (3) The regulator vent shall terminate at least 3 feet (914
shall not be located where they will be subjected to mm) from a source of ignition.
extreme temperatures or sudden extreme changes in (4) At locations where regulators might be submerged
temperature or in areas where they are subjected to during floods, a special antiflood-type breather vent
temperatures beyond those recommended by the fitting shall be installed, or the vent line shall be
manufacturer. [NFPA 54:5.7.2.3] extended above the height of the expected flood
1208.7.2 Supports. Gas meters shall be supported or waters.
connected to rigid piping so as not to exert a strain on the (5) A regulator shall not be vented to the appliance flue
meters. Where flexible connectors are used to connect a or exhaust system. [NFPA 54:5.8.5.1]
gas meter to downstream piping at mobile homes in 1208.8.5 Venting of Gas Appliance Pressure
mobile home parks, the meter shall be supported by a Regulators. For venting of gas appliance pressure reg-
post or bracket placed in a firm footing or by other means ulators see Section 507.21. [NFPA 54:5.8.5.2]
providing equivalent support. [NFPA 54:5.7.3]
1208.7.3 Meter Protection. Meters shall be protected
1208.8.6 Bypass Piping. Valved and regulated
bypasses shall be permitted to be placed around gas line
«
against overpressure, backpressure, and vacuum. [NFPA pressure regulators where continuity of service is imper-
54:5.7.4] ative. [NFPA 54:5.8.6]
1208.7.4 Identification. Gas piping at multiple meter
installations shall be marked by a metal tag or other per-
1208.8.7 Identification. Line pressure regulators at
multiple regulator installations shall be marked by a
«
manent means designating the building or the part of the metal tag or other permanent means designating the
building being supplied and attached by the installing building or the part of the building being supplied.
agency. [NFPA 54:5.7.5] [NFPA 54:5.8.7]
1208.8 Gas Pressure Regulators. A line pressure regu- 1208.9 Overpressure Protection Required. Where the
lator shall be installed where the gas supply pressure exceeds serving gas supplier delivers gas at a pressure greater than 2
the maximum allowable inlet pressure of the appliance psi (14 kPa) for piping systems serving appliances designed
served. [NFPA 54:5.8.1] to operate at a gas pressure of 14 inches water column (3.5
1208.8.1 Listing. Line pressure regulators shall be kPa) or less, overpressure protection devices shall be
listed in accordance with CSA Z21.80 where the outlet installed. Piping systems serving equipment designed to oper-
pressure is set to 2 psi (14 kPa) or less. [NFPA 54:5.8.2] ate at inlet pressures greater than 14 inches water column (3.5
1208.8.2 Location. The gas pressure regulator shall be kPa) shall be equipped with overpressure protection devices
accessible for servicing. [NFPA 54:5.8.3] as required by the appliance manufacturer’s installation
instructions. [NFPA 54:5.9.1]
1208.8.3 Regulator Protection. Pressure regulators
shall be protected against physical damage. [NFPA 1208.10 Overpressure Protection Devices. Overpres-
54:5.8.4] sure protection devices shall be one of the following:
1208.8.4 Venting of Line Pressure Regulators. (1) Pressure relief valve.
Line pressure regulators shall comply with all of the fol- (2) Monitor regulator.
lowing: (3) Series regulator installed upstream from the line regula-
(1) An independent vent to the exterior of the building, tor and set to continuously limit the pressure on the inlet
sized in accordance with the regulator manufac- of the line regulator to the maximum values specified by
turer’s instructions, shall be provided where the Section 1208.11 or less.
location of a regulator is such that a ruptured (4) Automatic shutoff device installed in series with the line
diaphragm will cause a hazard. pressure regulator and set to shut off when the pressure
(a) Where more than one regulator is at a location, on the downstream piping system reaches the maximum
each regulator shall have a separate vent to the values specified by Section 1208.11 or less. This device
outdoors or, if approved by the Authority Hav- shall be designed so that it will remain closed until man-
ing Jurisdiction, the vent lines shall be permit- ually reset. [NFPA 54:5.9.3.1]
ted to be manifolded in accordance with 1208.10.1 Separate Devices. The devices in Section
accepted engineering practices to minimize 1208.10 shall be installed either as an integral part of the
back pressure in the event of diaphragm failure. service or line pressure regulator or as separate units.
(b) Materials for vent piping shall be in accordance Where separate overpressure protection devices are
with Section 1208.6 through Section installed, they shall comply with Section 1208.10.2
1208.6.13.5. through Section 1208.10.7. [NFPA 54:5.9.3.2]

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 217

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1208.10.2 Construction and Installation. All over- to 2 psi (14 kPa) or less upon a failure of the line pressure reg-
pressure protection devices shall meet the following ulator. [NFPA 54:5.9.2.1]
requirements:
(1) Be constructed of materials so that the operation of
1208.11.1 Overpressure Protection Required.
Where piping systems serving appliances designed to
«
the device is not impaired by corrosion of external operate with a gas supply pressure greater than 14 inches
parts by the atmosphere or of internal parts by the gas. water column (3.5 kPa) are required to be equipped with
(2) Be designed and installed so they can be operated to overpressure protection by Section 1208.9, each over-
determine whether the valve is free. The devices pressure protection device shall be adjusted to limit the
shall also be designed and installed so they can be gas pressure to each connected appliance as required by
tested to determine the pressure at which they oper- the appliance manufacturer’s installation instructions.
ate and be examined for leakage when in the closed [NFPA 54:5.9.2.2]
position. [NFPA 54:5.9.4]
1208.10.3 External Control Piping. External control
1208.11.2 Overpressure Protection Devices. Each
overpressure protection device installed to meet the
«
piping shall be designed and installed so that damage to requirements of this section shall be capable of limiting
the control piping of one device does not render both the the pressure to its connected appliance(s) as required by
regulator and the overpressure protective device inoper- this section independently of any other pressure control
ative. [NFPA 54:5.9.5] equipment in the piping system. [NFPA 54:5.9.2.3]
1208.10.4 Setting. Each pressure limiting or pressure
relieving device shall be set so that the gas pressure sup-
1208.11.3 Detection of Failure. Each gas piping sys-
tem for which an overpressure protection device is
«
plied to the connected appliance(s) does not exceed the lim- required by this section shall be designed and installed so
its specified in Section 1208.11 and Section 1208.11.1. that a failure of the primary pressure control device(s) is
[NFPA 54:5.9.6] detectable. [NFPA 54:5.9.2.4]
1208.10.5 Unauthorized Operation. Where unau-
thorized operation of any shutoff valve could render a
1208.11.4 Flow Capacity. If a pressure relief valve is
used to meet the requirements of this section, it shall
«
pressure relieving valve or pressure limiting device inop- have a flow capacity such that the pressure in the pro-
erative, one of the following shall be accomplished: tected system is maintained at or below the limits speci-
(1) The valve shall be locked in the open position. fied in Section 1208.11 under the following conditions:
Instruct authorized personnel in the importance of (1) The line pressure regulator for which the relief valve
leaving the shutoff valve open and of being present is providing overpressure protection has failed wide
while the shutoff valve is closed so that it can be open.
locked in the open position before leaving the prem- (2) The gas pressure at the inlet of the line pressure reg-
ises. ulator for which the relief valve is providing over-
(2) Duplicate relief valves shall be installed, each hav- pressure protection is not less than the regulator’s
ing adequate capacity to protect the system, and normal operating inlet pressure. [NFPA 54:5.9.2.5]
arrange the isolating valves or three-way valve so
that only one relief valve can be rendered inopera-
1208.12 Backpressure Protection. Protective devices
shall be installed as close to the equipment as practical where
«
tive at a time. [NFPA 54:5.9.7] the design of equipment connected is such that air, oxygen, or
» 1208.10.6 Discharge of Vents. The discharge stacks,
vents, or outlet parts of all pressure relieving and pressure
standby gases could be forced into the gas supply system.
Gas and air combustion mixers incorporating double
limiting devices shall be located so that gas is safely dis- diaphragm “zero” or “atmosphere” governors or regulators
charged to the outdoors. Discharge stacks or vents shall shall require no further protection unless connected directly to
be designed to prevent the entry of water, insects, or other compressed air or oxygen at pressures of 5 psi (34 kPa) or
foreign material that could cause blockage. more. [NFPA 54:5.10.1.1 – 5.10.1.2]
The discharge stack or vent line shall be at least the
same size as the outlet of the pressure relieving device.
1208.12.1 Protective Devices. Protective devices
shall include but not be limited to the following:
«
[NFPA 54:5.9.8.1, 5.9.8.2]
(1) Check valves.
1208.10.7 Size of Fittings, Pipe, and Openings.
(2) Three-way valves (of the type that completely closes
The fittings, pipe, and openings located between the sys-
one side before starting to open the other side).
tem to be protected and the pressure relieving device
shall be sized to prevent hammering of the valve and to (3) Reverse flow indicators controlling positive shutoff
prevent impairment of relief capacity. [NFPA 54:5.9.9] valves.
» 1208.11 Pressure Limitation Requirements. Where pip-
ing systems serving appliances designed to operate with a gas
(4) Normally closed air-actuated positive shutoff pres-
sure regulators. [NFPA 54:5.10.2]
supply pressure of 14 inches water column (3.5 kPa) or less are
required to be equipped with overpressure protection by Sec-
1208.13 Low-Pressure Protection. A protective device
shall be installed between the meter and the appliance or equip-
«
tion 1208.9, each overpressure protection device shall be ment if the operation of the appliance or equipment is such that
adjusted to limit the gas pressure to each connected appliance it could produce a vacuum or a dangerous reduction in gas pres-

218 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

FUEL GAS PIPING

sure at the meter. Such protective devices include, but are not ing unless approved technical justification is pro-
limited to, mechanical, diaphragm-operated, or electrically oper- vided to demonstrate that protection is unnecessary:
ated low-pressure shutoff valves. [NFPA 54:5.11] (1) The piping shall be made of corrosion-resistant
» 1208.14 Shutoff Valves. Shutoff valves shall be approved
and shall be selected giving consideration to pressure drop,
material that is suitable for the environment in
which it will be installed.
service involved, emergency use, and reliability of operation. (2) Pipe shall have a factory-applied, electrically
Shutoff valves of size 1 inch (25 mm) National Pipe Thread insulating coating. Fittings and joints between
and smaller shall be listed. [NFPA 54:5.12] sections of coated pipe shall be coated in accor-
» 1208.15 Expansion and Flexibility. Piping systems shall
be designed to prevent failure from thermal expansion or con-
dance with the coating manufacturer’s instruc-
tions.
traction. [NFPA 54:5.14.1] (3) The piping shall have a cathodic protection sys-
» 1208.15.1 Special Local Conditions. Where local
conditions include earthquake, tornado, unstable ground,
tem installed, and the system shall be main-
tained in accordance with Section 1210.1.3.3 or
or flood hazards, special consideration shall be given to Section 1210.1.3.6. [NFPA 54:7.1.3.2]
increased strength and flexibility of piping supports and 1210.1.3.3 Cathodic Protection. Cathodic pro-
connections. [NFPA 54:5.14.2] tection systems shall be monitored by testing and the
results shall be documented. The test results shall
1209.0 Excess Flow Valve. demonstrate one of the following:
1209.1 General. Where automatic excess flow valves are (1) A pipe-to-soil voltage of −0.85 volts or more
installed, they shall be listed to CSA Z21.93 and shall be sized negative is produced, with reference to a satu-
and installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s instruc- rated copper-copper sulfate half cell.
tions. [NFPA 54:5.13] (2) A pipe-to-soil voltage of −0.78 volts or more
negative is produced, with reference to a satu-
rated KCl calomel half cell.
1210.0 Gas Piping Installation.
(3) A pipe-to-soil voltage of −0.80 volts or more
1210.1 Piping Underground. Underground gas piping
negative is produced, with reference to a silver-
shall be installed with sufficient clearance from any other
silver chloride half cell.
underground structure to avoid contact therewith, to allow
maintenance, and to protect against damage from proximity (4) Compliance with a method described in Appen-
to other structures. In addition, underground plastic piping dix D of Title 49 of the code of Federal Regu-
shall be installed with sufficient clearance or shall be insu- lations, Part 192. [NFPA 54:7.1.3.3]
lated from any source of heat so as to prevent the heat from 1210.1.3.4 Sacrificial Anodes. Sacrificial anodes
impairing the serviceability of the pipe. [NFPA 54:7.1.1] shall be tested in accordance with the following:
1210.1.1 Cover Requirements. Underground piping (1) Upon installation of the cathodic protection sys-
systems shall be installed with a minimum of 12 inches tem, except where prohibited by climatic con-
(305 mm) of cover. The minimum cover shall be ditions, in which case the testing shall be
increased to 18 inches (457 mm) if external damage to performed not later than 180 days after the
the pipe or tubing from external forces is likely to result. installation of the system.
Where a minimum of 12 inches (305 mm) of cover can- (2) 12 to 18 months after the initial test.
not be provided, the pipe shall be installed in conduit or
bridged (shielded). [NFPA 54:7.1.2.1 – 7.1.2.1(B)] (3) Upon successful verification testing in accor-
dance with Section 1210.1.3.4(1) and Section
1210.1.2 Trenches. The trench shall be graded so that 1210.1.3.4(2), periodic follow-up testing shall
the pipe has a firm, substantially continuous bearing on be performed at intervals not to exceed 36
the bottom of the trench. [NFPA 54:7.1.2.2] months. [NFPA 54:7.1.3.4]
1210.1.2.1 Backfilling. Where flooding of the trench 1210.1.3.5 System Failing Tests. Systems failing
is done to consolidate the backfill, care shall be exer- a test shall be repaired not more than 180 days after
cised to see that the pipe is not floated from its firm the date of the failed testing. The testing schedule
bearing on the trench bottom. [NFPA 54:7.1.2.3] shall be restarted as required in Section 1210.1.3.4(1)
1210.1.3 Protection Against Corrosion. Steel pipe and Section 1210.1.3.4(2), and the results shall com-
and steel tubing installed underground shall be installed ply with Section 1210.1.3.3. [NFPA 54:7.1.3.5]
in accordance with Section 1210.1.3.1 through Section 1210.1.3.6 Impressed Current Cathodic Pro-
1210.1.3.9. [NFPA 54:7.1.3] tection. Impressed current cathodic protection sys-
1210.1.3.1 Zinc Coating. Zinc coating (galvaniz- tems shall be inspected and tested in accordance
ing) shall not be deemed adequate protection for with the following schedule:
underground gas piping. [NFPA 54:7.1.3.1] (1) The impressed current rectifier voltage output
1210.1.3.2 Underground Piping. Underground shall be checked at intervals not exceeding two
piping shall comply with one or more of the follow- months.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 219

FUEL GAS PIPING

(2) The pipe-to-soil voltage shall be tested at least ing basements, where the plastic piping is inserted in
annually. [NFPA 54:7.1.3.6] a piping material permitted for use in buildings.
1210.1.3.7 Documentation. Documentation of [NFPA 54:7.1.7.1]
the results of the two most recent tests shall be 1210.1.7.1 Connections Between Metallic and
retained. [NFPA 54:7.1.3.7] Plastic Piping. Connections made between metal-
1210.1.3.8 Dissimilar Metals. Where dissimilar lic and plastic piping shall be made with fittings con-
metals are joined underground, an insulating cou- forming to one of the following:
pling or fitting shall be used. [NFPA 54:7.1.3.8] (1) ASTM D2513, Category I transition fittings
1210.1.3.9 Steel Risers. Steel risers, other than (2) ASTM F1973
anodeless risers, connected to plastic piping shall be (3) ASTM F2509 [NFPA 54:7.1.7.2]
cathodically protected by means of a welded anode.
[NFPA 54:7.1.3.9] 1210.1.7.2 Tracer Wire. An electrically continuous
corrosion-resistant tracer shall be buried with the
1210.1.4 Protection Against Freezing. Where the plastic pipe to facilitate locating. The tracer shall be
formation of hydrates or ice is known to occur, piping one of the following:
shall be protected against freezing. [NFPA 54:7.1.4]
(1) A product specifically designed for that pur-
1210.1.5 Piping through Foundation Wall. Under- pose.
ground piping, where installed through the outer foun-
dation or basement wall of a building, shall be encased in (2) Insulated copper conductor not less than 14
a protective sleeve or protected by an approved device AWG.
or method. The space between the gas piping and the Where tracer wire is used, access shall be pro-
sleeve and between the sleeve and the wall shall be vided from aboveground, or one end of the tracer
sealed to prevent entry of gas and water. [NFPA wire or tape shall be brought aboveground at a build-
54:7.1.5] ing wall or riser. [NFPA 54:7.1.7.3 – 7.1.7.3.2]
1210.1.6 Piping Underground Beneath Buildings. 1210.2 CSST Piping Systems. CSST piping systems shall
Where gas piping is installed underground beneath build- be installed in accordance with this code and the manufac-
ings, the piping shall be either of the following: turer's installation instructions. [NFPA 54:7.1.8]
(1) Encased in an approved conduit designed to with-
stand the imposed loads and installed in accordance
1210.3 Installation of Aboveground Piping. Piping
installed aboveground shall be securely supported and located
«
with Section 1210.1.6.1 or Section 1210.1.6.2. where it will be protected from physical damage. Where pass-
(2) A piping/encasement system listed for installation ing through an exterior wall, the piping shall also be protected
beneath buildings. [NFPA 54:7.1.6] from corrosion by coating or wrapping with an inert material
1210.1.6.1 Conduit with One End Terminat- approved for such applications. The piping shall be sealed
ing Outdoors. The conduit shall extend into an around its circumference at the point of the exterior penetra-
accessible portion of the building and, at the point tion to prevent the entry of water, insects, and rodents. Where
where the conduit terminates in the building, the piping is encased in a protective pipe sleeve, the annular
space between the conduit and the gas piping shall spaces between the gas piping and the sleeve and between the
be sealed to prevent the possible entrance of any gas sleeve and the wall opening shall be sealed. [NFPA 54:7.2.1]
leakage. Where the end sealing is of a type that
retains the full pressure of the pipe, the conduit shall
1210.3.1 Protective Coating. Where piping is in con-
tact with a material or an atmosphere corrosive to the pip-
«
be designed for the same pressure as the pipe. The ing system, the piping and fittings shall be coated with a
conduit shall extend at least 4 inches (102 mm) out- corrosion-resistant material. Any such coating used on
side the building, be vented outdoors above finished piping or components shall not be considered as adding
ground level, and be installed so as to prevent the strength to the system. [NFPA 54:7.2.2]
entrance of water and insects. [NFPA 54:7.1.6.1]
1210.1.6.2 Conduit with Both Ends Terminat-
1210.3.2 Building Structure. The installation of gas
piping shall not cause structural stresses within building
«
ing Indoors. Where the conduit originates and ter- components to exceed allowable design limits. Approval
minates within the same building, the conduit shall shall be obtained before any beams or joists are cut or
originate and terminate in an accessible portion of notched. [NFPA 54:7.2.3.1 – 7.2.3.2]
the building and shall not be sealed. [NFPA
54:7.1.6.2]
1210.3.3 Gas Piping to be Sloped. Piping for other
than dry gas conditions shall be sloped not less than 1⁄4
«
1210.1.7 Plastic Piping. Plastic piping shall be inch in 15 feet (6.4 mm in 4.6 m) to prevent traps. [NFPA
installed outdoors, underground only. 54:7.2.4]
Exceptions:
(1) Plastic piping shall be permitted to terminate above-
1210.3.3.1 Ceiling Locations. Gas piping shall
be permitted to be installed in accessible spaces
«
ground where an anodeless riser is used. between a fixed ceiling and a dropped ceiling,
(2) Plastic piping shall be permitted to terminate with a whether or not such spaces are used as a plenum.
wall head adapter aboveground in buildings, includ- Valves shall not be located in such spaces.

220 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

FUEL GAS PIPING

Exception: Appliance or equipment shutoff valves

required by this code shall be permitted to be
1210.4.1 Connections. Where gas piping is to be con-
cealed, connections shall be of the following type:
«
installed in accessible spaces containing vented (1) Pipe fittings such as elbows, tees, couplings, and
appliances. right/left nipple/couplings.
» 1210.3.4 Prohibited Locations. Gas piping inside
any building shall not be installed in or through a clothes
(2) Joining tubing by brazing (see Section 1208.6.10.1).
chute, chimney or gas vent, dumbwaiter, elevator shaft, (3) Press-connect fittings listed to CSA LC 4.
or air duct, other than combustion air ducts. [NFPA (4) CSST fittings listed to CSA LC 1.
54:7.2.5] (5) Where necessary to insert fittings in the gas pipe that
Exception: Ducts used to provide ventilation air in has been installed in a concealed location, the pipe
accordance with Section 506.0 or to above-ceiling spaces shall be reconnected by welding, flanges, or the use
in accordance with Section 1210.3.3.1. of a right/left nipple/coupling.
» 1210.3.5 Hangers, Supports, and Anchors. Piping 1210.4.2 Piping in Partitions. Concealed gas piping
shall not be located in solid partitions. [NFPA 54:7.3.3]
«
shall be supported with metal pipe hooks, metal pipe
straps, metal bands, metal brackets, metal hangers, or
building structural components, suitable for the size of
1210.4.3 Tubing in Partitions. This provision shall not
apply to tubing that pierces walls, floors, or partitions.
«
piping, of adequate strength and quality, and located at Tubing installed vertically and horizontally inside hollow
intervals so as to prevent or damp out excessive vibra- walls or partitions without protection along its entire con-
tion. Piping shall be anchored to prevent undue strains cealed length shall meet the following requirements:
on connected appliances and equipment and shall not be (1) A steel striker barrier not less than 0.0508 of an inch
supported by other piping. Pipe hangers and supports (1.3 mm) thick, or equivalent, is installed between
shall conform to the requirements of MSS SP-58. [NFPA the tubing and the finished wall and extends at least
54:7.2.6.1] 4 inches (102 mm) beyond concealed penetrations
» 1210.3.5.1 Spacing. Spacing of supports in gas
piping installations shall not be greater than shown
of plates, firestops, wall studs, and so on.
(2) The tubing is installed in single runs and is not
in Table 1210.3.5.1. Spacing of supports of CSST rigidly secured. [NFPA 54:7.3.4]
shall be in accordance with the CSST manufac-
turer’s instructions. [NFPA 54:7.2.6.2]
1210.4.4 Piping in Floors. In industrial occupancies,
gas piping in solid floors such as concrete shall be laid in
«
» TABLE 1210.3.5.1
SUPPORT OF PIPING
channels in the floor and covered to permit access to the
piping with a minimum of damage to the building.
[NFPA 54: TABLE 7.2.6.2] Where piping in floor channels could be exposed to
STEEL PIPE, NOMINAL SIZE
excessive moisture or corrosive substances, the piping
NOMINAL SIZE
SPACING OF
OF TUBING
SPACING OF shall be protected in an approved manner.
SUPPORTS SUPPORTS
OF PIPE
(inches)
(feet)
SMOOTH-WALL
(inches O.D.)
(feet) In other than industrial occupancies and where
approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction, gas pip-
1
⁄2 6 1
⁄2 4 ing embedded in concrete floor slabs constructed with
3
⁄4 or 1 8 5
⁄8 or ⁄4 3
6 portland cement shall be surrounded with a minimum of
11⁄4 or larger 7
⁄8 or 1 11⁄2 inches (38 mm) of concrete and shall not be in physi-
10 8 cal contact with other metallic structures such as reinforc-
(horizontal) (horizontal)
11⁄4 or larger Every floor 1 or larger Every floor ing rods or electrically neutral conductors. All piping,
(vertical) level (vertical) level fittings, and risers shall be protected against corrosion in
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm accordance with Section 1210.3.1. Piping shall not be
embedded in concrete slabs containing quick set additives
or cinder aggregate. [NFPA 54:7.3.5.1 – 7.3.5.2]
» 1210.3.5.2 Expansion and Contraction. Sup-
ports, hangers, and anchors shall be installed so as
1210.5 Piping in Vertical Chases. Where gas piping «
exceeding 5 psi (34 kPa) is located within vertical chases in
not to interfere with the free expansion and contrac- accordance with Section 1208.5(3), the requirements of Sec-
tion of the piping between anchors. All parts of the tion 1210.5.1 through Section 1210.5.3 shall apply. [NFPA
supporting system shall be designed and installed so 54:7.4]
they are not disengaged by movement of the sup-
ported piping. [NFPA 54:7.2.6.3]
1210.5.1 Pressure Reduction. Where pressure reduc- «
» 1210.3.5.3 Piping on Roof Tops. Gas piping
installed on the roof surfaces shall be elevated above
tion is required in branch connections for compliance with
Section 1208.5, such reduction shall take place either inside
the chase or immediately adjacent to the outside wall of the
the roof surface and shall be supported in accor- chase. Regulator venting and downstream overpressure
dance with Table 1210.3.5.1. [NFPA 54:7.2.6.4] protection shall comply with Section 1208.8.4, Section
» 1210.4 Concealed Piping in Buildings. Gas piping in
concealed locations shall be installed in accordance with this
1208.8.5 and Section 1208.9 through Section 1208.11.4.
The regulator shall be accessible for service and repair and
section. [NFPA 54:7.3.1] vented in accordance with one of the following:

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 221

FUEL GAS PIPING

(1) Where the fuel gas is lighter than air, regulators

equipped with a vent limiting means shall be permit-
1210.7 Drips and Sediment Traps. For other than dry gas
conditions, a drip shall be provided at any point in the line of
«
ted to be vented into the chase. Regulators not pipe where condensate could collect. Where required by the
equipped with a vent limiting means shall be per- Authority Having Jurisdiction or the serving gas supplier, a
mitted to be vented either directly to the outdoors or drip shall also be provided at the outlet of the meter. This drip
to a point within the top 1 foot (305 mm) of the shall be installed so as to constitute a trap wherein an accu-
chase. mulation of condensate shuts off the flow of gas before it runs
(2) Where the fuel gas is heavier than air, the regulator back into the meter. [NFPA 54:7.6.1]
vent shall be vented only directly to the outdoors.
[NFPA 54:7.4.1]
1210.7.1 Location of Drips. All drips shall be installed
only in such locations that they are readily accessible to
«
» 1210.5.2 Chase Construction. Chase construction
shall comply with local building codes with respect to
permit cleaning or emptying. A drip shall not be located
where the condensate is likely to freeze. [NFPA 54:7.6.2]
fire resistance and protection of horizontal and vertical
openings. [NFPA 54:7.4.2]
1210.7.2 Sediment Traps. The installation of sediment
traps shall be in accordance with Section 1212.9. [NFPA
«
» 1210.5.3 Ventilation. A chase shall be ventilated to the 54:7.6.3]
outdoors and only at the top. The opening(s) shall have
a minimum free area [in square inches (square meters)] 1210.8 Outlets. Outlets shall be located and installed in
accordance with the following requirements:
«
equal to the product of one-half of the maximum pres-
sure in the piping [in pounds per square inch (kilopas- (1) The outlet fittings or piping shall be securely fastened in
cals)] times the largest nominal diameter of that piping place.
[in inches (millimeters)], or the cross-sectional area of (2) Outlets shall not be located behind doors.
the chase, whichever is smaller. Where more than one
(3) Outlets shall be located far enough from floors, walls,
fuel gas piping system is present, the free area for each
system shall be calculated and the largest area used. patios, slabs, and ceilings to permit the use of wrenches
[NFPA 54:7.4.3] without straining, bending, or damaging the piping.

» 1210.6 Gas Pipe Turns. Changes in direction of gas pipe

shall be made by the use of fittings, factory bends, or field
(4) The unthreaded portion of gas piping outlets shall extend
not less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) through finished ceilings
bends. [NFPA 54:7.5] or indoor or outdoor walls.
» 1210.6.1 Metallic Pipe. Metallic pipe bends shall com-
ply with the following:
(5) The unthreaded portion of gas piping outlets shall extend
not less than 2 inches (51 mm) above the surface of floors
(1) Bends shall be made only with bending tools and or outdoor patios or slabs.
procedures intended for that purpose. (6) The provisions of Section 1210.8(4) and Section
(2) All bends shall be smooth and free from buckling, 1210.8(5) shall not apply to listed quick-disconnect
cracks, or other evidence of mechanical damage. devices of the flush-mounted type or listed gas conven-
ience outlets. Such devices shall be installed in accor-
(3) The longitudinal weld of the pipe shall be near the
dance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions.
neutral axis of the bend.
[NFPA 54:7.7.1.1 – 7.7.1.6]
(4) Pipe shall not be bent through an arc of more than 90
degrees.
1210.8.1 Cap Outlets. Each outlet, including a valve,
shall be closed gastight with a threaded plug or cap
«
(5) The inside radius of a bend shall be not less than 6 immediately after installation and shall be left closed
times the outside diameter of the pipe. [NFPA until the appliance or equipment is connected thereto.
54:7.5.1]
» 1210.6.2 Plastic Pipe. Plastic pipe bends shall comply
with the following:
When an appliance or equipment is disconnected from
an outlet and the outlet is not to be used again immedi-
ately, it shall be capped or plugged gastight.
(1) The pipe shall not be damaged, and the internal Exceptions:
diameter of the pipe shall not be effectively reduced.
(1) Laboratory appliances installed in accordance with
(2) Joints shall not be located in pipe bends. Section 1212.3.1 shall be permitted.
(3) The radius of the inner curve of such bends shall not (2) The use of a listed quick-disconnect device with
be less than 25 times the inside diameter of the pipe.
integral shutoff or listed gas convenience outlet shall
(4) Where the piping manufacturer specifies the use of be permitted. [NFPA 54:7.7.2.1]
special bending tools or procedures, such tools or
procedures shall be used. [NFPA 54:7.5.2] 1210.8.2 Appliance Shutoff Valves. Appliance shut- «
» 1210.6.3 Elbows. Factory-made welding elbows or
transverse segments cut therefrom shall have an arc
off valves installed in fireplaces shall be removed, and
the piping capped gastight where the fireplace is used for
solid fuel burning. [NFPA 54:7.7.2.2]
length measured along the crotch of at least 1 inch (25.4
mm) for pipe sizes 2 inches (50 mm) and larger. [NFPA 1210.9 Manual Gas Shutoff Valves. An accessible gas
54:7.5.3] shutoff valve shall be provided upstream of each gas pressure

222 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

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regulator. Where two gas pressure regulators are installed in (2) Flammable mixture piping, minimum Schedule 40.
series in a single gas line, a manual valve shall not be required (3) Automatic firecheck(s).
at the second regulator. [NFPA 54:7.8.1]
(4) Safety blowout(s) or backfire preventers for systems
1210.9.1 Valves Controlling Multiple Systems. utilizing flammable mixture lines above 21⁄2 inches
Main gas shutoff valves controlling several gas piping (65 mm) nominal pipe size (NPS) or the equivalent.
systems shall be readily accessible for operation and [NFPA 54:7.11.1]
installed so as to be protected from physical damage. 1210.12.2 Optional Components. The following
They shall be marked with a metal tag or other perma- components shall also be permitted to be utilized in any
nent means attached by the installing agency so that the type of central premix system:
gas piping systems supplied through them can be readily
identified. [NFPA 54:7.8.2.1] (1) Flowmeter(s)
1210.9.2 Shutoff Valves for Multiple House Lines. (2) Flame arrester(s) [NFPA 54:7.11.2]
In multiple-tenant buildings supplied through a master 1210.12.3 Additional Requirements. Gas-mixing
meter, through one service regulator where a meter is not machines shall have nonsparking blowers and shall be
provided, or where meters or service regulators are not constructed so that a flashback does not rupture machine
readily accessible from the appliance or equipment loca- casings. [NFPA 54:7.11.3]
tion, an individual shutoff valve for each apartment or 1210.12.4 Special Requirements for Mixing
tenant line shall be provided at a convenient point of gen- Blowers. A mixing blower system shall be limited to
eral accessibility. In a common system serving a number applications with minimum practical lengths of mixture
of individual buildings, shutoff valves shall be installed piping, limited to a maximum mixture pressure of 10
at each building. [NFPA 54:7.8.2.2] inches water column (2.5 kPa) and limited to gases con-
1210.9.3 Emergency Shutoff Valves. An exterior taining no more than 10 percent hydrogen. The blower
shutoff valve to permit turning off the gas supply to each shall be equipped with a gas control valve at its air
building in an emergency shall be provided. The emer- entrance arranged so that gas is admitted to the airstream,
gency shutoff valves shall be plainly marked as such and entering the blower in proper proportions for correct
their locations posted as required by the Authority Hav- combustion by the type of burners employed, the said
ing Jurisdiction. [NFPA 54:7.8.2.3] gas control valve being of either the zero governor or
1210.9.4 Shutoff Valve for Laboratories. Each lab- mechanical ratio valve type that controls the gas and air
oratory space containing two or more gas outlets installed adjustment simultaneously. No valves or other obstruc-
on tables, benches, or in hoods in educational, research, tions shall be installed between the blower discharge and
commercial and industrial occupancies shall have a sin- the burner or burners. [NFPA 54:7.11.4]
gle shutoff valve through which all such gas outlets are 1210.12.5 Installation of Gas-Mixing Machines.
supplied. The shutoff valve shall be accessible, located Installation of gas-mixing machines shall comply with
within the laboratory or adjacent to the laboratory’s the following:
egress door, and identified. [NFPA 54:7.8.2.4] (1) The gas-mixing machine shall be located in a well-
1210.10 Prohibited Devices. Devices shall not be placed ventilated area or in a detached building or cutoff
within the interior of gas piping or fittings where such devices room provided with room construction and explo-
reduce the cross-sectional area or otherwise obstruct the free sion vents in accordance with sound engineering
flow of gas, except where allowance in the piping system principles. Such rooms or below-grade installations
design has been made for such devices. [NFPA 54:7.9] shall have adequate positive ventilation.
1210.11 Systems Containing Gas-Air Mixtures Out- (2) Where gas-mixing machines are installed in well-
side the Flammable Range. Where gas-air mixing ventilated areas, the type of electrical equipment
machines are employed to produce mixtures above or below shall be in accordance with NFPA 70 for general
the flammable range, they shall be provided with stops to pre- service conditions unless other hazards in the area
vent adjustment of the mixture to within or approaching the prevail. Where gas-mixing machines are installed in
flammable range. [NFPA 54:7.10] small detached buildings or cutoff rooms, the elec-
1210.12 Systems Containing Flammable Gas-Air trical equipment and wiring shall be installed in
Mixtures. Systems containing flammable gas-air mixtures accordance with NFPA 70 for hazardous locations
shall be in accordance with Section 1210.12.1 through Sec- (Articles 500 and 501, Class I, Division 2).
tion 1210.12.6. (3) Air intakes for gas-mixing machines using com-
1210.12.1 Required Components. A central premix pressors or blowers shall be taken from outdoors
system with a flammable mixture in the blower or com- whenever practical.
pressor shall consist of the following components: (4) Controls for gas-mixing machines shall include inter-
(1) Gas-mixing machine in the form of an automatic locks and a safety shutoff valve of the manual reset
gas-air proportioning device combined with a down- type in the gas supply connection to each machine
stream blower or compressor. arranged to automatically shut off the gas supply in

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 223

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the event of high or low gas pressure. Except for open 1211.0 Electrical Bonding and Grounding.
burner installations only, the controls shall be inter- 1211.1 Pipe and Tubing Other than CSST. Each above-
locked so that the blower or compressor stops oper- ground portion of a gas piping system, other than CSST, that
ating following a gas supply failure. Where a system is likely to become energized shall be electrically continuous
employs pressurized air, means shall be provided to and bonded to an effective ground-fault current path. Gas pip-
shut off the gas supply in the event of air failure. ing, other than CSST, shall be considered to be bonded when
(5) Centrifugal gas-mixing machines in parallel shall be it is connected to appliances that are connected to the appli-
reviewed by the user and equipment manufacturer ance grounding conductor of the circuit supplying that appli-
before installation, and means or plans for minimiz- ance. [NFPA 54:7.12.1]
ing the effects of downstream pulsation and equip- 1211.2 Bonding of CSST Gas Piping. CSST gas piping
ment overload shall be prepared and utilized as systems, and gas piping systems containing one or more seg-
needed. [NFPA 54:7.11.5.1 – 7.11.5.5] ments of CSST, shall be electrically continuous and bonded
1210.12.6 Use of Automatic Firechecks, Safety to the electrical service grounding electrode system or, where
provided, lightning protection grounding electrode system.
Blowouts, or Backfire Preventers. Automatic
[NFPA 54:7.12.2]
firechecks and safety blowouts or backfire preventers
shall be provided in piping systems distributing flamma- 1211.2.1 Bonding Jumper Connection. The bond-
ble air-gas mixtures from gas-mixing machines to protect ing jumper shall connect to a metallic pipe, pipe fitting,
the piping and the machines in the event of flashback, in or CSST fitting. [NFPA 54:7.12.2.1]
accordance with the following: 1211.2.2 Bonding Jumper Size. The bonding jumper
shall not be smaller than 6 AWG copper wire or equiva-
(1) Approved automatic firechecks shall be installed
lent. [NFPA 54:7.12.2.2]
upstream as close as practical to the burner inlets fol-
lowing the firecheck manufacturer’s instructions. 1211.2.3 Bonding Jumper Length. The length of the
jumper between the connection to the gas piping system
(2) A separate manually operated gas valve shall be pro- and the grounding electrode system shall not exceed 75
vided at each automatic firecheck for shutting off feet (22 860 mm). Any additional grounding electrodes
the flow of the gas-air mixture through the firecheck installed to meet this requirement shall be bonded to the
after a flashback has occurred. The valve shall be electrical service grounding electrode system or, where
located upstream as close as practical to the inlet of provided, lightning protection grounding electrode sys-
the automatic firecheck. tem. [NFPA 54:7.12.2.3]
Caution: These valves shall not be reopened after a 1211.2.4 Bonding Connections. Bonding connec-
flashback has occurred until the firecheck has cooled tions shall be in accordance with NFPA 70. [NFPA
sufficiently to prevent re-ignition of the flammable 54:7.12.2.4]
mixture and has been reset properly. 1211.2.5 Devices Used for Bonding. Devices used
(3) A safety blowout or backfiring preventer shall be for the bonding connection shall be listed for the appli-
provided in the mixture line near the outlet of each cation in accordance with UL 467. [NFPA 54:7.12.2.5]
gas-mixing machine where the size of the piping is 1211.3 Arc-Resistant Jacketed CSST. CSST listed with
larger than 21⁄2 inches (65 mm) NPS, or equivalent, to an arc resistant jacket or coating system in accordance with
protect the mixing equipment in the event of an CSA LC 1 shall be electrically continuous and bonded to an
explosion passing through an automatic firecheck. effective ground fault current path. Where any CSST com-
The manufacturer’s instructions shall be followed ponent of a piping system does not have an arc-resistant
when installing these devices, particularly after a disc jacket or coating system, the bonding requirements of Sec-
has burst. The discharge from the safety blowout or tion 1211.2 shall apply. Arc-resistant jacketed CSST shall be
backfire preventer shall be located or shielded so that considered to be bonded when it is connected to appliances
particles from the ruptured disc cannot be directed that are connected to the appliance grounding conductor of
toward personnel. Wherever there are interconnected the circuit supplying that appliance. [NFPA 54:7.12.3]
installations of gas-mixing machines with safety
blowouts or backfire preventers, provision shall be
1211.4 Prohibited Use. Gas piping shall not be used as a
grounding conductor or electrode. [NFPA 54:7.12.4]
«
made to keep the mixture from other machines from
reaching any ruptured disc opening. Check valves
1211.5 Lightning Protection System. Where a lightning
protection system is installed, the bonding of the gas piping
«
shall not be used for this purpose. shall be in accordance with NFPA 780. [NFPA 54:7.12.5]
(4) Large-capacity premix systems provided with explo-
sion heads (rupture discs) to relieve excessive pres-
1211.6 Electrical Circuits. Electrical circuits shall not uti-
lize gas piping or components as conductors.
«
sure in pipelines shall be located at and vented to a Exception: Low-voltage (50 V or less) control circuits, igni-
safe outdoor location. Provisions shall be provided tion circuits, and electronic flame detection device circuits
for automatically shutting off the supply of the gas-air shall be permitted to make use of piping or components as a
mixture in the event of rupture. [NFPA 54:7.11.6] part of an electric circuit. [NFPA 54:7.13]

224 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

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» 1211.7 Electrical Connections. All electrical connections

between wiring and electrically operated control devices in a
installed in accordance with the connector and appliance
manufacturer’s installation instructions. [NFPA
piping system shall conform to the requirements of Califor- 54:9.6.1.4]
nia Electrical Code. [NFPA 54:7.14.1] 1212.2 Suspended Low-Intensity Infrared Tube
» 1211.7.1 Safety Control. Any essential safety control
depending on electric current as the operating medium
Heaters. Suspended low-intensity infrared tube heaters shall
be connected to the building piping system with a connector
shall be of a type that shuts off (fail safe) the flow of gas listed for the application in accordance with CSA Z21.24 as
in the event of current failure. [NFPA 54:7.14.2] follows:
1211.8 Earthquake-Actuated Gas Shutoff Valves. Earth- (1) The connector shall be installed in accordance with the
quake-actuated gas shutoff valves designed to automatically tube heater installation instructions and shall be in the
shut off the gas at the location of the valve in the event of a seis- same room as the appliance.
mic disturbance and certified by the State Architect as con- (2) Only one connector shall be used per appliance. [NFPA
forming to California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 12, 54:9.6.1.5]
Chapter 12-16-1, shall be provided for buildings when such
installation is required by local ordinance. Earthquake-actu- 1212.3 Use of Nonmetallic Gas Hose Connectors.
ated gas shutoff valves which have not been certified by the State Listed gas hose connectors shall be used in accordance with
Architect shall be prohibited in buildings open to the public the manufacturer’s installation instructions and in accordance
under mandatory installation by local ordinance. Installation with Section 1212.3.1 and Section 1212.3.2. [NFPA 54:9.6.2]
of the valves shall be in accordance with local ordinance, and 1212.3.1 Indoor. Indoor gas hose connectors shall be
in the absence of such per the manufacturer’s installation used only to connect laboratory, shop, and ironing appli-
instructions. ances requiring mobility during operation and installed in
accordance with the following:
1212.0 Appliance and Equipment Connections to (1) An appliance shutoff valve shall be installed where
Building Piping. the connector is attached to the building piping.
1212.1 Connecting Appliances and Equipment. (2) The connector shall be of minimum length and shall
Appliances and equipment shall be connected to the building not exceed 6 feet (1829 mm).
piping in compliance with Section 1212.6 through Section (3) The connector shall not be concealed and shall not
1212.8 by one of the following: extend from one room to another or pass through
(1) Rigid metallic pipe and fittings. wall partitions, ceilings, or floors. [NFPA
54:9.6.2(1)]
(2) Semirigid metallic tubing and metallic fittings. Alu-
minum alloy tubing shall not be used in exterior loca- 1212.3.2 Outdoor. Where outdoor gas hose connectors
tions. are used to connect portable outdoor appliances, the con-
nector shall be listed in accordance with CSA Z21.54 and
(3) A listed connector in compliance with CSA Z21.24. The
installed in accordance with the following:
connector shall be used in accordance with the manu-
facturer’s installation instructions and shall be in the (1) An appliance shutoff valve, a listed quick-discon-
same room as the appliance. Only one connector shall be nect device, or a listed gas convenience outlet shall
used per appliance. be installed where the connector is attached to the
(4) A listed connector in compliance with CSA Z21.75. Only supply piping and in such a manner so as to prevent
one connector shall be used per appliance. the accumulation of water or foreign matter.
(5) CSST where installed in accordance with the manufac- (2) This connection shall be made only in the outdoor
turer’s installation instructions. CSST shall connect only area where the appliance is to be used. [NFPA
to appliances that are fixed in place. 54:9.6.2(2)]
(6) Listed nonmetallic gas hose connectors in accordance (3) The connector length shall not exceed 15 feet (4572
with Section 1212.3. mm).
(7) Unlisted gas hose connectors for use in laboratories and 1212.4 Injection (Bunsen) Burners. Injection (Bunsen)
educational facilities in accordance with Section 1212.4. burners used in laboratories and educational facilities shall
[NFPA 54:9.6.1] be permitted to be connected to the gas supply by an unlisted
1212.1.1 Commercial Cooking Appliances. Con- hose. [NFPA 54:9.6.3]
nectors used with commercial cooking appliances that 1212.5 Connection of Portable and Mobile Industrial
are moved for cleaning and sanitation purposes shall be Gas Appliances. Where portable industrial appliances or
installed in accordance with the connector manufac- appliances requiring mobility or subject to vibration are con-
turer’s installation instructions. Such connectors shall be nected to the building gas piping system by the use of a flex-
listed in accordance with CSA Z21.69. [NFPA ible hose, the hose shall be suitable and safe for the conditions
54:9.6.1.3] under which it can be used. [NFPA 54:9.6.4.1]
1212.1.2 Restraining Device. Movement of appli- 1212.5.1 Swivel Joints or Couplings. Where indus-
ances with casters shall be limited by a restraining device trial appliances requiring mobility are connected to the

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rigid piping by the use of swivel joints or couplings, the to the inlet of the appliance as practical at the time of appli-
swivel joints or couplings shall be suitable for the serv- ance installation. The sediment trap shall be either a tee fitting
ice required, and only the minimum number required with a capped nipple in the bottom outlet, as illustrated in Fig-
shall be installed. [NFPA 54:9.6.4.2] ure 1212.9, or another device recognized as an effective sed-
iment trap. Illuminating appliances, gas ranges, clothes
1212.5.2 Metal Flexible Connectors. Where indus-
dryers, decorative appliances for installation in vented fire-
trial appliances subject to vibration are connected to the
places, gas fireplaces, and outdoor cooking appliances shall
building piping system by the use of all metal flexible
not be required to be so equipped. [NFPA 54:9.6.8]
connectors, the connectors shall be suitable for the serv-
ice required. [NFPA 54:9.6.4.3]
1212.5.3 Flexible Connectors. Where flexible con-
nections are used, they shall be of the minimum practi-
cal length and shall not extend from one room to another
or pass through any walls, partitions, ceilings, or floors.
Flexible connections shall not be used in any concealed
location. They shall be protected against physical or ther-
mal damage and shall be provided with gas shutoff
valves in readily accessible locations in rigid piping
upstream from the flexible connections. [NFPA
54:9.6.4.4]
1212.6 Appliance Shutoff Valves and Connections.
Each appliance connected to a piping system shall have an
accessible, approved manual shutoff valve with a nondis-
placeable valve member, or a listed gas convenience outlet. For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm
Appliance shutoff valves and convenience outlets shall serve
a single appliance only. [NFPA 54:9.6.5] The shutoff valve FIGURE 1212.9
shall be located within 6 feet (1829 mm) of the appliance it METHOD OF INSTALLING A TEE FITTING SEDIMENT TRAP
[NFPA 54: FIGURE 9.6.8]
serves. [NFPA 54:9.6.5.1] Where a connector is used, the
valve shall be installed upstream of the connector. A union
or flanged connection shall be provided downstream from the 1212.10 Installation of Piping. Piping shall be installed in
valve to permit removal of appliance controls. [NFPA a manner not to interfere with inspection, maintenance, or
54:9.6.5.1(A)] servicing of the appliances. [NFPA 54:9.6.9]
Exceptions: 1212.11 Liquefied Petroleum Gas Facilities and Pip-
(1) Shutoff valves serving decorative appliances in a fire- ing. Liquefied petroleum gas facilities shall be in accordance
place shall not be located within the fireplace firebox with NFPA 58.
except where the valve is listed for such use. [NFPA
54:9.6.5.1(B)] 1213.0 Pressure Testing, Inspection, and Purging.
(2) Shutoff valves shall be permitted to be accessibly located 1213.1 Piping Installations. Prior to acceptance and ini-
inside wall heaters and wall furnaces listed for recessed tial operation, all piping installations shall be visually
installation where necessary maintenance is performed inspected and pressure tested to determine that the materials,
without removal of the shutoff valve. design, fabrication, and installation practices comply with the
1212.7 Quick-Disconnect Devices. Quick-disconnect requirements of this code. [NFPA 54:8.1.1.1]
devices used to connect appliances to the building piping shall 1213.1.1 Inspection Requirements. Inspection shall
be listed to CSA Z21.41. Where installed indoors, an consist of visual examination, during or after manufac-
approved manual shutoff valve with a non-displaceable valve ture, fabrication, assembly, or pressure tests. [NFPA
member shall be installed upstream of the quick-disconnect 54:8.1.1.2]
device. [NFPA 54:9.6.6.1 – 9.6.6.2]
1213.1.2 Repairs and Additions. Where repairs or
1212.8 Gas Convenience Outlets. Appliances shall be additions are made following the pressure test, the
permitted to be connected to the building piping by means of affected piping shall be tested. Minor repairs and addi-
a listed gas convenience outlet, in conjunction with a listed tions are not required to be pressure tested, provided that
appliance connector, installed in accordance with the manu- the work is inspected and connections are tested with a
facturer’s installation instructions. noncorrosive leak-detecting fluid or other leak-detecting
Gas convenience outlets shall be listed in accordance methods approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
with CSA Z21.90 and installed in accordance with the man- [NFPA 54:8.1.1.3]
ufacturer’s installation instructions. [NFPA 54:9.6.7] 1213.1.3 New Branches. Where new branches are
1212.9 Sediment Trap. Where a sediment trap is not incor- installed to new appliance(s), only the newly installed
porated as a part of the appliance, a sediment trap shall be branch(es) shall be required to be pressure tested. Con-
installed downstream of the appliance shutoff valve as close nections between the new piping and the existing piping

226 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

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shall be tested with a noncorrosive leak-detecting fluid or 1213.3 Test Pressure. This inspection shall include an air,
approved leak-detecting methods. [NFPA 54:8.1.1.4] CO2, or nitrogen pressure test, at which time the gas piping
1213.1.4 Piping System. A piping system shall be shall stand a pressure of not less than 10 psi (69 kPa) gauge
tested as a complete unit or in sections. Under no cir- pressure. Test pressures shall be held for a length of time sat-
cumstances shall a valve in a line be used as a bulkhead isfactory to the Authority Having Jurisdiction but in no case
between gas in one section of the piping system and test less than 15 minutes with no perceptible drop in pressure. For
medium in an adjacent section, unless a double block and welded piping, and for piping carrying gas at pressures in
bleed valve system is installed. A valve shall not be sub- excess of 14 inches water column pressure (3.5 kPa), the test
pressure shall be not less than 60 psi (414 kPa) and shall be
jected to the test pressure unless it can be determined that
continued for a length of time satisfactory to the Authority
the valve, including the valve closing mechanism, is
Having Jurisdiction, but in no case for less than 30 minutes.
designed to safely withstand the pressure. [NFPA For CSST carrying gas at pressures in excess of 14 inches
54:8.1.1.5] water column (3.5 kPa) pressure, the test pressure shall be not
1213.1.5 Regulators and Valves. Regulator and less than 30 psi (207 kPa) for 30 minutes. These tests shall be
valve assemblies fabricated independently of the piping made using air, CO2, or nitrogen pressure and shall be made
system in which they are to be installed shall be permit- in the presence of the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Neces-
ted to be tested with inert gas or air at the time of fabri- sary apparatus for conducting tests shall be furnished by the
cation. [NFPA 54:8.1.1.6] permit holder. Test gauges used in conducting tests shall be
1213.1.6 Test Medium. The test medium shall be air, in accordance with Section 318.0.
nitrogen, carbon dioxide, or an inert gas. Oxygen shall 1213.4 Detection of Leaks and Defects. The piping sys-
not be used as a test medium. [NFPA 54:8.1.2] tem shall withstand the test pressure specified without show-
1213.2 Test Preparation. Test preparation shall comply ing any evidence of leakage or other defects. Any reduction of
test pressures as indicated by pressure gauges shall be deemed
with Section 1213.2.1 through Section 1213.2.6.
to indicate the presence of a leak unless such reduction can be
1213.2.1 Pipe Joints. Pipe joints, including welds, readily attributed to some other cause. [NFPA 54:8.1.5.1]
shall be left exposed for examination during the test. 1213.4.1 Detecting Leaks. The leakage shall be
Exception: Covered or concealed pipe end joints that located by means of an approved gas detector, a noncor-
have been previously tested in accordance with this code. rosive leak detection fluid, or other approved leak detec-
[NFPA 54:8.1.3.1] tion methods. [NFPA 54:8.1.5.2]
1213.2.2 Expansion Joints. Expansion joints shall 1213.4.2 Repair or Replace. Where leakage or other
be provided with temporary restraints, if required, for the defects are located, the affected portion of the piping sys-
additional thrust load under test. [NFPA 54:8.1.3.2] tem shall be repaired or replaced and retested. [NFPA
1213.2.3 Appliances and Equipment. Appliances 54:8.1.5.3]
and equipment that are not to be included in the test shall 1213.5 Piping System Leak Test. Leak checks using fuel
be either disconnected from the piping or isolated by gas shall be permitted in piping systems that have been pres-
blanks, blind flanges, or caps. Flanged joints at which sure-tested in accordance with Section 1213.0 through Sec-
blinds are inserted to blank off other equipment during tion 1213.4.2. [NFPA 54:8.2.1]
the test shall not be required to be tested. [NFPA 1213.5.1 Turning Gas On. During the process of turn-
54:8.1.3.3] ing gas on into a system of new gas piping, the entire sys-
1213.2.4 Designed for Operating Pressures Less tem shall be inspected to determine that there are no open
fittings or ends and that all valves at unused outlets are
Than Test Pressure. Where the piping system is con-
closed and plugged or capped. [NFPA 54:8.2.2]
nected to appliances or equipment designed for operating
pressures of less than the test pressure, such appliances 1213.5.2 Leak Check. Immediately after the gas is
or equipment shall be isolated from the piping system by turned on into a new system or into a system that has
disconnecting them and capping the outlet(s). [NFPA been initially restored after an interruption of service, the
piping system shall be checked for leakage. Where leak-
54:8.1.3.4]
age is indicated, the gas supply shall be shut off until the
1213.2.5 Designed for Operating Pressures necessary repairs have been made. [NFPA 54:8.2.3]
Equal to or Greater Than Test Pressure. Where the 1213.5.3 Placing Appliances and Equipment in
piping system is connected to appliances or equipment Operation. Appliances and equipment shall not be
designed for operating pressures equal to or greater than placed in operation until after the piping system has been
the test pressure, such appliances or equipment shall be checked for leakage in accordance with Section 1213.5.2,
isolated from the piping system by closing the individual the piping system is purged in accordance with Section
appliance or equipment shutoff valve(s). [NFPA 1213.6, and connections to the appliance are checked for
54:8.1.3.5] leakage. [NFPA 54:8.2.4]
1213.2.6 Safety. All testing of piping systems shall be 1213.6 Purging Requirements. The purging of piping
performed in a manner that protects the safety of employ- shall be in accordance with Section 1213.6.1 through Section
ees and the public during the test. [NFPA 54:8.1.3.6] 1213.6.3. [NFPA 54:8.3]

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 227

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1213.6.1 Piping Systems Required to be Purged openings and at least 25 feet (7620 mm) from
Outdoors. The purging of piping systems shall be in mechanical air intake openings.
accordance with Section 1213.6.1.1 through Section (3) During discharge, the open point of discharge
1213.6.1.5 where the piping system meets either of the shall be continuously attended and monitored
following: with a combustible gas indicator that complies
(1) The design operating gas pressure is greater than 2 with Section 1213.6.1.5.
psig (14 kPa). (4) Purging operations introducing fuel gas shall be
(2) The piping being purged contains one or more sec- stopped when 90 percent fuel gas by volume is
tions of pipe or tubing meeting the size and length detected within the pipe.
criteria of Table 1213.6.1. [NFPA 54:8.3.1] (5) Persons not involved in the purging operations
shall be evacuated from all areas within 10 feet
TABLE 1213.6.1 (3048 mm) of the point of discharge. [NFPA
SIZE AND LENGTH OF PIPING 54:8.3.1.3]
[NFPA 54: TABLE 8.3.1]* 1213.6.1.5 Combustible Gas Indicator. Com-
NOMINAL PIPING SIZE LENGTH OF PIPING bustible gas indicators shall be listed and calibrated
(inches) (feet) in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
≥ 21⁄2 < 3 > 50 Combustible gas indicators shall numerically dis-
play a volume scale from 0 percent to 100 percent in
≥3<4 > 30 1 percent or smaller increments. [NFPA 54:8.3.1.4]
≥4<6 > 15 1213.6.2 Piping Systems Allowed to be Purged
≥6<8 > 10 Indoors or Outdoors. The purging of piping systems
shall be in accordance with the provisions of Section
≥8 Any length 1213.6.2.1 where the piping system meets both of the
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm following:
* CSST EHD size of 62 is equivalent to nominal 2 inches (50 mm) pipe or (1) The design operating pressure is 2 psig (14 kPag) or
tubing size.
less.
(2) The piping being purged is constructed entirely from
1213.6.1.1 Removal from Service. Where exist- pipe or tubing not meeting the size and length crite-
ria of Table 1213.6.1. [NFPA 54:8.3.2]
ing gas piping is opened, the section that is opened
shall be isolated from the gas supply and the line 1213.6.2.1 Purging Procedure. The piping sys-
pressure vented in accordance with Section tem shall be purged in accordance with one or more
1213.6.1.4. Where gas piping meeting the criteria of of the following:
Table 1213.6.1 is removed from service, the residual (1) The piping shall be purged with fuel gas and
fuel gas in the piping shall be displaced with an inert shall discharge to the outdoors.
gas. [NFPA 54:8.3.1.1] (2) The piping shall be purged with fuel gas and
1213.6.1.2 Removal of Piping. Where piping shall discharge to the indoors or outdoors
containing gas is to be removed, the line shall be through an appliance burner not located in a
first disconnected from sources of gas and then thor- combustion chamber. Such burner shall be pro-
oughly purged with air, water, or inert gas before vided with a continuous source of ignition.
cutting, or welding is done. (3) The piping shall be purged with fuel gas and
1213.6.1.3 Placing in Operation. Where gas pip- shall discharge to the indoors or outdoors
ing containing air and meeting the criteria of Table through a burner that has a continuous source
1213.6.1 is placed in operation, the air in the piping of ignition and that is designed for such pur-
pose.
shall first be displaced with an inert gas. The inert
gas shall then be displaced with fuel gas in accor- (4) The piping shall be purged with fuel gas that is
dance with Section 1213.6.1.4. [NFPA 54:8.3.1.2] discharged to the indoors or outdoors, and the
point of discharge shall be monitored with a
1213.6.1.4 Outdoor Discharge of Purged listed combustible gas detector in accordance
Gases. The open end of a piping system being with Section 1213.6.2.2. Purging shall be
pressure vented or purged shall discharge directly to stopped when fuel gas is detected.
an outdoor location. Purging operations shall com-
(5) The piping shall be purged by the gas supplier
ply with all of the following requirements:
in accordance with written procedures. [NFPA
(1) The point of discharge shall be controlled with 54:8.3.2.1]
a shutoff valve. 1213.6.2.2 Combustible Gas Detector. Com-
(2) The point of discharge shall be located at bustible gas detectors shall be listed and calibrated
least10 feet (3048 mm) from sources of igni- or tested in accordance with the manufacturer’s
tion, at least 10 feet (3048 mm) from building instructions. Combustible gas detectors shall be

228 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

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capable of indicating the presence of fuel gas. length of piping from the point of delivery to the
[NFPA 54:8.3.2.2] most remote outlet in each branch and the load of
1213.6.3 Purging Appliances and Equipment. the section. [NFPA 54:6.1.2]
After the piping system has been placed in operation, 1215.1.3 Hybrid Pressure. The pipe size for each sec-
appliances and equipment shall be purged before being tion of higher pressure gas piping shall be determined
placed into operation. [NFPA 54:8.3.3] using the longest length of piping from the point of deliv-
ery to the most remote line pressure regulator. The pipe
size from the line pressure regulator to each outlet shall
1214.0 Required Gas Supply.
be determined using the length of piping from the regu-
1214.1 General. The following regulations shall comply lator to the most remote outlet served by the regulator.
with this section and Section 1215.0, shall be the standard for [NFPA 54:6.1.3]
the installation of gas piping. Natural gas regulations and
tables are based on the use of a gas having a specific gravity 1215.2 Sizing of Gas Piping Systems. Sizing of piping
of 0.60 and for undiluted liquefied petroleum gas, having a systems shall be in accordance with Section 1215.2.1 for nat-
specific gravity of 1.50. Where gas of a different specific ural gas piping systems and Section 1215.2.2 for propane pip-
gravity is to be delivered, the specific gravity conversion facing systems.
tors provided by the serving gas supplier shall be used in siz- 1215.2.1 Natural Gas Piping Systems. Table
ing piping systems from the pipe sizing tables in this chapter. 1215.2(1) through Table 1215.2(23) shall be used in con-
1214.2 Volume. The hourly volume of gas required at each junction with one of the methods described in Section
piping outlet shall be taken as not less than the maximum 1215.1.1 through Section 1215.1.3 for piping materials
hourly rating as specified by the manufacturer of the appli- other than non-corrugated stainless steel tubing. Section
ance or appliances to be connected to each such outlet. 1215.3 shall be used in conjunction with one of the meth-
ods described in Section 1215.1.1 through Section
1214.3 Gas Appliances. Where the gas appliances to be
installed have not been specified, Table 1208.4.1 shall be per- 1215.1.3 for non-corrugated stainless steel tubing.
mitted to be used as a reference to estimate requirements of [NFPA 54:6.2.1, 6.2.2]
typical appliances. 1215.2.2 Propane Piping Systems. Table
To obtain the cubic feet per hour (m3/h) of gas required, 1215.2(24) through Table 1215.2(36) shall be used in
divide the input of the appliances by the average Btu (kW•h) conjunction with one of the methods described in Sec-
heating value per cubic foot (m3) of the gas. The average Btu tion 1215.1.1 through Section 1215.1.3 for piping mate-
(kW•h) per cubic foot (m3) of the gas in the area of the instal- rials other than non-corrugated stainless steel tubing.
lation shall be permitted to be obtained from the serving gas Section 1215.3 shall be used in conjunction with one of
supplier. the methods described in Section 1215.1.1 through Sec-
tion 1215.1.3 for non-corrugated stainless steel tubing.
1214.4 Size of Piping Outlets. The size of the supply pip-
[NFPA 54:6.3.1, 6.3.2]
ing outlet for a gas appliance shall be not less than 1⁄2 of an
inch in diameter (15 mm). 1215.3 Sizing Equations. The inside diameter of smooth
wall pipe or tubing shall be determined by Equation
The size of a piping outlet for a mobile home shall be not
1215.3(1), Equation 1215.3(2) and Table 1215.3 using the
less than 3⁄4 of an inch in diameter (20 mm).
equivalent pipe length determined by the methods in Section
1215.1.1 through Section 1215.1.3. [NFPA 54:6.4]
1215.0 Required Gas Piping Size.
1215.1 Pipe Sizing Methods. Where the pipe size is to be LOW-PRESSURE GAS FORMULA (LESS THAN 1.5 psi)
determined using any of the methods in Section 1215.1.1 [NFPA 54:6.4.1]
through Section 1215.1.3, the diameter of each pipe segment
shall be obtained from the pipe sizing tables in Section 1215.2
or from the sizing equations in Section 1215.3. [NFPA 54:6.1] [Equation 1215.3(1)]
Q 0.381
1215.1.1 Longest Length Method. The pipe size of D=
( ΔH
)
0.206
each section of gas piping shall be determined using the
longest length of piping from the point of delivery to the 19.17 Cr x L
most remote outlet and the load of the section. [NFPA
54:6.1.1] (see calculation example in Figure 1215.1.1)
1215.1.2 Branch Length Method. Pipe shall be sized Where:
as follows: D = inside diameter of pipe, inches
(1) Pipe size of each section of the longest pipe run from Q = input rate appliance(s), cubic feet per hour at 60˚F
the point of delivery to the most remote outlet shall and 30 inch mercury column
be determined using the longest run of piping and
the load of the section. L = equivalent length of pipe, feet
(2) The pipe size of each section of branch piping not ΔH = pressure drop, inches water column
previously sized shall be determined using the Cr = in accordance with Table 1215.3

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HIGH-PRESSURE GAS FORMULA (1.5 psi AND ABOVE) (6) Size each section of branch piping not previously sized
[NFPA 54:6.4.2] by measuring the distance from the gas meter location to
the most remote outlet in that branch and follow the pro-
[Equation 1215.3(2)] cedures of steps 2, 3, 4, and 5 above. Size branch piping
in the order of their distance from the meter location,
Q 0.381
beginning with the most distant outlet not previously
D=
[ (P12 – P22) • Y
]
0.206
sized.
18.93 Cr x L 1215.5 Engineering Methods. For conditions other than
those covered by Section 1215.1, such as longer runs or
Where: greater gas demands, the size of each gas piping system shall
D = inside diameter of pipe, inches be determined by standard engineering methods acceptable
to the Authority Having Jurisdiction, and each such system
Q = input rate appliance(s), cubic feet per hour at 60°F shall be so designed that the total pressure drop between the
and 30 inch mercury column meter or another point of supply and an outlet where full
P1 = upstream pressure, psia (P1 + 14.7) demand is being supplied to all outlets, shall be in accordance
P2 = downstream pressure, psia (P2 + 14.7) with the requirements of Section 1208.4.
L = equivalent length of pipe, feet 1215.6 Variable Gas Pressure. Where the supply gas
pressure exceeds 5 psi (34.6 kPa) for natural gas and 10 psi
Cr = in accordance with Table 1215.3
(69 kPa) for undiluted propane or is less than 6 inches (1.5
Y = in accordance with Table 1215.3 kPa) of water column, or where diversity demand factors are
used, the design, pipe, sizing, materials, location, and use of
For SI units: 1 cubic foot = 0.0283 m3, 1000 British thermal units per hour = such systems first shall be approved by the Authority Having
0.293 kW, 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pound-force per square inch Jurisdiction. Piping systems designed for pressures exceeding
= 6.8947 kPa, °C = (°F-32)/1.8, 1 inch mercury column = 3.39 kPa, 1 inch the serving gas supplier’s standard delivery pressure shall
water column = 0.249 kPa have prior verification from the gas supplier of the availabil-
ity of the design pressure.

TABLE 1215.3
Cr AND Y FOR NATURAL GAS AND UNDILUTED
PROPANE AT STANDARD CONDITIONS
[NFPA 54: TABLE 6.4.2]
FORMULA FACTORS
GAS
Cr Y
Natural Gas 0.6094 0.9992
Undiluted Propane 1.2462 0.9910

1215.4 Sizing of Piping Sections. To determine the size

of each section of pipe in a system within the range of Table
1215.2(1) through Table 1215.2(36), proceed as follows:
(1) Measure the length of the pipe from the gas meter loca-
tion to the most remote outlet on the system.
(2) Select the length in feet column and row showing the dis-
tance, or the next longer distance where the table does
not give the exact length.
(3) Starting at the most remote outlet, find in the row just
selected the gas demand for that outlet. Where the exact
figure of demand is not shown, choose the next larger
figure in the row.
(4) At the top of this column will be found the correct size
of pipe.
(5) Using this same row, proceed in a similar manner to each
section of pipe serving this outlet. For each section of
pipe, determine the total gas demand supplied by that
section. Where gas piping sections serve both heating
and cooling appliances and the installation prevents both
units from operating simultaneously, the larger of the two
demand loads needs to be used in sizing these sections.

230 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

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FIGURE 1215.1.1
EXAMPLE ILLUSTRATING USE OF TABLE 1208.4.1 AND TABLE 1215.2(1)
Problem: Determine the required pipe size of each section and outlet of the piping system shown in Figure 1215.1.1. Gas to be
used has a specific gravity of 0.60 and 1100 British thermal units (Btu) per cubic foot (0.0114 kW•h/L), delivered at 8 inch water
column (2.0 kPa) pressure.

For SI units: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 gallon = 3.785 L, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h

Solution:
(1) Maximum gas demand of Outlet A —
32 cubic feet per hour (0.91 m3/h) (from Table 1208.4.1).
Maximum gas demand of Outlet B —
3 cubic feet per hour (0.08 m3/h) (from Table 1208.4.1).
Maximum gas demand of Outlet C —
59 cubic feet per hour (1.67 m3/h) (from Table 1208.4.1).
Maximum gas demand of Outlet D —
136 cubic feet per hour (3.85 m3/h) [150 000 Btu/hour (44 kW) divided by 1100 Btu per cubic foot (0.0114 kW•h/L)].
(2) The length of pipe from the gas meter to the most remote outlet (Outlet A) is 60 feet (18 288 mm).
(3) Using the length in feet column row marked 60 feet (18 288 mm) in Table 1215.2(1):
Outlet A, supplying 32 cubic feet per hour (0.91 m3/h), requires 1⁄2 of an inch (15 mm) pipe.
Section 1, supplying Outlets A and B, or 35 cubic feet per hour (0.99 m3/h) requires 1⁄2 of an inch (15 mm) pipe.
Section 2, supplying Outlets A, B, and C, or 94 cubic feet per hour (2.66 m3/h) requires 3⁄4 of an inch (20 mm) pipe.
Section 3, supplying Outlets A, B, C, and D, or 230 cubic feet per hour (6.51 m3/h), requires 1 inch (25 mm) pipe.
(4) Using the column marked 60 feet (18 288 mm) in Table 1215.2(1):
Outlet B supplying 3 cubic feet per hour (0.08 m3/h), requires 1⁄2 of an inch (15 mm) pipe.
Outlet C, supplying 59 cubic feet per hour (1.67 m3/h), requires 1⁄2 of an inch (15 mm) pipe.
(5) Using the column marked 60 feet (18 288 mm) in Table 1215.2(1):
Outlet D, supplying 136 cubic feet per hour (3.85 m3/h), requires 3⁄4 of an inch (20 mm) pipe.

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FUEL GAS PIPING

TABLE 1215.2(15)
CORRUGATED STAINLESS STEEL TUBING (CSST) [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2.1(p)]1, 2

GAS: NATURAL
INLET PRESSURE: LESS THAN 2 psi
PRESSURE DROP: 3.0 in. w.c.
SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 0.60
INTENDED USE: INITIAL SUPPLY PRESSURE OF 8.0 INCH WATER COLUMN OR GREATER
TUBE SIZE (EHD)3
FLOW DESIGNATION: 13 15 18 19 23 25 30 31 37 39 46 48 60 62
LENGTH (feet) CAPACITY IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR
5 120 160 277 327 529 649 1180 1370 2140 2423 4430 5010 8800 10 100
10 83 112 197 231 380 462 828 958 1530 1740 3200 3560 6270 7160
15 67 90 161 189 313 379 673 778 1250 1433 2540 2910 5140 5850
20 57 78 140 164 273 329 580 672 1090 1249 2200 2530 4460 5070
25 51 69 125 147 245 295 518 599 978 1123 1960 2270 4000 4540
30 46 63 115 134 225 270 471 546 895 1029 1790 2070 3660 4140
40 39 54 100 116 196 234 407 471 778 897 1550 1800 3180 3590
50 35 48 89 104 176 210 363 421 698 806 1380 1610 2850 3210
60 32 44 82 95 161 192 330 383 639 739 1260 1470 2600 2930
70 29 41 76 88 150 178 306 355 593 686 1170 1360 2420 2720
80 27 38 71 82 141 167 285 331 555 644 1090 1280 2260 2540
90 26 36 67 77 133 157 268 311 524 609 1030 1200 2140 2400
100 24 34 63 73 126 149 254 295 498 579 974 1140 2030 2280
150 19 27 52 60 104 122 206 240 409 477 793 936 1660 1860
200 17 23 45 52 91 106 178 207 355 415 686 812 1440 1610
250 15 21 40 46 82 95 159 184 319 373 613 728 1290 1440
300 13 19 37 42 75 87 144 168 234 342 559 665 1180 1320
For SI units: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
Notes:
1
Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
2
Table includes losses for four 90 degree (1.57 rad) bends and two end fittings. Tubing runs with larger numbers of bends, fittings, or both shall be increased by
an equivalent length of tubing to the following equation: L = 1.3 n, where L is additional length (ft) of tubing and n is the number of additional fittings, bends,
or both.
3
EHD = Equivalent Hydraulic Diameter, which is a measure of the relative hydraulic efficiency between different tubing sizes. The greater the value of EHD,
the greater the gas capacity of the tubing.

246 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

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TABLE 1215.2(16)
CORRUGATED STAINLESS STEEL TUBING (CSST) [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2.1(q)]1, 2
GAS: NATURAL
INLET PRESSURE: LESS THAN 2 psi
PRESSURE DROP: 6.0 in. w.c.
SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 0.60
INTENDED USE: INITIAL SUPPLY PRESSURE OF 11.0 INCH WATER COLUMN OR GREATER
TUBE SIZE (EHD)3
FLOW DESIGNATION: 13 15 18 19 23 25 30 31 37 39 46 48 60 62
LENGTH (feet) CAPACITY IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR

5 173 229 389 461 737 911 1690 1950 3000 3375 6280 7050 12 400 14 260
10 120 160 277 327 529 649 1180 1370 2140 2423 4430 5010 8800 10 100
15 96 130 227 267 436 532 960 1110 1760 1996 3610 4100 7210 8260
20 83 112 197 231 380 462 828 958 1530 1740 3120 3560 6270 7160
25 74 99 176 207 342 414 739 855 1370 1564 2790 3190 5620 6400
30 67 90 161 189 313 379 673 778 1250 1433 2540 2910 5140 5850
40 57 78 140 164 273 329 580 672 1090 1249 2200 2530 4460 5070
50 51 69 125 147 245 295 518 599 978 1123 1960 2270 4000 4540
60 46 63 115 134 225 270 471 546 895 1029 1790 2070 3660 4140
70 42 58 106 124 209 250 435 505 830 956 1660 1920 3390 3840
80 39 54 100 116 196 234 407 471 778 897 1550 1800 3180 3590
90 37 51 94 109 185 221 383 444 735 848 1460 1700 3000 3390
100 35 48 89 104 176 210 363 421 698 806 1380 1610 2850 3210
150 28 39 73 85 145 172 294 342 573 664 1130 1320 2340 2630
200 24 34 63 73 126 149 254 295 498 579 974 1140 2030 2280
250 21 30 57 66 114 134 226 263 447 520 870 1020 1820 2040
300 19 27 52 60 104 122 206 240 409 477 793 936 1660 1860
For SI units: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
Notes:
1
Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
2
Table includes losses for four 90 degree (1.57 rad) bends and two end fittings. Tubing runs with larger numbers of bends, fittings, or both shall be increased by
an equivalent length of tubing to the following equation: L = 1.3 n, where L is additional length (ft) of tubing and n is the number of additional fittings, bends,
or both.
3
EHD = Equivalent Hydraulic Diameter, which is a measure of the relative hydraulic efficiency between different tubing sizes. The greater the value of EHD,
the greater the gas capacity of the tubing.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 247

FUEL GAS PIPING

TABLE 1215.2(17)
CORRUGATED STAINLESS STEEL TUBING (CSST) [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2.1(r)]1, 2, 3, 4
GAS: NATURAL
INLET PRESSURE: 2.0 psi
PRESSURE DROP: 1.0 psi
SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 0.60
TUBE SIZE (EHD)5
FLOW DESIGNATION: 13 15 18 19 23 25 30 31 37 39 46 48 60 62
LENGTH (feet) CAPACITY IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR

10 270 353 587 700 1100 1370 2590 2990 4510 5037 9600 10 700 18 600 21 600
25 166 220 374 444 709 876 1620 1870 2890 3258 6040 6780 11 900 13 700
30 151 200 342 405 650 801 1480 1700 2640 2987 5510 6200 10 900 12 500
40 129 172 297 351 567 696 1270 1470 2300 2605 4760 5380 9440 10 900
50 115 154 266 314 510 624 1140 1310 2060 2343 4260 4820 8470 9720
75 93 124 218 257 420 512 922 1070 1690 1932 3470 3950 6940 7940
80 89 120 211 249 407 496 892 1030 1640 1874 3360 3820 6730 7690
100 79 107 189 222 366 445 795 920 1470 1685 3000 3420 6030 6880
150 64 87 155 182 302 364 646 748 1210 1389 2440 2800 4940 5620
200 55 75 135 157 263 317 557 645 1050 1212 2110 2430 4290 4870
250 49 67 121 141 236 284 497 576 941 1090 1890 2180 3850 4360
300 44 61 110 129 217 260 453 525 862 999 1720 1990 3520 3980
400 38 52 96 111 189 225 390 453 749 871 1490 1730 3060 3450
500 34 46 86 100 170 202 348 404 552 783 1330 1550 2740 3090
For SI units: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa
Notes:
1
Table does not include effect of pressure drop across the line regulator. Where regulator loss exceeds 0.75 psi (5.17 kPa), DO NOT USE THIS TABLE. Consult with
regulator manufacturer for pressure drops and capacity factors. Pressure drops across a regulator are capable of varying with flow rate.
2
CAUTION: Capacities shown in table are capable of exceeding maximum capacity for a selected regulator. Consult with regulator or tubing manufacturer for guid-
ance.
3
Table includes losses for four 90 degree (1.57 rad) bends and two end fittings. Tubing runs with larger numbers of bends, fittings, or both shall be increased by an
equivalent length of tubing according to the following equation: L = 1.3 n, where L is additional length (ft) of tubing and n is the number of additional fittings, bends,
or both.
4
Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
5
EHD = Equivalent Hydraulic Diameter, which is a measure of the relative hydraulic efficiency between different tubing sizes. The greater the value of EHD, the greater
the gas capacity of the tubing.

248 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

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TABLE 1215.2(18)
CORRUGATED STAINLESS STEEL TUBING (CSST) [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2.1(s)]1, 2, 3, 4
GAS: NATURAL
INLET PRESSURE: 5.0 psi
PRESSURE DROP: 3.5 psi
SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 0.60
TUBE SIZE (EHD)5
FLOW DESIGNATION: 13 15 18 19 23 25 30 31 37 39 46 48 60 62
LENGTH (feet) CAPACITY IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR

10 523 674 1080 1300 2000 2530 4920 5660 8300 9140 18 100 19 800 34 400 40 400
25 322 420 691 827 1290 1620 3080 3540 5310 5911 11 400 12 600 22 000 25 600
30 292 382 632 755 1180 1480 2800 3230 4860 5420 10 400 11 500 20 100 23 400
40 251 329 549 654 1030 1280 2420 2790 4230 4727 8970 10 000 17 400 20 200
50 223 293 492 586 926 1150 2160 2490 3790 4251 8020 8930 15 600 18 100
75 180 238 403 479 763 944 1750 2020 3110 3506 6530 7320 12 800 14 800
80 174 230 391 463 740 915 1690 1960 3020 3400 6320 7090 12 400 14 300
100 154 205 350 415 665 820 1510 1740 2710 3057 5650 6350 11 100 12 800
150 124 166 287 339 548 672 1230 1420 2220 2521 4600 5200 9130 10 500
200 107 143 249 294 478 584 1060 1220 1930 2199 3980 4510 7930 9090
250 95 128 223 263 430 524 945 1090 1730 1977 3550 4040 7110 8140
300 86 116 204 240 394 479 860 995 1590 1813 3240 3690 6500 7430
400 74 100 177 208 343 416 742 858 1380 1581 2800 3210 5650 6440
500 66 89 159 186 309 373 662 766 1040 1422 2500 2870 5060 5760
For SI units: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa
Notes:
1
Table does not include effect of pressure drop across the line regulator. Where regulator loss exceeds 1 psi (7 kPa), DO NOT USE THIS TABLE. Consult with
regulator manufacturer for pressure drops and capacity factors. Pressure drops across regulator are capable of varying with the flow rate.
2
CAUTION: Capacities shown in table are capable of exceeding the maximum capacity of selected regulator. Consult tubing manufacturer for guidance.
3
Table includes losses for four 90 degree (1.57 rad) bends and two end fittings. Tubing runs with larger numbers of bends, fittings, or both shall be increased by
an equivalent length of tubing to the following equation: L = 1.3 n, where L is additional length (feet) of tubing and n is the number of additional fittings, bends,
or both.
4
Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
5
EHD = Equivalent Hydraulic Diameter, which is a measure of the relative hydraulic efficiency between different tubing sizes. The greater the value of EHD,
the greater the gas capacity of the tubing.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 249

FUEL GAS PIPING

TABLE 1215.2(19)
POLYETHYLENE PLASTIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2.1(t)]*
GAS: NATURAL
INLET PRESSURE: LESS THAN 2 psi
PRESSURE DROP: 0.3 in. w.c.
SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 0.60
PIPE SIZE (inch)
NOMINAL OD: ⁄
12 ⁄
34 1 1 1⁄4 1 1⁄2 2 3 4
DESIGNATION: SDR 9.3 SDR 11 SDR 11 SDR 10 SDR 11 SDR 11 SDR 11 SDR 11
ACTUAL ID: 0.660 0.860 1.077 1.328 1.554 1.943 2.864 3.682
LENGTH (feet) CAPACITY IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR
10 153 305 551 955 1440 2590 7170 13 900
20 105 210 379 656 991 1780 4920 9520
30 84 169 304 527 796 1430 3950 7640
40 72 144 260 451 681 1220 3380 6540
50 64 128 231 400 604 1080 3000 5800
60 58 116 209 362 547 983 2720 5250
70 53 107 192 333 503 904 2500 4830
80 50 99 179 310 468 841 2330 4500
90 46 93 168 291 439 789 2180 4220
100 44 88 159 275 415 745 2060 3990
125 39 78 141 243 368 661 1830 3530
150 35 71 127 221 333 598 1660 3200
175 32 65 117 203 306 551 1520 2940
200 30 60 109 189 285 512 1420 2740
250 27 54 97 167 253 454 1260 2430
300 24 48 88 152 229 411 1140 2200
350 22 45 81 139 211 378 1050 2020
400 21 42 75 130 196 352 974 1880
450 19 39 70 122 184 330 914 1770
500 18 37 66 115 174 312 863 1670
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.

250 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

FUEL GAS PIPING

TABLE 1215.2(20)
POLYETHYLENE PLASTIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2.1(u)]*
GAS: NATURAL
INLET PRESSURE: LESS THAN 2 psi
PRESSURE DROP: 0.5 in. w.c.
SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 0.60
PIPE SIZE (inch)
NOMINAL OD: ⁄
12 ⁄
34 1 1 1 ⁄4 1 1⁄2 2 3 4
DESIGNATION: SDR 9.3 SDR 11 SDR 11 SDR 10 SDR 11 SDR 11 SDR 11 SDR 11
ACTUAL ID: 0.660 0.860 1.077 1.328 1.554 1.943 2.864 3.682
LENGTH (feet) CAPACITY IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR
10 201 403 726 1260 1900 3410 9450 18 260
20 138 277 499 865 1310 2350 6490 12 550
30 111 222 401 695 1050 1880 5210 10 080
40 95 190 343 594 898 1610 4460 8630
50 84 169 304 527 796 1430 3950 7640
60 76 153 276 477 721 1300 3580 6930
70 70 140 254 439 663 1190 3300 6370
80 65 131 236 409 617 1110 3070 5930
90 61 123 221 383 579 1040 2880 5560
100 58 116 209 362 547 983 2720 5250
125 51 103 185 321 485 871 2410 4660
150 46 93 168 291 439 789 2180 4220
175 43 86 154 268 404 726 2010 3880
200 40 80 144 249 376 675 1870 3610
250 35 71 127 221 333 598 1660 3200
300 32 64 115 200 302 542 1500 2900
350 29 59 106 184 278 499 1380 2670
400 27 55 99 171 258 464 1280 2480
450 26 51 93 160 242 435 1200 2330
500 24 48 88 152 229 411 1140 2200
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 251

FUEL GAS PIPING

TABLE 1215.2(21)
POLYETHYLENE PLASTIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2.1(v)]*
GAS: NATURAL
INLET PRESSURE: 2.0 psi
PRESSURE DROP: 1.0 psi
SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 0.60
PIPE SIZE (inch)
NOMINAL OD: ⁄
12 ⁄
34 1 1 1⁄4 1 1⁄2 2 3 4
DESIGNATION: SDR 9.3 SDR 11 SDR 11 SDR 10 SDR 11 SDR 11 SDR 11 SDR 11
ACTUAL ID: 0.660 0.860 1.077 1.328 1.554 1.943 2.864 3.682
LENGTH (feet) CAPACITY IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR
10 1860 3720 6710 11 600 17 600 31 600 87 300 169 000
20 1280 2560 4610 7990 12 100 21 700 60 000 116 000
30 1030 2050 3710 6420 9690 17 400 48 200 93 200
40 878 1760 3170 5490 8300 14 900 41 200 79 700
50 778 1560 2810 4870 7350 13 200 36 600 70 700
60 705 1410 2550 4410 6660 12 000 33 100 64 000
70 649 1300 2340 4060 6130 11 000 30 500 58 900
80 603 1210 2180 3780 5700 10 200 28 300 54 800
90 566 1130 2050 3540 5350 9610 26 600 51 400
100 535 1070 1930 3350 5050 9080 25 100 48 600
125 474 949 1710 2970 4480 8050 22 300 43 000
150 429 860 1550 2690 4060 7290 20 200 39 000
175 395 791 1430 2470 3730 6710 18 600 35 900
200 368 736 1330 2300 3470 6240 17 300 33 400
250 326 652 1180 2040 3080 5530 15 300 29 600
300 295 591 1070 1850 2790 5010 13 900 26 800
350 272 544 981 1700 2570 4610 12 800 24 700
400 253 506 913 1580 2390 4290 11 900 22 900
450 237 475 856 1480 2240 4020 11 100 21 500
500 224 448 809 1400 2120 3800 10 500 20 300
550 213 426 768 1330 2010 3610 9990 19 300
600 203 406 733 1270 1920 3440 9530 18 400
650 194 389 702 1220 1840 3300 9130 17 600
700 187 374 674 1170 1760 3170 8770 16 900
750 180 360 649 1130 1700 3050 8450 16 300
800 174 348 627 1090 1640 2950 8160 15 800
850 168 336 607 1050 1590 2850 7890 15 300
900 163 326 588 1020 1540 2770 7650 14 800
950 158 317 572 990 1500 2690 7430 14 400
1000 154 308 556 963 1450 2610 7230 14 000
1100 146 293 528 915 1380 2480 6870 13 300
1200 139 279 504 873 1320 2370 6550 12 700
1300 134 267 482 836 1260 2270 6270 12 100
1400 128 257 463 803 1210 2180 6030 11 600
1500 124 247 446 773 1170 2100 5810 11 200
1600 119 239 431 747 1130 2030 5610 10 800
1700 115 231 417 723 1090 1960 5430 10 500
1800 112 224 404 701 1060 1900 5260 10 200
1900 109 218 393 680 1030 1850 5110 9900
2000 106 212 382 662 1000 1800 4970 9600
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.

252 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

FUEL GAS PIPING

TABLE 1215.2(22) TABLE 1215.2(23)

POLYETHYLENE PLASTIC TUBING [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2.1(w)]2, 3 POLYETHYLENE PLASTIC TUBING [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2.1(x)]2, 3
GAS: NATURAL GAS: NATURAL
INLET PRESSURE: LESS THAN 2.0 psi INLET PRESSURE: LESS THAN 2.0 psi
PRESSURE DROP: 0.3 in. w.c. PRESSURE DROP: 0.5 in. w.c.
SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 0.60 SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 0.60
PLASTIC TUBING SIZE (CTS)1 (inch) PLASTIC TUBING SIZE (CTS)1 (inch)
1 1
NOMINAL OD: ⁄2 1 NOMINAL OD: ⁄2 1
DESIGNATION: SDR 7 SDR 11 DESIGNATION: SDR 7 SDR 11
ACTUAL ID: 0.445 0.927 ACTUAL ID: 0.445 0.927
LENGTH (feet) CAPACITY IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR LENGTH (feet) CAPACITY IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR
10 54 372 10 72 490
20 37 256 20 49 337
30 30 205 30 39 271
40 26 176 40 34 232
50 23 156 50 30 205
60 21 141 60 27 186
70 19 130 70 25 171
80 18 121 80 23 159
90 17 113 90 22 149
100 16 107 100 21 141
125 14 95 125 18 125
150 13 86 150 17 113
175 12 79 175 15 104
200 11 74 200 14 97
225 10 69 225 13 91
250 NA 65 250 12 86
275 NA 62 275 11 82
300 NA 59 300 11 78
350 NA 54 350 10 72
400 NA 51 400 NA 67
450 NA 47 450 NA 63
500 NA 45 500 NA 59
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour =
0.0283m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa, 1 inch water column 0.0283m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa, 1 inch water column
= 0.249 kPa = 0.249 kPa
Notes: Notes:
1 1
CTS = Copper tube size. CTS = Copper tube size.
2 2
Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits. Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
3
NA means a flow of less than 10 ft3/h (0.283 m3/h). 3
NA means a flow of less than 10 ft3/h (0.283 m3/h).

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 253

FUEL GAS PIPING

TABLE 1215.2(24)
SCHEDULE 40 METALLIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3.1(a)]*
GAS: UNDILUTED PROPANE
INLET PRESSURE: 10.0 psi
PRESSURE DROP: 1.0 psi
SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 1.50
INTENDED USE: PIPE SIZING BETWEEN FIRST STAGE (HIGH PRESSURE) REGULATOR AND SECOND STAGE (LOW PRESSURE) REGULATOR
PIPE SIZE (inch)
NOMINAL 1 3 1
⁄2 ⁄4 1 1 ⁄4 11⁄2 2 21⁄2 3 4
INSIDE:
ACTUAL: 0.622 0.824 1.049 1.380 1.610 2.067 2.469 3.068 4.026
LENGTH
CAPACITY IN THOUSANDS OF BTU PER HOUR
(feet)
10 3320 6950 13 100 26 900 40 300 77 600 124 000 219 000 446 000
20 2280 4780 9000 18 500 27 700 53 300 85 000 150 000 306 000
30 1830 3840 7220 14 800 22 200 42 800 68 200 121 000 246 000
40 1570 3280 6180 12 700 19 000 36 600 58 400 103 000 211 000
50 1390 2910 5480 11 300 16 900 32 500 51 700 91 500 187 000
60 1260 2640 4970 10 200 15 300 29 400 46 900 82 900 169 000
70 1160 2430 4570 9380 14 100 27 100 43 100 76 300 156 000
80 1080 2260 4250 8730 13 100 25 200 40 100 70 900 145 000
90 1010 2120 3990 8190 12 300 23 600 37 700 66 600 136 000
100 956 2000 3770 7730 11 600 22 300 35 600 62 900 128 000
125 848 1770 3340 6850 10 300 19 800 31 500 55 700 114 000
150 768 1610 3020 6210 9300 17 900 28 600 50 500 103 000
175 706 1480 2780 5710 8560 16 500 26 300 46 500 94 700
200 657 1370 2590 5320 7960 15 300 24 400 43 200 88 100
250 582 1220 2290 4710 7060 13 600 21 700 38 300 78 100
300 528 1100 2080 4270 6400 12 300 19 600 34 700 70 800
350 486 1020 1910 3930 5880 11 300 18 100 31 900 65 100
400 452 945 1780 3650 5470 10 500 16 800 29 700 60 600
450 424 886 1670 3430 5140 9890 15 800 27 900 56 800
500 400 837 1580 3240 4850 9340 14 900 26 300 53 700
550 380 795 1500 3070 4610 8870 14 100 25 000 51 000
600 363 759 1430 2930 4400 8460 13 500 23 900 48 600
650 347 726 1370 2810 4210 8110 12 900 22 800 46 600
700 334 698 1310 2700 4040 7790 12 400 21 900 44 800
750 321 672 1270 2600 3900 7500 12 000 21 100 43 100
800 310 649 1220 2510 3760 7240 11 500 20 400 41 600
850 300 628 1180 2430 3640 7010 11 200 19 800 40 300
900 291 609 1150 2360 3530 6800 10 800 19 200 39 100
950 283 592 1110 2290 3430 6600 10 500 18 600 37 900
1000 275 575 1080 2230 3330 6420 10 200 18 100 36 900
1100 261 546 1030 2110 3170 6100 9720 17 200 35 000
1200 249 521 982 2020 3020 5820 9270 16 400 33 400
1300 239 499 940 1930 2890 5570 8880 15 700 32 000
1400 229 480 903 1850 2780 5350 8530 15 100 30 800
1500 221 462 870 1790 2680 5160 8220 14 500 29 600
1600 213 446 840 1730 2590 4980 7940 14 000 28 600
1700 206 432 813 1670 2500 4820 7680 13 600 27 700
1800 200 419 789 1620 2430 4670 7450 13 200 26 900
1900 194 407 766 1570 2360 4540 7230 12 800 26 100
2000 189 395 745 1530 2290 4410 7030 12 400 25 400
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.

254 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

FUEL GAS PIPING

TABLE 1215.2(25)
SCHEDULE 40 METALLIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3.1(b)]*
GAS: UNDILUTED PROPANE
INLET PRESSURE: 10.0 psi
PRESSURE DROP: 3.0 psi
SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 1.50
INTENDED USE: PIPE SIZING BETWEEN FIRST STAGE (HIGH PRESSURE) REGULATOR AND SECOND STAGE (LOW PRESSURE) REGULATOR
PIPE SIZE (inch)
NOMINAL 1 3
⁄2 ⁄4 1 11⁄4 11⁄2 2 21⁄2 3 4
INSIDE:
ACTUAL: 0.622 0.824 1.049 1.380 1.610 2.067 2.469 3.068 4.026
LENGTH
CAPACITY IN THOUSANDS OF BTU PER HOUR
(feet)
10 5890 12 300 23 200 47 600 71 300 137 000 219 000 387 000 789 000
20 4050 8460 15 900 32 700 49 000 94 400 150 000 266 000 543 000
30 3250 6790 12 800 26 300 39 400 75 800 121 000 214 000 436 000
40 2780 5810 11 000 22 500 33 700 64 900 103 000 183 000 373 000
50 2460 5150 9710 19 900 29 900 57 500 91 600 162 000 330 000
60 2230 4670 8790 18 100 27 100 52 100 83 000 147 000 299 000
70 2050 4300 8090 16 600 24 900 47 900 76 400 135 000 275 000
80 1910 4000 7530 15 500 23 200 44 600 71 100 126 000 256 000
90 1790 3750 7060 14 500 21 700 41 800 66 700 118 000 240 000
100 1690 3540 6670 13 700 20 500 39 500 63 000 111 000 227 000
125 1500 3140 5910 12 100 18 200 35 000 55 800 98 700 201 000
150 1360 2840 5360 11 000 16 500 31 700 50 600 89 400 182 000
175 1250 2620 4930 10 100 15 200 29 200 46 500 82 300 167 800
200 1160 2430 4580 9410 14 100 27 200 43 300 76 500 156 100
250 1030 2160 4060 8340 12 500 24 100 38 400 67 800 138 400
300 935 1950 3680 7560 11 300 21 800 34 800 61 500 125 400
350 860 1800 3390 6950 10 400 20 100 32 000 56 500 115 300
400 800 1670 3150 6470 9690 18 700 29 800 52 600 107 300
450 751 1570 2960 6070 9090 17 500 27 900 49 400 100 700
500 709 1480 2790 5730 8590 16 500 26 400 46 600 95 100
550 673 1410 2650 5450 8160 15 700 25 000 44 300 90 300
600 642 1340 2530 5200 7780 15 000 23 900 42 200 86 200
650 615 1290 2420 4980 7450 14 400 22 900 40 500 82 500
700 591 1240 2330 4780 7160 13 800 22 000 38 900 79 300
750 569 1190 2240 4600 6900 13 300 21 200 37 400 76 400
800 550 1150 2170 4450 6660 12 800 20 500 36 200 73 700
850 532 1110 2100 4300 6450 12 400 19 800 35 000 71 400
900 516 1080 2030 4170 6250 12 000 19 200 33 900 69 200
950 501 1050 1970 4050 6070 11 700 18 600 32 900 67 200
1000 487 1020 1920 3940 5900 11 400 18 100 32 000 65 400
1100 463 968 1820 3740 5610 10 800 17 200 30 400 62 100
1200 442 923 1740 3570 5350 10 300 16 400 29 000 59 200
1300 423 884 1670 3420 5120 9870 15 700 27 800 56 700
1400 406 849 1600 3280 4920 9480 15 100 26 700 54 500
1500 391 818 1540 3160 4740 9130 14 600 25 700 52 500
1600 378 790 1490 3060 4580 8820 14 100 24 800 50 700
1700 366 765 1440 2960 4430 8530 13 600 24 000 49 000
1800 355 741 1400 2870 4300 8270 13 200 23 300 47 600
1900 344 720 1360 2780 4170 8040 12 800 22 600 46 200
2000 335 700 1320 2710 4060 7820 12 500 22 000 44 900
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 255

FUEL GAS PIPING

FUEL GAS PIPING

TABLE 1215.2(32)
CORRUGATED STAINLESS STEEL TUBING (CSST) [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3.1(i)]1, 2, 3, 4
GAS: UNDILUTED PROPANE
INLET PRESSURE: 2.0 psi
PRESSURE DROP: 1.0 psi
SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 1.50
INTENDED USE: CSST SIZING BETWEEN 2 PSIG SERVICE AND LINE PRESSURE REGULATOR
TUBE SIZE (EHD)5
FLOW DESIGNATION: 13 15 18 19 23 25 30 31 37 39 46 48 60 62
LENGTH (feet) CAPACITY IN THOUSANDS OF BTU PER HOUR

10 426 558 927 1110 1740 2170 4100 4720 7130 7958 15 200 16 800 29 400 34 200
25 262 347 591 701 1120 1380 2560 2950 4560 5147 9550 10 700 18 800 21 700
30 238 316 540 640 1030 1270 2330 2690 4180 4719 8710 9790 17 200 19 800
40 203 271 469 554 896 1100 2010 2320 3630 4116 7530 8500 14 900 17 200
50 181 243 420 496 806 986 1790 2070 3260 3702 6730 7610 13 400 15 400
75 147 196 344 406 663 809 1460 1690 2680 3053 5480 6230 11 000 12 600
80 140 189 333 393 643 768 1410 1630 2590 2961 5300 6040 10 600 12 200
100 124 169 298 350 578 703 1260 1450 2330 2662 4740 5410 9530 10 900
150 101 137 245 287 477 575 1020 1180 1910 2195 3860 4430 7810 8890
200 86 118 213 248 415 501 880 1020 1660 1915 3340 3840 6780 7710
250 77 105 191 222 373 448 785 910 1490 1722 2980 3440 6080 6900
300 69 96 173 203 343 411 716 829 1360 1578 2720 3150 5560 6300
400 60 82 151 175 298 355 616 716 1160 1376 2350 2730 4830 5460
500 53 72 135 158 268 319 550 638 1030 1237 2100 2450 4330 4880
For SI units: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa
Notes:
1
Table does not include effect of pressure drop across the line regulator. Where regulator loss exceeds 0.5 psi (3.4 kPa) [based on 13 inch water column (3.2
kPa) outlet pressure], DO NOT USE THIS TABLE. Consult with regulator manufacturer for pressure drops and capacity factors. Pressure drops across a reg-
ulator are capable of varying with flow rate.
2
CAUTION: Capacities shown in table are capable of exceeding the maximum capacity for a selected regulator. Consult with regulator or tubing manufacturer
for guidance.
3
Table includes losses for four 90 degree (1.57 rad) bends and two end fittings. Tubing runs with larger numbers of bends, fittings, or both shall be increased by
an equivalent length of tubing to the following equation: L = 1.3 n, where L is additional length (ft) of tubing and n is the number of additional fittings, bends,
or both.
4
Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
5
EHD = Equivalent Hydraulic Diameter, which is a measure of the relative hydraulic efficiency between different tubing sizes. The greater the value of EHD,
the greater the gas capacity of the tubing.

262 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

FUEL GAS PIPING

TABLE 1215.2(33)
CORRUGATED STAINLESS STEEL TUBING (CSST) [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3.1(j)]1, 2, 3, 4
GAS: UNDILUTED PROPANE
INLET PRESSURE: 5.0 psi
PRESSURE DROP: 3.5 psi
SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 1.50
TUBE SIZE (EHD)5
FLOW DESIGNATION: 13 15 18 19 23 25 30 31 37 39 46 48 60 62
LENGTH (feet) CAPACITY IN THOUSANDS OF BTU PER HOUR
10 826 1070 1710 2060 3150 4000 7830 8950 13 100 14 441 28 600 31 200 54 400 63 800
25 509 664 1090 1310 2040 2550 4860 5600 8400 9339 18 000 19 900 34 700 40 400
30 461 603 999 1190 1870 2340 4430 5100 7680 8564 16 400 18 200 31 700 36 900
40 396 520 867 1030 1630 2030 3820 4400 6680 7469 14 200 15 800 27 600 32 000
50 352 463 777 926 1460 1820 3410 3930 5990 6717 12 700 14 100 24 700 28 600
75 284 376 637 757 1210 1490 2770 3190 4920 5539 10 300 11 600 20 300 23 400
80 275 363 618 731 1170 1450 2680 3090 4770 5372 9990 11 200 19 600 22 700
100 243 324 553 656 1050 1300 2390 2760 4280 4830 8930 10 000 17 600 20 300
150 196 262 453 535 866 1060 1940 2240 3510 3983 7270 8210 14 400 16 600
200 169 226 393 464 755 923 1680 1930 3050 3474 6290 7130 12 500 14 400
250 150 202 352 415 679 828 1490 1730 2740 3124 5620 6390 11 200 12 900
300 136 183 322 379 622 757 1360 1570 2510 2865 5120 5840 10 300 11 700
400 117 158 279 328 542 657 1170 1360 2180 2498 4430 5070 8920 10 200
500 104 140 251 294 488 589 1050 1210 1950 2247 3960 4540 8000 9110
For SI units: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa
Notes:
1
Table does not include effect of pressure drop across the line regulator. Where regulator loss exceeds 0.5 psi (3.4 kPa) [based on 13 inch water column (3.2
kPa) outlet pressure], DO NOT USE THIS TABLE. Consult with regulator manufacturer for pressure drops and capacity factors. Pressure drops across a reg-
ulator are capable of varying with flow rate.
2
CAUTION: Capacities shown in table are capable of exceeding the maximum capacity for a selected regulator. Consult with regulator or tubing manufacturer
for guidance.
3
Table includes losses for four 90 degree (1.57 rad) bends and two end fittings. Tubing runs with larger numbers of bends, fittings, or both shall be increased
by an equivalent length of tubing to the following equation: L = 1.3 n, where L is additional length (ft) of tubing and n is the number of additional fittings, bends,
or both.
4
Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
5
EHD = Equivalent Hydraulic Diameter, which is a measure of the relative hydraulic efficiency between different tubing sizes. The greater the value of EHD,
the greater the gas capacity of the tubing.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 263

FUEL GAS PIPING

TABLE 1215.2(34)
POLYETHYLENE PLASTIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3.1(k)]*
GAS: UNDILUTED PROPANE
INLET PRESSURE: 11.0 in. w.c.
PRESSURE DROP: 0.5 in. w.c.
SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 1.50
INTENDED USE: PE PIPE SIZING BETWEEN INTEGRAL SECOND-STAGE REGULATOR AT TANK OR SECOND-STAGE
(LOW PRESSURE) REGULATOR AND BUILDING
PIPE SIZE (inch)
1 3
NOMINAL OD: ⁄2 ⁄4 1 11⁄4 11⁄2 2 3 4
DESIGNATION: SDR 9.3 SDR 11 SDR 11 SDR 10 SDR 11 SDR 11 SDR 11 SDR 11
ACTUAL ID: 0.660 0.860 1.077 1.328 1.554 1.943 2.864 3.682
LENGTH (feet) CAPACITY IN THOUSANDS OF BTU PER HOUR
10 340 680 1230 2130 3210 5770 16 000 30 900
20 233 468 844 1460 2210 3970 11 000 21 200
30 187 375 677 1170 1770 3180 8810 17 000
40 160 321 580 1000 1520 2730 7540 14 600
50 142 285 514 890 1340 2420 6680 12 900
60 129 258 466 807 1220 2190 6050 11 700
70 119 237 428 742 1120 2010 5570 10 800
80 110 221 398 690 1040 1870 5180 10 000
90 103 207 374 648 978 1760 4860 9400
100 98 196 353 612 924 1660 4590 8900
125 87 173 313 542 819 1470 4070 7900
150 78 157 284 491 742 1330 3690 7130
175 72 145 261 452 683 1230 3390 6560
200 67 135 243 420 635 1140 3160 6100
250 60 119 215 373 563 1010 2800 5410
300 54 108 195 338 510 916 2530 4900
350 50 99 179 311 469 843 2330 4510
400 46 92 167 289 436 784 2170 4190
450 43 87 157 271 409 736 2040 3930
500 41 82 148 256 387 695 1920 3720
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.

264 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

FUEL GAS PIPING

TABLE 1215.2(35)
POLYETHYLENE PLASTIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3.1(l)]*
GAS: UNDILUTED PROPANE
INLET PRESSURE: 2.0 psi
PRESSURE DROP: 1.0 psi
SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 1.50
INTENDED USE: PE PIPE SIZING BETWEEN 2 PSI SERVICE REGULATOR AND LINE PRESSURE REGULATOR
PIPE SIZE (inch)
NOMINAL OD: ⁄
12 ⁄
34 1 11⁄4 11⁄2 2 3 4
DESIGNATION: SDR 9.3 SDR 11 SDR 11 SDR 10 SDR 11 SDR 11 SDR 11 SDR 11
ACTUAL ID: 0.660 0.860 1.077 1.328 1.554 1.943 2.864 3.682
LENGTH (feet) CAPACITY IN THOUSANDS OF BTU PER HOUR
10 3130 6260 11 300 19 600 29 500 53 100 147 000 284 000
20 2150 4300 7760 13 400 20 300 36 500 101 000 195 000
30 1730 3450 6230 10 800 16 300 29 300 81 100 157 000
40 1480 2960 5330 9240 14 000 25 100 69 400 134 100
50 1310 2620 4730 8190 12 400 22 200 61 500 119 000
60 1190 2370 4280 7420 11 200 20 100 55 700 108 000
70 1090 2180 3940 6830 10 300 18 500 51 300 99 100
80 1010 2030 3670 6350 9590 17 200 47 700 92 200
90 952 1910 3440 5960 9000 16 200 44 700 86 500
100 899 1800 3250 5630 8500 15 300 42 300 81 700
125 797 1600 2880 4990 7530 13 500 37 500 72 400
150 722 1450 2610 4520 6830 12 300 33 900 65 600
175 664 1330 2400 4160 6280 11 300 31 200 60 300
200 618 1240 2230 3870 5840 10 500 29 000 56 100
250 548 1100 1980 3430 5180 9300 25 700 49 800
300 496 994 1790 3110 4690 8430 23 300 45 100
350 457 914 1650 2860 4320 7760 21 500 41 500
400 425 851 1530 2660 4020 7220 12 000 38 600
450 399 798 1440 2500 3770 6770 18 700 36 200
500 377 754 1360 2360 3560 6390 17 700 34 200
550 358 716 1290 2240 3380 6070 16 800 32 500
600 341 683 1230 2140 3220 5790 16 000 31 000
650 327 654 1180 2040 3090 5550 15 400 29 700
700 314 628 1130 1960 2970 5330 14 700 28 500
750 302 605 1090 1890 2860 5140 14 200 27 500
800 292 585 1050 1830 2760 4960 13 700 26 500
850 283 566 1020 1770 2670 4800 13 300 25 700
900 274 549 990 1710 2590 4650 12 900 24 900
950 266 533 961 1670 2520 4520 12 500 24 200
1000 259 518 935 1620 2450 4400 12 200 23 500
1100 246 492 888 1540 2320 4170 11 500 22 300
1200 234 470 847 1470 2220 3980 11 000 21 300
1300 225 450 811 1410 2120 3810 10 600 20 400
1400 216 432 779 1350 2040 3660 10 100 19 600
1500 208 416 751 1300 1960 3530 9760 18 900
1600 201 402 725 1260 1900 3410 9430 18 200
1700 194 389 702 1220 1840 3300 9130 17 600
1800 188 377 680 1180 1780 3200 8850 17 100
1900 183 366 661 1140 1730 3110 8590 16 600
2000 178 356 643 1110 1680 3020 8360 16 200
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 265

FUEL GAS PIPING

TABLE 1215.2(36)
POLYETHYLENE PLASTIC TUBING [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3.1(m)]2
GAS: UNDILUTED PROPANE
INLET PRESSURE: 11.0 in. w.c.
PRESSURE DROP: 0.5 in. w.c.
SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 1.50
INTENDED USE: SIZING BETWEEN INTEGRAL
2-STAGE REGULATOR AT TANK OR SECOND-STAGE
(LOW-PRESSURE REGULATOR) AND THE BUILDING
PLASTIC TUBING SIZE (CTS)1 (inch)
1
NOMINAL OD: ⁄2 1
DESIGNATION: SDR 7 SDR 11
ACTUAL ID: 0.445 0.927
LENGTH (feet) CAPACITY IN THOUSANDS OF BTU PER HOUR
10 121 828
20 83 569
30 67 457
40 57 391
50 51 347
60 46 314
70 42 289
80 39 269
90 37 252
100 35 238
125 31 211
150 28 191
175 26 176
200 24 164
225 22 154
250 21 145
275 20 138
300 19 132
350 18 121
400 16 113
450 15 106
500 15 100
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per
hour = 0.293 kW, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
Notes:
1
CTS = Copper tube size.
2
Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.

266 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
CHAPTER 13 - HEALTH CARE FACILITIES AND MEDICAL GAS AND MEDICAL VACUUM SYSTEMS
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter X

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
X X X X X X
that are listed below
Chapter/Section
1304.1.1 X X X X X X
1304.1.2 X X X X X X
This state agency does not adopt sections identified with the following symbol: †
The Office of the State Fire Marshal’s adoption of this chapter or individual sections is applicable to structures regulated by other state agencies pursuant to
Section 1.11.0.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 267

268 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
CHAPTER 13
HEALTH CARE FACILITIES AND MEDICAL GAS AND MEDICAL VACUUM SYSTEMS

Part I – General Requirements. 1302.0 Design Requirements.

1302.1 Risk Categories. Activities, systems, or equipment
1301.0 General Requirements. shall be designed to meet Category 1 through Category 4
1301.1 Applicability. This chapter applies to the special fix- requirements, as detailed in this chapter. [NFPA 99:4.1]
tures and systems in health care facilities; the special plumb- 1302.1.1 Processes and Operations. The health
ing requirements for such facilities; and the installation, care facility’s governing body shall establish the
testing, and verification of Categories 1, 2, and 3 medical gas processes and operations that are planned for the health
and medical vacuum piping systems, except as otherwise care facility. [NFPA 99:4.2.1]
indicated in this chapter, from the central supply system to 1302.1.1.1 Risk Categories. The governing body
the station outlets or inlets in hospitals, clinics, and other shall conduct risk assessments and shall determine
health care facilities. Other plumbing in such facilities shall risk categories based on the character of the
comply with other applicable sections of this code. For Cat- processes and operations conducted in the health
egory 3 medical gas systems, only oxygen and nitrous oxide care facility. [NFPA 99:4.2.1.1]
shall be used.
1301.2 Where Not Applicable. This chapter does not apply
1302.1.2 Risk Assessment. Risk categories shall be
classified by the health care facility’s governing body by
«
to the following except as otherwise addressed in this chapter:
following and documenting a defined risk assessment
(1) Cylinder and container management, storage, and reserve procedure. [NFPA 99:4.2.2]
requirements
1302.1.2.1 Documents to the Authority Hav-
(2) Bulk supply systems ing Jurisdiction. Where required by the Author-
(3) Electrical connections and requirements ity Having Jurisdiction (AHJ), the risk assessment
(4) Motor requirements and controls shall be provided to the AHJ for review based on the
(5) Systems having nonstandard operating pressures character of the processes and operations conducted
in the health care facility. [NFPA 99:4.2.2.1]
(6) Waste anesthetic gas disposal (WAGD) systems
(7) Surface-mounted medical gas rail systems
1302.1.3 Documented Risk Assessment. A docu-
mented risk assessment shall not be required where Cat-
«
(8) Breathing air replenishment (BAR) systems egory 1 is selected. [NFPA 99:4.2.3]
(9) Portable compressed gas systems 1302.2 Patient Care Spaces. The health care facility’s
(10) Medical support gas systems governing body or its designee shall establish the following
(11) Gas-powered device supply systems areas in accordance with the type of patient care anticipated
(12) Scavenging systems (see definition of patient care space in Chapter 2):
1301.3 Conflict of Requirements. The requirements of (1) Category 1 spaces
this chapter shall not be interpreted to conflict with the (2) Category 2 spaces
requirements of NFPA 99. For requirements of portions of (3) Category 3 spaces
medical gas and vacuum systems not addressed in this chap-
ter or medical gas and vacuum systems beyond the scope of (4) Category 4 spaces [NFPA 99:1.3.4.1]
this chapter refer to NFPA 99. 1302.3 Anesthesia. It shall be the responsibility of the
» 1301.4 Where Required. Construction and equipment
requirements shall be applied only to new construction and
health care facility’s governing body to designate anesthetiz-
ing locations. [NFPA 99:1.3.4.2]
new equipment, except as modified in individual sections of 1302.4 Wet Procedure Locations. It shall be the respon-
this chapter. [NFPA 99:1.3.2] sibility of the health care facility’s governing body to desig-
» 1301.5 Existing Systems. Only the altered, renovated, or
modernized portion of an existing system or individual com-
nate wet procedure locations. [NFPA 99:1.3.4.3]

ponent shall be required to meet the installation and equip- 1303.0 Health Care Facilities.
ment requirements stated in this code. If the alteration,
renovation, or modernization adversely impacts the existing 1303.1 Drinking Fountain Control Valves. Drinking
performance requirements of a system or component, addi- fountain control valves shall be flush-mounted or fully
tional upgrading shall be required. An existing system that is recessed where installed in corridors or other areas where
not in strict compliance with the provisions of this code shall patients are transported on a gurney, bed, or wheelchair.
be permitted to be continued in use, unless the Authority Hav- 1303.2 Psychiatric Patient Rooms. Piping and drain
ing Jurisdiction has determined that such use constitutes a dis- traps in psychiatric patient rooms shall be concealed. Fixtures
tinct hazard to life. [NFPA 99:1.3.2.1 – 1.3.2.3] and fittings shall be resistant to vandalism.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 269

HEALTH CARE FACILITIES AND MEDICAL GAS AND MEDICAL VACUUM SYSTEMS

1303.3 Locations for Ice Storage. Ice makers or ice stor- 1304.0 Medical Gas and Medical Vacuum Piping Sys-
age containers shall be located in nursing stations or similarly tems.
supervised areas to minimize potential contamination. 1304.1 General. The installation of medical gas and med-
1303.4 Sterilizers and Bedpan Steamers. Sterilizers ical vacuum piping systems shall comply with the require-
and bedpan steamers shall be installed in accordance with the ments of this chapter.
manufacturer’s installation instructions and comply with Sec- 1304.1.1 [OSHPD 1, 1R, 2, 3, 4 & 5] Medical gas sys-
tion 1303.4.1 and Section 1303.4.2. tems for health care facilities that are regulated by OSHPD
1303.4.1 Drainage Connections. Sterilizers and (hospitals, skilled nursing facilities, and intermediate care
bedpan steamers shall be connected to the sanitary facilities, licensed clinics, and correctional treatment cen-
ters) shall be in accordance with NFPA 99, Standard for
drainage system through an air gap in accordance with
Health Care Facilities. See California Fire Code Refer-
Section 801.2. The size of indirect waste piping shall be
enced Standards (Chapter 80) for applicable version of the
not less than the size of the drain connection on the fix- Standard. See California Building Code Table 1224.4.6.1
ture. Each such indirect waste pipe shall not exceed 15 for location and number of station outlets for oxygen, vac-
feet (4572 mm) in length and shall be separately piped to uum, and medical air.
a receptor. Such receptors shall be located in the same
1304.1.2 [OSHPD 1, 1R, 2, 3, 4 & 5] A medical gas
room as the equipment served. Except for bedpan steam-
source system serving an OSHPD 1, 2, 3 or 5 building
ers, such indirect waste pipes shall not require traps. A shall not be located in an OSHPD 1R or OSHPD 3 build-
trap having a seal of not less than 3 inches (76 mm) shall ing. OSHPD 1R buildings may be served by an individ-
be provided in the indirect waste pipe for a bedpan ual main supply line from other OSHPD buildings, with
steamer. a main line valve as per NFPA 99. [NFPA 99:5.1.4.2.1,
1303.4.2 Vapor Vents and Stacks. Where a steril- 5.1.4.2.2, 5.1.4.3.1, 5.1.4.3.2] Valves shall be accessible
izer or bedpan steamer has provision for a vapor vent and and clearly labeled.
such a vent is required by the manufacturer, the vent shall Exception: A medical gas source system serving only an
be extended to the outdoors above the roof. Sterilizer and OSHPD 1R or 3 building may be located within it.
bedpan steamer vapor vents shall be installed in accor-
dance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions
1304.2 Certification of Systems. Certification of med-
ical gas and vacuum systems shall comply with the require-
«
and shall not be connected to a drainage system vent. ments of Section 1306.0.
1303.5 Aspirators. Provisions for aspirators or other water-
supplied suction devices shall be installed with the specific
1304.3 Construction Documents. Before a medical gas
or medical vacuum system is installed or altered in a hospi-
«
approval of the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Where aspi- tal, medical facility, or clinic, duplicate construction docu-
rators are used for removing body fluids, they shall include a ments shall be filed with the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
collection container to collect liquids and solid particles. Approval of the plans shall be obtained before issuance of a
Aspirators shall indirectly discharge to the sanitary drainage permit by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
system through an air gap in accordance with Section 806.1.
The potable water supply to an aspirator shall be protected
1304.3.1 Requirements. Construction documents
shall show the following:
«
by a vacuum breaker or equivalent backflow protection (1) Plot plan of the site, drawn to scale, indicating the
device in accordance with Section 603.5.9. location of existing or new cylinder storage areas,
1303.6 Drains. Drains shall be installed on dryers, after- property lines, driveways, and existing or proposed
coolers, separators, and receivers. buildings.
1303.7 Clinical Sinks. Clinical sinks shall be installed in (2) Piping layout of the proposed piping system or alter-
accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions ation, including alarms, valves, the origin of gases,
and shall comply with Section 1303.7.1. user outlets, and user inlets. The demand and loading
of piping, existing or future, shall also be indicated.
1303.7.1 Drainage Connection. Clinical sinks shall
be directly connected to the sanitary drainage system and (3) Complete specification of materials.
shall be provided with approved flushing devices 1304.4 Extent of Work. Construction documents submitted
to the Authority Having Jurisdiction shall clearly indicate the
«
installed in accordance with Section 413.1.
nature and extent of the work proposed and shall show in
1303.8 Water Supply for Hospitals. Hospitals shall be detail that such work will be in accordance with the provi-
provided with not less than two approved potable water sions of this chapter.
sources that are installed in such a manner as to prevent the
interruption of water service. 1304.5 Record. A record of as-built plans and valve iden-
tification records shall remain on the site.
«
1303.9 Work Performed in Occupied Healthcare
Facilities. In existing, occupied, inpatient healthcare facili-
ties, all plumbing systems installation and remodel work shall 1305.0 System Performance.
be performed by personnel certified in accordance with 1305.1 Required Operating Pressures. Medical gas and
ASSE/IAPMO 12010, ASSE/IAPMO 12030 and vacuum systems shall be capable of delivering service in the
ASSE/IAPMO 12040. pressure ranges listed in Table 1305.1.

270 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

HEALTH CARE FACILITIES AND MEDICAL GAS AND MEDICAL VACUUM SYSTEMS

TABLE 1305.1
STANDARD DESIGNATION COLORS AND OPERATING PRESSURES FOR GAS AND VACUUM SYSTEMS
[NFPA 99: TABLE 5.1.11]
ABBREVIATED COLORS STANDARD GAUGE
GAS SERVICE
NAME (BACKGROUND/ TEXT) PRESSURE

Medical air Med Air Yellow/black 50–55 psi

Carbon dioxide CO2 Gray/black or gray/white 50–55 psi
Helium He Brown/white 50–55 psi
Nitrogen N2 Black/white 160–185 psi
Nitrous oxide N 2O Blue/white 50–55 psi
Oxygen O2 Green/white or white/green 50–55 psi
Oxygen/carbon dioxide mixtures O2/CO2 n% (n = % of CO2) Green/white 50–55 psi
Medical–surgical vacuum Med Vac White/black 15 inch to 30 inch HgV
Waste anesthetic gas disposal WAGD Violet/white Varies with system type
Colors as above; major gas for back-
Other mixtures Gas A% / Gas B% None
ground/minor gas for text
Nonmedical air (Category 3
–– Yellow-and-white diagonal stripe/black None
gas-powered device)
Nonmedical and Category 3 vacuum –– White-and-black diagonal stripe/black boxed None
Laboratory air –– Yellow-and-white checker board/black None
Laboratory vacuum –– White-and-black checkerboard/black boxed None
Instrument air –– Red/white 160–185 psi
For SI units: 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa, 1 inch of mercury vacuum (HgV) = 3.386 kPa

1305.2 Minimum Flow Rates. Medical gas and vacuum (7) Functional testing of alarm systems, including accuracy
systems shall be capable of supplying the flow rates listed in of system components.
Table 1305.2. (8) Purge flushing of system and filling with specific source
1305.3 Minimum Station Outlets and Inlets. Station gases.
outlets and inlets for medical gas and vacuum systems shall (9) Testing for purity and cleanliness of source gases.
be provided as listed in Table 1305.3.
(10) Testing for specific gas identity at each station outlet.

» 1306.0 System Certification. 1306.3 Report Items. A report that includes the specific
items addressed in Section 1306.2, and other information
«
» 1306.1 Certification. Prior to a medical gas or vacuum sys-
tem being placed in service, such system shall be certified in
required by this chapter, shall be delivered to the Authority
Having Jurisdiction prior to acceptance of the system.

»
accordance with Section 1306.2.
1306.2 Certification Tests. Certification tests, verified and
1306.4 Components. Functioning of alarm components
shall be verified in accordance with the testing and monitor-
«
attested to by the certification agency, shall include the fol- ing requirements of the manufacturer and the Authority Hav-
lowing: ing Jurisdiction.
(1) Verifying in accordance with the installation require-
ments. Part II – Category 1 Piped Gas
(2) Testing and checking for leakage, correct zoning, and and Vacuum Systems.
identification of control valves.
(3) Checking for identification and labeling of pipelines, sta- 1307.0 Central Supply Systems. «
tion outlets, and control valves.
(4) Testing for cross-connection, flow rate, system pressure
1307.1 Terms. Where the terms medical gas or medical sup-
port gas occur, the provisions shall apply to all piped systems
«
drop, and system performance. for oxygen, nitrous oxide, medical air, carbon dioxide,
(5) Functional testing of pressure relief valves and safety helium, nitrogen, instrument air, and mixtures thereof. Wher-
valves. ever the name of a specific gas service occurs, the provision
(6) Functional testing of sources of supply. shall apply only to that gas. [NFPA 99:5.1.1.3]

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 271

HEALTH CARE FACILITIES AND MEDICAL GAS AND MEDICAL VACUUM SYSTEMS

TABLE 1305.3
MINIMUM OUTLETS AND INLETS PER STATION
MEDICAL MEDICAL NITROUS CARBON
LOCATION OXYGEN NITROGEN HELIUM
VACUUM AIR OXIDE DIOXIDE

Patient rooms for medical/surgical,

1/bed 1/bed 1/bed — — — —
obstetrics, and pediatrics
Examination/treatment for nursing units 1/bed 1/bed — — — — —
Intensive care (all) 3/bed 3/bed 2/bed — — — —
Nursery1 2/bed 2/bed 1/bed — — — —
General operating rooms 2/room 3/room4 2/room 1/room 1/room — —
Cystoscopic and special invasive
2/room 3/room4 2/room — — — —
procedures
Recovery delivery and 2/bed 2/bed 1/bed
— — — —
labor/delivery/recovery rooms2 2/room 3/room4 1/room
Labor rooms 1/bed 1/bed 1/bed — — — —
First aid and emergency treatment3 1/bed 1/bed4 1/bed — — — —
Autopsy — 1/station 1/station — — — —
Anesthesia workroom 1/station — 1/station — — — —
Notes:
1
Includes pediatric nursery.
2
Includes obstetric recovery.
3
Emergency trauma rooms used for surgical procedures shall be classified as general operating rooms.
4
Vacuum inlets required are in addition to inlets used as part of a scavenging system for removal of anesthetizing gases.

TABLE 1305.2 (1) Direct respiration by patients.

MINIMUM FLOW RATES
(2) Clinical application of the gas to a patient, such as the
(cubic feet per minute)
MEDICAL SYSTEM FLOW RATE
use of an insufflator to inject carbon dioxide into patient
body cavities during laparoscopic surgery and carbon
Oxygen 0.71 CFM per outlet1
dioxide used to purge heart-lung machine blood flow
Nitrous Oxide 0.71 CFM per outlet1
ways.
Medical Compressed Air 0.71 CFM per outlet1
Nitrogen 15 CFM free air per outlet (3) Medical device applications directly related to respira-
Vacuum 1 SCFM per inlet2
tion.
Carbon Dioxide 0.71 CFM per outlet1 (4) Power for medical devices used directly on patients.
Helium 0.71 CFM per outlet (5) Calibration of medical devices intended for Section
For SI units: 1 cubic foot per minute (CFM) = 0.47 L/s 1307.3(1) through Section 1307.3(4).
Notes:
1
A room designed for a permanently located respiratory ventilator or anes-
(6) Simulation centers for the education, training, and assess-
thesia machine shall have an outlet capable of a flow rate of 6.36 CFM (3.0 ment of health care professionals. [NFPA 99:5.1.3.5.2]
2
L/s) at the station outlet.
For testing and certification purposes, individual station inlets shall be
1307.4 Materials. Materials used in central supply systems
shall meet the following requirements:
«
capable of a flow rate of 3 SCFM (1.4 L/s), while maintaining a system
pressure of not less than 12 inches of mercury (41 kPa) at the nearest adja- (1) In those portions of systems intended to handle oxygen
cent vacuum inlet. at gauge pressures greater than 350 pounds-force per
square inch (psi) (2413 kPa), interconnecting hose shall
1307.2 Nature of Hazards of Gas and Vacuum Sys- contain no polymeric materials.
tems. Potential fire and explosion hazards associated with (2) In those portions of systems intended to handle oxygen
positive pressure gas central piping systems and medical–sur- or nitrous oxide material, construction shall be compati-
gical vacuum systems shall be considered in the design, ble with oxygen under the temperatures and pressures to
installation, testing, operation, and maintenance of these sys- which the components can be exposed in the containment
tems. [NFPA 99:5.1.2] and use of oxygen, nitrous oxide, mixtures of these gases,
» 1307.3 Permitted Locations for Medical Gases. Cen-
tral supply systems for oxygen, medical air, nitrous oxide,
or mixtures containing more than 23.5 percent oxygen.
(3) If potentially exposed to cryogenic temperatures, mate-
carbon dioxide, and all other patient medical gases shall be
rials shall be designed for low temperature service.
piped only to medical gas outlets complying with Section
1315.0, into areas where the gases will be used under the (4) If intended for outdoor installation, materials shall be
direction of licensed medical professionals for purposes con- installed per the manufacturer’s requirements. [NFPA
gruent with the following: 99:5.1.3.5.4]

272 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

HEALTH CARE FACILITIES AND MEDICAL GAS AND MEDICAL VACUUM SYSTEMS

» 1308.0 Pressure-Regulating Equipment. 1309.4 Compatible Materials. Materials of construction

» 1308.1 Where Required. Pressure-regulating equipment
shall be installed in the supply main upstream of the final line-
on the oxygen side of the oxygen concentrator unit shall com-
ply with Section 1307.4. [NFPA 99:5.1.3.5.11.4]
pressure valve. Where multiple piping systems for the same 1309.5 Oxygen Concentrator Components. The com-
gas at different operating pressures are required, separate ponents that make up the oxygen concentrator unit shall be as
pressure-regulating equipment, relief valves, and source shut- follows:
off valves shall be provided for each pressure. (1) The manufacturer of the concentrator unit shall be per-
» 1308.2 Pressure Relief Valves. All pressure relief valves
shall meet the following requirements:
mitted to use such components and arrangement of such
components as needed to produce oxygen complying with
(1) They shall be of brass, bronze, or stainless steel con- Section 1309.1 in the quantity as required by the facility,
struction. except where otherwise specifically defined in this code.
(2) They shall be designed for the specific gas service. (2) Air receivers and oxygen accumulators, where used,
(3) They shall have a relief pressure setting not higher than shall comply with Section VIII, “Unfired Pressure Ves-
the maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP) of sels,” of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessels Code
the component with the lowest working pressure rating in and be provided with overpressure relief valves. [NFPA
the portion of the system being protected. 99:5.1.3.5.11.5]
(4) They shall be vented to the outside of the building, 1309.6 Supply Air Quality. The supply air to the concen-
except that relief valves for compressed air systems hav- trators shall be of a quality to ensure the oxygen concentrator
ing less than 3000 cubic feet (84 950 L) at STP shall be unit can produce oxygen complying with Section 1309.1 and
permitted to be diffused locally by means that will not shall not be subject to normally anticipated contamination
restrict the flow. (e.g., vehicle or other exhausts, gas leakage, discharge from
vents, flooding, and so forth). [NFPA 99:5.1.3.5.11.6]
(5) They shall have a vent discharge line that is not smaller
than the size of the relief valve outlet. 1309.7 Electrical Components. The oxygen concentrator
supply unit and any associated electrical equipment shall be pro-
(6) Where two or more relief valves discharge into a com- vided, a minimum, with the following electrical components:
mon vent line, its internal cross-sectional area shall be
not less than the aggregate cross-sectional area of all (1) Either a disconnect switch for each major electrical com-
relief valve vent discharge lines served. ponent or a single disconnect that deactivates all electri-
cal components in the concentrator unit.
(7) They shall not discharge into locations creating potential
hazards. (2) Motor starting devices with overload protection for any
component with an electrical motor over 2 hp (1.5 kW).
(8) They shall have the discharge terminal turned down and [NFPA 99:5.1.3.5.11.7]
screened to prevent the entry of rain, snow, or vermin.
1309.8 Vent Valve. A vent valve shall be provided as fol-
(9) They shall be designed in accordance with ASME B31.3. lows:
[NFPA 99:5.1.3.5.6.1]
» 1308.3 Pressure-Relief Valve Requirements. Central
supply systems for positive pressure gases shall include one
(1) Located on the source side of the concentrator outlet iso-
lation valve to permit the operation of the oxygen con-
centrator unit for validation, calibration, and testing
or more relief valves, all meeting the following requirements: while the unit is isolated from the pipeline system.
(1) They shall be located between each final line regulator (2) Sized to allow for at least 25 percent of the oxygen con-
and the source valve. centrator unit flow.
(2) They shall have a relief setting that is 50 percent above (3) Vented to a location compliant with Section 1309.8.1.
the normal system operating pressure, as indicated in [NFPA 99:5.1.3.5.11.8]
Table 1305.1. [NFPA 99:5.1.3.5.6.3]
1309.8.1 Venting of Relief Valves. Indoor supply
systems shall have all relief valves vented per Section
1309.0 Oxygen Concentrator Supply Units. 1308.2(4) through Section 1308.2(9). [NFPA
1309.1 Oxygen Requirements. Oxygen concentrator sup- 99:5.1.3.3.3.2]
ply units for use with medical gas pipelines shall produce 1309.9 Valved Sample Port. A DN8 (NPS 1/4) valved
oxygen meeting the requirements of Oxygen 93 USP or Oxy- sample port shall be provided near the oxygen concentration
gen USP. [NFPA 99:5.1.3.5.11.1] monitor sensor connection for sampling of the gas from the
1309.2 Particulate Size. Output shall have less than or oxygen concentrator unit. [NFPA 99:5.1.3.5.11.9]
equal to 1.686 x 10-6 pounds per cubic yard (1 mg/m3) of per- 1309.10 Suitable Filter. At least one 0.1 micron filter suit-
manent particulates sized 1 micron or larger at normal atmos- able for oxygen service shall be provided at the outlet of the
pheric pressure. [NFPA 99:5.1.3.5.11.2] oxygen concentrator supply unit. [NFPA 99:5.1.3.5.11.10]
1309.3 Suitability. Materials of construction on the air side 1309.11 Check Valve. A check valve shall be provided at
of the oxygen concentrator unit shall be suitable for the serv- the outlet of the oxygen concentrator supply unit to prevent
ice as determined by the manufacturer. [NFPA backflow into the oxygen concentrator supply unit and to
99:5.1.3.5.11.3] allow service to the unit. [NFPA 99:5.1.3.5.11.11]

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 273

HEALTH CARE FACILITIES AND MEDICAL GAS AND MEDICAL VACUUM SYSTEMS

1309.12 Outlet Valve. An outlet valve shall be provided to tion and shall be accessible. The location shall be provided
isolate all components of the oxygen concentrator from the with drainage facilities in accordance with this code. The
pipeline with the following characteristics: medical air compressor area shall be located separately from
(1) The valve shall have both manual and automatic actua- medical gas cylinder system sources, and shall be readily
tion with visual indication of open or closed. accessible for maintenance.
(2) The valve shall close automatically whenever the oxy- 1310.3.1 Category 1 Medical Air Compressor. «
gen concentrator unit is not producing oxygen of a con- Medical air compressors shall be sufficient to serve the
centration equal to that in Section 1309.1. peak calculated demand with the largest single compres-
sor out of service. In no case shall there be fewer than
(3) Continuing operation of the oxygen concentrator supply
two compressors. [NFPA 99:5.1.3.6.3.9(B)]
unit through the vent mode shall be permitted with the
isolating valve closed. 1310.3.2 Required Components. Medical air com-
pressor systems shall consist of the following:
«
(4) The isolating valve, when automatically closed due to
low concentration, shall require manual reset to ensure (1) Components shall be arranged to allow service and
the oxygen concentrator supply unit is examined prior to a continuous supply of medical air in the event of a
return to service. single fault failure.
(5) Closing the isolating valve, whether automatically or Component arrangement shall be permitted to
manually, shall activate an alarm signal at the master vary as required by the technology(ies) employed,
alarms (see Section 1317.1.1) indicating that the oxygen provided that an equal level of operating redundancy
concentrator supply unit is disconnected. [NFPA and medical air quality is maintained. [NFPA
99:5.1.3.5.11.12] 99:5.1.3.6.3.9(A)(1), 5.1.3.6.3.9(A)(2)]
1309.13 Oxygen Concentration Monitor. The oxygen (2) Automatic means to prevent backflow from all on-
concentrator supply unit shall be provided with an oxygen cycle compressors through all off-cycle compressors.
concentration monitor with the following characteristics: (3) Manual shutoff valve to isolate each compressor
(1) The monitor shall be capable of monitoring 99 percent from the centrally piped system and from other com-
oxygen concentration with 1 percent accuracy. pressors for maintenance or repair without loss of
(2) The monitor shall continuously display the oxygen con- pressure in the system.
centration and shall activate local alarm and master (4) Intake filter-muffler(s) of the dry type.
alarms per NFPA 99 when a concentration lower than 91 (5) Pressure relief valve(s) set at 50 percent above line
percent is observed. pressure.
(3) The monitor shall continuously display the oxygen con- (6) Piping and components between the compressor and
centration. the source shutoff valve that do not contribute to
(4) It shall be permitted to insert the monitor into the pipeline contaminant levels.
without a demand check. [NFPA 99:5.1.3.5.11.13] (7) Except as defined in Section 1310.3.2(1) through
Section 1310.3.2(6), materials and devices used
» 1310.0
tems.
Category 1 Medical Air Central Supply Sys- between the medical air intake and the medical air
source valve that are of any design or construction
» 1310.1 Quality of Medical Air. Medical air shall be
required to have the following characteristics:
appropriate for the service as determined by the
manufacturer. [NFPA 99:5.1.3.6.3.2 (2-7)]
(1) It shall be supplied from cylinders, bulk containers, or 1310.4 Medical Air Receivers. Receivers for medical air
shall meet the following requirements:
«
medical air compressor sources, or it shall be reconsti-
tuted from oxygen USP and oil-free, dry nitrogen NF. (1) They shall be made of corrosion-resistant materials or
(2) It shall meet the requirements of medical air USP. otherwise be made corrosion resistant.
(3) It shall have no detectable liquid hydrocarbons. (2) They shall comply with Section VIII, “Unfired Pressure
(4) It shall have less than 25 ppm gaseous hydrocarbons. Vessels,” of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
(5) It shall have equal to or less than 1.686 x 10-6 pounds per (3) They shall be equipped with a pressure relief valve, auto-
cubic yard (1 mg/m3) of permanent particulates sized 1 matic drain, manual drain, sight glass, and pressure indi-
micron or larger in the air at normal atmospheric pres- cator.
sure. [NFPA 99:5.1.3.6.1] (4) They shall be of a capacity sufficient to prevent the com-
1310.2 Uses of Medical Air. Medical air sources shall be pressors from short-cycling. [NFPA 99:5.1.3.6.3.6]
connected to the medical air distribution system only and
shall be used only for air in the application of human respi-
1310.5 Valves. A medical air receiver(s) shall be provided
with proper valves to allow the flow of compressed air to
«
ration and calibration of medical devices for respiratory appli- enter and exit out of separate receiver ports during normal
cation. [NFPA 99:5.1.3.6.2] operation and allow the receiver to be bypassed during serv-
» 1310.3 Medical Air Compressors. Medical air compres-
sors shall be installed in a well-lit, ventilated, and clean loca-
ice without shutting down the supply of medical air. [NFPA
99:5.1.3.6.3.9(D)]

274 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

HEALTH CARE FACILITIES AND MEDICAL GAS AND MEDICAL VACUUM SYSTEMS

1311.0 Compressor Intake. 1312.2 Medical-Surgical Vacuum Sources. Medical- «

» 1311.1 Air Sources. Air sources for medical air compres-
sors shall comply with Section 1311.2 through Section
surgical vacuum central supply systems shall consist of the
following:
1311.6. (1) Two or more vacuum pumps sufficient to serve the peak
» 1311.2 Medical Air Compressor Source. The medical
air compressors shall draw their air from a source of clean
calculated demand with the largest single vacuum pump
out of service.
air. [NFPA 99:5.1.3.6.3.11(A)] (2) Automatic means to prevent backflow from any on-cycle
If an air source equal to or better than outside air (e.g., air vacuum pumps through any off-cycle vacuum pumps.
already filtered for use in operating room ventilating systems) (3) Shutoff valve or other isolation means to isolate each
is available, it shall be permitted to be used for the medical air vacuum pump from the centrally piped system, and other
compressors with the following provisions: vacuum pumps for maintenance or repair without loss of
(1) This alternate source of supply air shall be available on vacuum in the system.
a continuous 24 hours-per-day, 7 day-per-week basis. (4) Vacuum receiver.
(2) Ventilating systems having fans with motors or drive (5) Piping between the vacuum pump(s), discharge(s),
belts located in the airstream shall not be used as a source receiver(s), and vacuum source shutoff valve in accor-
of medical air intake. [NFPA 99:5.1.3.6.3.11(E)] dance with Section 1319.0, except brass, galvanized, or
» 1311.3 Air Intakes. Compressor intake piping shall be per-
mitted to be made of materials and use a joining technique as
black steel pipe, which is permitted to be used as recom-
mended by the manufacturer.
permitted under Section 1319.0 and Section 1320.0. [NFPA (6) Except as defined in Section 1312.2(1) through Section
99:5.1.3.6.3.11(F)] 1312.2(5), materials and devices used between the med-
» 1311.4 Location. Medical air intakes shall be located as fol-
lows:
ical vacuum exhaust and the medical vacuum source that
are permitted to be of any design or construction appro-
priate for the service as determined by the manufacturer.
(1) The medical air intake shall be located a minimum of 25
feet (7620 mm) from ventilating system exhausts, fuel (7) Vacuum filtration per Section 1312.4. [NFPA
storage vents, combustion vents, plumbing vents, and 99:5.1.3.7.1.1]
vacuum discharges, or areas that can collect vehicular
exhausts or other noxious fumes.
1312.3 Vacuum Receivers. Receivers for vacuum shall
meet the following requirements:
«
(2) The medical air intake shall be located a minimum of 20 (1) They shall be made of materials deemed suitable by the
feet (6096 mm) above ground level. manufacturer.
(3) The medical air intake shall be located a minimum of 10 (2) They shall comply with Section VIII, “Unfired Pressure
feet (3048 mm) from any door, window, or other open- Vessels,” of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
ing in the building. [NFPA 99:5.1.3.6.3.11(B-D)] (3) They shall be capable of withstanding a gauge pressure
» 1311.5 Separate Compressors. Air intakes for separate
compressors shall be permitted to be joined together to one
of 60 psi (414 kPa) and 30 inch (762 mm) gauge HgV.
(4) They shall be equipped with a manual drain.
common intake where the following conditions are met:
(5) They shall be of a capacity based on the technology of
(1) The common intake is sized to minimize backpressure the pumps. [NFPA 99:5.1.3.7.3]
in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations.
1312.4 Vacuum Filtration. Central supply systems for vac-
(2) Each compressor can be isolated by manual or check uum shall be provided with inlet filtration with the following
valve, blind flange, or tube cap to prevent open inlet pip- characteristics:
ing when the compressor(s) is removed for service from
the consequent backflow of room air into the other com- (1) Filtration shall be at least duplex to allow one filter to be
pressor(s). [NFPA 99:5.1.3.6.3.11(G)] exchanged without impairing vacuum system.
» 1311.6 Screening. The end of the intake shall be turned
down and screened or otherwise be protected against the entry
(2) Filtration shall be located on the patient side of the vac-
uum producer.
of vermin, debris, or precipitation by screening fabricated or (3) Filters shall be efficient to 0.03 µ and 99.97 percent
composed of a noncorroding material. [NFPA HEPA or better, per DOE-STD-3020.
99:5.1.3.6.3.11(H)] (4) Filtration shall be sized for 100 percent of the peak cal-
culated demand while one filter or filter bundle is iso-
» 1312.0
tems.
Medical Surgical Vacuum Central Supply Sys- lated.
(5) It shall be permitted to group multiple filters into bun-
» 1312.1 General. The vacuum plant shall be installed in a
well-lit, ventilated, and clean location with accessibility. The
dles to achieve the required capacities.
(6) The system shall be provided with isolation valves on the
location shall be provided with drainage facilities in accordance source side of each filter or filter bundle and isolation
with this code. The vacuum plant, where installed as a source, valves on the patient side of each filter or filter bundle,
shall be located separately from other medical vacuum system permitting the filters to be isolated without shutting off
sources and shall be readily accessible for maintenance. flow to the central supply system.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 275

HEALTH CARE FACILITIES AND MEDICAL GAS AND MEDICAL VACUUM SYSTEMS

(7) A means shall be available to allow the user to observe of vermin, debris, or precipitation by screening fabricated or
any accumulations of liquids. composed of a noncorroding material. [NFPA 99:5.1.3.7.7.3]
(8) A vacuum relief petcock shall be provided to allow vac-
uum to be relieved in the filter canister during filter
1313.4 Dips and Loops. The exhaust shall be free of dips
and loops that might trap condensate or oil or provided with
«
replacement. a drip leg and valved drain at the bottom of the low point.
(9) Filter elements and canisters shall be permitted to be con- [NFPA 99:5.1.3.7.7.4]
structed of materials as deemed suitable by the manu-
facturer.
1313.5 Multiple Pumps. Vacuum exhausts from multiple
pumps shall be permitted to be joined together to one com-
«
(10) In normal operation, one filter or filter bundle shall be mon exhaust where the following conditions are met:
isolated from the system to be available for service (1) The common exhaust is sized to minimize backpressure
should a blockage in the operating filter occur or rota- in accordance with the pump manufacturer’s recom-
tion of the filters be desired after filter element exchange. mendations.
[NFPA 99:5.1.3.7.4] (2) Each pump can be isolated by manual or check valve,
1312.5 Piping Arrangement and Redundancies. Pip- blind flange, or tube cap to prevent open exhaust piping
ing arrangement shall be as follows: when the pump(s) is removed for service from consequent
(1) Piping shall be arranged to allow service and a continu- flow of exhaust air into the room. [NFPA 99:5.1.3.7.7.5]
ous supply of medical-surgical vacuum in the event of a
single fault failure.
(2) Piping arrangement shall be permitted to vary based on
1314.0 Valves.
1314.1 Gas and Vacuum Shutoff Valves. Shutoff valves
«
the technology(ies) employed, provided that an equal shall be provided to isolate sections or portions of the piped
level of operating redundancy is maintained. distribution system for maintenance, repair, or planned future
(3) Where only one set of vacuum pumps is available for a expansion need and to facilitate periodic testing. [NFPA
combined medical-surgical vacuum system and an analy- 99:5.1.4.1.1]
sis, a research, or a teaching laboratory vacuum system,
such laboratories shall be connected separately from the
1314.2 Security. All valves, except valves in zone valve
box assemblies, shall be secured by any of the following
«
medical-surgical system directly to the receiver tank means:
through its own isolation valve and fluid trap located at (1) Located in secured areas.
the receiver, and between the isolation valve and fluid (2) Locked or latched in their operating position.
trap, a scrubber shall be permitted to be installed. [NFPA
99:5.1.3.7.5, 5.1.3.7.5.1] (3) Located above ceilings, but remaining accessible and not
obstructed. [NFPA 99:5.1.4.1.2]
1312.6 Piping Serviceability. The medical-surgical vac-
uum receiver(s) shall be serviceable without shutting down
1314.3 Labeled. All valves shall be labeled as to gas sup-
plied and the area(s) controlled, in accordance with Section
«
the medical-surgical vacuum system by any method to ensure
1323.14. [NFPA 99:5.1.4.1.3]
continuation of service to the facility’s medical-surgical
pipeline distribution system. [NFPA 99:5.1.3.7.5.2] 1314.4 Accessibility. Zone valves shall be installed in «
valve boxes with removable covers large enough to allow
1312.7 Shutoff Valve. Medical-surgical vacuum central
manual operation of valves.
supply systems shall be provided with a source shutoff valve
per Section 1314.6. [NFPA 99:5.1.3.7.5.3] Zone valves for use in certain areas, such as psychiatric
or pediatric areas, shall be permitted to be secured with the
approval of the Authority Having Jurisdiction to prevent inap-
1313.0 Medical-Surgical Vacuum Exhaust. propriate access. [NFPA 99:5.1.4.1.4]
» 1313.1 Vacuum Source Exhausts. The medical-surgical
vacuum pumps shall exhaust in a manner and location that
1314.4.1 Flammable Gases. Valves for nonflamma-
ble medical gases shall not be installed with valves for
minimizes the hazards of noise and contamination to the facil- flammable gases in the same zone valve box assembly
ity and its environment. [NFPA 99:5.1.3.7.7.1] with flammable gases. [NFPA 99:5.1.4.1.5]
» 1313.2 Location. The exhaust shall be located as follows: 1314.5 Valve Types. New or replacement valves shall be
permitted to be of any type as long as they meet the follow-
«
(1) Outdoors.
(2) At least 25 feet (7620 mm) from any door, window, air ing conditions:
intake, or other openings in buildings or places of public (1) They have a minimum Cv factor in accordance with
assembly. Table 1314.5.
(3) At a level different from air intakes. (2) They use a quarter turn to off.
(4) Where prevailing winds, adjacent buildings, topography, (3) They are constructed of materials suitable for the service.
or other influences will not divert the exhaust into occu- (4) They are provided with copper tube extensions by the
pied areas or prevent dispersion of the exhaust. [NFPA manufacturer for brazing or with corrugated medical tub-
99: 5.1.3.7.7.2] ing (CMT) fittings.
» 1313.3 Screening. The end of the exhaust shall be turned
down and screened or otherwise be protected against the entry
(5) They indicate to the operator if the valve is open or
closed.

276 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

HEALTH CARE FACILITIES AND MEDICAL GAS AND MEDICAL VACUUM SYSTEMS

(6) They permit in-line serviceability. 1314.10 Zone Valves. All station outlets/inlets shall be sup-
plied through a zone valve, which shall be placed as follows:
«
(7) They are cleaned for oxygen service by the manufacturer
if used for any positive-pressure service. [NFPA (1) It is installed so that a wall intervenes between the valve
99:5.1.4.1.6] and the outlets/inlets that it controls.
(2) It is readily operable from a standing position.
TABLE 1314.5 (3) It is installed where it is visible and accessible at all
POSITIVE PRESSURE GASES times.
[NFPA 99: TABLE 5.1.4.1.6(a)]
VALVE SIZE MINIMUM Cv (4) It is not installed where it can be hidden from plain view,
(inch) (full open) such as behind normally open or normally closed doors.
1
/2 17 (5) It is not installed in a room with the station outlets/inlets
/4
3
31 that it controls.
1 60 (6) It is not installed in rooms, areas, or closets that can be
11/4 110 closed or locked. [NFPA 99:5.1.4.6.1]
11/2 169 1314.10.1 Readily Accessible. A zone valve in each
2 357 medical gas or vacuum line shall be provided for each
Category 1 space and anesthetizing location for moder-
21/2 390
ate sedation, deep sedation, or general anesthesia specific
3 912 for the occupancy. These zone valves shall be located as
4 1837 follows:
For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm
(1) They are installed immediately outside the area con-
trolled.
» 1314.6 Source Valves. A shutoff valve shall be placed at the
immediate connection of each central supply system to the piped
(2) They are readily accessible in an emergency. [NFPA
99:5.1.4.6.2]
distribution system to allow the entire central supply system, 1314.10.2 Arrangement. Piping on the patient side of
including all accessory devices (e.g., air dryers, final line regu- zone valves shall be arranged to provide the following:
lators), to be isolated from the facility. [NFPA 99:5.1.4.2.1]
» 1314.6.1 Location. The source valve shall be located
in the immediate vicinity of the central supply system.
(1) Shutting off the supply of medical gas or vacuum to
one zone will not affect the supply of medical gas
or vacuum to another zone or the rest of the system.
[NFPA 99:5.1.4.2.2]
» 1314.7 Main Line Valve. A shutoff valve shall be provided
in the main supply line inside of the buildings being served,
(2) Service will only be to outlets/inlets located on that
same story.
except where one or more of the following conditions exist: (3) All gas delivery columns, hose reels, ceiling tracks,
control panels, pendants, booms, or other special
(1) The source and source valve are located inside the build-
installations are located on the patient side of the
ing served.
zone valve. [NFPA 99:5.1.4.6.3]
(2) The source system is physically mounted to the wall of
the building served, and the pipeline enters the building
1314.10.3 Indicators. A pressure/vacuum indicator
shall be provided on the station outlet/inlet side of each
«
in the immediate vicinity of the source valve. [NFPA
zone valve. [NFPA 99:5.1.4.6.4]

»
99:5.1.4.3.1]
1314.7.1 Location. The main line valve shall be located
1314.11 In-Line Shutoff Valves. Optional in-line valves
shall be permitted to be installed to isolate or shut off piping
«
on the facility side of the source valve and outside of the
for servicing of individual rooms or areas. [NFPA 99:5.1.4.7]
source room, the enclosure, or where the main line first
enters the building. [NFPA 99:5.1.4.3.2] 1314.12 Valves for Future Connections. Future con- «
» 1314.8 Riser Valves. Each riser supplied from the main line
nection valves shall be labeled as to gas content. [NFPA
99:5.1.4.8.1]
shall be provided with a shutoff valve in the riser adjacent to
the main line. [NFPA 99:5.1.4.4] 1314.12.1 Downstream Piping. Downstream piping «
» 1314.9 Service Valves. Service valves shall be installed to
allow servicing or modification of lateral branch piping from
shall be closed with a brazed cap with tubing allowance
for cutting and rebrazing. [NFPA 99:5.1.4.8.2]
a main or riser without shutting down the entire main, riser,
or facility. [NFPA 99:5.1.4.5.1] 1315.0 Station Outlets and Inlets. «
» 1314.9.1 Branch Piping. Only one service valve shall
be required for each branch off of a riser, regardless of
1315.1 General. Each station outlet/inlet for medical gases
or vacuums shall be gas-specific, whether the outlet/inlet is
«
how many zone valve boxes are installed on that lateral. threaded or is a noninterchangeable quick coupler. [NFPA
Service valves shall be placed in the branch piping 99:5.1.5.1]
prior to any zone valve box assembly on that branch.
[NFPA 99:5.1.4.5.2, 5.1.4.5.3]
1315.2 Required Valves. Each station outlet shall consist
of a primary and a secondary valve (or assembly).
«
2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 277
HEALTH CARE FACILITIES AND MEDICAL GAS AND MEDICAL VACUUM SYSTEMS

Each station inlet shall consist of a primary valve (or outlet for oxygen at 80 psi (552 kPa) shall not accept an
assembly) and shall be permitted to include a secondary valve adapter for oxygen at 50 psi (345 kPa)].
(or assembly). [NFPA 99:5.1.5.2, 5.1.5.3] (3) If operated at a pressure in excess of 80 psi (552 kPa),
» 1315.3 Secondary Valve. The secondary valve (or assem-
bly) shall close automatically to stop the flow of gas (or vac-
they shall be either D.I.S.S. connectors or comply with
Section 1315.14(4).
uum, if provided) when the primary valve (or assembly) is (4) If operated at a gauge pressure between 200 psi and 300
removed. [NFPA 99:5.1.5.4] psi (1379 kPa and 2068 kPa), the station outlet shall be
1315.4 Identification. Each outlet/inlet shall be legibly iden- designed so as to prevent the removal of the adapter until
tified in accordance with Section 1323.15. [NFPA 99:5.1.5.5] the pressure has been relieved to prevent the adapter
1315.5 Threaded Outlets/Fittings. Threaded injuring the user or others when removed from the out-
outlets/inlets shall be noninterchangeable connections com- let. [NFPA 99:5.1.5.15]
plying with the mandatory requirements of CGA V-5. [NFPA
99:5.1.5.6]
1315.15 Post Installation. After installation of the piping,
but before installation of the station outlets and inlets and
«
1315.6 Gas-Specific Station Outlet/Inlet. Each station other medical gas and medical gas system components (e.g.,
outlet/inlet, including those mounted in columns, hose reels, pressure-actuating switches for alarms, manifolds, pressure
ceiling tracks, or other special installations, shall be designed gauges, or pressure relief valves), the line shall be blown clear
so that parts or components that are required to be gas-spe- using oil-free, dry nitrogen NF.
cific for compliance with Section 1315.1 and Section 1315.8
cannot be interchanged between the station outlet/inlet for 1316.0 Pressure and Vacuum Indicator Locations.
different gases. [NFPA 99:5.1.5.7]
1315.7 Common Parts. The use of common parts in out-
1316.1 Isolation. A pressure-relief valve shall not be iso-
lated from its intended use by a valve.
«
lets/inlets, such as springs, O-rings, fasteners, seals, and shut-
off poppets, shall be permitted. [NFPA 99:5.1.5.8]
1316.2 Pressure and Vacuum Indicator Locations.
Pressure/vacuum indicators shall be readable from a stand-
«
1315.8 Marking of Components. Components of a vac- ing position. Pressure/vacuum indicators shall be provided at
uum station inlet necessary for the maintenance of vacuum the following locations, as a minimum:
specificity shall be legibly marked to identify them as com- (1) Adjacent to the alarm-initiating device for source main
ponents or parts of a vacuum or suction system. [NFPA line pressure and vacuum alarms in the master alarm sys-
99:5.1.5.9] tem.
1315.9 Components Not Specific to a Vacuum. Com- (2) At or in area alarm panels to indicate the pressure/vac-
ponents of inlets not specific to a vacuum shall not be uum at the alarm activating device for each system that
required to be marked. [NFPA 99:5.1.5.10] is monitored by the panel.
1315.10 Factory-Installed Copper Inlet Tubes. Factory- (3) On the station outlet/inlet side of zone valves. [NFPA
installed copper inlet tubes on station outlets extending no 99:5.1.8.2.1, 5.1.8.2.2]
further than 8 inches (203 mm) from the body of the terminal
shall be not less than DN8 (NPS 1/4) (3/8 inch O.D.) size, with
0.3 inch (7.6 mm) minimum inside diameter. [NFPA 1317.0 Warning Systems.
99:5.1.5.11] 1317.1 Category 1. All master, area, and local alarm sys-
1315.11 Factory-Installed Copper Outlet Tubes. Fac- tems used for medical gas and vacuum systems shall include
tory-installed copper outlet tubes on station inlets extending the following:
no further than 8 inches (203 mm) from the body of the ter- (1) Separate visual indicators for each condition monitored,
minal shall be not less than DN10 (NPS 3/8) (1/2 in. O.D.) size, except as permitted in Section 1317.1.2 for local alarms
with 0.4 inch (10.2 mm) minimum inside diameter. [NFPA that are displayed on master alarm panels.
99:5.1.5.12] (2) Visual indicators that remain in alarm until the situation
1315.12 Protection from Damage. Station outlets/inlets that has caused the alarm is resolved.
shall be permitted to be recessed or otherwise protected from (3) Cancelable audible indication of each alarm condition
damage. [NFPA 99:5.1.5.13] that produces a sound with a minimum level of 80 deci-
1315.13 Multiple Wall Outlets/Inlets. When multiple wall bels at 3 feet (914 mm).
outlets/inlets are installed, they shall be spaced to allow the (4) Means to indicate a lamp or LED failure and audible fail-
simultaneous use of adjacent outlets/inlets with any of the ure.
various types of therapy equipment. [NFPA 99:5.1.5.14] (5) Visual and audible indication that the communication
1315.14 Nonstandard Operation Pressures. Station with an alarm-initiating device is disconnected.
outlets in systems having nonstandard operating pressures (6) Labeling of each indicator, indicating the condition mon-
shall meet the following additional requirements: itored.
(1) They shall be gas-specific. (7) Labeling of each alarm panel for its area of surveillance.
(2) They shall be pressure-specific where a single gas is (8) Reinitiation of the audible signal if another alarm condi-
piped at more than one operating pressure [e.g., a station tion occurs while the audible alarm is silenced.

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HEALTH CARE FACILITIES AND MEDICAL GAS AND MEDICAL VACUUM SYSTEMS

(9) Power for master, area alarms, sensors, and switches

from the life safety branch of the essential electrical sys-
1318.3 Delivery. Each length of tube shall be delivered
plugged or capped by the manufacturer and kept sealed until
«
tem as described in NFPA 99. prepared for installation. Fittings, valves, and other components
(10) Power for local alarms, dew point sensors, and carbon shall be delivered sealed and labeled and kept sealed until pre-
monoxide sensors permitted to be from the same essen- pared for installation. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.1.2, 5.1.10.1.3]
tial electrical branch as is used to power the air com-
pressor system.
1318.4 Tubes for Medical Gas Systems. Tubes shall be
hard-drawn seamless copper in accordance with ASTM
«
(11) Where used for communications, wiring from switches B819, medical gas tube, Type L, except Type K shall be used
or sensors that is supervised or protected as required by where operating pressures are above a gauge pressure of 185
NFPA 70 for life safety and critical branches circuits in psi (1276 kPa) and the pipe sizes are larger than DN80 [(NPS
which protection is any of the following types: 3) (31/8 inches O.D.)]. {NFPA 99:5.1.10.1.4}
(a) Conduit 1318.5 Manufacturer Markings. ASTM B819, medical gas
tube shall be identified by the manufacturer’s markings “OXY,”
(b) Free air “MED,” “OXY/MED,” “OXY/ACR,” or “ACR/MED” in blue
(c) Wire (Type L) or green (Type K). [NFPA 99:5.1.10.1.7]
(d) Cable tray 1318.6 Documentation. The installer shall furnish docu-
mentation certifying that all installed piping materials comply
«
(e) Raceways
with the requirements of Section 1318.2. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.1.8]
(12) Communication devices that do not use electrical wiring
for signal transmission will be supervised such that fail-
ure of communication shall initiate an alarm. 1319.0 Piping Materials for Field-Installed Medical-
(13) Assurance by the responsible authority of the facility that Surgical Vacuum Systems.
the labeling of alarms, where room numbers or designa-
tions are used, is accurate and up-to-date.
1319.1 Tubes for Medical Vacuum Systems. Piping for
vacuum systems shall be constructed of any of the following:
«
(14) Provisions for automatic restart after a power loss of 10 (1) Hard-drawn seamless copper tube in accordance with the
seconds (e.g., during generator startup) without giving following:
false signals or requiring manual reset. (a) ASTM B88, copper tube (Type K, Type L, or Type
(15) Alarm switches/sensors installed so as to be removable. M)
[NFPA 99:5.1.9.1] (b) ASTM B280, copper ACR tube
1317.1.1 Master Alarms. A master alarm system shall (c) ASTM B819, copper medical gas tubing (Type K or
be provided to monitor the operation and condition of the Type L)
source of supply, the reserve source (if any), and the (2) Stainless steel tube in accordance with the following:
pressure in the main lines of each medical gas and vac-
(a) ASTM A269 TP304L or 316L
uum piping system. [NFPA 99:5.1.9.2]
» 1317.1.2 Master Alarm Signal. The master alarm shall
include at least one signal from the source equipment to
(b) ASTM A312 TP304L or 316L
(c) ASTM A312 TP 304L/316L, Schedule 5S pipe, and
indicate a problem with the source equipment at this ASTM A403 WP304L/316L, Schedule 5S fittings
location. This master alarm signal shall activate when {NFPA 99:5.1.10.2.1}
any of the required local alarm signals for this source 1319.1.1 Where Not Required. If medical gas tube in
equipment activates. [NFPA 99:5.1.9.5.2] accordance with ASTM B819, Standard Specification for
Seamless Copper Tube for Medical Gas Systems, is used

» 1318.0 Piping Materials for Field-Installed Positive

Pressure Medical Gas Systems.
for vacuum piping, such special marking shall not be
required. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.2.2.2]

» 1318.1 General. The provisions of this section shall apply

to field-installed piping for the distribution of medical gas 1320.0 Joints and Connections. «
systems. 1320.1 General. This section sets forth the requirements for «
» 1318.2 Cleaning. Tubes, valves, fittings, station outlets, and
other piping components in medical gas systems shall have
pipe joint installations for a medical gas or vacuum system.
1320.2 Changes in Direction. Positive pressure patient «
been cleaned for oxygen service by the manufacturer prior to gas systems, medical support gas systems, and vacuum sys-
installation in accordance with the mandatory requirements tems constructed of hard-drawn seamless copper or stainless
of CGA G-4.1, except that fittings shall be permitted to be steel tubing shall have all turns, offsets, and other changes in
cleaned by a supplier or agency other than the manufacturer. direction made using fittings or techniques appropriate to any
[NFPA 99:5.1.10.1.1] of the following acceptable joining methods:
Where tube ends, fittings or other components become (1) Brazing, as described in Section 1321.0.
contaminated before installation they shall be recleaned in (2) Welding, as described in Section 1322.1 through Section
accordance with Section 1321.8.7 and Section 1321.8.8. 1322.2.1.

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(3) Memory metal fittings, as described in Section 1322.3. surface oxides. When cleaning the exterior surfaces of
(4) Axially swaged, elastic preload fittings, as described in tube ends, no matter shall be allowed to enter the tube.
Section 1322.4. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.3.2, 5.1.10.4.3.3]
(5) Threaded, as described in Section 1322.5. [NFPA 1321.8.2 Interior Surfaces. If the interior surfaces of
fitting sockets become contaminated prior to brazing, they
«
99:5.1.10.3.1]
» 1320.2.1 Medical Vacuum Systems. Vacuum sys-
tems fabricated from copper tubing shall be permitted to
shall be recleaned for oxygen in accordance with Section
1321.8.7 and be cleaned for brazing with a clean, oil-free,
stainless steel or brass wire brush. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.3.4]
have branch connections made using mechanically
formed, drilled, and extruded tee-branch connections that 1321.8.3 Abrasive Pads. Clean, nonshedding, abra-
sive pads shall be used to clean the exterior surfaces of
«
are formed in accordance with the tool manufacturer’s
instructions. Such branch connections shall be joined by the tube ends. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.3.5]
brazing, as described in Section 1321.0. [NFPA
99:5.1.10.3.3]
1321.8.4 Prohibited. The use of steel wool or sand
cloth shall be prohibited. The cleaning process shall not
«
result in grooving of the surfaces to be joined. [NFPA
99:5.1.10.4.3.6, 5.1.10.4.3.7]
»
1321.0 Brazed Joints.
1321.1 Brazed Joints and Fittings. Fittings shall be 1321.8.5 Wiped. After being abraded, the surfaces shall
be wiped using a clean, lint-free white cloth. [NFPA
«
wrought-copper capillary fittings complying with ASME
B16.22, or brazed fittings complying with ASME B16.50. 99:5.1.10.4.3.8]
Cast copper alloy fittings shall not be permitted. 1321.8.6 Examination. Tubes, fittings, valves, and
other components shall be visually examined internally
«
Brazed joints shall be made using a brazing alloy that
exhibits a melting temperature in excess of 1000°F (538°C) before being joined to verify that they have not become
to retain the integrity of the piping system in the event of fire contaminated for oxygen service and that they are free
exposure. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.1.1 – 5.1.10.4.1.3] of obstructions or debris. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.3.9]
» 1321.2 Tube Joints. Brazed tube joints shall be the socket 1321.8.7 On-Site Recleaning. The interior surfaces
of tube ends, fittings, and other components that were
«
type. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.1.4]
» 1321.3 Filler Metals. Filler metals shall bond with and be
metallurgically compatible with the base metals being joined.
cleaned for oxygen service by the manufacturer, but that
became contaminated prior to being installed, shall be
permitted to be recleaned on-site by the installer by thor-
Filler metals shall comply with AWS A5.8. [NFPA oughly scrubbing the interior surfaces with a clean, hot
99:5.1.10.4.1.5, 5.1.10.4.1.6] water–alkaline solution, such as sodium carbonate or
» 1321.4 Copper-to-Copper Joints. Copper-to-copper
joints shall be brazed using a copper–phosphorus or copper-
trisodium phosphate, using a solution of 1 pound (0.5 kg)
of sodium carbonate or trisodium phosphate to 3 gallons
phosphorus-silver brazing filler metal (BCuP series) without (11 L) of potable water, and thoroughly rinsing them
flux. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.1.7] with clean, hot, potable water.
» 1321.5 Accessible. Joints to be brazed in place shall be
accessible for necessary preparation, assembly, heating, filler
Other aqueous cleaning solutions shall be permitted
to be used for on-site recleaning provided that they are as
application, cooling, cleaning, and inspection. [NFPA recommended in the mandatory requirements of CGA G-
99:5.1.10.4.1.9] 4.1. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.3.10, 5.1.10.4.3.11]
1321.6 Purging. Braze joints shall be continuously purged
with nitrogen NF. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.1.10]
1321.8.8 Contaminated Materials. Material that has
become contaminated internally and is not clean for oxy-
«
» 1321.7 Tube Ends. Tube ends shall be cut square using a gen service shall not be installed. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.3.12]
sharp tubing cutter to avoid deforming the tube. [NFPA
99:5.1.10.4.2.1]
1321.8.9 Timeframe for Brazing. Joints shall be
brazed within 8 hours after the surfaces are cleaned for
«
» 1321.7.1 Cutting Wheels. The cutting wheels on tub- brazing. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.3.13]
ing cutters shall be free from grease, oil, or other lubri-
cant not suitable for oxygen service. [NFPA
1321.9 Brazing Dissimilar Metals. Flux shall only be
used when brazing dissimilar metals, such as copper and
«
99:5.1.10.4.2.2] bronze or brass, using a silver (BAg series) brazing filler
» 1321.7.2 Cut Ends. The cut ends of the tube shall be metal. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.4.1]
permitted to be rolled smooth or deburred with a sharp,
clean deburring tool, taking care to prevent chips from
1321.9.1 Surface Cleaning. Surfaces shall be cleaned
for brazing in accordance with Section 1321.8. [NFPA
«
entering the tube. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.2.3] 99:5.1.10.4.4.2]
» 1321.8 Cleaning Procedures. The interior surfaces of
tubes, fittings, and other components that are cleaned for oxy-
1321.9.2 Flux. Flux shall be applied sparingly to mini- «
mize contamination of the inside of the tube with flux.
gen service shall be stored and handled to avoid contamina- The flux shall be applied and worked over the cleaned
tion prior to assembly and brazing. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.3.1] surfaces to be brazed using a stiff bristle brush to ensure
» 1321.8.1 Exterior Surfaces. The exterior surfaces of
tube ends shall be cleaned prior to brazing to remove any
complete coverage and wetting of the surfaces with flux.
[NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.4.3, 5.1.10.4.4.4]

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» 1321.9.3 Short Sections of Copper. Where possi-

ble, short sections of copper tube shall be brazed onto the
1321.10.10 Autogenous Orbital Welding Process.
When using the autogenous orbital welding process,
«
non-copper component, and the interior of the sub- joints shall be continuously purged inside and outside
assembly shall be cleaned of flux prior to installation in with inert gas(es) in accordance with the qualified weld-
the piping system. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.4.5] ing procedure. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.5.12]
» 1321.9.4 Flux-Coated Brazing Rods. On joints
DN20 (NPS 3⁄4) (7⁄8 inch O.D.) size and smaller, flux-
1321.11 Assembling and Heating Brazed Joints. Tube
ends shall be inserted into the socket, either fully or to a
«
coated brazing rods shall be permitted to be used in lieu mechanically limited depth that is not less than the minimum
of applying flux to the surfaces being joined. [NFPA cup depth (overlap) specified by ASME B16.50. [NFPA
99:5.1.10.4.4.6] 99:5.1.10.4.6.1]
» 1321.10 Nitrogen Purge. When brazing, joints shall be
continuously purged with oil-free, dry nitrogen NF to prevent
1321.11.1 Heating of Joint. Where flux is permitted,
the joint shall be heated slowly until the flux has lique-
«
the formation of copper oxide on the inside surfaces of the fied. After flux is liquefied, or where flux is not permit-
joint. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.5.1] ted to be used, the joint shall be heated quickly to the
» 1321.10.1 Source. The source of the purge gas shall
be monitored, and the installer shall be audibly alerted
brazing temperature, taking care not to overheat the joint.
[NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.6.2, 5.1.10.4.6.3]
when the source content is low. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.5.2] 1321.12 Inspection of Brazed Joints. After brazing, the «
» 1321.10.2 Flow Rate Control. The purge gas flow rate
shall be controlled by the use of a pressure regulator and
outside of all joints shall be cleaned by washing with water
and a wire brush to remove any residue and allow clear visual
flowmeter, or combination thereof. inspection of the joint. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.7.1]
Pressure regulators alone shall not be used to control 1321.12.1 Where Flux Is Used. Where flux has been
used, the wash water shall be hot. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.7.2]
«
purge gas flow rates. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.5.3, 5.1.10.4.5.4]
» 1321.10.3 Oxygen Analyzer. In order to ensure that
all ambient air has been removed from the pipeline prior
1321.12.2 Visually Inspected. Each brazed joint shall
be visually inspected after cleaning the outside surfaces.
«
to brazing, an oxygen analyzer shall be used to verify the [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.7.3]
effectiveness of the purge. The oxygen analyzer shall
read below 1 percent oxygen concentration before braz-
1321.12.3 Prohibited Brazed Joints. Joints exhibit-
ing the following conditions shall not be permitted:
«
ing begins. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.5.5]
» 1321.10.4 During Installation. During and after
installation, openings in the piping system shall be kept
(1) Flux or flux residue (when flux or flux-coated BAg
series rods are used with dissimilar metals).
(2) Base metal melting or erosion.
sealed to maintain a nitrogen atmosphere within the pip-
ing to prevent debris or other contaminants from entering (3) Unmelted filler metal.
the system. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.5.6] (4) Failure of the filler metal to be clearly visible all the
» 1321.10.5 Discharge Opening. While a joint is being
brazed, a discharge opening shall be provided on the
way around the joint at the interface between the
socket and the tube.
opposite side of the joint from where the purge gas is (5) Cracks in the tube or component.
being introduced. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.5.7] (6) Cracks in the braze filler metal.
» 1321.10.6 Temperature of Joint. The flow of purge
gas shall be maintained until the joint is cool to the touch.
(7) Failure of the joint to hold the test pressure under the
installer-performed initial pressure test (see Section
[NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.5.8] 1324.5 through Section 1324.5.1.2) and standing pres-
» 1321.10.7 Opening to Be Sealed. After the joint has
cooled, the purge discharge opening shall be sealed to
sure test (see Section 1324.5.4 or Section 1324.5.5).
[NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.7.4]
prevent contamination of the inside of the tube and main-
tain the nitrogen atmosphere within the piping system.
1321.12.4 Defective Brazed Joints. Brazed joints
that are identified as defective under the conditions of
«
[NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.5.9] Section 1321.12.3(2) or Section 1321.12.3(5) shall be
» 1321.10.8 Final Brazed Connection. The final
brazed connection of new piping to an existing pipeline
replaced. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.7.5]
Brazed joints that are identified as defective under the
containing the system gas shall be permitted to be made conditions of Section 1321.12.3(1), Section 1321.12.3(3),
without the use of a nitrogen purge. [NFPA Section 1321.12.3(4), Section 1321.12.3(6) or Section
99:5.1.10.4.5.10]
» 1321.10.9 Final Tie-In Test. After a final brazed con-
nection in a positive pressure medical gas pipeline is
1321.12.3(7) shall be permitted to be repaired, except that
no joint shall be reheated more than once before being
replaced. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.7.6]
made without a nitrogen purge, an outlet in the immedi-
ate downstream zone of the affected portion(s) of both
the new and existing piping shall be tested in accordance 1322.0 Welded Joints.
with the final tie-in test in Section 1324.5.9 through Sec-
tion 1324.5.9.4. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.5.11]
1322.1 Welded Joints Procedure. Welded joints for
medical gas and medical-surgical vacuum systems shall be
«
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HEALTH CARE FACILITIES AND MEDICAL GAS AND MEDICAL VACUUM SYSTEMS

permitted to be made using a gas tungsten arc welding check fittings, and source equipment on the source side
(GTAW) autogenous orbital procedure. [NFPA of the source valve.
99:5.1.10.5.1.1] (2) They shall be tapered pipe threads complying with
» 1322.1.1 Welder Qualification Procedure. The
GTAW autogenous orbital procedure and the welder
ASME B1.20.1.
(3) They shall be made up with polytetrafluoroethylene
qualification procedure shall be qualified in accordance (PTFE) tape or other thread sealant recommended for
with Section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Ves- oxygen service, with sealant applied to the male threads
sel Code. Welder qualification procedures shall include only and care taken to ensure sealant does not enter the
a bend test and a tensile test in accordance with Section pipe. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.8]
IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code on
each tube size diameter. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.5.1.2, 1322.6 Other Types of Fittings. Listed or approved metal-
lic gas tube fittings that, when made up, provide a permanent
«
5.1.10.5.1.3]
joint having the mechanical, thermal, and sealing integrity of
1322.1.2 Welding Procedure Specification. Each
a brazed joint shall be permitted to be used. [NFPA
welder shall qualify to a welding procedure specification
99:5.1.10.9.1]

»
(WPS) for each tube diameter. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.5.1.4]
1322.1.3 Purging of Joints. GTAW autogenous 1322.6.1 Dielectric Fittings. Dielectric fittings that
comply with the following shall be permitted only where
«
orbital welded joints shall be purged during welding with
a commercially available mixture of 75 percent helium required by the manufacturer of special medical equip-
(+/- 5 percent) and 25 percent argon (+/- 5 percent). ment to electrically isolate the equipment from the sys-
[NFPA 99:5.1.10.5.1.5] tem distribution piping:
1322.1.4 Shield Gas. The shield gas shall be as (1) They shall be of brass or copper construction with an
required in Section 1322.1.3. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.5.1.6] approved dielectric.
» 1322.1.5 Test Coupons. Test coupons shall be welded
and inspected, as a minimum, at the start of work and
(2) They shall be permitted to be a union.
(3) They shall be clean for oxygen where used for med-
every 4 hours thereafter, or when the machine is idle for ical gases and medical support gases. [NFPA
more than 30 minutes, and at the end of the work period. 99:5.1.10.9.2]
Test coupons shall be inspected on the I.D. and O.D. by
a qualified quality control inspector. Test coupons shall
1322.7 Prohibited Joints. The following joints shall be
prohibited throughout medical gas and vacuum distribution
«
also be welded at change of operator, weld head, weld- pipeline systems:
ing power supply, or gas source. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.5.1.7
– 5.1.10.5.1.9] (1) Flared and compression-type connections, including con-
» 1322.2 Welding for Stainless Tube. Stainless tube shall
be welded using metal inert gas (MIG) welding, tungsten inert
nections to station outlets and inlets, alarm devices, and
other components.
gas (TIG) welding, or other welding techniques suited to join- (2) Other straight-threaded connections, including unions.
ing stainless tube. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.5.2.1] (3) Pipe-crimping tools used to permanently stop the flow
» 1322.2.1 Qualifications. Welders shall be qualified to
Section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel
of medical gas and vacuum piping.
(4) Removable and nonremovable push-fit fittings that
Code. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.5.2.2] employ a quick assembly push fit connector. [NFPA
» 1322.3 Memory Metal Fittings. Memory metal fittings
having a temperature rating not less than 1000°F (538°C) and
99:5.1.10.10]

a pressure rating not less than 300 psi (2068 kPa) shall be per- 1323.0 Installation of Piping and Equipment. «
mitted to be used to join copper or stainless steel tube. Mem-
ory metal fittings shall be installed by qualified technicians in 1323.1 Required Pipe Sizing. Piping systems shall be
designed and sized to deliver the required flow rates at the
«
accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. [NFPA
99:5.1.10.6.1, 5.1.10.6.2] utilization pressures. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.1.1]

» 1322.4 Axially Swaged Fittings. Axially swaged, elastic 1323.1.1 Mains and Branches. Mains and branches
in medical gas piping systems shall be not less than
«
strain preload fittings providing metal-to-metal seals, having
a temperature rating not less than 1000°F (538°C) and a pres- DN15 (NPS 1⁄2) (5⁄8 inch O.D.) size. Mains and branches
sure rating not less than 300 psi (2068 kPa), and that, when in medical-surgical vacuum systems shall be not less
complete, are permanent and nonseparable shall be permit- than DN20 (NPS 3⁄4) (7⁄8 inch O.D.) size. [NFPA
ted to be used to join copper or stainless steel tube. Axially 99:5.1.10.11.1.2, 5.1.10.11.1.3]
swaged, elastic strain preload fittings shall be installed by
qualified technicians in accordance with the manufacturer’s
1323.1.2 Drops to Individual Stations. Drops to indi-
vidual station outlets and inlets shall be not less than DN15
«
instructions. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.7.1, 5.1.10.7.2] (NPS 1⁄2) (5⁄8 inch O.D.) size. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.1.4]
» 1322.5 Threaded Fittings. Threaded fittings shall meet the
following criteria:
1323.1.3 Runouts and Connecting Tubing. «
Runouts to alarm panels and connecting tubing for
(1) They shall be limited to connections for pressure and gauges and alarm devices shall be permitted to be DN8
vacuum indicators, alarm devices, gas-specific demand (NPS 1⁄4) (3⁄8 inch O.D.) size. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.1.5]

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» 1323.1.4 Maximum Demand. Where the maximum

demand for each medical gas or vacuum system does not
TABLE 1323.1.5(2)
MAXIMUM PERMITTED PRESSURE LOSS IN
«
exceed the values in Table 1323.1.4(1) through Table MEDICAL GAS AND MEDICAL VACUUM SYSTEMS
1323.1.4(6), the size of pipe of each section of the system TYPE OF SYSTEM
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE SYSTEM
PRESSURE LOSS (psi)
shall be determined in accordance with Section 1323.1.5.
Medical Air 5
The size for systems beyond the range of Table
1323.1.4(1) through Table 1323.1.4(6) shall be deter- Nitrogen 15
mined in accordance with Section 1323.1.6. Nitrous Oxide 5

» 1323.1.5 Sizing Procedures. The size of each section

of pipe in a system within the range of Table 1323.1.4(1)
Carbon Dioxide
Oxygen
5
5
through Table 1324.1.4(6) shall be determined in accor- Medical Vacuum 4 inches of mercury
dance with the following: For SI units: 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa, 1 inch of mercury
= 3.386 kPa
(1) Determine the total flow rate and number of outlets
or inlets for each section of pipe in accordance with
Table 1305.2 and Table 1305.3. 1323.1.6 Engineering Methods. For conditions other
than those covered by Section 1323.1.4, such as longer
«
(2) Measure the length of the section of pipe to each sta-
runs of greater gas or vacuum demands, the size of each
tion outlet or inlet on the system. Multiply the meas-
medical gas or vacuum piping system shall be deter-
ured pipe length by 1.5 (150 percent), to account for
mined by standard engineering methods acceptable to the
the number of fittings in the system, to determine Authority Having Jurisdiction, and each system shall be
the pipe equivalent length. so designed that the total pressure drop or gain between
(3) Beginning with the most remote outlet or inlet, mul- the source equipment and an outlet or inlet shall not
tiply the total flow rate by the diversity factor spec- exceed the allowable pressures shown in Table 1305.1.
ified in Table 1323.1.5(1) for each section of pipe
to determine the sizing flow rate for the piping.
1323.2 Pipe Protection. Piping shall be protected against
freezing, corrosion, and physical damage. [NFPA
«
(4) Select Table 1323.1.4(1) through Table 1324.1.4(6) 99:5.1.10.11.2]
based on the medical gas or vacuum being trans-
ported through the piping.
1323.2.1 Exposed Piping. Piping exposed in corri-
dors and other areas where subject to physical damage
«
(5) Select an estimated pipe size for determining the from the movement of carts, stretchers, portable equip-
system pressure loss. Multiply the pipe equivalent ment, or vehicles shall be protected. [NFPA
length, for a given section of pipe, by the pressure 99:5.1.10.11.2.1]
loss for the sizing flow rate in the applicable table. 1323.2.2 Underground Piping. Piping underground
within buildings or embedded in concrete floors or walls
«
Divide that number by 100 to determine the system
pressure loss for the section of pipe. shall be installed in a continuous conduit. [NFPA
99:5.1.10.11.2.2]
(6) Add the pressure loss for each section of piping,
from the source equipment location to the outlet or
1323.3 Location of Piping. Piping risers shall be permit-
ted to be installed in pipe shafts if protected from physical
«
inlet, to determine the total system pressure loss to damage, effects of excessive heat, corrosion, or contact with
each outlet or inlet. The total system pressure loss oil. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.3.1]
in the piping to each outlet or inlet shall not exceed
the values specified in Table 1323.1.5(2).
1323.3.1 Prohibited Locations. Piping shall not be
installed in kitchens, stairwells, elevator shafts, elevator
«
machine rooms, areas with open flames, electrical service
» TABLE 1323.1.5(1)
SYSTEM SIZING – FLOW REQUIREMENTS FOR
equipment over 600 volts, and areas prohibited California
Electrical Code except for the following locations:
STATION OUTLETS AND INLETS1
(1) Room locations for medical air compressor supply
NUMBER OF DIVERSITY
OUTLETS AND PERCENTAGE OF
MINIMUM PERMISSIBLE systems and medical-surgical vacuum pump supply
INLETS AVERAGE FLOW
SYSTEM FLOW OF ALL
PRESSURIZED MEDICAL
systems
TERMINAL PER OUTLETS
GAS SYSTEMS2 (2) Room locations for secondary distribution circuit
UNITS PER AND INLETS
FACILITY TERMINAL UNITS (standard cubic feet per minute) panels and breakers having a maximum voltage rat-
ing of 600 volts [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.3.2]
1–10
11–25
100%
75%
Actual Demand
7.0
1323.3.2 Approved Locations. Medical gas piping
shall be permitted to be installed in the same service
«
26–50 50% 13.1 trench or tunnel with fuel gas lines, fuel oil lines, elec-
51–100 50% 17.5 trical lines, steam lines, and similar utilities, provided
Notes: that the space is ventilated (naturally or mechanically)
1
Flow rates of station outlets and inlets in accordance with Table 1305.2. and the ambient temperature around the medical gas pip-
2
The minimum system flow is the average outlets and inlets flow times ing is limited to 130°F (54°C) maximum. [NFPA
the number of station outlets and inlets times the diversity percentage. 99:5.1.10.11.3.3]

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 283

HEALTH CARE FACILITIES AND MEDICAL GAS AND MEDICAL VACUUM SYSTEMS

» TABLE 1323.1.4(1)
PRESSURE LOSS FOR MEDICAL AIR
TABLE 1323.1.4(2)
PRESSURE LOSS FOR NITROGEN
«
FLOW RATE PRESSURE DROP (psi) PER 100 FEET2 FLOW RATE PRESSURE DROP (psi) PER 100 FEET2
(SCFM)1 1
⁄2 INCH PIPE 3
⁄4 INCH PIPE 1 INCH PIPE (SCFM)1 1 3
⁄2 INCH PIPE ⁄4 INCH PIPE 1 INCH PIPE
0.35 0.004 0.001 – 5.30 0.126 0.024 –
0.71 0.012 0.003 – 10.59 0.430 0.082 –
1.06 0.023 0.005 –
15.89 0.886 0.168 –
1.41 0.037 0.007 –
21.19 1.485 0.281 –
1.77 0.055 0.011 –
26.48 2.220 0.419 –
2.12 0.075 0.015 –
2.47 0.097 0.019 – 31.78 3.089 0.581 –
2.82 0.123 0.024 – 37.08 4.087 0.766 –
3.18 0.151 0.029 – 42.37 – 0.975 –
3.53 0.181 0.035 – 47.67 – 1.206 –
4.24 0.249 0.048 – 52.97 – 1.460 0.361
4.94 0.326 0.063 – 58.26 – 1.736 0.429
5.65 0.413 0.080 – 63.56 – 2.033 0.502
6.36 0.507 0.098 –
68.85 – 2.352 0.580
7.06 0.611 0.118 0.030
74.15 – 2.692 0.663
7.77 0.723 0.139 0.035
79.45 – 3.054 0.752
8.47 0.843 0.162 0.041
9.18 0.969 0.187 0.047 84.74 – 3.436 0.845
9.89 1.108 0.212 0.053 90.04 – 3.840 0.943
10.59 1.252 0.240 0.060 95.34 – 4.264 1.046
12.36 1.647 0.315 0.079 100.63 – 4.709 1.154
14.12 2.090 0.398 0.100 105.93 – – 1.267
15.89 2.580 0.490 0.123 116.52 – – 1.508
17.66 3.116 0.591 0.148 127.12 – – 1.768
19.42 – 0.701 0.176 137.71 – – 2.046
21.19 – 0.818 0.205
148.30 – – 2.344
22.95 – 0.944 0.236
158.90 – – 2.660
24.72 – 1.078 0.268
169.49 – – 2.994
28.25 – 1.369 0.341
31.78 – 1.690 0.421 180.08 – – 3.347
35.31 – 2.043 0.509 190.67 – – 3.719
38.84 – 2.425 0.603 201.27 – – 4.108
42.37 – 2.838 0.705 211.86 – – 4.516
45.90 – 3.280 0.814 222.45 – – 4.942
49.43 – 3.751 0.929 233.05 – – –
52.97 – 4.249 1.052 243.64 – – –
56.50 – – 1.181
254.23 – – –
60.03 – – 1.318
264.83 – – –
63.56 – – 1.461
275.42 – – –
67.09 – – 1.611
70.62 – – 1.768 286.01 – – –
81.21 – – 2.276 296.60 – – –
88.28 – – 2.647 307.20 – – –
95.34 – – 3.044 317.79 – – –
For SI units: 1 standard cubic foot per minute = 28.32 SLPM, 1 inch = 25 mm, For SI units: 1 standard cubic foot per minute = 28.32 SLPM, 1 inch = 25 mm,
1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa
Notes: Notes:
1 1
Based on the pressure of 14.7 psig (101 kPa) at 68°F (20°C). Based on the pressure of 14.7 psig (101 kPa) at 68°F (20°C).
2 2
Based on the pressure of 55 psig (379 kPa) at 68°F (20°C). Based on the pressure of 55 psig (379 kPa) at 68°F (20°C).

284 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

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» TABLE 1323.1.4(3)
PRESSURE LOSS FOR NITROUS OXIDE AND CARBON DIOXIDE
TABLE 1323.1.4(4)
PRESSURE LOSS FOR OXYGEN
«
FLOW RATE PRESSURE DROP (psi) PER 100 FEET2 FLOW RATE PRESSURE DROP (psi) PER 100 FEET2
(SCFM)1 1
⁄2 INCH PIPE 3
⁄4 INCH PIPE 1 INCH PIPE (SCFM)1 1
⁄2 INCH PIPE 3
⁄4 INCH PIPE 1 INCH PIPE

0.35 0.004 – – 0.35 0.004 – –

0.71 0.014 – – 0.71 0.013 0.003 –
1.06 0.029 – – 1.06 0.025 0.005 –
1.41 0.047 – – 1.41 0.041 0.008 –
1.77 0.070 – – 1.77 0.060 0.012 –
2.12 0.096 – – 2.12 0.082 0.016 –
2.47 0.125 – – 2.47 0.107 0.021 –
2.82 0.159 – – 2.82 0.135 0.026 –
3.18 0.195 – – 3.18 0.166 0.032 –
3.53 0.235 0.045 – 3.53 0.199 0.038 –
4.24 0.324 0.062 – 4.24 0.274 0.053 –
4.94 0.425 0.081 – 4.94 0.359 0.069 –
5.65 0.539 0.103 – 5.65 0.454 0.087 –
6.36 0.664 0.127 – 6.36 0.558 0.107 –
7.06 0.672 0.129 0.033
7.06 0.802 0.153 0.038
7.77 0.795 0.153 0.039
7.77 0.950 0.181 0.045
8.47 0.927 0.179 0.045
8.47 1.110 0.211 0.053
9.18 1.066 0.205 0.052
9.18 1.281 0.243 0.061
9.89 1.218 0.233 0.059
9.89 1.463 0.278 0.070
10.59 1.377 0.263 0.066
10.59 1.656 0.314 0.079
12.36 1.811 0.346 0.087
12.36 2.186 0.413 0.103
14.12 2.298 0.438 0.110
14.12 2.752 0.525 0.131
15.89 2.837 0.539 0.135
15.89 3.442 0.648 0.162
17.66 3.456 0.650 0.163
17.66 4.166 0.783 0.195
19.42 – 0.771 0.193
19.42 – 0.929 0.231
21.19 – 0.900 0.225
21.19 – 0.744 0.270
22.95 – 1.038 0.260
22.95 – 0.858 0.312
24.72 – 1.185 0.295
24.72 – 0.980 0.356 28.25 – 1.505 0.375
28.25 – 1.244 0.453 31.78 – 1.859 0.463
31.78 – 1.537 0.560 35.31 – 2.247 0.559
35.31 – 1.858 0.677 38.84 – 2.667 0.663
38.84 – 2.205 0.804 42.37 – 3.121 0.775
42.37 – 2.581 0.941 45.90 – 3.607 0.895
45.90 – 2.982 1.088 49.43 – 4.125 1.022
49.43 – 3.411 1.245 52.97 – – 1.157
52.97 – 4.249 1.411 56.50 – – 1.299
56.50 – – 1.587 60.03 – – 1.449
60.03 – – 1.772 63.56 – – 1.607
63.56 – – 1.967 67.09 – – 1.772
67.09 – – 2.174 70.62 – – 1.944
70.62 – – 2.385 81.21 – – 2.503
79.45 – – 2.959 91.81 – – 3.127
88.28 – – 3.589 102.40 – – 3.813
For SI units: 1 standard cubic foot per minute = 28.32 SLPM, 1 inch = 25 mm, For SI units: 1 standard cubic foot per minute = 28.32 SLPM, 1 inch = 25 mm,
1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa
Notes: Notes:
1 1
Based on the pressure of 14.7 psig (101 kPa) at 68°F (20°C). Based on pressure of 14.7 psig (101 kPa) at 68°F (20°C).
2 2
Based on the pressure of 55 psig (379 kPa) at 68°F (20°C). Based on pressure of 55 psig (379 kPa) at 68°F (20 °C).

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 285

HEALTH CARE FACILITIES AND MEDICAL GAS AND MEDICAL VACUUM SYSTEMS

» TABLE 1323.1.4(5)
PRESSURE LOSS FOR VACUUM
TABLE 1323.1.4(5)
PRESSURE LOSS FOR VACUUM (continued)
«
VACUUM LOSS (inch of mercury) VACUUM LOSS (inch of mercury)
FLOW
FLOW PER 100 FEET FOR COPPER TUBE2 PER 100 FEET FOR COPPER TUBE2
RATE RATE
3
(SCFM)1 ⁄4 INCH 1 INCH 11⁄4 INCH 11⁄2 INCH 2 INCH
(SCFM)1 3
⁄4 INCH 1 INCH 11⁄4 INCH 11⁄2 INCH 2 INCH
TUBE TUBE TUBE TUBE TUBE
TUBE TUBE TUBE TUBE TUBE
49.43 – – – 3.645 0.956
0.35 0.019 – – – –
52.97 – – – 4.122 1.081
0.71 0.061 – – – – 56.50 – – – 4.626 1.212
1.06 0.120 – – – – 63.56 – – – – 1.495
1.41 0.194 – – – – 70.62 – – – – 1.803
1.77 0.284 – – – – 77.68 – – – – 2.138
84.74 – – – – 2.497
2.12 0.387 – – – –
91.81 – – – – 2.882
2.47 0.504 – – – – 98.87 – – – – 3.291
2.82 0.634 – – – – 105.93 – – – – 3.724
3.18 0.777 – – – – 112.99 – – – – 4.181
For SI units: 1 standard cubic foot per minute = 28.32 SLPM, 1 inch = 25 mm,
3.53 0.932 0.238 – – – 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 inch of mercury = 3.386 kPa
4.24 1.277 0.325 – – – Notes:
1
4.94 1.669 0.424 – – – Based on the pressure of 14.7 psig (101 kPa) at 68°F (20°C).
2
Based on the pressure of 19 inches of mercury gauge vacuum (64 kPa)
5.65 2.106 0.534 – – – at 68°F (20°C).
6.36 2.586 0.655 – – –
7.06 3.110 0.787 0.272 – –
7.77 3.674 0.929 0.321 – –
8.47 4.280 1.081 0.373 – – TABLE 1323.1.4(6)
PRESSURE LOSS FOR VACUUM (CATEGORY 3)
«
9.18 4.927 1.243 0.429 – –
VACUUM LOSS (inch of mercury)
9.89 – 1.416 0.488 – – FLOW
PER 100 FEET FOR PLASTIC TUBE2
RATE
10.59 – 1.597 0.551 0.242 – (SCFM)1
3
⁄4 INCH 1 INCH 11⁄4 INCH 11⁄2 INCH 2 INCH
11.30 – 1.789 0.616 0.270 – TUBE TUBE TUBE TUBE TUBE

12.01 – 1.990 0.685 0.300 – 0.35 0.005 – – – –

12.71 – 2.200 0.757 0.332 – 0.71 0.010 – – – –
1.06 0.015 – – – –
13.42 – 2.419 0.832 0.365 –
1.41 0.021 – – – –
14.12 – 2.648 0.911 0.399 –
1.77 0.026 – – – –
14.83 – 2.886 0.992 0.435 –
2.12 0.060 0.010 – – –
15.54 – 3.132 1.077 0.471 – 2.47 0.077 0.020 – – –
16.24 – 3.388 1.164 0.510 – 2.82 0.096 0.025 – – –
16.95 – 3.652 1.254 0.549 – 3.18 0.118 0.031 0.011 – –
17.66 – 3.925 1.348 0.590 – 3.53 0.141 0.036 0.013 – –
18.36 – 4.207 1.444 0.632 0.167 4.24 0.192 0.050 0.017 – –
19.07 – 4.498 1.543 0.675 0.179 4.94 0.249 0.064 0.023 0.010 –
19.77 – 4.797 1.646 0.720 0.190 5.65 0.313 0.081 0.028 0.012 –
20.48 – – 1.751 0.766 0.202 6.36 0.383 0.099 0.035 0.015 –
7.06 0.459 0.118 0.041 0.018 –
21.19 – – 1.859 0.813 0.214
7.77 0.541 0.139 0.049 0.021 –
24.72 – – 2.441 1.066 0.281
8.47 0.628 0.161 0.056 0.024 –
28.25 – – 3.092 1.350 0.356
9.18 0.722 0.185 0.065 0.027 –
31.78 – – 3.811 1.662 0.438
9.89 0.821 0.210 0.073 0.031 –
35.31 – – 4.596 2.004 0.527 10.59 0.925 0.237 0.083 0.035 –
38.84 – – – 2.373 0.624 11.30 1.035 0.265 0.092 0.039 0.010
42.37 – – – 2.770 0.728 12.01 1.151 0.294 0.102 0.043 0.011
45.90 – – – 3.194 0.838 12.71 1.270 0.324 0.113 0.048 0.012

286 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

HEALTH CARE FACILITIES AND MEDICAL GAS AND MEDICAL VACUUM SYSTEMS

» TABLE 1323.1.4(6)
PRESSURE LOSS FOR VACUUM (CATEGORY 3) (continued)
1323.4.2 Copper Tube. Supports for copper tube shall
be sized for copper tube. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.4.3]
«
FLOW
RATE
VACUUM LOSS (inch of mercury)
PER 100 FEET FOR PLASTIC TUBE2
1323.4.3 Damp Locations. In potentially damp loca-
tions, copper tube hangers or supports that are in contact
«
3
(SCFM)1 ⁄4 INCH 1 INCH 11⁄4 INCH 11⁄2 INCH 2 INCH
TUBE TUBE TUBE TUBE TUBE with the tube shall be plastic-coated or otherwise be elec-
trically insulated from the tube by a material that will not
13.42 1.396 0.356 0.124 0.052 0.014
absorb moisture. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.4.5]
14.12
14.83
1.525
1.662
0.389
0.424
0.135
0.147
0.057
0.062
0.015
0.016
1323.4.4 Maximum Spacing. Maximum support
spacing shall be in accordance with Table 1323.4.4.
«
15.54 1.803 0.460 0.160 0.068 0.017 [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.4.6]
16.24 1.948 0.496 0.172 0.073 0.019 1323.4.5 Seismic Provisions. Where required, med-
ical gas and vacuum piping shall be seismically
«
16.95 2.099 0.535 0.186 0.078 0.020
restrained against earthquakes in accordance with the
17.66 2.256 0.574 0.199 0.084 0.022
applicable building code. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.4.7]
18.36
19.07
2.415
2.581
0.615
0.657
0.213
0.228
0.090
0.096
0.023
0.025
1323.5 Frost Protection. Buried piping outside of build-
ings shall be installed below the local level of frost penetra-
«
19.77 2.750 0.699 0.243 0.102 0.026 tion. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.5.1]
20.48
21.19
2.925
3.106
0.744
0.790
0.258
0.274
0.109
0.115
0.028
0.030
TABLE 1323.4.4
MAXIMUM PIPE SUPPORT SPACING
«
[NFPA 99: TABLE 5.1.10.11.4.6]
24.72 4.074 1.034 0.358 0.151 0.039
HANGER
28.25 – 1.307 0.452 0.190 0.049 PIPE SIZE SPACING
31.78 – 1.608 0.556 0.234 0.060 (feet)
DN8 (NPS 1⁄4) (3⁄8 of an inch O.D.) 5
35.31 – 1.936 0.669 0.281 0.072
DN10 (NPS ⁄8)
3
(1⁄2 of an inch O.D.) 6
38.84 – 2.291 0.791 0.332 0.085
DN15 (NPS ⁄2)
1
(5⁄8 of an inch O.D.) 6
42.37 – 2.672 0.922 0.387 0.099 DN20 (NPS ⁄4)
3
(7⁄8 of an inch O.D.) 7
45.90 – 3.078 1.062 0.446 0.113 DN25 (NPS 1) (11⁄8 of an inch O.D.) 8
49.43 – 3.510 1.211 0.508 0.129 DN32 (NPS 1 ⁄4) (13⁄8 of an inch O.D.)
1
9
52.97 – 3.969 1.368 0.574 0.146 DN40 and
(NPS 11⁄2) (15⁄8 of an inch O.D.) 10
larger
56.50 – 4.450 1.534 0.643 0.163
Vertical risers, all sizes, every floor, but not to
63.56 – – 1.890 0.792 0.201 15
exceed:
70.62 – – 2.278 0.954 0.242 For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm
77.68 – – 2.699 1.130 0.286
84.74
91.81
–
–
–
–
3.151
3.634
1.318
1.520
0.334
0.385
1323.5.1 Backfilling and Trenching. The installa-
tion procedure for underground piping shall protect the
«
98.87 – – 4.148 1.734 0.439 piping from physical damage while being backfilled.
105.93 – – 4.691 1.961 0.496 [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.5.2]
112.99 – – – 2.200 0.556 1323.5.2 Conduit, Cover, or Enclosure. If under-
ground piping is protected by a conduit, cover, or other
«
For SI units: 1 standard cubic foot per minute = 28.32 SLPM, 1 inch = 25 mm,
1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 inch of mercury = 3.386 kPa
enclosure, the following requirements shall be met:
Notes: (1) Access shall be provided at the joints for visual
1
Based on the pressure of 14.7 psig (101 kPa) at 68°F (20°C). inspection and leak testing.
2
Based on the pressure of 19 inches of mercury gauge vacuum (64 kPa) at (2) The conduit, cover, or enclosure shall be self-drain-
68°F (20°C).
ing and not retain groundwater in prolonged contact

» 1323.3.3 Prohibited Contact with Oil. Medical gas

piping shall not be located where subject to contact with
with the pipe. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.5.3]
1323.5.3 Excessive Stresses. Buried piping that will «
be subject to surface loads shall be buried at a depth that
oil, including a possible flooding area in the case of a will protect the piping or its enclosure from excessive
major oil leak. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.3.4]
» 1323.4 Pipe Support. Piping shall be supported from the
building structure. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.4.1]
stresses. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.5.4]
1323.5.4 Minimum Backfill. The minimum backfilled «
cover above the top of the pipe or its enclosure for buried
» 1323.4.1 Hangers and Supports. Hangers and sup-
ports shall comply with and be installed in accordance
piping outside of buildings shall be 36 inches (914 mm),
except that the minimum cover shall be permitted to be
with MSS SP-58. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.4.2] reduced to 18 inches (457 mm) where there is no poten-

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 287

HEALTH CARE FACILITIES AND MEDICAL GAS AND MEDICAL VACUUM SYSTEMS

tial for damage from surface loads or surface conditions.

[NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.5.5]
1323.8 Manufacturer’s Instructions. The installation of
individual components shall be made in accordance with the
«
» 1323.5.5 Trenches. Trenches shall be excavated so that
the pipe or its enclosure has firm, substantially continu-
instructions of the manufacturer. Manufacturer’s instructions
shall include directions and information deemed by the man-
ous bearing on the bottom of the trench. [NFPA ufacturer to be adequate for attaining proper operation, test-
99:5.1.10.11.5.6] ing, and maintenance of the medical gas and vacuum systems.
» 1323.5.6 Composition of Backfill. Backfill shall be
Copies of the manufacturer’s instructions shall be left with
the system owner. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.8.1 – 5.1.10.11.8.3]
clean, free from material that can damage the pipe, and
compacted. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.5.7] 1323.9 Changes in System Use. Where a positive-pres- «
» 1323.5.7 Marker. A continuous tape or marker placed
immediately above the pipe or its enclosure shall clearly
sure medical gas piping distribution system originally used
or constructed for use at one pressure and for one gas is con-
verted for operation at another pressure or for another gas, all
identify the pipeline by specific name. [NFPA provisions of Section 1318.0 through Section 1323.12 shall
99:5.1.10.11.5.8]
» 1323.5.8 Warning. A continuous warning means shall
also be provided above the pipeline at approximately
apply as if the system were new. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.9.1]
1323.9.1 Medical Vacuum System. A vacuum sys- «
tem shall not be permitted to be converted for use as a
one-half the depth of burial. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.5.9] gas system. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.9.2]
» 1323.5.9 Wall Sleeve. Where underground piping is
installed through a wall sleeve, the outdoor end of the
1323.10 Qualifications of Installers. The installation of «
medical gas and vacuum systems shall be made by qualified,
sleeve shall be sealed to prevent the entrance of ground- competent technicians who are experienced in performing
water into the building. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.5.10] such installations, including all personnel who actually install
» 1323.6 Connectors. Hose and flexible connectors, both
metallic and nonmetallic, shall be no longer than necessary
the piping system. Installers of medical gas and vacuum piped
distribution systems, all appurtenant piping supporting pump
and shall not penetrate or be concealed in walls, floors, ceil- and compressor source systems, and appurtenant piping sup-
ings, or partitions. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.6.1] porting source gas manifold systems not including perma-
» 1323.6.1 Flexible Connectors. Flexible connectors,
metallic or nonmetallic, shall have a minimum burst
nently installed bulk source systems, shall be certified in
accordance with ASSE 6010. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.10.1,
pressure, with a gauge pressure of 1000 psi (6895 kPa). 5.1.10.11.10.2]
[NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.6.2] 1323.10.1 Brazing. Brazing shall be performed by «
» 1323.6.2 Metallic Flexible Joints. Metallic flexible
joints shall be permitted in the pipeline where required
individuals who are qualified in accordance with Section
1323.11. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.10.5]
for expansion joints, seismic protection, thermal expan-
sion, or vibration control and shall be as follows:
1323.10.2 Documentation. Prior to any installation
work, the installer of medical gas and vacuum piping
«
(1) For all wetted surfaces, made of bronze, copper, or shall provide and maintain documentation on the job site
stainless steel. for the qualification of brazing procedures and individual
brazers that is required under Section 1323.11. [NFPA
(2) Cleaned at the factory for oxygen service and 99:5.1.10.11.10.6]
received on the job site with certification of cleanli-
ness. 1323.10.3 Health Care Organization Personnel.
Health care organization personnel shall be permitted to
«
(3) Suitable for service at 300 psig (2068 kPa) or above install piping systems if all of the requirements of Section
and able to withstand temperatures of 1000°F 1323.10 are met during the installation. [NFPA
(538°C). 99:5.1.10.11.10.7]
(4) Provided with brazing extensions to allow brazing
into the pipeline per Section 1321.0.
1323.11 Qualification of Brazing Procedures and
Brazing. Brazing procedures and brazer performance for the
«
(5) Supported with pipe hangers and supports as required installation of medical gas and vacuum piping shall be quali-
for their additional weight. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.6.3] fied in accordance with either Section IX, “Welding and Braz-
» 1323.7 Prohibited System Interconnections. Two or
more medical gas or vacuum piping systems shall not be
ing Qualifications,” of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel
Code, or AWS B2.2, both as modified by Section 1323.11.1
interconnected for installation, testing, or any other reason through Section 1323.11.4. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.11.1]
except as permitted by Section 1323.7.1. [NFPA
99:5.1.10.11.7.1]
1323.11.1 Examination. Brazers shall be qualified by
visual examination of the test coupon followed by sec-
«
» 1323.7.1 Medical Gas and Medical Vacuum. Med- tioning. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.11.2]
ical gas and vacuum systems with the same contents shall
be permitted to be interconnected with an inline valve
1323.11.2 Brazing Procedure Specification. The
brazing procedure specification shall address cleaning,
«
installed between the systems. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.7.2] joint clearance, overlap, internal purge gas, purge gas
» 1323.7.2 Leak Testing. Leak testing shall be accom- flow rate, and filler metal. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.11.3]
plished by separately charging and testing each individ-
ual piping system. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.7.3]
1323.11.3 Documentation. The brazing procedure
qualification record and the record of brazer performance
«
288 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
HEALTH CARE FACILITIES AND MEDICAL GAS AND MEDICAL VACUUM SYSTEMS

qualification shall document filler metal used, base met- in Table 1305.1, the operating pressure in addition to
als, cleaning, joint clearance, overlap, internal purge gas the name of the gas. [NFPA 99:5.1.11.1.1]
and flow rate during brazing of coupon, and absence of
internal oxidation in the completed coupon. [NFPA
1323.13.2 Location of Pipe Labeling. Pipe labels
shall be located as follows:
«
99:5.1.10.11.11.4]
» 1323.11.4 Procedures. Brazing procedures qualified
by a technically competent group or agency shall be per-
(1) At intervals of not more than 20 feet (6096 mm).
(2) At least once in or above every room.
mitted under the following conditions: (3) On both sides of walls or partitions penetrated by
the piping.
(1) The brazing procedure specification and the proce-
dure qualification records meet the requirements of (4) At least once in every story height traversed by ris-
this code. ers. [NFPA 99:5.1.11.1.2]
(2) The employer obtains a copy of both the brazing 1323.13.3 Paint. Medical gas piping shall not be
procedure specification and the supporting qualifi- painted. [NFPA 99:5.1.11.1.3]
cation records from the group or agency and signs 1323.14 Identification of Shutoff Valves. Shutoff valves
shall be identified with the following:
«
and dates these records, thereby accepting responsi-
bility for the qualifications that were performed by (1) Name or chemical symbol for the specific medical gas
the group or agency. or vacuum system.
(3) The employer qualifies at least one brazer follow- (2) Room or areas served.
ing each brazing procedure specification used. (3) Caution to not close or open valve except in emergency.
[NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.11.5] [NFPA 99:5.1.11.2.1]
» 1323.11.5 Conditions of Acceptance. An employer
shall be permitted to accept brazer qualification records
1323.14.1 Nonstandard Operating Pressures. «
Where positive pressure gas piping systems operate at
of a previous employer under the following conditions: pressures other than the standard gauge pressure of 50 psi
(1) The brazer has been qualified following the same or (345 kPa) to 55 psi (379 kPa) or a gauge pressure of 160
an equivalent procedure that the new employer uses. psi (1103 kPa) to 185 psi (1276 kPa) for nitrogen or
(2) The new employer obtains a copy of the record of instrument air, the valve identification shall also include
brazer performance qualification tests from the pre- the nonstandard operating pressure. [NFPA 99:5.1.11.2.2]
vious employer and signs and dates these records,
thereby accepting responsibility for the qualifica-
1323.14.2 Source Valves. Source valves shall be
labeled in substance as follows:
«
tions performed by the previous employer. [NFPA SOURCE VALVE
99:5.1.10.11.11.6] FOR THE (SOURCE NAME)
» 1323.11.6 Qualifications. Performance qualifications of
brazers shall remain in effect indefinitely, unless the brazer
[NFPA 99:5.1.11.2.3]
does not braze with the qualified procedure for a period
exceeding 6 months or there is a specific reason to question 1323.14.3 Main Line Valves. Main line valves shall be
labeled in substance as follows:
«
the ability of the brazer. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.11.11.7]
» 1323.12 Breaching or Penetrating Medical Gas Pip-
ing. Positive pressure patient medical gas piping and med-
MAIN LINE VALVE FOR THE
(GAS/VACUUM NAME)
ical support gas piping shall not be breached or penetrated by SERVING (NAME OF BUILDING)
any means or process that will result in residual copper par-
[NFPA 99:5.1.11.2.4]
ticles or other debris remaining in the piping or affect the oxy-
gen-clean interior of the piping. The breaching or penetrating
process shall ensure that any debris created by the process
remains contained within the work area. [NFPA
1323.14.4 Riser Valves. The riser valve(s) shall be
labeled in substance as follows:
«
99:5.1.10.11.12.1, 5.1.10.11.12.2] RISER FOR THE (GAS/VACUUM NAME)
» 1323.13 Labeling, Identification and Operating Pres-
sure. Color and pressure requirements shall be in accordance
SERVING (NAME OF THE AREA/BUILDING
SERVED BY THE PARTICULAR RISER)
with Table 1305.1. [NFPA 99:5.1.11] [NFPA 99:5.1.11.2.5]
» 1323.13.1 Pipe Labeling. Piping shall be labeled by
stenciling or adhesive markers that identify the patient
medical gas, the support gas, or the vacuum system and 1323.14.5 Service Valves. The service valve(s) shall
be labeled in substance as follows:
«
include the following:
SERVICE VALVE FOR THE
(1) Name of the gas or vacuum system or the chemical
symbol per Table 1305.1. (GAS/VACUUM NAME) SERVING
(2) Gas or vacuum system color code per Table 1305.1. (NAME OF THE AREA/BUILDING
(3) Where positive pressure gas piping systems operate SERVED BY THE PARTICULAR VALVE)
at pressures other than the standard gauge pressure [NFPA 99:5.1.11.2.6]

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 289

HEALTH CARE FACILITIES AND MEDICAL GAS AND MEDICAL VACUUM SYSTEMS

» 1323.14.6 Zone Valve Box. Zone valve box assem-

blies shall be labeled with the rooms, areas, or spaces that
tribution piping but before installation of station outlet/inlet
rough-in assemblies and other system components (e.g., pres-
they control as follows: sure/vacuum alarm devices, pressure/vacuum indicators,
ZONE VALVES FOR THE pressure relief valves, manifolds, source equipment). [NFPA
(GAS/VACUUM NAME) 99:5.1.12.2.2]
SERVING (NAME OF ROOMS OR SPACES 1324.5 Initial Pressure Tests – Medical Gas and Vac-
uum Systems. Each section of the piping in medical gas
«
SERVED BY THE PARTICULAR VALVE)
and vacuum systems shall be pressure tested. Initial pressure
Labeling shall either be visible from outside the
tests shall be conducted as follows:
zone valve box assembly through the cover or be repli-
cated on the outside, but not affixed to the removable (1) After blowdown of the distribution piping.
cover. [NFPA 99:5.1.11.2.7] (2) After installation of station outlet/inlet rough-in assem-
» 1323.15 Identification. Station outlets and inlets shall be
identified as to the name or chemical symbol for the specific
blies.
(3) Prior to the installation of components of the distribution
medical gas or vacuum provided. piping system that would be damaged by the test pres-
In sleep labs, where the outlet is downstream of a flow sure (e.g., pressure/vacuum alarm devices, pressure/vac-
control device, the station outlet identification shall include a uum indicators, line pressure relief valves). [NFPA
warning not to use the outlet for ventilating patients. 99:5.1.12.2.3.1, 5.1.12.2.3.2]
Where medical gas systems operate at pressures other
than the standard gauge pressure of 50 psi to 55 psi (345 kPa
1324.5.1 Shutoff Valve. The source shutoff valve shall
remain closed during tests specified in Section 1324.5
«
to 380 kPa) or a gauge pressure of 160 psi to 185 psi (1103 through Section 1324.5.1.2. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.2.3.3]
kPa to 1275 kPa) for nitrogen, the station outlet identification
shall include the nonstandard operating pressure in addition to
1324.5.1.1 Required Test Pressure. The test
pressure for pressure gases and vacuum systems
«
the name of the gas. [NFPA 99:5.1.11.3.1 – 5.1.11.3.2]
shall be 1.5 times the system operating pressure but
not less than a gauge pressure of 150 psi (1034 kPa).
» 1324.0 Performance Criteria and Testing Category 1
(Gases, Medical Surgical Vacuum).
The test pressure shall be maintained until each joint
has been examined for leakage by means of a leak
» 1324.1 Where Required. Inspection and testing shall be
performed on components, or portions thereof, of new, piped
detectant that is safe for use with oxygen and does
not contain ammonia. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.2.3.4,
medical gas or vacuum systems, additions, renovations, tem- 5.1.12.2.3.5]
porary installations, or repaired systems in accordance with
Section 1324.2 through Section 1324.5.11, and certified in
1324.5.1.2 Leaks. Leaks, if any, shall be located,
repaired (if permitted), replaced (if required), and
«
accordance with Section 1306.0. retested. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.2.3.6]
» 1324.2 Breached Systems. All systems that are breached
and components that are subject to additions, renovations, or
1324.5.2 Initial Cross-Connection Test. It shall be «
determined that no cross-connections exist between the
replacement (e.g., new gas sources: bulk, manifolds, com- various medical gas and vacuum piping systems. [NFPA
pressors, dryers, alarms) shall be inspected and tested. Sys- 99:5.1.12.2.4]
tems shall be deemed breached at the point of pipeline
intrusion by physical separation or by system component 1324.5.2.1 Atmospheric Pressure. All piping
systems shall be reduced to atmospheric pressure.
«
removal, replacement, or addition. Breached portions of the
systems subject to inspection and testing shall be confined to [NFPA 99:5.1.12.2.4.1]
only the specific altered zone and components in the imme-
diate zone or area that is located upstream for vacuum sys-
1324.5.2.2 Sources of Test Gas. Sources of test
gas shall be disconnected from all piping systems,
«
tems and downstream for pressure gases at the point or area except for the one system being tested. [NFPA
of intrusion. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.1.3 – 5.1.12.1.5] 99:5.1.12.2.4.2]
» 1324.2.1 Reports. The inspection and testing reports
shall be submitted directly to the party that contracted
1324.5.2.3 System to Be Charged. The system «
under test shall be charged with oil-free, dry nitro-
for the testing, who shall submit the report through chan- gen NF to a gauge pressure of 50 psi (345 kPa).
nels to the responsible facility authority and any others [NFPA 99:5.1.12.2.4.3]
that are required. Reports shall contain detailed listings of
all findings and results. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.1.6, 5.1.12.1.7]
1324.5.2.4 Check Outlets and Inlets. After the
installation of the individual faceplates with appro-
«
» 1324.3 Test Gas. The test gas shall be oil-free, dry nitrogen
NF. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.2.1.2]
priate adapters matching outlet/inlet labels, each indi-
vidual outlet/inlet in each installed medical gas and
» 1324.4 Initial Piping Blowdown. Piping in medical gas vacuum piping system shall be checked to determine
and vacuum distribution systems shall be blown clear by that the test gas is being dispensed only from the pip-
means of oil-free, dry nitrogen NF after installation of the dis- ing system being tested. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.2.4.4]

290 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

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» 1324.5.2.5 Repeat Test. The cross-connection

test referenced in Section 1324.5.2 shall be repeated
witnessed by an ASSE 6020 inspector, an ASSE 6030
verifier, or the Authority Having Jurisdiction or its
for each installed medical gas and vacuum piping designee. A form indicating that this test has been per-
system. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.2.4.5] formed and witnessed shall be provided to the verifier
» 1324.5.2.6 Identification of System. The proper
labeling and identification of system outlets/inlets
at the start of the tests required in Section 1324.5.7
through Section 1324.5.11. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.2.6.7]
shall be confirmed during these tests. [NFPA
99:5.1.12.2.4.6]
1324.5.5 Standing Pressure Tests – Medical Vac-
uum Piping Systems. After successful completion of
«
» 1324.5.3 Initial Piping Purge Tests. The outlets in
each medical gas piping system shall be purged to
the initial pressure tests under Section 1324.5 through
Section 1324.5.1.2, vacuum distribution piping shall be
remove any particulate matter from the distribution pip- subjected to a standing vacuum test. [NFPA
ing. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.2.5] 99:5.1.12.2.7]
» 1324.5.3.1 Procedure. Using appropriate 1324.5.5.1 Timeframe for Testing. Tests shall
be conducted after installation of all components of
«
adapters, each outlet shall be purged with an inter-
mittent high-volume flow of test gas until the purge the vacuum system. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.2.7.1]
produces no discoloration in a clean white cloth.
[NFPA 99:5.1.12.2.5.1]
1324.5.5.2 Length of Testing. The piping sys-
tems shall be subjected to a 24 hour standing vac-
«
» 1324.5.3.2 Location. The purging required in uum test. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.2.7.2]
Section 1324.5.3.1 shall be started at the closest out-
let/inlet to the zone valve and continue to the fur-
1324.5.5.3 Test Pressure. Test pressure shall be
between 12 inches (305 mm) HgV and full vacuum.
«
thest outlet/inlet within the zone. [NFPA [NFPA 99:5.1.12.2.7.3]

»
99:5.1.12.2.5.2]
1324.5.4 Standing Pressure Tests – for Positive
1324.5.5.4 Disconnection of Testing Source.
During the test, the source of test vacuum shall be
«
Pressure Medical Gas Piping Systems. After suc- disconnected from the piping system. [NFPA
cessful completion of the initial pressure tests under Sec- 99:5.1.12.2.7.4]
tion 1324.5 through Section 1324.5.1.2, medical gas
distribution piping shall be subjected to a standing pres- 1324.5.5.5 Conclusion of Test. At the conclu-
sion of the test, there shall be no change in the vac-
«
sure test. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.2.6]
» 1324.5.4.1 Time Frame for Testing. Tests shall
uum other than that attributed to changes of ambient
temperature. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.2.7.5]
be conducted after the final installation of station
outlet valve bodies, faceplates, and other distribu- 1324.5.5.6 Proof of Testing. The 24 hour standing
pressure test of the vacuum system shall be witnessed
«
tion system components (e.g. pressure alarm
devices, pressure indicators, line pressure relief by the Authority Having Jurisdiction or its designee.
valves, manufactured assemblies, hose). [NFPA A form indicating that this test has been performed
99:5.1.12.2.6.1] and witnessed shall be provided to the verifier at the
» 1324.5.4.2 Source Valve. The source valve shall
start of the tests required in Section 1324.5.7 through
Section 1324.5.11. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.2.7.6]

»
be closed during this test. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.2.6.2]
1324.5.4.3 Length of Testing. The piping sys-
1324.5.5.7 Leaks. Leaks, if any, shall be located,
repaired (if permitted) or replaced (if required), and
«
tems shall be subjected to a 24 hour standing pres-
sure test using oil-free, dry nitrogen NF. [NFPA retested. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.2.7.7]
99:5.1.12.2.6.3] 1324.5.6 System Inspection. System inspections
» 1324.5.4.4 Test Pressure. Test pressures shall be
20 percent above the normal system operating line
shall be performed prior to concealing piping distribu-
tion systems in walls, ceilings, chases, trenches, under-
pressure. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.2.6.4] ground, or otherwise hidden from view. [NFPA
» 1324.5.4.5 Conclusion of Test. The leakage
over the 24 hour test shall not exceed 0.5 percent of
99:5.1.12.3.1.1]
1324.5.6.1 Test Gas. The test gas shall be nitrogen
the starting pressure [e.g., 0.3 psi (2 kPa) starting at NF. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.3.1.2]
60 psig (414 kPa), 0.125 inch (3.2 mm) HgV start- 1324.5.6.2 Inspection Qualification. Inspec-
ing at 25 inches (635 mm) HgV] except that attrib- tions shall be conducted by a party technically com-
uted to specific changes of ambient temperature. petent and experienced in the field of medical gas
[NFPA 99:5.1.12.2.6.5] and vacuum pipeline inspections and testing and
» 1324.5.4.6 Leaks. Leaks, if any, shall be located,
repaired (if permitted) or replaced (if required), and
meeting the requirements of ASSE 6020, or ASSE
6030. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.3.1.3]
retested. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.2.6.6] 1324.5.6.3 Inspection Personnel. Inspections
» 1324.5.4.7 Proof of Testing. The 24 hour standing
pressure test of the positive pressure system shall be
shall be performed by a party other than the
installing contractor. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.3.1.4]

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 291

HEALTH CARE FACILITIES AND MEDICAL GAS AND MEDICAL VACUUM SYSTEMS

1324.5.6.4 Qualifications. Where systems have means that will allow detection of leaks in an active
not been installed by inhouse personnel, inspections vacuum system. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.4.9.3]
shall be permitted by personnel of the organization
who meet the requirements of Section 1324.5.6.2.
1324.5.9.2 Pressure Gases. For pressure gases,
immediately after the final brazed connection is
«
[NFPA 99:5.1.12.3.1.5] made and leak-tested, an outlet in the new piping
1324.5.6.5 Inspections. The initial pressure tests and an outlet in the existing piping that are immedi-
performed by the installing contractor shall be wit- ately downstream from the point or area of intrusion
nessed by an ASSE 6020 inspector, an ASSE 6030 shall be purged in accordance with the applicable
verifier, or the Authority Having Jurisdiction or its requirements of Section 1324.5.8. [NFPA
designee. A form indicating that this test has been per- 99:5.1.12.4.9.4]
formed and witnessed shall be provided to the verifier
at the start of the tests required in Section 1324.5.7 1324.5.9.3 Positive Pressure Gases. Before
the new work is used for patient care, positive pres-
«
through Section 1324.5.11. The presence and correct-
ness of labeling and valve tagging required by this sure gases shall be tested for operational pressure
code for all concealed components and piping distri- and gas concentration in accordance with Section
bution systems shall be inspected. [NFPA 1324.5.10 and Section 1324.5.11. [NFPA
99:5.1.12.3.2 – 5.1.12.3.2.2] 99:5.1.12.4.9.5]
» 1324.5.7 System Verification. Verification tests shall 1324.5.9.4 Permanent Records. Permanent
records of these tests shall be maintained in accor-
«
be performed only after all tests required in Section
1324.3 through Section 1324.5.5.7, Installer Performed dance with NFPA 99. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.4.9.6]
Tests, have been completed. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.4.1.1] 1324.5.10 Operational Flow Pressure Drop Test.
» 1324.5.7.1 Test Gas. The test gas shall be oil-free,
dry nitrogen NF or the system gas where permitted.
Operational flow pressure drop tests shall be performed
at each station outlet/inlet or terminal where the user
[NFPA 5.1.12.4.1.2] makes connections and disconnections. [NFPA 99:
» 1324.5.7.2 Approved Tester. Testing shall be 5.1.12.4.10]
conducted by a party technically competent and
experienced in the field of medical gas and vacuum
1324.5.10.1 Medical-Surgical Vacuum Inlets.
Medical-surgical vacuum inlets shall draw 3 SCFM
«
pipeline testing and meeting the requirements of (85 Nl/min) without reducing the vacuum pressure
ASSE 6030, except as required by Section below 12 inch (305 mm) gauge HgV at any adjacent
1324.5.7.3. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.4.1.3] station inlet. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.4.10.4]
Testing shall be performed by a party other than
the installing contractor. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.4.1.5]
1324.5.10.2 Oxygen and Medical Air Outlets.
Oxygen and medical air outlets serving Category 1
«
Where systems have not been installed by in- space shall allow a transient flow rate of 6 SCFM
house personnel, testing shall be permitted by per- (170 SLPM) for 3 seconds. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.4.10.5]
sonnel of that organization who meet the
requirements of Section 1324.5.7.2. [NFPA
1324.5.11 Medical Gas Concentration Test. After «
purging each system with the gas of system designation,
99:5.1.12.4.1.6]
the following shall be performed:
1324.5.7.3 Cryogenic Fluid Testing. Testing of
(1) Each pressure gas source and outlet shall be ana-
the cryogenic fluid central supply system shall be
lyzed for concentration of gas, by volume.
conducted by a party technically competent and
experienced in the field of cryogenic fluid systems (2) Analysis shall be conducted with instruments
and meeting the requirements of ASSE 6035, in designed to measure the specific gas dispensed.
accordance with the mandatory requirements in (3) Allowable concentrations shall be as indicated in
CGA M-1. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.4.1.4] Table 1324.5.11. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.4.11]
» 1324.5.8 Particulate Matter. In order to remove any
traces of particulate matter deposited in the pipelines as TABLE 1324.5.11 «
a result of construction, a heavy, intermittent purging of GAS CONCENTRATIONS
the pipeline shall be done. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.4.6] [NFPA 99: TABLE 5.1.12.4.11]

» 1324.5.9 Final Tie-In Test. Each joint in the final con-

nection between the new work and the existing system
MEDICAL GAS
Oxygen USP
CONCENTRATION
≥99% oxygen
shall be leak-tested with the gas of system designation at Oxygen 93 USP ≥90% oxygen ≤96%
the normal operating pressure by means of a leak detec- Nitrous oxide USP ≥99% nitrous oxide
tant that is safe for use with oxygen and does not contain Nitrogen NF ≤1% oxygen or ≥99% nitrogen
ammonia. [NFPA 99:5.1.12.4.9.2]
» 1324.5.9.1 Vacuum Joints. Vacuum joints shall
be tested using an ultrasonic leak detector or other
Medical air USP
Other gases
19.5% - 23.5% oxygen
Named gases by ±1%, or per specification

292 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

HEALTH CARE FACILITIES AND MEDICAL GAS AND MEDICAL VACUUM SYSTEMS

Part III – Category 2 Piped Gas and (2) The alarm panel shall be located in an area of continuous
Vacuum Systems. surveillance while the facility is in operation.
(3) Pressure and vacuum switches/sensors shall be mounted
1325.0 Category 2 Piped Gas and Vacuum Systems. at the source equipment with a pressure indicator at the
» 1325.1 General. Category 2 piped gas or piped vacuum sys-
tem requirements shall be permitted when all of the follow-
master alarm panel. [NFPA 99:5.2.9]
1325.11 Category 2 Distribution. Level 2 systems shall
ing criteria are met: comply with Section 1318.0 through Section 1323.12. [NFPA
99:5.2.10]
(1) Only moderate sedation; minimal sedation, as defined in
Chapter 2; or no sedation is performed. Deep sedation 1325.12 Labeling and Identification. Category 2 sys-
and general anesthesia shall not be permitted. tems shall comply with Section 1323.13 through Section
1323.15. [NFPA 99:5.2.11]
(2) The loss of the piped gas or piped vacuum systems is
likely to cause minor injury to patients, staff, or visitors. 1325.13 Performance Criteria and Testing — Cate-
gory 2 (Gas, Medical–Surgical and Vacuum). Category
(3) The facility piped gas or piped vacuum systems are 2 systems shall comply with Section 1324.0. [NFPA
intended for Category 2 patient care space as defined in 99:5.2.12]
Chapter 2. [NFPA 99:5.2.1.2]
1325.2 Nature of Hazards of Gas and Vacuum Sys-
Part IV – Category 3 Piped Gas and
tems. The requirement of Section 1307.2 shall apply to the
Vacuum Systems.
nature of hazards of gas and vacuum systems. [NFPA
99:5.2.2]
1325.3 Central Supply Systems. Category 2 systems 1326.0 Category 3 Piped Gas and Vacuum Systems.
shall comply with Section 1307.3 through Section 1309.13.
[NFPA 99:5.2.3.4]
1326.1 General. Category 3 piped gas and vacuum systems
shall be permitted when all of the following criteria are met:
«
» 1325.4 Category 2 Medical Air Supply Systems. Cat-
egory 2 systems shall comply with Section 1310.0 through
(1) Only moderate sedation; minimal sedation, as defined in
Chapter 2; or no sedation is performed. Deep sedation
Section 1311.6, except as follows: and general anesthesia are not performed.
(1) Medical air compressors, dryers, aftercoolers, filters, and (2) The loss of the piped gas and vacuum systems is not
regulators shall be permitted to be simplex. likely to cause injury to patients, staff, or visitors, but can
(2) The facility staff shall develop their emergency plan to cause discomfort.
deal with the loss of medical air. [NFPA 99:5.2.3.5] (3) The facility piped gas and vacuum systems are intended
1325.5 Oxygen Concentrators. Oxygen supply systems for Category 3 or Category 4 patient care rooms as
using concentrators shall be permitted to consist of two defined in Chapter 2. [NFPA 99:5.3.1.2]
sources, one of which shall be a cylinder header with suffi- 1326.2 Nature of Hazards of Gas and Vacuum Sys-
cient cylinder connections for one average day’s supply. tems. The requirement of Section 1307.2 shall apply to the
[NFPA 99:5.2.3.6] nature of hazards of gas and vacuum systems. [NFPA
» 1325.6 Category 2 Medical-Surgical Vacuum. Cate-
gory 2 systems shall comply with Section 1312.0 through
99:5.3.2]
1326.3 Medical Air Supply Systems. Category 3 sys-
Section 1313.5, except as follows: tems shall comply with Section 1310.0 through Section
(1) Medical-surgical vacuum systems shall be permitted to 1311.6, except as follows:
be simplex. (1) Medical air compressors, dryers, after coolers, filters, and
regulators shall be permitted to be simplex.
(2) The facility staff shall develop their emergency plan to
deal with the loss of medical-surgical vacuum. [NFPA (2) The facility staff shall develop their emergency plan to
99:5.2.3.7] deal with the loss of medical air. [NFPA 99:5.3.3.5]
1325.7 Valves. Category 2 systems shall comply with Sec- 1326.4 Oxygen Central Supply Systems Using Con-
tion 1314.0 through Section 1314.12.1. [NFPA 99:5.2.4] centrators. Category 3 oxygen supply systems using con-
centrators shall be permitted to consist of two sources, one of
1325.8 Station Outlets and Inlets. Category 2 systems which shall be a cylinder header with sufficient cylinder con-
shall comply with Section 1315.0. [NFPA 99:5.2.5] nections for one average day’s supply. [NFPA 99:5.3.3.6]
1325.9 Pressure and Vacuum Indicators. Category 2 1326.5 Medical–Surgical Vacuum. Category 3 systems
systems shall comply with Section 1316.2. [NFPA 99:5.2.8] shall comply with Section 1312.0 through Section 1313.5,
» 1325.10 Warning Systems (Category 2). Warning sys-
tems associated with Category 2 systems shall provide the
except as follows:
(1) Medical–surgical vacuum systems shall be permitted to
master, area, and local alarm functions of a Category 1 sys- be simplex.
tem as required in Section 1317.0, except as follows:
(2) The facility staff shall develop their emergency plan to
(1) Warning systems shall be permitted to be a single alarm deal with the loss of medical–surgical vacuum. [NFPA
panel. 99:5.3.3.7]

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 293

HEALTH CARE FACILITIES AND MEDICAL GAS AND MEDICAL VACUUM SYSTEMS

1326.6 Valves. Category 3 systems shall comply with Sec- (1) Warning systems shall be permitted to be a single alarm
tion 1314.0. [NFPA 99:5.3.4] panel.
1326.7 Station Outlets and Inlets. Category 3 systems (2) The alarm panel shall be located in an area of continuous
shall comply with Section 1315.0. [NFPA 99:5.3.5] surveillance while the facility is in operation.
1326.8 Pressure and Vacuum Indicators. Category 3 (3) Pressure and vacuum switches/sensors shall be mounted
systems shall comply with Section 1316.2. [NFPA 99:5.3.8] at the source equipment with a pressure indicator at the
1326.9 Warning Systems. Warning systems associated master alarm panel.
with Category 3 systems shall provide the master, area, and (4) Warning systems for medical gas systems shall provide
local alarm functions of a Category 1 system as required in the following alarms:
Section 1317.0, except as follows:
(a) Oxygen main line pressure low.
(1) Warning systems shall be permitted to be a single alarm
panel. (b) Oxygen main line pressure high.
(2) The alarm panel shall be located in an area of continuous (c) Oxygen changeover to secondary bank or about to
surveillance while the facility is in operation. changeover (if automatic).
(3) Pressure and vacuum switches/sensors shall be mounted (d) Nitrous oxide main line pressure low.
at the source equipment with a pressure indicator at the (e) Nitrous oxide main line pressure high.
master alarm panel. [NFPA 99:5.3.9]
(f) Nitrous oxide changeover to secondary bank or
1326.10 Distribution. Category 3 systems shall comply
about to changeover (if automatic).
with Section 1318.0 through Section 1323.12. [NFPA
99:5.3.10] (5) Audible and noncancelable alarm visual signals shall
1326.11 Labeling and Identification. Category 3 systems indicate if the pressure in the main line increases or
shall comply with Section 1323.13 through Section 1323.15. decreases 20 percent from the normal operating pressure.
[NFPA 99:5.3.11] (6) Visual indications shall remain until the situation that
caused the alarm is resolved.
Part V – Dental Gas and Vacuum Systems. (7) Pressure switches/sensors shall be installed downstream
of any emergency shutoff valves and any other shutoff
valves in the system and shall cause an alarm for the
1327.0 Dental Gas and Vacuum Systems.
medical gas if the pressure decreases or increases 20 per-
1327.1 General. Dental gas and vacuum systems shall com- cent from the normal operating pressure.
ply with this code and NFPA 99.
» 1327.2 Emergency Shutoff Valves (Oxygen and
Nitrous Oxide). Emergency shutoff valves shall be pro-
(8) A cancelable audible indication of each alarm condition
that produces a sound at the alarm panel shall reinitiate
the audible signal if another alarm condition occurs while
vided in accordance with the following:
the audible signal is silenced. [NFPA 99:15.4.2.10]
(1) Where a central medical gas supply is remote from a sin-
gle treatment facility, the main supply line shall be pro- 1327.4 Initial Pressure Test. Each section of the piping in
vided with an emergency shutoff valve located in the positive-pressure gas systems and copper vacuum systems
single treatment facility so as to be accessible from all shall be pressure tested. Plastic vacuum and plastic scaveng-
use-point locations in an emergency. ing piping shall not be pressure tested. [NFPA
99:15.4.7.4.4.1]
(2) Where a central medical gas supply system supplies two
treatment facilities, each facility shall be provided with 1327.4.1 Pressure Test. Initial pressure tests shall be
an emergency shutoff valve located in that treatment conducted as follows:
facility so as to be accessible from all use-point locations (1) After blowdown of the distribution piping
in an emergency. (2) After installation of station outlet/inlet rough-in
(3) Emergency shutoff valves shall be labeled to indicate the assemblies
gas controlled by the shutoff valve and shall shut off only
(3) Prior to the installation of components of the distri-
the gas to the treatment facility that they serve.
bution piping system that would be damaged by the
(4) A remotely activated shutoff valve at a gas supply man- test pressure (e.g., pressure/vacuum alarm devices,
ifold shall not be used for emergency shutoff. For clini- pressure/vacuum indicators, and line pressure relief
cal purposes, such a remote valve actuator shall not valves) [NFPA 99:15.4.7.4.4.2]
fail-close in the event of loss of electric power. Where
remote actuators are the type that fail-open, it shall be 1327.4.2 Source Shutoff Valve. The source shutoff
mandatory that cylinder shutoff valves be closed when- valve shall remain closed during the pressure tests.
ever the system is not in use. [NFPA 99:15.4.2.6.1 – [NFPA 99:15.4.7.4.4.3]
15.4.2.6.4.2] 1327.4.3 Test Pressure. The test pressure for oxygen
» 1327.3 Warning Systems (Oxygen and Nitrous
Oxide). Category 2 warning systems shall comply with Sec-
and nitrous oxide piping shall be 1.5 times the system
operating pressure but not less than a gauge pressure of
tion 1325.10 except as follows: 150 psi (1035 kPa). [NFPA 99:15.4.7.4.4.4]

294 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

HEALTH CARE FACILITIES AND MEDICAL GAS AND MEDICAL VACUUM SYSTEMS

1327.4.4 Examine for Leaks. The test pressure shall

be maintained until each joint has been examined for
1327.7.1 Tests Required. Tests shall be conducted
after the final installation of station outlet valve bodies,
«
leakage by means of a leak detectant that is safe for use faceplates, and other distribution system components
with oxygen and does not contain ammonia. [NFPA (e.g., pressure alarm devices, pressure indicators, line
99:15.4.7.4.4.5] pressure relief valves, manufactured assemblies, and
1327.4.5 Leaks Located. Any leaks shall be located, hoses). [NFPA 99:15.4.7.4.6.2]
repaired (if permitted), or replaced (if required) by the
installer, and retested. [NFPA 99:15.4.7.4.4.6]
1327.7.2 Source Valve. The source valve shall be
closed during this test. [NFPA 99:15.4.7.4.6.3]
«
1327.5 Maximum Copper Tube Support Spacing. The
maximum support spacing for copper tube shall be in accor-
1327.7.3 Piping Systems. The piping systems shall be
subjected to 24-hour standing pressure tests using oil-
«
dance with Table 1327.5. [NFPA 99:15.4.5.6.5] free, dry nitrogen NF. [NFPA 99:15.4.7.4.6.4]

TABLE 1327.5
1327.7.4 Test Pressure. Test pressures shall be 20 per-
cent above the normal system operating line pressure.
«
MAXIMUM COPPER TUBE SUPPORT SPACING [NFPA 99:15.4.7.4.6.5]
[NFPA 99: TABLE 15.4.5.6.5]
HANGER
1327.7.5 Change in Test Pressure. At the conclusion
of the tests, there shall be no change in the test pressure
«
PIPE SIZE SPACING
(feet) except that attributed to specific changes in ambient tem-
DN8 (NPS 1/4) (3/8 of an inch O.D.) 5 perature. [NFPA 99:15.4.7.4.6.6]
DN10 (NPS /8)
3
( /2 of an inch O.D.)
1
6 1327.7.6 Leaks. Any leaks shall be located, repaired (if
permitted), or replaced (if required) by the installer, and
«
DN15 (NPS 1/2) (5/8 of an inch O.D.) 6
retested. [NFPA 99:15.4.7.4.6.7]
DN20
DN25
(NPS 3/4)
(NPS 1)
(7/8 of an inch O.D.)
(1 /8 of an inch O.D.)
1
7
8
1327.8 Verifier Operational Pressure Test. Operational
pressure tests shall be performed at each station outlet or ter-
«
DN32 (NPS 1 /4) (1 /8 of an inch O.D.)
1 3
9 minal where the user makes connections and disconnections.
DN40 and [NFPA 99:15.4.7.5.8.1]
larger
(NPS 11/2) (15/8 of an inch O.D.)
Vertical risers, all sizes, every floor, but not to
10
1327.8.1 Test Gas. Tests shall be performed with the
gas of system designation. [NFPA 99:15.4.7.5.8.2]
«
15
exceed:
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm
1327.8.2 Medical Gas Outlets. All medical gas outlets
with a gauge pressure of 50 psi (345 kPa), including oxy-
«
gen and nitrous oxide, shall deliver 1.8 standard cubic feet
1327.6 Maximum Plastic Pipe Support Spacing. The per minute (SCFM) (50 SLPM) with a pressure drop of
maximum support spacing for plastic pipe shall be in accor- not more than 5 psi (34 kPa) and static pressure of 50 psi
dance with Table 1327.6. [NFPA 99:15.4.5.6.6] (345 kPa) to 55 psi (379 kPa). [NFPA 99:15.4.7.5.8.3]

» TABLE 1327.6
MAXIMUM PLASTIC PIPE SUPPORT SPACING
[NFPA 99: TABLE 15.4.5.6.6]
HANGER
PIPE SIZE SPACING
(feet)
DN15 (NPS 1⁄2) (5⁄8 of an inch O.D.) 4
DN20 (NPS 3⁄4) (7⁄8 of an inch O.D.) 4
DN25 (NPS 1) (11⁄8 of an inch O.D.) 4.33
DN32 (NPS 11⁄4) (13⁄8 of an inch O.D.) 4.33
DN40 (NPS 11⁄8) (15⁄8 of an inch O.D.) 4.66
DN50 (NPS 2) (23⁄8 of an inch O.D.) 4.66
DN65 and
(NPS 21⁄2) (27⁄8 of an inch O.D.) 5
larger
Vertical risers, all sizes, every floor, but not to
10
exceed:
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm

» 1327.7 Standing Pressure Tests for Oxygen and

Nitrous Oxide Piping. After successful completion of the
initial pressure tests in Section 1327.4, the gas distribution
piping shall be subject to a standing pressure test. [NFPA
99:15.4.7.4.6.1]

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 295

296 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
CHAPTER 14 - FIRESTOP PROTECTION
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter X X X X X X X

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
that are listed below
Chapter/Section

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 297

298 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
CHAPTER 14
FIRESTOP PROTECTION

1401.0 General. 1404.6 Sleeves. Where sleeves are used, the sleeves shall
1401.1 Applicability. Piping penetrations of required fire- be securely fastened to the fire-resistance-rated assembly. The
resistance-rated walls, partitions, floors, floor/ceiling assem- (inside) annular space between the sleeve and the penetrating
blies, roof/ceiling assemblies, or shaft enclosures shall be item and the (outside) annular space between the sleeve and
protected in accordance with the requirements of the building the fire-resistance-rated assembly shall be firestopped in
code, and this chapter. accordance with this chapter.

1402.0 Construction Documents. 1405.0 Noncombustible Piping Installations.

1402.1 Penetrations. Construction documents shall indi- 1405.1 General Requirements. Noncombustible piping
cate with sufficient detail how penetrations of fire-resistance- installations shall be protected in accordance with the appro-
rated assemblies shall be firestopped prior to obtaining design priate fire resistance rating requirements in the building code
approval. that list the acceptable area, height, and type of construction
for use in specific occupancies to ensure compliance and
integrity of the fire-resistance rating prescribed.
1403.0 Installation.
1405.2 Fire-Resistance Rating. Where penetrating a fire-
1403.1 Materials. Firestop systems shall be installed in resistance-rated wall, partition, floor, floor-ceiling assembly,
accordance with this chapter, the building code, and the man- roof-ceiling assembly, or shaft enclosure, the fire-resistance
ufacturer’s installation instructions. rating of the assembly shall be restored to its original rating.
Exceptions:
1404.0 Combustible Piping Installations. (1) Concrete, mortar, or grout shall be permitted to be used
1404.1 General Requirements. Combustible piping to fill the annular spaces around cast-iron, copper, cop-
installations shall be protected in accordance with the appro- per alloy, or steel piping that penetrates concrete or
priate fire resistance rating requirements in the building code masonry fire-resistant-rated assemblies. The nominal
that list the acceptable area, height, and type of construction diameter of the penetrating item shall not exceed 6 inches
for use in specific occupancies to assure compliance and (150 mm), and the opening size shall not exceed 144
integrity of the fire resistance rating prescribed. square inches (0.093 m2).
1404.2 Fire-Resistance Rating. Where penetrating a fire- The thickness of concrete, mortar, or grout shall be
resistance-rated wall, partition, floor, floor-ceiling assembly, the full thickness of the assembly or the thickness nec-
roof-ceiling assembly, or shaft enclosure, the fire-resistance essary to provide a fire-resistance rating not less than the
rating of the assembly shall be restored to its original rating. required fire-resistance rating of the assembly penetrated.
1404.3 Firestop Systems. Penetrations shall be protected (2) The material used to fill the annular space shall prevent
by an approved penetration firestop system installed as tested the passage of flame and hot gases capable of igniting
in accordance with ASTM E119, ASTM E814, UL 263, or UL cotton waste for the time period equivalent to the fire-
1479 with a positive pressure differential of not less than 0.01 resistance rating of the assembly, where tested to stan-
of an inch of water (0.002 kPa). Systems shall have an F rat- dard(s) referenced in Section 1405.3.
ing of not less than 1 hour but not less than the required fire- 1405.3 Firestop Systems. Penetrations shall be protected
resistance rating of the assembly being penetrated. Systems by an approved penetration firestop system installed as tested
protecting floor penetrations shall have a T rating of not less in accordance with ASTM E119, ASTM E814, UL 263, or
than 1 hour but not less than the required fire-resistance rating UL 1479 with a positive pressure differential of not less than
of the floor being penetrated. Floor penetrations contained 0.01 of an inch of water (0.002 kPa). Systems shall have an
within the cavity of a wall at the location of the floor penetra- F rating of not less than 1 hour but not less than the required
tion do not require a T rating. No T rating shall be required fire-resistance rating of the assembly being penetrated. Sys-
for floor penetrations by piping that is not in direct contact tems protecting floor penetrations shall have a T rating of not
with combustible material. less than 1 hour but not less than the required fire-resistance
1404.4 Connections. Where piping penetrates a rated rating of the floor being penetrated. Floor penetrations con-
assembly, the combustible piping shall not connect to non- tained within the cavity of a wall at the location of the floor
combustible piping unless it is capable of being demonstrated penetration do not require a T rating. No T rating shall be
that the transition is in accordance with Section 1404.3. required for floor penetrations by piping that is not in direct
1404.5 Insulation and Coverings. Insulation and cover- contact with combustible material.
ings on or in the penetrating item shall not be permitted unless 1405.4 Connections. Where piping penetrates a rated
the specific insulating or covering material has been tested as assembly, the combustible piping shall not connect to non-
part of the penetrating firestop system. combustible piping unless it is capable of being demonstrated

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 299

FIRESTOP PROTECTION

that the transition is in accordance with the requirements of

Section 1405.3.
1405.5 Unshielded Couplings. Unshielded couplings
shall not be used to connect noncombustible piping unless it
is capable of being demonstrated that the fire-resistive
integrity of the penetration is maintained.
1405.6 Sleeves. Where sleeves are used, the sleeves shall
be securely fastened to the fire-resistance-rated assembly. The
(inside) annular space between the sleeve and the penetrating
item and the (outside) annular space between the sleeve and
the fire-resistance-rated assembly shall be firestopped in
accordance with this chapter.
1405.7 Insulation and Coverings. Insulation and cover-
ings on or in the penetrating item shall not be permitted unless
the specific insulating or covering material has been tested as
part of the penetrating firestop system.

1406.0 Required Inspection.

1406.1 General. Prior to being concealed, piping penetra-
tions shall be inspected by the Authority Having Jurisdiction
to verify compliance with the fire-resistance rating prescribed
in the building code.
1406.2 Examination. The Authority Having Jurisdiction
shall conduct a thorough examination of sufficient represen-
tative installations, including destructive inspection, to pro-
vide verification of satisfactory compliance with this chapter,
the appropriate manufacturer’s installation instructions
applied by the installer, construction documents, specifica-
tions, and applicable manufacturer’s product information.
1406.3 Penetrations. The Authority Having Jurisdiction
shall determine the type, size, and quantity of penetrations to
be inspected.
1406.4 Field Installations. The Authority Having Juris-
diction shall compare the field installations with the docu-
mentation supplied by the installer to determine the following:
(1) The required F ratings (1 hour, 2 hour, 3 hour, or 4 hour)
and T ratings (0 hour, 1 hour, 2 hour, 3 hour, or 4 hour)
of the penetration firestop systems are at least the same
as the hourly rating of the assembly being penetrated.
(2) The penetrating firestop system includes the penetrating
item as documented through testing of the systems con-
ducted by an independent testing agency.
(3) The penetrating firestop system is installed as tested.

300 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
CHAPTER 15 - ALTERNATE WATER SOURCES FOR NONPOTABLE APPLICATIONS
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC

1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter X X X X X X X

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections X X
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
X X X
that are listed below
Chapter/Section
1501.0 X
1501.1 X X X X
1501.1.1 X X
1501.2 X
1501.2 & Exceptions X X X
1501.3 X
1501.3 & Exception X X X
1501.4 X
1501.5 X X X
Table 1501.5 X X †
1501.5 Exception only X
1501.5.1 X X X X
1501.6 X X X X
1501.7 X X X X
1501.8 X
1501.9 X X X X X
1501.9.1 X X X X
1501.9.2 X X X
1501.10 X
1502.0 X
1502.1 X X
1502.1 Exception only X
1502.3 X X
1502.3.2 X X
1502.3.3 X X
1502.4 Exception X
1502.5 - 1502.6 X
1503.0 X
1503.1 X X
1503.1.1 X
1503.1.2 - 1503.1.3 X X
1503.2 - 1503.2.3 X X
1503.3 & Exceptions X X X
1503.4 Exception X X
Table 1503.4 X X
1503.5 Exception X X

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 301

CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
CHAPTER 15 - ALTERNATE WATER SOURCES FOR NONPOTABLE APPLICATIONS (continued)
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC

1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter X X X X X X X

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections X X
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
X X X
that are listed below
Chapter/Section
1503.6 X X
1503.7 Exceptions 2 & 3 X X
1503.8 Exception X X
1503.8.1 X

> 1503.8.2.1 - 1503.8.2.3

1503.8.3
1503.9
X

X
X
X
1503.9.1 X

> 1503.9.3 - 1503.9.4

Table 1504.2
1504.3 Exceptions 1 & 2
X
X
X
X
X
X
1504.4 Note X
1504.5 - 1504.5.3 X X
Table 1504.5.3 X X
1504.8 X X
1504.9 X
1504.9.1 X X
1504.11 X
1505.0 - 1505.15 † † † X
Table 1505.15 † † X
1506.0 X X
1506.1 X X
1506.2 X X
1506.3 X X
1506.4 & Exceptions X X X
1506.5 X
1506.6 X X
1506.7 X X
1506.8 X X
1506.9 - 1506.9.6 X X
1506.11 X X X
1506.12 X X
This state agency does not adopt sections identified with the following symbol: †
The Office of the State Fire Marshal’s adoption of this chapter or individual sections is applicable to structures regulated by other state agencies pursuant to
Section 1.11.0.

302 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

CHAPTER 15
ALTERNATE WATER SOURCES FOR NONPOTABLE APPLICATIONS

1501.0 General. systems having a maximum discharge capacity of 250

1501.1 Applicability [BSC-CG, DWR & HCD 1]. The gallons per day (gal/d) (0.011 L/s) for single-family and
provisions of this chapter shall apply to the construction, multi-family dwellings.
alteration, discharge, use and repair of alternate water source (2) A registered design professional or a licensed person
systems for nonpotable applications. who demonstrates competency to design the alternate
1501.1.1 Allowable Use of Alternate Water. Where water source system is not required to design an on-site
approved or required by the Authority Having Jurisdic- treated nonpotable water system for single-family
tion, alternate water sources [reclaimed (recycled) water, dwellings having a maximum discharge capacity of 250
gray water, and on-site treated nonpotable gray water] gal/d (0.011 L/s).
shall be permitted to be used instead of potable water for 1501.3 Permit [BSC-CG, HCD 1, DWR]. It shall be unlaw-
the applications identified in this chapter. ful for a person to construct, install, alter, or cause to be con-
1501.2 System Design. Alternate water source systems structed, installed, or altered an alternate water source system
shall be designed in accordance with this chapter by a regis- in a building or on its premises without first obtaining a per-
tered design professional or licensed person who demon- mit to do such work from the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
strates competency to design the alternate water source No changes or connections shall be made to either the alter-
system as required by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. nate water source system or the potable water system within
Components, piping, and fittings used in any alternate water a site containing an alternate water source system without
source system shall be listed. approval by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
[BSC-CG & HCD 1] Irrigation design plans shall meet the Exception: [BSC-CG, HCD 1] A construction permit shall
requirements of the California Code of Regulations, Title 23, not be required for a clothes washer system meeting the
Division 2, Chapter 2.7, Model Water Efficient Landscape requirements of Section 1503.1.1.
Ordinance. 1501.4 Component Identification. System components
Exceptions: shall be properly identified as to the manufacturer.
(1) A registered design professional or a licensed person 1501.5 Maintenance and Inspection [BSC-CG, HCD
who demonstrates competency to design the alternate 1, DWR]. Alternate water source systems and components
water source system is not required to design gray water shall be inspected and maintained in accordance with the

TABLE 1501.5 [BSC-CG]

RECOMMENDED MINIMUM ALTERNATE WATER SOURCE TESTING,
INSPECTION, AND MAINTENANCE FREQUENCY
DESCRIPTION MINIMUM FREQUENCY
Inspect and clean filters and screens, and replace (where neces- In accordance with manufacturer’s instructions, and/or the Authority
sary). Having Jurisdiction, or every 3 months.
Inspect and verify that disinfection, filters, and water quality
treatment devices and systems are operational and maintaining In accordance with manufacturer’s instructions,
minimum water quality requirements as determined by the and the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
Authority Having Jurisdiction.
Inspect pumps and verify In accordance with manufacturer’s instructions, and/or the Authority
operation. Having Jurisdiction, or after installation and every 12 months thereafter.
Inspect valves and verify In accordance with manufacturer’s instructions, and/or Authority Having
operation. Jurisdiction, or after installation and every 12 months thereafter.
Inspect pressure tanks and In accordance with manufacturer’s instructions, and/or the Authority
verify operation. Having Jurisdiction, or after installation and every 12 months thereafter.
Clear debris from and inspect storage tanks, locking devices, In accordance with manufacturer’s instructions, and/or the Authority
and verify operation. Having Jurisdiction, or after installation and every 12 months thereafter.
In accordance with manufacturer’s instructions, and/or the Authority
Inspect caution labels and marking.
Having Jurisdiction, or after installation and every 12 months thereafter.
Inspect and maintain mulch basins for gray water irrigation
As needed to maintain mulch depth and prevent ponding and runoff.
systems.
In accordance with this chapter, and/or the Authority Having Jurisdic-
Cross-connection inspection and test*
tion, or after installation and every 12 months thereafter.
* The cross-connection test shall be performed in the presence of the Authority Having Jurisdiction in accordance with the requirements of this chapter, unless site
conditions do not require it. Alternate testing requirements shall be permitted by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 303

ALTERNATE WATER SOURCES FOR NONPOTABLE APPLICATIONS

manufacturer’s recommendations and/or as required by the 1501.9 Signage [BSC-CG, HCD 1, HCD 2, HCD 1-AC].
Authority Having Jurisdiction. [BSC-CG] Where no manu- Signage for on-site treated nonpotable gray water shall com-
facturer’s recommendations exist, additional recommenda- ply with Sections 1501.9.1 and 1501.9.2. [DWR] Signage for
tions are listed in Table 1501.5. reclaimed (recycled) water shall comply with Section 1505.12.
Exception: [DWR] Recycled water supply systems that are 1501.9.1 Commercial, Industrial, Institutional,
within or a part of a building shall comply with Section and Residential Restroom Signs. A sign shall be
1505.15. installed in restrooms in commercial, industrial, and
1501.5.1 Maintenance Responsibility. The required institutional occupancies and in residential common use
maintenance and inspection of alternate water source areas using reclaimed (recycled) water and on-site
systems shall be the responsibility of the property owner treated nonpotable gray water, for water closets, urinals,
unless otherwise required by the Authority Having Juris- or both. Signs shall comply with all applicable require-
diction. ments of the California Building Code. Each sign shall
contain 1⁄2 of an inch (12.7 mm) letters of a highly visi-
1501.6 Operation and Maintenance Manual [BSC-CG,
ble color on a contrasting background. The location of
HCD 1, DWR]. An operation and maintenance manual for
the sign(s) shall be such that the sign(s) are visible to
gray water, on-site treated nonpotable water, [DWR] and recy-
users. The location of the sign(s) shall be approved by
cled water supply systems required to have a permit in accor-
the Authority Having Jurisdiction and shall contain the
dance with Section 1501.3, Section 1505.2 and Section 1506.2
following text:
shall be supplied to the building owner by the system designer
or installer. The operation and maintenance manual shall TO CONSERVE WATER, THIS BUILDING USES
include the following: ON-SITE TREATED NONPOTABLE GRAYWATER TO
FLUSH TOILETS AND URINALS.
(1) Diagram(s) of the entire system and the location of sys-
tem components. 1501.9.2 Equipment Room Signs. Each room con-
taining reclaimed (recycled) water and on-site treated
(2) Instructions for operating and maintaining the system. nonpotable gray water equipment shall have a sign
(3) Instructions on maintaining the required water quality for posted in a location that is visible to anyone working on
on-site treated nonpotable water systems. or near nonpotable gray water equipment with the fol-
(4) Details on startup, shutdown, and deactivating the sys- lowing wording in 1 inch (25.4 mm) letters:
tem for maintenance, repair, or other purposes. CAUTION: ON-SITE TREATED NONPOTABLE GRAY-
(5) Applicable testing, inspection, and maintenance fre- WATER, DO NOT DRINK. DO NOT CONNECT TO
quencies in accordance with Section 1501.5 [DWR] or DRINKING WATER SYSTEM. NOTICE: CONTACT
Section 1505.15 as applicable. BUILDING MANAGEMENT BEFORE PERFORM-
(6) A method of contacting the installer and/or manufac- ING ANY WORK ON THIS WATER SYSTEM.
turer(s). *____________*Shall indicate RECLAIMED (RECY-
(7) Directions to the owner or occupant that the manual CLED) WATER or ON-SITE TREATED WATER,
shall remain with the building throughout the life cycle of accordingly.

> the structure.

1501.7 Minimum Water Quality Requirements [BSC-
CG, HCD 1, DWR]. The minimum water quality for alternate
1501.10 System Controls. Controls for pumps, valves, and
other devices that contain mercury that come in contact with
alternate water source water supply shall not be permitted.
water source systems shall meet the applicable water quality
requirements for the intended application as determined by 1502.0 Inspection and Testing.
the Authority Having Jurisdiction. In the absence of water 1502.1 General. Alternate water source systems shall be
quality requirements, for on-site treated nonpotable systems, inspected and tested in accordance with Section 1502.2
the water quality requirements of NSF 350 shall apply.[BSC- through Section 1502.3.3, and/or as required by the Author-
CG & HCD 1] Water quality requirements for on-site treated ity Having Jurisdiction.
nonpotable graywater shall comply with this section and Sec-
Exception: [DWR] Recycled water supply systems that are
tion 1506.9.2.
within or a part of a building shall comply with Section 1505.13.
Exceptions:
1502.2 Supply System Inspection and Test. Alternate
(1) Water treatment is not required for gray water used in a water source systems shall be inspected and tested in accor-
disposal field or for subsurface or subsoil irrigation. dance with this code for testing of potable water piping.
(2) [DWR] Recycled water shall comply with the water 1502.3 Cross-Connection Inspection and Testing. An
quality requirements of Section 1505.14. initial visual inspection and initial cross-connection test shall
1501.8 Material Compatibility. Alternate water source sys- be performed on both the potable and alternate water source
tems shall be constructed of materials that are compatible systems before the initial operation of the alternate water
with the type of pipe and fitting materials, water treatment, source system. During an initial or subsequent cross-con-
and water conditions in the system. nection test, the potable and alternate water source system

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shall be isolated from each other and independently inspected potable water system is to remain depressurized
and tested to ensure there is no cross-connection in accor- shall be determined on a case-by-case basis, but in
dance with Section 1502.3.1 through Section 1502.3.3. no case shall that period be less than 1 hour.
1502.3.1 Visual System Inspection. Before com- (7) Fixtures, potable, and alternate water source shall be
mencing the cross-connection testing, a dual system tested and inspected for flow. Flow from a potable
inspection shall be conducted by the Authority Having water system outlet indicates a cross-connection. No
Jurisdiction and other authorities having jurisdiction as flow from an alternate water source outlet will indi-
follows: cate that it is connected to the potable water system.
(1) Meter locations of the alternate water source and (8) The drain on the potable water system shall be
potable water lines shall be checked to verify that checked for flow during the test and at the end of the
no modifications were made and that no cross-con- test.
nections are visible. (9) Where there is no flow detected in the fixtures which
(2) Pumps and equipment, equipment room signs and would indicate a cross-connection, the potable water
exposed piping in equipment room shall be checked. system shall be repressurized.
(3) Valves shall be checked to ensure that the valve lock 1502.3.3 Discovery of Cross-Connection. If a
seals are still in place and intact. Valve control door cross-connection is discovered, the following procedure,
signs shall be checked to verify that no signs have in the presence of the Authority Having Jurisdiction,
been removed. shall be activated immediately:
1502.3.2 Cross-Connection Test. A cross-connection (1) Notify the Authority Having Jurisdiction of the cross
test shall be performed in the presence of the Authority connection.
Having Jurisdiction or other authorities having jurisdic- (2) The alternate water source piping to the building and
tion to determine whether a cross-connection has occurred its premises shall be shutdown at the meter, and the
as follows: alternate water source riser shall be drained.
(1) The potable water system shall be activated and (3) Potable water piping to the building and its prem-
pressurized. The alternate water source system shall ises shall be shutdown at the meter.
be shut down, depressurized, and drained. (4) The cross-connection shall be uncovered and dis-
(2) The potable water system shall remain pressurized connected.
for a minimum period specified by the Authority (5) The building and its premises shall be retested in
Having Jurisdiction while the alternate water source accordance with Section 1502.3.1 and Section
system is empty. The minimum period the alternate 1502.3.2.
water source system is to remain depressurized shall (6) The potable water system shall be chlorinated with
be determined on a case-by-case basis, taking into 50 parts-per-million (ppm) chlorine for 24 hours.
account the size and complexity of the potable and
(7) The potable water system shall be flushed after 24
the alternate water source distribution systems, but
hours, and a standard bacteriological test shall be
in no case shall that period be less than 1 hour.
performed. Where test results are acceptable, the
(3) The drain on the alternate water source system shall potable water system shall be permitted to be
be checked for flow during the test and fixtures, recharged.
potable and alternate water source, shall be tested and
1502.4 Separation Requirements. Underground alter-
inspected for flow. Flow from an alternate water
nate water source service piping other than gray water shall
source system outlet indicates a cross-connection. No
be separated from the building sewer in accordance with this
flow from a potable water outlet shall indicate that it
code. Treated nonpotable water pipes shall be permitted to be
is connected to the alternate water source system.
run or laid in the same trench as potable water pipes with a 12
(4) The potable water system shall then be depressur- inch (305 mm) minimum vertical and horizontal separation
ized and drained. where both pipe materials are approved for use within a build-
(5) The alternate water source system shall then be acti- ing. Where horizontal piping materials do not comply with
vated and pressurized. When an alternate water this requirement, the minimum separation shall be increased
source is not available for the initial cross-connec- to 60 inches (1524 mm). The potable water piping shall be
tion test, a temporary connection to a potable water installed at an elevation above the treated nonpotable water
supply shall be required. At the conclusion of the ini- piping.
tial cross-connection test, the temporary connection Exception: [DWR] Recycled water supply systems that are
to the potable water supply shall be disconnected. within or a part of a building shall comply with Section 1505.11.
(6) The alternate water source system shall remain pres- 1502.5 Abandonment. Alternate water source systems that
surized for a minimum period specified by the are no longer in use or fail to be maintained in accordance
Authority Having Jurisdiction while the potable with Section 1501.5 shall be abandoned. Abandonment shall
water system is empty. The minimum period the comply with Section 1502.5.1 and Section 1502.5.2.

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1502.5.1 General. An abandoned system or part (2) [BSC-CG] Photo labs or similar activities.
thereof covered under the scope of this chapter shall be (G) Exemption from construction permit requirements of this
disconnected from remaining systems, drained, plugged, code shall not be deemed to grant authorization for any
and capped in an approved manner. gray water system to be installed in a manner that vio-
1502.5.2 Underground Tank. An underground water lates other provisions of this code or any other laws or
storage tank that has been abandoned or otherwise dis- ordinances of the Enforcing Agency.
continued from use in a system covered under the scope (H) An operation and maintenance manual shall be provided to
of this chapter shall be completely drained and filled with the owner. Directions shall indicate that the manual is to
earth, sand, gravel, concrete, or other approved material remain with the building throughout the life of the system
or removed in a manner satisfactory to the Authority and upon change of ownership or occupancy.
Having Jurisdiction.
(I) A gray water system shall not be connected to any potable
1502.6 Sizing. Unless otherwise provided for in this chap-
water system without an air gap, reduced-pressure prin-
ter, alternate water source piping shall be sized in accordance
ciple backflow preventer, or other physical device which
with Chapter 6 for sizing potable water piping.
prevents backflow and shall not cause ponding or runoff
of gray water.
1503.0 Gray Water Systems [BSC-CG]. Gray water sys- 1503.1.1 [HCD 1] Clothes Washer System. A
tems shall be verified in accordance with the California Green clothes washer system in compliance with all of the fol-
Building Standards Code (CALGreen), Chapter 5, Division 5.3. lowing is exempt from the construction permit specified
1503.1 General. The provisions of this section shall apply in Section 1.8.4.1 and may be installed or altered with-
to the construction, alteration, and repair of gray water sys- out a construction permit:
tems. A city, county, or city and county or other local gov- (1) If required, notification has been provided to the
ernment may adopt, after a public hearing and enactment of enforcing agency regarding the proposed location
an ordinance or resolution, building standards that are more and installation of a gray water irrigation or dis-
restrictive than the gray water building standards adopted in posal system.
this code. For additional information, see Health and Safety
Code Section 18941.7. (2) The design shall allow the user to direct the flow to
the irrigation or disposal field or the building sewer.
(A) All gray water systems shall be designed with a diverter
The direction control of the gray water shall be clearly
valve to allow the user to direct the flow to the building
labeled and readily accessible to the user.
sewer and either the irrigation field or disposal field,
whichever is used. The means of changing the direction (3) The installation, change, alteration, or repair of the
flow of the gray water shall be clearly labeled and readily system does not include a potable water connection
accessible to the user. or a pump and does not affect other building, plumb-
(B) Water used to wash diapers or similarly soiled or infec- ing, electrical, or mechanical components including
tious garments or other prohibited contents shall be structural features, egress, fire-life safety, sanitation,
diverted by the user to the building sewer. potable water supply piping, or accessibility.
(C) Gray water shall not be used in spray irrigation, allowed Note: The pump in a clothes washer shall not be
to pond or runoff and shall not be discharged directly considered part of the gray water system.
into or reach any storm sewer system or any surface body (4) The gray water shall be contained on the site where
of water. it is generated.
(D) Human contact with gray water or the soil irrigated by (5) Gray water shall be directed to and contained within
gray water shall be minimized and avoided, except as an irrigation or disposal field.
required to maintain the gray water system. The dis- (6) Ponding or runoff is prohibited and shall be consid-
charge point of any gray water subsoil irrigation or sub- ered a nuisance.
surface irrigation field shall be covered by at least two
(2) inches (51 mm) of mulch, rock, or soil, or a solid (7) Gray water may be released above the ground sur-
shield to minimize the possibility of human contact. face provided at least two (2) inches (51 mm) of
mulch, rock, or soil, or a solid shield covers the
(E) Gray water may be released above the ground surface
release point. Other methods which provide equiva-
provided at least two (2) inches (51 mm) of mulch, rock,
lent separation are also acceptable.
or soil, or a solid shield covers the release point. Other
methods which provide equivalent separation are also (8) Gray water systems shall be designed to minimize
acceptable. contact with humans and domestic pets.
(F) Gray water shall not contain hazardous chemicals (9) Water used to wash diapers or similarly soiled or
derived from activities such as cleaning car parts, wash- infectious garments shall not be used and shall be
ing greasy or oily rags, or disposing of waste solutions. diverted to the building sewer.
(1) [HCD 1] The prohibition in Subsection (F) includes, (10) Gray water shall not contain hazardous chemicals
but is not limited to, home photo labs or other similar derived from activities such as cleaning car parts,
hobbyist or home occupational activities. washing greasy or oily rags, or disposing of waste

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solutions from home photo labs or similar hobbyist flow rates and distribute the total amount of estimated
or home occupational activities. gray water on a daily basis to a subsurface irrigation
(11) Exemption from construction permit requirements of field, subsoil irrigation field, disposal field, or mulch
this code shall not be deemed to grant authorization basin without surfacing, ponding, or runoff. A surge tank
for any gray water system to be installed in a man- is required for systems that are unable to accommodate
ner that violates other provisions of this code or any peak flow rates and distribute the total amount of gray
other laws or ordinances of the enforcing agency. water by gravity drainage. The water discharge for gray
water systems shall be determined in accordance with
(12) An operation and maintenance manual shall be pro- Section 1503.8.1 or Section 1503.8.2.
vided to the owner. Directions shall indicate that the
manual is to remain with the building throughout the Exception: It is not the intent of this section to require
life of the system and upon change of ownership or that all gray water must be handled by an irrigation field
occupancy. or disposal field. It is acceptable for excess gray water to
be diverted to the building sewer through a diverter valve
(13) Gray water discharge from a clothes washer system
or overflow drain as permitted in this chapter.
through a standpipe shall be properly trapped in
accordance with Section 1005.0. 1503.2.2 Diversion. The gray water system shall con-
nect to the sanitary drainage system downstream of fix-
1503.1.2 Simple System. Simple systems exceed a
ture traps and vent connections through an approved
clothes washer system and shall comply with the follow-
diverter valve. The diverter valve shall be installed in a
ing:
readily accessible location and clearly indicate the direc-
(1) The discharge capacity of a gray water system shall tion of flow.
be determined by Section 1503.8. Simple systems
Exception: [HCD 1] A clothes washer system in com-
have a discharge capacity of 250 gallons (947 L) per
pliance with Section 1503.1.1.
day or less.
1503.2.3 Backwater Valves. Gray water drains sub-
(2) Simple systems shall require a construction permit,
unless exempted from a construction permit by the ject to backflow shall be provided with a backwater valve
Enforcing Agency. The Enforcing Agency shall con- at the point of connection to the building sewer system,
sult with the water purveyor for any public water sys- so located as to be accessible for inspection and mainte-
tem (as defined in Health and Safety Code Section nance.
116275) providing drinking water to the dwelling or 1503.2.4 Rainwater Diversion Valves. Rainwater
non-residential structure before allowing an exemp- diversion valves ranging from 6 inches (150 mm) to 12
tion from a construction permit. inches (300 mm) in diameter shall comply with IAPMO
(3) The design of simple systems shall meet generally IGC 352. Valves shall be accessible and include a filter
accepted gray water system design criteria. located upstream of the valve when required.
1503.1.3 Complex System. Any gray water system 1503.3 Connections to Potable and Reclaimed (Recy-
that is not a clothes washer system or simple system shall cled) Water Systems. Gray water systems shall have no
comply with the following: direct connection to a potable water supply, on-site treated
nonpotable gray water supply, or reclaimed (recycled) water
(1) The discharge capacity of a gray water system shall be supply systems.
determined by Section 1503.8. Complex systems have
a discharge capacity over 250 gallons (947 L) per day. Exceptions:
(2) Complex systems shall require a construction permit, (1) Potable water, on-site treated nonpotable gray water, or
unless exempted from a construction permit by the reclaimed (recycled) water, or rainwater is permitted to
Enforcing Agency. The Enforcing Agency shall con- be used as makeup water for a non-pressurized storage
sult with the water purveyor for any public water sys- tank provided the connection is protected by an air gap in
tem (as defined in Health and Safety Code, Section accordance with this code.
116275) providing drinking water to the dwelling or (2) A potable water supply may be connected temporarily
non-residential structure before allowing an exemp- for the initial cross-connection test of the untreated gray-
tion from a construction permit. water system as required in Section 1502.3.2.
1503.2 System Requirements. Gray water shall be per- 1503.4 Location. No gray water system or part thereof shall
mitted to be diverted away from a sewer or private sewage be located on a lot other than the lot that is the site of the
disposal system, and discharge to a subsurface irrigation or building or structure that discharges the gray water, nor shall
subsoil irrigation system, or disposal field. The gray water a gray water system or part thereof be located at a point hav-
shall be permitted to discharge to a mulch basin for residen- ing less than the minimum distances indicated in Table
tial occupancies. Gray water shall not be used to irrigate root 1503.4.
crops or food crops intended for human consumption that Exception: When there exists a lawfully recorded perpetual and
comes in contact with soil. exclusive covenant to an easement appurtenant and right-of-
1503.2.1 Surge Capacity. Gray water systems shall way between adjoining land-owners of two or more contiguous
be designed to have the capacity to accommodate peak lots to discharge gray water from one lot to an adjoining lot.

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1503.5 Plot Plan Submission. No permit for a gray water area or building sewer connecting to the public sewer,
system shall be issued until a plot plan with data satisfactory and location of the proposed gray water system.
to the Authority Having Jurisdiction has been submitted and (2) Details of construction necessary to ensure compliance
approved. with the requirements of this chapter, together with a full
Exception: [HCD 1] A construction permit shall not be description of the complete installation, including instal-
required for a clothes washer system in compliance with Sec- lation methods, construction, and materials in accordance
tion 1503.1.1. with the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
1503.6 Prohibited Location. Where there is insufficient (3) Details for holding tanks shall include dimensions, struc-
lot area or inappropriate soil conditions for adequate absorp- tural calculations, bracings, and such other pertinent data
tion to prevent the ponding, surfacing, or runoff of the gray as required.
water, as determined by the Authority Having Jurisdiction, (4) A log of soil formations and groundwater level as deter-
no gray water system shall be permitted. A gray water system mined by test holes dug in proximity to proposed irriga-
is not permitted on a property in a geologically sensitive area tion and/or disposal area, together with a statement of
as determined by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. water absorption characteristics of the soil at the pro-
1503.7 Drawings and Specifications. The Authority posed site as determined by approved percolation tests.
Having Jurisdiction may require the following information to Exceptions:
be included with or in the plot plan before a permit is issued
for a gray water system, or at a time during the construction (1) The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall permit the
thereof: use of Table 1504.2 instead of percolation tests.
(1) Plot plan drawn to scale and completely dimensioned, (2) The Enforcing Agency may waive the requirement
showing lot lines and structures, direction and approxi- for identification of groundwater level and/or soil
mate slope of surface, location of present or proposed absorption qualities based on knowledge of local
retaining walls, drainage channels, water supply lines, conditions.
wells, paved areas and structures on the plot, number of (3) The absence of groundwater in a test hole three (3)
bedrooms and plumbing fixtures in each structure, loca- vertical feet (915 mm) below the deepest irrigation
tion of private sewage disposal system and expansion or disposal point shall be sufficient to satisfy this

TABLE 1503.4
LOCATION OF GRAY WATER SYSTEM7
SUBSURFACE AND SUBSOIL
MINIMUM HORIZONTAL DISTANCE IN CLEAR SURGE TANK IRRIGATION FIELD AND
DISPOSAL FIELD
REQUIRED FROM (feet) MULCH BASIN
(feet)
Building structures1 52, 9 23, 8 5
8
Property line adjoining private property 5 5 5
4
Water supply wells 50 100 100
Streams and lakes4 50 1005, 10 1005
Sewage pits or cesspools 5 5 5
Sewage disposal field10 5 46 46
Septic tank 0 5 5
On-site domestic water service line 5 0 0
Pressurized public water main 10 107 107
For SI units: 1 foot = 304.8 mm
Notes:
1
Building structures do not include porches and steps, whether covered or uncovered, breezeways, roofed carports, roofed porte cocheres, roofed patios, car-
ports, covered walks, covered driveways, and similar structures or appurtenances.
2
The distance shall be permitted to be reduced to 0 feet for aboveground tanks where first approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
3
Underground tanks shall not be located within a 45 degree angle from the bottom of the foundation, or they shall be designed to address the surcharge
imposed by the structure. The distance may be reduced to six (6) inches (153 mm) for aboveground tanks when first approved by the Enforcing Agency.
4
Where special hazards are involved, the distance required shall be increased as directed by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
5
These minimum clear horizontal distances shall apply between the irrigation or disposal field and the ocean mean higher high tide line.
6
Add 2 feet (610 mm) for each additional foot of depth more than 1 foot (305 mm) below the bottom of the drain line.
7
For parallel construction or crossings, approval by the Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be required.
8
The distance shall be permitted to be reduced to 11⁄2 feet (457 mm) for drip and mulch basin irrigation systems.
9
The distance shall be permitted to be reduced to 0 feet for surge tanks of 75 gallons (284 L) or less.
10
The minimum horizontal distance may be reduced to 50 feet (15 240 mm) for irrigation or disposal fields utilizing gray water which has been filtered prior
to entering the distribution piping.

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section unless seasonal high groundwater levels Lavatory fixture flow rate, existing fixtures = Actual
have been documented to rise to within this area. flow rate for existing fixtures
(5) Distance between the plot and surface waters such as 3 = Average number of uses per person per day
lakes, ponds, rivers or streams, and the slope of the plot 1503.8.2.2 Showers. Daily gray water discharge
and the surface water, wherein close proximity. from showers may be determined by the following
1503.8 Procedure for Estimating Gray Water Dis- equation:
charge. Gray water systems shall be designed to distribute (Equation 15.2)
the total amount of estimated gray water on a daily basis. The
Number of daily uses X shower flow rate X 5 minutes
water discharge for gray water systems shall be determined in
accordance with Section 1503.8.1 or Section 1503.8.2. 1503.8.2.3 Commercial Clothes Washers. Daily
gray water discharge from commercial clothes wash-
Exception: It is not the intent of this section to require that all
ers may be determined by the following equation:
gray water must be handled by an irrigation field or disposal
field. It is acceptable for excess gray water to be diverted to
the building sewer through a diverter valve or overflow drain (Equation 15.3)
as permitted in this chapter. Cubic feet of capacity X Water Factor X 6
1503.8.1 Residential Occupancies. The gray water
discharge for residential occupancies single family and Where:
multi-family dwellings shall be calculated by water use
records, calculations of local daily per person interior Water Factor = Gallons per cubic foot
water use, or the following procedure: 6 = Average number of uses per day
(1) The number of occupants of each dwelling unit shall Note: Cubic feet of capacity and Water Factor are
be calculated as follows: contained in product specifications or are available
First bedroom 2 occupants from the washer manufacturer.
Each additional bedroom 1 occupant 1503.8.3 Daily Discharge. Gray water systems using
tanks shall be designed to minimize the amount of time
(2) The estimated gray water flows of each occupant gray water is held in the tank and shall be sized to dis-
shall be calculated as follows: tribute the total amount of estimated gray water on a
Showers, bathtubs, and 25 gallons (95 L) per daily basis.
lavatories day/occupant Exception: Approved on-site treated nonpotable gray
Laundry 15 gallons (57 L) per water systems.
day/occupant 1503.9 Gray Water System Components. Gray water
system components shall comply with Section 1503.9.1
(3) The total number of occupants shall be multiplied through Section 1503.9.4.
by the applicable estimated gray water discharge as
provided above and the type of fixtures connected [HCD 1] Gray water system components shall comply with
to the gray water system. this chapter.
1503.8.2 Commercial, Industrial, and Institu- 1503.9.1 Surge Tanks. Where installed, surge tanks
tional Occupancies. The Authority Having Jurisdic- shall be in accordance with the following:
tion may utilize the gray water discharge procedures (1) Surge tanks shall be constructed of solid, durable
listed below, for commercial, industrial, and institutional materials not subject to excessive corrosion or decay
occupancies shall be calculated by utilizing the proce- and shall be watertight. Aboveground surge tanks
dure in Section 1503.8.1, water use records or other doc- shall be protected from direct sunlight or shall be con-
umentation to estimate gray water discharge. structed of UV resistant materials including but not
1503.8.2.1 Lavatories. Daily discharge from lava- limited to heavily tinted or opaque plastic, fiberglass,
tories may be determined by the following equation: lined metal, concrete and wood. Surge tanks con-
structed of steel shall be approved by the Authority
Having Jurisdiction, provided such tanks are in
(Equation 15.1) accordance with approved applicable standards.
Occupants X lavatory flow rate X 3 (2) Each surge tank shall be vented in accordance with
this code. The vent size shall be determined based on
Where: the total gray water fixture units as outlined in this
The number of occupants = square footage of the code.
building divided by the occupant load factor from (3) Each surge tank shall have an access opening with
the California Plumbing Code Chapter 4, Table 4-1. lockable gasketed covers or approved equivalent to
Lavatory fixture flow rate, new construction = That allow for inspection and cleaning.
from the California Green Building Standards (CAL- (4) Each surge tank shall have its rated capacity perma-
Green) Code Section 5.303.3.4 nently marked on the unit. Also, a sign stating

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GRAY WATER SYSTEM, CAUTION DANGER — 1504.2 Required Area of Subsurface Irrigation
UNSAFE WATER shall be permanently marked on Fields, Subsoil Irrigation Fields, and Mulch Basins.
the holding tank. The minimum effective irrigation area of subsurface irrigation
(5) Each surge tank shall have an overflow drain. The fields, subsoil irrigation fields, and mulch basins shall be
overflow drains shall have permanent connections determined by Table 1504.2 for the type of soil found in the
to the building drain or building sewer, upstream of excavation, based upon a calculation of estimated gray water
septic tanks. The overflow drain shall not be discharge under Section 1503.8. For a subsoil irrigation field,
equipped with a shutoff valve. the area shall be equal to the aggregate length of the perfo-
(6) The overflow drain pipes shall not be less in size than rated pipe sections within the valved zone multiplied by the
the inlet pipe. Unions or equally effective fittings shall width of the proposed subsoil irrigation field.
be provided for piping connected to the surge tank.
(7) Surge tank shall be structurally designed to with- TABLE 1504.2
stand anticipated earth or other loads. Surge tank DESIGN OF SIX TYPICAL SOILS
covers shall be capable of supporting an earth load MINIMUM SQUARE
MAXIMUM
of not less than 300 pounds per square foot (lb/ft2) FEET OF IRRIGA-
ABSORPTION CAPACITY
TION/LEACHING
(1465 kg/m2) where the tank is designed for under- AREA PER 100
IN GALLONS PER
TYPE OF SOIL SQUARE FOOT
ground installation. GALLONS OF
OF IRRIGATION/
ESTIMATED GRAY
(8) Where a surge tank is installed underground, the sys- WATER DISCHARGE
LEACHING AREA FOR
A 24-HOUR PERIOD
tem shall be designed so that the tank overflow will PER DAY
gravity drain to the existing sewer line or septic tank. Coarse sand or
The tank shall be protected against sewer line back- 20 5.0
gravel
flow by a backwater valve installed in accordance Fine sand 25 4.0
with this code. Sandy loam 40 2.5
(9) Surge tanks shall be installed on dry, level, well-com- Sandy clay 60 1.7
pacted soil where underground or on a level 3 inch Clay with consider-
(76 mm) thick concrete slab or other approved 90 1.1
able sand or gravel
method where aboveground. Clay with small
(10) Surge tanks shall be anchored to prevent against amounts of sand or 120 0.8
overturning where installed aboveground. Under- gravel
ground tanks shall be ballasted, anchored, or other- For SI units: 1 square foot = 0.0929 m2, 1 gallon per day = 0.000043 L/s
wise secured, to prevent the tank from floating out of
the ground where empty. The combined weight of
the tank and hold down system shall meet or exceed 1504.3 Determination of Maximum Absorption
the buoyancy forces of the tank. Capacity. The irrigation field and mulch basin size shall be
(11) [HCD 1] An overflow drain and backwater valve is based on the maximum absorption capacity of the soil and
not required on a clothes washer system. determined using Table 1504.2. For soils not listed in Table
1503.9.2 Gray Water Pipe and Fitting Materials. 1504.2, the maximum absorption capacity for the proposed
Aboveground and underground building drainage and site shall be determined by percolation tests or another
vent pipe and fittings for gray water systems shall com- method acceptable to the Authority Having Jurisdiction. A
ply with the requirements for aboveground and under- gray water system shall not be permitted, where the percola-
ground sanitary building drainage and vent pipe and tion test shows the absorption capacity of the soil is unable to
fittings in this code. These materials shall extend not less accommodate the maximum discharge of the proposed gray
than 2 feet (610 mm) outside the building. water irrigation system.
1503.9.3 Animals and Insects. Gray water tank Exceptions:
openings shall be protected to prevent the entrance of (1) The Enforcing Agency may waive the requirement for iden-
insects, birds, or rodents into the tank and piping sys- tification of groundwater level and/or soil absorption qual-
tems. Screens installed on vent pipes, inlets, and over- ities based on knowledge of local conditions.
flow pipes shall have an aperture of not greater than 1∕16
of an inch (1.6 mm) and shall be close fitting. (2) Irrigation fields in compliance with Section 1504.5 which
only utilize drip type emitters are exempt from percola-
1503.9.4 Freeze Protection. Tanks and piping tion tests.
installed in locations subject to freezing shall be provided
with an approved means of freeze protection. 1504.4 Groundwater Level. No excavation for an irriga-
tion field, disposal field, or mulch basin shall extend within
3 feet (914 mm) vertical of the highest known seasonal
1504.0 Subsurface Irrigation System Zones. groundwater level, nor to a depth where gray water contam-
1504.1 General. Irrigation or disposal fields shall be per- inates the groundwater or surface water. The applicant shall
mitted to have one or more valved zones. Each zone shall be supply evidence of groundwater depth to the satisfaction of
of a size to receive the gray water anticipated in that zone. the Authority Having Jurisdiction.

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Note: The absence of groundwater in a test hole three (3) (5) All drip irrigation supply lines shall be polyethylene
vertical feet (915 mm) below the deepest irrigation or dis- tubing or PVC Class 200 pipe or better and Sched-
posal point shall be sufficient to satisfy this section unless ule 40 fittings. All joints shall be pressure tested at 40
seasonal high groundwater levels have been documented to psi (276 kPa), and shown to be drip tight for five min-
rise to within this area. utes, before burial. All supply piping shall be cov-
1504.5 Irrigation, Disposal Field and Mulch Basin Con- ered to a minimum depth of two (2) inches (51 mm)
struction. Irrigation fields, disposal fields and mulch basins of mulch or soil. Drip feeder lines can be poly or flex-
used in gray water systems shall comply with this section. Gray ible PVC tubing and shall be covered to a minimum
water systems may contain either an irrigation field or a dis- depth of two (2) inches (51 mm) of mulch or soil.
posal field or a combination of both. This section is not (6) Where pressure at the discharge side of the pump
intended to prevent the use of other methods of gray water irri- exceeds 20 psi (138 kPa), a pressure-reducing valve
gation or disposal approved by the Enforcing Agency. able to maintain downstream pressure no greater
[BSC-CG] Irrigation design shall be verified in accor- than the maximum operating pressure of the
dance with the California Green Building Standards Code installed tubing, emitters, or other components shall
(CALGreen), Chapter 5, Division 5.3. be installed downstream from the pump and before
[HCD 1] Irrigation design shall be verified in accor- any emission device.
dance with the California Green Building Standards Code (7) When an irrigation system utilizes a pump, and dis-
(CALGreen), Chapter 4, Division 4.3. charges water at a point higher than the pump, a
1504.5.1 Mulch Basin. A mulch basin may be used as backwater valve shall be installed downstream of the
an irrigation or disposal field. Mulch basins shall be sized pump to prevent back siphonage of water and soil.
in accordance with Table 1504.2 and of sufficient depth, 1504.5.3 Disposal Field. The provisions of this sec-
length and width to prevent ponding or runoff during the
tion are not intended to prevent the use of any appropri-
gray water surge of a clothes washer, bathtub or shower.
ate material, appliance, installation, device, design or
Mulch must be replenished as required due to decomposi-
tion of organic matter. Mulch basins will require periodic method of construction. If an alternate design is not
maintenance, reshaping or removal of dirt to maintain available, the following provisions may be used as guid-
surge capacity and to accommodate plant growth and pre- ance in the design of a gray water disposal field:
vent ponding or runoff. (A) Disposal systems shall be not less than three (3)
1504.5.2 Irrigation Field. The provisions of this section inches (80 mm) in cross sectional dimension and
are not intended to prevent the use of any appropriate shall be constructed of perforated high-density poly-
material, appliance, installation, device, design or method ethylene pipe, perforated ABS pipe, perforated PVC
of construction. If an alternate design is not available, the pipe, leaching chambers or other approved materi-
following provisions may be used as guidance in the als, provided that sufficient openings are available
design of a gray water irrigation field: for distribution of the gray water into the trench
(1) Filters used in gray water irrigation systems shall be area. Material, construction, and perforation shall
as specified by the manufacturer’s installation instruc- be in compliance with the appropriate absorption
tions for the design flow rate and intended use. The field’s drainage standards and shall be approved by
filter backwash and flush discharge shall be contained the Enforcing Agency.
and disposed of into the building sewer system, septic (B) Filter material, clean stone, gravel, slag, or similar
tank or, with approval of the Enforcing Agency, a sep- filter material acceptable to the Enforcing Agency,
arate mini-leachfield sized to accept all the backwash varying in size from three-quarter (3∕4) inch (19.1
and flush discharge water. Filter backwash water and mm) to two and one-half (21∕2) inches (64 mm) shall
flush water shall not be used for any purpose. Sani- be placed in the trench to the depth and grade
tary procedures shall be followed when handling filter required by this section. The perforated section shall
backwash and flush discharge or gray water. be laid on the filter material in an approved man-
(2) Emitters shall be designed to resist root intrusion ner. The perforated section shall then be covered
and shall be of a design recommended by the man- with filter material to the minimum depth required
ufacturer for the intended gray water flow and use. by this section. The filter material shall then be cov-
(3) Each irrigation zone shall be designed to include no ered with untreated building paper, straw, or similar
less than the number of emitters specified in Table porous material to prevent closure of voids with
1504.5.5, or through a procedure designated by the earth backfill. No earth backfill shall be placed over
Enforcing Agency. Minimum spacing between emit- the filter material cover until after inspection and
ters in any direction shall be sufficient to prevent acceptance.
surfacing or runoff. Exception: Manufactured leaching chambers shall
(4) The system design shall provide user controls, such be installed in compliance with the manufacturer’s
as valves, switches, timers and other controllers, as installation instructions.
appropriate, to rotate the distribution of gray water (C) Disposal fields shall be constructed in accordance
between irrigation zones. with Table 1504.5.3.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 311

(D) When necessary on sloping ground to prevent exces- by the local Authority Having Jurisdiction, as allowed by Sec-
sive line slopes, disposal lines shall be stepped or tion 301.3 of this code.
installed on the contour lines of the slope. The lines 1504.9.1 Future Connections. Gray water stub-out
between each horizontal leaching section shall be plumbing may be allowed for future connection prior to
made with approved water-tight joints and installed the installation of irrigation lines and landscaping. Stub-
on natural or unfilled ground. out shall be permanently marked “CAUTION: NON-
POTABLE GRAY WATER, DO NOT DRINK.”
TABLE 1504.5.3
SUBSOIL IRRIGATION FIELD CONSTRUCTION 1504.10 Testing. Building drains and vents for gray water
DESCRIPTION MINIMUM MAXIMUM
systems shall be tested in accordance with this code. Surge
tanks shall be filled with water to the overflow line prior to
Number of drain lines per
1 – and during the inspection. Seams and joints shall be left
valved zone
exposed, and the tank shall remain watertight. A flow test
Length of each perforated line – 100 feet shall be performed through the system to the point of gray
Bottom width of trench 12 inches 24 inches water discharge. Lines and components shall be watertight
Spacing of lines, center to center 4 feet – up to the point of the irrigation perforated and drip lines.
Depth of earth covers of lines 10 inches – 1504.11 Maintenance. Gray water systems and compo-
Depth of filter material cover of nents shall be maintained in accordance with Section 1501.5.
2 inches –
lines
Depth of filter material beneath
3 inches – 1505.0 Recycled Water Supply Systems in Buildings.
lines
3 inches per 1505.1 General. The provisions of Section 1505.0 through
Grade of perforated lines level level
100 feet Section 1505.15 shall apply to safely plumb buildings with both
For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 inch per foot = potable and recycled water supply systems. Unless otherwise
83.3 mm/m specified in this code, the general provisions applying to alter-
1
Manufactured leaching chambers shall be installed in compliance with nate water systems pursuant to Section 1501.0 through Section
the manufacturer’s installation instructions. 1501.10 and Section 1502.4 through Section 1502.6 shall apply
to recycled water supply systems. The provisions in this sec-
TABLE 1504.5.5 tion encompass the installation, construction, alteration, and
SUBSURFACE IRRIGATION DESIGN repair of recycled water supply systems that are within or a
CRITERIA FOR SIX TYPICAL SOILS part of a building , including a landscape irrigation system that
MINIMUM NUMBER OF connects to plumbing that is within or a part of a building, and
MAXIMUM
EMITTERS PER GAL- receive reclaimed (recycled) water provided by a water/waste-
LON OF ESTIMATED
TYPE OF SOIL EMITTER DISCHARGE
GRAY WATER water utility. When dealing with recycled water supply systems,
(gallons per day)
DISCHARGE PER the Authority Having Jurisdiction and Enforcing Agency may
DAY* (gallons per day) include the recycled water purveyor or potable water purveyor
Sand 1.8 0.6 in accordance with their respective statutory authority and
Sandy loam 1.4 0.7 responsibility as provided on their respective permits for sup-
Loam 1.2 0.9 plying water. Plumbing systems using reclaimed (recycled)
Clay loam 0.9 1.1 water that do not enter the interior of a building plumbed with
Silty clay 0.6 1.6 potable water are not encompassed by this section. All
Clay 0.5 2.0 reclaimed (recycled) water use, covered and not covered by
this code, is subject to applicable provisions of the California
For SI units: 1 gallon per day = 0.000043 L/s
* The estimated gray water discharge per day shall be determined in accor-
Code of Regulations, Title 17, Title 22, and Title 23.
dance with Section 1503.8 of this code. 1505.1.1 Allowed Uses. Allowed uses shall include
water closets, urinals, trap primers for floor drains and
floor sinks, aboveground and subsurface irrigation,
1504.6 Reserved. industrial or commercial cooling or air conditioning and
1504.7 Reserved. other uses as generally allowed in the California Code of
Regulations, Title 22, Division 4, Chapter 3 and specifi-
1504.8 Gray Water System Color and Marking Infor-
cally allowed in the permit for the facility producing or
mation. Pressurized gray water distribution systems shall be supplying the reclaimed (recycled) water issued by the
identified as containing nonpotable water in accordance with State Water Resources Control Board or Regional Water
Section 601.3 of this code. Marking shall be at intervals not to Quality Control Board.
exceed 5 feet (1524 mm). Gray water distribution piping
1505.1.2 Structures Allowed for Toilet and Urinal
upstream of any connection to an irrigation or disposal field or
Flushing. In accordance with Water Code Section 13553,
a distribution valve shall be identified with the words “CAU- reclaimed (recycled) water shall be allowed for toilet and
TION: NONPOTABLE GRAY WATER, DO NOT DRINK”. urinal flushing in certain structures. These structures
1504.9 Other Collection and Distribution Systems. include commercial, retail, and office buildings, theaters,
Other collection and distribution systems shall be approved auditoriums, condominium projects, schools, hotels, apart-

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ments, barracks, dormitories, jails, prisons, reformatories, 1505.5 Initial Cross-Connection Test. A cross-connec-
and other structures as determined by the State Water tion test is required in accordance with Section 1505.13.2.2.
Resources Control Board. Before the building is occupied or the system is activated, the
1505.2 Permit. It shall be unlawful for a person to construct, installer shall perform an initial cross-connection test in the
install, alter, or cause to be constructed, installed, or altered presence of the Authority Having Jurisdiction or other author-
a recycled water supply system within a building or on its ities having jurisdiction. The test shall be ruled successful by
premises without first obtaining a permit to do such work the Authority Having Jurisdiction before final approval is
from the Authority Having Jurisdiction. granted.
Prior to commencing the issuance of permits for recy- 1505.6 Recycled Water Supply System Materials.
cled water supply systems pursuant to state requirements Reclaimed (recycled) water supply and distribution system
relating to recycled water, a city, county, city and county or materials shall comply with the requirements of this code for
other local agency shall seek consultation with the State potable water supply and distribution systems unless other-
Water Resources Control Board, local public health depart- wise provided for in this section.
ment and local recycled water purveyor to ensure that state 1505.7 Recycled Water Supply System Color and
and local public health concerns are addressed in local stan- Marking Information. All mechanical equipment, including
dards or ordinances, or in issuing permits. control valves, appurtenant to recycled water supply systems
1505.2.1 Plumbing Plan Submission. No permit shall be painted purple or composed of purple material
for a recycled water supply system shall be issued until matching Pantone color No. 512, 522C or equivalent. Recy-
complete plumbing plans, with data satisfactory to the cled water supply systems shall be identified and permanently
Authority Having Jurisdiction, have been submitted and marked with clearly visible black uppercase lettering on pur-
approved. ple background. The identification may be accomplished by
labeling metallic and non-metallic piping using purple-col-
1505.3 System Changes. No changes or connections shall
ored (Pantone color No. 512) adhesive Mylar PVC tape
be made to either the recycled water supply system or the
affixed along the entire length of the pipe, or using non-metal-
potable water system within site containing a recycled water
lic pipe manufactured with purple (Pantone color No. 512,
supply system without approval by the Authority Having
522C, or equivalent) integral to the material. For either mate-
Jurisdiction.
rial, the tape or pipe shall be installed so the wording is
1505.4 Connections to Potable or Recycled Water clearly visible and shall be field or factory marked as follows:
Supply Systems. Recycled water supply systems shall have
“CAUTION: NONPOTABLE RECYCLED WATER, DO NOT
no direct connection to a potable water supply or alternate
DRINK”.
water source system.
1505.8 Valves. Valves, except fixture supply control valves,
Exceptions: shall be equipped with a locking feature.
(1) Potable water is permitted to be used as makeup water 1505.8.1 Valve Seals. The master reclaimed (recycled)
for a reclaimed (recycled) water storage tank provided water shut-off valve and/or the reclaimed (recycled)
the potable water supply inlet is protected by an air gap water meter curb cock and each valve within a wall shall
in accordance with this code. be sealed after the recycled water supply system has been
(2) A potable water supply may be connected temporarily approved and placed into operation. These seals shall be
for initial testing of the recycled water supply system as either crimped lead wire seal or plastic break away seal
provided in Section 1505.13.2.2. Prior to temporarily which, if broken after system approval, shall be deemed
connecting the potable line to the recycled water supply conclusive evidence that the recycled water supply sys-
system for the initial cross-connection test purposes, the tem has been accessed. The seals shall be purple, num-
potable line must have a reduced-pressure principle bered, and contain the words “RECYCLED WATER”,
backflow preventer installed. and shall be supplied by the recycled water purveyor, or
by other arrangements acceptable to the Authority Hav-
(3) Reclaimed (recycled) water is permitted to be used as ing Jurisdiction.
makeup water for an alternate water source system pro-
vided the recycled water supply system is protected by 1505.8.2 Valve and Appurtenance Access Door
an air gap in accordance with this code. Signs. Each reclaimed (recycled) water valve within a
wall shall have its access door into the wall equipped
(4) Upon State Water Resources Control Board’s approval with a warning sign approximately 6 inches by 6 inches
of a water user’s changeover device, swivel ell, or other (152 mm x 152 mm) with wording in approximately 3/8
assembly that complies with the design, construction, inch (9.5 mm) letters on a purple background. The word-
legal and other requirements, as well as with the water ing text and format of the sign shall be substantially the
user’s ongoing compliance with operating, monitoring, same as that specified in Section 1505.12.3. The signs
reporting, and other periodic requirements, potable shall be attached inside the access door frame and shall
water is permitted to be used as an auxiliary water sup- hang in the center of the access door frame. This sign
ply when there is an interruption to the reclaimed (recy- requirement shall be applicable to any and all access
cled) water supply by using the changeover device, doors, hatches, etc., leading to reclaimed (recycled)
swivel ell, or other assembly. water piping and appurtenances.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 313

ALTERNATE WATER SOURCES FOR NONPOTABLE APPLICATIONS

1505.9 Hose Bibbs. Hose bibbs shall not be allowed on Section 1143A.5 and Section 11B-703.5. The location of
reclaimed (recycled) water piping systems. Only quick cou- the sign(s) shall be such that the sign(s) are visible to
plers that differs from those installed on the potable water users and shall be approved by the Authority Having
system shall be used on the recycled water piping system in Jurisdiction. The sign(s) shall contain the following text:
areas subject to public access. Quick couplers supplying TO CONSERVE WATER, THIS BUILDING USES RECY-
reclaimed (recycled) water shall be marked with the words: CLED WATER TO FLUSH TOILETS AND URINALS.
“CAUTION: NONPOTABLE RECYCLED WATER, DO 1505.12.2 Tank-Type Toilet Signs. Where tank-type
NOT DRINK,” and one of the symbols in Figure 1505.9. toilets (water closets) are flushed with recycled water, a
Exception: In accordance with Health and Safety Code Sec- permanent sign (such as plastic or stainless steel) shall
tion 8117 and Section 8118, hose bibbs are approved for use be installed inside the tank to warn that the water within
in cemeteries supplied with reclaimed (recycled) water. A the tank is not a suitable emergency drinking water sup-
hose bibb in an area subject to access by the general public ply. The sign shall be labeled: “CAUTION: NON-
shall be equipped with a sign marked “CAUTION: NON- POTABLE RECYCLED WATER – DO NOT DRINK.”
POTABLE RECYCLED WATER, DO NOT DRINK,” and one 1505.12.3 Equipment Room Signs. Each room con-
of the symbols in Figure 1505.9. taining reclaimed (recycled) water equipment shall have
a sign posted in a location that is visible to anyone work-
ing on or near reclaimed (recycled) water equipment with
the following wording in 1 inch (25.4 mm) letters on a
purple background:
CAUTION: NONPOTABLE RECYCLED WATER, DO
NOT DRINK. DO NOT CONNECT TO DRINKING
WATER SYSTEM. NOTICE: CONTACT BUILDING
MANAGEMENT BEFORE PERFORMING ANY WORK
FIGURE 1505.9 ON THIS WATER SYSTEM.
1505.13 Inspection and Testing. Recycled water supply
1505.10 Required Appurtenances. The recycled water systems shall be inspected and tested in accordance with Sec-
supply system and the potable water system within the build- tion 1505.13.1 and Section 1505.13.2. The reclaimed (recy-
ing and the premises shall be provided with the required cled) water purveyor or other designated appointee may
appurtenances (e.g., valves, air/vacuum relief valves, etc.) to substitute for the Authority Having Jurisdiction for the pur-
pose of inspections and tests pursuant to this section.
allow for testing as required for a cross-connection test in
accordance with Section 1505.13.2. 1505.13.1 Supply System Inspection and Test.
Recycled water supply systems shall be inspected and
1505.11 Pipe Separation in Trenches. Reclaimed (recy- tested in accordance with this code for testing of potable
cled) water pipes shall be permitted to be run or laid in the same water piping.
trench as potable water pipes with 12 inches (305 mm) mini-
mum vertical and horizontal separation where both pipe mate- 1505.13.2 Cross-Connection Inspection and Test-
ing. An initial visual inspection and an initial cross-con-
rials are approved for use within a building. Where piping
nection test shall be performed on both the potable and
materials do not meet this requirement, the minimum horizon-
recycled water supply systems before the initial operation
tal separation shall be increased to 48 inches (1220 mm). The of the recycled water supply system. During an initial or
potable water piping shall be installed at an elevation above the subsequent cross-connection test, the potable water sys-
reclaimed (recycled) water piping. Reclaimed (recycled) water tem and recycled water supply system shall be isolated
pipes laid in the same trench or crossing building sewer or from each other and independently inspected and tested to
drainage piping shall be installed in accordance with Section ensure there is no cross-connection in accordance with
609.0 and Section 720.0 of this code for water pipes. Section 1505.13.2.2. Initial or subsequent inspections or
1505.12 Signage. Signs in rooms and water closet tanks in tests shall be performed in accordance with Section
buildings using reclaimed (recycled) water shall be in accor- 1505.13.2.1 through Section 1505.13.2.4. The inspection
dance with Section 1505.12.1, Section 1505.12.2, and Section and testing shall be performed by a cross-connection con-
1505.12.3. Signs on access doors to valves and appurtenances trol specialist who has valid certification from a certify-
shall be in accordance with Section 1505.8.2. ing organization recognized by the State Water Resources
Control Board.
1505.12.1 Commercial, Industrial, Institutional,
and Residential Restroom Signs. A sign shall be (1) Written reports of cross-connection inspections and
installed in each restroom of commercial, industrial, and testing shall be performed as provided in California
institutional occupancies, and in residential common use Code of Regulations, Title 22, Section 60316.
areas using reclaimed (recycled) water for water clos- (2) A cross-connection test pursuant to Section
ets, urinals, or both. Each sign shall contain letters of a 1505.13.2.2 shall be performed on the premises of a
highly visible color on a contrasting background with a recycled water supply system when there is material
character height as specified in the California Building reason to believe that the potable water system or
Code (California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 2), recycled water supply system separation from

314 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

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another water supply has been compromised. A connection test, a temporary connection to a
material reason to believe that the system has been potable water supply shall be required to test
compromised may be based on, but is not limited to, the recycled water supply system plumbing. At
evidence gathered (a) during a visual inspection the conclusion of the initial cross-connection
performed pursuant to Section 1505.13.2.1, (b) as a test, the temporary connection to the potable
result of an inspection performed following com- water supply shall be disconnected.
plaints of water quality or flow conditions consis- (7) The recycled water supply system shall remain
tent with a compromised system, or (c) during a pressurized for a minimum period of time spec-
visual inspection that indicates that the recycled ified by the Authority Having Jurisdiction while
water supply system has been modified. the potable water system is empty. The mini-
1505.13.2.1 Visual System Inspection. A visual mum period the potable water system is to
dual system inspection shall be conducted by the remain depressurized shall be determined on a
Authority Having Jurisdiction and other authorities case-by-case basis, but in no case shall that
having jurisdiction to verify that no modifications period be less than 1 hour.
were made, and that no cross-connections are visi- (8) All fixtures, potable and reclaimed (recycled)
ble as follows: water, shall be tested and inspected for flow.
(1) Meter locations of the reclaimed (recycled) water Flow from a potable water system outlet indi-
source and potable water lines shall be checked. cates a cross-connection. No flow from a recy-
(2) All pumps and equipment, equipment room cled water supply system outlet will indicate
signs, and exposed piping in equipment room that it is connected to the potable water system.
shall be checked. (9) The drain on the potable water system shall be
checked for flow during the test and at the end
(3) All valves shall be checked to ensure that the
of the test.
valve lock seals are still in place and intact.
Valve control door signs shall be checked to (10) Where there is no flow detected in the fixtures
verify that no signs have been removed. that would indicate a cross-connection, the
potable water system shall be repressurized.
1505.13.2.2 Cross-Connection Test. A cross-
connection test shall be performed pursuant to Sec- Where shutting off the water is not practical for res-
tion 1505.13.2. The test shall be conducted in the idential, institutional, or industrial buildings, the
presence of the Authority Having Jurisdiction or Authority Having Jurisdiction may authorize testing
other authorities having jurisdiction to determine procedures other than those described above.
whether a cross connection has occurred as follows: 1505.13.2.3 Discovery of Cross-Connection.
(1) The potable water system shall be activated and In the event that a cross-connection is discovered,
pressurized. The recycled water supply system the following procedure shall be activated immedi-
shall be shut down, depressurized, and drained. ately:
(1) Notify the Authority Having Jurisdiction of the
(2) The potable water system shall remain pressur-
cross-connection.
ized for a minimum period of time specified by
the Authority Having Jurisdiction while the (2) The reclaimed (recycled) water piping to the
recycled water supply system is empty. The min- building and its premises shall be shut down at
imum period the recycled water supply system the meter, and the reclaimed (recycled) water
is to remain depressurized shall be determined riser shall be drained.
on a case-by-case basis, taking into account the (3) Potable water piping to the building and its
size and complexity of the potable and the recy- premises shall be shut down at the meter.
cled water supply systems, but in no case shall (4) The cross-connection shall be uncovered and
that period be less than 1 hour. disconnected.
(3) All fixtures, potable and reclaimed (recycled) (5) The building and its premises shall be retested
water source, shall be tested and inspected for in accordance with Section 1505.13.2.1 and
flow. Flow from a recycled water supply system Section 1505.13.2.2.
outlet indicates a cross-connection. No flow from (6) The potable water system shall be chlorinated
a potable water outlet shall indicate that it is with 50 parts-per-million (ppm) chlorine for 24
connected to the recycled water supply system. hours.
(4) The drain on the recycled water supply system (7) The potable water system shall be flushed after
shall be checked for flow during the test and at 24 hours, and a standard bacteriological test
the end of the test. shall be performed. Where test results are
(5) The potable water system shall then be depres- acceptable, the potable water system shall be
surized and drained. permitted to be recharged.
(6) The recycled water supply system shall then be 1505.13.2.4 Periodic Inspection. Periodic
activated and pressurized. For the initial cross- visual inspections of recycled water supply systems

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TABLE 1505.15
MINIMUM RECLAIMED (RECYCLED) WATER SOURCE TESTING, INSPECTION, AND MAINTENANCE FREQUENCY
DESCRIPTION MINIMUM FREQUENCY*
Inspect and clean filters and screens, and replace (where necessary). Every 3 months.
Inspect pumps and verify operation. After initial installation and every 12 months thereafter.
Inspect valves and verify operation. After initial installation and every 12 months thereafter.
Inspect pressure tanks and verify operation. After initial installation and every 12 months thereafter.
Clear debris from and inspect storage tanks, locking devices, and After initial installation and every 12 months thereafter.
verify operation.
Inspect caution labels and marking. After initial installation and every 12 months thereafter.
*Note: Frequency is as described in this table, or more frequently as required by manufacturer’s instructions and/or the Authority Having Jurisdiction.

shall be required by the recycled water supplier or Authority Having Jurisdiction, have been submitted and
designee following the procedures in Section approved. [BSC-CG, HCD 1] Prior to commencing the
1505.13.2.1. Pursuant to California Code of Regu- issuance of permits for indoor gray water systems pursuant to
lations, Title 22, Section 60316, annual visual state requirements relating to graywater, a city, county, city
inspections shall be required for recycled water sup- and county or other local agency shall seek consultation with
ply systems that are within or a part of a building. the local public health department to ensure that local pub-
1505.14 Minimum Water Quality Requirements for lic health concerns are addressed in local standards or ordi-
Reclaimed (Recycled) Water. The minimum water qual- nances, or in issuing permits. See California Water Code
ity for reclaimed (recycled) water shall meet the applicable Section 14877.3.
water quality requirements of California Code of Regulations, 1506.3 System Changes. No changes or connections shall
Title 22, Division 4, Chapter 3 (commencing with Section be made to either the on-site treated nonpotable gray water
60301) for disinfected tertiary recycled water and the appli- system or the potable water system within a site containing an
cable reclaimed (recycled) water use. The reclaimed (recy- on-site treated nonpotable gray water system without
cled) water supplier shall supply water in accordance with approval by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
permits issued by the State Water Resources Control Board or 1506.4 Connections to Potable or Recycled Water
Regional Water Quality Control Board. Supply Systems. On-site treated nonpotable gray water
1505.15 Maintenance and Inspection. Recycled water systems shall have no direct connection to a potable water
supply systems and components shall be inspected and main- supply or recycled water supply system.
tained in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations
Exceptions:
and/or as required by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. The
frequency of testing, inspection, and maintenance shall be in (1) Potable or reclaimed (recycled) water is permitted to be
accordance with Table 1505.15. The required inspection and used as makeup water for a non-pressurized storage tank
maintenance shall be the responsibility of the property owner, provided the makeup water supply inlet is protected by
unless otherwise required by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. an air gap in accordance with this code.
(2) A potable water supply may be connected temporarily for
1506.0 On-Site Treated Nonpotable Gray Water Sys- the initial cross-connection test of the on-site treated non-
tems. potable gray water system as provided in Section 1502.3.2.
1506.1 General. The provisions of this section shall apply 1506.5 Initial Cross-Connection Test. A cross-connec-
to the installation, construction, alteration, and repair of on- tion test is required in accordance with Section 1502.3. Before
site treated nonpotable gray water systems intended to supply the building is occupied or the system is activated, the
uses such as water closets, urinals, trap primers for floor installer shall perform the initial cross-connection test in the
drains and floor sinks, above and belowground irrigation, and presence of the Authority Having Jurisdiction and other
other uses approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. authorities having jurisdiction. The test shall be ruled suc-
Other approved nonpotable water sources including swim- cessful by the Authority Having Jurisdiction before final
ming pool backwash operations, air conditioner condensate, approval is granted.
rainwater, cooling tower blow-down water, foundation 1506.6 On-Site Treated Nonpotable Gray Water Sys-
drainage, steam system condensate, fluid cooler discharge tem Materials. On-site treated nonpotable gray water sup-
water, food steamer discharge water, combination oven dis- ply, and distribution system materials shall comply with the
charge water, industrial process water, and fire pump test water requirements of this code for potable water supply and dis-
may be permitted to be collected for re-use by gray water sys- tribution systems unless otherwise provided for in this sec-
tems, as approved for the intended application. tion.
1506.2 Plumbing Plan Submission. No permit for an 1506.7 On-Site Treated Nonpotable Gray Water
on-site treated nonpotable gray water system shall be issued Devices and Systems. Devices or equipment used to treat
until complete plumbing plans, with data satisfactory to the on-site treated nonpotable gray water to maintain the mini-

316 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

ALTERNATE WATER SOURCES FOR NONPOTABLE APPLICATIONS

mum water quality requirements determined by the Author- 1506.9.6 Disinfection. Where the intended use of
ity Having Jurisdiction shall be listed or labeled (third-party onsite treated nonpotable gray water requires disinfec-
certified) by a listing agency (accredited conformity assess- tion and/or other treatment, on-site treated nonpotable
ment body) or approved for the intended application. Devices gray water shall be disinfected as needed to ensure the
or equipment used to treat on-site treated nonpotable gray required water quality is obtained at the point of use.
water for use in the water closet and urinal flushing, surface Where chlorine is used for disinfection or treatment,
irrigation, and similar applications shall comply with NSF water shall be tested for residual chlorine in accordance
350 or approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. with ASTM D1253.
1506.8 On-Site Treated Nonpotable Gray Water Sys- 1506.10 Valves. Valves, except fixture supply control
tem Color and Marking Information. On-site treated valves, shall be equipped with a locking feature.
nonpotable gray water systems shall have a colored back- 1506.11 Signs. Signs in buildings using on-site treated non-
ground and marking information in accordance with Section potable gray water shall comply with Sections 1501.9, Sec-
601.3 of this code. tion 1501.9.1, and 1501.9.2, and applicable requirements of the
1506.9 Design and Installation. The design and installa- California Building Code.
tion of on-site treated nonpotable gray water systems shall be 1506.12 Inspection and Testing. On-site treated non-
in accordance with Section 1506.9.1 through Section potable gray water systems shall be inspected and tested in
1506.9.6. accordance with Section 1502.1 and/or as required by the
1506.9.1 Listing Terms and Installation Instruc- Authority Having Jurisdiction.
tions. On-site treated nonpotable gray water systems
shall be installed in accordance with the terms of its list-
ing and the manufacturer’s installation instructions.
1506.9.2 Minimum Water Quality [BSC-CG, HCD
1]. On-site treated nonpotable gray water supplied to toi-
lets or urinals or for other uses in which it is sprayed or
exposed shall be disinfected. Acceptable disinfection
methods shall include chlorination, ultraviolet steriliza-
tion, ozone, or other methods as approved by the Author-
ity Having Jurisdiction. The minimum water quality for
on-site treated nonpotable gray water systems shall meet
the applicable water quality requirements for the
intended applications as determined by the public health
Authority Having Jurisdiction. In the absence of local
water quality requirements for on-site treated nonpotable
gray water, the requirements of NSF 350 shall apply.
1506.9.3 Deactivation and Drainage. The on-site
treated nonpotable gray water system and the potable
water system within the building shall be provided with
the required appurtenances (e.g., valves, air/vacuum
relief valves, etc.) to allow for deactivation or drainage as
required for a cross-connection test in accordance with
Section 1502.3.
1506.9.4 Near Underground Potable Water Pipe.
On-site treated nonpotable gray water pipes shall be per-
mitted to be run or laid in the same trench as potable
water pipes with a 12 inch (305 mm) minimum vertical
and horizontal separation where both pipe materials are
approved for use within a building. Where piping mate-
rials do not meet this requirement the minimum separa-
tion shall be increased to 60 inches (1524 mm). The
potable water piping shall be installed at an elevation
above the on-site treated nonpotable gray water piping.
1506.9.5 Required Filters. A filter permitting the pas-
sage of particulates no larger than 100 microns (100 µm)
shall be provided for on-site treated nonpotable gray
water supplied to water closets, urinals, trap primers, and
drip irrigation systems.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 317

318 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
CHAPTER 16 – NONPOTABLE RAINWATER CATCHMENT SYSTEMS
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections X X X
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
that are listed below

> Chapter/Section
1601.2
1601.3 & Exceptions 1 & 2
X
X
X
X X
1601.5 X X
1601.5.1 X X X
1601.6 X X
1601.7 X X
1602.4 & Exceptions X X X

> 1602.7 (Ref. 1602.7.3)

1603.4
1603.4.1 & Exception
X
X
X
X
X
1603.5 X X
1603.5.2 X X
Table 1603.5 X X

> 1603.6
1603.8
1603.9
X
X
X
X
X
1603.10 X X
1603.11 A, B X X

> 1603.13
1604.1 - 1604.3
1605.3
X
X
X
X
X
X
1605.3.2 X X
1605.3.3 X X
This state agency does not adopt sections identified with the following symbol: †
The Office of the State Fire Marshal’s adoption of this chapter or individual sections is applicable to structures regulated by other state agencies pursuant to
Section 1.11.0.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 319

320 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
CHAPTER 16
NONPOTABLE RAINWATER CATCHMENT SYSTEMS

1601.0 General. TABLE 1601.5

MINIMUM ALTERNATE WATER SOURCE TESTING,
1601.1 Applicability. The provisions of this chapter shall INSPECTION, AND MAINTENANCE FREQUENCY
apply to the installation, construction, alteration, and repair
DESCRIPTION MINIMUM FREQUENCY
of nonpotable rainwater catchment systems.
Inspect and clean filters and
1601.1.1 Allowable Use of Alternate Water. Where screens, and replace (where Every 3 months
approved or required by the Authority Having Jurisdiction, necessary).
rainwater shall be permitted to be used instead of potable
Inspect and verify that
water for the applications identified in this chapter.
disinfection, filters, and water
1601.2 System Design. Rainwater catchment systems shall quality treatment devices and
be designed in accordance with this chapter by a person reg- In accordance with manufac-
systems are operational and
istered or licensed to perform plumbing design work or who turer’s instructions and the
maintaining minimum water
Authority Having Jurisdiction.
demonstrates competency to design the rainwater catchment quality requirements as
system as required by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. determined by the Authority
Components, piping, and fittings used in a rainwater catch- Having Jurisdiction.
ment system shall be listed. Inspect and clear debris from
[HCD 1] Irrigation design plans shall meet the requirements rainwater gutters, downspouts, Every 6 months
of the California Code of Regulations, Title 23, Division 2, and roof washers.
Chapter 2.7, Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance. Inspect and clear debris from
Exceptions: the roof or another above-
Every 6 months
ground rainwater collection
(1) A person registered or licensed to perform plumbing surfaces.
design work is not required to design rainwater catch-
ment systems used for irrigation with a maximum storage Remove tree branches and
vegetation overhanging a roof
capacity of 360 gallons (1363 L). As needed
or other aboveground rainwater
(2) A person registered or licensed to perform plumbing collection surfaces.
design work is not required to design rainwater catch- Inspect pumps and verify After initial installation and
ment systems for single family dwellings where outlets, operation. every 12 months thereafter
piping, and system components are located on the exte-
Inspect valves and verify After initial installation and
rior of the building.
operation. every 12 months thereafter
1601.3 Permit. It shall be unlawful for a person to construct, Inspect pressure tanks and After initial installation and
install, alter, or cause to be constructed, installed, or altered verify operation. every 12 months thereafter
a nonpotable rainwater catchment system in a building or on
Clear debris from and inspect
a premise without first obtaining a permit to do such work After initial installation and
storage tanks, locking devices,
from the Authority Having Jurisdiction. every 12 months thereafter
and verify operation.
Exceptions: Inspect caution labels and After initial installation and
(1) A permit is not required for exterior rainwater catchment marking. every 12 months thereafter
systems used for outdoor non-spray irrigation with a Cross-connection inspection After initial installation and
maximum storage capacity of 5000 gallons (18 927 L) and test.* every 12 months thereafter
where the tank is supported directly upon grade and the Test water quality of rainwater
ratio of height to diameter or width does not exceed 2 to catchment systems required by Every 12 months. After system
1 and it does not require electrical power or a makeup Section 1603.5 to maintain a renovation or repair.
water supply connection. minimum water quality.
(2) [HCD 1 & HCD 2] A permit is not required for exterior * The cross-connection test shall be performed in the presence of the
rainwater catchment systems used for spray irrigation Authority Having Jurisdiction in accordance with the requirements of this
with a maximum storage capacity of 360 gallons (1363 L). chapter.

1601.4 Component Identification. System components

shall be properly identified as to the manufacturer. 1601.5.1 Maintenance Responsibility. The required
1601.5 Maintenance and Inspection. Rainwater catch- maintenance and inspection of rainwater catchment sys-
ment systems and components shall be inspected and main- tems shall be the responsibility of the property owner
tained in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations unless otherwise required by the Authority Having Juris-
and/or as required by the enforcing agency. diction.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 321

NONPOTABLE RAINWATER CATCHMENT SYSTEMS

1601.6 Operation and Maintenance Manual. An oper- Exceptions:

ation and maintenance manual for rainwater catchment sys- (1) Potable water, on-site treated nonpotable gray water, or
tems required to have a permit in accordance with Section reclaimed (recycled) water is permitted to be used as
1601.3, shall be supplied to the building owner by the system makeup water for a rainwater catchment system provided
designer or installer. The operating and maintenance manual
the connection is protected by an air gap in accordance
shall include the following:
with this code.
(1) Diagram(s) of the entire system and the location of sys-
tem components. (2) A potable water supply may be connected temporarily
for the initial cross-connection test of the rainwater
(2) Instructions for operating and maintaining the system.
catchment system as required in Section 1605.3.2.
(3) Instructions on maintaining the required water quality
for rainwater catchment systems. 1602.5 Initial Cross-Connection Test. Where a portion
of a rainwater catchment system is installed within a building,
(4) Details startup, shutdown, and deactivating the system
for maintenance, repair, or other purposes. a cross-connection test is required in accordance with Sec-
tion 1605.3. Before the building is occupied or the system is
(5) Applicable testing, inspection, and maintenance fre-
activated, the installer shall perform the initial cross-connec-
quencies in accordance with Section 1601.5.
tion test in the presence of the Authority Having Jurisdiction
(6) A method of contacting the installer and/or manufac- and other authorities having jurisdiction. The test shall be
turer(s).
ruled successful by the Authority Having Jurisdiction before
(7) Directions to the owner or occupant that the manual final approval is granted.
shall remain with the building throughout the life cycle of
the structure. 1602.6 Sizing. The design and size of rainwater drains, gut-
ters, conductors, and leaders shall comply with Chapter 11 of
1601.7 Minimum Water Quality Requirements. The
minimum water quality for rainwater catchment systems shall this code.
comply with the applicable water quality requirements for the 1602.7 Rainwater Catchment System Materials. Rain-
intended application as determined by the Authority Having water catchment system materials shall comply with Section
Jurisdiction. Water quality for nonpotable rainwater catch- 1602.7.1 through Section 1602.7.3.
ment systems shall comply with Section 1603.5. In the 1602.7.1 Water Supply and Distribution Materi-
absence of water quality requirements for harvested rainwa- als. Rainwater catchment water supply and distribution
ter, Table 1603.5 shall apply.
materials shall comply with the requirements of this code
Exceptions: for potable water supply and distribution systems unless
(1) Water treatment is not required for rainwater catchment otherwise provided for in this section.
systems used for aboveground irrigation with a maxi-
1602.7.2 Rainwater Catchment System Drainage
mum storage capacity of 360 gallons (1363 L).
Materials. Materials used in rainwater catchment
(2) Water treatment is not required for rainwater catchment drainage systems, including gutters, downspouts, con-
systems used for surface, subsurface or drip irrigation.
ductors, and leaders shall be in accordance with the
requirements of this code for storm drainage.
1602.0 Nonpotable Rainwater Catchment Systems. 1602.7.3 Storage Tanks. Rainwater storage tanks shall
1602.1 General. The installation, construction, alteration, comply with Section 1603.6.
and repair of rainwater catchments systems intended to sup-
ply uses such as water closets, urinals, trap primers for floor 1602.8 Rainwater Catchment System Color and
drains and floor sinks, irrigation, industrial processes, water Marking Information. Rainwater catchment systems shall
features, cooling tower makeup and other uses shall be have a colored background in accordance with Section 601.3.
approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Rainwater Rainwater catchment systems shall be marked, in lettering in
catchment systems for collecting precipitation from rooftops accordance with Section 601.3.3, with the words: “CAU-
shall comply with ARCSA/ASPE 63. TION: NONPOTABLE RAINWATER, DO NOT DRINK.”
1602.2 Plumbing Plan Submission. No permit for a
rainwater catchment system shall be issued until complete
1602.9 Deactivation and Drainage for Cross-Connec-
tion Test. The rainwater catchment system and the potable
«
plumbing plans, with data satisfactory to the Authority Hav- water system within the building shall be provided with the
ing Jurisdiction, have been submitted and approved. required appurtenances (e.g., valves, air or vacuum relief
1602.3 System Changes. No changes or connections shall valves, etc.) to allow for deactivation or drainage as required for
be made to either the rainwater catchment system or the
potable water system within a site containing a rainwater
catchment system requiring a permit without approval by the
a cross-connection test in accordance with Section 1605.3.

1603.0 Design and Installation.

<
Authority Having Jurisdiction.
1602.4 Connections to Potable or Reclaimed (Recy- 1603.1 Rainwater Catchment Systems. The design and
installation of nonpotable rainwater catchment systems shall
«
cled) Water Systems. Rainwater catchment systems shall
have no direct connection to a potable water supply or alter- be in accordance with Section 1603.2 through Section
nate water source system. 1603.20.

322 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

NONPOTABLE RAINWATER CATCHMENT SYSTEMS

» 1603.2 Outside Hose Bibbs. Outside hose bibbs shall be

allowed on rainwater piping systems. Hose bibbs supplying
with an appropriate treatment device meeting applicable
NSF standards referenced in Chapter 17.
rainwater shall be marked with the words: “CAUTION:
NONPOTABLE RAINWATER, DO NOT DRINK” and in TABLE 1603.5
MINIMUM WATER QUALITY
«
Figure 1603.2.
MINIMUM
APPLICATION MINIMUM TREATMENT WATER
QUALITY
Car washing Debris excluder or other
approved means in
accordance with Section
1603.18, and 100
N/A
microns (100 µm) in
accordance with Section
1603.19 for drip irriga-
tion.
Surface, Subsurface and Debris excluder or other
drip irrigation approved means in
accordance with Section
1603.18, and 100
N/A
microns (100 µm) in

» FIGURE 1603.2
accordance with Section
1603.19 for drip irriga-
tion.

» 1603.3 Construction. Rainwater storage tanks shall be

constructed of solid, durable materials not subject to exces-
Spray irrigation where Debris excluder or other
the maximum storage approved means in
volume is less than 360 accordance with Section
sive corrosion or decay and shall be watertight. gallons (1363 L) N/A
»
1603.18, and disinfec-
1603.4 Rainwater Catchment Collection Surfaces. tion in accordance with
Rainwater shall be collected from roof surfaces or other Section 1603.16.
impervious manmade, aboveground collection surfaces.
» 1603.4.1 Other Surfaces. Natural precipitation col-
lected from surface water runoff, vehicular parking sur-
Spray irrigation where
the maximum storage
Debris excluder or other
approved means in
Escherichia
coli: < 100
volume is equal to or CFU/100 mL,
faces, or manmade surfaces at or below grade shall be in accordance with Section
more than 360 gallons and Turbidity:
accordance with the water quality requirements for on- 1603.18.
(1363 L) < 10 NTU
site treated nonpotable gray water systems in Section Urinal and water closet Debris excluder or other
1506.0. flushing, clothes wash- approved means in Escherichia
Exception: Collected rainwater or storm water used ing, and trap priming accordance with Section coli: < 100
exclusively for subsurface landscape irrigation. 1603.18, and 100 CFU/100 mL,
» 1603.4.2 Prohibited Discharges. Overflows and
bleed-off pipes from roof-mounted equipment and appli-
microns (100 µm) in and Turbidity:
accordance with Section < 10 NTU
ances shall not discharge onto roof surfaces that are 1603.19.
intended to collect rainwater without prior approval from Ornamental fountains Escherichia
Debris excluder or other
the Authority Having Jurisdiction. and other water features coli: < 100
approved means in
» 1603.5 Minimum Water Quality. The minimum water
quality for harvested rainwater shall meet the applicable water
accordance with Section
1603.18.
CFU/100 mL,
and Turbidity:
< 10 NTU
quality requirements for the intended applications as deter-
Cooling tower make-up Debris excluder or other
mined by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. In the absence of
water approved means in Escherichia
water quality requirements determined by the Authority Hav-
ing Jurisdiction, the minimum treatment and water quality accordance with Section coli: < 100
1603.18, and 100 CFU/100 mL,
shall be in accordance with Table 1603.5.
microns (100 µm)in and Turbidity:
Exception: [BSC] No treatment is required for rainwater used accordance with Section < 10 NTU
for subsurface or nonsprinkled surface irrigation where the 1603.19.
maximum storage volume is less than 5000 gallons (18 927 L)
where the tank is supported directly upon grade and the ratio
of height to diameter or width does not exceed 2 to 1. 1603.5.2 Disinfection. Where the initial quality of the
1603.5.1 Treatment. If the quality of the tested water can- collected rainwater requires disinfection or other treat-
not consistently be maintained at the minimum levels spec- ment or both, the collected rainwater shall be treated as
ified in Table 1603.5, then the system shall be equipped necessary to ensure the required water quality is deliv-

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 323

NONPOTABLE RAINWATER CATCHMENT SYSTEMS

ered at the point of use. Where chlorine is used for dis- (A) Animals and Insects. Screens installed on vent pipes,
infection or treatment, water shall be tested for residual inlets, and overflow pipes shall have an aperture of not
chlorine in accordance with ASTM D1253. The levels of greater than 1∕16 of an inch (1.6 mm) and shall be close fit-
residual chlorine shall not exceed the levels allowed for ting.
the intended use in accordance with the requirements of (B) Human Access. A minimum of one access opening shall
the local enforcing agency. be provided to allow inspection and cleaning. Rainwater
» 1603.6 Rainwater Storage Tanks. Rainwater storage
tanks shall be constructed and installed in accordance with
tank manholes and access openings shall be secured by
either a lockable device or other approved method to pre-
Section 1603.3 and Section 1603.7 through Section 1603.13. vent unauthorized access.
» 1603.7 Location. Rainwater storage tanks shall be permit- 1603.12 Marking. Rainwater tanks shall be permanently
marked with the capacity and the language: “NONPOTABLE
«
ted to be installed above or below grade.
» 1603.8 Above Grade. Above grade, storage tanks shall be
of an opaque material, approved for aboveground use in direct
RAINWATER.” Where openings are provided to allow a per-
son to enter the tank, the opening shall be marked with the fol-
lowing language: “DANGER-CONFINED SPACE.”
sunlight or shall be shielded from direct sunlight. Tanks shall
be installed in an accessible location to allow for inspection 1603.13 Storage Tank Venting. Where venting using
drainage or overflow piping is not provided or is considered
«
and cleaning. The tank shall be installed on a foundation or
platform that is constructed to accommodate loads in accor- insufficient, a vent shall be installed on each tank. The vent
dance with the California Building Code. shall extend from the top of the tank and terminate not less
than 6 inches (152 mm) above grade and shall be provided
Exception: Tanks may be installed directly on grade in accor- with a vent sized in accordance with this code, and based on
dance with Section 1601.3. the size of the influent pipe. The vent terminal shall be
» 1603.9 Below Grade. Rainwater storage tanks installed
below grade shall be structurally designed to withstand antic-
directed downward and covered with a 1∕16 of an inch (1.6
mm) mesh screen to prevent the entry of vermin and insects.
ipated earth or other loads. Holding tank covers shall be capa- Tank vent pipes shall not be connected to the sanitary
ble of supporting an earth load of not less than 300 pounds per drainage system vent.
square foot (lb/ft2) (1465 kg/m2) where the tank is designed
for underground installation. Below grade rainwater tanks
1603.14 Pumps. Pumps serving rainwater catchment sys-
tems shall be listed. Pumps supplying water to water closets,
«
installed underground shall be provided with manholes. Below urinals, and trap primers shall be capable of delivering not
grade storage tanks, located outside of the building, shall be less than 15 pounds-force per square inch (psi) (103 kPa)
provided with either a manhole not less than 24 inches (610 residual pressure at the highest and most remote outlet served.
mm) square or a manhole with an inside diameter of not less Where the water pressure in the rainwater supply system
than 24 inches (610 mm). Service ports in manhole covers within the building exceeds 80 psi (552 kPa), a pressure
shall be not less than 8 inches (203 mm) in diameter. The man- reducing valve reducing the pressure to 80 psi (552 kPa) or
hole opening shall be not less than 20 inches (508 mm) in less to water outlets in the building shall be installed in accor-
diameter and located not less than 4 inches (102 mm) above dance with this code.
the surrounding grade. The surrounding grade shall be sloped
away from the manhole. Underground tanks shall be ballasted,
1603.15 Roof Drains. Primary and secondary roof drains,
conductors, leaders, and gutters shall be designed and
«
anchored, or otherwise secured, to prevent the tank from float- installed in accordance with this code.
ing out of the ground where empty. The combined weight of
the tank and hold down system shall meet or exceed the buoy-
1603.16 Water Quality Devices and Equipment.
Devices and equipment used to treat rainwater to maintain
«
ancy force of the tank.
» 1603.10 Drainage and Overflow. Rainwater storage tanks
shall be provided with a means of draining and cleaning. The
the minimum water quality requirements determined by the
Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be listed or labeled (third-
party certified) by a listing agency (accredited conformity
overflow drain shall not be equipped with a shutoff valve. assessment body) and approved for the intended application.
The overflow outlet shall discharge in accordance with this
code for storm drainage systems. Where discharging to the
1603.17 Freeze Protection. Tanks and piping installed in
locations subject to freezing shall be provided with an
«
storm drainage system, the overflow drain and tank drain approved means of freeze protection.
shall be protected from backflow of the storm drainage sys-
tem by a backwater valve or other approved method. Back-
1603.18 Debris Removal. The rainwater catchment con-
veyance system shall be equipped with a debris excluder or
«
water valves shall be installed so that access is provided to
other approved means to prevent the accumulation of leaves,
the working parts for service and repair.
needles, other debris and sediment from entering the storage
» 1603.10.1 Overflow Outlet Size. The overflow out-
let shall be sized to accommodate the flow of the rain-
tank. Devices or methods used to remove debris or sediment
shall be accessible and sized and installed in accordance with
water entering the tank and not less than the aggregate manufacturer’s installation instructions.
cross-sectional area of inflow pipes. 1603.19 Required Filters. A filter permitting the passage «
» 1603.11 Opening and Access Protection. Rainwater
tank openings shall be protected to prevent the entrance of
of particulates not larger than 100 microns (100 µm) shall be
provided for rainwater supplied to water closets, urinals, trap
insects, birds, or rodents into the tank and piping systems. primers, and drip irrigation systems.

324 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

NONPOTABLE RAINWATER CATCHMENT SYSTEMS

» 1603.20 Roof Gutters. Gutters shall maintain a minimum

slope and be sized in accordance with Section 1103.3.
(1) Pumps, equipment, equipment room signs, and
exposed piping in an equipment room shall be
checked.
1604.0 Signs. 1605.3.2 Cross-Connection Test. A cross-connec-
tion test shall be performed in the presence of the Author-
1604.1 General. Signs in buildings using rainwater shall be ity Having Jurisdiction or other authorities having
in accordance with Section 1604.2 and Section 1604.3, and jurisdiction to determine whether a cross-connection has
applicable requirements of the California Building Code. occurred as follows:
1604.2 Commercial, Industrial, Institutional and Res- (1) The potable water system shall be activated and
idential Restroom Signs. A sign shall be installed in rest- pressurized. The rainwater catchment water system
rooms in commercial, industrial, and institutional shall be shut down and completely drained.
occupancies, and in residential common use areas using non-
potable rainwater for water closets, urinals, or both. Signs (2) The potable water system shall remain pressurized
shall comply with all applicable requirements of the Califor- for a minimum period of time specified by the
nia Building Code. Each sign shall contain following text: Authority Having Jurisdiction while the rainwater
catchment water system is empty. The minimum
TO CONSERVE WATER, THIS BUILDING USES RAIN- period the rainwater catchment water system is to
WATER TO FLUSH TOILETS AND URINALS. remain depressurized shall be determined on a case-
1604.3 Equipment Room Signs. Each equipment room by-case basis, taking into account the size and com-
containing nonpotable rainwater equipment shall have a sign plexity of the potable and rainwater catchment water
posted with the following wording in 1 inch (25.4 mm) letters: distribution systems, but in no case shall that period
CAUTION NONPOTABLE RAINWATER, DO NOT be less than 1 hour.
DRINK. DO NOT CONNECT TO DRINKING WATER (3) Fixtures, potable, and rainwater shall be tested and
SYSTEM. NOTICE: CONTACT BUILDING MANAGE- inspected for flow. Flow from a rainwater catchment
MENT BEFORE PERFORMING ANY WORK ON THIS water system outlet shall indicate a cross-connection.
WATER SYSTEM. No flow from a potable water outlet shall indicate
This sign shall be posted in a location that is visible to that it is connected to the rainwater system.
anyone working on or near rainwater equipment. (4) The drain on the rainwater catchment water system
shall be checked for flow during the test and at the
end of the period.
1605.0 Inspection and Testing.
(5) The potable water system shall then be completely
1605.1 General. Rainwater catchment systems shall be drained.
inspected and tested in accordance with Section 1605.2 and
Section 1605.3. (6) The rainwater catchment water system shall then be
activated and pressurized. When rainwater is not
1605.2 Supply System Inspection and Test. Rainwater available for the initial cross-connection test, a tem-
catchment systems shall be inspected and tested in accordance porary connection to a potable water supply shall
with the applicable provisions of this code for testing of be required. At the conclusion of the initial cross-
potable water and storm drainage systems. Storage tanks shall connection test, the temporary connection to the
be filled with water to the overflow opening for a period of 24 potable water supply shall be disconnected.
hours, and during the inspection, or by other means as
approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Seams and (7) The rainwater catchment water system shall remain
joints shall be exposed during the inspection and checked for pressurized for a minimum period of time specified
watertightness. by the Authority Having Jurisdiction while the
potable water system is empty. The minimum period
1605.3 Cross-Connection Inspection and Testing. An the potable water system is to remain depressurized
initial visual inspection and an initial cross-connection test shall be determined on a case-by-case basis, but in
shall be performed on both the potable and rainwater catch- no case shall that period be less than 1 hour.
ment water systems before the initial operation of the rain-
water catchment system. During an initial or subsequent (8) Fixtures, potable and rainwater catchment, shall be
cross-connection test, the potable and rainwater catchment tested and inspected for flow. Flow from a potable
water systems shall be isolated from each other and inde- water system outlet shall indicate a cross-connec-
pendently inspected and tested to ensure there is no cross- tion. No flow from a rainwater catchment water out-
connection in accordance with Section 1602.5. Initial or let shall indicate that it is connected to the potable
subsequent inspections or tests shall be performed in accor- water system.
dance with Section 1605.3.1 through Section 1605.3.3. (9) The drain on the potable water system shall be
1605.3.1 Visual System Inspection. Prior to com- checked for flow during the test and at the end of the
mencing the cross-connection testing, a dual system period.
inspection shall be conducted by the Authority Having (10) Where there is no flow detected in the fixtures which
Jurisdiction and other authorities having jurisdiction as would indicate a cross-connection, the potable water
follows: system shall be repressurized.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 325

NONPOTABLE RAINWATER CATCHMENT SYSTEMS

1605.3.3 Discovery of Cross-Connection. In the

event that a cross-connection is discovered, the following
procedure, in the presence of the Authority Having Juris-
diction, shall be activated immediately:
(1) Rainwater catchment piping to the building shall be
shutdown at the supply source(s), and the rainwater
riser shall be drained.
(2) Potable water piping to the building shall be shut-
down at the meter.
(3) The cross-connection shall be uncovered and dis-
connected.
(4) The building shall be retested following procedures
listed in Section 1605.3.1 and Section 1605.3.2.
(5) The potable water system shall be chlorinated with
50 ppm chlorine for 24 hours.
(6) The potable water system shall be flushed after 24
hours, and a standard bacteriological test shall be
performed. Where test results are acceptable, the
potable water system shall be permitted to be
recharged.

326 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
CHAPTER 17 – REFERENCED STANDARDS
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections X X X X X X X X X X X
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
that are listed below
Chapter/Section
Table 1701.1 X X X X X X X X X X X
Table 1701.2 X
This state agency does not adopt sections identified with the following symbol: †
The Office of the State Fire Marshal’s adoption of this chapter or individual sections is applicable to structures regulated by other state agencies pursuant to
Section 1.11.0.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 327

328 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
CHAPTER 17
REFERENCED STANDARDS

1701.0 General. date, the title, application and the section(s) of this code that
1701.1 Standards. The standards listed in Table 1701.1 are references the standard. The application of the referenced
referenced in various sections of this code and shall be con- standard(s) shall be as specified in Section 301.2.2. The
sidered part of the requirements of this document. The stan- promulgating agency acronyms referred to in Table 1701.1
dards are listed herein by the standard number and effective are defined in a list found at the end of the tables.

TABLE 1701.1
REFERENCED STANDARDS
REFERENCED
STANDARD NUMBER STANDARD TITLE APPLICATION
SECTION
49 CFR 192.281 Plastic Pipe Plastic, Pipe 1208.6.7.2
49 CFR 192.283 Plastic Pipe: Qualifying Joining Procedures Plastic, Pipe 1208.6.7.2
ANSI/AAMI RD62 Water Treatment Equipment for Hemodialysis Applications Miscellaneous 614.7
ARCSA/ASPE 63-2013 Rainwater Catchment Systems Miscellaneous 1602.1
ASME A112.1.2-2012 Air Gaps in Plumbing Systems (For Plumbing Fixtures and Fittings Table 603.2
(R2017) Water-Connected Receptors)
ASME A112.1.3-2000 Air Gap Fittings for Use with Plumbing Fixtures, Appliances, Fittings Table 603.2
(R2015) and Appurtenances
ASME A112.3.1-2007 Stainless Steel Drainage Systems for Sanitary DWV, Storm, Piping 418.1, Table 701.2,
(R2017) and Vacuum Applications, Above- and Below-Ground 705.7.2, 1102.1
ASME A112.3.4-2018/CSA Macerating Toilet Systems and Waste-Pumping Systems for Fixtures 710.13
B45.9-2018 Plumbing Fixtures
ASME A112.4.1-2009 Water Heater Relief Valve Drain Tubes Appliances 608.5
(R2014)
ASME A112.4.2-2015/CSA Personal Hygiene Devices for Water Closets Fixtures 411.4
B45.16-2015
ASME A112.4.4-2017 Plastic Push-Fit Drain, Waste, and Vent (DWV) Fittings Fittings Table 701.2
ASME A112.4.14- Manually Operated Valves for Use in Plumbing Systems Valves 606.1
2017/CSA B125.14-2017
ASME A112.6.1M-1997 Floor-Affixed Supports for Off-the-Floor Plumbing Fixtures Fixtures 402.4
(R2017) for Public Use
ASME A112.6.2-2017 Framing-Affixed Supports (Carriers) for Off-the-Floor Plumb- Fixtures 402.4
ing Fixtures
ASME A112.6.3-2016 Floor and Trench Drains Fixtures 418.1
ASME A112.6.4-2003 Roof, Deck, and Balcony Drains Fixtures 1102.1
(R2012)
ASME A112.6.7-2010 Sanitary Floor Sinks Fixtures 421.1
(R2015)
ASME A112.6.9-2005 Siphonic Roof Drains DWV Components 1106.3
(R2015)
ASME A112.14.1-2003 Backwater Valves Valves 710.6
(R2017)
ASME A112.14.3-2018 Hydromechanical Grease Interceptors Fixtures 1014.1
ASME A112.14.4-2001 Grease Removal Devices Fixtures 1014.1
(R2017)
ASME A112.14.6-2010 FOG (Fats, Oils, and Greases) Disposal Systems Fixtures 1015.2
(R2015)
ASME A112.18.1- Plumbing Supply Fittings Fittings 408.3, 417.1, 417.2,
2018/CSA B125.1-2018 417.3, 417.4, 417.6,
603.5.19
ASME A112.18.2- Plumbing Waste Fittings Fittings 404.1
2015/CSA B125.2-2015

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 329

ASTM C412-2015 Concrete Drain Tile Piping, Non-Metallic

ASTM C443-2012 (R2017) Joints for Concrete Pipe and Manholes, Using Rubber Gaskets Joints
ASTM C444-2017 Perforated Concrete Pipe Piping, Non-Metallic
ASTM C478-2018 Circular Precast Reinforced Concrete Manhole Sections Miscellaneous
ASTM C1227-2013 Precast Concrete Septic Tanks DWV Components
ASTM C1440-2017 Thermoplastic Elastomeric (TPE) Gasket Materials for Drain, Waste, and Vent Joints
(DWV), Sewer, Sanitary and Storm Plumbing Systems
ASTM D1784-2011 Rigid Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chlo- Piping, Plastic
ride) (CPVC) Compounds
ASTM D2321-2018 Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Piping, Plastic
Applications
ASTM D2517-2018 Reinforced Epoxy Resin Gas Pressure Pipe and Fittings Piping, Plastic
ASTM D2657-2007 (R2015) Heat Fusion Joining of Polyolefin Pipe and Fittings Joints
ASTM D2774-2012 Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pressure Piping Piping, Plastic
ASTM D2855-2015 Two-Step (Primer and Solvent Cement) Method of Joining Poly (Vinyl Chloride) Joints
(PVC) or Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Pipe and Piping Components
with Tapered Sockets
ASTM D3122-2015 Solvent Cement for Styrene-Rubber (SR) Plastic Pipe and Fittings Joints
ASTM D3311-2017 Drain, Waste, and Vent (DWV) Plastic Fittings Patterns Fittings
ASTM F402-2018 Safe Handling of Solvent Cements, Primers, and Cleaners Used for Joining Thermo- Joints
plastic Pipe and Fittings
ASTM F480-2014 Thermoplastic Well Casing Pipe and Couplings Made in Standard Dimension Ratios Piping, Plastic
(SDR), SCH 40 and SCH 80
ASTM F810-2012 (R2018) Smoothwall Polyethylene (PE) Pipe for Use in Drainage and Waste Disposal Absorp- Piping, Plastic
tion Fields
ASTM F949-2015 Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Corrugated Sewer Pipe with a Smooth Interior and Fittings Piping, Plastic
ASTM F1476-2007 (R2013) Performance of Gasketed Mechanical Couplings for Use in Piping Applications Joints
ASTM F1499-2017 Coextruded Composite Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe (DWV) Piping, Plastic
ASTM F1743-2017 Rehabilitation of Existing Pipelines and Conduits by Pulled-in-Place Installation of Piping, Plastic
Cured-in-Place Thermosetting Resin Pipe (CIPP)
ASTM F1924-2012 Plastic Mechanical Fittings for Use on Outside Diameter Controlled Polyethylene Gas Fittings
Distribution Pipe and Tubing
ASTM F1948-2015 Metallic Mechanical Fittings for Use on Outside Diameter Controlled Thermoplastic Fittings
Gas Distribution Pipe and Tubing
ASTM F2165-2013 Flexible Pre-Insulated Piping Piping, Plastic
ASTM F2206-2014 Fabricated Fittings of Butt-Fused Polyethylene (PE) DWV Components
ASTM F2306/F2306M- 12 to 60 in. [300 to 1500 mm] Annular Corrugated Profile-Wall Polyethylene (PE) Pipe Piping, Plastic
2018 and Fittings for Gravity-Flow Storm Sewer and Subsurface Drainage Applications
AWS B2.4-2012 Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification for Thermoplastics Joints, Certification
AWWA C203-2015 Coal-Tar Protective Coatings and Linings for Steel Water Pipe Miscellaneous
AWWA C213-2015 Fusion-Bonded Epoxy Coatings and Linings for Steel Water Pipe and Fittings Miscellaneous
AWWA C215-2016 Extruded Polyolefin Coatings for Steel Water Pipe Miscellaneous
AWWA C606-2015 Grooved and Shouldered Joints Joints
CGA C-9-2013 Standard Color Marking of Compressed Gas Containers for Medical Use Miscellaneous
CGA S-1.3-2008 Pressure Relief Device Standards-Part 3-Stationary Storage Containers for Com- Fuel Gas
pressed Gases
CGA V-1-2013 Compressed Gas Cylinder Valve Outlet and Inlet Connections Valves
CSA A257-2014 Concrete Pipe and Manhole Sections Piping

344 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

REFERENCED STANDARDS

TABLE 1701.2 (continued)

STANDARDS, PUBLICATIONS, PRACTICES, AND GUIDES

AHAM Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers, 1111 19th Street, NW, Suite 402, Washington, DC 20036.
ANSI American National Standards Institute, Inc., 25 W. 43rd Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
ARCSA American Rainwater Catchment Systems Association, 6101 Long Prairie Road, Suite 744, PMB 251, Flower
Mound, TX 75028.
ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers, 1801 Alexander Bell Drive, Reston, VA 20191-4400.
ASHRAE American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers, Inc., 1791 Tullie Circle, NE,
Atlanta, GA 30329-2305.
ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineering, Two Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990.
ASPE American Society of Plumbing Engineers, 6400 Shafer Court, Suite 350, Rosemont, IL 60018.
ASSE American Society of Sanitary Engineering, 18927 Hickory Creek Drive, Suite 220, Mokena, IL 60448.
ASTM ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.
AWS American Welding Society, 8669 NW 36 Street, #130 Miami, FL 33166-6672.
AWWA American Water Works Association, 6666 W. Quincy Avenue, Denver, CO 80235.
CFR Code of Federal Regulations, U.S Government Publishing Office, 723 North Capitol Street, N.W. Wash-
ington, DC 20401-001
CGA Compressed Gas Association, 14501 George Carter Way, Suite 103, Chantilly, VA 20151.
CISPI Cast-Iron Soil Pipe Institute, 2401 Fieldcrest Drive, Mundelein, IL 60060.
CSA Canadian Standards Association, 178 Rexdale Boulevard, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M9W 1R3.
DOE U.S. Department of Energy, Forrestal Building, 1000 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20585.
e1 An editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ENERGY STAR 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20460.
EPA
WATERSENSE U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Wastewater Management (4204M), 1200 Pennsylvania
Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20460.
IAPMO International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials, 4755 E. Philadelphia Street, Ontario, CA
91761.
ICC International Code Council, 500 New Jersey Avenue, NW, 6th Floor, Washington, DC 20001.
ISEA International Safety Equipment Association, 1901 N. Moore Street, Suite 808, Arlington, VA 22209-1762.
ISO International Organization for Standardization, 1 ch. de la Voie-Creuse, Casa Postale 56, CH-1211 Geneva
20, Switzerland.
MSS Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, 127 Park Street, NE, Vienna,
VA 22180.
NFPA National Fire Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471.
NSF NSF International, 789 N. Dixboro Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48105.
PDI Plumbing and Drainage Institute, 800 Turnpike Street, Suite 300, North Andover, MA 01845.
PSAI Portable Sanitation Association International, 2626 E. 82nd Street, Suite 175, Bloomington, MN 55425.
SAE Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096.
TCNA Tile Council of North America, Inc. 100 Clemson Research Blvd., Anderson, SC 29625.
UL Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, IL 60062.
WQA Water Quality Association, 4151 Naperville Road, Lisle, IL 60532-3696.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 349

350 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
APPENDICES

The appendices are intended to supplement the provisions of the installation requirements of this code. The
definitions in Chapter 2 are also applicable to the appendices.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
Appendix A
Recommended Rules for Sizing the Water Supply System ...........................................................................353

Appendix B
Explanatory Notes on Combination Waste and Vent Systems ......................................................................369

Appendix C
Alternate Plumbing Systems..........................................................................................................................373

Appendix D
Sizing Storm Water Drainage Systems..........................................................................................................383

Appendix E
Manufactured/Mobile Home Parks and Recreational Vehicle Parks .............................................................393

Appendix F
Firefighter Breathing Air Replenishment Systems .........................................................................................405

Appendix G
Sizing of Venting Systems ............................................................................................................................411

Appendix H
Private Sewage Disposal Systems ................................................................................................................423

Appendix I
Installation Standards ....................................................................................................................................435

Appendix J
Combination of Indoor and Outdoor Combustion and Ventilation Opening Design .......................................475

Appendix K
Potable Rainwater Catchment Systems ........................................................................................................479

Appendix L
Sustainable Practices ....................................................................................................................................485

Appendix M
Peak Water Demand Calculator ....................................................................................................................503

Appendix N
Impact of Water Temperature on the Potential for Scalding and Legionella Growth .....................................511

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 351

352 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
APPENDIX A - RECOMMENDED RULES FOR SIZING THE WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter X X X X X X X X X X X

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
that are listed below
Chapter/Section

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 353

354 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
APPENDIX A
RECOMMENDED RULES FOR SIZING THE WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM
The provisions contained in this appendix are not mandatory unless specifically adopted by a state agency, or referenced in the
adopting ordinance.

A 101.0 General. respect both to durability and to decrease in capacity with the
A 101.1 Applicability. This appendix provides a general length of service in the particular water supply.
procedure for sizing a water supply system. Because of the
variable conditions encountered, it is impractical to lay down A 103.0 Demand Load.
definite detailed rules of procedure for determining the sizes A 103.1 Supply Demand. Estimate the supply demand for
of water supply pipes in an appendix, which shall necessarily the building main, the principal branches and risers of the sys-
be limited in length. For an adequate understanding of the tem by totaling the fixture units on each, Table A 103.1, and
problems involved, refer to Water-Distributing Systems for then by reading the corresponding ordinate from Chart A
Buildings, Report BMS 79 of the National Bureau of Stan- 103.1(1) or Chart A 103.1(2), whichever is applicable.
dards; and Plumbing Manual, Report BMS 66, also published A 103.2 Continuous Supply Demand. Estimate contin-
by the National Bureau of Standards. uous supply demands in gallons per minute (gpm) (L/s) for
lawn sprinklers, air conditioners, etc., and add the sum to the
total demand for fixtures. The result is the estimated supply
A 102.0 Preliminary Information. demand of the building supply.
A 102.1 Daily Service Pressure. Obtain the necessary
information regarding the minimum daily service pressure in A 104.0 Permissible Friction Loss.
the area where the building is to be located. A 104.1 Residual Pressure. Decide what is the desirable
A 102.2 Water Meter. Where the building supply is to be minimum residual pressure that shall be maintained at the
metered, obtain information regarding friction loss relative to highest fixture in the supply system. Where the highest group
the rate of flow of meters in the range of sizes likely to be of fixtures contains flushometer valves, the residual pressure
used. Friction-loss data is capable of being obtained from for the group shall be not less than 15 pounds-force per square
inch (psi) (103 kPa). For flush tank supplies, the available
most manufacturers of water meters. Friction losses for disk-
residual pressure shall be not less than 8 psi (55 kPa).
type meters shall be permitted to be obtained from Chart A
A 104.2 Elevation. Determine the elevation of the highest
102.2.
fixture or group of fixtures above the water (street) main.
A 102.3 Local Information. Obtain available local infor- Multiply this difference in elevation by 0.43. The result is the
mation regarding the use of different kinds of pipe with loss of static pressure in psi (kPa).

CHART A 102.2
FRICTION LOSSES FOR DISK-TYPE WATER METERS
(pounds-force per square inch)
PRESSURE LOSS

FLOW (gallons per minute)

For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa, 1 gallon per minute = 0.06 L/s

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 355

APPENDIX A

A 104.3 Available Pressure. Subtract the sum of loss in (1) Selecting the sizes of pipe for the different branches so
static pressure and the residual pressure to be maintained at that the total friction loss in each lower branch is approx-
the highest fixture from the average minimum daily service imately equal to the total loss in the riser, including both
pressure. The result will be the pressure available for friction friction loss and loss in static pressure.
loss in the supply pipes, where no water meter is used. Where (2) Throttling each such branch using a valve until the pre-
a meter is to be installed, the friction loss in the meter for the ceding balance is obtained.
estimated maximum demand should also be subtracted from (3) Increasing the size of the building supply and risers
the service pressure to determine the pressure loss available above the minimum required to meet the maximum per-
for friction loss in the supply pipes. missible friction loss.
A 104.4 Developed Length. Determine the developed A 106.3 Water Closets. The size of branches and mains
length of pipe from the water (street) main to the highest fix- serving flushometer tanks shall be consistent with sizing pro-
ture. Where close estimates are desired, compute with the aid cedures for flush tank water closets.
of Table A 104.4(1), Table A 104.4(2), or Table A 104.4(3),
whichever is applicable, the equivalent length of pipe for fit-
tings in the line from the water (street) main to the highest A 107.0 General.
fixture and add the sum to the developed length. The pres- A 107.1 Velocities. Velocities shall not exceed 10 feet per
sure available for friction loss in psi (kPa), divided by the second (ft/s) (3 m/s), except as otherwise approved by the
developed lengths of pipe from the water (street) main to the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
highest fixture, times 100, will be the average permissible A 107.2 Pressure-Reducing Valves. Where a pressure-
friction loss per 100 feet (30 480 mm) length of pipe. reducing valve is used in the building supply, the developed
length of supply piping and the permissible friction loss shall
A 105.0 Size of Building Supply. be computed from the building side of the valve.
A 105.1 Diameter. Knowing the permissible friction loss A 107.3 Fittings. The allowances in Table A 104.4(1) for
per 100 feet (30 480 mm) of pipe and the total demand, the fittings are based on non-recessed threaded fittings. For
diameter of the building supply pipe shall be permitted to be recessed threaded fittings and streamlined soldered fittings,
obtained from Chart A 105.1(1), Chart A 105.1(2), Chart A one-half of the allowances given in the table will be ample.
105.1(3), Chart A 105.1(4) Chart A 105.1(5), Chart A
105.1(6), or Chart A 105.1(7), whichever is applicable. The
diameter of pipe on or next above the coordinate point corre-
sponding to the estimated total demand and the permissible
friction loss will be the size needed up to the first branch from
the building supply pipe.
A 105.2 Copper and Copper Alloy Piping. Where cop-
per tubing or copper alloy pipe is to be used for the supply
piping and where the character of the water is such that slight
changes in the hydraulic characteristics are expected, Chart A
105.1(1) shall be permitted to be used.
A 105.3 Hard Water. Chart A 105.1(2) shall be used for fer-
rous pipe with the most favorable water supply in regards to
corrosion and caking. Where the water is hard or corrosive,
Chart A 105.1(3) or Chart A 105.1(4) will be applicable. For
extremely hard water, it will be advisable to make additional
allowances for the reduction of the capacity of hot-water lines
in service.

A 106.0 Size of Principal Branches and Risers.

A 106.1 Size. The required size of branches and risers shall
be permitted to be obtained in the same manner as the build-
ing supply, by obtaining the demand load on each branch or
riser and using the permissible friction loss computed in Sec-
tion A 104.0.
A 106.2 Branches. Where fixture branches to the building
supply are sized for the same permissible friction loss per 100
feet (30 480 mm) of pipe as the branches and risers to the
highest level in the building and lead to the inadequate water
supply to the upper floor of a building, one of the following
shall be provided:

356 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

APPENDIX A

TABLE A 103.1
WATER SUPPLY FIXTURE UNITS (WSFU) AND MINIMUM FIXTURE BRANCH PIPE SIZES3
MINIMUM
FIXTURE
APPLIANCES, APPURTENANCES, OR FIXTURES2 BRANCH PIPE PRIVATE PUBLIC ASSEMBLY6
SIZE1,4
(inches)
Bathtub or Combination Bath/Shower (fill) 1
⁄2 4.0 4.0 –
3
⁄4 inch Bathtub Fill Valve 3
⁄4 10.0 10.0 –
Bidet 1
⁄2 1.0 – –
Clothes Washer 1
⁄2 4.0 4.0 –
Dental Unit, cuspidor 1
⁄2 – 1.0 –
Dishwasher, domestic 1
⁄2 1.5 1.5 –
Drinking Fountain or Water Cooler 1
⁄2 0.5 0.5 0.75
Hose Bibb 1
⁄2 2.5 2.5 –
Hose Bibb, each additional 7 1
⁄2 1.0 1.0 –
Lavatory 1
⁄2 1.0 1.0 1.0
Lawn Sprinkler, each head5 – 1.0 1.0 –
Mobile Home, each (minimum) – 12.0 – –
Sinks – – – –
Bar 1
⁄2 1.0 2.0 –
Clinical Faucet 1
⁄2 – 3.0 –
Clinical Flushometer Valve with or without faucet 1 – 8.0 –
Kitchen, domestic 1
⁄2 1.5 1.5 –
Laundry 1
⁄2 1.5 1.5 –
Service or Mop Basin 1
⁄2 1.5 3.0 –
Washup, each set of faucets 1
⁄2 – 2.0 –
Shower per head 1
⁄2 2.0 2.0 –
Urinal, 1.0 GPF Flushometer Valve 3
⁄4 3.0 4.0 5.0
Urinal, greater than 1.0 GPF Flushometer Valve 3
⁄4 4.0 5.0 6.0
Urinal, flush tank 1
⁄2 2.0 2.0 3.0
Wash Fountain, circular spray 3
⁄4 – 4.0 –
Water Closet, 1.6 GPF Gravity Tank 1
⁄2 2.5 2.5 3.5
Water Closet, 1.6 GPF Flushometer Tank 1
⁄2 2.5 2.5 3.5
Water Closet, 1.6 GPF Flushometer Valve 1 5.0 5.0 8.0
Water Closet, greater than 1.6 GPF Gravity Tank 1
⁄2 3.0 5.5 7.0
Water Closet, greater than 1.6 GPF Flushometer Valve 1 7.0 8.0 10.0
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm
Notes:
1
Size of the cold branch pipe, or both the hot and cold branch pipes.
2
Appliances, appurtenances, or fixtures not included in this table shall be permitted to be sized by reference to fixtures having a similar flow rate and frequency
of use.
3
The listed fixture unit values represent their total load on the cold water building supply. The separate cold water and hot water fixture unit value for fixtures
having both cold and hot water connections shall be permitted to be three-quarters of the listed total value of the fixture.
4
The listed minimum supply branch pipe sizes for individual fixtures are the nominal (I.D.) pipe size.
5
For fixtures or supply connections likely to impose continuous flow demands, determine the required flow in gallons per minute (gpm) (L/s) and add it sep-
arately to the demand in gpm (L/s) for the distribution system or portions thereof.
6
Assembly [Public Use (see Table 422.1)].
7
Reduced fixture unit loading for additional hose bibbs is to be used where sizing total building demand and for pipe sizing where more than one hose bibb
is supplied by a segment of water distribution pipe. The fixture branch to each hose bibb shall be sized by 2.5 fixture units.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 357

APPENDIX A

CHART A 103.1(1)
ESTIMATE CURVES FOR DEMAND LOAD
500

400
DEMAND – (gallons per minute)

300

200

1
No. 1 for system predominantly for flushometer valves
100 2
No. 2 for system predominantly for flush tanks

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000

FIXTURE UNITS
For SI units: 1 gallon per minute = 0.06 L/s

CHART A 103.1(2)
ENLARGED SCALE DEMAND LOAD

100
DEMAND – (gallons per minute)

40 1

20
2

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240

FIXTURE UNITS
For SI units: 1 gallon per minute = 0.06 L/s

358 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

APPENDIX A

TABLE A 104.4(1)
ALLOWANCE IN EQUIVALENT LENGTH OF PIPE FOR FRICTION LOSS IN VALVES AND THREADED FITTINGS*
EQUIVALENT LENGTH OF PIPE FOR VARIOUS FITTINGS
COUPLING OR
DIAMETER OF 90° STANDARD 45° STANDARD 90° STANDARD
STRAIGHT RUN GATE VALVE GLOBE VALVE ANGLE VALVE
FITTING ELBOW ELBOW TEE
OF TEE (feet) (feet) (feet)
(inches) (feet) (feet) (feet)
(feet)
3
⁄8 1.0 0.6 1.5 0.3 0.2 8 4
1
⁄2 2.0 1.2 3.0 0.6 0.4 15 8
3
⁄4 2.5 1.5 4.0 0.8 0.5 20 12
1 3.0 1.8 5.0 0.9 0.6 25 15
11⁄4 4.0 2.4 6.0 1.2 0.8 35 18
11⁄2 5.0 3.0 7.0 1.5 1.0 45 22
2 7.0 4.0 10.0 2.0 1.3 55 28
21⁄2 8.0 5.0 12.0 2.5 1.6 65 34
3 10.0 6.0 15.0 3.0 2.0 80 40
4 14.0 8.0 21.0 4.0 2.7 125 55
5 17.0 10.0 25.0 5.0 3.3 140 70
6 20.0 12.0 30.0 6.0 4.0 165 80
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 degree = 0.017 rad
* Allowances are based on nonrecessed threaded fittings. Use one-half the allowances for recessed threaded fittings or streamlined solder fittings.

TABLE A 104.4(2)
EQUIVALENT LENGTH OF COPPER TUBE SIZE CPVC PIPE FOR VARIOUS FITTINGS
COUPLING OR STRAIGHT
DIAMETER OF FITTING 90 DEGREE ELBOW 45 DEGREE ELBOW 90 DEGREE STANDARD TEE
RUN OF TEE
(inches) (feet) (feet) (feet)
(feet)
1
⁄2 1.6 0.8 1.0 3.1
3
⁄4 2.1 1.1 1.4 4.1
1 2.6 1.4 1.7 5.3
11⁄4 3.5 1.8 2.3 6.9
11⁄2 4.0 2.1 2.7 8.1
2 5.2 2.8 3.5 10.3
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm

TABLE A 104.4(3)
EQUIVALENT LENGTH OF SCHEDULE 40 AND 80 CPVC PIPE FOR VARIOUS FITTINGS
COUPLING OR STRAIGHT
DIAMETER OF FITTING 90 DEGREE ELBOW 45 DEGREE ELBOW 90 DEGREE STANDARD TEE
RUN OF TEE
(inches) (feet) (feet) (feet)
(feet)
1
⁄2 1.5 0.8 1.0 4.0
3
⁄4 2.0 1.1 1.4 5.0
1 2.5 1.4 1.7 6.0
11⁄4 3.8 1.8 2.3 7.0
11⁄2 4.0 2.1 2.7 8.0
2 5.7 2.6 4.3 12.0
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm

APPENDIX A

A 108.0 Sizing. ing supply is 31⁄2 inches (90 mm), and the required diameter
A 108.1 Example. Assume an office building of four stories of the branch to the hot-water heater is 1½ inches (40 mm).
and basement; pressure on the building side of the pressure- The sizes of the various branches and risers shall be per-
reducing valve of 55 psi (379 kPa) (after an allowance for mitted to be determined in the same manner as the size of the
reduced pressure falloff at peak demand); an elevation of building supply or the branch to the hot-water system, by esti-
highest fixture above the pressure-reducing valve of 45 feet mating the demand for the riser or branch from Chart A
(13 716 mm); a developed length of pipe from the pressure- 103.1(1) or Chart A 103.1(2) and applying the total demand
reducing valve to the most distant fixture of 200 feet (60 960 estimate from the branch, riser, or section thereof to the
mm); and fixtures to be installed with flush valves for water appropriate flowchart.
closets and stall urinals as follows:
Where the pipe material and water supply are such that
Chart A 105.1(2) applies, the required diameter of the build-

A 108.1 EXAMPLE
FIXTURE UNITS AND ESTIMATED DEMANDS
BUILDING SUPPLY DEMAND BRANCH TO HOT WATER SYSTEM
BUILDING
SUPPLY FIXTURE UNIT DEMAND
KIND OF NUMBER OF FIXTURE UNIT NUMBER OF
TOTAL UNITS DEMAND DEMAND (gallons per
FIXTURES FIXTURES DEMAND FIXTURES
(gallons per CALCULATION minute)
minute)

Water Closets 130 8.0 1040 – – – –

Urinals 30 4.0 120 – – – –

Showerheads 12 2.0 24 – 12 12 x 2 x 3⁄4 = 18 –

Lavatories 100 1.0 100 – 100 100 x 1 x 3⁄4 = 75 –

Service Sinks 27 3.0 81 – 27 27 x 3 x 3⁄4 = 61 –

Total – – 1365 252 – 154 55

For SI units: 1 gallon per minute = 0.06 L/s, 1 pound-force per square foot = 6.8947 kPa

Allowing for 15 psi (103 kPa) at the highest fixture under the maximum demand of 252 gallons per minute (15.90 L/s), the pressure available for friction loss
is found by the following:

55 – [15 + (45 x 0.43)] = 20.65 psi (142.38 kPa)

The allowable friction loss per 100 feet (30 480 mm) of the pipe is, therefore:

100 x 20.65 ÷ 200 = 10.32 psi (71.15 kPa)

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 367

368 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
APPENDIX B - EXPLANATORY NOTES ON COMBINATION WASTE AND VENT SYSTEMS
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter X X X X X X X X X

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
that are listed below
Chapter/Section

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 369

370 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
APPENDIX B
EXPLANATORY NOTES ON COMBINATION WASTE AND VENT SYSTEMS
(See Section 910.0 for specific limitations)
The provisions contained in this appendix are not mandatory unless specifically adopted by a state agency, or referenced in the
adopting ordinance.

B 101.0 General. and tailpieces between fixtures or floor drains and such traps
B 101.1 Applicability. This appendix provides general shall be reduced to normal size.
guidelines for the design and installation of a combination B 101.6 Layout Drawings. Duplicate layout drawings of
waste and vent system. each such proposed piping system shall be presented to the
B 101.2 General Requirements. Combination waste and Authority Having Jurisdiction and approval obtained before
vent systems, as outlined in Section 910.0 of this code, cover an installation is made. Complicated layouts shall be checked
the horizontal wet venting of a series of traps using a common by qualified personnel.
waste and vent pipe. Pipe sizes not less than two pipe sizes B 101.6.1 Example of Sizing. A floor drain normally
larger than those required for a conventional system are requires a 2 inch (50 mm) trap and waste. On a combi-
designed to maintain a wetted perimeter or flow line low nation waste and vent system, both trap and waste shall
enough in the waste pipe to allow adequate air movement in be increased two pipe sizes (through 21⁄2 inches and 3
the upper portion, thus balancing the system. Sinks, lavato- inches) (65 mm and 80 mm), which would make the trap
ries, and other fixtures that rough in above the floor, shall not 3 inches (80 mm). Pipe sizes recognized for this purpose
be permitted on a combination waste and vent system, which, are 2 inches, 21⁄2 inches, 3 inches, 31⁄2 inches, 4 inches,
at best, is merely an expedient designed to be used in loca- 41⁄2 inches, 5 inches, 6 inches, etc. (50 mm, 65 mm, 80
tions where it would be structurally impractical to provide mm, 90 mm, 100 mm, 115 mm, 125 mm, 150 mm, etc.).
venting in a conventional manner. The tailpiece between the floor drain and its trap shall be
Combination waste and vent systems are intended pri- 2 inches (50 mm) (or normal size) to ensure that the
marily for extensive floor or shower drain installations where amount of wastewater entering the trap partially fills the
separate venting is not practical, for floor sinks in markets, waste branch. A 3 inch (80 mm) floor drain would thus
demonstration or work tables in school buildings, or for sim- require a 4 inch (100 mm) trap, and a 4 inch (100 mm)
ilar applications where the fixtures are not adjacent to walls floor drain would require a 5 inch (125 mm) trap for the
or partitions. Due to its oversize characteristics, such a waste reasons previously stated.
system is not self-scouring and, consequently, care shall be
exercised as to the type of fixtures connected to it and the
WHERE IN DOUBT, CHECK WITH YOUR LOCAL
location of cleanouts. Given its grease-producing potential,
Authority Having Jurisdiction.
restaurant kitchen equipment shall not be connected to a com-
bination waste and vent system.
B 101.3 Caution. Caution shall be exercised to exclude
appurtenances delivering large quantities or surges of water
(such as pumps, sand interceptors, etc.) from combination
waste and vent systems so that adequate venting will be main-
tained. Small fixtures with a waste-producing potential of less
than 71⁄2 gallons per minute (gpm) (0.47 L/s) shall be permit-
ted to be safely assigned a loading value of one unit. Long
runs shall be laid at the minimum permissible slope to keep
tailpieces as short as possible. Tailpieces shall not exceed 2
feet (610 mm) in length, which shall necessitate slopes up to
45 degrees (0.79 rad) (see definition of horizontal pipe) on
some branches.
B 101.4 Pneumatics. It is essential that the pneumatics of
such a system be properly engineered, as the air pressure
within the line shall at all times balance that of outside atmos-
phere to prevent either trap seal loss or air locking between
traps. Long mains shall be provided with additional relief
vents located at intervals not exceeding 100 feet (30 480 mm).
Each such relief vent shall equal not less than one-half of the
inside cross-sectional area of the drain pipe served.
B 101.5 Trap Sizes. Trap sizes are required to be equivalent
to the branches they serve (two pipe sizes larger than normal),

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 371

372 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
APPENDIX C - ALTERNATE PLUMBING SYSTEMS
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
that are listed below
Chapter/Section

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 373

374 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
APPENDIX C
ALTERNATE PLUMBING SYSTEMS
The provisions contained in this appendix are not mandatory unless specifically adopted by a state agency, or referenced in the
adopting ordinance.

C 101.0 General. C 302.0 Water Heat Exchangers.

C 101.1 Applicability. The intent of this appendix is to pro- C 302.1 Protection from Contamination. Heat exchang-
vide clarification of procedures for the design and approval of ers used for heat transfer, heat recovery, or solar heating shall
engineered plumbing systems, alternate materials, and equip- protect the potable water system from being contaminated by
ment not specifically covered in other parts of the code. the heat-transfer medium.
C 101.2 Provisions. The provisions of this appendix apply C 302.2 Single-Wall Heat Exchangers. Single-wall heat
to the design, installation, and inspection of an engineered exchangers shall comply with the following requirements:
plumbing system, alternate material, and equipment. (1) The heat-transfer medium is either potable water or con-
C 101.3 Authority Having Jurisdiction. The Authority tains essentially nontoxic transfer fluids having a toxic-
Having Jurisdiction has the right to require descriptive details ity rating or class of 1 (see Section 207.0).
of an engineered plumbing system, alternate material, or (2) The pressure of the heat-transfer medium is maintained
equipment including pertinent technical data to be filed.
at less than the normal minimum operating pressure of
C 101.4 Standards and Specifications. Components, the potable water system.
materials, and equipment shall comply with standards and
Exception: Steam in accordance with Section C 302.2(1)
specifications listed in Chapter 17 of this code and other
above.
national consensus standards applicable to plumbing systems
and materials. (3) The equipment is permanently labeled to indicate that
only additives recognized as safe by the FDA shall be
C 101.5 Alternate Materials and Equipment. Where
such standards and specifications are not available, alternate used in the heat-transfer medium.
materials and equipment shall be approved in accordance C 302.3 Alternate Designs. Other heat exchanger designs
with the provisions of Section 301.3 of this code. shall be permitted where approved by the Authority Having
Jurisdiction.
C 201.0 Definitions.
C 201.1 General. For the purposes of this code, these defi- C 303.0 Fixture Unit Values for Private or Private Use
nitions shall apply to this appendix: Bathroom Groups.
Branch Interval. A length of soil or waste stack correspon- C 303.1 Fixtures. Table C 303.2 and Table C 303.3 reflect
ding in general to a story height, but in no case less than 8 the fixture unit loads for the fixtures in bathrooms as groups,
feet (2438 mm), within which the horizontal branches from rather than as individual fixtures. Such fixtures include water
one floor or story of the building are connected to the stack. closets, lavatories, and bathtubs or showers. The tables reflect
diversity in the use of fixtures within a bathroom and between
Engineered Plumbing System. A system designed for a
multiple bathrooms.
specific building project with drawings and specifications
indicating plumbing materials to be installed, all as prepared C 303.2 Water Supply Fixture Unit Values. The listed
by a registered design professional. water supply fixture unit values in Table C 303.2 reflect the
load of entire bathroom groups on the cold water building
supply. Individual hot and cold water branch piping to the
C 301.0 Engineered Plumbing Systems. fixtures shall be permitted to be sized in accordance with
C 301.1 Inspection and Installation. In other than one- Chapter 6 and Appendix A.
and two-family dwellings, the designer of the system is to C 303.3 Drainage Fixture Unit Values. The listed
provide periodic inspection of the installation on a schedule drainage fixture unit values in Table C 303.3 reflect a load of
approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Prior to the entire bathroom groups on the sanitary drainage system.
final approval, the designer shall verify to the Authority Hav- Where fixtures within bathrooms connect to different
ing Jurisdiction that the installation is in accordance with the branches of the drainage system, the fixture unit values for
approved plans, specifications, and data and such amend- the individual fixtures shall be used, as listed in Table 702.1
ments to it. The designer shall certify to the Authority Hav- of this code.
ing Jurisdiction that the installation is in accordance with the
applicable engineered design criteria.
C 301.2 Owner Information. The designer of the system shall C 304.0 Drainage System Sizing.
provide the building owner with information concerning the C 304.1 Drainage Fixture Units. Drainage fixture unit
system, considerations applicable for subsequent modifications values shall be sized in accordance with Section 702.0 and
to the system, and maintenance requirements as applicable. Table 702.1.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 375

APPENDIX C

TABLE C 303.2
WATER SUPPLY FIXTURE UNITS (WSFU) FOR BATHROOM GROUPS1, 2
SERVING 3 OR MORE
PRIVATE USE
PRIVATE USE
BATHROOM GROUP
BATHROOM GROUPS
COLD HOT3 COLD HOT
Bathroom Groups Having up to 1.6 GPF Gravity-Tank Water Closets
Half-Bath or Powder Room 3.5 0.8 2.5 0.5
1 Bathroom Group 5.0 2.5 3.5 1.8
11⁄2 Bathrooms 6.0 2.5 – –
2 Bathrooms 7.0 3.5 – –
21⁄2 Bathrooms 8.0 3.6 – –
3 Bathrooms 9.0 4.5 – –
Each Additional 1⁄2 Bath 0.5 0.1 – –
Each Additional Bathroom Group 1.0 0.5 – –
Bathroom Groups Having up to 1.6 GPF Pressure-Tank Water Closets
Half-Bath or Powder Room 3.5 0.8 2.5 0.5
1 Bathroom Group 5.0 2.5 3.5 1.8
11⁄2 Bathrooms 6.0 2.5 – –
2 Bathrooms 7.0 3.5 – –
21⁄2 Bathrooms 8.0 3.6 – –
3 Bathrooms 9.0 4.5 – –
Each Additional 1⁄2 Bath 0.5 0.1 – –
Each Additional Bathroom Group 1.0 0.5 – –
Bathroom Group (1.6 GPF Flushometer Value) 6.0 2.5 4.0 1.7
Kitchen Group (Sink and Dishwasher) 2.0 2.0 1.5 1.5
Laundry Group (Sink and Clothes Washer) 5.0 5.0 3.0 3.0
Notes:
1
A bathroom group, for this table, consists of one water closet, up to two lavatories, and either one bathtub or one shower.
2
A half-bath or powder room, for this table, consists of one water closet and one lavatory.
3
Multi-unit dwellings with individual water heaters use the same WSFU as for individual dwellings.

C 304.2 Size of Building Drain and Building Sewer. C 401.0 Vent System Sizing.
The maximum number of drainage fixture units allowed on C 401.1 Size of Vents. The size of vent piping shall be
the building drain or building sewer of a given size shall be determined from the developed length and the total number of
in accordance with Table C 304.2. The size of a building drain drainage fixture units connected in accordance with Table C
or building sewer serving a water closet shall be not less than 401.1. Vents shall be not less than one-half the required size
3 inches (80 mm). of the drainage pipe size served as determined by Table C
C 304.3 Size of Horizontal Branch or Vertical Stack. 304.3 for horizontal fixture branches and stacks nor less than
The maximum number of drainage fixture units allowed on a 11⁄4 inches (32 mm) in diameter. The drainage system shall
horizontal branch or vertical soil or waste stack of a given be vented by not less than one vent pipe which shall be not
size shall be in accordance with Table C 304.3. Stacks shall less than one-half the size of the required building drain and
be sized based on the total accumulated connected load at which shall extend from the building drain or extension of
each story or branch interval. building drain to the outdoors. Vents shall be installed in
C 304.3.1 Horizontal Stack Offsets. Horizontal accordance with Chapter 9.
stack offsets shall be sized in accordance with Table C C 401.2 Vent Stack. A vent stack shall be required for a
304.2 as required for building drains. drainage stack that extends five or more branch intervals
C 304.3.2 Vertical Stack Offsets. Vertical stack off- above the building drain or horizontal branch. The developed
sets shall be sized in accordance with Table C 304.3 as length of the vent stack shall be measured from the lowest
required for stacks. connection of a branch vent to the termination outdoors.
C 304.4 Horizontal Stack Offset and Horizontal C 401.3 Branch Vents. Where branch vents exceed 40 feet
Branch Connections. Horizontal branch connections shall (12 192 mm) in developed length, such vent shall be
not connect to a horizontal stack offset or within 2 feet (610 increased by one pipe size for the entire developed length of
mm) above or below the offset where such horizontal offset the vent pipe.
is located more than four branch intervals below the top of C 401.4 Venting Horizontal Offsets. Drainage stacks with
the stack. horizontal offsets shall be vented where five or more branch

APPENDIX C

listed vacuum breaker. The vacuum breaker shall be mounted (2) A water closet within 18 inches (457 mm) of a stack hor-
with the critical level or marking not less than 1 inch (25.4 izontally and one other fixture with up to 11⁄2 inch (40
mm) above the flood-level rim of the fixture. Vacuum break- mm) fixture drain size shall be permitted on a 3 inch (80
ers shall be installed on the discharge side of the last control mm) horizontal branch where connected to the stack
valve in the potable water supply line and shall be located to through a sanitary tee.
be protected from physical damage and contamination. C 601.4 Length of Horizontal Branches. Water closets
C 501.4 Drainage Fixture Units. Drainage fixture units shall be not more than 4 feet (1219 mm) horizontally from
shall be determined by the manufacturer’s instructions. The the stack.
pump discharge load from the collector tanks shall be in Exception: Water closets shall be permitted to be up to 8 feet
accordance with this appendix. (2438 mm) horizontally from the stack where connected to
C 501.5 Water Supply Fixture Units. Water supply fixture the stack through a sanitary tee.
units shall be determined by the manufacturer’s instructions. C 601.4.1 Other Fixtures. Fixtures other than water
C 501.6 Materials. Materials used for water distribution closets shall be not more than 12 feet (3658 mm) hori-
pipe and fittings shall be in accordance with Table 604.1. zontally from the stack.
Materials used for aboveground drainage shall be in accor- C 601.4.2 Length of Vertical Piping. The length of
dance with Table 701.2 and shall have a smooth bore, and be a vertical piping from a fixture trap to a horizontal branch
constructed of non-porous material. shall not be considered in computing the fixture’s hori-
C 501.7 Traps and Cleanouts. Traps and cleanouts shall zontal distance from the stack.
be installed in accordance with Chapter 7 and Chapter 10. C 601.5 Maximum Vertical Drops from Fixtures. Ver-
C 501.8 Testing. The entire vacuum waste system shall be tical drops from fixture traps to horizontal branch piping shall
subjected to a vacuum test of 29 inches of mercury (98 kPa) be one size larger than the trap size, but not less than 2 inches
or not less than the working pressure of the system for 30 (50 mm) in diameter. Vertical drops shall be 4 feet (1219 mm)
minutes. The system shall be gastight and watertight at all maximum length. Fixture drains that are not increased in size,
points. Verification of test results shall be submitted to the or have a vertical drop exceeding 4 feet (1219 mm) shall be
Authority Having Jurisdiction. individually vented.
C 501.9 Manufacturer’s Instructions. Manufacturer’s C 601.6 Additional Venting Required. Additional vent-
instructions shall be provided to provide information regarding shall be provided where more than one water closet is on
ing safe and proper operating instructions whether or not as a horizontal branch and where the distance from a fixture trap
part of the condition of listing to determine compliance. Such to the stack exceeds the limits in Section C 601.4. Where
instructions shall be submitted and approved by the Author- additional venting is required, the fixture(s) shall be vented by
ity Having Jurisdiction. individual vents, common vents, wet vents, circuit vents, or
a combination waste and vent pipe. The dry vent extensions
for the additional venting shall connect to a branch vent, vent
C 601.0 Single-Stack Vent System. stack, stack vent, or be extended outdoors and terminate to
C 601.1 Where Permitted. Single-stack venting shall be the open air.
designed by a registered design professional as an engineered C 601.7 Stack Offsets. Where there are no fixture drain
design. A drainage stack shall be permitted to serve as a sin- connections below a horizontal offset in a stack, the offset
gle-stack vent system where sized and installed in accordance does not need to be vented. Where there are fixture drain con-
with Section C 601.2 through Section C 601.9. The drainage nections below a horizontal offset in a stack, the offset shall
stack and branch piping in a single-stack vent system shall be vented. There shall be no fixture connections to a stack
provide for the flow of liquids, solids, and air without the loss within 2 feet (610 mm) above and below a horizontal offset.
of fixture trap seals. C 601.8 Separate Stack Required. Where stacks are
C 601.2 Stack Size. Drainage stacks shall be sized in accor- more than two stories high, a separate stack shall be provided
dance with Table C 601.2. Not more than two water closets for the fixtures on the lower two stories. The stack for the
shall be permitted to discharge to a 3 inch (80 mm) stack. lower two stories shall be permitted to be connected to the
Stacks shall be uniformly sized based on the total connected branch of the building drain that serves the stack for the upper
drainage fixture unit load, with no reductions in size. stories at a point that is not less than 10 pipe diameters down-
C 601.2.1 Stack Vent. The drainage stack vent shall stream from the base of the upper stack.
have a stack vent of the same size terminating to the out- C 601.9 Sizing Building Drains and Sewers. In a sin-
doors. gle-stack vent system, the building drain and branches thereof
C 601.3 Branch Size. Horizontal branches connecting to a shall be sized in accordance with Table 703.2, and the build-
single-stack vent system shall be sized in accordance with ing sewer shall be sized in accordance with Table 717.1.
Table 703.2.
Exceptions:
(1) Not more than one water closet within 18 inches (457
mm) of the stack horizontally shall be permitted on a 3
inch (80 mm) horizontal branch.

380 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

APPENDIX C

TABLE C 601.2
SINGLE STACK SIZE*
MAXIMUM CONNECTED DRAINAGE FIXTURE UNITS
STACK SIZE STACKS LESS THAN STACK 75 FEET TO LESS THAN STACK 160 FEET OR
(inches) 75 FEET IN HEIGHT 160 FEET IN HEIGHT GREATER IN HEIGHT
3 24 NP NP
4 225 24 NP
5 480 225 24
6 1015 480 225
8 2320 1015 480
10 4500 2320 1015
12 8100 4500 2320
15 13 600 8100 4500
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm
* NP = Not permitted

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 381

382 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
APPENDIX D - SIZING STORM WATER DRAINAGE SYSTEMS
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter X X X X X X X X X X X

MINNESOTA – –
Duluth 2.6 0.027
Grand Forks 2.5 0.026
Minneapolis 3.0 0.031
Worthington 3.4 0.035

MISSISSIPPI – –
Biloxi 4.5 0.047
Columbus 3.5 0.036
Jackson 3.8 0.039

MISSOURI – –
Independence 3.7 0.038
Jefferson City 3.4 0.035
St. Louis 3.2 0.033
Springfield 3.7 0.038

MONTANA – –
Billings 1.8 0.019
Glendive 2.5 0.026
Great Falls 1.8 0.019
Missoula 1.3 0.014

NEBRASKA – –
Omaha 3.6 0.037
North Platte 3.5 0.036
Scotts Bluff 2.8 0.029

NEVADA – –
Las Vegas 1.5 0.016
Reno 1.2 0.012
Winnemucca 1.0 0.010

NEW HAMPSHIRE – –
Berlin 2.2 0.023
Manchester 2.5 0.026

NEW JERSEY – –
Atlantic City 3.4 0.035
Paterson 3.0 0.031
Trenton 3.2 0.033

NEW MEXICO – –
Albuquerque 2.0 0.021
Carlsbad 2.6 0.027
Gallup 2.1 0.022

NEW YORK – –
Binghamton 2.4 0.025
Buffalo 2.3 0.024

388 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

APPENDIX D

NORTH CAROLINA – –
Asheville 3.2 0.033
Charlotte 3.4 0.035
Raleigh 4.0 0.042
Wilmington 4.4 0.046

NORTH DAKOTA – –
Bismarck 2.7 0.028
Fargo 2.9 0.030
Minot 2.6 0.027

OHIO – –
Cincinnati 2.8 0.029
Cleveland 2.4 0.025
Columbus 2.7 0.028
Toledo 2.6 0.027
Youngstown 2.4 0.025

OKLAHOMA – –
Boise City 3.4 0.035
Muskogee 4.0 0.042
Oklahoma City 4.1 0.043

OREGON – –
Medford 1.3 0.014
Ontario 1.0 0.010
Portland 1.3 0.014

PENNSYLVANIA – –
Erie 2.4 0.025
Harrisburg 2.9 0.030
Philadelphia 3.2 0.033
Pittsburgh 2.5 0.026
Scranton 2.8 0.029

RHODE ISLAND – –
Newport 3.0 0.031
Providence 2.9 0.030

SOUTH CAROLINA – –
Charleston 4.1 0.043
Columbia 3.5 0.036
Greenville 3.3 0.034

SOUTH DAKOTA – –
Lemmon 2.7 0.028
Rapid City 2.7 0.028
Sioux Falls 3.4 0.035

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 389

APPENDIX D

TEXAS – –
Corpus Christi 4.6 0.048
Dallas 4.2 0.044
El Paso 2.0 0.021
Houston 4.6 0.048
Lubbock 3.3 0.034
San Antonio 4.4 0.046

UTAH – –
Bluff 2.0 0.021
Cedar City 1.5 0.016
Salt Lake City 1.3 0.014

VERMONT – –
Bennington 2.5 0.026
Burlington 2.3 0.024
Rutland 2.4 0.025

VIRGINIA – –
Charlottesville 3.4 0.035
Norfolk 4.0 0.042
Richmond 4.0 0.042
Roanoke 3.3 0.034

WASHINGTON – –
Seattle 1.0 0.010
Spokane 1.0 0.010
Walla Walla 1.0 0.010

WEST VIRGINIA – –
Charleston 2.9 0.030
Martinsburg 3.0 0.031
Morgantown 2.7 0.028

WISCONSIN – –
Green Bay 2.5 0.026
Lacrosse 2.9 0.030
Milwaukee 2.7 0.028
Wausau 2.5 0.026

WYOMING – –
Casper 1.9 0.020
Cheyenne 2.5 0.026
Evanston 1.3 0.014
Rock Springs 1.4 0.015
For SI units: 1 inch per hour = 25.4 mm/h, 1 gallon per minute per square foot = 0.679 [(L/s)/m2]
* The rainfall rates in this table are based on U.S. Weather Bureau Technical Paper No. 40, Chart 14: 100-Year 60-Minute Rainfall (inches).

390 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

APPENDIX D

TABLE D 104.1
DISCHARGE FROM RECTANGULAR SCUPPERS (gallons per minute)1, 2, 3, 4
WATER HEAD WIDTH OF SCUPPER (inches)
(inches) 6 12 18 24 30 36
⁄2
1
6 13 19 25 32 38
1 17 35 53 71 89 107
11⁄2 31 64 97 130 163 196
2 – 98 149 200 251 302
21⁄2 – 136 207 278 349 420
3 – 177 271 364 458 551
31⁄2 – – 339 457 575 693
4 – – 412 556 700 844
For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 gallon per minute = 0.06 L/s
Notes:
1
Table D 104.1 is based on discharge over a rectangular weir with end contractions.
2
The head is the depth of water above the bottom of the scupper opening.
3
The height of the scupper opening shall be not less than two times the design head.
4
Coordinate the allowable head of water with the structural design of the roof.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 391

392 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
APPENDIX E - MANUFACTURED/MOBILE HOME PARKS AND RECREATIONAL VEHICLE PARKS
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

APPENDIX E

area shall have an impervious, skid-resistant surface; E 503.2 Water Riser Pipe. Each potable water connection
wooden racks (duck boards) over shower floors shall be shall consist of a water riser pipe that is equipped with a
prohibited. threaded male spigot located not less than 12 inches (305 mm)
E 501.8 Drinking Fountains. Where provided, drinking but not more than 24 inches (610 mm) above grade level for
fountains shall be in accordance with the requirements of this the attachment of a standard water hose. The water riser pipe
code. shall be protected from physical damage in accordance with
this code. This connection shall be equipped with a listed anti-
E 502.0 Recreational Vehicle Park Potable Water siphon backflow prevention device.
Supply and Distribution.
E 502.1 Quality. The supply or supplies of water shall com- E 504.0 Recreational Vehicle Park Drainage System.
ply with the potable water standards of the state, local health E 504.1 Where Required. An approved drainage system
authority or, in the absence thereof, with the Drinking Water shall be provided in recreational vehicle parks for conveying
Standard of the Federal Environmental Protection Agency. and disposing of sewage. Where available, parks shall be con-
E 502.2 Sources. Water approved by a regulating agency nected to a public sewer system.
shall be acceptable. Where an approved public water supply
E 504.2 Location. Sewer lines shall be located to prevent
system is available, it shall be used. Where the park has its
own water supply system, the components of the system shall damage from vehicular traffic.
be approved. A water supply system that is used on a seasonal E 504.3 Materials. Pipe and fittings installed in the drainage
basis shall be provided with means for draining. system shall be of material listed, approved, and installed in
E 502.3 Prohibited Connections. The potable water sup- accordance with this code.
ply shall not be connected to a nonpotable or unapproved E 504.4 Pipe Sizes. The minimum diameters of drainage
water supply, nor be subjected to backflow or backsiphonage. laterals, branches, and mains serving recreational vehicle sites
E 502.4 Supply. The water supply system shall be designed shall be in accordance with Table E 504.4.
and constructed in accordance with the following:
(1) A minimum of 25 gallons (95 L) per day per site for sites TABLE E 504.4
without individual water connections. PIPE SIZES
(2) A minimum of 50 gallons (189 L) per day per site for MAXIMUM NUMBER OF
RECREATIONAL VEHICLE
MINIMUM PIPE SIZES
sites with individual water connections. STANDS SERVED
(inches)

(3) A minimum of 50 gallons (189 L) per day per site where 5 3

water-supplied water closets are provided in restrooms. 36 4
E 502.5 Pressure and Volume. Where water is distrib- 71 5
uted under pressure to an individual site, the water supply sys- 120 6
tem shall be designed to provide a minimum flow pressure of 440 8
not less than 20 psi (138 kPa) with a minimum flow of 2 gal- For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm
lons per minute (gpm) (0.1 L/s) at an outlet. The pressure
shall not exceed 80 psi (552 kPa).
E 502.6 Outlets. Water outlets shall be convenient to access E 504.5 Cleanouts. Cleanouts shall be provided in accor-
and, where not piped to individual recreational vehicle sites, dance with Chapter 7 of this code.
shall not exceed 300 feet (91 m) from a site. Provisions shall E 504.6 Drainage Inlet. Where provided, the site drainage
be made to prevent accumulation of standing water or the cre- system inlet connections for individual recreational vehicles
ation of muddy conditions at each water outlet. shall be located to prevent damage by the parking of recre-
E 502.7 Storage Tanks. Water storage tanks shall be con- ational vehicles or automobiles and shall consist of a sewer
structed of impervious materials, protected against contami- riser extending vertically to grade. The minimum diameter of
nation, and provided with locked, watertight covers. Overflow the sewer riser pipe shall be not less than 3 inches (80 mm) in
or ventilation openings shall be down-facing and provided diameter, and shall be provided with a 4 inch (100 mm) inlet
with a corrosion-resistant screening of not less than number or not less than a 3 inch (80 mm) female fitting.
24 mesh to prevent the entrance of insects and vermin. Water E 504.6.1 Location. Where provided, the sewer inlet to
storage tanks shall not have direct connections to sewers. individual recreational vehicle sites shall be located on
the left rear half of the site (left side of the recreational
E 503.0 Recreational Vehicle Park Water Connec- vehicle) within 4 feet (1219 mm) of the stand.
tions for Individual Recreational Vehicles. E 504.6.2 Protection. The sewer riser pipe shall be
E 503.1 Location. Where provided, the water connections firmly imbedded in the ground and protected against
for potable water to individual recreational vehicle sites shall damage from movement. It shall be provided with a
be located on the left rear half of the site (left side of recre- tight-fitting plug or cap, which shall be secured by a
ational vehicle) within 4 feet (1219 mm) of the stand. durable chain (or equivalent) to prevent loss.

402 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

APPENDIX E

E 505.0 Recreational Vehicle Park Sanitary Disposal “POTABLE WATER. NOT TO BE USED FOR FLUSHING
Stations. WASTE TANKS.”
E 505.1 Where Required. One recreational vehicle sani- The potable water shall be protected from backflow
tary disposal station shall be provided for each 100 recre- using a listed vacuum breaker located downstream from the
ational vehicle sites, or part thereof, which are not equipped last shutoff valve.
with individual drainage system connections.
E 505.2 Access. Each station shall be level and convenient
of access from the service road and shall provide easy ingress
and egress for recreational vehicles.
E 505.3 Construction. Unless other approved means are
used, each station shall have a concrete slab with the drainage
system inlet located to be on the road (left) side of the recre-
ational vehicle. The slab shall be not less than 3 feet by 3 feet
(914 mm by 914 mm), not less than 31⁄2 inches (89 mm) thick
and properly reinforced. The slab surface is to be troweled to
a smooth finish and sloped from each side inward to a
drainage system inlet.
The drainage system inlet shall consist of a 4 inch (102
mm), self-closing, foot-operated hatch of approved material
with the cover milled to fit tight. The hatch body shall be set
in the concrete of the slab with the lip of the opening flush
with its surface to facilitate the cleansing of the slab with
water. The hatch shall be properly connected to a drainage
system inlet, which shall discharge to an approved sanitary
sewage disposal facility.
E 505.4 Flushing Device. Where the recreational vehicle
park is provided with a piped water supply system, means for
flushing the recreational vehicle holding tank and the sani-
tary disposal station slab shall be provided that consists of a
piped supply of water under pressure, terminating in an out-
let located and installed to prevent damage by automobiles or
recreational vehicles. The flushing device shall consist of a
properly supported riser terminating not less than 2 feet (610
mm) above the ground surface, with a 3⁄4 of an inch (20 mm)
valved outlet adaptable for a flexible hose.
The water supply to the flushing device shall be protected
from backflow using a listed vacuum breaker or backflow
prevention device located downstream from the last shutoff
valve.
Adjacent to the flushing arrangement shall be posted a
sign of durable material not less than 2 feet by 2 feet (610
mm by 610 mm) in size. Inscribed thereon in clearly legible
letters shall be the following:
“DANGER – NOT TO BE USED FOR DRINKING OR
DOMESTIC PURPOSES.”

E 506.0 Recreational Vehicle Park Water Supply Sta-

tions.
E 506.1 Potable Watering Stations. A potable watering
station, where provided for filling recreational vehicle potable
water tanks, shall be located not less than 50 feet (15 240 mm)
from a sanitary disposal station. Where such is provided, adja-
cent to the potable water outlet there shall be a posted sign of
durable material not less than 2 feet by 2 feet (610 mm by
610 mm) in size. Inscribed thereon in clear, legible letters on
a contrasting background shall be:

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 403

404 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
APPENDIX F - FIREFIGHTER BREATHING AIR REPLENISHMENT SYSTEMS
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
that are listed below
Chapter/Section

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 405

406 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
APPENDIX F
FIREFIGHTER BREATHING AIR REPLENISHMENT SYSTEMS
The provisions contained in this appendix are not mandatory unless specifically adopted by a state agency, or referenced in the
adopting ordinance.

F 101.0 General. F 401.0 Required Installations.

F 101.1 Applicability. This chapter covers minimum F 401.1 General. A firefighter air system shall be installed
requirements for the installation of firefighter breathing air in the following buildings:
replenishment systems. (1) High-rise buildings.
(2) Underground structures that are three or more floors
F 201.0 Definitions. below grade with an area greater than 20 000 square feet
F 201.1 General. For purposes of this chapter, the follow- (1858 m2).
ing definitions shall apply: (3) Large area structures with an area greater than 200 000
square feet (18 580 m2) and where the travel distance
High-Rise Building. A building where the floor of an occu-
from the building centerline to the closest exit is greater
piable story is greater than 75 feet (22 860 mm) above the
than 500 feet (152 m), such as warehouses, manufactur-
lowest level of fire department vehicle access. [NFPA
ing complexes, malls, or convention centers.
5000:3.3.68.10]
(4) Underground transportation or pedestrian tunnels
Interior Cylinder Fill Panels. Lockable interior panels that exceeding 500 feet (152 m) in length.
provide firefighters the ability to regulate breathing air pres-
sure and refill self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA)
cylinders. F 501.0 Exterior Fire Department Connection Panel
Interior Cylinder Fill Stations and Enclosures. Free- and Enclosure.
standing fill containment stations that provide firefighters the F 501.1 Purpose. The exterior fire department connection
ability to regulate breathing air pressure and refill SCBA panel shall provide the fire department’s mobile air operator
cylinders. access to the system and shall be compatible with the fire
department’s mobile air unit.
Open-Circuit Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus.
An SCBA in which exhalation is vented to the atmosphere F 501.2 Number of Panels. Each building or structure
and not rebreathed. [NFPA 1981:3.3.34] shall have a minimum of two panels.
Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA). An F 501.3 Location. Each panel shall be attached to the build-
atmosphere-supplying respirator that supplies a respirable air ing or on a remote monument at the exterior of the building
atmosphere to the user from a breathing air source that is with a minimum 6 foot (1829 mm) radius and 180-degree
independent of the ambient environment and designed to be (3.14 rad) clear, unobstructed access to the front of the panel.
carried by the user. [NFPA 1981:3.3.46] The panel shall be weather-resistant or secured inside of a
weather-resistant enclosure. The panel shall be located on
For this appendix, where this term is used without a qual- opposite sides of the building within 50 feet (15 240 mm) of
ifier, it indicates an open-circuit self-contained breathing an approved roadway or driveway, or other locations
apparatus or combination SCBA/SARs. For this appendix, approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
combination SCBA/SARs are encompassed by the terms self-
F 501.4 Construction. The fire department connection
contained breathing apparatus or SCBA.
panel shall be installed in a metal cabinet constructed of not
Welding Procedure Specification (WPS). A written less than 18-gauge carbon steel or equivalent. The cabinet
qualified welding procedure prepared to provide direction for shall be provided with a coating or other means to protect the
making production welds to code requirements. [ASME cabinet from corrosion.
B31.1:100.2] F 501.5 Vehicle Protection. Where the panel is located in
an area subject to vehicle traffic, impact protection shall be
F 301.0 System Components. provided.
F 301.1 General. Firefighter breathing air replenishment F 501.6 Enclosure Marking. The front of the enclosure
systems shall contain, as a minimum, the following compo- shall be marked, “FIREFIGHTER AIR SYSTEM.” The let-
nents: tering shall be in a color that contrasts with the enclosure front
(1) Exterior fire department connection panel and in letters that are not less than 2 inches (51 mm) high with
a 3⁄8 of an inch (9.5 mm) brush stroke.
(2) Interior fire department air fill panel or station
F 501.7 Enclosure Components. The exterior fire depart-
(3) Interconnected piping distribution system ment connection panel shall contain the necessary gauges,
(4) Pressure monitoring switch isolation valves, pressure-relief valves, pressure-regulating

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 407

APPENDIX F

valves, check valves, tubing, fittings, supports, connectors, F 601.7 Security. Each panel cover shall be maintained and
adapters, and other necessary components as required to locked by an approved means.
allow the fire department’s mobile air unit to connect and
augment the system with a constant source of breathing air. F 701.0 Interior Cylinder Fill Stations and Enclo-
Each fire department connection panel shall contain not less sures.
than two inlet air connections.
F 701.1 Location. The location of the closet or room for
F 501.8 Pressure-Relief Valve. Pressure-relief valves shall each air fill station shall be approved by the Authority Hav-
be installed downstream of the pressure regulator inlet. The ing Jurisdiction. Where approved by the Authority Having
relief valve shall meet the requirements of CGA S-1.3 and Jurisdiction, space shall be permitted to be utilized for other
shall not be field adjustable. The relief valve shall have a set- firefighting purposes. The door to each room enclosing the
to-open pressure not exceeding 1.1 times the design pressure air filling station enclosure shall be readily accessible at all
of the system. Pressure-relief valve discharge shall terminate times. Not less than a 6 foot (1829 mm) radius and 180-
so that the exhaust air stream cannot impinge upon personnel degree (3.14 rad) clear, unobstructed access to the front of the
in the area. Valves, plugs, or caps shall not be installed in the air filling station shall be provided. The enclosure shall have
discharge of a pressure-relief valve. Where discharge piping emergency lighting installed in accordance with NFPA 70.
is used, the end shall not be threaded. F 701.2 Security. Each air fill station shall be installed
F 501.9 Security. The fire department connection panel within a lockable enclosure, closet, or room by an approved
enclosure shall be locked by an approved means. means. Access to fill equipment and controls shall be
restricted to authorized personnel by key or other means.
F 701.3 Components. The air fill station shall contain the
F 601.0 Interior Cylinder Fill Panels. gauges, isolation valves, pressure-relief valves, pressure-reg-
F 601.1 Cabinet Requirements. Each cylinder fill panel ulating valves, check valves, tubing, fittings, supports, con-
shall be installed in a metal cabinet constructed of not less nectors, hoses, adapters, and other components to refill SCBA
than 18-gauge carbon steel or equivalent. The depth of the cylinders.
cabinet shall not create an exit obstruction where installed in F 701.4 Cylinder Filling Hose. Where hoses are used, the
building stairwells. Except for the shutoff valve, pressure design of the cabinet shall provide a means for storing the
gauges, fill hoses and ancillary components; no system com- hose to prevent kinking. Where the hose is coiled, the brack-
ponents shall be visible and shall be contained behind a not ets shall be installed so that the hose bend radius is maintained
less than an 18-gauge interior panel. at 4 inches (102 mm) or greater. Fill hose connectors for con-
F 601.2 Clearance and Access. The panel shall be located nection to SCBA cylinders shall comply with the require-
not less than 36 inches (914 mm) but not more than 60 inches ments of CGA V-1, no. 346 or 347. For high-pressure SCBA
(1524 mm) above the finished floor or a stairway landing. cylinders of 4500 pounds-force per square inch (psi) (31 026
Clear, unobstructed access shall be provided to each panel. kPa), no. 347 connectors shall be used. For low-pressure
SCBA cylinders of 3000 psi (20 684 kPa) and 2200 psi (15
F 601.3 Door. The door shall be arranged such that where the 168 kPa), no. 346 connectors shall be used. No other SCBA
door is open, it does not reduce the required exit width or cre- cylinder fill connections shall be permitted.
ate an obstruction in the path of egress.
F 701.5 Enclosure and Air Filling Station Marking.
F 601.4 Cabinet Marking. The front of each cylinder fill Each enclosure, closet, or room shall be marked, “FIRE-
panel shall be marked, “FIREFIGHTER AIR SYSTEM.” The FIGHTERS AIR SYSTEM.” The lettering shall be in a color
lettering shall be in a color that contrasts with the cabinet front that contrasts with the cabinet front and in letters that are not
and in letters that are not less than 2 inches (51 mm) high with less than 2 inches (51 mm) high with a 3⁄8 of an inch (9.5 mm)
a 3⁄8 of an inch (9.5 mm) brush stroke. brush stroke.
F 601.5 Cabinet Components. The cabinet shall be of a
size to allow for the installation of the components in Section F 801.0 Materials.
F 601.5.1. F 801.1 General. Pressurized components shall be compat-
F 601.5.1 Cylinder Fill Panel. The cylinder fill panel ible for use with high-pressure breathing air equipment and
shall contain the gauges, isolation valves, pressure-relief self-contained breathing air apparatus. Pressurized breathing
valves, pressure-regulating valves, check valves, tubing, air components shall be rated for not less than a working pres-
fittings, supports, connectors, hoses, adapters, and other sure of 5000 psi (34 474 kPa).
components to refill SCBA cylinders. F 801.2 Tubing. Tubing shall be stainless steel in accordance
F 601.6 Cylinder Filling Hose. The design of the cabinet with ASTM A269, or other approved materials that are com-
shall provide a means for storing the hose to prevent kinking. patible with breathing air at the system pressure. Routing of
Where the hose is coiled, the brackets shall be installed so tubing and bends shall be such as to protect the tubing from
that the hose bend radius is maintained at 4 inches (102 mm) mechanical damage.
or greater. Fill hose connectors for connection to SCBA cylin- F 801.3 Fittings. Fittings shall be constructed of stainless
ders shall comply with the requirements of CGA V-1, num- steel in accordance with ASTM A479, or other approved
ber 346 or 347. No other SCBA cylinder fill connections shall materials that are compatible with breathing air at the system
be permitted. pressure.

408 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

APPENDIX F

F 801.4 Prohibited Materials. The use of nonmetallic the Authority Having Jurisdiction shall specify the required
materials, carbon steel, iron pipe, malleable iron, high- system capacity.
strength gray iron, or alloy steel shall be prohibited for breath- F 1001.2 Fill Panels or Stations Location. Cylinder fill
ing air pipe and tubing materials. panels or stations shall be installed in the interior of buildings
F 801.5 Pressure Monitoring Switch. An electric low- in accordance with Section F 1001.2.1 through Section F
pressure monitoring switch shall be installed in the piping 1001.2.3.
system to monitor the air pressure. The pressure switch shall F 1001.2.1 High-Rise Buildings. An interior cylin-
transmit a supervisory signal to the central alarm monitoring der fill panel or station shall be installed commencing on
station where the pressure of the breathing air system is less the third floor and every third floor thereafter above
than 80 percent of the system operating pressure. Activation grade. For underground floors in buildings with more
of the pressure switch shall also activate an audible alarm and than five underground floors, an interior cylinder fill
visual strobe located at the building annunciator panel. A panel or station shall be installed commencing on the
weather-resistant sign shall be provided in conjunction with third floor below grade and every three floors below
the audible alarm stating, “FIREFIGHTER AIR SYSTEM – grade thereafter, except for the bottom-most floor.
LOW AIR PRESSURE ALARM.” Where not part of a build-
ing annunciator panel, the lettering shall be in a contrasting F 1001.2.2 Underground Structures. For under-
color, and the letters shall be not less than 2 inches (51 mm) ground floors in buildings with more than five under-
high with a 3⁄8 of an inch (9.5 mm) brush stroke. ground floors, an interior cylinder fill panel or station
shall be installed commencing on the third floor below
F 801.6 Isolation Valve. A system isolation valve shall be
grade and every three floors below grade thereafter,
installed downstream of each air fill station and shall be
except for the bottom-most floor.
located in the panel or within 3 feet (914 mm) of the station.
The isolation valve shall be marked with its function in letters F 1001.2.3 Installation Locations. The specific loca-
that are not less than 3⁄16 of an inch (4.8 mm) high with a 1⁄16 tion or locations on each floor shall be approved by the
of an inch (1.6 mm) brush stroke. Authority Having Jurisdiction.

F 901.0 System Requirements. F 1101.0 System Assembly Requirements.

F 901.1 Protection. Components of the firefighter breath- F 1101.1 General. The system shall be an all-welded system
ing air replenishment system installed in a building or struc- except where the tubing joints are readily accessible and at
ture shall be protected by not less than a 2-hour fire-resistive the individual air fill panels or stations. Where mechanical
construction. Components shall be protected from physical high-pressure tube fittings are used, they shall be approved
damage. for the type of materials to be joined and rated for the maxi-
F 901.2 Markings. Components shall be clearly identified mum pressure of the system.
using stainless steel or plastic labels or tags indicating their F 1101.2 Welding Requirements. Prior to and during the
function. This shall include not less than all fire department welding of sections of tubing, a continuous, regulated dry
connection panels, air fill stations, air storage system, gauges, nitrogen or argon purge at 3 psi (21 kPa) shall be maintained
valves, air connections, air outlets, enclosures, and doors. to eliminate contamination with products of the oxidation or
F 901.3 Tubing Markings. Tubing shall be clearly marked, welding flux. The purge shall commence not less than 2 min-
“FIREFIGHTERS AIR SYSTEM” and “HIGH-PRESSURE utes prior to welding operations and continue until the welded
BREATHING AIR” using signs or self-adhesive labels. Signs joint is at ambient temperature. Welding procedures shall
shall be 1 inch (25.4 mm) high and shall be secured to the comply with the following requirements:
tubing. Signs shall be made of copper alloy, stainless steel, (1) Qualification of the WPS to be used, and of the per-
or plastic and engraved with 3⁄8 of an inch (9.5 mm) letters formance of welders and operators, is required.
with a 1⁄16 of an inch (1.6 mm) stroke lettering. Signs or labels (2) No welding shall be done if there is impingement of rain,
shall be placed at not less than 20 foot (6096 mm) intervals snow, sleet, or high wind on the weld area.
and at each fitting, whether the tubing is concealed or in plain
view. Tubing shall have a sign or label at an accessible point. (3) Tack welds permitted to remain in the finished weld shall
be made by a qualified welder. Tack welds made by an
F 901.4 Support. Pipe and tubing shall be supported at unqualified welder shall be removed. Tack welds that
intervals not less than that shown in Table 313.3 of this code. remain shall be made with an electrode and WPS, which
Pipe and tubing shall be supported in accordance with Section is the same as or equivalent to the electrode and WPS to
313.0 of this code. be used for the first pass. The stopping and starting ends
shall be prepared by grinding or other means so that they
F 1001.0 Design Criteria. are capable of being satisfactorily incorporated into the
F 1001.1 Fill Time. The system shall be designed to fill, at final weld. Tack welds that have cracked shall be
the most remote fill station or panel, not less than two 66 removed.
cubic foot (ft3) (1.87 m3) compressed breathing air cylinders (4) CAUTION: Arc strikes outside the area of the intended
to a pressure not to exceed 4500 psi (31 026 kPa) simultane- weld shall be avoided on a base metal. [ASME
ously in 3 minutes or less. Where greater capacity is required, B31.1:127.4.1]

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 409

APPENDIX F

F 1101.3 Prevention of Contamination. The system (6) Breathing air shall not have a nonmethane volatile
components shall not be exposed to contaminants, including organic compound (VOC) content exceeding 25 ppm as
but not limited to, oils, solvents, dirt, and construction mate- methane equivalents.
rials. Where contamination of system components has (7) Breathing air shall not have a pronounced or unusual
occurred, the affected component shall not be installed in the odor.
system.
(8) Breathing air shall have a concentration of nitrogen not
less than 75 percent and not more than 81 percent.
F 1201.0 System Acceptance and Certification. [NFPA 1989:5.6]
F 1201.1 Static Pressure Testing. Following fabrication, The written report of the analysis shall be submitted to
assembly, and installation of the piping distribution system, the Authority Having Jurisdiction, documenting that the
exterior connection panel, and interior cylinder fill panels, the breathing air is in accordance with this section.
Authority Having Jurisdiction shall witness the pneumatic F 1201.5.1 Air Quality Analysis. During the period
testing of the complete system at a test pressure of not less of air quality analysis, the air fill panel inlet shall be
than 7500 psi (51 711 kPa) using oil-free dry air, nitrogen, or secured so that no air is capable of being introduced into
argon. A pneumatic test of not less than 24 hours shall be per- the system and each air fill panel shall be provided with
formed. During this test, all fittings, joints, and system com- a sign stating, “AIR QUALITY ANALYSIS IN
ponents shall be inspected for leaks. A solution compatible PROGRESS, DO NOT FILL OR USE ANY AIR FROM
with the system component materials shall be used on each THIS SYSTEM.” This sign shall be not less than 8½
joint and fitting. Defects in the system or leaks detected shall inches (216 mm) by 11 inches (279 mm) with not less
be documented on an inspection report, repaired or replaced. than 1 inch (25.4 mm) lettering.
As an alternate, a pressure-decay test in accordance with
ASME B31.3 shall be permitted. F 1201.6 Annual Air Sampling. The breathing air within
the system shall be sampled and certified annually and
F 1201.2 Low-Pressure Switch Test. Upon successful inspected in accordance with the procedure in Section F
completion of the 24 hour static pressure test, the system’s 1201.5.
low-pressure monitoring switch shall be calibrated to not less
than 3000 psi (20 684 kPa) descending, and tested to verify F 1201.7 Final Proof Test. The Authority Having Jurisdic-
that the signal is annunciated at the building’s main fire alarm tion shall witness the filling of two empty 66 cubic foot (ft3)
panel and by means of an audible alarm and visual strobe (1.87 m3) capacity SCBA cylinders in 3 minutes or less, using
located in a visible location. compressed air supplied by fire department equipment con-
nected to the exterior fire department connection panel. The
F 1201.3 Compatibility Check. Each air fill panel and sta- SCBA cylinders shall be filled at the air fill panel or station
tion, and each exterior fire department connection panel shall farthest from the exterior fire department connection panel.
be tested for compatibility with the fire department’s SCBA Following this, not less than two air samples shall then be
fill fittings. taken from separate air filling stations and submitted to an
F 1201.4 Material Certifications. The pipe or tubing mate- independent certified gas analyst laboratory to verify the sys-
rial certifications shall be provided to the Authority Having tem’s cleanliness and that the air is in accordance with the
Jurisdiction. requirements of NFPA 1989. The written report shall be pro-
F 1201.5 Air Sampling. Before the system is placed into vided to the Authority Having Jurisdiction certifying that the
service, a minimum of two samples shall be taken from sep- air analysis is in accordance with the above requirements.
arate air fill panels and submitted to an independent certified
gas analysis laboratory to verify the system’s cleanliness and
that the air is in accordance with the following requirements
for breathing air:
(1) Breathing air shall have oxygen content not less than 19.5
percent and not greater than 23.5 percent by volume.
(2) Breathing air shall not have a concentration of carbon
monoxide exceeding 5.0 parts per million (ppm) by vol-
ume.
(3) Breathing air shall not have a concentration of carbon
dioxide exceeding 1000 ppm by volume.
(4) Breathing air shall not have a concentration of condensed
oil and particulate exceeding 7.2 E-11 pounds per cubic
inch (lb/in3) (2.0 mg/m3) at 72°F (22°C) and 30 in Hg
(102 kPa).
(5) Where breathing air supply for respirators is stored at
pressures exceeding 15 bars (1500 kPa), the breathing air
shall not have a concentration of water exceeding 24 ppm
by volume.

410 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
APPENDIX G - SIZING OF VENTING SYSTEMS
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
that are listed below
Chapter/Section

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 411

412 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
APPENDIX G
SIZING OF VENTING SYSTEMS
(The content of this Appendix is based on Annex F of NFPA 54)
The provisions contained in this appendix are not mandatory unless specifically adopted by a state agency, or referenced in the
adopting ordinance.

G 101.0 General. G 101.2 Examples Using Single Appliance Venting

G 101.1 Applicability. This appendix provides general Tables. See Figure G 101.2(1) through Figure G 101.2(14).
guidelines for sizing venting systems serving appliances
equipped with draft hoods, Category I appliances, and appli-
ances listed for use with Type B vents.

Table 510.1.2(3) is used when sizing a Type B double-wall gas vent con-
nector attached to a tile-lined masonry chimney.

Table 510.1.2(1) is used when sizing a Type B double-wall gas vent con- Notes:
nected directly to the appliance. 1. A is the equivalent cross-sectional area of the tile liner.
2. The appliance can be either Category I draft hood-equipped or fan-assisted
Note: The appliance can be either Category I draft hood-equipped or fan- type.
assisted type. FIGURE G 101.2(3)
FIGURE G 101.2(1) VENT SYSTEM SERVING A SINGLE APPLIANCE
TYPE B DOUBLE-WALL VENT SYSTEM SERVING A SINGLE WITH A MASONRY CHIMNEY AND A TYPE B
APPLIANCE WITH A TYPE B DOUBLE-WALL VENT DOUBLE-WALL VENT CONNECTOR

Table 510.1.2(4) is used when sizing a single-wall vent connector attached

to a tile-lined masonry chimney.

Notes:
Table 510.1.2(2) is used when sizing a single-wall metal vent connector 1. A is the equivalent cross-sectional area of the tile liner.
attached to a Type B double-wall gas vent. 2. The appliance can be either Category I draft hood-equipped or fan-assisted
type.
Note: The appliance can be either Category I draft hood-equipped or fan-
assisted type. FIGURE G 101.2(4)
FIGURE G 101.2(2) VENT SYSTEM SERVING A SINGLE APPLIANCE
TYPE B DOUBLE-WALL VENT SYSTEM SERVING A SINGLE USING A MASONRY CHIMNEY AND A SINGLE-WALL
APPLIANCE WITH A SINGLE-WALL METAL VENT CONNECTOR METAL VENT CONNECTOR

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 413

APPENDIX G

Asbestos cement Type B or single-wall metal vent serving Table 510.2(2) is used when sizing single-wall vent connectors attached to
a single draft hood-equipped appliance. [See Table 510.1.2(5)] a Type B double-wall common vent.

FIGURE G 101.2(5) Note: Each appliance can be either Category I draft hood-equipped or fan-
ASBESTOS CEMENT TYPE B OR SINGLE-WALL assisted type.
METAL VENT SYSTEM SERVING A SINGLE
DRAFT HOOD-EQUIPPED APPLIANCE FIGURE G 101.2(7)
VENT SYSTEM SERVING TWO OR MORE APPLIANCES
WITH TYPE B DOUBLE-WALL VENT AND SINGLE-WALL METAL
VENT CONNECTORS

Table 510.2(1) is used when sizing Type B double-wall gas vent connectors Table 510.2(3) is used when sizing Type B double-wall vent connectors
attached to a Type B double-wall common vent. attached to a tile-lined masonry chimney.

Note: Each appliance can be either Category I draft hood-equipped or fan- Notes:
assisted type. 1. A is the equivalent cross-sectional area of the tile liner.
2. Each appliance can be either Category I draft hood-equipped or fan-
FIGURE G 101.2(6) assisted type.
VENT SYSTEM SERVING TWO OR MORE APPLIANCES WITH
TYPE B DOUBLE-WALL VENT AND TYPE B DOUBLE-WALL FIGURE G 101.2(8)
VENT CONNECTORS MASONRY CHIMNEY SERVING TWO OR MORE APPLIANCES
WITH TYPE B DOUBLE-WALL VENT CONNECTORS

414 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

APPENDIX G

Table 510.2(4) is used when sizing single-wall metal vent connectors Example: Manifolded common vent connector LM can be no greater than 18
attached to a tile-lined masonry chimney. times the common vent connector manifold inside diameter; that is, a 4 inch
(102 mm) inside diameter common vent connector manifold should not
Notes: exceed 72 inches (1829 mm) in length. [See Section 510.2.3]
1. A is the equivalent cross-sectional area of the tile liner.
2. Each appliance can be either Category I draft hood-equipped or fan- Note: This is an illustration of a typical manifolded vent connector. Differ-
assisted type. ent appliance, vent connector, or common vent types are possible. [See Sec-
tion 510.2]
FIGURE G 101.2(9)
MASONRY CHIMNEY SERVING TWO OR MORE APPLIANCES FIGURE G 101.2(11)
WITH SINGLE-WALL METAL VENT CONNECTORS USE OF MANIFOLDED COMMON VENT CONNECTOR

Asbestos cement Type B or single-wall metal pipe vent serving two or more Example: Offset common vent
draft hood-equipped appliances. [See Table 510.2(5)]
Note: This is an illustration of a typical offset vent. Different appliance, vent
FIGURE G 101.2(10) connector, or vent types are possible. [See Section 510.1 and Section 510.2]
ASBESTOS CEMENT TYPE B OR SINGLE-WALL
METAL VENT SYSTEM SERVING TWO OR MORE FIGURE G 101.2(12)
DRAFT HOOD-EQUIPPED APPLIANCES USE OF OFFSET COMMON VENT

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 415

APPENDIX G

FIGURE G 101.2(13)
MULTISTORY GAS VENT DESIGN PROCEDURE
FOR EACH SEGMENT OF SYSTEM

G 101.3 Example 1: Single Draft Hood-Equipped

Appliance. An installer has a 120 000 British thermal units
per hour (Btu/h) (35 kW) input appliance with a 5 inch (127 FIGURE G 101.2(14)
PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN OF MULTISTORY VENTS USING
mm) diameter draft hood outlet that needs to be vented into a
VENT CONNECTOR AND COMMON VENT DESIGN TABLES
10 foot (3048 mm) high Type B vent system. What size vent
shall be used assuming: (1) a 5 foot (1524 mm) lateral sin-
gle-wall metal vent connector is used with two 90 degree (2) If three 90 degree (1.57 rad) elbows are used in the vent
(1.57 rad) elbows or (2) a 5 foot (1524 mm) lateral single- system, the maximum vent capacity listed in the tables
wall metal vent connector is used with three 90 degree (1.57 must be reduced by 10 percent. This implies that the 5
rad) elbows in the vent system? (See Figure G 101.3) inch (127 mm) diameter vent has an adjusted capacity of
only 110 000 Btu/h (32 kW). In this case, the vent sys-
tem must be increased to 6 inches (152 mm) in diameter.
Solution:
See the following calculations:
Table 510.1.2(2) should be used to solve this problem because
single-wall metal vent connectors are being used with a Type
B vent, as follows: 122 000 Btu/h (35.7 kW) x 0.90 = 110 000 Btu/h (32
(1) Read down the first column in Table 510.1.2(2) until the kW) for 5 inch (127 mm) vent
row associated with a 10 foot (3048 mm) height and 5 From Table 510.1.2(2), select 6 inch (152 mm) vent.
foot (1524 mm) lateral is found. Read across this row 186 000 Btu/h (54.5 kW) x 0.90 = 167 000 Btu/h (49 kW)
until a vent capacity greater than 120 000 Btu/h (35 kW)
is located in the shaded columns labeled NAT Max for
draft hood-equipped appliances. In this case, a 5 inch (127 This figure is greater than the required 120 000
mm) diameter vent has a capacity of 122 000 Btu/h (35.7 Btu/h (35 kW). Therefore, use a 6 inch (152 mm) vent
kW) and can be used for this application. and connector where three elbows are used.

APPENDIX G

TABLE G 101.8 Chimney Liner Requirement. As in Example 5(b), use

MASONRY CHIMNEY LINER DIMENSIONS the 63 square inches (0.04 m2) Internal Area columns for this
WITH CIRCULAR EQUIVALENTS*
size clay tile liner. Read down the 63 square inches (0.04 m2)
INSIDE
INSIDE column of Table 510.2(8) to the 30 foot (9144 mm) height
NOMINAL DIAMETER OR EQUIVALENT
LINER SIZE
DIMENSIONS OF
EQUIVALENT AREA
row to find that the combined appliance maximum input is
LINER
(inches)
(inches)
DIAMETER (square inches) 747 000 Btu/h (218.9 kW). The combined input rating of the
(inches) appliances in this installation, 135 000 Btu/h (40 kW), is less
4.0 12.2 than the maximum value, so this criterion is satisfied. Table
510.2(9), at a 19°F (-7.2°C) design temperature, and at the
5.0 19.6 same vent height and internal area used earlier, shows that
4x8 21⁄2 x 61⁄2 the minimum allowable input rating of a space-heating appli-
6.0 28.3
ance is 470 000 Btu/h (137.7 kW). The furnace input rating
7.0 38.3 of 100 000 Btu/h (29 kW) is less than this minimum value. So
7.4 42.7 this criterion is not satisfied, and an alternative venting design
8x8 63⁄4 x 63⁄4 needs to be used, such as a Type B vent shown in Example
8.0 50.3
5(a) or a listed chimney liner system shown in the remainder
9.0 63.6 of the example.
8 x 12 61⁄2 x 101⁄2
10.0 78.5 According to Section 510.2.19, Table 510.2(1) or Table
10.4 83.3 510.2(2) is used for sizing corrugated metallic liners in
12 x 12 93⁄4 x 93⁄4 masonry chimneys, with the maximum common vent capac-
11.0 95.0
ities reduced by 20 percent. This example will be continued
11.8 107.5 assuming Type B vent connectors.
12 x 16 9 ⁄2 x 13 ⁄2
1 1 12.0 113.0 Water Heater Vent Connector Diameter. Using Table
14.0 153.9 510.2(1) Vent Connector Capacity, read down the total Vent
Height (H) column to 30 feet (9144 mm), and read across the
14.5 162.9
16 x 16 131⁄4 x 131⁄4 2 feet (610 mm) Connector Rise (R) row to the first Btu/hour
15.0 176.7 rating in the NAT Max column that is equal to or greater than
16.2 206.1
the water heater input rating. The table shows that a 3 inch (76
16 x 20 13 x 17 mm) vent connector has a maximum capacity of 39 000 Btu/h
18.0 254.4 (11.4 kW). Although this rating is greater than the water
18.2 260.2 heater input rating, a 3 inch (76 mm) vent connector is pro-
20 x 20 161⁄2 x 163⁄4 hibited by Section 510.2.20. A 4 inch (102 mm) vent con-
20.0 314.1 nector has a maximum input rating of 70 000 Btu/h (20.5 kW)
20.1 314.2 and is equal to the draft hood outlet diameter. A 4 inch (102
20 x 24 161⁄2 x 201⁄2 mm) vent connector is selected.
22.0 380.1
Furnace Vent Connector Diameter. Using Table
22.1 380.1 510.2(1), Vent Connector Capacity, read down the total Vent
24 x 24 201⁄4 x 201⁄4
24.0 452.3 Height (H) column to 30 feet (9144 mm), and read across the
3 feet (914 mm) Connector Rise (R) row to the first Btu/h rat-
24 x 28 201⁄4 x 241⁄4 24.1 456.2
ing in the FAN MAX column that is equal to or greater than
26.4 543.3 the furnace input rating. The 100 000 Btu/h (29 kW) furnace
28 x 28 241⁄4 x 241⁄4
27.0 572.5 in this example falls within this range, so a 4 inch (102 mm)
connector is adequate.
27.9 607.0
30 x 30 251⁄2 x 251⁄2 Chimney Liner Diameter. The total input to the common
30.0 706.8 vent is 135 000 Btu/h (40 kW). Using the Common Vent
30.9 749.9 Capacity portion of Table 510.2(1), read down the total Vent
30 x 36 251⁄2 x 311⁄2 Height (H) column to 30 feet (9144 mm) and across this row
33.0 855.3 to find the smallest vent diameter in the FAN + NAT column
34.4 929.4 that has a Btu/h rating greater than 135 000 Btu/h (40 kW).
36 x 36 311⁄2 x 311⁄2 The 4 inch (102 mm) common vent has a capacity of 138 000
36.0 1017.9
Btu/h (40.4 kW). Reducing the maximum capacity by 20 per-
2
For SI units:1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 square inch = 0.000645 m cent results in a maximum capacity for a 4 inch (102 mm)
* When liner sizes differ dimensionally from those shown in this table, corrugated liner of 110 000 Btu/h (32 kW), less than the total
equivalent diameters can be determined from published tables for square
input of 135 000 Btu/h (40 kW). So a larger liner is needed.
and rectangular ducts of equivalent carrying capacity or by other engi-
neering methods. The 5 inch (127 mm) common vent capacity listed in Table

420 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

APPENDIX G

510.2(1) is 210 000 Btu/h (62 kW), and after reducing by 20

percent is 168 000 Btu/h (49.2 kW). Therefore, a 5 inch (127
mm) corrugated metal liner should be used in this example.
Single Wall Connectors. Once it has been established
that relining the chimney is necessary, Type B double-wall
vent connectors are not specifically required. This example
could be redone using Table 510.2(2) for single-wall vent
connectors. For this case, the vent connector and liner diam-
eters would be the same as found for Type B double-wall con-
nectors.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 421

422 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
APPENDIX H - PRIVATE SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEMS
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter X X X X X

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
that are listed below
Chapter/Section

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 423

432 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

APPENDIX H

public property abutting such premises shall fail, refuse, or

neglect to be in accordance with the provisions of this sec-
tion or upon receipt of notice so to be in accordance with the
Authority Having Jurisdiction.
H 1101.5 Permittee. Where disposal facilities are aban-
doned consequent to connecting any premises with the pub-
lic sewer, the permittee making the connection shall fill all
abandoned facilities in accordance with the Authority Having
Jurisdiction within 30 days from the time of connecting to the
public sewer.

H 1201.0 Drawings and Specifications.

H 1201.1 General. The Authority Having Jurisdiction,
Health Officer, or other department having jurisdiction shall
be permitted to require the following information before a
permit is issued for a private sewage disposal system or at a
time during the construction thereof:
(1) Plot plan drawn to scale, completely dimensioned, show-
ing direction and approximate slope of surface, location
of present or proposed retaining walls, drainage chan-
nels, water supply lines or wells, paved areas and struc-
tures on the plot, number of bedrooms or plumbing
fixtures in each structure, and location of the private
sewage disposal system with relation to lot lines and
structures.
(2) Details of construction necessary to ensure compliance
with the requirements of this appendix together with a
full description of the complete installation including
quality, kind, and grade of materials, equipment, con-
struction, workmanship, and methods of assembly and
installation.
(3) A log of soil formations and groundwater levels as deter-
mined by test holes dug in close proximity to a proposed
seepage pit or disposal field, together with a statement
of water absorption characteristics of the soil at the pro-
posed site, as determined by approved percolation tests.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 433

434 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
APPENDIX I - INSTALLATION STANDARDS
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter X X X X X X

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
X X X X X
that are listed below
Chapter/Section
IAPMO IS 26-2019
IAPMO IS 31-2014 X X X X X
IAPMO IS 33-2019
TCNA Handbook-2018
This state agency does not adopt sections identified with the following symbol: †
The Office of the State Fire Marshal’s adoption of this chapter or individual sections is applicable to structures regulated by other state agencies pursuant to
Section 1.11.0.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 435

436 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
APPENDIX I
INSTALLATION STANDARDS

CONTENTS

Page
e2
IAPMO IS 26-2019
Trenchless Insertion of Polyethylene (PE) Pipe for Sewer Laterals................................................................439

IAPMO IS 31-2014e2
Installation Standard for PEX Tubing Systems for Hot- and Cold Water Distribution......................................443

IAPMO IS 33-2019e1
Thrust Blocking for Rubber Gasketed and Solvent Cement Joints ................................................................451

TCNA Handbook-2018
For Ceramic, Glass, and Stone Tile Installation .............................................................................................459

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 437

438 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
"The information contained in this appendix is not part of this American National Standard (ANS) and has not been
processed in accordance with ANSI's requirements for an ANS. As such, this appendix may contain material that has
not been subjected to public review or a consensus process. In addition, it does not contain requirements necessary
for conformance to the standard."

The following IAPMO Installation Standard is included here for the convenience of the users of the California Plumb-
ing Code. It is not considered as a part of the California Plumbing Code unless formally adopted as such. This
Installation Standard is an independent, stand-alone document published by the International Association of Plumb-
ing and Mechanical Officials and is printed herein by the expressed written permission of IAPMO.

TRENCHLESS INSERTION OF
POLYETHYLENE (PE) PIPE FOR SEWER LATERALS

IAPMO IS 26-2019e2
The provisions contained in this appendix are not mandatory unless specifically adopted by a state agency, or referenced in the
adopting ordinance.

1 Scope ASTM International

1.1 General ASTM D3261
This standard shall govern the trenchless installation Standard Specification for Butt Heat Fusion Poly-
of polyethylene (PE) pipe for use in sanitary and ethylene (PE) Plastic Fittings for Polyethylene (PE)
storm sewers. The installed pipe shall comply with Plastic Pipe and Tubing
the requirements of the Uniform Plumbing Code
(UPCTM) published by the International Association
of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials (IAPMO) as ASTM F714
to grade and connections to existing pipe and shall Standard Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic
also comply with this standard. This standard spec- Pipe (DR-PR) Based on Outside Diameter
ifies requirements for the installation of the trench-
less insertion of polyethylene (PE) pipe for use in
sanitary and storm sewers. ASTM F894
1.2 Terminology Standard Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Large
Diameter Profile Wall Sewer and Drain Pipe
In this Standard,
(a) “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a
provision that the user is obliged to satisfy to ASTM F1055
comply with the Standard; Standard Specification for Electrofusion Type Poly-
(b) “should” is used to express a recommendation, ethylene Fittings for Outside Diameter Controlled
but not a requirement; Polyethylene and Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX)
(c) “may” is used to express an option or something Pipe and Tubing
permissible within the scope of the Standard; and
(d) “can” is used to express a possibility or a capa- ASTM F2620
bility.
Standard Practice for Heat Fusion Joining of Poly-
ethylene Pipe and Fittings
Notes accompanying sections of the Standard do not
specify requirements or alternative requirements;
their purpose is to separate explanatory or informa- 3 Abbreviations
tive material from the text. Notes to tables and fig- The following abbreviations apply in this Standard:
ures are considered part of the table or figure and PE — Polyethylene
can be written as requirements.
HDPE — High Density Polyethylene

2 Reference Publications
4 General
This Standard refers to the following publications,
and where such reference is made, it shall be to the 4.1 Product Requirements
current edition of those publications, including all Polyethylene (PE) sewer pipe or tubing and fitting
amendments published thereto. joining methods shall be installed in accordance

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 439

IS 26

with the manufacturer’s installation instructions and 4.5 Trenchless Installation of Sewers
comply with ASTM F714, ASTM F894 the appli- The trenchless installation of sewers will be as fol-
cable nationally recognized standard. lows:
4.2 HDPE Materials (a) Preliminary Steps
HDPE Extra High Molecular Weight 3408 SDR 17 (i) Inspect the inside of the sewer line using a
Pipe Socket-Type PE Fittings for Outside Diameter camera and recording device to ascertain
Controlled. the line condition.
Note: The HDPE 3408 SDR 17 pipe used in this (ii) Mark the details revealed by the video
process was selected because of its ability to retain inspection including:
its circular shape even when bent on a 1.2 m (4 ft) 1. The ground surface to show the loca-
radius during and after installation. tion of the lateral tie of the city wye.
4.3 Protection of Pipe 2. The line location with an arrow in the
Pipe shall be stored in a way to protect it from street pointing back at the lateral.
mechanical damage (slitting, puncturing, etc.). It 3. The property denoting the lateral loca-
shall be stored under cover to keep it clean and avoid tion.
long term exposure to sunlight. Exposure to sunlight 4. The locations of the proposed excava-
during normal construction periods is acceptable. tions.
4.4 Joining Methods (iii) Obtain utility line identification service con-
PE joints shall be made in accordance with the man- tact information and all applicable permits.
ufacturer’s installation instructions. PE pipe shall be (b) Excavation
joined to other pipe materials by an approved listed In addition to the above markings, the local util-
adapter or transition fittings listed for the specific ity companies will mark utilities. Considera-
transition intended. tions are soil density; clearance from obstacles,
4.4.1 Butt-Fusion Joints [2021 UPC 705.5.1.1] utilities, and structures; location of bends, and
Butt-fusion joints for PE pipe shall be installed in water service locations. Excavations and
accordance with ASTM F2620 and shall be made by shoring shall be in accordance with jurisdic-
heating the prepared ends of two pipes, pipe and fit- tional safety requirements.
ting, or two fittings by holding ends against a heated (c) Set Up
element. The heated element shall be removed when Fuse the proper length of polyethylene pipe in
the required melt or times are obtained, and heated accordance with ASTM F2620, or ASTM
ends shall be placed together with applied force. Do D3261 and fuse the end to a small length that is
not disturb the joint until cooled to ambient temper- attached to the pulling head. A rod pusher cable
ature. is pushed through the damaged host pipe and
4.4.2 Electro-Fusion Joints [2021 UPC 705.5.1.2] attached to the pulling cable, which is then
drawn through the pipe. The clevis end of the
Electro-fusion joints shall be heated internally by a cable is attached to the pulling head. The
conductor at the interface of the joint. Fittings shall pulling equipment is then set up according to
comply with ASTM F1055 for the performance the manufacturer’s instructions.
requirements of polyethylene electro-fusion fittings.
The specified electro-fusion cycle used to form the (d) Pulling
joint requires consideration of the properties of the Pull the pulling head through. Once the pull is
materials being joined, the design of the fitting being done, complete the connection to the existing
used, and the environmental conditions. Align and piping.
restrain fitting to pipe to prevent movement and 4.6 Cleanouts
apply electric current to the fitting. Turn off the cur- 4.6.1 Plug
rent when the required time has elapsed to heat the Each cleanout fitting for cast-iron pipe shall consist
joint. Do not disturb the joint until cooled to ambi- of a cast-iron or brass body and an approved plug.
ent temperature. Each cleanout for galvanized wrought-iron, galva-
4.4.3 Socket-Fusion Joints [2021 UPC 705.5.1.3] nized steel, copper, or brass pipe shall consist of a
Socket fusion joints shall be installed in accordance brass plug as specified in Table 1, or a standard
with ASTM F2620 and shall be made by simultane- weight brass cap, or an approved ABS or PVC plas-
ously heating the outside surface of a pipe end and tic plug, or an approved stainless-steel cleanout or
the inside of a fitting socket. Where the required plug. Plugs shall have raised square heads or
melt is obtained, the pipe and fitting shall be joined approved countersunk rectangular slots.
by inserting one into the other with applied force. 4.6.2 Approved
Do not disturb the joint until cooled to ambient tem- Each cleanout fitting and each cleanout plug, or cap
perature. shall be of an approved type.

440 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

IS 26

4.6.3 Watertight and Gastight The following standards from Tables 1701.1 and 1701.2 of
Cleanouts shall be designed to be watertight and the 2021 Uniform Plumbing Code apply.
gastight.
Table 1701.1 Standards
5 Testing and Inspection Requirements ASTM D2239 Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (SIDR-
PR) Based on Controlled Inside Diam-
5.1 Media
eter
The piping of the building sewer shall be tested with ASTM D2683 Socket-Type Polyethylene Fittings for
water. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be Outside Diameter-Controlled Polyeth-
permitted to require the removal of cleanouts, etc., to ylene Pipe and Tubing
ascertain whether the pressure has reached all parts
ASTM D3261 Butt Heat Fusion Polyethylene (PE)
of the system.
Plastic Fittings for Polyethylene (PE)
5.2 Water Test Plastic Pipe and Tubing
The system shall be tested by plugging the end of ASTM F714 Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (DR-
the building sewer at its points of connection to the PR) Based on Outside Diameter
public sewer or private sewage disposal system and ASTM F894 Polyethylene (PE) Large Diameter
completely filling the building sewer with water Profile Wall Sewer and Drain Pipe
from the lowest to the highest point thereof.
ASTM F1055 Electrofusion Type Polyethylene Fit-
5.3 Inspections tings for Outside Diameter Controlled
The completed piping shall be internally inspected Polyethylene and Crosslinked Poly-
by camera unless waived by the Administrative ethylene (PEX) Pipe and Tubing
Authority. ASTM F2620 Heat Fusion Joining of Polyethylene
Pipe and Fittings
TABLE 1
CLEANOUTS
(See Section 4.6.1)
Table 1701.2 Standards
SIZE OF CLEANOUT
ASTM D2657 Heat Fusion Joining of Polyolefin Pipe
NPS
(inches)
THREADS PER INCH and Fittings
1.5 1.5 11.5 IAPMO PS 25 Metallic Fittings for Joining Polyeth-
2 1.5 11.5 ylene Pipe for Water Service and Yard
2.5 2.5 8 Piping
3 2.5 8
4 & larger 3.5 8
Note: For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm

Uniform Plumbing Code References

The following sections of the 2021 Uniform Plumbing Code

apply.

105.2 Required Inspections

105.2.2 Other Inspections
105.3 Testing of Systems
301.2 Minimum Standards
309.0 Workmanship
312.0 Protection of Piping, Materials, and Structures
314.0 Trenching, Excavation, and Backfill
701.3 Drainage Fittings
705.5.1.1 Butt Fusion Joints
705.5.1.2 Electro-Fusion Joints
705.5.1.3 Socket-Fusion Joints
723.0 Building Sewer Test

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 441

442 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
"The information contained in this appendix is not part of this American National Standard (ANS) and has not been
processed in accordance with ANSI's requirements for an ANS. As such, this appendix may contain material that has
not been subjected to public review or a consensus process. In addition, it does not contain requirements necessary
for conformance to the standard."

INSTALLATION STANDARD FOR PEX TUBING SYSTEMS

FOR HOT- AND COLD-WATER DISTRIBUTION

IAPMO IS 31-2014e2
The provisions contained in this appendix are not mandatory unless specifically adopted by a state agency, or referenced in the
adopting ordinance.

1.0 Scope. their purpose is to separate explanatory or informa-

1.1 General. tive material from the text. Notes to tables and fig-
ures are considered part of the table or figure and
1.1.1 This Standard specifies requirements for the instal-
can be written as requirements.
lation of SDR 9 CTS crosslinked polyethylene
(PEX) tubing and fittings, including cold-expansion, 1.3 Amendments.
crimp, press, and mechanical compression fittings, Proposals for amendments to this Standard will be
intended for hot- and cold-water distribution sys- processed in accordance with the standards-writing
tems within buildings. procedures of IAPMO.
1.1.2 This Standards applies to
(a) SDR 9 CTS PEX tubing complying with 2.0 Reference Publications.
ASTM F876 and pressure-rated in accordance This Standard refers to the following publications,
with PPI TR-3; and and where such reference is made, it shall be to the
(b) PEX fitting systems complying with current edition of those publications, including all
(i) ASTM F877, for mechanical compression amendments published thereto.
fittings and metal or plastic insert fittings
with stainless steel press sleeves; ASTM F876 Standard Specification for
(ii) ASTM F1807 or ASTM F2159, for metal Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX)
or plastic insert fittings with copper crimp Tubing
rings; ASTM F877 Standard Specification for
(iii) ASTM F1960, for cold expansion fittings Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX)
with PEX reinforced rings; or Hot- and Cold-Water Distribution
(iv) ASTM F2080, for cold expansion fittings Systems
with metal compression sleeves. ASTM F1807 Standard Specification for Metal
1.2 Terminology. Insert Fittings Utilizing a Copper
In this Standard, Crimp Ring for SDR9 Cross-
linked Polyethylene (PEX) Tubing
(a) “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a and SDR9 Polyethylene of Raised
provision that the user is obliged to satisfy to Temperature (PE-RT) Tubing
comply with the Standard;
ASTM F1960 Standard Specification for Cold
(b) “should” is used to express a recommendation, Expansion Fittings with PEX
but not a requirement; Reinforcing Rings for Use with
(c) “may” is used to express an option or something Cross-linked Polyethylene (PEX)
permissible within the scope of the Standard; and Tubing
(d) “can” is used to express a possibility or a capa- ASTM F2080 Standard Specification for Cold-
bility. Expansion Fittings With Metal
Notes accompanying sections of the Standard do not Compression-Sleeves for Cross-
specify requirements or alternative requirements; Linked Polyethylene (PEX) Pipe

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 443

IS 31

ASTM F2159 Standard Specification for Plastic 4.2 Fittings.

Insert Fittings Utilizing a Copper 4.2.1 Cold-Expansion Fittings.
Crimp Ring for SDR9 Cross-
linked Polyethylene (PEX) Tubing Cold-expansion fittings typically
and SDR9 Polyethylene of Raised (a) are made of brass, stainless steel, or sulfone;
Temperature (PE-RT) Tubing (b) consist of an insert and a PEX reinforcing ring;
ASTM F2657 Standard Test Method for Out- and
door Weathering Exposure of (c) are available in NTS-3⁄8 to NTS-3.
Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX)
Tubing 4.2.2 Crimp or Press Insert Fittings.
AWWA C904 Cross-Linked Polyethylene Crimp or press insert fittings typically
(PEX) Pressure Tubing, ½ In. (12 (a) are made of brass, stainless steel, or sulfone;
mm) Through 3 In. (76 mm) for (b) consist of an insert and a copper crimp ring or
Water Service a stainless steel press ring
IAPMO/ (c) are available in NTS-3⁄8 to NTS-2.
ANSI UPC-1 Uniform Plumbing Code 4.2.3 Compression Fittings.
PPI TR-3 Policies and Procedures for Compression (i.e., transition) fittings typically
Developing Hydrostatic Design
Basis (HDB), Pressure Design (a) are made of brass; and
Basis (PDB), Strength Design (b) consist of
Basis (SDB), and Minimum (i) a nut, a compression ring, and an insert; or
Required Strength (MRS) Ratings
for Thermoplastic Tubing Materi- (ii) an O-ring brass insert with a compression
als or Tubing sleeve
(c) are available in NTS-1∕4 to NTS-3.
3.0 Abbreviations. 4.3 Installation.
The following abbreviations apply in this Standard: Only fittings systems marked on the tubing shall be
CTS — copper tube size used for installation with that particular tubing.
HDPE — high density polyethylene 4.4 Tools.
IC — insulation contact Tools and tool accessories (e.g., tool heads) used for
the installation of PEX tubing systems shall be in
NTS — nominal tubing size
accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications
PEX — crosslinked polyethylene and written instructions.
SDR — standard dimension ratio 4.5 Tubing Protection.
UV — ultraviolet light 4.5.1 Abrasion.
PEX tubing passing through drilled or notched metal
4.0 General. studs or metal joists, or hollow-shell masonry walls
4.1 Tubing. shall be protected from abrasion by elastomeric or
4.1.1 PEX tubing can be plastic sleeves or grommets.
(a) pigmented throughout (i.e., with color); 4.5.2 Puncture.
(b) non-pigmented (e.g., translucent or natural); or Steel-plate protection shall be installed in accor-
(c) coated with a pigmented layer. dance with the local plumbing code.
4.1.2 PEX tubing is typically available in NTS-1/4 to NTS-
3. 5.0 Handling.
4.1.3 Before installation, the installer shall review the tub- 5.1 Receiving.
ing markings and verify that When receiving PEX tubing shipments, the receiver
(a) the standard designation(s) of the fittings to shall inspect and inventory each shipment, ensuring
which the tube can be joined to is included in that there has been no loss or damage. In addition:
the markings; (a) At the time of unloading, the markings of all
(b) it bears a certification mark from an accredited tubing, fittings, and accessories shall be veri-
certification organization; and fied to ensure that all items have been manu-
(c) pressure and temperature ratings meet or exceed factured in accordance with the applicable
that of the intended end-use. product Standard and appropriately certified.

444 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

IS 31

(b) An overall examination of the shipment shall be rience a 22ºC (40ºF) or greater change in tempera-
made. If the shipment is intact, ordinary inspec- ture (operating temperature compared to ambient
tion while unloading shall be sufficient to temperature) shall be controlled by a means of miti-
ensure that the items have arrived in good con- gating temperature-induced stresses to other parts of
dition. the water distribution system. Means for controlling
(c) If the load has shifted, has broken packaging, thermal expansion and contraction include
or shows evidence of rough treatment, each (a) loops;
item shall be carefully inspected for damage. (b) offsets;
(d) The total quantities of each shipment (e.g., tub- (c) arms with rigid anchor points; and
ing, gaskets, fittings, and accessories) shall be
(d) supporting the tubing with continuous runs of
checked against shipping records.
CTS support channels with
(e) Any damaged or missing items shall be noted
(i) rigid anchor points installed every 20 m (65
on the delivery slip. The carrier shall be noti-
ft); and
fied immediately and a claim made in accor-
dance with its instructions. (ii) proper strapping (e.g., 27 kg (60 lb) straps
or equivalent) spaced 1 m (3 ft) and rated
(f) No damaged material shall be disposed of. The
for the maximum temperature and UV
carrier shall recommend the procedure to fol-
exposure of the PEX tubing application.
low.
6.2 Vertical Tubing Runs.
(g) Shortages and damaged materials are normally
not reshipped without request. If replacement Thermal expansion and contraction forces on verti-
material is needed, it shall be reordered from cal runs of PEX tubing that pass through more than
the manufacturer, the distributor, or a manufac- one floor and can experience a 22ºC (40ºF) or
turer’s representative. greater change in temperature (operating tempera-
ture compared to ambient temperature) shall be con-
5.2 Storage and UV Exposure.
trolled by installing
5.2.1 PEX tubing and fittings shall be stored indoors and
(a) a riser clamp at the top of every other floor; and
in its original packaging until the time of installa-
tion. Appropriate precautions to protect the tubing (b) mid-story guides to maintain the alignment of
from damage, impact, and punctures shall be taken. the vertical tubing.
5.2.2 Accumulative exposure time to UV radiation during Note: Installing riser clamps isolates expansion
storage and installation shall not exceed the UV and contraction to two-floor intervals allowing the
exposure limits recommended by the manufacturer PEX tubing to naturally compensate for the expan-
or specified in ASTM F876. sion and contraction.
Note: ASTM F876 has four categories for UV-resis- 6.3 Clearance.
tance, ranging from untested to 6 months of contin- Adequate clearance shall be provided between PEX
uous exposure, as listed in the material designation tubing and the building structure (e.g., using bored
code. holes and sleeves) to allow for free longitudinal
5.3 Exposure to Heat. movement of the tubing.
5.3.1 PEX tubing and fittings shall not be exposed to open 6.4 Expansion Arms and Expansion Loops.
flames. 6.4.1 Expansion Arms (See Figure 1).
5.3.2 PEX tubing shall not be exposed to temperatures 6.4.1.1 Expansion arms shall be installed as illustrated in
exceeding 93ºC (200ºF). Figure 1.
5.4 Exposure to Chemicals. 6.4.1.2 The minimum length of expansion arms shall be cal-
5.4.1 Chemical compatibility (e.g., with common con- culated using the following equation:
struction materials) shall be verified with the manu-
facturer prior to direct contact. LB = C × √(D × ΔL)
5.4.2 In general, petroleum- or solvent-based chemicals where
(e.g., paints, greases, pesticides, or sealants) shall
not be allowed to come in direct contact with PEX LB = length of flexible arm
tubing or fittings. C = material constant (12 for PEX)
D = nominal outside diameter of tubing
6.0 Thermal Expansion and Contraction. ΔL = thermal expansion length
6.1 Horizontal Tubing Runs. 6.4.2 Expansion Loops (See Figure 2).
Thermal expansion and contraction forces on sus- 6.4.2.1 Expansion loops shall be installed at the mid-point
pended horizontal runs of PEX tubing that can expe- between anchors, as illustrated in Figure 2.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 445

IS 31

6.4.2.2 The minimum length of expansion loops shall be 8.2 Concealed Joints.
calculated using the equation in Section 6.4.1.2; PEX tubing systems manufactured in accordance
however, the distance LB shall be divided into three with the applicable standards referenced in Section
sections, as illustrated in Figure 2, where 2 are deemed manufactured joints and may be
L1 = LB ÷ 5; and installed in concealed spaces without the need for
L2 = L1 × 2 access panels.

7.0 Hangers and Supports. 9.0 Clearances.

7.1 Vertical Tubing. 9.1 Gas Vents.
Vertical PEX tubing shall Except for double-wall B-vents, which require a 25
(a) be supported at each floor or as specified by the mm (1 in) clearance, the clearance between gas
water-distribution system designer to allow for appliance vents and PEX tubing shall be at least 150
expansion and contraction; and mm (6 in).
(b) have mid-story guides. 9.2 Recessed Light Fixtures.
7.2 Horizontal Tubing. Except when the PEX tubing is protected with fiber-
Unless otherwise authorized by the authority having glass or closed-cell insulation or the recessed light is
jurisdiction, suspended horizontal runs of PEX tub- IC-rated, the clearance between recessed light fix-
ing tures and PEX tubing shall be at least 300 mm (12
in).
(a) NTS-1 and smaller shall be supported every 0.8
m (32 in), unless continuously supported by 9.3 Fluorescent Lighting.
metallic CTS or V channels that When in direct view of the light source, the clear-
(i) are supported at intervals not exceeding 1.8 ance between fluorescent lighting and PEX tubing
m (6 ft); shall be at least 1.5 m (5 ft). If the minimum clear-
(ii) have a maximum cantilever, measured ance cannot be achieved, the PEX tubing shall be
from the support to the end of the CTS sup- protected with a UV-blocking sleeve.
port channel, of 0.5 m (1.5 ft); and
(b) NTS-11⁄4 and larger shall be supported every 1.2 10.0 Other Considerations.
m (4 ft), unless continuously supported by 10.1 Hot-Work Joints.
metallic CTS or V channels that
Hot-work joints (e.g., soldering, brazing, welding,
(i) are supported at intervals not exceeding 2.4 and fusion-welding) shall be
m (8 ft); and
(a) made at least 500 mm (18 in) from PEX tubing
(ii) have a maximum cantilever, measured in the same water line; and
from the support to the end of the CTS sup-
port channel, of 0.5 m (1.5 ft). (b) performed prior to completing the PEX joints.
7.3 Anchors. 10.2 Bending Radius.
Anchors shall be 10.2.1 The free (unsupported) bending radius for PEX tub-
ing, measured at the outside of the bend, shall be not
(a) used to restrict PEX tubing movement;
less than six times the actual outside diameter of the
(b) made of materials that provide rigidity to the tubing, unless otherwise specified by the PEX man-
support system and utilize pipe clamps designed ufacturer. Supports should be used to facilitate rigid
for plastic tubing capable of restraining the tub- bends and to alleviate stress on PEX joints when
ing; and bends are needed in close proximity to such joints.
(c) installed in accordance with Figures 1 or 2, as 10.2.2 Tighter bends may be used when the PEX tubing is
applicable (i.e., anchor distances and size of uniformly bent (supported) around a curved bracket
arms and offsets). or other rigid fixture. In this case, the minimum out-
Note: Anchors are typically installed every 20 m side radius of the supported bend shall be as speci-
(65 ft). See Section 6. fied by the PEX manufacturer.
10.3 Directional Fittings.
8.0 Joints and Connections. Directional fittings (e.g., 90º and 45º elbows) should
8.1 Assembly Procedure. only be installed where necessary.
The procedure for making joints shall be as speci- Note: The flexible nature of PEX tubing allows for
fied by the manufacturer. sweeping bends resulting in less fittings and joints.

446 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

IS 31

10.4 Direct Burial.

PEX tubing and fittings may be used in direct burial
applications when allowed in the manufacturer’s writ-
ten installation instructions.
Note: AWWA C904 should be consulted for water
service applications.
10.5 Fire-Resistive Construction.
Manufacturer’s installation instructions shall be con-
sulted prior to installation of PEX tubing in fire resis-
tive constructions. PEX tubing penetrating a wall or
floor-and-ceiling fire-rated assembly shall include a
means of passive fire protection in accordance with
the local codes.
10.6 Sizing and Flow Velocities.
10.6.1 PEX tubing shall be sized in accordance with
IAPMO/ANSI UPC 1. Note:
LB = C × √(D × ΔL)
Note: Potable water piping sizing is addressed in
where
Chapter 6 and Appendix A of IAPMO/ANSI UPC.
LB = length of flexible arm
10.6.2 The tubing manufacturer’s pressure-loss data should
C = material constant (12 for PEX)
be referenced when using Appendix A of
D = nominal outside diameter of tubing
IAPMO/ANSI UPC 1. In absence of such data, Fig-
ΔL = thermal expansion length
ures 3 and 4 shall be used.
10.6.3 Flow velocities through the water distribution sys-
FIGURE 1
tem, used for calculating flush tank and flush valve EXPANSION ARMS
fixture units depending on the tubing sizes (see (See Sections 6.4.1 and 7.3)
Table 1), shall not exceed
(a) 3.0 m/s (10 ft/s) for cold-water distribution sys-
tems; and
(b) 2.4 m/s (8 ft/s) for hot-water distribution sys-
tems.
Note: The flow velocities in Items (a) and (b)
account for the increased velocities through the fit-
tings.
10.6.4 Hot-water recirculation systems shall
(a) be balanced to maintain adequate system tem-
peratures; and
(b) have flow velocities that do not exceed 0.6 m/s
(2 ft/s) (see Table 2); and
(c) use only PEX tubing designated for hot, chlori-
nated water recirculation systems and rated for
the maximum percentage of time during which
the system is intended to be operated at elevated
temperatures, in accordance with ASTM F876.
10.7 Installation Testing.
Installation of PEX water distribution systems may
be tested with air when
(a) expressly allowed in the written instructions of
the manufacturers of all plastic pipe and fittings
installed at the time the PEX piping system is
being tested; and
(b) compressed air or other gas testing is not pro-
hibited by the authority having jurisdiction.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 447

IS 31

TABLE 1
CALCULATION OF FLUSH TANK AND FLUSH VALVE FIXTURE UNITS
(See Section 10.6.3)

FLOW VELOCITY: 3.0 m/s (10 ft/s) FLOW VELOCITY: 2.4 m/s (8 ft/s)
NOMINAL TUBING
SIZE FLOW VOLUME, FLUSH TANK FLUSH VALVE FLOW, FLUSH TANK FLUSH VALVE
L/min (gpm) FIXTURE UNITS FIXTURE UNITS L/min (gpm) FIXTURE UNITS FIXTURE UNITS
1
⁄2 20.8 (5.5) 6 — 16.7 (4.4) 4 —
3
⁄4 41.6 (11.0) 15 — 33.3 (8.8) 11 —
1 68.9 (18.2) 26 — 55.3 (14.6) 20 —
1 ⁄4
1
103.0 (27.2) 46 10 82.5 (21.8) 33 5
11⁄2 143.5 (37.9) 77 24 114.7 (30.3) 54 13
2 246.1 (65.0) 200 91 196.8 (52.0) 135 52
3 533.0 (140.8) 590 495 426.2 (112.6) 443 310

TABLE 2
TUBING SIZES, FLOWS, AND FRICTION LOSSES FOR
HOT-WATER RECIRCULATION SYSTEMS
(See Section 10.6.4)

FLOW VELOCITY FLOW VOLUME FRICTION LOSSES AT 49ºC (120ºF)

NOMINAL TUBING SIZE
m/s (ft/s) L/min (gpm) kPa/m (psi/ft)
1
⁄2 0.6 (2) 4.2 (1.1) 0.4411 (0.0195)
3
⁄4 0.6 (2) 8.3 (2.2) 0.2850 (0.0126)
1 0.6 (2) 13.6 (3.6) 0.2081 (0.0092)
11⁄4 0.6 (2) 20.4 (5.4) 0.1629 (0.0072)
11⁄2 0.6 (2) 28.4 (7.5) 0.1335 (0.0059)
2 0.6 (2) 48.8 (12.9) 0.0950 (0.0042)

Note:
LB shall be calculated as specified in Figure 2 and divided into three sections, as follows:
LB = L1 + (2 × L2)
where
L1 = LB ÷ 5; and
L2 = L1 × 2.
FIGURE 2
EXPANSION LOOPS
(See Sections 6.4.2 and 7.3)

448 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

IS 31

FIGURE 3
PRESSURE LOSS OF PEX TUBING AT 16 ºC (60ºF)
(See Section 10.6.2)

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 449

IS 31

FIGURE 4
PRESSURE LOSS OF PEX TUBING AT 49 ºC (120ºF)
(See Section 10.6.2)

450 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

"The information contained in this appendix is not part of this American National Standard (ANS) and has not been
processed in accordance with ANSI's requirements for an ANS. As such, this appendix may contain material that has
not been subjected to public review or a consensus process. In addition, it does not contain requirements necessary
for conformance to the standard."

THRUST BLOCKING FOR RUBBER GASKETED AND

SOLVENT CEMENT JOINTS

SOIL lbs/ft2 (psf) kN/m2 (kPa)

Mulch, Peat, etc. 0 0
Soft Clay 1000 48
Sand 2000 96
Sand and Gravel 3000 143
Sand and Gravel Cement with Clay 4000 191
Hard Shale 10,000 478

TABLE 5
MINIMUM CURE TIME, IN HOURS (h)*
TEST PRESSURE FOR PIPE
(See Section 6.2)
DN 15 TO 32 DN 40 TO 80 DN 80 TO 200
(NPS 1/2 TO 1-1/4) (NPS 1-1/2 TO 3) (NPS 3-1/2 TO 8)
DN 15 DN 32 DN 40 DN 80 DN 90 DN 200
(NPS 1/2) (NPS 1-1/2) (NPS 1-1/2) (NPS 1-1/2) (NPS 3-1/2) (NPS 8)
TEMPERATURE ABOVE 1240 TO ABOVE 1240 TO ABOVE 1240 TO
UP TO 1240 kPa UP TO 1240 kPa UP TO 1240 kPa
RANGE DURING 2549 kPa 2549 kPa 2549 kPa
(180 PSI) (180 PSI) (180 PSI)
CURE PERIOD (180 TO 370 psi) (180 TO 370 psi) (180 TO 370 psi)
60°F - 100°F
1h 6h 2h 12 h 6h 24 h
(16°C-38°C)
40°F-60°F
2h 12 h 4h 24 h 12 h 48 h
(4°C-16°C)
10°F- 40°F
8h 48 h 16 h 96 h 48 h 8 days
(-12°C+4°C)
*If gaps or loose fits are encountered in the system, double these cure times.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 455

IS 33

FIGURE 1
LOCATION OF THRUST BLOCKS
(STANDARD AND METRIC COMBINED)
A COMPARISON OF THRUST-BLOCK AREAS
(See Section 4.1)

456 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

IS 33

FIGURE 2
THRUST BLOCK BEARING AREA
(See Section 5.2.2)

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 457

IS 33

Uniform Plumbing Code References for AWWA C151 Ductile-Iron Pipe, Centrifugally Cast
Ductile Iron and PVC Pressure Building Supply AWWA C153 Ductile-Iron Compact Fitting
and Exterior Cold-Water Piping
AWWA C900 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pressure
Pipe and Fabricated Fittings, 4 in.
The following sections of the 2021 Uniform Plumbing Code through 12 in. (100 mm through 300
apply to ductile iron and PVC pressure building supply and mm)
exterior cold-water piping. AWWA C904 Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Pres-
sure Tubing, ½ in. through 3 In. (13
Chapter 3 General Regulations mm through 76 mm), for Water Serv-
ice
309.0 Workmanship
AWWA C907 Injection-Molded Polyvinyl Chloride
312.0 Protection of Piping, Materials, and Struc- (PVC) Pressure Fittings, 4 In, through
tures 12 in (100 mm through 300 mm) for
313.0 Hangers and Supports Water, Wastewater and Reclaimed
314.0 Trenching, Excavation, and Backfill Water Service

Chapter 6 Water Supply and Distribution IAPMO/

604.0 Materials (water piping) ANSI UPC-1 Uniform Plumbing Code
Table 604.1 Materials for Building Supply and Water
Distribution Piping and Fittings
605.4 Ductile Iron Pipe and Joints
605.12 PVC Plastic Pipe and Joints
605.16.2 Plastic Pipe to Other Materials
609.0 Installation, Testing, Unions, and Location

Abbreviations
IAPMO International Association of Plumbing
and Mechanical Officials
UPC Uniform Plumbing Code published by
IAPMO
AWWA American Water Works Association
CSA Canadian Standards Association

Applicable Standards.
ASME B16.4 Gray Iron Threaded Fittings Classes
125 and 250
ASTM D1785 Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic
Pipe, Schedules 40, 80, and 120
ASTM D2241 Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pres-
sure-Rated Pipe (SDR Series)
ASTM D2466 Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic
Pipe Fittings, Schedule 40
ASTM D2467 Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic
Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80
ASTM F1970 Special Engineered Fittings, Appurte-
nances or Valves for use in Poly
(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) or Chlori-
nated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC)
Systems
AWWA C110 Ductile Iron and Gray-Iron Fittings
AWWA C111 Rubber-Gasket Joints for Ductile-Iron
Pressure Pipe and Fittings

458 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

The information contained in this appendix is not part of this American National Stan-
dard (ANS) and has not been processed in accordance with ANSI's requirements for
an ANS. As such, this appendix may contain material that has not been subjected to
public review or a consensus process. In addition, it does not contain requirements
necessary for conformance to the standard.

The following Sections B414-18, B417-18, B421C-18, B422C-18, SR614-18, TR418-

18, TR420-18, are excerpted in their entirety from the 2018 Handbook for the Instal-
lation of Ceramic, Glass, and Stone Tile Installations, with permission from the Tile
Council of North America, Inc.

In addition to these, the TCNA Handbook, includes 200+ methods for tile and stone
installation based on various installation requirements and application types, as well
as product selection guides, field and installation requirements, and guidelines for
wet areas. For a complete copy, visit www.TCNAtile.com.

TCNA HANDBOOK-2018
FOR CERAMIC, GLASS, AND STONE TILE INSTALLATION
The provisions contained in this appendix are not mandatory unless specifically adopted by a state agency, or referenced in the
adopting ordinance.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 459

TCNA HANDBOOK

NOTICE OF DISCLAIMER AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITY

This publication is provided as a guide, not a product, and all of the information it
contains is provided ‘as is’ without warranty of any kind, whether express or implied.
All implied warranties, including, without limitation, implied warranties of mer-
chantability, fitness for a particular purpose, and non-infringement, are hereby
expressly disclaimed.

Publisher has not performed any independent analysis in connection with any of
the information contained herein, and expressly disclaims any obligation to obtain
and include information other than that presented herein resulting from the hand-
book committee consensus process. This information does not purport to address
safety issues or applicable regulatory requirements associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this information to review any applicable codes and
other regulations and any site specific conditions in connection with the use of this
information. Publisher expressly makes no representations or warranties regarding
use of this information and compliance with any applicable statute, rule or regula-
tion.

The reader is expressly warned to consider and adopt all safety precautions appro-
priate for the activities herein and to avoid all potential hazards. Such precautions
are generally not listed herein and are outside the scope of this document.

Under no circumstances will publisher be liable to any person or business entity for
any damages, including without limitation any and all direct, indirect, special, inci-
dental, consequential, or exemplary damages, resulting, in whole or in part, from
any use of, reference to, or reliance upon this publication, even if advised of the
possibility of such damages. The foregoing limitation of liability is a fundamental
element of the use of this information and the information would not be offered by
the publisher without such limitation.

460 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

SHOWER RECEPTORS TCNA HANDBOOK

• For installations that may be exposed to mild chemical

attack, specify epoxy grout and tile suitable for exposure.
For greater resistance to chemical exposure, also specify an
epoxy bonding material. Consult product manufacturers;
see also “Product Selection Guides.”
Limitations
• Maximum mortar bed thickness (walls)—1" for metal studs,
11⁄2" for wood studs.
• Maximum stud spacing 16" on center.
Membrane Options
• A waterproof membrane (A118.10) or vapor retarder mem-
brane (A108.02-3.8) must be specified for walls to prevent
moisture intrusion and protect adjacent building materials.
Specifier shall indicate if complete waterproofing of walls
is required, including treatment at termination points.
• If a waterproof membrane is applied over the mortar bed
walls, membrane over framing members may not be
required.
• Check with membrane manufacturer for suitability for
applicable conditions, as not all membranes are suitable for
steam, high-temperature and/or chemical exposure, or exte-
rior use.
• When glass tile is used, consult glass tile manufacturer for
membrane options and recommendations.
Requirements
• Wood studs—dry and well-braced, minimum depth 31⁄2".
• Metal studs—well-braced; 20 gauge (0.033") or heavier;
minimum depth 31⁄2" for residential applications or 35⁄8" for
commercial applications.
• Mortar bed thickness—3⁄4" minimum to 1" maximum (metal
studs) or 11⁄2" maximum (wood studs)
• Membrane behind mortar bed, when used, must lap over
shower pan membrane.
• Slope shower pan membrane 1⁄4" per foot to weep holes in
drain.
• Turn shower pan membrane up walls a minimum of 3"
above shower curb (6" above floor in showers without
curbs).
• Surround drain with pea gravel or other weep protection to
prevent mortar from blocking weep holes.
Materials
Recommended Uses • Multiple options exist for membranes, mortars, grouts,
and other materials and must be clearly specified to be
• For showers that do not have prefabricated receptors.
included. If not specifically indicated, optional materials
• For areas where wall flatness is critical, such as when tiles are not included and mortar/grout choice defaults to
with any edge longer than 15" are specified. minimum performance specification indicated. Con-
Environmental Exposure Classifications sider each system component and intended use to deter-
• Res1, 2, 3, 5; Com1, 2, 3, 5. mine minimum requirements and to specify options.
• For Res4 and Com4, see SR614. • Ceramic tile—ANSI A137.1.
• For installations that may be exposed to staining, specify • Glass tile, when used—ANSI A137.2; see also “Glass Tile
Selection and Installation Guide,” and consult tile manu-
tile and grout suitable for exposure. Consult product man-
facturer for environmental exposure classification recom-
ufacturers; see also “Product Selection Guides.”
mendations. Not all glass tiles are suitable.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 461

TCNA HANDBOOK SHOWER RECEPTORS

• Cementitious grout—ANSI A118.6 or better or ISO CG1 Installation Specifications

or better. When glass tile is used, specify grout designated • Shower pan membrane—ANSI A108.01-3.6.
by tile and grout manufacturers.
• Tile—ANSI A108.1A, .1B, or .1C. A108.1B required if
• Epoxy grout, when used—ANSI A118.3 or ISO RG. waterproof membrane or epoxy bond coat to be used.
• Cementitious bond coat—portland cement paste on a mor- • Glass tile—ANSI A108.14, .15, .16, or manufacturer’s
tar bed that is still workable. For a cured mortar bed, follow directions.
recommendations below to select appropriate bonding mor-
tar: • Cementitious grout—ANSI A108.10.
• When a waterproof membrane is not used—ANSI A118.1 • Epoxy mortar/grout—ANSI A108.6.
or better or ISO C1 or better. • Waterproof membrane—ANSI A108.13.
• When a waterproof membrane is used—ANSI A118.4 or • Movement Joints—EJ171 and ASTM C1193.
better or ISO C2S1 or better unless ANSI A118.1 or ISO Notes
C1 is recommended by membrane manufacturer.
• Test shower pan membrane and drainage fitting for leaks
• When porcelain tile is used—ANSI A118.4 or better or before commencing tilework.
ISO C2 or better.
• Materials adversely affected by moisture in areas immedi-
• When glass tile is used, specify mortar designated by tile ately adjacent to showers, tubs, and roman tubs should be
and mortar manufacturers. Bond coat color will impact properly protected.
the final appearance of translucent glass tile. Specifier
• A sloped portland cement mortar fill or approved preformed
shall confirm bond coat color is acceptable.
slope may be used under shower pan membrane when sub-
• Epoxy bond coat, when used—ANSI A118.3 or ISO R1 or floor is not sloped to drain.
better.
• All horizontal surfaces, for example shower seats, sills,
• When glass tile is used, specify epoxy bond coat desig- curbs, etc., must slope towards drain or other surface sloped
nated by tile and bond coat manufacturers. Bond coat toward drain. Where present, waterproofing also must be
color will impact the final appearance of translucent glass sloped.
tile. Specifier shall confirm bond coat color is acceptable.
• When glass tile is used, see “Glass Tile Selection and Instal-
• Vapor retarder membrane, when used—ANSI A108.02-3.8. lation Guide, ” and consult manufacturer for recommenda-
• Waterproof membrane, when used—ANSI A118.10. tions and requirements.
• Mortar bed, metal lath, and cleavage membrane—ANSI • For curbless shower receptor, see B421C and B422C.
A108.1A.
• Flexible mildew-resistant sealant—ASTM C920.
For the following standards listed, refer to the 2018 TCNA
• Shower pan membrane—local building code. Handbook for Ceramic, Glass, and Stone Tile Installation.
• Metal studs—ASTM C645. a. B441-18 Wood or Metal Studs • Backer Board •
Materials for Green/Sustainable Design Mortar Bed Walls (One Coat Method) • Mortar Bed
• See “Green Building Standards and Green Product Selec- Floor • Ceramic Tile
tion Guide” and consult manufacturers and suppliers for b. B415-18 Wood or Metal Studs • Cement Backer
product sustainability and contribution to green building Board or Fiber-Cement Backer Board Walls • Mor-
design. tar Bed Floor • Ceramic Tile, Glass Tile
• Consider specifying tile and installation materials that meet c. B420-18 Wood or Metal Studs • Coated Glass Mat
ANSI A138.1, the American National Standard Specifica- Water-Resistant Gypsum Backer Board Walls •
tions for Sustainable Ceramic Tiles, Glass Tiles, and Tile Mortar Bed Floor • Ceramic Tile, Glass Tile
Installation Materials.
d. B426-18 Wood or Metal Studs • Cementitious-
Preparation by Other Trades Coated Extruded Foam Backer Board Walls • Mor-
• Wall framing shall meet the general framing requirements tar Bed Floor • Ceramic Tile, Glass Tile
of ANSI A108.11-4.0–4.3. e. B431-18 Wood or Metal Studs • Fiber-Reinforced
• Apply blocking between the studs to support the shower Water-Resistant Gypsum Backer Board Walls •
pan membrane. Mortar Bed Floor • Ceramic Tile, Glass Tile
Movement Joint (architect must specify type of joint f. B421-18 Solid Backing • Bonded Waterproof Mem-
and show location and details on drawings) brane • Ceramic Tile, Glass Tile
• Movement joints—mandatory according to EJ171. g. B422-18 Solid Backing • Bonded Waterproof Mem-
• When glass tile is used, adhere to more frequent placement brane • Integrated Bonding Flange • Ceramic Tile,
recommendations within the ranges listed in EJ171. Glass Tile

462 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

TILE TUBS AND FOUNTAINS TCNA HANDBOOK

Requirements
• Waterproof membrane—slope membrane 1⁄4" per foot to
weep holes in drain.
• Wood framing, when used, should be pressure treated and
designed to resist deflection and movement.
Preparation by Other Trades
• Test tank, membrane, and drainage fittings for leaks before
starting tilework.
Materials for Green/Sustainable Design
• See “Green Building Standards and Green Product Selec-
tion Guide” and consult manufacturers and suppliers for
product sustainability and contribution to green building
design.
• Consider specifying tile and installation materials that meet
ANSI A138.1, the American National Standard Specifica-
tions for Sustainable Ceramic Tiles, Glass Tiles, and Tile
Installation Materials.
Installation Methods
• Attach metal lath only above water line.
• Floor—follow F121.
• Walls—follow W221.
Installation Specifications
• Tile—ANSI A108.1A.
• Grout—ANSI A108.10.
• Movement Joints—EJ171 and ASTM C1193.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 463

TCNA HANDBOOK CURBLESS SHOWER RECEPTORS

Recommended Uses • Bonded waterproof membrane must be continuous, includ-

• For construction of a shower without a curb. ing at changes in plane. Follow membrane manufacturer’s
requirements for corners, seaming, and overlap.
Environmental Exposure Classifications
• Waterproof membrane inside shower area must extend to
• Res1, 2, 3; Com1, 2 full height of tile assembly. Also, the floor and wall water-
• May be suitable for Com3, Res5, and Com5 as determined proofing must continue outside the immediate shower area
by membrane and backing material manufacturers. one foot beyond the high point of the floor, but not beyond
the tiled area. Additional waterproofing of floor and/or
• For Res4 and Com4, see SR613 and SR614. walls outside the shower area may be needed to effectively
• For installations that may be exposed to staining, specify contain and evacuate shower water and splash water and to
tile and grout suitable for exposure. Consult product man- protect building materials. When additional waterproofing
ufacturers; see also “Product Selection Guides. ” of floor and/or walls outside the shower area is desired or
• For installations that may be exposed to mild chemical required, the building design professional must specify all
areas to be waterproofed and indicate membrane termina-
attack, specify epoxy grout and tile suitable for exposure.
tion points.
Consult product manufacturers; see also “Product Selection
Guides. ” • A secondary drain may be required outside the immediate
shower area to facilitate evacuation of shower water and
Limitations splash water that is not contained in the shower area due to
• Facilitates construction of a curbless shower without adding curbless design. When required or desired, building design
floor height at restroom entryway, but does not inherently professional must specify type and location of secondary
comply with Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Stan- drain.
dards for Accessible Design. Follow ADA where ADA • High point of the floor must be outside the shower area, i.e.,
compliance is required or desired. beyond shower door or curtain, to facilitate evacuation of
shower water and splash water that is not contained in the
• Refer to appropriate wall method for applicable limitations
shower area due to curbless design. Location of the high
based on type of backing used—W201, W202E, W202I, point of the floor is especially critical when secondary drain
W211, W221, W222, W231/W241, W243, W244C, is not included outside the shower area.
W244E, W244F, W245, W246, and W247.
• Surround drain with pea gravel or other weep protection to
Requirements prevent mortar from blocking weep holes.
• When glass tile is used, consult glass tile manufacturer for • Refer to appropriate wall method for applicable require-
tile suitability over non-absorptive surface. ments based on type of backing used.

464 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

CURBLESS SHOWER RECEPTORS TCNA HANDBOOK

• Slope mortar bed 1⁄4" per foot toward drain and follow mem- the surface. For tiles with at least one edge 15" in length,
brane manufacturer’s instructions for connecting membrane maximum allowable variation is 1⁄8" in 10' from the required
to drain. plane, with no more than 1⁄16" variation in 24" when meas-
Materials ured from the high points in the surface.
• Multiple options exist for membranes, mortars, grouts, • Center backer board end or edge joints on framing and stag-
and other materials and must be clearly specified to be ger joints in adjacent rows so four corners do not come
included. If not specifically indicated, optional materials together within the same plane. Space panel ends and edges
are not included and mortar/grout choice defaults to in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations.
minimum performance specification indicated. Con- Movement Joint (architect must specify type of joint
sider each system component and intended use to deter- and show location and details on drawings)
mine minimum requirements and to specify options. • Movement joints—mandatory according to EJ171.
• Ceramic tile—ANSI A137.1. • When glass tile is used, adhere to more frequent placement
• Glass tile, when used—ANSI A137.2; see also “Glass Tile recommendations within the ranges listed in EJ171.
Selection and Installation Guide,” and consult tile manu- Installation Specifications
facturer for environmental exposure classification recom-
• Waterproof membrane—ANSI A108.13.
mendations. Not all glass tiles are suitable.
• Tile—ANSI A108.5.
• Cementitious grout—ANSI A118.6 or better or ISO CG1
or better. When glass tile is used, specify grout designated • Glass tile—manufacturer’s directions.
by tile and grout manufacturers. • Cementitious grout—ANSI A108.10.
• Epoxy grout, when used—ANSI A118.3 or ISO RG. • Epoxy grout—ANSI A108.6.
• Cementitious bond coat: • Movement Joints—EJ171 and ASTM C1193.
• ANSI A118.4 or better or ISO C2S1 or better unless Notes
ANSI A118.1 or ISO C1 is recommended by membrane • Test shower pan membrane/waterproof membrane and
manufacturer. drainage fitting for leaks before commencing tilework.
• When glass tile is used, specify mortar designated by tile • Materials adversely affected by moisture in areas immedi-
and mortar manufacturers. Bond coat color will impact ately adjacent to showers, tubs, and roman tubs should be
the final appearance of translucent glass tile. Specifier properly protected.
shall confirm bond coat color is acceptable.
• All horizontal surfaces, for example shower seats, sills,
• Waterproof membrane—ANSI A118.10 and recommended curbs, etc., must slope towards drain or other surface sloped
by manufacturer of membrane for use over backing type in toward drain. Where present, waterproofing also must be
intended application. sloped.
• Flexible mildew-resistant sealant—ASTM C920. • When glass tile is used, see “Glass Tile Selection and Instal-
Materials for Green/Sustainable Design lation Guide, ” and consult manufacturer for recommenda-
• See “Green Building Standards and Green Product Selec- tions and requirements.
tion Guide” and consult manufacturers and suppliers for • Follow applicable plumbing and building codes.
product sustainability and contribution to green building
design.
• Consider specifying tile and installation materials that meet
ANSI A138.1, the American National Standard Specifica-
tions for Sustainable Ceramic Tiles, Glass Tiles, and Tile
Installation Materials.
Preparation by Other Trades/Backer Board Installers
• Depressed slab by others. Depressed area must extend
beyond shower area to facilitate a finished floor installation
that effectively evacuates shower water and splash water,
which are often difficult to contain within a curbless
shower.
• Refer to appropriate wall method for applicable prepara-
tions by other trades and backer board installers.
• Maximum allowable variation in the tile substrate—for tiles
with all edges shorter than 15", maximum allowable varia-
tion is 1⁄4" in 10' from the required plane, with no more than
1
⁄16" variation in 12" when measured from the high points in

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 465

TCNA HANDBOOK CURBLESS SHOWER RECEPTORS

Recommended Uses Requirements

• For construction of a shower without a curb. • When glass tile is used, consult glass tile manufacturer for
Environmental Exposure Classifications tile suitability over non-absorptive surface.
• Res1, 2, 3; Com1, 2 • Bonded waterproof membrane must be continuous, includ-
ing at changes in plane. Follow membrane manufacturer’s
• May be suitable for Com3, Res5, and Com5 as determined requirements for corners, seaming, and overlap.
by membrane and backing material manufacturers.
• Waterproof membrane inside shower area must extend to
• For Res4 and Com4, see SR613 and SR614. full height of tile assembly. Also, the floor and wall water-
• For installations that may be exposed to staining, specify proofing must continue outside the immediate shower area
tile and grout suitable for exposure. Consult product man- one foot beyond the high point of the floor, but not beyond
ufacturers; see also “Product Selection Guides. ” the tiled area. Additional waterproofing of floor and/or
• For installations that may be exposed to mild chemical walls outside the shower area may be needed to effectively
attack, specify epoxy grout and tile suitable for exposure. contain and evacuate shower water and splash water and to
Consult product manufacturers; see also “Product Selection protect building materials. When additional waterproofing
Guides.” of floor and/or walls outside the shower area is desired or
required, the building design professional must specify all
Limitations areas to be waterproofed and indicate membrane termina-
• Facilitates construction of a curbless shower without adding tion points.
floor height at restroom entryway, but does not inherently • A secondary drain may be required outside the immediate
comply with Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Stan- shower area to facilitate evacuation of shower water and
dards for Accessible Design. Follow ADA where ADA splash water that is not contained in the shower area due to
compliance is required or desired. curbless design. When required or desired, building design
• Refer to appropriate wall method for applicable limitations professional must specify type and location of secondary
based on type of backing used—W201, W202E, W202I, drain.
W211, W221, W222, W231/W241, W243, W244C, • High point of the floor must be outside the shower area, i.e.,
W244E, W244F, W245, W246, and W247. beyond shower door or curtain, to facilitate evacuation of

466 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

CURBLESS SHOWER RECEPTORS TCNA HANDBOOK

shower water and splash water that is not contained in the • Refer to appropriate wall method for applicable prepara-
shower area due to curbless design. Location of the high tions by other trades and backer board installers.
point of the floor is especially critical when secondary drain • Maximum allowable variation in the tile substrate—for tiles
is not included outside the shower area. with all edges shorter than 15", maximum allowable varia-
• Refer to appropriate wall method for applicable require- tion is 1⁄4" in 10' from the required plane, with no more than
ments based on type of backing used. 1
⁄16" variation in 12" when measured from the high points in
• Slope mortar bed 1⁄4" per foot toward drain and follow mem- the surface. For tiles with at least one edge 15" in length,
brane and integrated bonding flange manufacturer’s instruc- maximum allowable variation is 1⁄8" in 10' from the required
tions for connecting membrane to integrated bonding plane, with no more than 1⁄16" variation in 24" when meas-
flange. ured from the high points in the surface.
Materials • Center backer board end or edge joints on framing and stag-
• Multiple options exist for membranes, mortars, grouts, ger joints in adjacent rows so four corners do not come
and other materials and must be clearly specified to be together within the same plane. Space panel ends and edges
included. If not specifically indicated, optional materials in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations.
are not included and mortar/grout choice defaults to Movement Joint (architect must specify type of joint
minimum performance specification indicated. Con- and show location and details on drawings)
sider each system component and intended use to deter- • Movement joints—mandatory according to EJ171.
mine minimum requirements and to specify options.
• When glass tile is used, adhere to more frequent placement
• Ceramic tile—ANSI A137.1. recommendations within the ranges listed in EJ171.
• Glass tile, when used—ANSI A137.2; see also “Glass Tile Installation Specifications
Selection and Installation Guide,” and consult tile manu-
• Waterproof membrane—ANSI A108.13.
facturer for environmental exposure classification recom-
mendations. Not all glass tiles are suitable. • Tile—ANSI A108.5.
• Cementitious grout—ANSI A118.6 or better or ISO CG1 • Glass tile—manufacturer’s directions.
or better. When glass tile is used, specify grout designated • Cementitious grout—ANSI A108.10.
by tile and grout manufacturers. • Epoxy grout—ANSI A108.6.
• Epoxy grout, when used—ANSI A118.3 or ISO RG. • Movement Joints—EJ171 and ASTM C1193.
• Cementitious bond coat: Notes
• ANSI A118.4 or better or ISO C2S1 or better unless • Test shower pan membrane/waterproof membrane and
ANSI A118.1 or ISO C1 is recommended by membrane
drainage fitting for leaks before commencing tilework.
manufacturer.
• Materials adversely affected by moisture in areas immedi-
• When glass tile is used, specify mortar designated by tile
ately adjacent to showers, tubs, and roman tubs should be
and mortar manufacturers. Bond coat color will impact
properly protected.
the final appearance of translucent glass tile. Specifier
shall confirm bond coat color is acceptable. • All horizontal surfaces, for example shower seats, sills,
curbs, etc., must slope towards drain or other surface sloped
• Waterproof membrane—ANSI A118.10 and recommended
toward drain. Where present, waterproofing also must be
by manufacturer of membrane for use over backing type in
intended application. sloped.
• Flexible mildew-resistant sealant—ASTM C920. • When glass tile is used, see “Glass Tile Selection and Instal-
lation Guide, ” and consult manufacturer for recommenda-
Materials for Green/Sustainable Design tions and requirements.
• See “Green Building Standards and Green Product Selec- • Follow applicable plumbing and building codes.
tion Guide” and consult manufacturers and suppliers for
product sustainability and contribution to green building
design.
• Consider specifying tile and installation materials that meet
ANSI A138.1, the American National Standard Specifica-
tions for Sustainable Ceramic Tiles, Glass Tiles, and Tile
Installation Materials.
Preparation by Other Trades/Backer Board Installers
• Depressed slab by others. Depressed area must extend
beyond shower area to facilitate a finished floor installation
that effectively evacuates shower water and splash water,
which are often difficult to contain within a curbless
shower.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 467

TCNA HANDBOOK COMMON SHOWER CONFIGURATIONS

468 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

COMMON SHOWER CONFIGURATIONS TCNA HANDBOOK

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 469

TCNA HANDBOOK STEAM SHOWER/ROOM; WOOD/METAL STUDS

• For installations that may be exposed to staining, specify

tile and grout suitable for exposure. Consult product man-
ufacturers; see also Notes and “Product Selection Guides.”
Limitations
• Duration of use as a steam shower or steam room as deter-
mined by membrane and cement backer board (when used)
manufacturers; lower membrane water vapor permeance
decreases water vapor transmission.
• Maximum stud spacing 16" on center.
Requirements
• Steam rooms are highly specialized applications. Design
and installation are critical to avoid damage to adjoining
materials from vapor migration. Design criteria must
include consideration of necessary insulation and tempera-
ture and humidity differential.
• Use a tile contractor knowledgeable in steam applications
and experienced with the materials specified.
• Bonded waterproof membrane (sheet, liquid, and trowel-
on) must be continuous and must adequately limit vapor
transmission into adjacent spaces and building materials,
according to intended duration of use as a steam shower.
• Steam showers designed for continuous use applications
should specify a low perm waterproof membrane (a water-
proof membrane meeting ANSI A118.10 and with a water
vapor permeance rating of 0.5 perms or less when tested per
ASTM E96 Procedure E, tested at 90% relative humidity).
When a waterproof membrane with a water vapor perme-
ance rating greater than 0.5 perms is specified, a vapor
retarder behind the wall assembly is required, and vapor
retarder must have a water vapor permeance rating of 0.1
perm or less when tested per ASTM E96 Procedure A,
tested at 50% relative humidity. Consult waterproof mem-
brane manufacturer for water vapor permeance rating and
vapor retarder requirements.
• Specifier shall indicate how waterproofing and vapor
retarding is to be achieved, including details for membrane
penetrations such as penetrations for plumbing, lighting fix-
tures, fasteners, etc. Specifier shall also indicate where and
how to waterproof curbs and jambs and where membrane
terminates. Area outside steam shower door is a wet area
and should be treated accordingly.
• Check with membrane manufacturer for suitability for
applicable conditions, as not all membranes are suitable for
steam, high temperature and/or chemical exposure.
• Some waterproof membrane manufacturers require use of a
vapor retarder membrane in addition to the waterproof
membrane. Consult membrane manufacturer for require-
ments. When used, vapor retarder membrane must weather
lap itself and lap into the shower pan membrane.
• If vapor retarder membrane is required, integrated bonding
flange cannot be used.
Recommended Uses • Follow waterproof membrane manufacturers’ directions for
• For steam showers and steam rooms framed with wood or interface between drain and membrane(s).
metal studs. Specify mortar bed walls option when wall flat- • Design professional to specify adequate insulation on walls
ness is critical, such as when tiles with any edge longer than and ceilings to reduce condensation. Consult insulation
15" are specified. manufacturer for application suitability.
Environmental Exposure Classifications • Seal all membrane penetrations with appropriate sealant
• Res4. according to membrane manufacturer’s requirements.

470 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

STEAM SHOWER/ROOM; WOOD/METAL STUDS TCNA HANDBOOK

• Specify slip joints at change in plane, such as where walls • Cement backer board, when used—ANSI A118.9 or ASTM
and ceiling meet. C1325 (Type A).
• Slope ceiling minimum 2" per foot to avoid condensate • Fasteners—noncorrosive and nonoxidizing.
dripping onto occupants; sloping ceiling from center can • Hot dipped fasteners meeting ASTM F2329-05 required in
minimize rundown on walls. wet areas.
• When mortar bed walls, studs must provide firm anchorage • 2" alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh tape.
for metal lath.
• When mortar bed walls, mortar bed wall thickness—3⁄4" • Waterproof membrane—ANSI A118.10 and recommended
minimum to 11⁄2" maximum. by membrane manufacturer for use in specific application.
For continuous use applications, see Requirements for water
• When mortar bed walls, cut lath at all slip joints.
vapor permeance.
• Slope shower pan membrane minimum 1⁄4" per foot to weep
holes in drain. • Vapor retarder membrane, when used—recommended by
manufacturer for use in specific application.
• Turn shower pan membrane up walls a minimum of 3" above
shower curb (6" above floor in showers without curbs). • Metal studs, when used—ASTM C645.
• Surround drain with pea gravel or other weep protection to • Shower pan membrane—ANSI A118.10, ASTM D4068, or
prevent mortar from blocking weep holes. (Does not apply D4551 and meeting applicable building code.
if integrated bonding flange is used.) • Mortar bed and reinforcing—ANSI A108.1A.
• Wood studs, when used—dry and well braced, minimum • Flexible mildew-resistant sealant—ASTM C920 and rec-
depth 31⁄2". ommended by manufacturer for use in steam showers.
• Metals studs, when used—well-braced; 20 gauge (0.033") Materials for Green/Sustainable Design
or heavier; minimum depth 31⁄2" for residential applications
• See “Green Building Standards and Green Product Selection
or 35⁄8" for commercial applications.
Guide” and consult manufacturers and suppliers for product
Preparation by Backer Board Installers sustainability and contribution to green building design.
• Maximum allowable variation in the tile substrate—for tiles
• Consider specifying tile and installation materials that meet
with all edges shorter than 15", maximum allowable varia-
ANSI A138.1, the American National Standard Specifica-
tion is 1⁄4" in 10' from the required plane, with no more than
tions for Sustainable Ceramic Tiles, Glass Tiles, and Tile
1
⁄16" variation in 12" when measured from the high points in
Installation Materials.
the surface. For tiles with at least one edge 15" in length,
maximum allowable variation is 1⁄4" in 10' from the required Preparation by Other Trades
plane, with no more than 1⁄16" variation in 24" when meas- • Wall framing shall meet the general framing requirements
ured from the high points in the surface. of ANSI A108.11-4.0-4.3.
• Horizontal joints—1⁄8" spacing filled solid and taped with Movement Joint (architect must show type of joint
latex-portland cement mortar and 2" alkali-resistant glass and show location and details on drawings)
fiber mesh tape. • Movement joints—mandatory according to EJ171.
• Vertical joints—fill any space and tape with latex-portland • Slip joints at changes in plane, such as where walls and ceil-
cement mortar and 2" alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh tape. ing meet.
• Corners—leave space between backer units. Tape joints using
Installation Specifications
skim coat of latex-portland cement mortar, but do not fill.
• Center backer board end or edge joints on framing and stag- • Shower pan membrane—ANSI A108.01-3.6.
ger joints in adjacent rows so four corners do not come • Mortar bed and reinforcing—ANSI A108.1A, .1B, and .1C.
together within the same plane. Space panel ends and edges • Tile—ANSI A108.5.
in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations. • Cementitious grout—A108.10.
Materials • Epoxy grout—A108.6.
• Multiple options exist for membranes, mortars, grouts, • Waterproof membrane and slip joint—ANSI A108.13 and
and other materials and must be clearly specified to be membrane manufacturer’s slip joint directions.
included. If not specifically indicated, optional materials
are not included and mortar/grout choice defaults to • Movement Joints—EJ171 and ASTM C1193.
minimum performance specification indicated. Con- Notes
sider each system component and intended use to deter- • Use of softened water in steam showers and steam rooms
mine minimum requirements and to specify options. helps reduce grout and tile staining due to iron and/or hard
• Ceramic tile—ANSI A137.1 and recommended by manu- water. Such stains may require harsh chemicals for removal.
facturer for use in steam showers. Select products suitable for water type and maintenance
• Cementitious grout—ANSI A118.6 or better or ISO CG1 practices that will be used.
or better. • Standard grouts will need to be periodically maintained
• Epoxy grout, when used—ANSI A118.3 or ISO RG. over the life of the steam shower.
• Cementitious bond coat: • Steam unit design must take into consideration the affect of
• ANSI A118.15 or better or ISO C2S1 or better, unless Moisture Vapor Transmission (MVT) on opposite side of
ANSI A118.1 or ISO C1 is recommended by membrane steam unit walls. MVT can cause efflorescence and can
manufacturer. affect paints and other adhered finishes.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 471

TCNA HANDBOOK SHOWER RECEPTOR RENOVATION

Recommended Uses
• For use where old shower pan has failed.
Requirements
• Remove existing shower receptor, shower pan, and wall tile,
as required, to install new shower pan.
• Replace any damaged wall and floor substrate materials.
• New shower pan—slope 1⁄4" per foot to weep holes in drain.
• New shower pan to turn up wall a minimum of 3" above
curb (6" above floor in showers without curbs).
• New wall membrane/flashing (ANSI A108.02-3.8) placed
behind existing wall membrane, out over new shower pan,
and fastened to studs.
• Place continuous bead of sealant on existing wall mortar
with new wall mortar brought up tight against it.
Materials for Green/Sustainable Design
• See “Green Building Standards and Green Product Selec-
tion Guide” and consult manufacturers and suppliers for
product sustainability and contribution to green building
design.
• Consider specifying tile and installation materials that meet
ANSI A138.1, the American National Standard Specifica-
tions for Sustainable Ceramic Tiles, Glass Tiles, and Tile
Installation Materials.
Notes
• See B414 for complete specifications.

472 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

SHOWER RECEPTOR RENOVATION TCNA HANDBOOK

tions for Sustainable Ceramic Tiles, Glass Tiles, and Tile

Installation Materials
Notes
• See B415, B420, B426, or B431 for complete specifications
based on wall backing type.

Recommended Uses
• For use where old shower pan has failed.
Requirements
• Remove existing shower receptor, shower pan, and wall tile,
as required, to install new shower pan.
• Replace any damaged wall and floor substrate materials.
• New shower pan—slope 1⁄4" per foot to weep holes in drain.
• New shower pan to turn up wall a minimum of 3" above
curb (6" above floor in showers without curbs).
• New wall membrane/flashing (ANSI A108.02-3.8) placed
behind existing wall membrane, out over new shower pan,
and fastened to studs.
• Place continuous bead of sealant on existing wall substrate
material with new wall substrate material brought up tight
against it.
Materials for Green/Sustainable Design
• See “Green Building Standards and Green Product Selec-
tion Guide” and consult manufacturers and suppliers for
product sustainability and contribution to green building
design.
• Consider specifying tile and installation materials that meet
ANSI A138.1, the American National Standard Specifica-

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 473

474 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
APPENDIX J - COMBINATION OF INDOOR AND OUTDOOR COMBUSTION AND VENTILATION OPENING DESIGN
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter X

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
that are listed below
Chapter/Section

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 475

476 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
APPENDIX J
COMBINATION OF INDOOR AND OUTDOOR COMBUSTION AND
VENTILATION OPENING DESIGN
(The content of this Appendix is based on Annex I of NFPA 54)
The provisions contained in this appendix are not mandatory unless specifically adopted by a state agency, or referenced in the
adopting ordinance.

J 101.0 General. Therefore, additional combustion air shall be provided from

J 101.1 Applicability. This appendix provides general the outdoors.
guidelines for the sizing of combination indoor and outdoor (3) Determine ratio of the available volume to the required
combustion and ventilation air openings. volume:
J 101.2 Example of Combination Indoor and Outdoor
Combustion Air Opening. Determine the required com- 3600 cubic feet
= 0.51
bination of indoor and outdoor combustion air opening sizes 7000 cubic feet
for the following appliance installation example.

(4) Determine the reduction factor to be used to reduce the

Example Installation: A fan-assisted furnace and a draft- full outdoor air opening size to the minimum required
hood-equipped water heater with the following inputs are based on the ratio of indoor spaces:
located in a 15 foot by 30 foot (4572 mm by 9144 mm) base-
ment with an 8 foot (2438 mm) ceiling. No additional indoor
spaces can be used to help meet the appliance combustion air 1.00 – 0.51 (from Step 3) = 0.49
needs.
(5) Determine the single outdoor combustion air opening
Fan-Assisted Furnace Input: 100 000 British thermal units size as though all combustion air is to come from out-
per hour (Btu/h) (29 kW) doors. In this example, the combustion air opening
directly communicates with the outdoors:
Draft Hood-Equipped Water Heater Input: 40 000 Btu/h (11.7
kW)
140 000 Btu/h
= 47 square inches (0.03 m2)
Solution: 3000 British thermal units
(1) Determine the total available room volume. Appliance per square inch (Btu/in2)
room volume:
15 feet by 30 feet (4572 mm by 9144 mm) with an 8 foot
(2438 mm) ceiling = 3600 cubic feet (101.94 m3) (6) Determine the minimum outdoor combustion air open-
ing area:
(2) Determine the total required volume. The standard Outdoor opening area = 0.49 (from Step 4) x 47 square
method to determine combustion air is used to calculate inches (0.03 m2) = 23 square inches (0.01 m2)
the required volume. The combined input for the appli-
ances located in the basement is calculated as follows: Section 506.5.3(3) requires the minimum dimension of
the air opening should not be less than 3 inches (76 mm).
100 000 Btu/h (29 kW) + 40 000 Btu/h (11.7 kW) =
140 000 Btu/h (41 kW)

The standard method requires that the required volume

be determined based on 50 cubic feet per 1000 Btu/h
(4.83 m3/kW). Using Table J 101.2, the required volume
for a 140 000 Btu/h (41 kW) water heater is 7000 cubic
feet (198.22 m3).

Conclusion: The indoor volume is insufficient to supply com-

bustion air since the total of 3600 cubic feet (101.94 m3) does
not meet the required volume of 7000 cubic feet (198.22 m3).

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 477

APPENDIX J

TABLE J 101.2
STANDARD METHOD: REQUIRED VOLUME, ALL APPLIANCES*
[NFPA 54: TABLE A.9.3.2.1]
APPLIANCE INPUT REQUIRED VOLUME
(Btu/h) (cubic feet)
5000 250
10 000 500
15 000 750
20 000 1000
25 000 1250
30 000 1500
35 000 1750
40 000 2000
45 000 2250
50 000 2500
55 000 2750
60 000 3000
65 000 3250
70 000 3500
75 000 3750
80 000 4000
85 000 4250
90 000 4500
95 000 4750
100 000 5000
105 000 5250
110 000 5500
115 000 5750
120 000 6000
125 000 6250
130 000 6500
135 000 6750
140 000 7000
145 000 7250
150 000 7500
160 000 8000
170 000 8500
180 000 9000
190 000 9500
200 000 10 000
210 000 10 500
220 000 11 000
230 000 11 500
240 000 12 000
250 000 12 500
260 000 13 000
270 000 13 500
280 000 14 000
290 000 14 500
300 000 15 000
For SI units: 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 cubic foot = 0.0283 m3

478 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
APPENDIX K - POTABLE RAINWATER CATCHMENT SYSTEMS
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
that are listed below
Chapter/Section

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 479

480 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
APPENDIX K
POTABLE RAINWATER CATCHMENT SYSTEMS
The provisions contained in this appendix are not mandatory unless specifically adopted by a state agency, or referenced in the
adopting ordinance.

K 101.0 General. K 101.5.2 Maintenance Log. A maintenance log for

K 101.1 Applicability. The provisions of this appendix shall potable rainwater catchment systems shall be maintained
apply to the installation, construction, alteration, and repair by the property owner and be available for inspection. The
of potable rainwater catchment systems. property owner or designated appointee shall ensure that
K 101.2 System Design. Potable rainwater catchment sys- a record of testing, inspection, and maintenance in accor-
tems in accordance with this appendix shall be designed by a dance with Table K 101.5.1 is maintained in the log. The
registered design professional or person deemed competent log will indicate the frequency of inspection, and mainte-
by the Authority Having Jurisdiction to perform potable rain- nance of each system. A record of the required water qual-
water catchment system design work. ity tests shall be retained for not less than 2 years.
K 101.3 Permit. It shall be unlawful for a person to con- K 101.5.3 Maintenance Responsibility. The
struct, install, or alter, or cause to be constructed, installed, required maintenance and inspection of potable rainwa-
or altered a potable rainwater catchment systems in a build- ter catchment systems shall be the responsibility of the
ing or on a premise without first obtaining a permit to do such property owner unless otherwise required by the Author-
work from the Authority Having Jurisdiction. ity Having Jurisdiction.
K 101.3.1 Plumbing Plan Submission. No permit K 101.6 Operation and Maintenance Manual. An oper-
for a rainwater catchment system requiring a permit shall ation and maintenance manual for potable rainwater catch-
be issued until complete plumbing plans, with data sat- ment systems shall be supplied to the building owner by the
isfactory to the Authority Having Jurisdiction, have been system designer. The operating and maintenance manual shall
submitted and approved. No changes or connections shall include the following:
be made to either the rainfall catchment or the potable (1) Detailed diagram of the entire system and the location of
water system within a site containing a rainwater catch- system components.
ment water system without approval by the Authority (2) Instructions for operating and maintaining the system.
Having Jurisdiction. (3) Details on maintaining the required water quality as
K 101.3.2 System Changes. No changes or connec- determined by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
tions shall be made to either the rainwater catchment sys- (4) Details on deactivating the system for maintenance,
tem or the potable water system within a site containing repair, or other purposes.
a rainwater catchment system requiring a permit without (5) Applicable testing, inspection, and maintenance fre-
approval by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. quencies in accordance with Table K 101.5.1.
K 101.4 Product and Material Approval. System com- (6) A method of contacting the manufacturer(s).
ponents shall be properly identified as to the manufacturer.
K 101.7 Minimum Water Quality Requirements. The
K 101.4.1 Plumbing Materials and Systems. Pipe, minimum water quality for potable rainwater catchment sys-
pipe fittings, traps, fixtures, material, and devices used in tems shall comply with the applicable water quality require-
a potable rainwater system shall be listed or labeled (third- ments as determined by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. In
party certified) by a listing agency (accredited conform- the absence of water quality requirements, the guidelines
ity assessment body) and shall be in accordance with EPA/625/R-04/108 contains recommended water reuse
approved applicable recognized standards referenced guidelines to assist regulatory agencies develop, revise, or
within this code, and shall be free from defects. Unless expand alternate water source water quality standards.
otherwise provided for in this appendix, materials, fix-
tures, or devices used or entering into the construction of K 101.8 Material Compatibility. In addition to the require-
plumbing systems, or parts thereof shall be submitted to ments of this appendix, potable rainwater catchment systems
the Authority Having Jurisdiction for approval. shall be constructed of materials that are compatible with the
type of pipe and fitting materials and water conditions in the
K 101.5 Maintenance and Inspection. Potable rainwater system.
catchment systems and components shall be inspected and
maintained in accordance with Section K 101.5.1 through K 101.9 System Controls. Controls for pumps, valves, and
Section K 101.5.3. other devices that contain mercury that come in contact with
the water supply shall not be permitted.
K 101.5.1 Frequency. Potable rainwater catchment
systems and components shall be inspected and main-
tained in accordance with Table K 101.5.1 unless more K 102.0 Connection.
frequent inspection and maintenance are required by the K 102.1 General. No water piping supplied by a potable rain-
manufacturer. water catchment system shall be connected to a source of sup-

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 481

APPENDIX K

TABLE K 101.5.1
MINIMUM POTABLE RAINWATER CATCHMENT SYSTEM TESTING, INSPECTION, AND MAINTENANCE FREQUENCY

DESCRIPTION MINIMUM FREQUENCY

Inspect and clean filters and screens, and replace (where necessary). Every 3 months
Inspect and verify that disinfection, filters and water quality treatment devices and
In accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions,
systems are operational. Perform water quality tests in accordance with the Author-
and the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
ity Having Jurisdiction.
Perform applicable water quality tests to verify compliance with Section K 104.3. Every 3 months
Perform a water quality test for E. Coli, Total Coliform, and Heterotrophic bacte-
After initial installation and every 12 months thereafter,
ria. For a system where 25 different people consume water from the system over a
or as directed by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
60 day period, a water quality test for cryptosporidium shall be performed.
Inspect and clear debris from rainwater gutters, downspouts, and roof washers. Every 6 months
Inspect and clear debris from the roof or other aboveground rainwater collection
Every 6 months
surface.
Remove tree branches and vegetation overhanging roof or other aboveground rain-
As needed
water collection surface.
Inspect pumps and verify operation. After initial installation and every 12 months thereafter
Inspect valves and verify operation. After initial installation and every 12 months thereafter
Inspect pressure tanks and verify operation. After initial installation and every 12 months thereafter
Clear debris and inspect storage tanks, locking devices, and verify operation. After initial installation and every 12 months thereafter
Inspect caution labels and marking. After initial installation and every 12 months thereafter

ply without the approval of the Authority Having Jurisdiction, K 103.4 Water Supply and Distribution Materials.
Health Department, or other department having jurisdiction. Potable rainwater supply and distribution materials shall com-
K 102.2 Connections to Public or Private Potable ply with the requirements of this code for potable water sup-
Water Systems. Potable rainwater catchment systems shall ply and distribution systems.
have no direct connection to a public or private potable water
supply or alternate water source system. Potable water from
a public or private potable water system is permitted to be K 104.0 Design and Installation.
used as makeup water to the rainwater storage tank provided K 104.1 Collection Surfaces. Rainwater shall be collected
the public, or private potable water supply connection is pro- from a roof or other cleanable aboveground surfaces specifi-
tected by an air gap or reduced-pressure principle backflow cally designed for rainwater catchment. A rainwater catch-
preventer in accordance with this code. ment system shall not collect rainwater from:
K 102.3 Backflow Prevention. The potable rainwater (1) Vehicular parking surfaces
catchment system shall be protected against backflow in
(2) Surface water runoff
accordance with this code.
(3) Bodies of standing water
K 103.0 Potable Rainfall Catchment System Materials. K 104.2 Prohibited Discharges. Overflows, condensate,
and bleed-off pipes from roof-mounted equipment and appli-
K 103.1 Collections Surfaces. The collection surface for
ances shall not discharge onto roof surfaces that are intended
potable applications shall be constructed of a hard, impervious
material and shall be approved for potable water use. Roof coat- to collect rainwater.
ings, paints, and liners shall comply with NSF Protocol P151. K 104.3 Minimum Water Quality. Upon initial system
K 103.1.1 Prohibited. Roof paints and coatings with startup, the quality of the water for the intended application
lead, chromium, or zinc shall not be permitted. Wood shall be verified at the point(s) of use as determined by the
roofing material and lead flashing shall not be permitted. Authority Having Jurisdiction in accordance with Section K
K 103.2 Rainwater Catchment System Drainage 104.3.1 and Section K 104.3.2. Water quality maintenance
Materials. Materials used in rainwater catchment drainage shall be in accordance with Section K 104.3.3.
systems, including gutters, downspouts, conductors, and lead- K 104.3.1 Private Potable Water System. In the
ers shall be in accordance with the requirements of this code absence of water quality requirements determined by the
for storm drainage. Authority Having Jurisdiction, the minimum water qual-
K 103.3 Storage Tanks. Rainwater storage shall comply ity for a private potable water system at the point of use
with Section K 105.0. shall comply with Table K 104.3.1.

482 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

APPENDIX K

» TABLE K 104.3.1
MINIMUM WATER QUALITY
K 104.4.3 Filtration and Disinfection Systems.
Filtration and disinfection systems shall be located after
«
the water storage tank. Where a chlorination system is
Escherichia coli (fecal coliform) Non-detectable installed, it shall be installed upstream of filtration sys-
Protozoan Cysts Non-detectable tems. Where an ultraviolet disinfection system is
installed, a filter not more than 5 microns (5 µm) shall be
Viruses Non-detectable installed upstream of the disinfection system.
Turbidity <0.3 NTU K 104.5 Overhanging Tree Branches and Vegetation.
Tree branches and vegetation shall not be located over the
«
roof or other aboveground rainwater collection surface.
K 104.3.2 Public Use Occupancies. The minimum Where existing tree branch and vegetation growth extends
water quality for a potable water system for public use over the rainwater collection surface, it shall be removed in
occupancies at the point of use and testing procedures accordance with Section K 101.5.
shall comply with the Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) Safe Drinking Water Act for a public water sys- K 105.0 Rainwater Storage Tanks.
tem.
K 105.1 General. Rainwater storage tanks shall be installed
K 104.3.3 Maintenance. Normal system maintenance in accordance with Section K 105.2 through Section K 105.10.
shall require system testing for Escherichia coli (fecal
K 105.2 Construction. Rainwater storage tanks shall be
coliform) and turbidity every 3 months in accordance
constructed of solid, durable materials not subject to exces-
with Table K 104.3.3. Upon failure of the fecal coliform
sive corrosion or decay and shall be watertight. Storage tanks
test, the system shall be re-commissioned involving
shall be approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction for
cleaning, and retesting in accordance with Section K
104.3. Testing for viruses and cysts shall occur once after potable water applications, provided such tanks are in accor-
3 months of initial operation and once every 12 months dance with approved applicable standards.
thereafter. K 105.3 Location. Rainwater storage tanks shall be per-
Exception: Upon failure of the virus or cyst test, the tests mitted to be installed above or below grade.
will be repeated every 3 months until the tests results are K 105.3.1 Above Grade. Above grade, storage tanks
negative for two consecutive tests. shall be of an opaque material, approved for aboveground
use in direct sunlight, or shall be shielded from direct sun-

» TABLE K 104.3.3
MINIMUM SYSTEM MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
light. Tanks shall be installed in an accessible location to
allow for inspection and cleaning. The tank shall be
installed on a foundation or platform that is constructed to
Escherichia coli (fecal coliform) Non-detectable accommodate loads in accordance with the building code.
K 105.3.2 Below Grade. Rainwater storage tanks
Turbidity <0.3 NTU installed below grade shall be structurally designed to
withstand anticipated earth or other loads. Holding tank
covers shall be capable of supporting an earth load of not
» KDevices
104.4 Water Quality Devices and Equipment.
and equipment used to treat rainwater to maintain
less than 300 pounds per square foot (lb/ft2) (1465 kg/m2)
where the tank is designed for underground installation.
the minimum water quality requirements determined by the Below grade rainwater tanks installed underground shall
Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be listed or labeled (third- be provided with manholes. The manhole opening shall
party certified) by a listing agency (accredited conformity be not less than 20 inches (508 mm) in diameter and
assessment body) and approved for the intended application. located not less than 4 inches (102 mm) above the sur-
» K 104.4.1 Filtration Devices. Potable water filters
shall comply with NSF 53 and shall be installed in accor-
rounding grade. The surrounding grade shall be sloped
away from the manhole. Underground tanks shall be bal-
dance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions. lasted, anchored, or otherwise secured, to prevent the
» K 104.4.2 Disinfection Devices. Chlorination,
ozone, ultraviolet, or other disinfection methods
tank from floating out of the ground where empty. The
combined weight of the tank and hold down system shall
approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction, or the meet or exceed the buoyancy force of the tank.
product is listed and certified according to a microbio- K 105.4 Drainage and Overflow. Rainwater storage tanks
logical reduction performance standard for drinking shall be provided with a means of draining and cleaning. The
water, shall be used to treat harvested rainwater to meet overflow drain shall not be equipped with a shutoff valve.
the required water quality permitted. The disinfection The overflow outlet shall discharge in accordance with this
devices and systems shall be installed in accordance with code for storm drainage systems. Where discharging to the
the manufacturer’s installation instructions and the con- storm drainage system, the overflow drain shall be protected
ditions of listing. Disinfection devices and systems shall from backflow of the storm drainage system by a backwater
be located downstream of the storage tank. valve or other approved method.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 483

APPENDIX K

K 105.4.1 Overflow Outlet Size. The overflow outlet

shall be sized to accommodate the flow of the rainwater
K 106.2.2 Debris Screen. The inlet to the roof washer
shall be provided with a debris screen or other approved
«
entering the tank and not less than the aggregate cross- means that protects the roof washer from the intrusion of
sectional area of the inflow pipes. debris and vermin. Where the debris screen is installed, the
K 105.5 Animals and Insects. Rainwater tank openings to debris screen shall be corrosion resistant and shall have
the atmosphere shall be protected to prevent the entrance of openings not larger than 1⁄2 of an inch (12.7 mm).
insects, birds, or rodents into the tank. K 106.2.3 Drain Discharge. Water drained from the
roof washer, or pre-filter shall be diverted away from the
«
K 105.6 Human Access. Rainwater tank access openings
exceeding 12 inches (305 mm) in diameter shall be secured to storage tank and discharged to a disposal area that does
prevent tampering and unintended entry by either a lockable not cause property damage or erosion. Roof washer
device or other approved method. drainage shall not drain over a public way.
K 105.7 Exposure to Sunlight. Rainwater tank openings K 106.2.4 Automatic Drain. Roof washing systems
shall be provided with an automatic means of self-drain-
«
shall not be exposed to direct sunlight.
ing between rain events.
K 105.8 Inlets. A device or arrangement of fittings shall be
installed at the inlet of the tank to prevent rainwater from dis- K 106.3 Roof Gutters. Gutters shall maintain a minimum
slope and be sized in accordance with this code.
«
turbing sediment as it enters the tank.
K 105.9 Primary Tank Outlets. The primary tank outlet K 106.4 Drains, Conductors, and Leaders. The design
and size of rainwater drains, conductors, and leaders shall
«
shall be located not less than 4 inches (102 mm) above the
bottom of the tank, or shall be provided with a floating inlet comply with this code.
to draw water from the cistern just below the water surface. K 106.5 Size of Potable Water Piping. Potable rainwa-
ter system distribution piping shall be sized in accordance
«
K 105.10 Storage Tank Venting. Where venting using
drainage or overflow piping is not provided or is considered with this code for sizing potable water piping.
insufficient, a vent shall be installed on each tank. The vent
shall extend from the top of the tank and terminate not less K 107.0 Cleaning.
than 6 inches (152 mm) above grade and shall be not less than K 107.1 General. The interior surfaces of tanks and equip-
11⁄2 inches (40 mm) in diameter. The vent terminal shall be ment shall be clean before they are put into service.
directed downward and covered with a 3⁄32 of an inch (2.4
mm) mesh screen to prevent the entry of vermin and insect.
K 108.0 Supply System Inspection and Test.
K 105.11 Pumps. Pumps serving rainwater catchment sys-
tems shall be listed for potable water use. Pumps supplying K 108.1 General. Rainwater catchment systems shall be
water to water closets, urinals, and trap primers shall be capa- inspected and tested in accordance with the applicable provi-
ble of delivering not less than the minimum residual pressure sions of this code for testing of potable water and storm drainage
required by the highest and most remote outlet served. Where systems. Storage tanks shall be filled with water to the overflow
the water pressure in the rainwater supply system within the opening for 24 hours, and during the inspection, or by other
building exceeds 80 psi (552 kPa), a pressure reducing valve means as approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Seams
reducing the pressure to 80 psi (552 kPa) or less to water out- and joints shall be exposed during the inspection and checked
lets in the building shall be installed in accordance with this for water tightness.
code.
K 105.12 Roof Drains. Primary and secondary roof drains,
conductors, leaders, overflows, and gutters shall be designed
and installed in accordance with this code.

» K 106.0 Freeze Protection.

K 106.1 General. Tanks and piping installed in locations
subject to freezing shall be provided with an approved means
of freeze protection.
» K 106.2 Roof Washer or Pre-Filtration System. Col-
lected rainwater shall pass through a roof washer or pre-fil-
tration system before the water enters the rainwater storage
tank. Roof washer systems shall comply with Section K
106.2.1 through Section K 106.2.4.
» K 106.2.1 Size. The roof washer shall be sized to
direct rainwater containing debris that has accumulated
on the collection surface away from the storage tank.
ARCSA/ASPE 63 contains additional guidance on
acceptable methods of sizing roof washers.

484 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
APPENDIX L - SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
that are listed below
Chapter/Section

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 485

486 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
APPENDIX L
SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES
The provisions contained in this appendix are not mandatory unless specifically adopted by a state agency, or referenced in the
adopting ordinance.

L 101.0 General. Hydrozone. A grouping of plants with similar water require-

L 101.1 Applicability. The purpose of this appendix is to ments that are irrigated by the same irrigation zone.
provide a comprehensive set of technically sound provisions Irrigation Control System. An irrigation control system
that encourage sustainable practices and works towards consists of a combination of a programmable controller using
enhancing the design and construction of plumbing systems one or more inputs or sensors that, in combination, estimate
that result in a positive long-term environmental impact. This or measure the availability of moisture for plants in order to
appendix is not intended to circumvent the health, safety, and operate an irrigation system, in such a manner that the system
general welfare requirements of this code. replenishes water as needed while minimizing excess water
L 101.2 Definition of Terms. For the purposes of this code, use. A properly programmed irrigation control system
the definitions in Section L 201.0 shall apply to this appendix. requires initial site specific set-up and will make irrigation
No attempt is made to define ordinary words, which are schedule adjustments, including run times and required cycles
used in accordance with their established dictionary mean- throughout the irrigation season without human intervention.
ings, except where a word has been used loosely, and it is Irrigation Demand. The amount of water not supplied by
necessary to define its meaning as used in this appendix to natural precipitation that is needed to maintain landscape plant
avoid misunderstanding. life in good condition. Irrigation demand is calculated by sub-
The definitions of terms are arranged alphabetically tracting natural effective precipitation from the ET rate
according to the first word of the term. adjusted by the landscape coefficient, which includes the func-
tional purpose and desired quality of the plant being irrigated.
Irrigation Emission Device. The various landscape irri-
L 201.0 Definitions. gation equipment terminal fittings or outlets that emit water
Catch Can Test. Method to measure the precipitation rate for irrigating vegetation in a landscape.
of an irrigation system by placing catchment containers at Irrigation Zone. The landscape area that is irrigated by a
various random positions in the irrigation zone for a pre- set of landscape irrigation emission devices installed on the
scribed amount of time during irrigation application. The vol- same water supply line downstream of a single valve.
umes of water in the containers are measured, averaged, and
calculated to determine precipitation rate. Tests are conducted Kitchen and Bar Sink Faucets. A faucet that discharges
using irrigation industry accepted practices. into a kitchen or bar sinks in domestic or commercial instal-
lations. Supply fittings that discharge into other type sinks,
Combination Ovens. A device that combines the function
including clinical sinks, floor sinks, service sinks and laundry
of hot air convection (oven mode) and saturated and super-
trays are not included.
heated steam heating (steam mode), or both, to perform
steaming, baking, roasting, rethermalizing, and proofing of Lavatory. (1) A basin or vessel for washing. (2) A plumbing
various food products. In general, the term combination oven fixture, as defined in (1), especially placed for use in personal
is used to describe this type of equipment, which is self-con- hygiene. Principally not used for laundry purposes and never
tained. The combination oven is also referred to as a combi- used for food preparation, or utensils, in food services. (3) A
nation oven/steamer, combi or combo. fixture designed for the washing of the hands and face. Some-
times called a wash basin.
Energy Star. A joint program of the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency and the U.S. Department of Energy. Lavatory Faucet. A faucet that discharges into a lavatory
Energy Star is a voluntary program designed to identify and basin in a domestic or commercial installation.
promote energy-efficient products and practices. Low Application Rate Irrigation. A means of irrigation
Evapotranspiration (ET). The water transpired from vege- using low precipitation rate sprinkler heads or low flow emit-
tation, evaporated from the soil, water, and plant surfaces. ters in conjunction with cycling irrigation schedules to apply
Evapotranspiration rates are values expressed in inches (mm) water at a rate less than the soil absorption rate.
per unit of time (day, week, month, or year). Evapotranspira- Low Flow Emitter. Low-flow irrigation emission device
tion rates vary by components of weather conditions, including designed to dissipate water pressure and discharge a small
insolation, humidity, temperatures and wind, and time of year. uniform flow or trickle of water at a constant flow rate. To be
Food Steamers (Steam Cookers). A cooking appliance classified as a low flow emitter: drip emitters shall discharge
wherein heat is imparted to food in a closed compartment by water at less than 4 gallons (15 L) per hour per emitter; micro-
direct contact with steam. The compartment can be at or above spray, micro-jet, and misters shall discharge water at a max-
atmospheric pressure. The steam can be static or circulated. imum of 30 gallons (114 L) per hour per nozzle.
Gang Showers. Shower compartments designed and Low Precipitation Rate Sprinkler Heads. Landscape
intended for use by multiple persons simultaneously. irrigation emission devices or sprinkler heads with a maxi-

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 487

APPENDIX L

mum precipitation rate of 1 inch per hour (25.4 mm/h) over Stormwater. Natural precipitation that has contacted a surface
the applied irrigation area. at grade or below grade and has not been put to beneficial use.
Maintenance. The upkeep of property or equipment by the Stormwater Catchment System. A system that collects
owner of the property in compliance with the requirements and stores stormwater for beneficial use.
of this appendix. Submeter. A meter installed subordinate to a site meter.
Metering Faucet. A self-closing faucet that dispenses a spe- Also known as a dedicated meter.
cific volume of water for each actuation cycle. The volume or WaterSense. A voluntary program of the U.S., Environ-
cycle duration can be fixed or adjustable. mental Protection Agency, designed to identify and promote
Modified Evapotranspiration. Numeric values, expressed water-efficient products and practices.
in inches/hour (in/h), of evapotranspiration rates, derived by Water Closet. A fixture with a water-containing receptor
altering ETo rates by applying factors of specific needs of the that receives liquid and solid body waste and on actuation
vegetation and local climate conditions. Modified evapotran- conveys the waste through an exposed integral trap into a
spiration rates are used as a factor in estimating the irrigation drainage system. Also referred to as a toilet.
water needs of landscapes. Common usage includes reference
evapotranspiration as the base rate, modified by coefficients or Water Factor (WF). A measurement and rating of appli-
factors for specific plant types and densities. ance water efficiency, most often used for residential and light
commercial clothes washers, as follows:
Multi-Occupant Spaces. Indoor spaces used for presenta-
tions and training, including classrooms and conference rooms. Water Factor (WF), Clothes Washer. The quantity
of water in gallons used to complete a full wash and rinse
Precipitation Rate. The sprinkler head application rate of
water applied to landscape irrigation zone, measured as cycle per measured cubic foot capacity of the clothes
inches per hour (mm/h). Precipitation rates of sprinkler heads container.
are calculated according to the flow rate, pattern, and spacing
of the sprinkler heads. L 301.0 General Regulations.
Pre-Rinse Spray Valve. A handheld device for use with L 301.1 Installation. Plumbing systems covered by this
commercial dishwashing and ware washing equipment that appendix shall be installed in accordance with this code, other
sprays water on dishes, flatware, and other food service items applicable codes, and the manufacturer’s installation instruc-
for the purpose of removing food residue before cleaning and tions.
sanitizing the items. L 301.2 Qualifications. Where permits are required, the
Recirculation System. A system of hot water supply and Authority Having Jurisdiction shall have the authority to
return piping with shutoff valves, balancing valves, circulating require contractors, installers, or service technicians to
pumps, and a method of controlling the circulating system. demonstrate competency. Where determined by the Author-
Reference Evapotranspiration (ETo). Numeric value, ity Having Jurisdiction, the contractor, installer or service
expressed in inches/hour (in/h), calculated as the water neces- technician shall be licensed to perform such work.
sary to produce maximum biomass based upon a cool-season
turf grass 4 inches to 6 inches (102 mm to 152 mm) tall. Com-
mon sources for obtaining local reference evapotranspiration L 302.0 Disposal of Liquid Waste.
rates are local agriculture extension services, state departments L 302.1 Disposal. It shall be unlawful for a person to cause,
of agriculture, water agencies, irrigation professionals, the suffer, or permit the disposal of sewage, human excrement, or
United States Geological Survey, and internet websites. other liquid wastes, in a place or manner, except through and
Reverse Osmosis Reject Water. Water that does not pass by means of an approved drainage system, installed and main-
through a membrane of a reverse osmosis system. tained in accordance with the provisions of this code.
Run Out. The developed length of pipe that extends away L 302.2 Connections to Plumbing System Required.
from the circulating loop system to a fixture(s). Equipment and appliances, used to receive or discharge liq-
uid wastes or sewage, shall be connected properly to the
Self Closing Faucet. A faucet that closes itself after the
drainage system of the building or premises, in accordance
actuation or control mechanism is deactivated. The actuation
with the requirements of this code.
or control mechanism can be mechanical or electronic.
Single Occupant Spaces. Private offices, workstations
in open offices, reception workstations, and ticket booths. L 303.0 Abandonment.
Soil Absorption Rate. The rate of the soil’s ability to allow L 303.1 General. An abandoned system or part thereof cov-
water to percolate or infiltrate the soil and be retained in the ered under the scope of this appendix shall be disconnected
root zone of the soil expressed as inches per hour (mm/h). from remaining systems, drained, plugged, and capped in an
Sprinkler Head. Landscape irrigation emission device dis- approved manner.
charging water in the form of sprays or rotating streams, not
including low flow emitters. L 401.0 Water Conservation and Efficiency.
Storage Tank. The central component of the rainwater, L 401.1 Scope. The provisions of this section establish the
stormwater, or dry weather runoff catchment system. Also means of conserving potable and nonpotable water used in
known as a cistern or rain barrel. and around a building.

488 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

APPENDIX L

L 402.0 Water-Conserving Plumbing Fixtures and B45.5/IAPMO Z124. Flushing urinals shall be listed to the
Fittings. EPA WaterSense Flushing Urinal Specification.
L 402.1 General. The maximum water consumption of fix- L 402.3.1 Nonwater Urinals. Nonwater urinals shall
tures and fixture fittings shall comply with the flow rates comply with ASME A112.19.3/CSA B45.4, ASME
specified in Table L 402.1, and Section L 402.2 through Sec- A112.19.19, or CSA B45.5/IAPMO Z124. Nonwater uri-
tion L 402.10. nals shall be cleaned and maintained in accordance with
the manufacturer’s instructions after installation. Where
TABLE L 402.1 nonwater urinals are installed, they shall have a water
MAXIMUM FIXTURE AND FIXTURE FITTINGS FLOW RATES
distribution line roughed-in to the urinal location at a
FIXTURE TYPE FLOW RATE height not less than 56 inches (1422 mm) to allow for the
Showerheads 2.0 gpm at 80 psi1 installation of an approved backflow prevention device
4 1.8 gpm at 60 psi in the event of a retrofit. Such water distribution lines
Kitchen faucets residential
Lavatory faucets residential 1.5 gpm at 60 psi shall be installed with shutoff valves located as close as
Lavatory faucets other than possible to the distributing main to prevent the creation
0.5 gpm at 60 psi of dead ends. Where nonwater urinals are installed, not
residential
Metering faucets 0.25 gallons/cycle less than one water supplied fixture rated at not less than
Metering faucets for wash One 0.25 gallons/cycle fixture fit- 1 drainage fixture unit (DFU) shall be installed upstream
fountains ting for each 20 inches rim space on the same drain line to facilitate drain line flow and
One 2.2 gpm at 60 psi fixture fit- rinsing.
Wash fountains
ting for each 20 inches rim space L 402.4 Residential Kitchen Faucets. The maximum
Water Closets 1.28 gallons/flush2 flow rate of residential kitchen faucets shall not exceed 1.8
Urinals 0.5 gallons/flush3 gallons per minute (gpm) (6.8 L/m) at 60 pounds-force per
Commercial Pre-Rinse square inch (psi) (414 kPa). Kitchen faucets are permitted to
1.3 gpm at 60 psi
Spray Valves temporarily increase the flow above the maximum rate, but
For SI units: 1 gallon per minute = 0.06 L/s, 1 pound-force per square inch not to exceed 2.2 gpm (8.3 L/m) at 60 psi (414 kPa), and shall
= 6.8947 kPa, 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 gallon = 3.785 L revert to a maximum flow rate of 1.8 gpm (6.8 L/m) at 60 psi
Notes: (414 kPa) upon valve closure.
1
For multiple showerheads serving one shower compartment see Section
L 402.6.1.
L 402.5 Lavatory Faucets. The maximum water flow rate
2
Shall be listed to EPA WaterSense Tank-Type Toilet Specification. of faucets shall comply with Section L 402.5.1 and Section L
3
Shall be listed to EPA WaterSense Flushing Urinal Specification. Non- 402.5.2.
water urinals shall comply with specifications listed in Section L 402.3.1. L 402.5.1 Lavatory Faucets in Residences,
4
See Section L 402.4.
Apartments, and Private Bathrooms in Lodging
Facilities, Hospitals, and Patient Care Facilities.
L 402.2 Water Closets. No water closet shall have an The flow rate for lavatory faucets installed in residences,
effective flush volume exceeding 1.28 gallons per flush (gpf) apartments, and private bathrooms in lodging, hospitals,
(4.8 Lpf). and patient care facilities (including skilled nursing and
L 402.2.1 Gravity, Pressure Assisted, and Elec- long-term care facilities) shall not exceed 1.5 gpm (5.7
tro-Hydraulic Tank Type Water Closets. Gravity, L/m) at 60 psi (414 kPa) in accordance with ASME
pressure assisted, and electro-hydraulic tank-type water A112.18.1/CSA B125.1 and shall be listed to the EPA
closets shall have a maximum effective flush volume of WaterSense High Efficiency Lavatory Faucet Specifica-
not more than 1.28 gallons (4.8 Lpf) of water per flush in tion.
accordance with ASME A112.19.2/CSA B45.1 or L 402.5.2 Lavatory Faucets in Other Than Resi-
ASME A112.19.14 and shall be listed to the EPA dences, Apartments, and Private Bathrooms in
WaterSense Specification for Tank-Type Toilets. The Lodging Facilities. Lavatory faucets installed in bath-
effective flush volume for dual flush toilets is defined as rooms of buildings or occupancies other than those spec-
the composite, average flush volume of two reduced ified in Section L 402.5.1 shall be in accordance with
flushes and one full flush. Section L 402.5.2(1) or Section L 402.5.2(2).
L 402.2.2 Flushometer-Valve Activated Water (1) The flow rate shall not exceed 0.5 gpm (1.9 L/m) at
Closets. Flushometer-valve activated water closets 60 psi (414 kPa) in accordance with ASME
shall have a maximum flush volume of not more than A112.18.1/CSA B125.1.
1.28 gallons (4.8 Lpf) of water per flush in accordance
with ASME A112.19.2/CSA B45.1 and shall be listed to (2) Metering faucets shall deliver not more than 0.25
the EPA WaterSense Specification for Flushometer- gallons (0.95 L) of water per cycle.
Valve Water Closets. L 402.6 Showerheads. Showerheads shall not exceed 2.0
L 402.3 Urinals. Urinals shall have a maximum flush vol- gpm (7.6 L/m) at 80 psi (552 kPa), and shall be listed to
ume of not more than 0.5 gallon (1.9 Lpf) of water per flush ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1 and the EPA WaterSense
in accordance with ASME A112.19.2/CSA B45.1 or CSA Specification for Showerheads.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 489

APPENDIX L

L 402.6.1 Multiple Showerheads Serving One L 404.0 Occupancy Specific Water Efficiency
Shower Compartment. The total allowable flow rate Requirements.
of water from multiple showerheads flowing at a given L 404.1 Commercial Food Service. Commercial food
time, with or without a diverter, including rain systems, service facilities shall comply with the water efficiency
waterfalls, bodysprays, and jets, shall not exceed 2.0 gpm requirements in Section L 404.2 through Section L 404.7.5.
(7.6 L/m) per shower compartment, where the floor area
of the shower compartment is less than 1800 square L 404.2 Ice Makers. Ice makers shall be air cooled and shall
inches (1.161 m2). For each increment of 1800 square be in accordance with Energy Star for commercial ice
inches (1.161 m2) of floor area after that or part thereof, machines.
additional showerheads are allowed, provided the total L 404.3 Food Steamers. Boilerless type steamers shall
flow rate of water from flowing devices shall not exceed consume not more than 2.0 gallons (7.6 L) per compartment.
2.0 gpm (7.6 L/m) for each such increment. Boiler type steamers shall not consume more than 1.5 gallons
Exceptions: (5.7 L) per pan per hour.
(1) Gang showers in nonresidential occupancies. Sin- L 404.4 Combination Ovens. Combination ovens shall
gular showerheads or multiple shower outlets serv- not use water in the convection mode except when utilizing
ing one showering position in gang showers shall a moisture nozzle for food products in the oven. The total
not have more than 2.0 gpm (7.6 L/m) total flow. amount of water used by the moisture nozzle in the convec-
(2) Where provided, shower compartments required for tion mode shall not exceed a half a gallon per hour per oven
persons with disabilities in accordance with Chapter cavity. When operating in the steamer mode, combination
17 shall not have more than 4.0 gpm (15 L/m) total ovens shall not consume more than 1.5 gallons per hour (gph)
flow, where one outlet is the hand shower. (5.7 L/h) per pan.
L 402.6.2 Bath and Shower Diverters. The rate of L 404.5 Grease Interceptors. Grease interceptor mainte-
leakage out of the tub spout of bath and shower diverters nance procedures shall not include post-pumping/cleaning
while operating in the shower mode shall not exceed 0.1 refill using potable water. Refill shall be by connected appli-
gpm (0.4 L/m) in accordance with ASME A112.18.1/CSA ance accumulated discharge only.
B125.1. L 404.6 Dipper Well Faucets. Where dipper wells are
L 402.6.3 Shower Valves. Shower valves shall com- installed, the water supply to a dipper well shall have a shut-
ply with the temperature control performance require- off valve and flow control. The flow of water into a dipper
ments of ASSE 1016 or ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1 well shall be limited by not less than one of the following
where tested at 2.0 gpm (7.6 L/m). methods:
L 402.7 Recirculating Shower Systems. Recirculating (1) Water flow shall not exceed the water capacity of the dip-
shower systems shall comply with IAPMO IGC 330. per well in one minute at a supply pressure of 60 psi (414
» L 402.8 Commercial Pre-Rinse Spray Valves. The flow
rate for a pre-rinse spray valve installed in a commercial
kPa), and the maximum flow shall not exceed 2.2 gpm
(8.3 L/m) at a supply pressure of 60 psi (414 kPa). The
kitchen to remove food waste from cookware and dishes water capacity of a dipper well shall be the maximum
before cleaning shall not be more than 1.28 gpm (4.8 L/m) at amount of water that the fixture can hold before water
60 psi (414 kPa). Where pre-rinse spray valves with maxi- flows into the drain.
mum flow rates of 1.0 gpm (3.8 L/m) or less are installed, the (2) The volume of water dispensed into a dipper well in each
static pressure shall be not less than 30 psi (207 kPa). Com- activation cycle of a self-closing fixture fitting shall not
mercial kitchen pre-rinse spray valves shall be equipped with
exceed the water capacity of the dipper well, and the
an integral automatic shutoff. Pre-rinse spray valves shall be
maximum flow shall not exceed 2.2 gpm (8.3 L/m) at a
listed to the EPA WaterSense Commercial Pre-rinse Spray
supply pressure of 60 psi (414 kPa).
Valve Specification.
» L 402.9 Emergency Safety Showers and Eye Wash
Stations. Emergency safety showers and emergency eyewash
L 404.7 Food Waste Devices. Where installed, food waste
devices shall be in accordance with Section L 404.7.1 through
Section L 404.7.5.
stations shall not be limited to their water supply flow rates.
» L 402.10 Drinking Fountains. Drinking fountains shall
be self-closing.
L 404.7.1 Pulpers and Mechanical Strainers. The
water use for pulpers or mechanical strainers shall not
exceed 3 gpm (11.4 L/m). A flow restrictor shall be
installed on the water supply to limit the water flow.
L 403.0 Appliances. L 404.7.2 Food Waste Disposers. The water use for
L 403.1 Dishwashers. Residential and commercial dish- the food waste grinder shall not exceed 8 gpm (30.3 L/m)
washers shall comply with the Energy Star program require- under full load condition and 1 gpm (3.8 L/m) under no-
ments. load condition. Flow restrictors shall be installed on the
L 403.2 Clothes Washers. Residential clothes washers water supply to limit the water flow rate to a maximum
shall comply with the Energy Star program requirements. of 8 gpm (30.3 L/m). A load sensing device shall be
Commercial clothes washers shall comply with Energy Star installed to monitor current demand and regulate water
program requirements, where such requirements exist. flow.

490 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

APPENDIX L

L 404.7.3 Time Out and Shut Off. Pulpers, mechan- (3) The water supply to each building on a property with
ical strainers, and food waste disposers shall have a time multiple buildings where the water consumption exceeds
out system with push button to reactivate. The maximum 500 gals/d (0.021 L/s).
allowable run time cycle shall be 10 minutes. (4) The water supply to an individual tenant space on a prop-
L 404.7.4 Sink Drain Outlets. Where a strainer or bas- erty where one or more of the following applies:
ket is installed, they shall be readily removable. (a) Water consumption exceeds 500 gals/d (0.021 L/s)
L 404.7.5 Strainer Baskets. Strainer (scrapper) bas- for that tenant.
kets shall either fit over a sink compartment or be (b) Tenant space is occupied by a commercial laundry,
attached to a drain system. The strainer baskets shall be cleaning operation, restaurant, food service, medical
readily removable for emptying. office, dental office, laboratory, beauty salon, or bar-
» L 404.8 Medical and Laboratory Facilities. Medical and
laboratory facilities shall comply with the water efficiency
bershop.
(c) Total building area exceeds 50 000 square feet (4645
requirements in Section L 404.9 through Section L 404.11. m2).
» L 404.9 Steam Sterilizers. Controls shall be installed to
limit the discharge temperature of condensate or water from
(5) The makeup water supplies to a swimming pool.
steam sterilizers to 140°F (60°C) or less. A venturi-type vac- L 407.2 Approval. Dedicated meters, other than water util-
uum system shall not be utilized with vacuum sterilizers. ity meters shall be approved by the Authority Having Juris-

» L 404.10 X-Ray Film Processing Units. Processors for

X-ray film exceeding 6 inches (152 mm) in any dimension
diction for the intended use.
L 407.3 Consumption Data. A means of communicating
shall be equipped with water recycling units. water consumption data from submeters to the water con-
» L 404.11 Exhaust Hood Liquid Scrubber Systems.
Liquid scrubber systems for exhaust hoods and ducts shall be
sumer shall be provided.
L 407.4 Access. Meters and submeters shall be accessible.
of the recirculation type. Liquid scrubber systems for per-
chloric acid exhaust hoods and ducts shall be equipped with L 408.0 Condensate Recovery.
a timer-controlled water recirculation system. The collection
L 408.1 General. Condensate is permitted to be used as on-
sump for perchloric acid exhaust systems shall be designed to
site treated nonpotable water when collected, stored, and
drain automatically after the wash down process has com-
treated in accordance with Section 1506.0.
pleted.
L 408.1.1 Condensate Drainage Recovery. Con-
densate from air-conditioning, boiler and steam systems
L 405.0 Leak Detection and Control. used to supply water for non-potable water systems shall
L 405.1 General. Where installed, leak detection and con- be in accordance with Section 1506.0.
trol devices shall comply with IAPMO IGC 115 or IAPMO
IGC 349. Leak detection and control devices help protect
property from water damage and also conserve water by shut- L 409.0 Water-Powered Sump Pumps.
ting off the flow when leaks are detected. L 409.1 General. Sump pumps powered by potable or
reclaimed (recycled) water pressure shall be used as an emer-
gency backup pump. The water-powered pump shall be
L 406.0 Fountains and Other Water Features. equipped with a battery powered alarm having a minimum
L 406.1 Use of Alternate Water Source for Special rating of 85 dBa at 10 feet (3048 mm). Water-powered pumps
Water Features. Special water features such as ponds and shall have a water efficiency factor of pumping at least 1.4
water fountains shall be provided with reclaimed (recycled) gallons (5.3 L) of water to a height of 10 feet (3048 mm) for
water, rainwater, or on-site treated nonpotable water where every gallon of water used to operate the pump, measured at
the source and capacity are available on the premises and a water pressure of 60 psi (414 kPa). Pumps shall be labeled
approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. as to the gallons of water pumped per gallon of potable water
consumed.
L 407.0 Meters. Water-powered stormwater sump pumps shall be
L 407.1 Required. A water meter shall be required for build- equipped with a reduced pressure principle backflow preven-
ings connected to a public water system, including munici- tion assembly.
pally supplied reclaimed (recycled) water. In other than
single-family houses, multifamily structures of three stories or L 410.0 Water Softeners and Treatment Devices.
fewer above grade, and modular houses, a separate meter or
submeter shall be installed in the following locations: L 410.1 Water Softeners. Water softeners shall be listed to
NSF 44. Water softeners shall have a rated salt efficiency
(1) The water supply for irrigated landscape with an accu- exceeding 3400 grains (gr) (0.222 kg) of total hardness
mulative area exceeding 2500 square feet (232.3 m2). exchange per pound (0.5 kg) of salt, based on sodium chloride
(2) The water supply to a water-using process where the con- (NaCl) equivalency, and shall not generate more than 4 gal-
sumption exceeds 1000 gallons per day (gal/d) (0.0438 lons (15.1 L) of water per 1000 grains (0.0647 kg) of hardness
L/s), except for manufacturing processes. removed during the service cycle.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 491

APPENDIX L

L 410.2 Water Softener Limitations. In residential build- (e) Soil moisture setting.
ings, where the supplied potable water hardness is equal to (f) Peak demand schedule including run times for each
or less than 8 grains per gallon (gr/gal) (137 mg/L) measured zone and the number of cycles to mitigate runoff and
as total calcium carbonate equivalents, water softening equip- monthly adjustments or percentage.
ment that discharges water into the wastewater system during
L 411.5 Low Flow Irrigation. Irrigation zones using low
the service cycle shall not be allowed, except as required for
flow irrigation emitters shall comply with ASABE/ICC 802
medical purposes.
Landscape Irrigation Sprinkler and Emitter Standard and shall
L 410.3 Point-of-Use Reverse Osmosis Water Treat- be equipped with filters sized according to the manufacturer’s
ment Systems. Reverse osmosis water treatment systems recommendation for the specific low flow emitter, and with
installed in residential occupancies shall be equipped with a pressure regulator installed upstream of the irrigation emis-
automatic shutoff valves to prevent discharge when there is sion devices as necessary to reduce the operating water pres-
no call for producing treated water. Reverse osmosis water sure in accordance with the manufacturers’ equipment
treatment systems shall be listed in accordance with NSF 58. requirements.
L 411.6 Mulched Planting Areas. Only low flow emitters
L 411.0 Landscape Irrigation Systems. are allowed to be installed in mulched planting areas with
L 411.1 General. Where landscape irrigation systems are vegetation taller than 12 inches (305 mm).
installed, they shall be in accordance with Section L 411.2 L 411.7 System Performance Requirements. The land-
through Section L 411.14. Requirements limiting the amount scape irrigation system shall be designed and installed to:
or type of plant material used in landscapes shall be estab- (1) Prevent irrigation water from runoff out of the irrigation
lished by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. zone.
Exception: Plants grown for food production. (2) Prevent water in the supply line drainage from draining
L 411.2 Backflow Protection. Potable water and supplies out between irrigation events.
to landscape irrigation systems shall be protected from back- (3) Not allow irrigation water to be applied onto or enter
flow in accordance with this code and the Authority Having non-targeted areas including adjacent property and veg-
Jurisdiction. etation areas, adjacent hydrozones not requiring the irri-
L 411.3 Use of Alternate Water Sources for Land- gation water to meet its irrigation demand,
scape Irrigation. Where available by pre-existing treat- non-vegetative areas, impermeable surfaces, roadways,
ment, storage, or distribution network, and where approved and structures.
by the Authority Having Jurisdiction, alternative water L 411.8 Narrow or Irregularly Shaped Landscape
source(s) shall be utilized for landscape irrigation. Where ade- Areas. Narrow or irregularly shaped landscape areas, less
quate capacity and volumes of pre-existing alternative water than 4 feet (1219 mm) in any direction across opposing
sources are available, the irrigation system shall be designed boundaries, shall not be irrigated by an irrigation emission
to use a minimum of 75 percent of alternative water for the device except low flow emitters.
annual irrigation demand before supplemental potable water
L 411.9 Sloped Areas. Where soil surface rises more than
is used.
1 foot (305 mm) per 4 feet (1219 mm) of length, the irrigation
L 411.4 Irrigation Control Systems. Where installed as zone system average precipitation rate shall not exceed 0.75
part of a landscape irrigation system, irrigation control sys- inches (19.1 mm) per hour as verified through either of the
tems shall: following methods:
(1) Automatically adjust the irrigation schedule to respond to (1) Manufacturer documentation that the precipitation rate
plant water needs determined by weather or soil mois- for the installed sprinkler head does not exceed 0.75
ture conditions. inches (19.1 mm) per hour where the sprinkler heads are
(2) Utilize sensors to suspend irrigation during a rainfall. installed not closer than the specified radius and where
(3) Utilize sensors to suspend irrigation where adequate soil the water pressure of the irrigation system is not more
moisture is present for plant growth. than the manufacturer’s recommendations.
(4) Have the capability to program multiple and different run (2) Catch can test in accordance with the requirements of the
times for each irrigation zone to enable cycling of water Authority Having Jurisdiction and where emitted water
applications and durations to mitigate water flowing off volume is measured with a minimum of six catchment
of the intended irrigation zone. containers at random places within the irrigation zone for
a minimum of 15 minutes to determine the average pre-
(5) The site-specific settings of the irrigation control system
cipitation rate, expressed as inches per hour (mm/h).
affecting the irrigation and shall be posted at the control
system location. The posted data, where applicable to the L 411.10 Sprinkler Head Installations. All installed
settings of the controller, shall include: sprinkler heads shall comply with ASABE/ICC 802 or other
approved standard(s).
(a) Precipitation rate for each zone.
L 411.10.1 Sprinkler Heads in Common Irrigation
(b) Plant evapotranspiration coefficients for each zone.
Zones. Sprinkler heads installed in irrigation zones
(c) Soil absorption rate for each zone. served by a common valve shall be limited to applying
(d) Rain sensor settings. water to plants with similar irrigation needs, and shall have

492 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

APPENDIX L

496 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

APPENDIX L

TABLE L 503.3.2
PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR WATER-HEATING EQUIPMENT
MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS
[ASHRAE 90.1: TABLE 7.8]
SIZE CATEGORY SUBCATEGORY OR
EQUIPMENT TYPE PERFORMANCE REQUIRED1 TEST PROCEDURE2,3
(INPUT) RATING CONDITION

Electric table top water heaters ≤12 kW Resistance ≥20 gal See footnote 7 —
≤12 kW5 Resistance ≥20 gal See footnote 7 —
Section G.2 of CSA
Electric water heaters >12 kW5 Resistance ≥20 gal 0.3 + 27√Vm %/h
Z21.10.3
≤24 Amps and
Heat Pump See footnote 7 —
≤250 Volts
≤75 000 Btu/h ≥20 gal See footnote 7 —
Gas storage water heaters 80% Et (Q/800 + Sections G.1 and G.2 of
>75 000 Btu/h6 <4000 (Btu/h)/gal
110√V) SL, Btu/h CSA Z21.10.3
>50 000 Btu/h and ≥4000 (Btu/h)/gal
See footnote 7 —
<200 000 Btu/h and <2 gal
Gas instantaneous water 4,6 ≥4000 (Btu/h)/gal
≥200 000 Btu/h 80% Et
heaters and <10 gal Sections G.1 and G.2 of
6 ≥4000 (Btu/h)/gal 80% Et (Q/799 + CSA Z21.10.3
≥200 000 Btu/h
and ≥10 gal 16.6√V) SL, Btu/h
≤105 000 Btu/h ≥20 gal 0.59-0.0005V EF —
Oil storage water heaters 80% Et (Q/800 + Sections G.1 and G.2 of
>105 000 Btu/h <4000 (Btu/h)/gal
110√V) SL, Btu/h CSA Z21.10.3
≥4000 (Btu/h)/gal
≤210 000 Btu/h See footnote 7 —
and <2 gal
≥4000 (Btu/h)/gal
Oil instantaneous water heaters >210 000 Btu/h 80% Et
and <10 gal Sections G.1 and G.2 of
≥4000 (Btu/h)/gal 78% Et (Q/800 + CSA Z21.10.3
>210 000 Btu/h
and ≥10 gal 110√V) SL, Btu/h
Hot-water supply boilers, gas ≥300 000 Btu/h and ≥4000 (Btu/h)/gal
80% Et
and oil6 <12 500 000 Btu/h and <10 gal
≥4000 (Btu/h)/gal 80% Et (Q/800 + Sections G.1 and G.2 of
Hot-water supply boilers, gas6 —
and ≥10 gal 110√V) SL, Btu/h CSA Z21.10.3
≥4000 (Btu/h)/gal 78% Et (Q/800 +
Hot-water supply boilers, oil —
and ≥10 gal 110√V) SL, Btu/h
Pool heaters, oil and gas All — See footnote 7 ASHRAE 146
50°F db 44.2°F wb
Heat pump pool heaters All Outdoor air 80.0°F 4.0 COP AHRI 1160
entering water
Unfired storage tanks All — R-12.5 (none)
For SI units: 1 gallon = 3.785 L, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, °C = (°F-32)/1.8
Notes:
1
Thermal efficiency (Et) is a minimum requirement, while standby loss (SL) is maximum Btu/h (kW) based on a 70°F (21°C) temperature difference between
stored water and ambient requirements. In the SL equation, V is the rated volume in gallons and Q is the nameplate input rate in Btu/h (kW). Vm is the meas-
ured volume in the tank in gallons.
2
ASHRAE 90.1 contains a complete specification, including the year version, of the referenced test procedure.
3
Section G.1 is titled “Test Method for Measuring Thermal Efficiency” and Section G.2 is titled “Test Method for Measuring Standby Loss.”
4
Instantaneous water heaters with input rates below 200 000 Btu/h (58.6 kW) shall be in accordance with these requirements where the water heater is designed
to heat water to temperatures of 180°F (82°C) or higher.
5
Electric water heaters with input rates less than 40 946 Btu/h (12 kW) shall be in accordance with these requirements where the water heater is designed to
heat water to temperatures of 180°F (82°C) or higher.
6
Refer to Section L 503.4.3 for additional requirements for gas storage and instantaneous water heaters and gas hot water supply boilers.
7
In the U.S., the efficiency requirements for water heaters or gas pool heaters in this category or subcategory are specified by the U.S. Department of Energy.
Those requirements and applicable test procedures are found in the Code of Federal Regulations 10 CFR Part 430.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 497

APPENDIX L

TABLE L 503.3.3
MINIMUM PIPING INSULATION THICKNESS FOR HEATING AND HOT-WATER SYSTEMS
(STEAM, STEAM CONDENSATE, HOT-WATER HEATING, AND DOMESTIC WATER SYSTEMS)1, 2, 3, 4, 5
[ASHRAE 90.1: TABLE 6.8.3-1]

FLUID OPERATING INSULATION CONDUCTIVITY ≥NOMINAL PIPE SIZE OR TUBE SIZE (inches)
TEMPERATURE
MEAN RATING
RANGE AND CONDUCTIVITY
TEMPERATURE <1 1 to <11⁄2 11⁄2 to <4 4 to <8 ≥8
USAGE (°F) Btu•inch/(h•ft2•°F)
(°F)
INSULATION THICKNESS (inches)

>350 0.32 to 0.34 250 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0

251 to 350 0.29 to 0.32 200 3.0 4.0 4.5 4.5 4.5
201 to 250 0.27 to 0.30 150 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0
141 to 200 0.25 to 0.29 125 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0
105 to 140 0.22 to 0.28 100 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.5 1.5
For SI units: °C=(°F-32)/1.8, 1 British thermal unit inch per hour square foot degree Fahrenheit = [0.1 W/(m•K)], 1 inch = 25 mm
Notes:
1
For insulation outside the stated conductivity range, the minimum thickness (T) shall be determined as follows:
T = r{(1 + t/r)K/k – 1} Where:
T = minimum insulation thickness (inches) (mm).
r = actual outside radius of pipe (inches) (mm).
t = insulation thickness listed in this table for applicable fluid temperature and pipe size.
K = conductivity of alternate material at mean rating temperature indicated for the applicable fluid temperature [Btu•in/(h•ft2•°F)] [W/(m•K)].
k = the upper value of the conductivity range listed in this table for the applicable fluid temperature.
2
These thicknesses are based on energy efficiency considerations only. Additional insulation is sometimes required relative to safety issues or surface tem-
perature.
3
For piping 11⁄2 inches (40 mm) or less, and located in partitions within conditioned spaces, reduction of insulation thickness by 1 inch (25.4 mm) shall be
permitted before thickness adjustment required in Footnote 1, but not a thickness less than 1 inch (25.4 mm).
4
For direct-buried heating and hot water system piping, reduction of insulation thickness by 11/2 inch (38 mm) shall be permitted before thickness adjustment
required in Footnote 1, but not a thickness less than 1 inch (25.4 mm).
5
Table L 503.3.3 is based on steel pipe. Non-metallic pipes, Schedule 80 thickness or less shall use the table values. For other non-metallic pipes having a
thermal resistance more than that of steel pipe, reduced insulation thicknesses shall be permitted where documentation is provided showing that the pipe with
the proposed insulation has no more heat transfer per foot (mm) than a steel pipe of the same size with the insulation thickness shown in Table L 503.3.3.

(2) It is demonstrated to the satisfaction of the Author- Exceptions:

ity Having Jurisdiction that the use of a single heat (1) Where 25 percent of the annual service water-heat-
source will consume less energy than separate units. ing requirement is provided by site-solar or site-
(3) The energy input of the combined boiler and water recovered energy.
heater system is less than 150 000 British thermal units (2) Water heaters installed in individual dwelling units.
per hour (Btu/h) (44 kW). [ASHRAE 90.1:7.5.1] (3) Individual gas water heaters with input capacity,
L 503.4.2 Service Water Heating Equipment. not more than 100 000 Btu/h (29.3 kW). [ASHRAE
Service water-heating equipment used to provide the 90.1:7.5.3]
additional function of space heating as part of a combi- L 503.4.4 Heat Recovery for Service Water
nation (integrated) system shall satisfy stated require- Heating. Condenser heat recovery systems shall be
ments for the service water-heating equipment. installed for heating or preheating of service hot water
[ASHRAE 90.1:7.5.2] provided the following are true:
(1) The facility operates 24 hours a day.
L 503.4.3 Buildings with High-Capacity Service
Water Heating Systems. New buildings with gas (2) The total installed heat rejection capacity of the
service hot-water systems with a total installed gas water- water-cooled systems exceeds 6 000 000 Btu/h
(1758 kW) of heat rejection.
heating input capacity of 1 000 000 Btu/h (293 kW) or
more, shall have gas service water-heating equipment (3) The design service water-heating load exceeds 1 000
with a thermal efficiency (Et) of not less than 90 percent. 000 Btu/h (293 kW). [ASHRAE 90.1:6.5.6.2.1]
Multiple units of gas water-heating equipment shall be L 503.4.5 Capacity. The required heat recovery sys-
permitted to comply with this requirement where the tem shall have the capacity to provide the smaller of:
water-heating input provided by the equipment, with (1) Sixty percent of the peak heat-rejection load at
thermal efficiency (Et) of more or less than 90 percent, design conditions.
provides an input capacity-weighted average thermal (2) Preheat of the peak service hot-water draw to 85°F
efficiency of not less than 90 percent. (29°C).

498 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

APPENDIX L

Exceptions: competency. Where determined by the Authority Having

(1) Facilities that employ condenser heat recovery for Jurisdiction, the contractor, installer, or service technician
space heating with a heat recovery design exceed- shall be licensed to perform such work.
ing 30 percent of the peak water-cooled condenser
load at design conditions. L 701.0 Method of Calculating Water Savings.
(2) Facilities that provide 60 percent of their service L 701.1 Purpose. The purpose of this section is to provide
water heating from site-solar or site-recovered a means of estimating the water savings where installing
energy or other sources. [ASHRAE 90.1:6.5.6.2.2] plumbing and fixture fittings that use less water than the max-
L 503.5 Submittals. The Authority Having Jurisdiction imum required by the Energy Policy Act of 1992 and 2005
shall require submittal of compliance documentation and sup- and this code.
plemental information in accordance with Section 104.3.1 of L 701.2 Calculation of Water Savings. Table L 701.2(1)
this code. and Table L 701.2(2) shall be permitted to be used to estab-
lish a water use baseline in calculating the amount of water
saved as a result of using plumbing fixtures and fixture fit-
L 504.0 Solar Water Heating Systems. tings that use less water than the required maximum. Water
L 504.1 General. The erection, installation, alteration, addi- use is determined by the following equation:
tion to, use or maintenance of solar water heating systems Water use = (flow rate or consumption) x (duration) x (occu-
shall be in accordance with this section and the Uniform Solar pants) x (daily uses)
Energy and Hydronics Code.
L 504.2 Annual Inspection and Maintenance. Solar
energy systems that utilize a heat transfer fluid shall annually
be inspected unless inspections are required on a more fre-
quent basis by the solar energy system manufacturer.

L 505.0 Hard Water.

L 505.1 Softening and Treatment. Where water has a
hardness equal to or exceeding 10 gr/gal (171 mg/L) meas-
ured as total calcium carbonate equivalents, the water supply
line to water heating equipment and the circuit of boilers shall
be softened or treated to prevent accumulation of limescale
and consequent reduction in energy efficiency.

L 506.0 Drain Water Heat Exchangers.

L 506.1 General. Drain water heat exchangers shall comply
with IAPMO PS 92. The heat exchanger shall be accessible.

L 507.0 Heat Recovery from Steam Boiler Blowdown.

L 507.1 General. Where heat recovery can be used benefi-
cially to heat boiler makeup water or for other purposes,
boiler blowdown from steam boilers exceeding 15 psi (103
kPa) and 3.4 E+06 Btu/h (996 kW) shall be directed to a heat
recovery system that reduces the temperature of the blow-
down discharge to below 140°F (60°C) without using tem-
pering water.

L 601.0 Installer Qualifications.

L 601.1 Scope. The provisions of this section address min-
imum qualifications of installers of plumbing and mechanical
systems covered within the scope of this appendix.

L 602.0 Qualifications.
L 602.1 General. Where permits are required, the Author-
ity Having Jurisdiction shall have the authority to require con-
tractors, installers, or service technicians to demonstrate

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 499

APPENDIX L

TABLE L 701.2(1)
WATER USE BASELINE5
MAXIMUM FLOW-RATE ESTIMATED DAILY
FIXTURE TYPE DURATION OCCUPANTS3, 4
CONSUMPTION2 USES PER PERSON

Showerheads 2.5 gpm at 80 psi 8 minutes 1 –

Private or Private Use Lavatory Faucets 2.2 gpm at 60 psi 0.25 minutes 4 –

Residential Kitchen Faucets 2.2 gpm at 60 psi 4 minutes 1 –

One 2.2 gpm at 60 psi fixture fitting
Wash Fountains – – –
for every 20 inches rim space
Lavatory Faucets in other than Residences,
Apartments, and Private Bathrooms in 0.5 gpm 0.25 minutes 4 –
Lodging Facilities
Metering Faucets 0.25 gallons/cycle – 3 –
One 0.25 gallon per cycle fixture
Metering Faucets for Wash Fountains – – –
fitting for every 20 inches rim space
1 male1 –
Water Closets 1.6 gallons per flush 1 flush
3 female –

Urinals 1.0 gallons per flush 1 flush 2 male –

For SI units: 1 gallon per minute = 0.06 L/s, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa, 1 gallon = 3.785 L, 1 inch = 25.4 mm
Notes:
1
The daily use number shall be increased to three where urinals are not installed in the room.
2
The maximum flow rate or consumption is from the Energy Policy Act.
3
For residential occupancies, the number of occupants shall be based on two persons for the first bedroom and one additional person for each additional bed-
room.
4
For nonresidential occupancies, refer to Table 422.1 for occupant load factors.
5
Where determining calculations, assume one use per person for metering or self-closing faucets.

500 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

APPENDIX L

TABLE L 701.2(2)
WATER SAVINGS CALCULATOR1, 2, 3
NONRESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

CONSUMPTION DURATION DAILY WATER

FIXTURE TYPE DAILY USES OCCUPANTS
(gallons per minute) (minutes) USES (gallons)

1.6 gpf (gallons per flush) toilet - male 1.6 1 1 150 240
1.6 gpf toilet - female 1.6 3 1 150 720
1.0 gpf urinal - male 1 2 1 150 300
Commercial lavatory faucet - 0.5 gpm 0.5 3 0.25 300 113
Kitchen sink - 2.2 gpm 2.2 1 0.25 300 165
Showerhead - 2.5 gpm 2.5 0.1 8 300 600
Total Daily Volume 2138
Annual Work Days 260
Total Annual Usage 555 750

NONRESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

CONSUMPTION DURATION DAILY WATER

FIXTURE TYPE DAILY USES OCCUPANTS
(gallons per minute) (minutes) USES (gallons)

1.6 gpf toilet - male 1.28 1 1 150 192

1.6 gpf toilet - female 1.28 3 1 150 576
1.0 gpf urinal - male 0.5 2 1 150 150
Commercial lavatory faucet - 0.5 gpm 0.5 3 0.25 300 113
Kitchen sink - 2.2 gpm 2.2 1 0.25 300 165
Showerhead - 2.5 gpm 2.5 0.1 8 300 600
Total Daily Volume 1796
Annual Work Days 260
Total Annual Usage 466 830
Annual Savings 88 920
% Reduction -16.0 percent
For SI units: 1 gallon per minute = 0.06 L/s, 1 gallon = 3.785 L
Notes:
1
Consumption values shown as underlined reflect the maximum consumption values associated with the provisions called out in the IAPMO Green Plumb-
ing & Mechanical Code Supplement.
2
Where metering faucets are used, insert the flow rate of the faucet in the “Consumption” column and insert the cycle time in the “Duration” column (assume
1 cycle per use).
3
To determine estimated savings, insert occupant values (same as Baseline) and consumption values based on fixtures and fixture fittings installed.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 501

APPENDIX L

TABLE L 701.2(2) (continued)

WATER SAVINGS CALCULATOR1, 2
NONRESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

CONSUMPTION DURATION DAILY WATER

FIXTURE TYPE DAILY USES OCCUPANTS
(gallons per minute) (minutes) USES (gallons)

1.6 gpf toilets 1.6 5 1 4 32

Lavatory faucet - 2.2 gpm 2.2 8 0.25 4 18
Kitchen sink - 2.2 gpm 2.2 6 0.25 4 13
Showerhead - 2.5 gpm 2.5 0.75 8 4 60
Total Daily Volume 123
Annual Work Days 44 822

NONRESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

CONSUMPTION DURATION DAILY WATER

FIXTURE TYPE DAILY USES OCCUPANTS
(gallons per minute) (minutes) USES (gallons)

1.6 gpf toilet - male 1.28 5 1 4 26

Lavatory faucet - 1.5 gpm 1.5 8 0.25 4 12
Kitchen sink - 2.2 gpm 2.2 6 0.25 4 13
Showerhead - 2.5 gpm 2.5 0.75 8 4 60
Total Daily Volume 111
Annual Usage 40 442
Annual Savings 4380
% Reduction -9.8 percent
For SI units: 1 gallon per minute = 0.06 L/s, 1 gallon = 3.785 L
Notes:
1
Consumption values shown as underlined reflect the maximum consumption values associated with the provisions called out in the IAPMO Green Plumb-
ing & Mechanical Code Supplement.
2
To determine estimated savings, insert occupant values (same as Baseline) and consumption values based on fixtures and fixture fittings installed.

Notes and instructions for Table L 701.2(2):

Table L 701.2(2) is an example of a calculator that is capable of helping estimate water savings in residential and nonresidential structures. The “Duration” of
use and “Daily Uses” values that appear in the table are estimates and based on previous studies. The first example shown below is a commercial office build-
ing with 300 occupants, 150 females, and 150 males. The second example is a 3 bedroom residential building. To obtain and use a working copy of this cal-
culator, follow the download and use instructions below.
Instructions for download:
1. Go to the IAPMO website at www.iapmogreen.org to download the water savings calculator. The calculator is a Microsoft Office Excel file (1997 or later),
your computer must be capable of running MS Excel.
2. Follow the instructions for downloading and running the file.

Instructions for use:

1. In the Baseline Case section, insert the number of total occupants, male occupants and female occupants that apply to the building in the “Occupants” col-
umn. Unless specific gender ratio values are provided, assume a 50/50 gender ratio.
2. Copy and paste these same values in the “Occupants” column of the Calculator section.
3. In the Calculator section, insert the consumption values (flow rates in gpm or gallons per flush or per cycle) in the “Consumption” column.
4. Estimated water savings regarding percent savings versus baseline values, gallons per day and gallons per year will be automatically calculated.

502 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
APPENDIX M - PEAK WATER DEMAND CALCULATOR
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
that are listed below
Chapter/Section

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 503

504 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
APPENDIX M
PEAK WATER DEMAND CALCULATOR
The provisions contained in this appendix are not mandatory unless specifically adopted by a state agency, or referenced in the
adopting ordinance.

M 101.0 General. for the fixture branch or riser in Column [B] of the Water
M 101.1 Applicability. This appendix provides a method for Demand Calculator and run Calculator. The flow rate for one
estimating the demand load for the building water supply and fixture branch and one fixture supply shall be the design flow
principal branches for single- and multi-family dwellings with rate of the fixture according to Table M 102.1.
water-conserving plumbing fixtures, fixture fittings, and M 102.5 Continuous Supply Demand. Continuous supply
appliances. demands in gallons per minute (gpm) for lawn sprinklers, air
conditioners, hose bibbs, etc., shall be added to the total esti-
mated demand for the building supply as determined by Sec-
M 102.0 Demand Load.
tion M 102.3. Where there is more than one hose bibb installed
M 102.1 Water-Conserving Fixtures. Plumbing fixtures, on the plumbing system, the demand for only one hose bibb
fixture fittings, and appliances shall not exceed the design shall be added to the total estimated demand for the building
flow rate in Table M 102.1. supply. Where a hose bibb is installed on a fixture branch, the
demand of the hose bibb shall be added to the design flow rate
TABLE M 102.1 for the fixture branch as determined by Section M 102.4.
DESIGN FLOW RATE FOR WATER-CONSERVING PLUMBING
FIXTURES AND APPLIANCES IN RESIDENTIAL OCCUPANCIES M 102.6 Other Fixtures. Fixtures not included in Table M
MAXIMUM DESIGN 102.1 shall be added in Rows 12 through 14 in the Water
FIXTURE AND APPLIANCE FLOW RATE Demand Calculator as Other Fixture. The probability of use
(gallons per minute)
and flow rate for Other Fixtures shall be added by selecting
Bar Sink 1.5 the comparable probability of use and flow rate from Columns
Bathtub 5.5 [C] and [E].
Bidet 2.0 M 102.7 Size of Water Piping per Appendix A. Except
Clothes Washer* 3.5 as provided in Section M 102.0 for estimating the demand
Combination Bath/Shower 5.5 load for single- and multi-family dwellings, the size of each
Dishwasher* 1.3 water piping system shall be determined in accordance with
Kitchen Faucet 2.2 the procedure set forth in Appendix A. After determining the
Laundry Faucet (with aerator) 2.0 permissible friction loss per 100 feet (30 480 mm) of pipe in
Lavatory Faucet 1.5
accordance with Section A 104.0 and the demand flow in
accordance with the Water Demand Calculator, the diameter
Shower, per head 2.0
of the building supply pipe, branches and risers shall be
Water Closet, 1.28 GPF Gravity Tank 3.0 obtained from Chart A 105.1(1) through Chart A 105.1(7),
For SI units: 1 gallon per minute = 0.06 L/s whichever is applicable, in accordance with Section A 105.0
* Clothes washers and dishwashers shall have an energy star label.
and Section A 106.0. Velocities shall be in accordance with
Section A 107.0. Appendix I (IS 31), Figure 3 and Figure 4
shall be permitted when sizing PEX systems.
M 102.2 Water Demand Calculator. The estimated design
flow rate for the building supply and principal branches and M 102.7.1 Minimum Fixture Branch Size. The min-
risers shall be determined by the IAPMO Water Demand imum fixture branch size shall be 1/2 inch (15 mm) in
Calculator available for download at http://www.iapmo.org/ diameter.
WEStand/Pages/WaterDemandCalculator.aspx
M 102.3 Meter and Building Supply. To determine the
design flow rate for the water meter and building supply,
enter the total number of indoor plumbing fixtures and appli-
ances for the building in Column [B] of the Water Demand
Calculator and run Calculator. See Table M 102.3 for an
example.
M 102.4 Fixture Branches and Fixture Supplies. To
determine the design flow rate for fixture branches and risers,
enter the total number of plumbing fixtures and appliances

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 505

APPENDIX M

TABLE M 102.3
WATER DEMAND CALCULATOR EXAMPLE
[B] [C] [D] [E]
[A]
ENTER NUMBER OF PROBABILITY ENTER FIXTURE MAXIMUM RECOMMENDED
FIXTURE
FIXTURES OF USE (%) FLOW RATE (GPM) FIXTURE FLOW RATE (GPM)
1 Bar Sink 0 2.0 1.5 1.5
2 Bathtub 0 1.0 5.5 5.5
3 Bidet 0 1.0 2.0 2.0
4 Clothes Washer 1 5.5 3.5 3.5
5 Combination Bath/Shower 1 5.5 5.5 5.5
6 Dishwasher 1 0.5 1.3 1.3
7 Kitchen Faucet 1 2.0 2.2 2.2
8 Laundry Faucet 0 2.0 2.0 2.0
9 Lavatory Faucet 1 2.0 1.5 1.5
10 Shower, per head 0 4.5 2.0 2.0
11 Water Closet, 1.28 GPF Gravity Tank 1 1.0 3.0 3.0
12 Other Fixture 1 0 0.0 0.0 6.0
13 Other Fixture 2 0 0.0 0.0 6.0
14 Other Fixture 3 0 0.0 0.0 6.0
Total Number of Fixtures 6 RUN WATER DEMAND
RESET
CALCULATOR
99th Percentile Demand Flow = 8.5 GPM
For SI units: 1 gallon per minute = 0.66 L/s, 1 gallon = 3.785 L

M 102.8 Examples Illustrating Use of Water Demand Calculator with Appendix A.

Example 1: Indoor Water Use Only – Use the information given below to find the pipe size for the building supply to a res-
idential building with six indoor fixtures as shown in Figure 1 [Pipe Section 4].
Given Information:
Type of construction: Residential, one-bathroom Friction loss per 100 ft (30 480 mm): 15 psi (103 kPa)
Type of pipe material: L-copper Maximum velocity: 10 ft/s (3.05 m/s)
1 combination bath/shower 1 kitchen faucet 1 lavatory faucet
Fixture number/type:
1 dishwasher 1 WC 1 clothes washer

Solution: Step 1 of 2 – Find Demand Load for the Build-

ing Supply.
The Water Demand Calculator [WDC] in Figure 2 is used to
determine the demand load expected from indoor water use.
The WDC has white-shaded cells and light gray-shaded cells.
The values in the light gray cells are derived from a national
survey of indoor water use at homes with efficient fixtures
and cannot be changed.
The white-shaded cells accept input from the designer.
For instance, fixture counts from the given information are
entered in Column [B]; the corresponding recommended fix-
ture flow rates are already provided in Column [D]. The flow
rates in Column [D] may be reduced only if the manufacturer
specifies a lower flow rate for the fixture. Column [E] estab-
lishes the upper limits for the flow rates entered into Column
[D]. Clicking the Run Water Demand Calculator button gives
8.5 gpm (0.54 L/s) as the estimated indoor water demand for
the whole building. This result appears in the dark gray box
FIGURE 1
of the WDC in Figure 2.
RESIDENTIAL BUILDING WITH SIX INDOOR FIXTURES

506 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

APPENDIX M

[B] [C] [D] [E]

[A]
ENTER NUMBER OF PROBABILITY ENTER FIXTURE MAXIMUM RECOMMENDED FIX-
FIXTURE
FIXTURES OF USE (%) FLOW RATE (GPM) TURE FLOW RATE (GPM)
1 Bar Sink 0 2.0 1.5 1.5
2 Bathtub 0 1.0 5.5 5.5
3 Bidet 0 1.0 2.0 2.0
4 Clothes Washer 1 5.5 3.5 3.5
5 Combination Bath/Shower 1 5.5 5.5 5.5
6 Dishwasher 1 0.5 1.3 1.3
7 Kitchen Faucet 1 2.0 2.2 2.2
8 Laundry Faucet 0 2.0 2.0 2.0
9 Lavatory Faucet 1 2.0 1.5 1.5
10 Shower, per head 0 4.5 2.0 2.0
11 Water Closet, 1.28 GPF Gravity Tank 1 1.0 3.0 3.0
12 Other Fixture 1 0 0.0 0.0 6.0
13 Other Fixture 2 0 0.0 0.0 6.0
14 Other Fixture 3 0 0.0 0.0 6.0
Total Number of Fixtures 6 RUN WATER DEMAND
RESET
CALCULATOR
99th Percentile Demand Flow = 8.5 GPM
For SI units: 1 gallon per minute = 0.66 L/s, 1 gallon = 3.785 L
FIGURE 2
WATER DEMAND CALCULATOR FOR INDOOR USE AT HOME WITH SIX EFFICIENT FIXTURES (EXAMPLE 1).

Solution: Step 2 of 2 – Determine the Pipe Size of the intersects four nominal sizes for L-copper pipe. These inter-
Building Supply. section points are labeled B, C, D, E and correspond to pipe
Chart A 105.1(1) for copper piping systems (from Appendix sizes of 1 inch (25 mm), 3/4 inch (20 mm), 1/2 inch (15 mm)
A of the UPC, shown in Figure 3) is used to determine the and 3/8 inch (10 mm), respectively. A horizontal line from
pipe size, based on given friction loss, given maximum allow- points B, C, D, E to the right-hand side of the chart gives max-
able pipe velocity, given pipe material and the demand load imum flow rates of 24 gpm (1.5 L/s), 12 gpm (0.757 L/s), 4.5
computed in Step 1. In Figure 3, the intersection of the given gpm (0.28 L/s), and 2.3 gpm (0.145 L/s), respectively. These
friction loss (15 psi) (103 kPa) and the maximum allowable results are summarized in Table 1 which shows that a 3/4 inch
pipe velocity (10 ft/s) (3.05 m/s) is labeled point A. The ver- (20 mm) type L copper line is the minimum size that can con-
tical line that descends from point A to the base of the chart vey the peak water demand of 8.5 gpm (0.54 L/s).

TABLE 1
PIPE SIZE OPTIONS FOR BUILDING SUPPLY
PIPE DIAMETER MAXIMUM FLOW
POINT IN FIGURE 3 OK FOR BUILDING SUPPLY*
(INCH) (GPM)
E 3
/8 2.3 No
D 1
/2 4.5 No
C 3
/4 12 Yes
B 1 24 Yes
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 gallon per minute = 0.06 L/s
* For Building in Examples 1, 2, 3, and 4.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 507

APPENDIX M

CHART A 105.1(1)

FLOW (gallons per minute)

FRICTION LOSS IN HEAD (pounds-force per square inch) PER 100-FOOT LENGTH
FIGURE 3
CHART A 105.1(1) FOR FINDING PIPE SIZE
For SI units: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 gallon per minute = 0.06 L/s), 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa

Example 2: Indoor and Outdoor Water Use – Find the pipe Solution: Step 1 of 2 – Find Demand Load for the Build-
size for the building supply [Figure 1, Pipe Section 4] if the ing Supply.
building in Example 1 adds two outdoor fixtures (hose bibb, The WDC has been developed exclusively for peak indoor
each with a fixture flow of 2.0 gpm) (0.13 L/s). water use which can be viewed as a high-frequency short dura-

508 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

APPENDIX M

tion process. Because fixtures for outdoor water use may oper- As illustrated in Example 2, the hose bibb will increase the
ate continuously for very long periods, they are not included in total demand for the whole house to 13 gpm (0.820 L/s).
the WDC. To account for water use from one or more outdoor Note that a reset button is provided to clear any numbers
fixtures, add the demand of the single outdoor fixture with the in Column [B] from a previous calculation.
highest flowrate to the calculated demand for indoor water use.
Solution: Step 2 of 2 – Determine the Pipe Size of the
With two hose bibbs, the demand of only one hose bibb is
Building Supply.
included. Hence, in this example, the total demand for the whole
house is 8.5 gpm (0.54 L/s) + 2.0 gpm (0.13 L/s) = 10.5 gpm Table 1 shows that at 13 gpm (0.820 L/s) the building sup-
(0.662 L/s). ply shall be 1inch (25 mm) in diameter.
Solution: Step 2 of 2 – Determine the Pipe Size of the
Building Supply. Example 4: Sizing Branches and Risers – For individual hot
Table 1 shows that at 10.5 gpm (0.662 L/s) the building sup- and cold branches, repeat Steps 1 and 2. For example, for the
ply shall be 3/4 inch (20 mm) in diameter. hot water branch at the water heater [Figure 1, Pipe Section 3],
enter all the fixtures and appliances that use hot water into the
Water Demand Calculator (toilets will be excluded) as seen
Example 3: Indoor, Outdoor and Other Fixture Water Use in Figure 5. Use the calculated demand load to find the pipe
– Find the pipe size for the water supply [Figure 1, Pipe Section size in Step 2. Table 1 shows that at 7.7 (0.49 L/s) gpm, the hot
4] if the building in Example 2 adds a kitchen pot filler and a water branch shall be 3/4 inch (20 mm) in diameter.
dog bath each with a faucet flow rate of 5.5 gpm (0.35 L/s). For each additional hot and cold branch [Figure 1, Pipe
Solution: Step 1 of 2 – Find Demand Load for the Build- Sections 1 and 2], enter the number of fixtures and appliances
ing Supply. served by that branch into the WDC and use that demand in
The kitchen pot filler and dog bath are not listed in Column Step 2 to determine the branch size. If the branch serves a
[A] of the WDC. To accommodate cases such as this, the hose bibb, add the demand of the hose bibb to the calculated
WDC provides up to three additional rows for “Other Fix- demand flow for the branch. As discussed in Example 2, the
tures”. Enter the kitchen pot filler and dog bath in Column hose bibb is not to be entered into WDC, since the Calcula-
[A] of the WDC and enter the fixture count for each in Col- tor is for indoor uses only.
umn [B]. Find an indoor fixture that has a similar probability When there is only one fixture or appliance served by a
of use in Column [C] and add that to the column. Finally, fixture branch, the demand flow shall not exceed the fixture
enter the flow rate of the kitchen pot filler and dog bath in flow rate in Column [E] of the Water Demand Calculator.
Column [D]. The estimated indoor water demand for the The fixture flow rate would be used in Step 2 to determine
whole building is 11 gpm, as shown in the WDC in Figure 4. the size of the fixture branch and supply.

[B] [C] [D] [E]

[A]
ENTER NUMBER OF PROBABILITY ENTER FIXTURE MAXIMUM RECOMMENDED FIX-
FIXTURE
FIXTURES OF USE (%) FLOW RATE (GPM) TURE FLOW RATE (GPM)

1 Bar Sink 0 2.0 1.5 1.5

2 Bathtub 0 1.0 5.5 5.5
3 Bidet 0 1.0 2.0 2.0
4 Clothes Washer 1 5.5 3.5 3.5
5 Combination Bath/Shower 1 5.5 5.5 5.5
6 Dishwasher 1 0.5 1.3 1.3
7 Kitchen Faucet 1 2.0 2.2 2.2
8 Laundry Faucet 0 2.0 2.0 2.0
9 Lavatory Faucet 1 2.0 1.5 1.5
10 Shower, per head 0 4.5 2.0 2.0
11 Water Closet, 1.28 GPF Gravity Tank 1 1.0 3.0 3.0
12 Pot Filler 1 2.0 5.5 6.0
13 Dog Bath 1 1.0 5.5 6.0
14 Other Fixture 3 0 0.0 0.0 6.0
Total Number of Fixtures 8 RUN WATER DEMAND
RESET
CALCULATOR
99th Percentile Demand Flow = 11.0 GPM
For SI units: 1 gallon per minute = 0.66 L/s, 1 gallon = 3.785 L
FIGURE 4
WATER DEMAND CALCULATOR TO ACCOMMODATE OTHER FIXTURES (EXAMPLE 3).

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 509

APPENDIX M

[B] [C] [D] [E]

[A]
ENTER NUMBER OF PROBABILITY ENTER FIXTURE MAXIMUM RECOMMENDED FIX-
FIXTURE
FIXTURES OF USE (%) FLOW RATE (GPM) TURE FLOW RATE (GPM)
1 Bar Sink 0 2.0 1.5 1.5
2 Bathtub 0 1.0 5.5 5.5
3 Bidet 0 1.0 2.0 2.0
4 Clothes Washer 1 5.5 3.5 3.5
5 Combination Bath/Shower 1 5.5 5.5 5.5
6 Dishwasher 1 0.5 1.3 1.3
7 Kitchen Faucet 1 2.0 2.2 2.2
8 Laundry Faucet 0 2.0 2.0 2.0
9 Lavatory Faucet 1 2.0 1.5 1.5
10 Shower, per head 0 4.5 2.0 2.0
11 Water Closet, 1.28 GPF Gravity Tank 0 1.0 3.0 3.0
12 Other Fixture 1 0 0.0 0.0 6.0
13 Other Fixture 2 0 0.0 0.0 6.0
14 Other Fixture 3 0 0.0 0.0 6.0
Total Number of Fixtures 5 RUN WATER DEMAND
RESET
CALCULATOR
99th Percentile Demand Flow = 7.7 GPM
For SI units: 1 gallon per minute = 0.66 L/s, 1 gallon = 3.785 L
FIGURE 5
WATER DEMAND CALCULATOR FOR THE HOT WATER BRANCH (EXAMPLE 4).

510 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
APPENDIX N - IMPACT OF WATER TEMPERATURE ON THE POTENTIAL FOR SCALDING AND LEGIONELLA GROWTH
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

BSC- HCD DSA OSHPD

Adopting Agency BSC
CG
SFM BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
1 2 1-AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5

Adopt Entire Chapter

Adopt Entire Chapter as
amended (amended sections
listed below)
Adopt only those sections
that are listed below
Chapter/Section

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 511

512 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
APPENDIX N
IMPACT OF WATER TEMPERATURE ON THE POTENTIAL FOR SCALDING
AND LEGIONELLA GROWTH
The provisions contained in this appendix are not mandatory unless specifically adopted by a state agency, or referenced in the
adopting ordinance.

N 101.0 General. refurbishment, replacement, or repurposing of an occupiable

N 101.1 Applicability. This appendix provides guidelines building water system and shall be submitted to the Author-
on the impact of water temperature in minimizing both scald- ity Having Jurisdiction.
ing and Legionella growth potential associated with occupi-
able commercial, institutional, multi-unit residential, and N 104.0 Potential Exposure.
industrial building plumbing systems.
N 104.1 Legionella Growth Potential. The Authority
This appendix shall not include single-family residential Having Jurisdiction shall have the authority to require docu-
buildings. This appendix shall not be considered a risk man- mentation to address Legionella growth potential, where
agement guidance document for scalding or Legionella. water temperatures in a water distribution system are within
Note: Published documents which address Legionella risk ranges shown in Table N 104.1 that pose a Legionella growth
management include ASHRAE 188, ASHRAE Guideline 12, potential.
or as required by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. N 104.2 Scald Potential. Where the water distribution sys-
There are additional factors associated with the potential tem’s water temperature(s) range poses a scald potential in
for scalding and Legionella growth other than temperature. accordance with Table N 104.1, protection shall be provided
For scalding potential, other factors include, but are not in accordance with Chapter 4.
limited to, user age, health, body part, length of contact time,
and water source.
N 105.0 Disinfection.
For Legionella growth potential other factors include, but
are not limited to, water source and plumbing system: size, N 105.1 Disinfection Documentation. Where required
design, circulation rate, water age, disinfectant residual, pip- by the Authority Having Jurisdiction, documentation for dis-
ing material and component complexity. infection of all building water systems shall be provided by
the registered design professional in the construction docu-
ments.
N 102.0 Definitions. Methods for new construction and any repaired system
N 102.1 Cold Water. Water at a temperature less than 77°F disinfection shall include, but not be limited to, the chlorina-
(25°C). tion methods and procedures for flushing and disinfection in
N 102.2 Tepid Cold Water. Water at a temperature not less accordance with Section 609.10.
than 77°F (25°C) and less than 85°F (29°C). Other or alternative water treatment methods for disin-
N 102.3 Tepid Water. Water at a temperature not less than fection shall include, but not be limited to, one of the follow-
85°F (29°C) and less than 110°F (43°C). ing methods:
N 102.4 Warm Water. Water at a temperature not less than (1) Copper-silver ionization methods and procedures,
110°F (43°C) and less than 120°F (49°C). including the following documentation.
N 102.5 Tempered Hot Water. Water at a temperature not (a) Copper and silver ionization concentrations shall be
less than 120°F (49°C) and less than 130°F (54°C). included in the documentation.
N 102.6 Hot Water. Water at a temperature not less than (b) Methods and documentation for monitoring ion lev-
130°F (54°C) and less than 140°F (60°C). els.
N 102.7 Very Hot Water. Water at a temperature not less (c) Electrode cleaning cycles and methods shall be
than 140°F (60°C) and less than 160°F (71°C). reported.
N 102.8 Disinfecting Hot Water. Water at a temperature (2) Ultraviolet light methods shall include the following doc-
not less than 160°F (71°C). umentation:
N 102.9 Legionella Growth Potential. The likelihood (a) Locations of ultraviolet light units.
that Legionella bacteria will reproduce.
(b) Cleaning cycles and methods of the quartz sleeves
N 102.10 Scald Potential. The likelihood of burning the skin. and housing shall be documented.

N 103.0 Building Water System Design Documenta-

tion.
N 103.1 Required Documentation. Construction docu-
ments shall be required for new construction, renovation,

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 513

APPENDIX N

TABLE N 104.1
CORRELATION BETWEEN TEMPERATURE RANGES, LEGIONELLA, AND SCALD POTENTIAL
WATER LEGIONELLA
TEMPERATURE (°F) SCALD POTENTIAL1
DESCRIPTION GROWTH POTENTIAL2
Cold <77 None Minimal
Tepid Cold ≥77 and <85 None Low
Tepid None
≥85 and <110 Hyperthermia is possible after long exposure in a High
bathtub or whirlpool tub.
Warm Minimal
≥110 and <120 Moderate
At 111°F, greater than 220 minutes for second-degree burn.
Tempered Hot Low
At 120°F, greater than 5 minutes for second-degree burn,
≥120 and <130 and 10 minutes to third-degree burn; Low
At 124°F, two minutes for second-degree burn,
and 4 minutes, 10 seconds for third-degree burn.
Hot Moderate to High
≥130 and <140 At 130°F, 18 seconds for second-degree burn, None
and 30 seconds for third-degree burn.
Very Hot High
At 140°F, three seconds for second-degree burn,
and 5 seconds for third-degree burn;
≥140 and <160 At 150°F, instant for second-degree burn, None
and less than two seconds for third-degree burn;
At 158°F, instant for second-degree burn,
and less than a second for third-degree burn.
Disinfecting Hot ≥160 Immediate None
For SI units: °C = (°F-32)/1.8
Notes:
1
The infant, elderly, and infirmed have a higher potential for scalding at temperatures lower than listed.
2
Temperature ranges reported are experimentally determined in a laboratory setting in the absence of a realistic microbial community. Legionella can survive
for longer periods of time at temperatures higher and lower than the growth temperature ranges indicated due to changes in their metabolic state and/or pro-
tection from thermal disinfection within biofilm or amoeba host organisms.

514 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

MULTIPLICATION FACTOR PREFIX SYMBOL

1 000 000 000 000 000 000 = E+18 exa E

1 000 000 000 000 000 = E+15 peta P
1 000 000 000 000 = E+12 tera T
1 000 000 000 = E+09 giga G
1 000 000 = E+06 mega M
1 000 = E+03 kilo k
100 = E+02 hecto h
10 = E+01 deka da
0.1 = E-01 deci d
0.01 = E-02 centi c
0.001 = E-03 milli m
0.000 001 = E-06 micro µ
0.000 000 001 = E-09 nano n
0.000 000 000 001 = E-12 pico p
0.000 000 000 000 001 = E-15 femto f
0.000 000 000 000 000 001 = E-18 atto a

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 519

USEFUL TABLES

FLOW IN GALLONS PER MINUTE CONVERTED TO FIXTURE UNITS FOR

GRAVITY FLUSH TANKS AND FLUSHOMETERS

These tables may be interpolated

FIXTURE UNITS FIXTURE UNITS FIXTURE UNITS

FLOW FLOW FLOW
GPM FLUSH VALVE FLUSHOMETER GPM FLUSH VALVE FLUSHOMETER GPM FLUSH VALVE FLUSHOMETER
TANKS VALVES TANKS VALVES TANKS VALVES
1 0 — 43 99 33 125 506 396
2 1 — 44 103 35 130 533 430
3 3 — 45 107 37 135 559 460
4 4 — 46 111 39 140 585 490
5 6 — 47 115 42 145 611 521
6 7 — 48 119 44 150 638 559
7 8 — 49 123 46 155 665 596
8 10 — 50 127 48 160 692 631
9 12 — 51 130 50 165 719 666
10 13 — 52 135 52 170 748 700
11 15 — 53 141 54 175 778 739
12 16 — 54 146 57 180 809 775
13 18 — 55 151 60 185 840 811
14 20 — 56 155 63 190 874 850
15 21 — 57 160 66 200 945 931
16 23 — 58 165 69 210 1018 1009
17 24 — 59 170 73 220 1091 1091
18 26 — 60 175 76 230 1173 1173
19 28 — 62 185 82 240 1254 1254
20 30 — 64 195 88 250 1335 1335
21 32 — 66 205 95 260 1418 1418
22 34 5 68 215 102 270 1500 1500
23 36 6 70 225 108 280 1598 1598
24 39 7 72 236 116 290 1668 1668
25 42 8 74 245 124 300 1755 1755
26 44 9 76 254 132 310 1845 1845
27 46 10 78 264 140 320 1926 1926
28 49 11 80 275 148 330 2018 2018
29 51 12 82 284 158 340 2110 2110
30 54 13 84 294 168 350 2204 2204
31 56 14 86 305 176 360 2298 2298
32 58 15 88 315 186 370 2388 2388
33 60 16 90 325 195 380 2480 2480
34 63 18 92 337 205 390 2575 2575
35 66 20 94 348 214 400 2670 2670
36 69 21 96 359 223 410 2765 2765
37 74 23 98 370 234 420 2862 2862
38 78 25 100 380 245 430 2960 2960
39 83 26 105 406 270 440 3060 3060
40 86 28 110 431 295 450 3150 3150
41 90 30 115 455 329 500 3620 3620
42 95 31 120 479 365

520 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

USEFUL TABLES

AREAS AND CIRCUMFERENCES OF CIRCLES

DIAMETER CIRCUMFERENCE AREA

Inches mm Inches mm Inches

2 mm2
1⁄8 6 0.40 10 0.01227 8.0
1⁄4 8 0.79 20 0.04909 31.7
3⁄8 10 1.18 30 0.11045 71.3
1⁄2 15 1.57 40 0.19635 126.7
3⁄4 20 2.36 60 0.44179 285.0
1 25 3.14 80 0.7854 506.7
11⁄4 32 3.93 100 1.2272 791.7
11⁄2 40 4.71 120 1.7671 1140.1
2 50 6.28 160 3.1416 2026.8
21⁄2 65 7.85 200 4.9087 3166.9
3 80 9.43 240 7.0686 4560.4
4 100 12.55 320 12.566 8107.1
5 125 15.71 400 19.635 12 667.7
6 150 18.85 480 28.274 18 241.3
7 175 21.99 560 38.485 24 828.9
8 200 25.13 640 50.265 32 428.9
9 225 28.27 720 63.617 41 043.1
10 250 31.42 800 78.540 50 670.9

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 521

USEFUL TABLES

FRICTION LOSS PER FOOT LENGTH

[SCHEDULE 80 PVC EXCEEDING CHART A105.1(7)]

The following formula should be used for where Schedule 80 IPS CPVC sizes 2½” through 10” exceed Chart A 105.1(7):

Head loss formula: HL = 0.2083 (100/C) 1.852 x Q 1.852 / dI 4.8655

Where: HL = frictional head loss (feet of water per 100 feet)

544 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

INDEX

TYPE BW GAS VENTS . . . . . . . .224.0, Table 509.4, 509.6.1, USER OUTLET, DEFINITION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .223.0
TYPE L GAS VENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .224.0, Table 509.4,
509.6.1, 509.6.2.2, –V –
Table 509.7.3.4(1), 509.10.1.1, VACUUM BREAKERS . . . . . . . . . . . .224.0, 412.2, 601.3.4,
509.10.1.2, 509.10.12 Table 603.2, 603.3.2,
603.3.5, 603.3.6, 603.4.4,
603.5.1, 603.5.5, 603.5.6,
–U–
603.5.7, 603.5.9, 603.5.13,
UNDERGROUND
603.5.15, 603.5.16, 1303.5,
Backflow prevention devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .603.4.9 C 501.3, E 505.4, E 506.1
Building storm drains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1101.4.4 VACUUM DRAINAGE SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C 501.0
Drainage piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .701.2, VACUUM RELIEF VALVES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .224.0, 504.6,
Table 701.2, 720.0 608.7, 1602.9
Fuel gas piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1203.2, 1208.6.3.3, VACUUM SYSTEM –
1208.6.4.4, 1210.1, LEVEL 1, DEFINITION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .224.0
E 401.2, E 402.2, E 403.7, VALIDITY OF CODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101.5
E 403.8, E 403.8.4 VALVES
Gray water piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1503.9.2 Backwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .204.0, 710.1, 710.3,
710.6, 1006.1, 1503.2.3,
Medical gas and
1503.9.1, 1603.10,
medical vacuum piping . . . . . . . . . . .1323.2, 1323.5.1
K 105.4
Stop-and-waste valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .603.5.17
Ball . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .606.1, 606.4, 710.4, 710.6
Storm water piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1101.4, 1101.4.2 Bathtub filler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .409.5
Tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1503.9.1, 1603.9, Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .603.5.10, 608.3, 710.4,
E 403.11, K 105.0 710.12.1, 710.13.2,
Unions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .315.1 1004.2, 1208.12.1,
Vent material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .903.1, 903.2 1309.11, 1311.5,
Water piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .604.3, 609.9, 1506.9.4 1313.5, F 701.3
UNIONS Combination stop-and-waste . . . . . . . . . . . . . .603.5.17
Dielectric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .605.15, 605.16.1, 605.16.3 Combination temperature
and pressure-relief . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .505.2, 608.3
Fuel gas piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1212.6, E 404.2
Combination thermostatic/
Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .315.1, 609.5, 710.6
pressure balancing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .205.0, 408.3
Medical gas and
Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .408.9, 601.2.1, 606.5, 606.6,
medical vacuum piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1322.7 1303.1, 1306.2, C 501.3
Sump pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1101.6.2 Diaphragm-type . . . . . . . . . . .507.22, 1208.8.4, 1208.12
Where allowed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .315.1 Excess flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .207.0, 1209.0
UNIT LOADING OF TRAPS . . . . . . . .702.1, Table 702.1(1) Flow balancing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L 501.7
UNITS, FIXTURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(see Fixture, units) Flush, definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .208.0
UNLAWFUL CONNECTIONS . . . . . . .404.2, 602.0, 1205.2 Flushometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .208.0, 411.2.2, 413.1,
UNSANITARY, DEFINITION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .223.0 413.2, 601.2, 603.5.1,
UPC, DEFINITION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .223.0 610.10, Table 610.10,
A 104.1, L 402.2.2
URINALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .402.5, 402.6, 405.2, 412.1,
Fullway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .606.2, 710.6
412.1.3, 412.1.4, 412.1.4.1, 412.2,
Gate . . . . . . . . . . . . . .606.1, 606.4, 710.3, 710.4, 710.6
413.0, 418.3, 601.2, 603.5.1,
Gray water diverter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1503.2.2
603.5.2, 707.4, 710.3, 910.7,
Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .310.7
1003.1, 1014.1, 1014.3.2.1, Isolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .224.0, F 501.7, F 601.5.1,
1501.9, 1505.1, 1506.1, 1506.9.2, F 701.3, F 801.6
1506.9.5, 1602.1, 1603.10, 1603.15, Mixing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .417.5
1603.19, 1604.2, E 501.2, Pre-rinse spray . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .420.3, L 201.0,
E 501.5, K 105.11, L 402.3 Table L 402.1, L 402.8
USE OF ALTERNATE MATERIAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .301.3 Pressure-balancing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .218.0, 408.3

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 545

INDEX

Pressure-reducing . . . . . . . . . . . .1504.5.2(6), 1603.14, Continuous, definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .205.0

A 107.2, E 403.13, Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .224.0
F 701.3, K 105.11 Distance of trap from . . . . . . . . . . .1002.2, Table 1002.2
Pressure-relief . . . . . . . . . . .504.4, 504.6, 505.2, 507.9, Double fitting for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .704.2, 905.6
607.5, 608.2 – 608.6, Engineered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .912.0
1208.11.4, 1306.2 1308.2, Expansion joints . . . . . . . . . . .705.9.2, 1101.5, 1213.2.2
1308.3, 1309.5, 1310.3, Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .701.2, Table 701.2, 903.1
1310.4, 1315.15, 1316.1, Fixtures, back-to-back . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .704.2, 905.6
1324.4, 1324.5, 1327.7.1, Flagpoling, prohibited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .906.3
E 302.5, E 302.6, F 501.8, Flashing for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .312.8, 701.5, 906.1,
F 701.3 906.5, 906.6
Quick-acting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .609.11 Frost or snow closure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .906.7
Riser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .224.0, 1314.8, Grade of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .905.1, 905.3, 911.4
1323.14.4 Height above fixture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .905.3
Seals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1505.8.1 Height above grade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .906.4
Service . . . . . . . . .224.0, 1314.9, 1323.14.5, E 402.4.2 Horizontal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Table 703.2, 904.2, 905.3
Shutoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .504.6, 606.2, 606.3, Indirect waste . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .803.3, 805.1, 902.1
606.6, 608.4, 609.9, Individual, definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .211.0
710.12.1, 1202.1, 1203.3.2, Interceptors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .902.1, 1009.4, 1014.1.1,
1208.12, 1208.13, 1014.2.2, 1016.4, 1017.1
1210.3.3.1, 1210.8.2, Island sinks and fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .909.0
1210.9 – 1210.9.4, 1210.11, Length of . . . . . . . . . . .Table 702.1, Table 703.2, 904.0
1210.12.5, 1212.3.1, 1212.3.2, Material for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .701.0, Table 701.2,
1212.5.3, 1212.6, 1212.7, 811.2, 903.0, 1503.9.2
1213.2.5, 1213.6.1.4, 1310.3.2, Method of installation . . . . . .310.5, 903.3, 906.2, 906.4
1312.2, 1314.6, 1323.14, Not required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .902.0
1327.2, 1503.9.1, E 302.3, Not to be used as
E 402.3, E 402.4.2, E 403.0,
soil or waste pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .310.4
E 403.9, E 403.13, E 404.5,
Opening location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .905.5, 1002.4
E 505.4, E 506.1, F 601.1,
Parallel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .907.1
K 105.4, L 402.3.1, L 404.6,
Piping, support of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Table 313.3
L 410.3, L 413.4
Prohibited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .310.4, 903.1, 903.2.2
Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1505.8.2
Relief . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .220.0, 805.0,
Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .224.0, 1314.6, 1314.7,
907.0, 911.3, 1009.4
1323.14.2, 1324.5.4.2
Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .901.2, 904.1
Temperature relief . . . . . . . . . . . . . .504.5, 504.6, 505.2
Required separately
Thermostatic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .222.0, 408.3
on every trap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .901.2, 1002.1, 1002.2
Vacuum interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C 501.2.4
Sizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Table 702.1, 703.0, Table 703.2,
Vacuum relief . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .224.0, 504.6,
904.0, 908.1.1, 908.1.2,
607.5, 608.7, 1505.10,
908.2.2, 910.4, C 401.0,
1506.9.3, 1602.9
Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .224.0, 1314.4 Table C 401.1, C 601.2
VENT, PLUMBING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Chapter 9 Special . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .909.0
Below trap weir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .905.5, 1002.4 Stack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .224.0, 906.1,
Branch, definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .204.0 907.0, C 401.2, C 601.2
Buildings over 10 stories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .907.1 Sump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .710.7, 710.10, 710.13.3,
Changes in direction of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .903.3 810.1, Table 810.1
Chemical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .811.2, 811.5, 811.6 System, definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .224.0
Combination waste and Termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .905.4, 906.0
vent system design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .205.0, 910.0, Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .712.0, 1504.10
Appendix B Trap seal protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .901.3, 1002.0
Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . .310.2, 805.0, Table 810.1, Undiminished in
905.1, 905.2, 908.1.2, size through roof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .905.4, 907.1
908.2.1, 911.2, 1503.2.2 Unit loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Table 703.2

546 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

INDEX

Wet, Horizontal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .908.2 Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .601.3

Wet, Vertical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .908.1 Lead content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .604.2, 604.2.1
Yoke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .227.0, 907.0 Nonpotable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .603.5.11, 1506.6,
VENTILATING HOODS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .509.2.4, 509.3.4 1506.9.5, L 408.1
VERTICAL-TO-HORIZONTAL Rainwater, material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1101.4
DRAINAGE FITTINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .706.4 Reclaimed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1602.4
VERTICAL WET VENTING . . . . . . . . . . . . .(see Wet vents) Storm water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(see Storm drainage)
VIOLATION, NOTICES OF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106.2 Submeters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .601.2.2
VITRIFIED CLAY PIPE . . . . . . . . .701.2, Table 701.2, 705.8, Supply piping material . . . . . . . . . . . .604.1, Table 604.1
811.2, Table 1101.4.6 Treatment units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .611.0
WATER CLOSETS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .411.0
–W – Approved standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .411.1
WALL, EXTENSION THROUGH . . . . .312.1, 509.6.1, 509.8 Clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .402.5
WALL-HUNG FIXTURES, Compartments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E 501.3.2, E 501.3.3
INSTALLATION OF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .402.4, 402.6 Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .225.0
WASH FOUNTAINS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417.1.1 Effective flush volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .411.2
WASH RACKS, AUTO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1011.0 Flanged fixture Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .402.6
WASTES Floor-mounted, back-outlet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .402.6.3
Anesthetic gas disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1301.2 Flushometer Valve Activated . . . . . . . . . . . . . .411.2.2.1
Chemical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .205.0, 811.0, 903.2.2 Manufactured/Mobile home . . . . . . . . .E 501.2, E 501.3,
Clear water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .205.0, 812.0 E 501.3.1, E 501.6
Condensate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .807.2, 814.0 Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .411.2.3
Continuous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .205.0, 407.5, Prohibited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .405.1, 910.7
408.4, 409.2, 419.2 Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .411.3
Cooling water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .808.0 Water consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .411.2, L 402.2
Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .225.0 WATER-CONSERVING
Detrimental or harmful . . . . . . . . . .305.1, 306.1, 714.1, FIXTURES AND FITTINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . .401.3, L 402.0
811.1, 1009.1, H 901.1 WATER HAMMER ARRESTORS . . . . . . . . . .225.0, 609.11
Flammable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1009.1, H 901.1 WATER HEATERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Chapter 5
Indirect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Chapter 8, 1303.4.1 Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .504.3.1, 507.13.2,
Industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .211.0, 306.0, 801.1, 507.26, 508.4
811.1, 903.2.2 Approval requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .501.1
Liquid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .214.0, 303.0, Approved standards . . . . . .Table 501.1(1), 505.3, 505.4
304.0, 710.2, Clearances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 504.3 – 504.3.2,
811.1, 1006.1, 508.1, 508.2.1
1009.1, H 101.3, Combustion air required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .506.0
H 701.1, H 901.1, L 302.0 Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .604.13
Materials, pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .701.1, 811.2 Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .225.0
Pipe, definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .225.0 Garages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .507.13
Pretreatment required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .811.1, 1014.1 Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .503.2
Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1013.1 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .507.0
Special, definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .221.0 Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .504.1, 507.12 – 507.15
Swimming pools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .813.1 Oil-burning and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .505.0
WATER Permits required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .502.0
Backflow prevention . . . . . . . . . . . . .Table 603.2, 603.3 Pressure-relief valves . . . . . . . . . . .504.4, 504.6, 505.2,
Cross contamination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .601.2, 602.2, 608.2 – 608.5
603.1 – 603.3.10 Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .504.3 – 504.6, 505.2,
Distribution piping material . . . . . . . .604.1, Table 604.1 507.2, 507.8, 507.10,
Distribution system design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .601.1 507.14.1, 507.25
Excessive pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .608.2 Relief valve discharge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .608.5
Hammer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .609.11 Seismic provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .507.2
Heating system requirements for Temperature and
California Energy Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .501.2 pressure-relief valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .504.6, 505.2

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 547

INDEX

Temperature-limiting devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .504.5 WORK, CONCEALED . . . . . . . . . .105.0 – 105.2.1.2, 309.2,

Vents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .509.0, 510.0 402.10, 503.0 – 503.2,
WATER SOFTENERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 611.4, Table 611.4 509.7.3.2, 1004.1,
WATER TESTS 1203.2, 1203.3,
Building sewers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .723.0 1210.4, 1212.3.1,
Drainage and vent systems . . . . . . . . . . . . .105.3, 712.2 1212.5.3, 1213.2.1,
Storm drainage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1107.2.1, 1107.2.3 1303.2, 1323.6, 1406.1
Water supply systems . . . . . . . .105.2.1.1, 105.3, 609.4 WORK, EXISTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102.2, 102.4, 207.0
WATERPROOFING WORKMANSHIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .309.0, 609.1, 1208.6.8
AND WATERTIGHT WRAPPING OF PIPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .609.3,
Building sewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .723.1 1210.3, E 403.6
Cleanouts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .707.3 WROUGHT IRON
(GALVANIZED) . . . . . . . . . .402.6.1, Table 604.1, 604.6,
Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105.3
604.7, 701.2, 707.1, 1101.4,
Drain pans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .507.5
1208.6.3.1, 1208.6.10.5,
Fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .402.2, 408.5, 408.7, 418.2
E 403.5
Flashings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .312.8, 906.5, 1102.3
WYE CONNECTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 414.3, 419.2,
Interceptors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1016.3
706.2 – 706.4,
Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105.3, H 601.4, H 601.6,
707.5, 707.6,
H 601.7, H 601.10,
710.4, 719.4, 907.2,
H 801.4
909.1, 1101.16.2
Openings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .312.8, 312.10.2, 317.1
Sump or receiving tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .710.2, 710.8 –X–
Tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .714.5, 1503.9.1, X-RAY DARKROOMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .811.8
1504.10, 1603.3, H 501.3,
H 1001.2, K 105.2 –Y –
Vacuum drainage systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C 501.8 YOKE VENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .227.0, 907.0
WATER/WASTEWATER
UTILITY, DEFINITION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .225.0 –Z–
WEEP HOLES, SUBDRAIN ZINC ALLOY COMPONENTS . . . . . . . . .406.4, 1208.6.10.5
OF SHOWER STALLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .408.7
WEIGHT OF FLASHING, LEAD . . . . . .701.5, 906.6, 1102.3.1
WEIGHTS AND QUALITY
OF MATERIALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .301.2, 401.2, 604.1,
701.2, 906.6, 1102.3.1
WELDED JOINTS . . . . . . . . . . . . .212.0, 605.13.2, 705.7.2,
1208.6.10.1, 1208.6.10.3,
1322.1, F 1101.2
WELDER, PIPE, DEFINITION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .225.0
WELL, DISTANCE FROM
SEWAGE DISPOSAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . .721.1, Table 721.1,
H 101.8, Table H 101.8
WET VENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .908.0
Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .225.0
Fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .908.2.3, 908.2.4
Horizontal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .908.2, B 101.2, C 601.6
Vent connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .908.2
Vertical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .908.1
WHIRLPOOL BATHTUBS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .225.0, 409.0
WINDOW, TERMINATION
OF VENTS FROM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .906.2
WOODEN SINKS AND TILE
WASH TRAYS OR SINKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .405.3

548 2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

HISTORY NOTE APPENDIX
2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
CALIFORNIA CODE OF REGULATIONS, TITLE 24, PART 5

HISTORY:
For prior code history, see the History Note Appendix to the
California Plumbing Code, 2019 Triennial Edition, effective
January 1, 2020.

1. (BSC 02/21, CEC 03/21, DSA-SS 02/21, DWR 01/21,

HCD 02/21, OSHPD 02/21, SFM 02/21) Adoption by
reference the 2021 Uniform Plumbing Code with neces-
sary amendments to become the 2022 California
Plumbing Code, and repeal of the 2018 edition of the
Uniform Plumbing Code, effective on January 1, 2023.

2022 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 549

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