2001 California Elevator Safety Construction Code

California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 7

PUBLISHED

by

International Conference of Building Officials

5360 WORKMAN MILL ROAD
WHITTIER, CA 90601-2298
(800) 423-6587

COPYRIGHT  2002

by

California Building Standards Commission

2525 NATOMAS PARK DRIVE, SUITE 130
SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA 95833-2936
(916) 263-0916

PRINTED IN THE U.S.A.

 Preface
This document is Part 7 of the official 2001 triennial compilation and publication of the adoptions, amendments, and repeal of build-
ing regulations to the California Code of Regulations, Title 24, also referred to as the California Building Standards Code. This part
is known as the California Elevator Safety Construction Code.

The California Building Standards Code is published in its entirety every three years by order of the California legislature, with
supplements published in intervening years. The California legislature delegated authority to various state agencies, boards, com-
missions, and departments to create building regulations to implement the state’s statutes. These building standards have the same
force of law, and take effect 180 days after publication, unless otherwise stipulated. The California Building Standards Code applies
to all occupancies throughout the State of California as annotated.

A city, county, or city and county may establish more restrictive building standards reasonably necessary because of local climatic,
geological, or topographical conditions. Findings of the local condition(s) and the adopted local building standard(s) must be filed
with the California Building Standards Commission to become effective and may not be effective sooner than the effective date of
this edition of the California Building Standards Code. Local building standards adopted to be applicable to previous editions of the
California Building Standards Code do not apply to this edition without appropriate adoption and the required filing.

Should you have any questions regarding this code or wish to offer comments toward improving the format, please address your
questions and comments to:

California Building Standards Commission

2525 Natomas Park Drive, Suite 130
Sacramento, CA 95833--2936

Phone: (916) 263--0916

Fax: (916) 263--0959

www.bsc.ca.gov

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 Questions and Interpretations Contact List
2001 California Code of Regulations, Title 24

Board of Corrections Department of Housing and Community Development

Local Adult Jail Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (916) 324--1914 Residential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (916) 445--9471
Local Juvenile Facility Standards . . . . . . . . . . . (916) 324--1914 A Guide to California Multi--Family Disabled
Access Regulations Available
Through CALBO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (916) 457--1103
California Energy Commission Manufactured Homes, Commercial Coaches, and
Energy Hotline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (800) 772--3300 Permanent Structures in Mobile Home Parks
Building Efficiency Standards (General) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (916) 445--3338
Appliance Efficiency Standards Mobile Homes—Permits & Inspections
Compliance Manual/Forms Northern Region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (916) 255--2501
Southern Region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (909) 782--4420
Employee Housing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (916) 445--9471
California State Library
Construction Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (916) 445--9617 Department of Industrial Relations, Division of
Occupational Safety and Health
Department of Consumer Affairs—Acupuncture Board Places of Employment and
Office Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (916) 263--2680 Employee Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (415) 703--5100
Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (916) 263--7995
Boiler Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (510) 622--3052
Department of Consumer Affairs—Board of Pharmacy
Pressure Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (510) 622--3052
Pharmacy Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (916) 445--5014 Asbestos—Industrial Hygienist . . . . . . . . . . . . (916) 574--2993

Department of Consumer Affairs—Bureau of Barbering Department of Water Resources

and Cosmetology Gray Water Installations Standards . . . . . . . . . (916) 327--1620
Barber and Beauty Shop and
College Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (916) 327--6250 Department of the Youth Authority
Institutional Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (916) 262--1428
Department of Consumer Affairs—Bureau of Home
Furnishings and Thermal Insulation Division of the State Architect—Access Compliance
Insulation Testing Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (916) 574--2041 Access Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (916) 322--4700
California Accessibility Reference Manual . . . (916) 322--4700
Department of Consumer Affairs—Structural Pest
Control Board Division of the State Architect—Structural Safety
Structural Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (916) 263--2540 Public Schools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (916) 445--8100
State-owned Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (916) 445--8100
Asbestos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (916) 445--8100
Department of Consumer Affairs—Veterinary
State Building Inspector Information . . . . . . . . (916) 445--8100
Medical Board
Veterinary Hospital Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . (916) 263--2610 Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development
Hospitals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (916) 654--2012
Department of Food and Agriculture Skilled Nursing Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (916) 654--2012
Meat & Poultry Packing Plant Standards . . . . . (916) 654--0504 Clinics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (916) 654--2012
Dairy Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (916) 653--6582 Permits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (916) 654--3362

Department of Health Services Office of the State Fire Marshal . . . . . . . . . . (916) 445--8200
Organized Camps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (916) 324--2208
Public Swimming Pools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (916) 324--2208 State Historical Building Safety Board
Asbestos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (415) 540--2134 Alternative Building Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . (916) 445--7627

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 How to Determine Where
Changes Have Been Made

Symbols in the margins indicate the status of code changes as follows:

This symbol indicates that a change has been made to code language.

This symbol indicates deletion of code language.

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 Table of Contents
Article Page Article Page
7-1 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 7-35 Screw Column Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
7-2 Permit to Operate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 7-36 Special Access Elevators and
Special Access Lifts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
7-3 Variances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
7-37 Seismic Requirements for Elevators, Escalators
7-4 (Reserved) and Moving Walks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
7-5 Standard Reference Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 7-38 Hand Power Man Platforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
7-6 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 7-39 Manlifts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
7-7 Hoistways, Hoistway Enclosures and Related History Note Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Construction for Power Cable-driven
Passenger and Freight Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
DETAILED ANALYSIS
7-8 Machinery and Equipment for Power Cable-driven
Passenger and Freight Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Group I. Administrative Regulations
7-9 Hydraulic Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Article 7-1. Application
7-10 Hand and Power Sidewalk Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Section Page
7-11 Hand Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
7-3000 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
7-12 Hand and Power Dumbwaiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
7-12.1 Material Lifts and Dumbwaiters with Automatic Article 7-2. Permit to Operate
Transfer Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
7-12.2 Incline Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 7-3001 Permit to Operate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

7-12.6 Screw Type Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

Article 7-3. Variances
7-12.7 Vertical and Inclined Recriprocating Conveyors . . . 90
7-3002 Variances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
7-13 Escalators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
7-14 Moving Walks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Article 7-5. Standard Reference Documents
7-15 Special Access Elevators and
Special Access Lifts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 7-3004 Authority for Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

7-16 Hand Power Man Platforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Article 7-6. Definitions
7-17 Manlifts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
7-3009 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
7-18 Design Data, Formulas, Tests on Approved
Devices and Basic Electrical Regulations . . . . . . . 118
Group II. Existing Elevator Installations
7-20 Hoistways, Hoistway Enclosures and
Related Construction for Electric Elevators . . . . . 139 Article 7-7. Hoistways, Hoistway Enclosures and
Related Construction for Power Cable-driven
7-21 Machinery and Equipment for Passenger and Freight Elevators
Electric Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
7-22 Hydraulic Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 7-3010 Construction of Hoistways and
Hoistway Enclosures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
7-23 Power Sidewalk Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
7-3011 Machine Rooms and Machinery Spaces . . . . . . . . . 20
7-24 Hand Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
7-3012 Electrical Wiring, Pipes, and Ducts in
7-25 Hand and Power Dumbwaiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 Elevator Hoistways, Machine Rooms,
or Machinery Spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
7-26 Escalators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
7-3013 Location and Guarding of Counterweights . . . . . . . 22
7-27 Moving Walks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
7-3014 Guarding of Exposed Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
7-28 Periodic and Acceptance Inspections and Tests . . 149
7-3015 Machinery and Sheave Beams, Supports, and
7-29 Engineering and Type Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 Foundations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
7-30 Design Data and Formulas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 7-3016 Pits for Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
7-31 Material Lifts and Dumbwaiters with 7-3017 Bottom and Top Clearances and Runbys for
Automatic Transfer Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 Elevator Cars and Counterweights . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
7-32 Special-purpose Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 7-3018 Horizontal Car and Counterweight Clearances . . . . 25
7-33 Rack and Pinion Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 7-3019 Protection of Spaces Below Hoistways . . . . . . . . . . 26
7-34 Inclined Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 7-3020 Protection of Hoistway Landing Openings . . . . . . . 26
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Section Page Section Page
7-3021 Hoistway Door and Gate Locking Devices . . . . . . . 30 7-3069 Tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
7-3022 Power Operation of Doors and Gates . . . . . . . . . . . 32 7-3070 Terminal Stopping Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
7-3071 Operation, Operating Devices and
Article 7-8. Machinery and Equipment for Power Control Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Cable-driven Passenger and Freight Elevators 7-3072 Counterweight Ropes, Rope Connections
and Sheaves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
7-3030 Car and Counterweight Guide Rails, Rail
Supports and Fastenings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Article 7-10. Hand and Power Sidewalk Elevators
7-3031 Car and Counterweight Buffers and Bumpers . . . . . 36
7-3073 General Requirements for Sidewalk Elevators
7-3032 Counterweights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 with Sidewalk Doors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
7-3033 Car Frames and Platforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 7-3074 Machinery and Equipment for Elevators with
7-3034 Car Enclosure and Car Doors and Gates . . . . . . . . . 39 Sidewalk Doors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
7-3075 Sidewalk Elevators without Sidewalk Doors . . . . . . 76
7-3035 Car and Counterweight Safeties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
7-3036 Governors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Article 7-11. Hand Elevators
7-3037 Capacity and Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 7-3076 Hoistways, Hoistway Enclosures and Related
7-3038 Driving Machines and Sheaves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
7-3039 Terminal Stopping Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 7-3077 Machinery and Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

7-3040 Operating Devices and Control Equipment . . . . . . . 50

Article 7-12. Hand and Power Dumbwaiters
7-3041 Emergency and Signal Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
7-3078 Enclosure of Hoistways, Machine Rooms and
7-3042 Hoisting Ropes and Their Connections . . . . . . . . . . 55 Machinery Spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
7-3079 Machinery and Equipment for Hand and
Article 7-9. Hydraulic Elevators Power Dumbwaiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

7-3050 Hoistways, Hoistway Enclosures and Article 7-12.1. Material Lifts and Dumbwaiters with
Machine Rooms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Automatic Transfer Devices
7-3051 Electric Wiring, Pipes, and Ducts in Elevator
Hoistways, Machine Rooms, or Machinery 7-3080 Electric Material Lifts with Automatic
Spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Transfer Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

7-3052 Location and Guarding of Counterweights, and 7-3081 Hydraulic Material Lifts with Automatic
Guarding of Exposed Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Transfer Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
7-3082 Power Dumbwaiters with Automatic
7-3053 Machine and Sheave Beams, Supports, and Transfer Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Foundations and Pits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
7-3083 Automatic Transfer Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
7-3054 Bottom and Top Clearances and Runby for
Cars and Counterweights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Article 7-12.2. Incline Elevators
7-3055 Horizontal Car and Counterweight Clearances . . . . 69
7-3084 Incline Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
7-3056 Protection of Spaces Below Hoistways . . . . . . . . . . 69
7-3057 Protection of Hoistway Landing Openings . . . . . . . 69 Article 7-12.6. Screw Type Elevators
7-3058 Hoistway Door and Gate Locking Devices . . . . . . . 69 7-3085 Special Purpose Personnel Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
7-3059 Power Operation of Doors and Gates . . . . . . . . . . . 69 7-3085.1 Hoistways and Hoistway Enclosures
7-3060 Car and Counterweight Guide Rails, Guide Rail [Rule 1500.1] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Supports and Fastenings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 7-3085.2 Electric Wiring, Pipes and Ducts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
7-3061 Car and Counterweight Buffers or Bumpers . . . . . . 69 7-3085.3 Horizontal Car and Counterweight Clearances
7-3062 Counterweights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 [Rule 1500.2] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
7-3085.4 Pits, Runby and Top Clearances [Rule 1500.3] . . . . 86
7-3063 Car Frames and Platforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
7-3085.5 Overhead Machinery Beams and Supports
7-3064 Car Enclosures, Car Doors and Gates, and [Rule 1500.4] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Car Illumination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
7-3085.6 Counterweights [Rule 1500.5] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
7-3065 Car and Counterweight Safeties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
7-3085.7 Hoistway Doors and Gates [Rule 1500.6] . . . . . . . . 87
7-3066 Capacity and Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
7-3085.8 Operating Devices and Control Equipment
7-3067 Hydraulic Driving Machines, Plungers, [Rule 1501] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Cylinders and System Oil Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
7-3085.9 Locking Devices for Hoistway Doors or Gates
7-3068 Valves, Supply Piping and Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 [Rule 1501.2] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
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Section Page Section Page
7-3085.10 Operation [Rule 1501.3] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 7-3093.6 Horizontal Car Clearances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
7-3085.11 Car Guide Rails and Guide Rail Fastenings 7-3093.7 Guarding of Suspension Means . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
[Rule 1502.1] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
7-3093.8 Car Frames and Platforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
7-3085.12 Car and Counterweight Buffers [Rule 1502.2] . . . . 87
7-3093.9 Car Enclosure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
7-3085.13 Counterweight Guiding and Construction 7-3093.10 Number of Compartments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
[Rule 1502.3] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
7-9093.11 Car Doors and Gates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
7-3085.14 Car Construction [Rule 1502.4] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
7-3093.12 Light in Car . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
7-3085.15 Car Enclosures [Rule 1502.5] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
7-3093.13 Counterweights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
7-3085.16 Car Doors or Gates [Rule 1502.6] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
7-3093.14 Location and Guarding of Counterweights . . . . . . 102
7-3085.17 Car Safeties and Governors [Rule 1502.7] . . . . . . . 88
7-3093.15 Safeties Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
7-3085.18 Capacity and Data Plates [Rule 1502.8] . . . . . . . . . 89
7-3093.16 Operation of Safeties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
7-3085.19 Limitation of Load, Speed and Platform Area
[Rule 1502.9] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 7-3093.17 Application of Safeties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
7-3085.20 Driving Machines and Sheaves [Rule 1502.10] . . . 89 7-3093.18 Materials Used in Safeties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
7-3085.21 Suspension Means [Rule 1502.11] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 7-3093.19 Location of Speed Governor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
7-3085.22 Emergency Signal and/or Communication 7-3093.20 Opening of the Brake Circuit on
[Rule 1502.12] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Safety Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
7-3093.21 Governor Ropes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Article 7-12.7. Vertical and Inclined 7-3093.22 Car and Counterweight Guide Rails and
Reciprocating Conveyors Guide Fastenings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
7-3087 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 7-3093.23 Buffers and Buffer Supports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
7-3087.1 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 7-3093.24 Overhead Machinery Beams and Supports . . . . . . 102
7-3087.2 Safety Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 7-3093.25 Material for Sheaves and Drums and Minimum
Diameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
7-3087.3 Electrical Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
7-3093.26 Fastening of Driving Machines and Sheaves to
7-3087.4 Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 Underside of Overhead Beams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
7-3087.5 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 7-3093.27 Factor of Safety for Overhead Beams and
Supports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
7-3087.6 Guarding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
7-3093.28 Hydraulic Driving Machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
7-3087.7 Counterweights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
7-3093.29 Screw Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
7-3087.8 Maintenance and Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
7-3093.30 Set Screw Fastenings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
7-3088 Screw Type Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
7-3093.31 Friction Gearing, Clutch Mechanism
or Couplings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Article 7-13. Escalators
7-3093.32 Use of Cast Iron in Gears . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
7-3089 Construction Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 7-3093.33 Driving-machine Roller Chains and Sprockets . . . 103
7-3090 Escalator Machinery and Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 7-3093.34 Driving-machine Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
7-3093.35 Terminal Stopping Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Article 7-14. Moving Walks
7-3093.36 Operation of the Stopping Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
7-3091 Design Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 7-3093.37 Type of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
7-3092 Operating and Safety Devices, Electrical 7-3093.38 Control and Operating Circuit Requirements . . . . 103
Equipment and Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
7-3093.39 Key-operated Switches (Deleted) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Article 7-15. Special Access Elevators and 7-3093.40 Electric Equipment and Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Special Access Lifts
7-3093.41 Power Supply-line Disconnecting Means . . . . . . . 104
7-3093 Special Access Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 7-3093.42 Phase Reversal and Failure Protection . . . . . . . . . . 104
7-3093.1 Hoistway Enclosure Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 7-3093.43 Emergency Stop Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
7-3093.2 Pits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 7-3093.44 Slack-rope and Slack-chain Devices . . . . . . . . . . . 104
7-3093.3 Top Car Clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 7-3093.45 Emergency Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
7-3093.4 Protection of Hoistway Openings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 7-3093.46 Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
7-3093.5 Pipes in Hoistways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 7-3093.47 Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
xi
Section Page Section Page
7-3093.48 Rise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 7-3106.1 Plunger Engaging Safety Device for Direct
Plunger Hydraulic Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
7-3093.49 Capacity Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
7-3107 Factors of Safety for Suspension Wire Ropes
7-3093.50 Data Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 and Design of Wire Rope Fastenings for
Power Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
7-3093.51 Suspension Means . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
7-3108 Design of Oil Buffers and Buffer Supports
7-3093.52 Suspension Ropes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 and Tests for Approval of Oil Buffers . . . . . . . . . . 124
7-3093.53 Factor of Safety Suspension Means . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 7-3109 Guide Rails, Guide Rail Brackets, Fastenings
7-3093.54 Arc of Contact of Suspension Means on and Supports for Electric Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Sheaves and Sprockets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 7-3110 Approval of Hoistway Door Interlocks and
7-3093.55 Idle Turns of Ropes on Winding Drums . . . . . . . . 105 Hoistway Door Combination Mechanical Locks
and Electric Contacts (Contact Locks) . . . . . . . . . 126
7-3093.56 Securing of Wire Suspension Ropes to
Winding Drums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 7-3111 Stresses and Deflection in Machinery and
Sheave Beams and Their Supports . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
7-3093.57 Splicing, Replacement and Reshackling of
Suspension Ropes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 7-3113 Special Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

7-3093.58 Fastening of Wire Rope Suspension Means

to the Car or to the Counterweights . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 Group III. New Elevator Installations

7-3093.59 Replacement of Chains and Sprockets . . . . . . . . . . 105 Article 7-20. Hoistways, Hoistway Enclosures and
Related Construction for Electric Elevators
7-3093.60 Maintenance for Special Access Elevators . . . . . . 105
7-3120.0 Construction of Hoistways and
7-3094 Vertical and Inclined Platform (Wheelchair) Hoistway Enclosures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Lifts and Inclined Stairway Chairlifts . . . . . . . . . . 105
7-3120.1 Machine Rooms and Machinery Spaces . . . . . . . . 139
7-3094.1 Unaltered Existing Lifts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
7-3120.2 Electrical Equipment, Wiring, Pipes and
7-3094.2 Vertical Platform (Wheelchair) Lifts . . . . . . . . . . . 106 Ducts in Hoistways, Machine Rooms and
Machinery Spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
7-3094.3 Inclined Platform (Wheelchair) Lifts . . . . . . . . . . . 107
7-3120.3 Location and Guarding of Counterweights . . . . . . 139
7-3094.4 Inclined Stairway Chairlifts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
7-3120.4 Guarding of Exposed Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
7-3094.5 Maintenance of Special Access Lifts . . . . . . . . . . . 107
7-3120.5 Machinery and Sheave Beams,
Supports and Foundations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Article 7-16. Hand Power Man Platforms
7-3120.6 Pits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
7-3095 Hoistway Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 7-3120.7 Bottom and Top Clearances and Runbys
7-3096 Machinery and Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 for Elevator Cars and Counterweights . . . . . . . . . . 139
7-3120.8 Horizontal Car and Counterweight Clearances . . . 139
Article 7-17. Manlifts 7-3120.9 Protection of Spaces Below Hoistways . . . . . . . . . 140
7-3097 Construction Requirements for Manlifts 7-3120.10 Protection of Hoistway-landing Openings . . . . . . . 140
Arranged for Front Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 7-3120.11 Hoistway-door Locking Devices, Car Door
7-3098 Construction Requirements for Manlifts or Gate Electric Contacts, Hoistway Access
Arranged for Side Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 Switches and Elevator Parking Devices . . . . . . . . 140
7-3099 Mechanical Requirements and Operation . . . . . . . 112 7-3120.12 Power Operation, Power-opening and
Power-closing of Hoistway Doors and
Car Doors or Gates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Article 7-18. Design Data, Formulas, Tests on
Approved Devices and Basic Electrical Regulations
Article 7-21. Machinery and Equipment for
7-3100 Rated Load of Passenger Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 Electric Elevators

7-3101 Electric Elevator Car Frame and Platform 7-3121.0 Car and Counterweight Guide Rails, Guide-rail
Stresses and Deflections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 Supports and Fastenings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
7-3102 Hydraulic Plunger, Cylinder and 7-3121.1 Buffers and Bumpers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Piping Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 7-3121.2 Counterweights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
7-3103 Hydraulic Elevator Car Frame and Platform 7-3121.3 Car Frames and Platforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Stresses and Deflections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
7-3121.4 Car Enclosures, Car Doors and Gates,
7-3104 Factor of Safety for Driving Machines and Car Illumination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
and Sheaves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
7-3121.5 Car and Counterweight Safeties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
7-3105 Governor Trip Speeds and Approval Data . . . . . . . 122
7-3121.6 Speed Governors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
7-3106 Car and Counterweight Safety Stopping
Distances and Approval Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 7-3121.7 Capacity and Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
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Section Page Section Page
7-3121.8 Driving Machines and Sheaves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 7-3127.5 Operating and Safety Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
7-3121.9 Terminal Stopping Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 7-3127.6 Lighting, Access and Electrical Work . . . . . . . . . . 148
7-3121.10 Operating Devices and Control Equipment . . . . . . 141 7-3127.7 Outdoor Moving Walks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
7-3121.11 Emergency Operation and Signaling Devices . . . . 142
7-3121.12 Suspension Ropes and Their Connections . . . . . . . 142 Article 7-28. Periodic and Acceptance
Inspections and Tests
7-3121.13 Welding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
7-3121.14 Layout Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 7-3128 Periodic and Acceptance Inspections and Tests . . 149

Article 7-22. Hydraulic Elevators Article 7-29. Engineering and Type Tests
7-3122.0 Hoistways, Hoistway Enclosures and 7-3129 Engineering and Type Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Related Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
7-3122.1 Mechanical Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Article 7-30. Design Data and Formulas
7-3122.2 Driving Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
7-3122.3 Valves, Supply Piping and Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 7-3130 Design Data and Formulas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

7-3122.4 Hydraulic Machines, Tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

Article 7-31. Material Lifts and Dumbwaiters with
7-3122.5 Terminal Stopping Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 Automatic Transfer Devices
7-3122.6 Operating Devices and Control Equipment . . . . . . 143
7-3131 Material Lifts and Dumbwaiters with Automatic
7-3122.7 Counterweights Ropes, Rope Connections Transfer Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
and Sheaves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
7-3122.8 Layout Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 Article 7-32. Special-purpose Elevators

Article 7-23. Power Sidewalk Elevators 7-3132 Special-purpose Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

7-3123 Power Sidewalk Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

Article 7-33. Rack and Pinion Elevators

Article 7-24. Hand Elevators 7-3133 Rack and Pinion Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
7-3124 Hand Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Article 7-34. Inclined Elevators
Article 7-25. Hand and Power Dumbwaiters
7-3134 Inclined Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
7-3125 Hand and Power Dumbwaiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Article 7-35. Screw Column Elevators
Article 7-26. Escalators
7-3135 Screw Column Elevators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
7-3126.0 Protection of Floor Openings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
7-3126.1 Protection of Supports and Machine Spaces Article 7-36. Special Access Elevators and
Against Fire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 Special Access Lifts
7-3126.2 Construction Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
7-3136 Special Access Elevators and
7-3126.3 Rated Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 Special Access Lifts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
7-3126.4 Driving Machine, Motor and Brake . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
7-3126.5 Operating and Safety Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 Article 7-37. Seismic Requirements for Elevators,
Escalators and Moving Walks
7-3126.6 Lighting, Access and Electrical Work . . . . . . . . . . 147
7-3137 Seismic Requirements for Elevators,
7-3126.7 Outdoor Escalators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 Escalators and Moving Walks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158

Article 7-27. Moving Walks

Article 7-38. Hand Power Man Platforms
7-3127.0 Protection of Floor Openings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
7-3138 Hand Power Man Platforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
7-3127.1 Protection of Supports and Machine Space
Against Fire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Article 7-39. Manlifts
7-3127.2 Construction Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
7-3127.3 Rated Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 7-3139 Manlifts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
7-3127.4 Driving Machine, Motor and Brake . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 HISTORY NOTE APPENDIX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
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 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3000
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

GROUP I. ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATIONS

Group I regulations apply to existing and new elevator installations.

Article 7-1. Application

Application. 5. Existing power and hand dumbwaiters covered by regula-

7-3000. tions of Article 7-12 and new power and hand dumbwaiters cov-
ered by regulations of Article 7-25.
(a) Where Applicable. The Elevator Safety Orders are applica-
ble to elevators in the state of California except: 6. Existing material lifts and dumbwaiters with automatic
transfer devices covered by regulations of Article 7-12.1 and new
1. Elevators under the jurisdiction of the United States govern- material lifts and dumbwaiters with automatic transfer devices
ment. covered by regulations of Article 7-31.
2. Elevators located in a single-unit private home and not ac- 7. Existing inclined elevators covered by regulations of Article
cessible to the public. 7-12.2 and new inclined elevators covered by regulations of
3. Elevators located in a multi-unit residential building serving Article 7-34.
no more than two dwelling units and not accessible to the public. 8. Existing escalators covered by regulations of Article 7-13
and new escalators covered by regulations of Article 7-26.
NOTE: Unless otherwise designated in this subchapter, the term
“division” refers to the current Division of Occupational Safety and 9. Existing moving walks covered by regulations of Article
Health or any of its predecessors including the former Division of In- 7-14 and new moving walks covered by regulations of Article
dustrial Safety or the Division of Occupational Safety and Health Ad- 7-27.
ministration. Reference to the former Division of Industrial Safety or
Division of Occupational Safety and Health Administration in these 10. New and existing hand power man platforms covered by
orders is meant to refer to their successor, the Division of Occupational regulations of Article 7-16.
Safety and Health, or any subsequent successor agency.
11. New and existing manlifts covered by regulations of
(b) Use and Precedence of Orders. Article 7-17.
1. When ASME A17.1-1996 is cited or incorporated by refer- 12. Existing screw driven passenger and freight elevators cov-
ence in these Orders, it shall mean the 1996 edition of ASME ered by regulations of Article 7-12.6 and new screw column eleva-
A17.1, unless otherwise indicated. tors covered by regulations of Article 7-35.
2. The Elevator Safety Orders shall apply if any difference ex- 13. New and existing vertical and inclined reciprocating con-
ists between the Elevator Safety Orders and ASME A17.1-1996; veyors covered by regulations of Article 7-12.7.
or any other code, document or standard referenced in ASME 14. Existing special access lifts covered by regulations of
A17.1-1996. Where a specific provision varies from a general Article 7-15 and new special access lifts covered by regulations of
provision, the specific provision shall apply. Article 7-36.
3. If a section in the Elevator Safety Orders makes a cross- (d) Devices Excluded. These orders do not apply to the fol-
reference to a section, rule or table in ASME A17.1-1996, such lowing:
cross-referencing shall be that which is shown in ASME
1. Belt, bucket, scoop, roller or similar inclined or vertical con-
A17.1-1996 unless the referenced section, rule or table has been
veyors or other types of automated conveyor systems. See Section
amended in the Elevator Safety Orders.
7-3000 (c) (13).
4. If a section, rule or table in ASME A17.1-1996 makes a 2. Tiering or piling machines, sometimes called stackers, used
cross-reference to another section, rule or table in ASME for loading or stacking material.
A17.1-1996, such cross-referencing shall be that which is shown
in ASME A17.l-1996, unless the referenced section, rule or table 3. Equipment for feeding or positioning materials at machine
has been amended in the Elevator Safety Orders. tools, printing presses, etc.
(c) Devices Included. The devices covered by the regulations 4. Hoists for raising and lowering materials and which are pro-
of the Elevator Safety Orders are included under the term “eleva- vided with unguided hooks, slings, and similar means for attach-
tor” as used in the Labor Code. These orders apply to the follow- ments to the materials.
ing: 5. Skip or furnace hoists.
1. Existing power-cable driven passenger and freight elevators 6. Wharf ramps.
covered by regulations of Articles 7-7 and 7-8 and new power- 7. Amusement devices.
cable passenger and freight elevators covered by regulations of 8. Stage and orchestra lifts.
Articles 7-20 and 7-21.
9. Lift bridges.
2. Existing hydraulic passenger and freight elevators covered
by regulations of Article 7-9 and and new hydraulic passenger and 10. Railroad car lifts or dumpers.
freight elevators covered by regulations of Article 7-22. 11. Construction elevators as defined in Section 7200 of the
Labor Code.
3. Existing power and hand sidewalk elevators covered by reg-
ulations of Article 7-10 and new power sidewalk elevators cov- 12. Mine hoists.
ered by regulations of Article 7-23. 13. Freight platform hoists with a travel of not more than 5 feet
4. Existing hand passenger and freight elevators covered by (1.52 m).
regulations of Article 7-11 and new hand elevators covered by (e) Devices Prohibited. The following type elevators are not al-
regulations of Article 7-24. lowed for new installations.
1
7-3000 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

1. Hatchway type elevator. NOTE: Regulations for new installations are contained in
Group III.
2. Carriage type elevator.
(g) Existing Installations. Existing installations are devices
3. Auxiliary power elevator. listed as existing devices in Section 7-3000 (c) that are:
4. Single belt elevator.
1. Devices which have been inspected by the Division and to
5. Double belt elevator. which a serial number has been assigned.
6. Steam elevator. 2. Devices for which erection was begun before these regula-
7. Gravity elevator. tions became effective and for which the notice of intent to install
is not required.
8. Platform elevator.
9. Private residence elevators and inclined lifts as regulated in 3. Devices erected from plans or contracts completed, and for
Part V, ASME A17.1, except those allowed by Articles 7-15 and which the notice of intent to install is filed with the division, before
7-36. these regulations become effective.
(f) New Installations. New installations are devices listed as NOTE: All the regulations for existing installations are contained
new devices in Section 7-3000 (c) that are: in Group II.

1. Erected from plans or contracts completed, and for which (h) Alterations, Repairs, Replacements and Maintenance of
the notice of intention to install is filed with the division, after Devices. Alterations, repairs, replacements and maintenance of
these regulations become effective. devices as listed in Section 7-3000 (c) shall comply with Part XII
of ASME A17.1-1996; except for Rule 1200.1, Rule 1206.10,
2. Existing installations which have been operating previous to Section 1214, Section 1215, Section 1216 and Section 1217;
the adoption of these regulations without the required inspection which is hereby incorporated by reference.
or permit to operate.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
3. Existing devices which are moved to a new location after Sections 142.3, 7301, 7308 and 7317, Labor Code; and Section 18943
these regulations become effective. (b), Health and Safety Code.

2
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3001
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-2. Permit to Operate

Permit to Operate. 5. The person or firm doing the work of replacing door locking
7-3001. devices, safety devices, governors, or oil buffers on existing
(a) Submittal of Plans and Notification of Intent to Install. installations of passenger or freight elevators shall notify the divi-
sion when the work is complete and ready for inspection.
1. The person or firm who intends to install a new elevator,
dumbwaiter, escalator, moving walk, or manlift shall submit the 6. The person or firm installing a new freight platform hoist for
erection plans to the division for review. In lieu of complete erec- hand power man platform shall notify the division when the instal-
tion drawings and plans, the division will accept notification from lation is complete and ready for inspection.
a recognized elevator company that they intend to install a device 7. The person or firm responsible for special maintenance op-
covered by these regulations of a certain type at a definite address, erations such as the cleaning of glass or the replacement of lamps
and subsequent notification to the division that the installation is that cannot be performed from inside the elevator car, shall submit
complete and ready for inspection. a plan to the division outlining a safe method that will be used to
2. The division may require drawings and details of construc- perform the maintenance.
tion of any portion of an installation when complete erection plans 8. The person or firm installing a static control shall provide the
are not submitted. Division of Occupational Safety and Health with information
3. When an installation requires material, fabrication, or showing that the control complies with the requirements of Group
construction other than recognized standard types or has an offset II, Sections 7-3040 (b) 4, 7-3040 (f) 4 and 7-3040 (f) 7. This infor-
car frame or is an observation type elevator installed in other than mation shall be in the form of either:
a fully enclosed hoistway, drawings and details shall be submitted A. Electrical schematic diagrams or block diagrams of the
to the division prior to installation. control and safety circuits; or
4. Alterations to existing passenger or freight elevators as de- B. A written check out procedure and demonstration of
fined in Section 7-3000 (h) shall be considered as new installa- safety and speed control circuits required by Group II,
tions for submittal of plans or notice of intent to make the Sections 7-3040 (f) 4 and 7-3040 (f) 7 at the time of the
alteration and the subsequent notification that work is complete inspection.
and ready for inspection. The notice of intent shall include a com- NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
plete description of the alteration. Sections 142.3 and 7304 (b), Labor Code.

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7-3002 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-3. Variances

Variances. tional safety and health standard, order, special order, or portion
7-3002. thereof upon a showing of an alternative program, method, prac-
(a) Any employer may apply to the division for a temporary or- tice, means, device, or process which will provide equal or superi-
der granting a variance from an occupational safety and health or safety for employees. Such application shall conform to the
standard. Such temporary order shall be granted only if the em- requirements of the California Administrative Code, Title 8,
ployer files an application which meets the requirements of Sec- Chapter 3.5.
tions 6450 through 6457, inclusive, of the California Labor Code. NOTE: Authority cited: Sections 142.3 and 143, Labor Code. Ref-
erence: Sections 142.3, 143, 143.2, 6450 and 6454, Labor Code; and
(b) Any employer may apply to the Occupational Safety and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety Code.
Health Standards Board for a permanent variance from an occupa-

4
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3004
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-5. Standard Reference Documents

Authority for Standard.

7-3004.
AUTHORITY FOR
STANDARD DATE OF ISSUE TITLE OR DESCRIPTION OF STANDARD SECTION
AGMA:
420.03 1963 Practice for Helical and Herringbone Gear Speed Reducers 7-3091 (n) 4
430.03 1963 Practice for Speed Reducers and Increases Employing Spiral Bevel Gearing 7-3091 (n) 4
440.03 1959 Practice for Single and Double Reduction Cylindrical-Worm and
Helical-Worm Speed Reducers 7-3091 (n) 4
441.03 1963 Practice for Single and Double-Reduction, Double-Enveloping Worm and Helical-
Worm Speed Reducers 7-3091 (n) 4
460.04 1965 Practice for Gearmotors 7-3091 (n) 4
480.03 1965 Practice for Helical, Herringbone and Spur Gear Shaft Mounted Speed Reducers 7-3091 (n) 4
ASTM:
A36 1968 Specification for Structural Steel 7-3101 (a) 1
A235 1967 Specifications for Carbon Steel Forgings for General Industrial Use 7-3101 (a) 1
7-3107 (b) 3
7-3107 (b) 5
A283 1967 Specifications for Low and Intermediate Tensile Strength
Carbon Steel Plate of Structural Quality 7-3101 (a) 1
A307 1967 Specifications for Low Carbon Steel Externally and Internally Threaded Standard Fasteners 7-3101 (a) 1
7-3109 (b) 2
7-3111 (c) 1
7-3111 (c) 2
A502 1965 Specifications for Steel Structural Rivets 7-3101 (a) 1
7-3109 (b) 3
7-3111 (c) 2
D2270 1964 Viscosity Index from Kinematic Viscosity 7-3108 (e)
SAE:
100-R2 1967 High Pressure Steel Wire Reinforced Rubber Covered Hydraulic Hose 7-3068 (a) 3
Federal
Specification
DD-G-451c 1968 Glass, Plate, Sheet, Figured (Float, Flat, for Glazing, Corrugated,
Mirrors, and Other Uses) 7-3034 (b) 5
E
USAS:
A2.5 1963 Method of Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials 7-3101 (a) 3
ASTM 84 1961
NFPA 255 1961
A17.1 and 1965 Safety Code for Elevators, Dumbwaiters, Escalators, and Moving Walks 7-3000 (d)
Supplements 7-3108 (f) 1
.1a 1967
.1b 1968
.1c 1969
B2.1 1968 Pipe Threads (Except Dry Seal) 7-3102 (g) 5
B29.1 1963 Transmission Roller Chains and Sprocket Teeth 7-3091 (n) 5
B29.2 1957 Inverted Tooth (Silent) Chains and Sprocket Teeth 7-3091 (n) 5
B31.1.0 1967 Power Piping 7-3102 (g) 2
B55.1 1961 Specifications for Multiple V-Belt Drives 7-3091 (n) 6
G50.1 1967 Specifications for Mild to Medium Strength Carbon 7-3101 (a) 1
ASTM A 27 1965 Steel Castings for General Application 7-3107 (b) 3
Z11.5 1966 Method of Test for Pour Point 7-3108 (e)
ASTM D 97 1966
Z97.l 1966 Performance, Specifications and Method of Test 7-3034 (a) 7
1966 for Transparent Safety Glazing Materials Used in Buildings 7-3034 (b) 5
7-3089 (d) 2
7-3091 (k) 1
7-3091 (l)
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(b), Health and Safety Code.

5
7-3009 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-6. Definitions

Definitions. 1. Oil Buffer. A buffer using oil as a medium which absorbs and
7-3009. dissipates the kinetic energy of the descending car or counter-
weight.
(a) Scope. The elevator industry and the material handling in-
dustry, both of which are subject to these orders, use many words 2. Gas Spring-return Oil Buffer. An oil buffer utilizing the
and terms that have meanings unique to their respective endeav- pressure of a compressed gas to return the buffer plunger or piston
ors. Definitions are included to standardize nomenclature and im- to its fully extended position.
prove communication between inspectors, mechanics, architects, 3. Mechanical Spring-return Oil Buffer. An oil buffer utiliz-
engineers, and owners. Oral and written interchanges are en- ing the force of the compressed mechanical spring or springs to re-
hanced when both parties understand a given term or word to have turn the buffer plunger or piston to its fully extended position.
a specific meaning.
4. Oil Buffer Stroke. The oil-displacing movement of the buf-
(b) List of Definitions. The following definitions shall be fer plunger or piston, excluding the travel of the buffer-plunger ac-
accepted as the meaning of the various terms as used in these regu- celerating device.
lations:
5. Spring Buffer. A buffer which stores in a spring the kinetic
ACCELERATION. The operation of advancing the elevator energy of the descending car or counterweight.
drive motor speed from zero to normal operating speed.
6. Spring-buffer Load Rating. The load required to compress
ALTERATION. Any change or addition to the equipment the spring an amount equal to its stroke.
other than ordinary repairs or replacements. 7. Spring-buffer Stroke. The distance the contact end of the
ALTERNATE LEVEL. See Level, Alternate. spring can move under a compressive load until all coils are essen-
tially in contact or until a fixed stop is reached.
ANGLE OF CONTACT. That portion of a sheave contacted
by a rope. Measured in degrees of contact. Sometimes referred to BUMPER. A device, other than an oil or spring buffer, de-
as angle of wrap or arc of contact. signed to stop a descending car or counterweight beyond its nor-
mal limit of travel by absorbing the impact.
ANNUNCIATOR, CAR. An electrical device in the car which
indicates visually the landings at which an elevator landing signal C.A.C. California Administrative Code (See C.C.R.).
registering device has been actuated. CAM. A steel angle beveled at both ends and fastened to the
guide rails to operate terminal switches mounted on the car. A
APPLIED FRAME ENTRANCE. A wraparound or partial
steel angle beveled at both ends fastened to the car to operate ter-
addition to an existing entrance frame used to improve the appear-
minal switches in the hoistway. A steel angle mounted on the car to
ance or to provide the required clearance.
operate a hoistway floor selector. A movable steel bar or angle
APPROVED DEVICE. An approved device is one on which a mounted on a car to unlock hoistway door interlocks. A device for
written approval for use in the State of California has been issued converting regular rotary motion into irregular rotary motion or
by the Division of Industrial Safety. reciprocating motion.
APRON. See Platform Guard. CAR, ELEVATOR. The load-carrying unit, including its plat-
form, car frame, enclosure, and car door or gate.
ASTRAGAL. A molding on the leading edge of hoistway and
car doors. Usually a rubber molding extending the full height on Car, Material Lift. See under Material Handling Devices.
center opening doors, and either metal or rubber running the full CAR DOOR OR GATE ELECTRIC CONTACT. An electri-
width of the upper panel on biparting freight type doors. It is fur- cal device, the function of which is to prevent the operation of the
nished to reduce the effects of injury, should something get caught driving machine by the normal operating device unless the car
between door panels and quiet the operation of the doors. door or gate is in the closed position.
AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL. Persons who have been CAR DOOR OR GATE POWER CLOSER. A device or as-
instructed in the operation and/or maintenance of the equipment sembly of devices which closes a manually opened car door or
and designated by the owner to use or maintain the equipment. gate by power other than by hand, gravity, springs or the move-
ment of the car.
AUTOMATIC TRANSFER DEVICE. See under Material
Handling Devices. CAR DOOR OR GATE. POWER CLOSED. A door or gate
which is closed by a door or gate power operator.
BACKLASH. Excessive clearance between the teeth of the
worm and worm gear of a geared machine; it permits a rocking CAR ENCLOSURE. The top and the walls of the car resting
action of the drive sheave or gear when the worm is held station- on and attached to the car platform.
ary. CAR FRAME (SLING). The supporting frame to which the
BASIC SAFETY CIRCUIT. A portion of the elevator control car platform, upper and lower sets of guide shoes, car safety and
wiring that includes a number of mechanical switch contacts and hoisting ropes or rope sheaves of a cable elevator are usually at-
relay contacts in series. Usually includes the final limits, emergen- tached or the plunger or cylinder of a direct plunger elevator are
cy stop button, governor contacts and a safety-operated switch. attached.
The cause of operation of any one of these contacts constitutes a Car Frame, Overslung. A car frame to which the hoisting rope
possible hazardous operation of the elevator and therefore stops fastenings or hoisting rope sheaves are attached to the crosshead
all elevator operation. Also called the emergency circuit. or top member of the car frame.
BUFFER. A device designed to stop a descending car or coun- Car Frame, Underslung. A car frame to which the hoisting
terweight beyond its normal limit of travel by storing or by absorb- rope fastenings or hoisting rope sheaves are attached at or below
ing and dissipating the kinetic energy of the car or counterweight. the car platform.
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 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3009
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Car Frame, Sub-post. A car frame, all of whose members are COMPENSATING ROPE SHEAVE SWITCH. A device
located below the car platform. which automatically causes the electric power to be removed from
the elevator motor and brake when the compensating sheave ap-
Car Frame, Offset. A car frame sufficiently offset from the
proaches its upper or lower limit of travel.
center of the platform to require special design and construction
not covered by the formulas in Article 18. COMPONENT RATED PRESSURE. The pressure to which
a hydraulic component can be subjected.
Car Gate. The movable portion(s) of the car entrance which
closes the opening, providing access to the car or landings. In con- CONTROL. The system governing the starting, stopping,
trast to a car door, the car gate is not a solid panel. It consists of one direction of motion, acceleration, speed, and retardation of the
of the following: moving member. See also definition of control motion, control op-
eration and control system in Section 3 of ASME A17.1-1996.
1. Horizontally Sliding Collapsible Gate. A series of hori-
zontally sliding vertical bars, jointed by a scissor-like linkage that 1. DC Motor Control. A control system which uses a DC mo-
allows the assembly to collapse (normally to less 25 perent of the tor to drive the machine.
closed width). The collapsing gate is subject to horizontal A. Generator-Field Control. A system of control which is
deflection. accomplished by the use of an individual generator for
2. Horizontally Sliding Safety or Tubular Gate. A noncol- each elevator or dumbwaiter wherein the voltage ap-
lapsible series of horizontally sliding vertical tubes. This gate may plied to the driving-machine motor is adjusted by vary-
travel past the stationary car panel to the side of the enclosure ing the strength and direction of the generator field.
when in the open position. B. Multivoltage Control. A system of control which is ac-
3. Vertically Lifting Gate. A counterweight (counterbal- complished by impressing successively on the armature
anced) assembly, consisting of one or more sections that are of the driving-machine motor a number of substantially
guided in the vertical direction to open or close. The gate may be fixed voltages such as may be obtained from multicom-
of wood or metal construction. Wood gates may consist of either mutator generators common to a group of elevators.
horizontal or vertical slats. Metal gates are usually constructed of C. Rheostatic Control. A system of control which is ac-
perforated or expanded metal. complished by varying resistance or reactance, or both,
Car, Material Lift. The load-carrying unit including the car in the armature or field circuit, or both, of the driving-
frame, enclosure and transfer device. machine motor.

Car Platform. The structure which forms the floor of the car D. Dual Bridge Thyristor Converter Control. A control
and which directly supports the load. system for a DC motor which supplies the armature with
variable voltage of either polarity, and is capable of cur-
Car Platform, Laminated. A self-supporting platform rent flow in both directions.
constructed of plywood with a bonded steel sheet facing on both
E. Single Bridge Thyristor Converter Control. A con-
top and bottom surfaces.
trol system for a DC motor which supplies the armature
Car Platform Frame. A structure frame, composed of inter- with variable voltage of fixed polarity. The field is re-
connecting members, which supports the car platform floor. versed to control direction and to cause regeneration.
CAR STOP SWITCH. A device located in the car which when 2. AC Motor Control. A control system which uses an alter-
manually operated, causes the electric power to be removed from nating current motor machine.
the driving machine motor and brake of an electric elevator or A. Single-speed Alternating Current Control. A control
from the electrically operated valves and pump motor of a hydrau- for a driving-machine induction motor which is
lic elevator. arranged to run at a single speed.
C.C.R. California Code of Regulations (formerly known as B. Two-speed Alternating Current Control. A control
C.A.C.) for a two-speed driving-machine induction motor which
CERAMIC PERMANENT MAGNET. A magnet of the type is arranged to run at two different synchronous speeds by
which has a force that does not deteriorate with time. connecting the motor windings so as to obtain different
numbers of poles.
CLEARANCE, BOTTOM CAR. The clear vertical distance
from the pit floor to the lowest structural or mechanical part, C. Variable Frequency Control. A control system which
equipment or device installed beneath the car platform, except changes the magnitude and frequency of the voltage ap-
guide shoes or rollers, safety jaw assemblies and platform aprons plied to the motor.
or guards, or other equipment located within 12 inches horizontal- D. Variable Voltage AC Control. A control system for an
ly from the edge of the platform, when the car rests on its fully AC motor which varies the amount and direction of out-
compressed buffer. put torque by controlling the magnitude and phase
CLEARANCE, TOP CAR. The shortest vertical distance be- sequence of the voltage to the motor.
tween the top of the car crosshead, or between the top of the car E. Variable Voltage AC, DC Injection Control. A control
whichever is higher, and the nearest part of the overhead structure system for an AC motor which produces retardation
or any other obstruction when the car floor is level with the top ter- torque by injecting a DC current into either a stator
minal landing. winding of the motor or a separate eddy-current brake.
CLEARANCE, TOP COUNTERWEIGHT. The shortest CONTROL STATIC. A control system in which control func-
vertical distance between any part of the counterweight structure tions are performed by solid state devices.
and the nearest part of the overhead structure or any other obstruc-
CONTROLLER. A device, or group of devices, which serves
tion when the car floor is level with the bottom terminal landing.
to control in some predetermined manner the apparatus to which it
COLLISION SWITCH. See Earthquake Protection Devices. is connected. See also definition of controller motion, controller
7
7-3009 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

motor and controller operation in Section 3 of ASME EARTHQUAKE PROTECTION DEVICES. A device or
A17.1-1996. group of devices which serve to regulate the operation of an eleva-
CONVEYOR, RECIPROCATING. See Material Handling tor in a predetermined manner during or after an earthquake, con-
Devices. sisting of:
1. Collision Switch. A device actuated by the car or counter-
DERAILMENT SWITCH. See Earthquake Protection weight to provide information to the control that a collision be-
Devices. tween the car and the counterweight is imminent.
DESIGNATED ATTENDANT. Where elevator operation is 2. Derailment Switch. A device actuated by the derailment of
controlled from inside the car (attendant service, independent, the counterweight at any point in the hoistway to provide informa-
hospital service and other similar operations), it shall be consid- tion to the control that the counterweight has left its guides.
ered as being operated by a designated attendant. 3. Seismic Switch. A device actuated by building movement to
DESIGNATED LEVEL. See Level, Designated. provide information to the control that an earthquake in a prede-
DISPATCHING DEVICE, ELEVATOR AUTOMATIC. A termined manner during or after an earthquake.
device, the principal function of which is to either operate a signal ELEVATOR. A hoisting and lowering mechanism which
in the car to indicate when the car should leave a designated land- moves a car or platform in fixed guides in a substantially vertical
ing, or to actuate its starting mechanism when the car is at a desig- direction and which is designed to carry passengers or freight, or
nated landing. both, between two or more fixed landings. A hoisting mechanism,
such as a portable hoist or a tiering machine, used to elevate or
DISPLACEMENT SWITCH. A device actuated by the dis- lower material between two or more fixed landings and used or
placement of the counterweight, at any point in the hoistway, to fixed in a permanent location will be classed as an elevator.
provide a signal that the counterweight has moved from its normal
place of travel or has left its guide rails. A hoisting mechanism, such as a portable hoist or a tiering ma-
chine, used to elevate or lower material between two or more fixed
DOOR OR GATE, CAR OR HOISTWAY. The sliding por- landings and used or fixed in a permanent location will be classed
tion of the car or the hinged or sliding portion in the hoistway en- as an elevator.
closure which closes the opening giving access to the car or to the
A hydraulic hoisting mechanism used to elevate or lower
landing.
material between two or more fixed landings and used or fixed in a
1. Biparting Door. A vertically sliding door, consisting of two permanent location will be classed as an elevator.
or more sections so arranged that the sections or groups of sections Elevators are classified by the following types:
open away from each other and so interconnected that all sections
1. Auxiliary Power Elevator. An auxiliary power elevator is
operate simultaneously.
one having a source of mechanical power, such as shafting, in
2. Center-opening Door. A horizontally sliding or horizontally common with other machinery.
swinging door consisting of two or more sections so arranged that 2. Carriage Type Elevator. A carriage type elevator is a hand
the sections or groups of sections open away from each other. Hor- freight elevator with a platform having no suspension sling frame,
izontally sliding center-opening doors are interconnected so that but which is raised by cables dropping from winding drums or
all sections operate simultaneously. sheaves over the wellway and connected to the platform at four or
DOOR OR GATE CLOSER. A device which closes a hoist- more points.
way door or a car door or gate by means of a spring or by gravity. 3. Double Belt Elevator. A double belt elevator is an elevator in
Door or Gate, Power Operated. A hoistway door or a car door which the source of power is connected to the machine by a double
or gate which is opened and closed by a door or gate power opera- belt stem employing idling pulleys and a belt shifter, and in which
tor. the reversal of direction of the elevator is accomplished by shift-
ing the belts without reversing the prime mover.
Door or Gate Power Operator. A device or assembly of de-
vices which opens a hoistway door or a car door or gate or both by 4. Electric Elevator. A power elevator in which the motion of
power other than by hand, gravity, springs, or the movement of the the car is obtained through an electric motor applied to the elevator
car; and which closes them by power other than by hand, gravity, without an intervening hydraulic system.
or the movement of the car. 5. Gravity Elevator. An elevator utilizing gravity to move the
car.
Door or Gate, Self-closing. A manually opened hoistway door
or a car door or gate which closes when released. 6. Hand Elevator. An elevator utilizing manual energy to move
the car.
Door or Gate, Manually Operated. A door or gate which is 7. Hand Power Man Platform Elevator. A handpower man
opened and closed by hand. platform elevator is a counter balanced car in guides so arranged
Door or Gate, Semiautomatic. A door or gate which is opened that a man on the platform may, by holding the brake in the off
manually and which closes automatically as the car leaves the position, pull himself and the car up or down by means of a rope
landing. secured at the top and bottom of the hoistway.
Door or Gate, Full-automatic. A door or gate which is opened 8. Hatchway Type Elevator. A hatchway type elevator is an
automatically by the action of the elevator car approaching the elevator running through floor openings provided with hatch cov-
landing and closed by gravity as the car leaves the landing. ers, each of which is opened automatically as the car approaches
the landing and is closed automatically as the car leaves the land-
DOORS, SIDEWALK. Sidewalk doors are two section center- ing.
opening panels hinged to the sidewalk or other approximately hor-
izontal surface that the sidewalk elevator penetrates and that cover 9. Hydraulic Elevator. A power elevator where the energy is
or close the entire opening of the hoistway. applied by means of liquid under pressure to a cylinder or plunger.
A. Direct-plunger Elevator. A hydraulic elevator where
DUMBWAITER. See Material Handling Devices. the cylinder or plunger acts directly on the platform or
Undercounter Dumbwaiter. See Material Handling Devices. car frame without intermediate linkage.
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 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3009
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

B. Hydraulic Maintained-Pressure Elevator. A hydrau- cends. Sidewalk elevators without sidewalk doors are permissible
lic elevator where liquid under pressure is available at all (See Section 7-3075) only where the top landing is at ground level.
times for transfer into the cylinder. ELEVATOR, SPECIAL ACCESS. A passenger elevator that
C. Hydraulic Telescopic Plunger Elevator. A direct- is limited in size, capacity, rise and speed; installed as a means of
plunger hydraulic elevator having a set of coaxial access for persons with disabilities.
plungers. ELEVATOR, SPECIAL PURPOSE PERSONNEL. A spe-
D. Hydro-electric or Electro-hydraulic Elevator. A hy- cial purpose personnel elevator is an elevator for use by authorized
draulic elevator where liquid is pumped under pressure personnel and their tools or equipment only, and where location,
directly into the cylinder by a pump driven by an electric structure and limited usage are the determining factors.
motor. ELEVATOR, STAIRWAY. See Inclined Stairway Chairlift.
E. Indirect Plunger Elevator. See Roped Hydraulic Ele- EMERGENCY STOP SWITCH. See Car Stop Switch.
vator. ENTRANCE, ELEVATOR AND DUMBWAITER. The pro-
F. Roped Hydraulic Elevator, a.k.a. “Indirect Plunger tective assembly which closes the openings in the hoistway enclo-
Hydraulic Elevator.” A hydraulic elevator having its sure normally used for loading and unloading.
piston connected to the car with wire ropes. 1. Horizontally Sliding. An entrance in which the panel(s) or
10. Inclined Elevator. An elevator which travels at an angle of door(s) slides horizontally.
inclination of 70 degrees or less from the horizontal. 2. Swing. An entrance in which the panel(s) or door(s) swing
11. Multideck Elevator. An elevator having two or more around vertical hinges.
compartments located one immediately above the other. 3. Vertical Sliding. An entrance in which the panel(s) or door(s)
slides vertically.
12. Observation Type Elevator. An observation type elevator
is an elevator designed and arranged to travel in a hoistway that is ENTRANCE HARDWARE. All components of an entrance
less than fully enclosed. These elevators are typically arranged to exclusive of the frame, door panels and interlocks, that are neces-
provide a view. sary to maintain the position of the panels within the assembly.
13. Platform Type Elevator. A platform type elevator is an ele- ENTRANCE LOCKED OUT OF SERVICE. An entrance in
vator in which the platform is directly supported at three or more which the hoistway door is mechanically locked by means other
points by suspension members which are relied upon to maintain than the interlock to prevent the door being opened from the car
the platform substantially level. side without keys or special equipment.
ESCALATOR OR ELECTRIC STAIRWAY. A moving, in-
14. Power Elevator. An elevator utilizing energy other than
clined, continuous stairway used for raising or lowering passen-
gravitational or manual to move the car.
gers.
15. Rack and Pinion Elevator. A rack and pinion elevator is an 1. Conventional Escalator. An escalator on which the running
elevator raised and lowered by means of a rack and pinion. gear is driven by a single drive shaft at a terminal.
16. Screw Column Type Elevator. A screw column type eleva- 2. Modular Escalator. An escalator on which the running gear
tor is an elevator raised and lowered by means of a threaded nut along the incline is driven by one or more drive units.
revolving on a spiral worm or the worm revolving inside the nut or
both. The following definitions are applicable to escalators only.
1. Balustrade. The side of an escalator extending above the
17. Single Belt Elevator. A single belt elevator is an elevator in steps. It includes skirt panels, interior panels, decks and handrails.
which the prime mover is connected to the machine by a single
belt or multiple belt, all parts of which act together, and in which 2. Deck. The transverse members of the balustrade. A high deck
the reversal of direction of the elevator is accomplished by revers- is located immediately below the handrail stand. A low deck is lo-
ing the prime mover. cated immediately above the skirt panel, having an interior or ex-
terior section, or both.
18. Steam Elevator. A steam elevator is an elevator in which
the motion of the car is obtained from a steam engine directly ap- 3. Exterior Escalator Panel. The panel enclosing the exterior
plied to the elevator machinery. side of the balustrade.
ELEVATOR, CONSTRUCTION. An elevator, used tempo- 4. Interior Escalator Panel. The panel located between the
rarily during construction, alteration or demolition of buildings or skirt and the handrail stand.
structures, for use by workers or persons connected with or related 5. Molding. The connecting means between the various por-
to the building project. tions of the balustrade.
ELEVATOR, FREIGHT. An elevator used exclusively for 6. Newel. The balustrade termination at the landing.
carrying freight and on which only the operator and the persons 7. Newel Base. The panel located immediately under the newel.
necessary for unloading and loading the freight are permitted to 8. Skirt. The panels located immediately adjacent to the steps or
ride. treadway.
ELEVATOR, PASSENGER. An elevator used primarily to 9. Tandem Operation. Escalator used in series with common
carry persons. intermediate landings.
ELEVATOR, PRIVATE RESIDENCE. See Elevator, Special FACTOR OF SAFETY. The ratio of the ultimate strength to
Access. the working stress of a member under maximum static loading,
ELEVATOR, SIDEWALK. A freight elevator which operates unless otherwise specified in a particular Rule.
through an area (usually the sidewalk) exterior to the building or FIRE ENDURANCE. A measure of the elapsed time during
structure and floor level below. The exterior area (sidewalk) is which a material or assembly continues to exhibit fire resistance
protected by sidewalk doors that are opened by the car as it as- under specified conditions of test and performance.
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7-3009 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

FIRE RESISTANCE. The property of a material or assembly ing machine by the normal operating device unless the hoistway
to withstand fire or give protection from it. As applied to elements door is locked in the closed position, and prevent the opening of
of buildings, it is characterized by the ability to confine a fire or to the hoistway door from the landing side unless the car is within the
continue to perform a given structural function or both. landing zone and is either stopped or being stopped.
FIRE-RESISTIVE. Having fire resistance (see definition). 2. Contact Lock or Combination Mechanical Lock and
Electric Contact. A combination mechanical and electric device
FLAT STEPS. The distance, expressed in step lengths, that the the two related, but entirely independent, functions of which, pre-
leading edge of the escalator step travels after emerging from the vent operation of the driving machine by the normal operating de-
comb before moving vertically. vice unless the hoistway gate is in the closed position, and lock the
FREIGHT PLATFORM HOIST. A freight type hoist having hoistway gate in the closed position and prevent it from being
no car enclosure, no hoist way enclosure and a rise of not more opened from the landing side unless the car is within the landing
than 5 feet (1.52 m) in or adjacent to a loading platform or similar zone.
landing and serving two permanent landings. HOISTWAY DOOR OR GATE ELECTRIC CONTACT.
GATE, SEMI-AUTOMATIC. A gate which is opened manu- An electrical device, the function of which is to prevent operation
ally and which closes automatically as the car leaves the landing. of the driving machine by the normal operating device unless the
hoistway door is in the closed position.
GOVERNOR PULL THROUGH TENSION (FORCE).
The magnitude of the tensile load developed in the moving gover- HOISTWAY GATE SEPARATE MECHANICAL LOCK.
nor rope after the governor rope-retarding means is actuated. A mechanical device, the function of which is to lock a hoistway
gate in the closed position after the car leaves a landing and pre-
GOVERNOR ROPE-RETARDING MEANS. A mechanical vent the gate from being opened from the landing side unless the
means of developing a sufficient force in the governor rope to acti- car is within the landing zone.
vate the car or counterweight safeties or to trip the governor rope
HOISTWAY DOOR INTERLOCK RETIRING CAM
releasing carrier, where used. Such mechanical means include, but
DEVICE. A hoistway door interlock retiring cam is a device
are not limited to, rope-gripping jaws, clutch mechanisms and
which actuates the locking mechanism of a type of hoistway door
traction arrangements.
interlock by the action of a retractable cam.
GURNEY LIFT. See under Special Access Lifts. IDLER SHEAVE. A grooved sheave used to guide or apply
HAND POWER MAN PLATFORM. See under Elevators. tension to a rope or cord.
HATCH, HATCHWAY. See Hoistway. In early elevator usage INCLINED LIFT. See inclined elevator under Elevator.
a hatch or hatchway was a framed opening in a floor with a hinged INCLINED STAIRWAY CHAIRLIFT, a.k.a. “Stairway
or removable cover. Now incorrectly used to describe or designate Elevator.” See Special Access Lifts.
an elevator hoistway. INCLINED WHEELCHAIR LIFT. See Special Access
HOISTWAY ACCESS SWITCH. A switch located at a land- Lifts.
ing, the function of which is to permit operation of the car with the JAMB. Any one of the three members constituting an elevator
hoistway door at this landing and the car door or gate open, in or- entrance frame, head jamb, strike jamb, and return jamb.
der to permit access to the top of the car or to the pit.
KINETIC ENERGY. The kind of energy a body has by virtue
HOISTWAY, ELEVATOR OR DUMBWAITER. A shaft- of its motion.
way for the travel of one or more elevators or dumbwaiters. It in- LABELED. Equipment or materials to which has been at-
cludes the pit and terminates at the underside of the overhead tached a label, symbol or other identifying mark of an independent
machinery space floor or grating, or at the upperside of the roof certifying organization concerned with product evaluation, that
where there is no machinery over the hoistway. maintains periodic inspection of production of labeled equipment
1. Blind Hoistway. The portion of a hoistway (shaft) where or materials and by whose labeling the manufacturer indicates
normal landing entrances are not provided. compliance with appropriate standards or performance in a speci-
fied manner.
2. Multiple Hoistway. A hoistway (shaft) with more than one
elevator, dumbwaiter or material lift. LANDING, ELEVATOR. That portion of a floor, balcony, or
platform used to receive and discharge passengers or freight. Al-
3. Single Hoistway. A hoistway (shaft) with a single elevator, though the vertical level is normally fixed, there are instances
dumbwaiter or material lift. where the landing is arranged to vary vertically to satisfy given
HOISTWAY ENCLOSURE. A fixed structure, consisting of conditions.
vertical walls or partitions, which isolates the hoistway from all Landing, Bottom Terminal. The lowest landing served by the
other parts of the building or from an adjacent hoistway and in elevator which is equipped with a hoistway door and hoistway
which the hoistway doors and door assemblies are installed. door locking device which permits egress from the hoistway side.
HOISTWAY DOOR OR GATE LOCKING DEVICE. See Landing, Top Terminal. The highest landing served by the ele-
hoistway door interlock or contact locks. vator which is equipped with a hoistway door and hoistway door
Hoistway Unit System. A series of hoistway door interlocks, locking device which permits egress from the hoistway side.
hoistway door electric contacts, or hoistway door combination Landing, Unenclosed. A landing which is open to the atmo-
mechanical locks and electric contacts, or a combination thereof, sphere or is open to an interior court of a building.
the function of which is to prevent operation of the driving ma- LANDING, ESCALATOR OR MOVING WALK. The sta-
chine by the normal operating device unless all hoistway doors are tionary area at the entrance to or exit from an escalator, a moving
in the closed position and, where so required by these regulations, walk or moving walk system.
are locked in the closed position. LANDING ZONE. A zone extending from a point 18 inches
1. Hoistway Door Interlock. A device having two related and (457 mm) below an elevator or material lift landing to a point
interdependent functions which prevent the operation of the driv- 18 inches (457 mm) above the landing.
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 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3009
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L.C. California Labor Code. 8. Indirect-drive Machine. An electric driving machine, the
LEVEL, ALTERNATE. The floor or landing selected as the motor of which is connected indirectly to the drive sheave, drum
one to which the elevator(s) are to be dispatched by activation of or shaft by means of a belt or chain through intermediate gears.
the sensing device permitted by Section 3041 (c). 9. Rack and Pinion Driving Machine. An electric driving ma-
chine in which the motion of the car is obtained by power-driven
LEVEL, DESIGNATED. The floor or landing selected as the
rotating pinion(s) mounted on the car, traveling on a stationary
one to which the elevator(s) are to be dispatched by the on position
rack mounted in the hoistway.
of the switch required by Section 3041 (c) and the landing where
the switch is intended to be located. 10. Roped Hydraulic Driving Machine. One in which the en-
ergy is applied by a piston connected to the car with wire ropes,
LEVELING DEVICE, ELEVATOR CAR. Any mechanism which operates in a cylinder under hydraulic pressure. It includes
which will either automatically or under control of the operator the cylinder, the piston and multiplying sheaves, if any, and their
move the car within the leveling zone toward the landing only, and guides.
automatically.
11. Screw Machine. An electric driving machine, the motor of
Leveling Device, One-way Automatic. A device which cor- which drives a nut on a vertical screw or rotates a vertical screw to
rects the car level only in case of under-run of the car but will not raise or lower an elevator car.
maintain the level during loading and unloading.
12. Traction Machine. A direct-drive machine in which the
Leveling Device, Two-way Automatic Maintaining. A de- motion of the car is obtained through friction between the suspen-
vice which corrects the car level on both under-run and over-run sion ropes and a traction sheave.
and maintains the level during loading and unloading.
A. Geared-traction Machine. A geared-drive traction
Leveling Device, Two-way Automatic Nonmaintaining. A machine.
device which corrects the car level on both under-run and over-run
B. Gearless-traction Machine. A traction machine, with-
but will not maintain the level during loading and unloading.
out intermediate gearing, which has the traction sheave
LEVELING ZONE. The limited distance above or below an and the brake drum mounted directly on the motor shaft.
elevator landing within which the leveling device may cause 13. Winding-drum Machine. A geared-drive machine in
movement of the car toward the landing independently of the which the hoisting ropes are fastened to and wind on a drum.
hoistway door interlock or car door or gate contact.
14. Worm-geared Machine. A direct-drive machine in which
LISTED. Equipment or materials included in a list published the energy from the motor is transmitted to the driving sheave or
by an independent certifying organization concerned with product drum through worm gearing.
evaluation that maintains periodic inspection of production of
listed equipment or materials and whose listing states whether that MAIN FLOOR. The floor providing normal egress from the
equipment or material meets appropriate standards or has been building.
tested and found suitable for use in a specified manner. MAINTENANCE. A process of routine examination, lubrica-
MACHINE AND CONTROL ROOMS, REMOTE. Rooms tion, cleaning, adjustment and replacement of parts for the pur-
that do not share a common wall, floor, or ceiling with the hoist- pose of ensuring performance in accordance with the applicable
way. code requirement.
MACHINE, DRIVING. The power unit which applies the en- MANLIFT. A device consisting of a power driven endless belt
ergy necessary to raise and lower an elevator or dumbwaiter car or moving in one direction only, and provided with steps or platforms
to drive an escalator, moving walk, or an inclined lift. and handholds attached to it for the transportation of personnel
from floor to floor.
1. Chain-drive Machine. An indirect-drive machine having a
MANLIFT, HANDHOLD (HANDGRIP). A handhold is a
chain as the connecting means.
device attached to a belt which can be grasped by the passenger to
2. Direct-drive Machine. An electric driving machine, the provide a means of maintaining balance.
motor of which is directly connected mechanically to the driving 1. Open Type. One which has a handgrip surface fully exposed
sheave, drum, or shaft without the use of belts or chain, either with and capable of being encircled by the passenger’s fingers.
or without intermediate gears.
2. Closed Type. A cup-shaped device, open at the top in the di-
3. Electric Driving Machine. One where the energy is applied rection of travel of the step for which it is to be used, and closed at
by an electric motor. It includes the motor and brake and the driv- the bottom, into which the passenger may place his fingers.
ing sheave or drum, together with its connecting gearing, belt or
chain, if any. MANLIFT, LIMIT SWITCH. A device the purpose of which
is to cut off the power to the motor and apply the brake to stop the
4. Geared-drive Machine. A direct drive machine in which the carrier in the event that a loaded step passes the terminal landing.
energy is transmitted from the motor to the driving sheave, drum,
or shaft through gearing. MANLIFT, RATED SPEED. Rated speed is the speed for
which the device is designed and installed.
5. Hydraulic Driving Machine. One in which the energy is ap-
MANLIFT, SPLIT-RAIL SWITCH. An electric limit switch
plied by means of a liquid under pressure to a cylinder equipped
operated mechanically by the rollers on the manlift steps. It con-
with a plunger or piston.
sists of an additional hinged or “split” rail, mounted on the regular
6. Hydroelectric Driving Machine. One in which the liquid is guide rail, over which the step rollers pass. It is spring loaded in the
pumped under pressure directly into the cylinder by a pump driven “split” position. If the step supports no load, the rollers will
by an electric motor without an intervening accumulator between “bump” over the switch; if a loaded step should pass over the sec-
the pump and the cylinder. tion, the split rail will be forced straight, tripping the switch and
7. Direct Plunger Driving Machine. A hydraulic driving ma- opening the electrical circuit.
chine in which the plunger or cylinder is directly attached to the MANLIFT, STEP (PLATFORM). A step is a passenger car-
car frame or platform. rying unit.
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MANLIFT, TRAVEL. The travel is the distance between the hand set timer, or any other device that performs the
centers of the top and bottom pulleys. described function.
MANUAL RESET, ESCALATOR AND MOVING WALK. B. Carrier
A means, not accessible to the general public, requiring personal (1) A device attached to or hung from trolleys to support
intervention by an authorized person prior to restarting the escala- the load.
tor or moving walk.
(2) The receptacle in which objects are placed for trans-
MASONRY. Build-up construction or combination of building mittal through a conveying system.
units or material of clay, shale, concrete, glass, gypsum, stone, or
other approved units bonded together with mortar or monolithic (3) The moving part of a vertical or inclined reciprocat-
concrete. Reinforced concrete is not classed as masonry. ing conveyor that supports the load.
MATERIAL LIFT. See Material Handling Devices. C. Control(s). The system governing the starting, stop-
ping, direction of motion, acceleration, speed, retarda-
MATERIAL HANDLING DEVICES. A hoisting or lowering tion, identification, and function of the moving member
mechanism which moves a car or platform in guides between two in a predetermined manner.
or more fixed landings and which is designed to carry inanimate
objects only. Material Handling Devices are classified by the fol- D. Controller. An electromechanical device or assembly
lowing types: of devices for starting, stopping, accelerating, or decel-
erating a drive, or serving to govern in some predeter-
1. Dumbwaiter. A dumbwaiter is an elevator, the floor area of mined manner the power delivered to the drive.
which does not exceed 9 square feet, whose total inside height,
whether or not provided with fixed or removable shelves, does not E. Drive. An assembly of the necessary structural, me-
exceed 4 feet, the capacity of which does not exceed 500 pounds, chanical, and electrical parts that provide the motive
and which is used exclusively for carrying materials. power for a conveyor.
2. Undercounter Dumbwaiter. One which has its top terminal F. Emergency Stop. A stop arising from a sudden and un-
landing located underneath a counter and which serves only this expected need, and not as a part of the normal operation.
landing and the bottom terminal landing. G. Emergency Stop Device. A device that must be actu-
3. Material Lift. A hoisting and lowering mechanism which ated in an emergency situation to stop a conveyor.
would normally be classified as an elevator but with modifications H. Enclosed. Describes guarding of moving parts in such a
to adapt it for the automatic movement of material by means of an manner that physical contact by parts of the body is pre-
integrally mounted automatic transfer device. cluded as long as the guard remains in place. The guard-
A. Automatic Transfer Device. A mechanism which auto- ing may make use of hinged, sliding, or removable doors
matically moves a load consisting of a cart, tote box, for inspection or lubrication.
pallet, wheeled vehicle, box or similar object to and I. Guard. A covering or barricade to prevent entry into op-
from the platform of the lift. erating components such as gear, chain, and nip guards;
B. Restricted Area (Applicable to Article 7-12.1). An a structure mounted below an overhead mounted con-
area through which the loads carried by the material lift veyor to protect personnel from falling materials.
travel by automatic means. The area shall extend in front J. Guarded. Shielded, fenced, enclosed, or otherwise pro-
of the entrance to the lift a distance not less than that tected by means of suitable enclosure, covers, casing,
equal to the length of the load plus 4 feet and separated shields, troughs, railings, or by nature of location so as to
from the unrestricted area by a standard guardrail or reduce foreseeable risk of personal injury.
equivalent barrier. The end of the restricted area where
K. Guarded by Location. Describes moving parts so pro-
not guarded shall be marked with a yellow line on the
tected by their remoteness from the floor, platform,
floor.
walkway, or other working level, or by their location
C. Car, Material Lift. The load carrying unit including the with reference to frame, foundation, or structure as to re-
car frame, enclosure and transfer device. duce the foreseeable risk of accidental contact by per-
4. Reciprocating Conveyor. A conveyor where the carrier sons or objects. Remoteness from foreseeable, regular,
pusher moves forward and back, or up and down in the same place. or frequent presence of public or employed personnel
may in reasonable circumstances constitute guarding by
A. Inclined Reciprocating Conveyor. A reciprocating location.
power or gravity actuated unit (not designed to carry
passengers or an operator) that receives only inanimate L. Nip Point. A point at which a machine element moving
in line meets a rotating element in such a manner that it is
objects on a carrier. These units operate on inclines gen-
possible to nip, pinch, squeeze, or entrap a person or ob-
erally in the range of 30 degrees to 70 degrees from the
jects coming into contact with one of the two members.
horizontal.
The same definition holds for the similar point with
B. Vertical Reciprocating Conveyor. A reciprocating respect to two rotating parts or two converging parts in
power or gravity actuated unit (not designed to carry linear movement.
passengers or an operator) that receives only inanimate
M. Operator’s Station. Location at which actuators are
objects on a carrier and transmits these objects vertically
placed for the purpose of starting, stopping, reversing, or
from one elevation to another.
otherwise controlling the conveyor or system of convey-
The following definitions are applicable to conveyors only. ors in the course of normal operation.
A. Actuator. A device that initiates the action of controls or N. Overload Device. A mechanical or electrical device de-
controllers and is manually operated. The actuator may signed to disconnect the driven equipment from the driv-
be a push button, toggle switch, foot pedal, hand lever, ing equipment in event of an overload on the conveyor.
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 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3009
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O. Qualified Person. A person who, by profession of a rec- NEXT AVAILABLE LANDING. The first landing, in the di-
ognized degree, certificate, or professional standing, or rection of travel, that the elevator is electrically and mechanically
who by extensive knowledge, training, and experience capable of serving during the program in effect.
has successfully demonstrated his ability to solve prob- NONSTOP SWITCH, ELEVATOR. A switch which, when
lems relating to the subject matter and work. operated, will prevent the elevator from making registered land-
P. Rated Capacity. Rated capacity shall mean the capacity ing stops.
at the rated speed, as established by the manufacturer or NONINTERFERENCE. A feature of an elevator which gives
a qualified person, at which safe and satisfactory service preference to a passenger on the elevator for direction of travel and
can be expected. of the stops, over passengers waiting at the landing.
Q. Rated Speed. Rated speed shall mean the speed of the OPERATING DEVICE. The car switch, pushbutton, lever,
conveyor, as established by the manufacturer or a quali- key, toggle switches or other manual device used to actuate the
fied person, at which safe and satisfactory service can be control.
expected. OPERATION. The method of actuating the control.
R. Remote Control. Any system of controls in which the 1. Automatic Operation. Operation wherein the starting of the
actuator is situated in a remote location. elevator car is effected in response to the momentary actuation of
S. Remote Location. Any location, with respect to the operating devices at the landing, or of operating devices in the car
conveyor, from which the presence or position of per- identified with the landings, or in response to an automatic starting
sonnel relative to the conveyor cannot be readily deter- mechanism, and wherein the car is stopped automatically at the
mined from the operator’s station. landings.
T. Safety Device. A mechanism or an arrangement placed A. Group Automatic Operation. Automatic operation of
in use for the specific purposes of preventing an unsafe two or more nonattendant elevators equipped with
condition, preventing the continuation of an unsafe con- power-operated car and hoistway doors. The operation
dition, warning of an unsafe condition, or limiting or of the cars is coordinated by a supervisory control sys-
eliminating the unsafe effects of a possible condition. tem, including automatic dispatching means, whereby
selected cars at designated dispatching points automati-
U. Walkway. An elevated passageway for persons above cally close their doors and proceed on their trips in a reg-
the surrounding floor or ground level. Included in this ulated manner. It includes one button in each car for each
definition are catwalks, footwalks, runways, and ele- landing served and up-and-down buttons at each landing
vated walkways. (single buttons at terminal landings). The stops set up by
5. Operation, Material Handling Device. Operation of a ma- the momentary actuation of the car buttons are made
terial handling device shall mean the loading, unloading and automatically in succession as a car reaches the corre-
actuation of the control. sponding landings irrespective of its direction of travel
or the sequence in which the buttons are actuated. The
6. Operator, Material Handling Device. The operator of a ma- stops set up by the momentary actuation of the landing
terial handling device shall mean the individual trained in safe buttons may be accomplished by any elevator in the
operation of the particular device. group, and are made automatically by the first available
MAY. The term “may” where used shall be construed as per- car that approaches the landing in the corresponding
missive. direction.
MODERNIZATION. See alteration, maintenance, repair and B. Nonselective Collective Automatic Operation. Auto-
replacement. matic operation by means of one button in the car for
each landing level served and one button at each landing,
MODULE. The increment of rise in a modular escalator that wherein all stops registered by the momentary actuation
one drive unit is capable of powering. of landing or car buttons are made irrespective of the
MOVING WALK. A type of passenger-carrying device on number of buttons actuated or of the sequence in which
which passengers stand or walk, and in which the passenger- the buttons are actuated. With this type of operation the
carrying surface remains parallel to its direction of motion and is car stops at all landings for which buttons have been ac-
uninterrupted. tuated, making the stops in the order in which the land-
ings are reached after the buttons have been actuated, but
Moving walks are classified by the following types: irrespective of its direction of travel.
1. Belt Type. A moving walk with a power driven continuous C. Selective Collective Automatic Operation. Automatic
belt treadway. operation by means of one button in the car for each
2. Belt Pallet Type. A moving walk with a series of connected landing level served and by up-and-down buttons at the
and power driven pallets to which a continuous belt treadway is landings, wherein all stops registered by the momentary
fastened. actuation of the car buttons are made as defined under
nonselective collective automatic operation, but where-
3. Edge-supported Belt Type. A moving walk with the tread- in the stops registered by the momentary actuation of the
way supported near its edge by a succession of rollers. landing buttons are made in the order in which the land-
4. Pallet Type. A moving walk with a series of connected and ings are reached in each direction of travel after the but-
power driven pallets which together constitute the treadway. tons have been actuated. With this type of operation, all
“up” landing calls are answered when the car is traveling
5. Roller-bed Type. A moving walk with the treadway sup- in the up direction and all “down” landing calls are an-
ported throughout its width by a succession of rollers. swered when the car is traveling in the down direction.
6. Slider-bed Type. A moving walk with the treadway sliding D. Single Automatic Operation. Automatic operation by
upon a supporting surface. means of one button in the car for each landing level
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7-3009 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
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served and one button at each landing, so arranged that if PHASE II EMERGENCY IN-CAR OPERATON. The op-
any car or landing button has been actuated, the actua- eration of an elevator by firefighters where the operation of the
tion of any other car or landing operating button will elevator is under their control.
have no effect on the operation of the car until the re- PISTON. Short cylindrical member which is provided with a
sponse of the first button has been completed. sealing means which travels with the member within a hydraulic
2. Call and Send Operation. Operation in which buttons are cylinder. Pistons may be coupled to the elevator by a coupling
provided at the landings both for calling the elevator to that land- means which passes through a sealing means provided in the cyl-
ing or for dispatching the elevator to other landings. inder head.
3. Car-switch Operation. Operation wherein the movement PIT, ELEVATOR. That portion of a hoistway extending from
and direction of travel of the car are directly and solely under the the threshold level of the lowest landing door to the floor at the
control of the operator by means of a manually operated car switch bottom of the hoistway.
or of continuous-pressure buttons in the car. PLATFORM GUARD. A smooth metal panel extending be-
low the car seal, which eliminates the opening below the platform
4. Car-switch Automatic Floor-stop Operation. Operation in when the elevator is above the landing and in the leveling zone.
which the stop is initiated by the operator from within the car with
a definite reference to the landing at which it is desired to stop, af- PLUNGER (RAM). A long cylindrical compression member
ter which the slowing down and stopping of the elevator is effected which is directly or indirectly coupled to the car frame. This mem-
automatically. ber is not provided with a sealing means. Where used in assembly
with a cylinder, the sealing means is provided on the cylinder
5. Continuous-pressure Operation. Operation by means of head. In the case of telescopic plungers and cylinders, a sealing
buttons or switches in the car and at the landings, any one of which means may be used in the moving plunger which is also a cylinder.
may be used to control the movement of the car as long as the but-
ton or switch is manually maintained in the actuating position. POSITION INDICATOR. A device that indicates the position
of the elevator car in the hoistway. It is called a hall position indi-
6. Preregister Operation. Operation in which signals to stop cator when placed at a landing, or a car position indicator when
are registered in advance by buttons in the car and at the landings. placed in the car.
At the proper point in the car travel, the operator in the car is noti- RATED LOAD. The load which the elevator, dumbwaiter, es-
fied by a signal (visual, audible, or otherwise) to initiate the stop, calator, moving walk, or inclined lift is designed and installed to
after which the landing stop is automatic. lift or move at the rated speed.
7. Signal Operation. Operation by means of single buttons or RATED SPEED. The speed at which the elevator, dumbwaiter,
switches, or both, in the car, and up-or-down direction buttons or escalator, moving walk, manlift, or inclined lift is designed to op-
both, at the landings, by which predetermined landing stops may erate under the following conditions:
be set up or registered for an elevator or for a group of elevators.
1. Elevator or Dumbwaiter. The speed in the “up” direction
The stops set up by momentary actuation of the car buttons are
with rated load in the car.
made automatically in succession as the car reaches those land-
ings, irrespective of its direction of travel or the sequence in which 2. Escalator, Moving Walk or Inclined Lift. The rate of travel
the buttons are actuated. The stops set up by the momentary actua- of the steps, treadway, or carriage, measured along the angle of in-
tion of the up-and-down buttons at the landing are made automati- clination, with rated load on the steps or carriage. In the case of a
cally by the first available car in the group approaching the landing reversible escalator, the rated speed shall be the rate of travel of the
in the corresponding direction, irrespective of the sequence in steps in the “up” direction, measured along the angle of inclina-
which the buttons are actuated. With this type of operation, the car tion, with rated load on the steps.
can be started only by means of a starting switch or button in the RECYCLING OPERATION, TELESCOPIC PLUNGER.
car. An operation for restoring the relative vertical positions of the
OPERATION, INSPECTION. A special case of continuous- multiple plungers in a telescoping plunger arrangement.
pressure operation used for troubleshooting, maintenance, repair, REHABILITATION. See alteration, maintenance, repair and
adjustment, rescue and inspection. replacement.
OVERHEAD STRUCTURE. All of the structural members, RELEASING CARRIER, GOVERNOR ROPE. A mechan-
platforms, etc., supporting the elevator machinery, sheaves, and ical device to which the governor rope may be fastened, calibrated
equipment at the top of the hoistway. to control the activation of a safety at a predetermined tripping
force.
PALLET, MOVING WALK. One of a series of rigid plat-
forms which together form an articulated treadway or the support REPAIRS. The word “repairs” where used herein shall mean
for a continuous treadway. only such work as is necessary to maintain present equipment in a
safe and serviceable condition and to adjust or replace defective,
PARKING DEVICE, ELEVATOR. An electrical or mechani- broken, or worn parts with parts made of equivalent material,
cal device, the function of which is to permit the opening from the strength, and design, and where the replacing part performs the
landing side of the hoistway door at any landing when the car is same function as the replaced part.
within the landing zone of that landing. The device may also be REPLACEMENT. The substitution of a device or component
used to close the door. in its entirety with a new unit that is basically the same as the origi-
PENETRATE A FLOOR. To pass through or pierce a floor in nal for the purpose of ensuring performance in accordance with
such a way that the opening has a continuous perimeter and is pro- applicable code requirements.
vided only to allow the equipment to pass through the floor. RESTRICTED AREA (APPLICABLE TO ARTICLE
PHASE I EMERGENCY RECALL OPERATION. The op- 7-12.1). See Material Handling Devices.
eration of an elevator wherein it is automatically or manually re- ROPE, CAR-COUNTERWEIGHT. Wire rope which does
called to a specific landing and removed from normal service not pass over the driving means used to connect the car and coun-
because of activation of firefighters’ service. terweight.
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 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3009
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

ROPE, COMPENSATING. Wire rope used to counterbal- SIGNAL DEVICE, ELEVATOR CAR FLASH. A device
ance, or partially counterbalance, the weight of the suspension providing a signal light in the car, which is illuminated when the
ropes. car approaches the landings at which a landing signal registering
device has been actuated.
ROPE, COUNTERWEIGHT. Wire rope used to raise and
lower the counterweight on an electric elevator having a winding SIGNAL REGISTERING DEVICE, ELEVATOR LAN-
drum machine or a hydraulic elevator equipped with a counter- DING. A button or other device located at the elevator landing
weight. which when actuated by a waiting passenger, causes a stop signal
to be registered by the car.
ROPE EQUALIZER, SUSPENSION. A device installed on
an elevator car or counterweight to equalize automatically the ten- SIGNAL SYSTEM, ELEVATOR SEPARATE. A system
sions in the hoisting wire ropes. consisting of buttons or other devices located at the landings
which, when actuated by a waiting passenger, illuminate a flash
ROPE-FASTENING DEVICE, AUXILIARY. A device at- signal or operate an annunciator in the car indicating floors at
tached to the car or counterweight or to the overhead dead-end which stops are to be made.
rope-hitch support which function automatically to support the car
or counterweight in case the regular wire rope fastening fails at the SIGNAL TRANSFER DEVICE, ELEVATOR AUTOMA-
point of connection to the car or counterweight or at the overhead TIC. A device by means of which a signal registered in a car is au-
dead-end hitch. tomatically transferred to the next car following, in case the first
car passes a floor for which a signal has been registered without
ROPE, GOVERNOR. Wire rope with at least one end fastened making a stop.
to the safety activating means or governor rope releasing carrier,
passing over and driving the governor sheave, and providing con- SIGNAL TRANSFER SWITCH, ELEVATOR. A manually
tinuous information on the speed and direction of the car or coun- operated switch, located in the car, by means of which the operator
terweight. can transfer a signal to the next car approaching in the same direc-
tion, when the operator desires to pass a floor at which a signal has
ROPE SPROCKET DRIVE. A driving means consisting of been registered.
wire rope with fixed links at constant intervals throughout its SLACK-ROPE SWITCH. A device which automatically
length. The links engage in slots on a grooved drive cog to provide causes the electric power to be removed from the elevator driving-
a positive drive force. machine motor and brake when the hoisting ropes of a winding-
ROPE SUSPENSION (HOISTING). Wire rope used to raise drum machine become slack.
and lower an elevator car or its counterweight, or both. Sleeving (Liner). The insertion of a smaller-diameter cylinder
RUNBY, BOTTOM ELEVATOR CAR. The distance be- inside the existing cylinder of a hydraulic driving machine.
tween the car buffer striker plate and the striking surface of the car Slope, Moving Walk. The angle which the treadway makes
buffer when the car floor is level with the bottom terminal landing. with the horizontal.
RUNBY, BOTTOM ELEVATOR COUNTERWEIGHT. SOLID STATE DEVICE. An element that can control current
The distance between the counterweight buffer striker plate and without moving parts.
the striking surface of the counterweight buffer when the car floor
Speed Governor. A continuous operating speed monitoring
is level with the top terminal landing.
and detection device which, at predetermined speeds, provides
RUNBY, TOP, DIRECT-PLUNGER HYDRAULIC ELE- signals to the controller and imparts a retarding force to activate
VATOR. The distance the elevator car can run above its top termi- the car or counterweight safety.
nal landing before the plunger strikes its mechanical stop. Starter’s Control Panel, Elevator. An assembly of devices by
SAFETY BULKHEAD. A closure at the bottom of the cylin- means of which the starter may control the manner in which an
der located above the cylinder head and provided with an orifice elevator or group of elevators function.
for controlling the loss of fluid in the event of cylinder head SPECIAL ACCESS LIFTS.
failure.
1. Inclined Stairway Chairlift, a.k.a. “Stairway Elevator.”
SAFETY, CAR OR COUNTERWEIGHT. A mechanical de- An inclined stairway chairlift is a seat(s) or chair(s) that travels on
vice attached to the car frame or to an auxiliary frame, or to the a stairway.
counterweight frame, to stop and hold the car or counterweight in
2. Gurney Lift. A gurney lift is a hoisting and lowering mecha-
case of predetermined overspeed or free fall, or if the hoisting
nism, for use by a person(s) in a gurney, stretcher or similar device
ropes slacken.
and an attendant(s) and possibly a support system. It consists of a
SCREW COLUMN. A vertical structural member provided platform with a minimal enclosure that moves through a fixed
with screw threads which supports the car of a screw column ele- course either vertically or on an incline, and is used or fixed in a
vator. The screw column may be either in tension or compression. permanent location. The Division shall determine the specific lifts
SEISMIC SWITCH. See Earthquake Protection Devices. which are gurney lifts, for the purpose of these orders. This deter-
mination shall apply equally to all similar or identical lifts used in
SHAFT, SHAFTWAY. See Hoistway. a similar manner.
SHALL. The term “shall” where used shall be construed as 3. Platform (Wheelchair) Lift. A wheelchair lift is a hoisting
mandatory. and lowering mechanism for use by a person unable to use stairs. It
consists of a platform with a minimal enclosure that moves
SHOULD. The term “should” where used shall be construed as
through a fixed course either vertically or on an incline (which is
advisory.
often a stairway), and is used or fixed in a permanent location. The
SIGHT GUARD. A vertical member mounted on the hoistway Division shall determine the specific lifts which are wheelchair
side, leading edge of the hoistway door. It is used to reduce the lifts, for the purpose of these orders. This determination shall ap-
opening between the leading edges of the hoistway door and the ply equally to all similar or identical lifts used in a similar or iden-
car door. tical manner.
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7-3009 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

A. Inclined Platform (Wheelchair) Lift. An inclined The device includes the terminal stopping switch, together with
wheelchair lift is a wheelchair lift designed to operate on such terminal slow-down switches necessary to stop the car at or
an incline which is often a stairway. near the terminal landing.
B. Vertical Platform (Wheelchair) Lift. A vertical THRESHOLD COMB, MOVING WALK. The toothed por-
wheelchair lift is a wheelchair lift designed to operate tion of a threshold plate designed to mesh with a grooved treadway
vertically. surface.
The following definitions are applicable to Special Access Lift THRESHOLD PLATE, MOVING WALK. That portion of
only. the landing adjacent to the treadway consisting of one or more sta-
tionary or slightly movable plates.
1. Runway. For stairway chairlifts and wheelchair lifts, the
space in which the car, platform, or seat moves. TRANSOM. A panel or panels used to close a hoistway enclo-
sure opening above a hoistway entrance.
2. Side Guard. The panels on the sides of the wheelchair lift
platform not used for entrance. They are usually 42 inches (1.067 TRAVEL OR RISE. The vertical distance between the bottom
m) high and are a form of car enclosure. terminal landing and the top terminal landing of an elevator,
dumbwaiter, escalator, and inclined lift.
3. Toe Guard. Toe guard refers to the panels extending below
the platform. They eliminate all accessible areas under the plat- TRAVELING CABLE. A cable made up of electric conduc-
form when it is above the lower landing. It may be a telescoping- tors which provides electrical connection between an elevator or
type device. dumbwaiter car and a fixed connection in the hoistway.
STAGE LIFT. A stage lift is a hoisting and lowering mecha- TREADWAY, MOVING WALK. The passenger-carrying
nism with a platform that at some elevation is a stage or a part of a member of a moving walk.
stage, such as an orchestra pit. The division shall determine the TRUCK-ZONING DEVICE, ELEVATOR. A device which
specific lifts which are stage lifts, for the purpose of these orders. will permit the operator in the car to move a freight elevator within
This determination shall apply equally to all similar or identical the truck zone with the car door or gate and a hoistway door or gate
lifts used in a similar or identical manner. open.
STATIC SWITCHING. Switching of circuits by means of sol- TRUCK ZONE, ELEVATOR. The limited distance above an
id state devices. elevator landing within which the truck-zoning device permits
STOPPING DEVICE, ELEVATOR LANDING. A button or movement of the elevator car.
other device located at an elevator landing which when activated U-GROOVE. A shape of groove used on the drive sheave of a
causes the elevator car to stop at that floor. double wrap traction machine, approximately a semicircle, with a
STOPPING DEVICES, NORMAL. The automatic device radius approximately equal to the diameter of the hoist rope.
used to actuate the control to slow and stop an elevator or dumb- UNDERCUTTING. A process of removing, by sawing or
waiter car at any landing. scraping, part of the mica until it is below the surface of the copper
SUPPLY PIPING. The piping for a hydraulic elevator between of a commutator.
the control valves and the driving member of the driving machine. UNDERCUT U-GROOVE. A modified v-groove which has
TERMINAL SPEED LIMITING DEVICE, EMERGEN- the lower sides cut in the shape of a U.
CY. A device which automatically reduces the speed as a car ap- UNLOCKING ZONE. A zone extending from the landing
proaches a terminal landing, independently of the functioning of floor level to a point not less than 3 inches (76 mm) nor more than
the operating device, and the normal terminal stopping device, if 18 inches (457 mm) above or below the landing.
the latter fails to slow down the car as intended.
VALLEY BREAK. A broken wire in a wire rope in which the
TERMINAL STOPPING DEVICE, EMERGENCY. A de- outside wire of a strand breaks in the immediate vicinity of the
vice which automatically causes the power to be removed from point where it contacts a wire or wires of an adjacent strand, gener-
the electric elevator driving machine motor and brake, or from a ally at a point not visible when the wire rope is examined external-
hydraulic elevator machine, at a predetermined distance from the ly. One end of the broken wire is long enough to reach from one
terminal landing and independently of the functioning of the nor- valley to the next one and the other end of the broken wire general-
mal stopping device, the operating device and normal terminal ly cannot be seen.
stopping device, if the normal terminal stopping device does not
slow down the car as intended. VANE. (1) A thin piece of metal attached to a stationary struc-
ture in the hoistway to provide the actuating part of a magnetically
TERMINAL STOPPING DEVICE, FINAL. A device which operated switch assembly mounted on the car. These switches are
automatically causes the power to be removed from an electric used to perform several functions. (2) A device mounted on a car
elevator or dumbwaiter driving machine motor and brake, or from door panel to transmit door operating power to the hoistway door.
a hydraulic elevator or dumbwaiter machine, independently of the
functioning of the normal terminal stopping device, the normal V-GROOVE. One form of traction sheave groove which is
stopping device, the operating device, or any emergency terminal contoured in the shape of a straight-sided, flat bottom V.
stopping device, after the car has passed a terminal landing. VISION PANEL. A small glass panel located in entrance doors
TERMINAL STOPPING DEVICE, MACHINE FINAL. A to permit the passengers or attendant to see when the car has
final terminal stopping device operated directly by the driving reached the landing.
machine. VOLATILE MEMORY. Memory lost when operating power
TERMINAL STOPPING DEVICE, NORMAL. A device or is removed.
devices used to slow down and stop an elevator or dumbwaiter car WAITING PASSENGER INDICATOR. An indicator which
automatically at or near a terminal landing independently of the shows at which landings and for which direction elevator hall
functioning of the normal stopping device or the operating device. stop-or-signal calls have been registered and are unanswered.
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 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3009
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

WEATHERPROOF. So constructed or protected that expo- WORKING PRESSURE. The pressure measured at the cylin-
sure to the weather will not interfere with its successful operation. der of a hydraulic elevator when lifting the car and its rated load at
rated speed, or, with Class C-2 loading when leveling up with
WIDTH, MOVING WALK. The exposed width of the tread- maximum static load.
way.
YIELD STRENGTH. The tensile stress that is sufficient to
WINDOW. An assembly consisting of a surrounding frame and produce a permanent deformation of 0.2%.
one or more sashes, ventilators or fixed lights, or a combination of NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
these, designed to be installed in a wall opening for the purpose of Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
admitting light or air or both. Code.

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 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
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18
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3010
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

GROUP II. EXISTING ELEVATOR INSTALLATIONS

Group II regulations apply to existing elevators installed prior to October 26, 1998. Italicized paragraphs,
sentences, or phrases apply to all existing elevators while nonitalicized apply to elevators
installed after 1970 or after the date the regulation was adopted.

Article 7-7. Hoistways, Hoistway Enclosures and Related Construction for

Power Cable-driven Passenger and Freight Elevators

Scope. 6. The hoistway enclosure of observation elevators shall com-

This article applies to electric cabled elevators of a convention- ply with the following:
al type and to other types of elevators or lifts only as referenced in A. The hoistway enclosure on the side facing a car entrance
their respective articles. shall extend from floor to floor vertically and 8 inches
beyond the line of moving equipment in the hoistway on
Construction of Hoistways and Hoistway Enclosures. each side and shall comply with the requirements for
7-3010. fully enclosed hoistways.
The hoistway enclosure shall be building walls, ceiling materi- B. A hoistway enclosure not less than 8 feet high shall be
als, and fireproofing conforming to governing building codes. The provided at the sides or rear of any landing or level
regulations included in this section establish minimum standards where any means of access is within 4 feet of the line of
for hoistway enclosures. These regulations are not intended to moving equipment in the hoistway.
supersede applicable local building codes establishing higher
standards. C. Landings or levels not used for observation purposes
shall be provided with a fully enclosed hoistway.
(a) Enclosures of Hoistways. (b) Strength of Enclosures.
1. All sides of elevator hoistways on new installations shall be 1. Enclosures shall be so supported and braced as to deflect not
fully and permanently enclosed except for the necessary en- more than 1 inch when subjected to a force of 100 pounds applied
trances. horizontally at any one point. Existing enclosures shall not deflect
EXCEPTION: Observation elevators which comply with applica- into the minimum running clearance allowed between the elevator
ble requirements of Sections listed in Design Section 7-3113 (a). car or counterweight and the enclosure when subjected to a simi-
A. Glass used in hoistways or as part of the hoistway enclo- lar force.
sure shall be laminated glass conforming to the require- 2. The hoistway enclosure adjacent to landing openings and the
ments of ANSI Z97.1. structure supporting the doors or gates and their locks shall be of
2. All sides of existing elevator hoistways shall be permanently sufficient strength to support in true alignment the landing doors
enclosed, except for the necessary entrances, to a height of not less or gates with their operating mechanism and locking devices.
than 6 feet above each floor and shall also conform to the follow- (c) Construction at Bottom of Hoistways.
ing: 1. Pits extending into the ground shall be so designed as to pre-
A. The enclosure shall extend from the floor to the ceiling vent entry of ground water into the pit.
on the counterweight portion, which shall extend at least 2. The pit floor of any hoistway not extending to the ground
6 inches each side of the counterweight and from the shall be capable of sustaining a live load of not less than 125
floor to the ceiling on the entrance side, except for the pounds per square foot in all open areas. Elevator equipment
necessary entrance. weight and forces resulting from compensating sheave or buffer
B. The maximum height of the entrance on elevators with- impact shall be considered when this equipment is supported by
out car gates will be the height of the car crosshead or the pit-floor structure.
10 feet for elevators without a crosshead. Above this (d) Floor Over Hoistways of Power Elevators.
height, the front of the hoistway shall be enclosed. 1. Where the elevator machine is located over the hoistway, a
C. Where material is stored on any side of the hoistway, the metal or concrete floor shall be provided above or level with the
hoistway enclosure on that side shall extend to the ceil- top of the machine beams.
ing or at least 6 feet above the stored material. A. The floor is not required to be located below the secon-
3. Enclosures shall be building walls, solid fixed partitions, dary or deflecting sheaves of traction machines pro-
metal grating, wood, or grillwork. Where grillwork is used, the vided the sheaves can be serviced from the top of the car,
wire shall be not less than No. 10 W & M gage steel wire, 0.135 or means are provided for servicing the sheaves from
inches diameter. outside the hoistway.
4. The openings in grillwork or between vertical boards shall 2. Where the elevator machine is located below or at the side of
reject a 2-inch ball. Vertical slots exceeding 1 inch in width shall the hoistway, a metal or concrete floor shall be provided below the
not exceed 24 inches in length. overhead sheaves unless the following requirements are con-
formed to:
5. When moving parts within the hoistway, including sliding A. Means of access for inspection and servicing of each
doors, are closer than 4 inches from the outside face of the enclo- governor is provided from outside the hoistway in such a
sure, the openings in the grillwork or between vertical boards or manner that the action of the tripping mechanism can be
bars shall not exceed 1/2 inch in width or length. inspected while the car is running and the governor, and
A combination of steel bars or vertical boards, spaced as speci- governor switches where provided, can be reset by a per-
fied in Section (a) 4, covered with hardware cloth or of grillwork son working from a permanent platform furnished as
covered with hardware cloth may be used for such enclosures. part of this access means.
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7-3011 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

B. When the car is level with the top landing, the center line 2. Enclosures shall be of substantial construction at least 6 feet
of the overhead sheaves or hoist rope dead end hitch high, and if of openwork material shall reject a ball 2 inches in
plates shall not be more than 6 feet above the crosshead diameter.
or 8 feet above the car top. (b) Equipment in Machine Rooms of Power Elevators.
C. A top-of-car inspection station conforming to Section 1. Where the elevator machine and control equipment are
7-3040 (a) 4 is provided. located at the top of the hoistway, they may be located in a room or
space containing other machinery and equipment essential to the
D. An access switch for access to the top of the car conform-
operation of the building, provided that they are separated from
ing to Section 7-3021 (k) is provided.
the other machinery or equipment by a substantial metal grille en-
3. The floor shall be capable of sustaining a concentrated load closure not less than 6 feet high with a door or gate conforming to
of 300 pounds on any 4 square inches; and where it constitutes the Section 7-3011 (d). The grille enclosure shall be of a design which
floor of the main or secondary level machinery space, it shall be will reject a ball 2 inches in diameter.
designed for a live load of not less than 125 pounds per square foot A. Elevated machine or control areas within an equipment
in all open areas. Where the elevator machine is to be supported room shall have a wall or enclosure, including access
solely by the machine room floor slab, the floor slab shall be de- means, that provides a barrier not less than 6 feet high
signed in accordance with the requirements of Design Section above the adjacent floor. The raised platform shall be
7-3111 (a). guarded by at least a standard guardrail with a standard
4. The openings in perforated or open work metal floors shall toeboard.
reject a ball 1/2 inch in diameter and the greatest dimension shall 2. Where the elevator machine and control equipment are not
be not more than 3 inches. Cable or tape openings in floors shall located at the top of the hoistway, a separate machine room shall
be protected by a guard not less than 4 inches high. be provided and only machinery and equipment required for the
operation of the elevator shall be permitted in the elevator ma-
5. The floor shall extend over the entire area of the hoistway
chine room.
where cross-sectional area is 100 square feet or less. Where the
cross-sectional area is greater, the floor shall extend not less than 3. The enclosure for the elevator equipment shall be arranged so
2 feet beyond the general contour of the machine or sheaves or that passage through the machine room or enclosure is not neces-
other equipment and to the entrance to the machinery space at or sary to gain access to other equipment or other parts of the build-
above the level of the platform. Where the floor does not cover the ing.
entire horizontal area of the hoistway, the open or exposed sides EXCEPTION: Passage to enclosed equipment installed within the
shall be provided with a standard guardrail and toeboard. elevator machine room to provide the ventilation required by Section
7-3011 (f) 2A.
6. Differences in level of machine room and machinery space 4. Elevator machine rooms or enclosed areas shall be kept free
floors shall be avoided when practicable. Where there is a differ- of all materials except those used for repair or maintenance of the
ence in level in such floors exceeding 15 inches, a standard guar- elevator. Machine rooms shall be kept reasonably clean.
drail shall be provided at the edge of the higher level, and stairs or a
ladder shall be provided for access between levels. (c) Access to Machine Rooms and Machinery Spaces. Per-
manent means for safe and convenient access shall be provided to
(e) Projections, Recesses, and Setbacks in Hoistway Enclo- all machine rooms, overhead sheave spaces provided with a floor,
sures of Power Elevators. Hoistway enclosures shall have sub- and secondary levels. This access shall be independent of the
stantially flush surfaces on the hoistway side, subject to the hoistway or car.
following: 1. Where passage over roofs is necessary to reach the means of
1. Landing sills, hoistway doors, door tracks and hangers may access to machine rooms or machinery spaces, the following re-
project inside the general line of the hoistway. Landing sills and quirements shall be conformed to:
associated facia-guards shall comply with subsection 7-3020 A. A stairway, conforming to applicable building codes,
(a) 3. shall be provided from the top floor of the building to the
NOTE: The intent of this order is to allow recesses necessary for the exit door at the roof level.
installation of elevator equipment and minor recesses caused by floor B. Where the passage is over a sloping roof having a slope
beams and slabs. The phrase substantially flush does not include un- exceeding 15 degrees from the horizontal, an unob-
necessary horizontal surfaces or surface projections such as reinforc-
ing rods, snapties, screws, etc., which may cause injury.
structed, permanent, and substantial walkway not less
than 24 inches wide, equipped on at least one side with a
Machine Rooms and Machinery Spaces. standard railing, shall be provided from the building exit
7-3011. door at the roof level to the means of access to the
machine room or machinery spaces.
(a) Enclosure of Machine Rooms and Machinery Spaces.
The enclosure shall be building walls, ceiling material, and fire- 2. The means of access to machine rooms or to machinery
proofing conforming to the governing building codes. The materi- spaces shall conform to the following:
al and height limitations outlined in this section establish the A. Where the floor of the machine room or of the machinery
minimum standards for machine room enclosures. These regula- space is more than 8 inches above or below the floor or
tions are not intended to supersede applicable local building codes roof from which the means of access leads, stairs, or
establishing higher standards. ladders shall be provided between such levels.
1. Elevator driving machines, motor generator sets, control- B. Where the difference in levels is not more than 3 feet, a
lers, and auxiliary control equipment shall be installed in a room vertical ladder with handgrips may be provided.
or enclosure set aside for that purpose. C. Where the difference in levels is more than 3 feet, stairs
EXCEPTION: Machines and associated equipment as installed be- having a maximum angle of 60 degrees from the hori-
fore June 5, 1947, in machine rooms or machinery spaces accessible zontal and equipped with a standard stair railing shall be
only to authorized attendants. provided.
20
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3012
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

EXCEPTIONS: 1. Alternating tread stairs as permitted by Section (f) Lighting and Ventilation of Machine Rooms and
3234 of the General Industry Safety Orders. Machinery Spaces.
2. Vertical ladders may be used where the differences in level are
more than 3 feet for access from interior building floors or from
1. Permanent lighting and convenience outlets shall be pro-
machine rooms to machinery spaces containing overhead sheaves, sec- vided and installed to comply with the requirements of the State
ondary and deflecting sheaves, or governors. Electrical Code. See Article 620.
D. A platform shall be provided at the top of stairs or lad- 2. Machine Rooms shall be provided with uniform natural or
ders conforming to and where required by Article 4 of mechanical ventilation of sufficient capacity to maintain a tem-
the General Industry Safety Orders. perature of not more than 104_F regardless of outside tempera-
ture.
E. Standard handrails, guardrails, toeboards, and stair rail-
ings shall conform to the regulations of Article 2 of the A. Where mechanical ventilation equipment is provided, it
General Industry Safety Orders. shall be located outside the elevator machine room,
where possible. When located within the machine room,
(d) Access Doors. it shall be isolated from the elevator equipment by an en-
1. Elevator machine rooms or enclosures shall be secured closure conforming to Section 7-3011 (a).
against unauthorized access. Access doors shall be provided for (g) Work Space Required in Machine Rooms and Machin-
all elevator machine rooms or enclosures and shall conform to the ery Spaces.
following: 1. There shall be a clear work space and passageway at least
A. Have minimum width of 30 inches and a minimum 18 inches wide on at least three sides of every elevator machine.
height of 6 feet for machine rooms and a minimum EXCEPTION: A second side of the machine may be partially or to-
tally blocked by an enclosure or equipment, thereby reducing the re-
height of 30 inches for other spaces specified in Sections quired work space and passageway, provided the following are
7-3011 (e) 2 and 7-3011 (e) 3. conformed to:
B. Be self-closing. 1. Safe access to and a minimum of 18 inches work space is pro-
C. Be provided with a spring-type lock to permit the door to vided for machine parts that require inspection, service, and adjust-
ment when the machine is in operation; and
be opened from the inside without a key.
2. Parts that normally do not require service, repair, or inspection
EXCEPTION: Doors are not required at openings in machine room when the machine is in operation shall be provided with access, or can
floors for access to deflecting and secondary sheave spaces provided be made accessible when protective guards, etc., are removed, and ade-
the floor access opening is provided on all four sides with a standard quate work space to perform the work is provided.
railing, one side of which is arranged to slide or swing to provide access NOTE: The intent of this regulation is to locate the machine, with
to the ladder or stairs leading to the secondary sheave space. Trap respect to the adjacent enclosure and other machine room equipment,
doors, where provided, shall have standard railings or guard wings on so that safe and convenient access is provided for inspection, service,
all open sides and shall be arranged to be secured in the open position. and adjustment. Safe working conditions for future major repairs
See Section 7-3011 (e) 3. should be considered when locating the machine and adjacent equip-
D. Keys to access the elevator machine rooms and machin- ment.
ery space enclosures shall be kept in the elevator pit. The 2. Governors, motor generator sets, and other devices, shall
keys shall be properly identified, located near the pit have a clear work space and passageway at least 18 inches wide
stop switch, and shall be accessible from the pit access and 6 feet 6 inches high on at least one side, and no passageway
door. In buildings with banks of multiple elevators, the shall exist between various devices, or devices and the walls, less
keys shall be kept in the elevator pit of the elevator with than 18 inches wide.
the lowest state identification number. The commutator end of motor generator sets shall be exposed to
allow safe access for servicing and adjusting.
(e) Headroom in Machine Rooms and Overhead Machinery
Spaces. 3. The clear work space in front of and in back of control panels
and the passage space at the ends of control panels shall conform
1. Elevator machine rooms and machinery spaces not located to the State Electrical Code. See Article 620.
over the hoistway shall have a headroom of not less than 7 feet. 4. The clear work space in front of, and the accessibility of the
2. Where a floor is provided at the top of the hoistway, elevator power disconnect switches, shall conform to the requirements of
machine rooms and overhead machinery spaces above such floor the State Electrical Code. See Article 620.
shall have a clear headroom of not less than the following: (h) Identification Required. Where there is more than one ele-
vator, each elevator shall be assigned a different number. This
A. Machine, control, and motor generator rooms, 7 feet. number shall be used to clearly identify all major components of
B. Spaces containing only overhead, secondary or deflect- that piece of equipment in the machine room and machinery
ing sheaves, 3 feet 6 inches. spaces.
C. Spaces containing only overhead, secondary or deflect- NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
ing sheaves, and governors, 4 feet 6 inches. Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Code.
D. Under Sections 7-3011 (e) 2B and 7-3011 (e) 2C, the ma-
chine or supporting beams may encroach on the required Electrical Wiring, Pipes, and Ducts in Elevator Hoistways,
headroom provided there is clearance of not less than Machine Rooms, or Machinery Spaces.
3 feet below the underside of machine beams or not less 7-3012.
than 3 feet above the top of overhead sheave supporting (a) Wiring Methods in Hoistways and Machine Rooms. The
beams with at least a 2-foot-wide clear passageway. installation of all electrical wiring in hoistways and machine
3. Separate access to each secondary or deflecting sheave space rooms, except as may be provided elsewhere in these regulations,
shall be provided unless a clear passageway not less than 4 feet shall comply with the State Electrical Regulations. The special re-
high and 2 feet wide is provided from one space to another in mul- quirements for elevators may be found in Article 620.
tiple hoistway installations. This height may be reduced to 3 feet (b) Installation of Pipes and Ducts Conveying Gases, Va-
between the machine beams and the sheave space floor. pors, or Liquids in Hoistways, Machine Rooms, or Machinery
NOVEMBER 15, 2002 SUPPLEMENT 21
7-3013 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Spaces. Pipes or ducts conveying gases, vapors, or liquids, and 1. Exposed external moving parts such as gears, sprockets,
not used in connection with the operation of the elevator, shall not sheaves, drums, shafts and their driving ropes, chains or tapes for
be installed in any hoistway, machine room, or machinery space. selectors, floor controllers or signal machines.
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Pipes or ducts that were installed before June 5, EXCEPTION: Guards are not required for equipment located
1947, and which convey gases, vapors, or liquids which if discharged more than 7 feet above the floor.
into the hoistway would not endanger life. 2. The nip points of the drive sheave of traction machines where
2. Steam and hot water pipes may be installed in hoistways, machine the machine frame does not provide this protection.
rooms, or machinery spaces for the purpose of heating these areas only,
subject to the following: 3. All moving parts of the equipment in secondary sheave
A. Heating pipes shall convey only low pressure steam (5 pounds spaces shall be completely guarded except the governor sheave
per square inch or less) or hot water (212_F or less). and flyballs. Expanded metal or grillwork shall be used for secon-
B. All risers and return pipes shall be located outside the hoistway. dary sheave guards.
C. Traps and shut-off valves shall be provided in accessible loca- EXCEPTION: Guards are not required for equipment located
tions outside the hoistway. more than 7 feet above the secondary sheave space floor.
3. Ducts for heating, cooling, ventilating, and venting may be 4. The moving parts of equipment in overhead sheave spaces
installed in the machine room, subject to the following:
having a ceiling height of less than 6 feet 6 inches shall be com-
A. Clear headroom of 7 feet is maintained. pletely guarded except the governor sheave and flyballs.
B. Clear work space around all elevator equipment is maintained.
C. No inspection covers, adjustable dampers or clean-outs are 5. The moving parts of equipment in overhead sheave spaces
installed in the elevator machine room. shall be guarded when it is necessary to pass over or by the moving
4. Pipes for sprinklers only may be installed in these spaces subject parts to gain access to the governor.
to the following: (b) Guarding in the Hoistway and on the Car. The following
A. All risers and returns shall be located outside these spaces. equipment located in the elevator hoistway or on the elevator car
B. Branch lines in the hoistway shall supply sprinklers at not more shall be guarded to protect against accidental contact:
than one floor level.
C. Shut-off valves shall be provided at accessible locations outside 1. Hoisting rope sheaves attached to and mounted above the car
these spaces. crosshead shall be completely guarded. Handholds shall be pro-
D. Sprinkler heads shall be guarded against accidental contact. vided on each side of the guard.
5. Piping and wiring for elevator pit sump pump may be installed in 2. Hoisting rope sheaves mounted within the car crosshead shall
the hoistway. See Section 7-3016 (b). be provided with guards at the exposed nip points.
Location and Guarding of Counterweights. 3. Where secondary or deflecting sheaves are located on the
7-3013. hoisting side of overhead machines, the ropes shall be guarded at
(a) Location. Counterweights shall be located only in the hoist- the point of contact with the sheave, except where the bottom of
way of the elevator they serve. the sheave is more than 7 feet above the crosshead of the car when
the car is at the top terminal landing.
(b) Counterweight Pit Guards. Counterweight runway enclo-
sures of unperforated metal, extending from a point not more than 4. Where overhead sheaves are located above the crosshead, the
12 inches above the pit floor to a point not less than 7 feet above ropes attached to the crosshead shall be guarded at the point of
the pit floor, shall be installed on the open side or sides of all coun- contact with the overhead sheave unless the sheave is located in an
terweights, except this enclosure may be omitted on the side facing overhead sheave space.
the car where compensating roper chains are attached to the 5. Ventilating fans or blowers installed on the car top shall be
counterweight. guarded.
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Where oil buffers are installed under the coun-
terweights in the pits of new installations, the enclosure, where re-
(c) Rope Retainer Guards. Rope retainer guards shall be pro-
quired, shall extend from a point even with the bottom of the buffer vided on deflector sheaves, machine sheaves, compensator rope
stroke to a height of not less than 7 feet above the pit floor. sheaves, governor tension sheaves and hoist rope sheaves on cars
2. Elevators installed before June 5, 1947. The enclosure shall be and counterweights to inhibit displacement of ropes in the event
fastened to a metal frame adequately reinforced and braced to be at ropes become slack.
least equal in strength and stiffness to No. 14 M.S. gage steel.
Rope guards shall be continuous or there shall be one restraint
(c) Guarding of Counterweights in a Multiple-elevator for 30 degrees wrap or less, and two restraints for wraps in excess
Hoistway. of 30 degrees. Where one restraint is furnished, it shall divide the
1. Where counterweights are located between elevators in a arc of contact into equal parts. Where two restraints are furnished,
hoistway having more than one elevator, the counterweight shall they shall be located approximately 1/6 of the arc of contact from
be guarded for the entire height of the hoistway. The guard shall the nip points.
extend at least 6 inches horizontally beyond each counterweight (d) Snag Guards. Snag points created by rail brackets, clip
rail. The guard shall be made from wire-mesh material equal to or bolts and fishplates shall be provided with guards to prevent snag-
stronger than 0.048-inch-diameter wire with openings not exceed- ging of the following:
ing 1/2 inch, securely fastened to keep the guard taut and plumb.
2. The guarding of counterweights required in Section 3013 (c) 1. Compensating cables on the counterweight and within
(1) shall be accomplished within three years of the effective date 30 inches of a counterweight rail bracket.
of this regulation. 2. Governor ropes located within 20 inches of a counterweight
Guarding of Exposed Equipment. rail bracket.
7-3014. 3. Hoist ropes located within 12 inches of a snag point.
(a) Guarding in Machine Rooms and Machinery Spaces. 4. Traveling cables hung so any portion of their loop below the
The following equipment located in machine rooms or machinery hatch junction box is within 36 inches horizontally of a potential
spaces shall be guarded to protect against accidental contact: snag point.
22 NOVEMBER 15, 2002 SUPPLEMENT
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3015
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Machinery and Sheave Beams, Supports, and Foundations. Section 7-3111 (a), shall not exceed those permitted by Design
7-3015. Sections 7-3111 (a) and 7-3111 (b).
(a) Beams and Supports Required. Pits for Elevators.
1. Machines, machinery, and sheaves shall be so supported and 7-3016.
maintained in place as to effectually prevent any part from becom- (a) Where Required. A pit shall be provided at the bottom of
ing loose or displaced under the conditions imposed in service. the hoistway of every power-driven elevator. The pit shall extend
the entire area of the hoistway.
2. Supporting beams, if used, shall be of steel, reinforced con-
crete, or, for existing installations, sound timber. (b) Design and Construction of Pits.
3. Beams are not required under machines, sheaves, and ma- 1. See Section 7-3010 (c) for details of pit construction.
chinery, or control equipment which are supported on floors, pro- 2. The pit depth shall be not less than is required for the installa-
vided such floors are designed and installed to support the load tion of the buffers, compensating sheaves, if any, and all other
imposed thereon. elevator equipment located therein, and to provide the minimum
(b) Loads on Machinery and Sheave Beams, Floors or bottom clearance and runby required by Section 7-3017.
Foundations, and Their Supports. 3. The floor of the pit shall be approximately level, but suffi-
1. Overhead beams, floors, and their supports shall be designed cient slope shall be allowed for drainage. No recess shall be al-
for the loads specified in Design Section 7-3111 (a) 2. lowed unless covered or guarded.
4. Drains connected directly to sewers shall not be installed in
2. The foundations, beams, and floors for machinery not located elevator pits.
over the hoistway shall be designed to support the loads specified
in Design Section 7-3111 (a) 3. 5. Drains or sumps in elevator pits shall not be used as the nor-
mal means of drainage for liquids directed into the pit from other
(c) Securing of Machinery and Equipment to Beams, areas of the building.
Foundations or Floors.
6. Pumping equipment provided to remove accidental water
1. Machinery or equipment shall be secured to and supported on from the pit shall be located outside the hoistway where practica-
or from the top of overhead beams or floors. ble or shall be of the type that can be readily removed from the
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Secondary or deflecting sheaves of traction hoistway for repairs.
elevators. If bolts in tension are used to support such sheaves, the bolts (c) Guards Between Adjacent Pits. Enclosures not less than
shall be provided with lock nuts and shall be cotter-keyed.
6 feet high shall be provided between pits of adjacent hoistways.
2. Rotable overhead sheaves whose members in tension comply Where openings are provided in the enclosure, they shall not ex-
with the requirements of Design Section 7-3101 (b) 1C.
ceed 2 inches. Where a ladder is provided on the enclosure, the en-
2. Machines and sheaves located below or at one side of a hoist- closure shall extend not less than 6 feet above the top rung and not
way shall be anchored to beams, foundations, or floors with bolts less than 12 inches each side of the side rails.
that meet the specifications of Design Section 7-3111 (c) 1.
EXCEPTION: Enclosures between pits may be omitted if the
A. Where bolts are used through sloping flanges of struc- clearance between the underside of the car sling, when resting on the
tural shapes, the boltheads shall be of the tipped or fully compressed buffer, and the bottom of the pit is not less than 7 feet;
beveled-head type or shall be fitted with beveled steel and provided that where counterweights are located between pits they
shall be guarded on the side away from the elevator they serve, even
washers, and nuts on sloping flanges shall seat on though they may have compensating ropes or chains.
beveled steel washers.
(d) Access to Pits. Safe and convenient access shall be provided
3. The fastenings including vibration isolation units and sup- to all pits. Access may be by means of the lowest hoistway door or
porting structures used to attach controllers, motor generators by means of a separate pit access door. Each pit of multiple hoist-
sets, compensating rope sheave assemblies, machines, machine ways shall have a separate means of access except where a sepa-
beams, and sheaves to the building shall conform to Section rate pit access door is provided and guards between pits are not
7-3111 (c) 3. required.
(d) Overhead Hoisting Rope Hitches. Where hoisting ropes 1. Where access to the pit is by way of a separate pit door or gate,
are secured to the structure above a hoistway, the hitch plates and the door or gate shall be self-closing and self-locking and shall be
hitchplate blocking beams, where used, shall be secured to and arranged to be opened from inside the pit without a key. Separate
mounted on top of overhead beams, machine beams, or on top of pit access doors shall be kept locked.
auxiliary beams connected to the webs of overhead beams. Hitch EXCEPTION: The lock on existing pit access doors may be
plates, blocking, or auxiliary beams shall be secured with bolting, omitted under any of the following:
riveting, or welding and shall be so located that the tensions in the 1. The access door is equipped with a contact that prevents the eleva-
hoisting ropes will not develop direct tensions in the bolts or tor from running when the door is open.
rivets. The hitch-plate supporting beams and fastenings shall be 2. The access to the pit is from an area secured against unauthorized
designed to support the loads as specified in Design Section access.
7-3111 (c) 2 and 7-3111 (d). 3. The clearance between the pit floor and the underside of the car
sling is not less than 7 feet when the car is on the fully compressed buff-
(e) Cast Metals in Tension or Bending. Cast metals which are er, the counterweight runway is guarded to a height of not less than
subject to tension or bending shall not be used to support machin- 7 feet except on the side where compensating chains or ropes are
ery or equipment from the underside of overhead beams or floors attached and all sheaves are guarded.
except as allowed in Design Section 7-3111 (e). 2. Separate pit access doors or gates, where provided, shall be
(f) Allowable Stresses or Deflections for Machinery and not less than 30 inches wide nor less than 4 feet high.
Sheave Beams or Floors and Their Supports. The unit stresses 3. The separate pit access door shall be provided with a contact
or deflections for all machinery and sheave beams and floors and if the car apron, or the car platform, extends into the access open-
their supports, based on the loads computed as specified in Design ing when the car is level with the lowest hoistway landing.
23
7-3017 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

4. Access to pits over 4 feet in depth below the sill of the pit (b) Bottom Runby for Counterweighted Elevators. The bot-
access door shall be by means of a permanent ladder or stairway tom runby of cars and counterweights shall be not less than the
into the pit. The ladder or stairway shall be adequately guarded to following:
prevent contact between a person on the ladder or stairway and 1. Where oil buffers are used, 6 inches.
any moving part of adjacent elevators or machinery. The ladder
shall be located adjacent to the strike jamb of and accessible from EXCEPTION: Where existing difficulties on modernization jobs
prevent a sufficient pit depth or top clearance on the counterweights,
the access door to the pit. the runby may be eliminated so that the buffers are compressed by
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Ladders or stairways are not required to be pro- amounts not to exceed 25 percent of their stroke when the car floor is
vided in pits of elevators installed before June 5, 1947, unless they have level with the terminal landing.
undergone a major alteration or have been required for cause. 2. Where spring buffers are used:
2. Elevators installed between June 5,1947 and December 1, 1988 A. 6 inches where generator-field control is used.
are required to have ladders or stairways only if the pit is over 4 feet
(1.22 m) in depth. B. Where rheostatic or alternating current control is used,
5. Access ladders or stairways shall comply with the require- not less than the following:
ments of Subchapter 7, Article 4, Title 8, Chapter 4 of the Califor-
RATED SPEED IN FEET PER MINUTE RUNBY IN INCHES
nia Administrative Code, except that for vertical ladders the
distance from the ladder rung to the wall shall be not less than Not over 25 3
4 inches. 26 to 50 6
(e) Pit Maintenance. Pits shall be maintained in a clean and 51 to 100 9
dry condition.
101 to 200 12
(f) Illumination of Pits. Lights and convenience outlets in
elevator pits shall be installed to comply with the requirements of (c) Bottom Runby for Uncounterweighted Elevators. The
the State Electrical Code. See Article 620. bottom runby for uncounterweighted elevators shall be not less
than the following:
(g) Stop Switch in Pits. There shall be installed in the pit of ev-
ery power elevator an enclosed type positive acting stop switch 1. 3 inches where the rated speed does not exceed 25 feet per
meeting the requirements of Section 7-3040 (b) 5, except eleva- minute.
tors installed before June 5, 1947. 2. 6 inches where the rated speed exceeds 25 feet per minute.
1. This switch shall be located so as to be accessible from the (d) Maximum Bottom Runby. In no case shall the maximum
pit access door. Where access to the pits of elevators in a multiple bottom runby exceed the following:
hoistway is by means of a single separate access door, the stop 1. 24 inches for cars.
switch for each elevator shall be located adjacent to the nearest
point of access to its pit from the access door. 2. 36 inches for counterweights.
2. In elevator pits, where the access is through the lowest land- (e) Top Car Clearance for Counterweighted Elevators. The
ing hoistway door, the stop switch shall be located within 18 inch- top car clearance shall be not less than the sum of the following
es above or 18 inches below the floor level at the access landing. four items:
The stop switch shall be located not more than 6 feet 6 inches 1. The bottom counterweight runby.
above the pit floor. When the pit exceeds 8 feet in depth, another 2. The stroke of the counterweight buffer used.
stopswitch shall be provided adjacent to the pit ladder and approx-
imately 4 feet above the pit floor. 3. 2 feet of the distance which any sheave or any other equip-
ment mounted in or on the car crosshead projects above the top of
3. All pit stop switches shall be properly identified by a name the car crosshead, whichever is greater.
plate or painted with red or orange color.
4. One-half the gravity stopping distance based on:
(h) Safe Access to Elevated Equipment in the Elevator Pit
A. 115 percent of rated speed where counterweight oil buff-
and on the Underside of the Car. Where the pit floor is more than
ers are used. Where provision is made to prevent the
12 feet below the bottom hoistway landing, or where the means for
jump of the car at counterweight buffer engagement, this
checking the oil level in oil buffers is more than 7 feet above the pit
figure need not be more than 18 inches where the gravity
floor, drawings that detail the means of access to elevated equip-
slow down distance is greater than 36 inches.
ment shall be submitted to the division for approval.
B. Governor tripping speed where counterweight spring
Bottom and Top Clearances and Runbys for Elevator Cars buffers are used.
and Counterweights. (f) Top Car Clearance for Uncounterweighted Elevators.
7-3017. The top car clearance shall be not less than the greater of the
(a) Bottom Car Clearances. following:
1. When the car rests on its fully compressed buffer, there shall 1. 36 inches.
be a vertical clearance of not less than 2 feet between the pit floor 2. 12 inches plus the amount which any equipment mounted on
and the lowest structural or mechanical part, equipment, or device the car crosshead, or above the car top when no crosshead is pro-
installed beneath the car platform except guide shoes or rollers, vided, projects vertically more than 2 feet above the crosshead or
safety jaw assemblies, and platform aprons, guards, or other top.
equipment located within 12 inches horizontally from the sides of
(g) Vertical Clearances With Underslung Car Frames.
the car platform.
Where an underslung car frame is used, the clearance between the
2. When the car rests on its fully compressed buffer, no part of car rope hitches or car sheaves and any obstruction in the hoistway
the car or any equipment attached thereto shall strike any part of vertically above them, when the car floor is level with the top ter-
the pit or any part of the equipment located therein. minal landing, shall be not less than the following:
24
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3018
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

1. Where no counterweight is used, 9 inches. (k) Minimum Top Clearance.

2. Where a counterweight is used, the sum of the following four 1. Elevators installed before June 5, 1947, shall have the ropes
items. adjusted so that the car or counterweight will rest upon the bump-
ers or buffers fully compressed before the counterweight or the car
A. The bottom counterweight runby. is vertically within 1 foot of any part of the construction over the
B. The stroke of the counterweight buffer used. hoistway and before any equipment mounted on the car or coun-
terweight will strike any structure or equipment in the hoistway.
C. 6 inches.
2. Elevators installed since June 5, 1947, shall have the ropes
D. One-half the gravity stopping distance based on: adjusted to maintain the top car clearance required by Section
(1) 115 percent of rated speed where counterweight oil 7-3017 (e), the top counterweight clearance required by Section
buffers are used. 7-3017 (h), and the bottom runby required by Section 7-3017 (b).
(2) Governor tripping speed where counterweight 3. The top car clearance shall be not less than 3 feet on any
spring buffers are used. elevator.
4. The clearance from the raised guardrails required by Section
(h) Top Counterweight Clearances. The top counterweight 7-3034 (a) 9 to the overhead structure shall be not less than
clearances shall be not less than the sum of the following four 18 inches when the counterweight is on its fully compressed
items. buffer.
1. The bottom car runby.
Horizontal Car and Counterweight Clearances.
2. The stroke of the car buffer used. 7-3018.
3. 6 inches. (a) Between Car and Hoistway Enclosure. The clearance be-
tween the car and the hoistway enclosure, or any projection in the
4. One-half the gravity stopping distance based on: hoistway, shall not be less than 1 inch except on the sides used for
A. 115 percent of rated speed where car oil buffers are used loading and unloading.
and no provision is made to prevent the jump of the (b) Between Car and Counterweight and Counterweight
counterweight at car buffer engagement. Screen. The clearance between the car and the counterweight
B. Governor tripping speed where spring car buffers are shall be not less than 1 inch. The clearance between the counter-
used. weight and the counterweight screen and between the counter-
weight and the hoistway enclosure, or any projection in the
(i) Overhead Clearances Where Overhead Beams Are Not hoistway, shall be not less than 3/4 inch.
Over Car Crosshead. Where overhead beams or other overhead
hoistway construction are located vertically over the car, but not (c) Between Cars in Multiple Hoistways. The running clear-
over the crosshead, the following requirements shall be met: ance between the cars and any equipment attached thereto, of
elevators operating in a multiple hoistway, shall be not less than
1. The clearance from the car top to such beams or construction, 2 inches. This clearance must be increased when guards between
including sheaves, when the car floor is level with the top terminal adjacent pits are required.
landing, shall be not less than the distance specified in Sections (d) Between Cars and Landing Sills. The clearance between
7-3017 (e) and 7-3017 (f). the car platform sill and the hoistway edge of any landing sill, or
2. The clearance above an imaginary plane, drawn even with the the hoistway side of any vertically sliding counterweighted hoist-
top of the car crosshead, to the underside of such beams or way door or of any vertically sliding counterbalanced biparting
construction, except sheaves, shall be not less than 2 feet when the hoistway door, shall be not less than 1/2 inch where side steel
car is level with the top terminal landing. guides are used, and not less than 3/4 inch where corner steel
guides are used. The maximum clearance shall be not more than
3. When the clearance above the imaginary plane, drawn even 11/2 inches. Where wood guides are used, the clearance shall be
with the top of the car crosshead, is less than the distance specified not less than 3/4 inch.
in Section 7-3017 (e) or Section 7-3017 (f), such beams or
construction, except sheaves, shall be located not less than 2 feet (e) Between Landing Side of Car Platforms and Hoistway
horizontally from the edge of the car crosshead. Enclosure. The clearance between the edge of the car platform
sill and the hoistway enclosure or fascia plate for the full width of
(j) Equipment on Top of Car Not Permitted to Strike Over- the clear car entrance opening shall be not more than 5 inches.
head Structure. The clearance above any auxiliary equipment
EXCEPTIONS: 1. The clearance may be increased to not more
mounted to project above the top of the car shall be not less than than 71/2 inches for vertically sliding hoistway doors of the pass type
the sum of the following three items when the car platform is level or of the heavy duty type requiring special sills for extra wide openings.
with the top landing: 2. Existing elevators whose hoistways are equipped with vertically
1. The bottom counterweight runby. sliding hoistway gates in which a clearance of not more than 6 inches
is permitted for that distance necessary for operation of the gates plus
2. The stroke of the counterweight buffer used. 24 inches.
3. Existing elevators which can be started only from the car in which
3. One-half the gravity stopping distance based on: a clearance of not more than 6 inches is permitted.
A. 115 percent of rated speed where counterweight oil buff- 4. Existing elevators which have been equipped with interlocked or
ers are used. Where provision is made to prevent the contact locked car gates or interlocked car doors at the entrance where
jump of the car at counterweight buffer engagement, this the clearance exceeds 5 inches provided the lock is inaccessible from
inside the car. Interlocks arranged to comply with Section 7-3021 (d)
figure need not be more than 6 inches. 1D are acceptable.
B. Governor tripping speed where counterweight spring (f) Elevators: Without Car Doors or Gates.
buffers are used. 1. Where an elevator is exempted under these regulations from
EXCEPTION: Elevators installed before June 5, 1947. installation of a car door or gate, the sides of hoistways opposite
25
7-3019 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

car entrances shall be smooth and free from protruding objects or 3. Landing Sills and Guards and Tracks on Landings.
recesses within 4 inches of the car platform, unless such protrud- A. Metal sills, of sufficient strength to support the load to be
ing objects or tops of recesses be smoothly and solidly beveled at carried by the sill when loading or unloading the car,
an angle of not less than 60 degrees from the horizontal. shall be permanently secured in place at each hoistway
EXCEPTION: Projections or recesses which are less than 1 inch. door opening. Sills shall be substantially level with the
2. New installations or replacements of the beveled surfaces re- floor surface of the elevator landing or shall be beveled
quired by Section 7-3018 (f) 1 shall be one of the following: to meet the floor surface, and for passenger elevators
shall be so designed and maintained as to provide secure
A. Metal plates not less than No. 10 M.S. gage 0.138 inch. foothold for the entire width of the door opening.
B. Metal sheets not less than No. 16 M.S. gage 0.061 inch Landing sills of freight elevators shall be designed
backed with wood or concrete. and installed to withstand the load specified in Section
7-3037 (b).
C. Smooth beveled concrete. B. The hoistway wall opposite the car entrance shall be
(g) Measurement of Clearances. The clearances specified in smooth. Recesses or projections in excess of 1 inch shall
Section 7-3018 shall be measured with no load on the car platform. be beveled at an angle of not less than 60 degrees nor
more than 75 degrees from the horizontal. The wall
Protection of Spaces Below Hoistways. opposite the car entrance and below the landing sills
7-3019. shall conform to the following:
(a) Hoistways Not Extending to the Lowest Floor of the (1) Where a car leveling device is provided, the hoist-
Building. Where the space below the hoistway is used for a pas- way shall be plumb with the edge of the landing sill
sageway, or is occupied by persons, or if unoccupied is not perma- and shall have a straight vertical face extending be-
nently sealed against access, the following requirements shall low the landing sill not less than the length of the
apply: leveling zone plus 3 inches.
1. Elevator counterweights shall be provided with safeties con- (2) Where no car leveling device is provided, the hoist-
forming to Section 7-3035. way shall be plumb with the edge of the landing sill
and shall have a straight vertical face extending be-
2. The cars and counterweights shall be provided with oil buff- low the landing sill not less than 3 inches.
ers or spring buffers. If spring buffers are used, they shall be so de-
(3) The straight vertical face required below the landing
signed and installed that they will not be fully compressed when
sills of passenger elevators shall be of smooth metal
struck by the car with its rated load and by the counterweights at
not less than No. 16 M.S. gage.
the following speeds.
(4) Vertically sliding biparting doors or vertically slid-
A. Governor tripping speed where the safety is governor ing doors which slide down to open shall be consid-
operated. ered to meet the requirements of Sections 7-3020 (a)
B. 125 percent of rated speed where the safety is not gover- 3B1. and 7-3020 (a) 3B2. provided the doors meet
nor operated. the requirements of Section 7-3020 (b) 8.
3. Car and counterweight buffer supports shall be of sufficient C. The building corridors shall be lighted to conform to the
strength to withstand, without permanent deformation, the impact requirements of the State Electrical Code. See Article
resulting from buffer engagement at the following speeds: 620.
D. The tops of railroad tracks located on elevator landings
A. Governor tripping speed where the safety is governor
shall be substantially flush with the floor surface for a
operated.
distance of at least 6 feet from the sill edge.
B. 125 percent of rated speed where the safety is not gover- E. Hinged hoistway landing sills may be provided in con-
nor operated. nection with vertically sliding, biparting, counterbal-
anced doors of freight elevators provided the sills are
Protection of Hoistway Landing Openings.
hinged on the landing side so that they can be lowered
7-3020. only when the landing doors are in the fully opened posi-
(a) Hoistway Entrances. Protection of hoistway entrances tion.
shall conform to the governing building codes. The regulations in- 4. Minimum Size of Hoistway Entrances. The clear opening
cluded in this section establish the minimum entrance standards. provided by elevator entrances shall be not less than 6 feet 6 inches
These regulations are not intended to supersede applicable local high nor less than 2 feet 6 inches wide.
building codes establishing higher standards. The locations, clear-
ances, and guarding requirements of this section shall be main- (b) Hoistway Doors.
tained. 1. Materials. Doors shall consist of a solid panel or of a solid
1. Hoistway Doors Required on Passenger Elevators. All panel to a height of 3 feet above the floor, above which they may be
passenger elevator hoistway landing openings, giving access to of solid or open work providing the openings therein do not exceed
1/ inch square.
the car platform, shall be provided with hoistway doors which will 2
fill the full height and width of the openings. 2. Use of Glass Panels. Glass panels in hoistway doors shall be
limited to vision panels only. See Section 7-3020 (b) 18 for vision
2. Hoistway Doors or Gates Required on Freight Elevators.
panel requirements.
All freight elevator hoistway landing openings, giving access to
the car platform, shall be provided with hoistway doors which will EXCEPTION: Hoistway doors installed before June 5, 1947.
fill the full height and width of the openings or shall be provided 3. Strength. Hoistway doors shall be so constructed as to with-
with gates. stand a constant force of 250 pounds applied at right angles to and
26
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3020
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

at approximately the center of the door, without causing the door counterbalanced doors shall be so counterbalanced that
to break or to be permanently deformed. Each panel or section of they will not open or close by gravity. Fastenings shall
multipanel or multisection doors shall withstand the force speci- be provided to prevent the detachment or dislodgement
fied. of counterbalancing weights of doors.
4. Construction of Horizontally Sliding Doors. B. The suspension means and their connections shall have a
factor of safety of not less than 5.
A. Horizontally sliding doors shall have leading edges that
are smooth and free of sharp projections. The meeting 8. Beveled Guards for Vertically Sliding Doors. Where the
edges of center-opening doors may be provided with a lower side of the truckable sill projects more than 1/2 inch beyond
resilient member on one or both doors to form a shallow the nearest surface below it, the sill shall be provided with a guard
overlap. Single-slide and two speed doors shall lap the of not less than No. 16 M.S. gage metal beveled at an angle not less
strike jamb but shall not close into pockets in the strike than 60 degrees nor more than 75 degrees from the horizontal.
jamb. The clearance between the corridor face of the 9. Pull Straps on Manually Operated, Vertically Sliding
doors and the bucks and headers, and between overlap- Doors. Manually operated, vertical sliding doors of elevators
ping faces of two-speed doors, shall be not more than which can be operated from the landings shall be provided with
3/ inch. pull straps on the inside and outside of the door where the lower
8
edge of the upper door panel is more than 6 feet 6 inches above the
B. Manually operated horizontal-sliding doors shall be so landing when the door is in the fully open position. Pull straps
arranged that the handle on the outside of the door pro- shall be provided only on the inside of the hoistway door on eleva-
vided for opening or closing the door will not pass the tors which can be operated from the car only.
stationary panel or the wall in such a manner as to
create a shear hazard. A. The bottom of the strap shall not be more than 6 feet
6 inches above the landing when the door is in the open
EXCEPTION: Existing elevators, with entrances installed before position.
1947, where the entrance opening would be less than 30 inches wide
if this provision were applied. B. The length of the strap shall not be extended by rope or
5. Construction of Center-opening Horizontally Swinging similar material.
Doors. Center-opening, horizontally swinging doors shall con- C. Looped pull straps are prohibited.
form to the following: 10. Types of Hoistway Doors for Passenger Elevators. For
A. One door section shall be provided with an overlapping passenger elevators, doors shall be one of the following types:
astragal on its vertical edge. A. Horizontally sliding, single or multisection.
B. Stops shall be provided at the top of both door sections B. Horizontally swinging, single section.
which will stop the door section when closed, and which C. Combination horizontally sliding and swinging.
will meet the strength requirements of Section 7-3020 D. Power-operated, vertically sliding biparting counterbal-
(b) 3. anced doors which operates in conjunction with the car
6. Construction of Vertically Sliding Doors. Vertically sliding gate as outlined in Section 7-3022 (e).
doors shall conform to the following: E. At landing openings used exclusively for freight, manu-
A. Truckable sills, of vertically sliding, counterweighted ally operated, vertically sliding biparting counterbal-
doors, which slide down to open, and of biparting, coun- anced doors may be used.
terbalanced doors of elevators used to carry freight, shall 11. Types of Hoistway Doors for Freight Elevators. For
be designed to withstand the loads specified in Design freight elevators, doors shall be one of the following types:
Section 7-3101 (f). A. Horizontally sliding, single or multisection.
B. The clearance between the face of the doors and the B. Horizontally swinging, single section.
landing sill shall be not more than 1/2 inch measured C. Combination horizontally sliding and swinging.
when the doors are in the closed position.
D. Center-opening, two-section, horizontally swinging,
C. Biparting, counterbalanced doors shall conform to the subject to the restrictions of Section 7-3020 (b) 12.
following: E. Vertically sliding, biparting counterbalanced.
(1) They shall be provided with means to stop the clos- F. Manually operated, vertically sliding, counterweighted,
ing doors when the distance between closing rigid single or multisection.
members of the door sections is not less than 3/4 inch.
12. Limitations of Use of Center-opening Swinging Doors.
(2) A nonshearing, noncrushing member of either the Center-opening, two-section, horizontally swinging hoistway
meeting or overlapping type shall be provided on the doors shall be permitted for freight elevators only.
upper door section to close the distance between the 13. Closing of Hoistway Doors. Horizontally sliding or swing-
rigid door sections when in contact with the stops. ing doors of automatic operation elevators shall be provided with
(3) Rigid members which overlap the meeting edge or door closers arranged to close and lock an open hoistway door
center latching devices are prohibited. automatically if the car for any reason leaves the landing zone.
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Existing elevators which can be operated from EXCEPTIONS: 1. Center-opening, horizontally swinging doors.
the car only. 2. The swinging portion of combination horizontally sliding and
swinging type doors.
2. Existing power operated doors.
14. Location of Horizontally Sliding or Swing Hoistway
7. Counterweighting or Counterbalancing of Vertically
Doors. Horizontally sliding or swinging elevator hoistway doors
Sliding Doors.
shall be located so the maximum distances between the hoistway
A. Single or multisection vertically sliding doors shall be side of the hoistway door and the hoistway edge of the landing
so counterweighted and vertically sliding biparting, threshold and the car door or gate are as follows:
27
7-3020 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

HOISTWAY CONSTRUCTION FOR CABLED ELEVATORS

HOISTWAY DOOR TO HOISTWAY DOOR TO CAR DOOR

TYPE OF ELEVATOR EXISTING OR EDGE OF THRESHOLD OR GATE
NEW INSTALLATIONS TYPE OF DOOR (inches) (inches)

New passenger or freight operated from the car Horizontal sliding or single swinging 2 1/ 2 6
only
New freight operated from the car only Center-opening horizontally swinging 4 6 1/ 2
New passenger or freight automatic or constant Single swinging 1 4 1/ 2
pressure operation
New freight automatic or constant pressure Center-opening horizontally swinging 1 4 1/ 2
operation
New passenger or freight automatic or constant Horizontal sliding 2 1/ 2 6
pressure operation
Existing passenger or freight installed before 1947 Any 6 —
operated from car only
Existing passenger or freight installed before 1947 Any 4 51/2, except installations with
automatic or constant pressure operation power-operated car doors may be 6
Existing passenger or freight installed before 1947 Any 4 —
with no car gate

NOTE: When the hoistway door or the car door or gate consists of B. Means shall not be provided for locking “out of service”
two or more sections, the distances specified in this table shall be mea- either the doors at the main entrance landing or at the top
sured from the section of the door which travels the greater distance in or bottom terminal landing.
closing.
EXCEPTIONS: 1. For new installations of center-opening hori- C. Handles or other means provided for operation of manu-
zontally swinging doors on freight elevators with automatic or constant ally operated doors shall be located so that it is not neces-
pressure operation from the landings, the distance measured from the sary to reach back of any panel, jamb, or sash to operate
top portion of the doors to the edge of the hoistway threshold may be them.
increased to not more than 4 inches provided the distance to the bottom
36 inches of the doors is not more than 1 inch and all setbacks of more 17. Hangers, Guides, and Guide Shoes for Sliding Hoistway
than 1 inch are beveled at an angle of not less than 60 degrees with the Doors.
horizontal.
2. For existing installations where the inside face of the hoistway A. All horizontally and vertically sliding hoistway doors
door is more than 4 inches from the edge of the threshold (6 inches for shall be hung and guided so that the doors will not be
car switch elevators), the following methods of reducing the clearance displaced from their guides or tracks when in normal
are acceptable. service, nor when the doors are subjected to a constant
A. Horizontal bars set approximately 10 inches between centers for horizontal force of 250 pounds applied at right angles to
the full height of the door, with the inside face of the bars within and at approximately the center of the door or to the cen-
2 inches of the threshold. ter of each door section where multisection doors are
B. Vertical bars at 5 inch centers for the full height of the door and used. Bottom guide shoes, or an auxiliary guide, shall be
reinforced with at least three horizontal bars, with the inside face made of or reinforced with metal to prevent the door
of the bars within 2 inches of the threshold. from being displaced from its guides.
C. An interlocked or contact lock car door or gate, inaccessible
from inside the car, and the panel or bars described in Section B. Combination horizontally sliding and swinging doors
7-3020 (b) 14 Exception, Item 3 provided on the hoistway door. shall be so interconnected that:
3. For existing installations having excessive clearance between the (1) The swinging panel can be opened only when the
hoistway door and the car door, the hoistway door shall be equipped
with a 36-inch high built-up panel on the lower portion of the door or
sliding panel is in the open position, and
three horizontal bars approximately equally spaced with the upper bar (2) Both panels shall swing simultaneously
approximately 36 inches above the floor and the lower bar approxi-
mately 10 inches above the floor and with the inside face of the panel EXCEPTION: Interconnections are not required when both the
or of the bars within 2 inches of the threshold. sliding and the swinging panels are equipped with hoistway door inter-
locks.
15. Projection of Hoistway Doors and Equipment Beyond
Landing Sills. Hoistway doors and equipment shall not project C. Hangers for horizontally sliding hoistway doors shall be
into the hoistway beyond the line of the landing threshold opposite provided with means to prevent the doors from jumping
the car entrance. the tracks. Stops shall be provided to prevent the hangers
from leaving the ends of the track or suitable stops may
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Door operators and interlocks on existing be provided on the door only. Hangers and tracks shall be
installations. so designed and installed as to support the door in case of
2. Interlock operating mechanism and interlocks provided that the fire.
running clearance from the car sill to the interlock shall be not less than
1/ inch.
2 D. The hangers, tracks, and their supporting brackets and
16. Opening of Hoistway Doors From the Hoistway Side. fastenings for horizontally sliding, power-operated
hoistway doors shall be constructed to withstand, with-
A. Hoistway doors shall be arranged so that they may be out damage or appreciable deflection, an imposed load
opened by hand from the hoistway side when the car is equal to 4 times the weight of the door as applied succes-
within the interlock unlocking zone except when the sively downward and upward at the vertical center line
door is locked “out of service.” of the assembled door or of each door section.
28
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3020
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

E. Door sections or panels of multisection horizontally (c) Hoistway Gates.

sliding hoistway doors shall be so connected to each
1. Use of Hoistway Gates Limited by Building Codes. Freight
other as to ensure simultaneous movement of all sec-
elevator hoistway entrances may be equipped with gates instead
tions or panels.
of doors where permissible under governing building codes.
EXCEPTION: Door sections or panels that are:
2. Types of Hoistway Gates. Hoistway gates shall be one of the
1. directly driven by the car door; and
following types.
2. equipped with an approved hoistway unit-system hoistway door
interlock on each driven door; and A. Vertically sliding, single or multisection, excluding
3. provided with door closer(s) installed to comply with Section biparting.
7-3020 (b) 13.
B. Horizontally sliding, single or multisection.
18. Hoistway Door Vision Panels.
C. Where structural conditions preclude the use of vertical-
A. Vision panels shall be provided in the following types of ly sliding or horizontally sliding gates, horizontally
elevator hoistway doors. swinging or horizontally sliding collapsible gates may
EXCEPTION: Car switch elevators installed before June 5, 1947. be used.
(1) All horizontally swinging doors. 3. Size of Hoistway Gates. Gates shall fill the entire width of
the opening and shall conform to the following:
(2) Manually operated, even though self-closing, doors
of the horizontally sliding type or vertically sliding A. On new installations gates shall be not less than 6 feet
types except at landings where car position indica- high.
tors are provided. B. Existing gates shall be not less than 66 inches high; or,
B. Vision panels are required in one section only of multi- C. Gates at the top terminal landings of existing elevators,
ple section doors, but may be provided in all sections. where structural conditions make 66-inch-high gates
Vision panels may be provided for any type of hoistway impractical, may be not less than 41 inches nor more
door irrespective of the type of operation of the elevator. than 45 inches high.
C. Hoistway doors installed before June 5, 1947, need not 4. Construction of Hoistway Gates.
be altered to provide vision panels, but a clear section
conforming to Section 7-3020 (b) 18D1, Section 7-3020 A. Hoistway gates shall be constructed and maintained as
(b) 18D5 and Section 7-3020 (b) 18D6 shall be provided to withstand a constant force of 100 pounds applied at
in cases where existing manually operated grillwork or right angles to and at approximately the center of the
glass paneled doors are altered by covering or painting. gate without deflecting the gate past the line of the
threshold or a constant force of 250 pounds similarly ap-
D. Vision panels shall conform to the following: plied without forcing the gate from its guides or breaking
(1) The area of any single vision panel shall be not less the gate.
than 25 square inches, and the total area of one or B. Hoistway gates shall be constructed with slats having
more vision panels in any hoistway door shall be not spaces between the slats not exceeding 2 inches, or of
more than 100 square inches. open work steel which will reject a ball 2 inches in diam-
(2) Each clear panel opening shall reject a ball 6 inches eter. A 1-inch space is permissible between the bottom of
in diameter. the gate and the floor.
EXCEPTION: Existing shipper rope controlled elevators operated
EXCEPTION: Elevators installed before June 5, 1947. from the landings may have access openings in the gates 5 inches wide
(3) Muntins used between panel sections shall be of sub- and 36 inches high, located with the bottom of the opening approxi-
stantial construction. mately 30 inches from the floor. Where a two-section gate is used, the
access slot need not be over 26 inches high.
(4) Vision panel openings shall be glazed with clear C. Horizontally sliding, collapsible gates shall be
wired glass not less than 1/4 inch thick. constructed so as to use as few collapsible members as
EXCEPTION: Existing vision panels glazed with safety glass. possible, but no gate opening shall be over 3 inches in
(5) The center of the panel shall be located not less than width. Alternate vertical members shall act as guiding
54 inches nor more than 66 inches above the landing; members at both top and bottom.
except that for vertically sliding, biparting doors, it 5. Location of Hoistway Gates.
shall be located to conform with the dimensions spe-
cified herein insofar as the door design will permit. A. Collapsible gates shall be installed so that the distance
from the inside of the gate and the line of the edge of
(6) Vision panels in horizontally swinging doors shall the car platform shall be not less than 4 nor more than
be located for convenient vision when opening the 5 inches.
door from the car side.
B. 41-inch to 45-inch high gates at the top landing of eleva-
(7) Glass panels in power-operated doors shall be sub- tors having a car top or a meat track shall be maintained
stantially flush with the landing side surface of the so that the distance from the inside of the gate and the
door. hoistway edge of the landing threshold shall be not less
than 4 inches nor more than 6 inches.
19. Hoistway Door Counterweight Guides and Enclosure.
Hoistway door counterweights, where used, shall run in guides or C. The distance from the hoistway side of the gate to the
shall be boxed in. The bottom of the guides or boxes shall be so hoistway edge of the landing threshold shall be not more
constructed as to retain the counterweight if the counterweight than 4 inches, nor less than 2 inches, except as specified
suspension means breaks. in Section 7-3020 (c) 5B.
29
7-3021 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

D. The space between the bottom of the gate and the floor a rise of not more than 20 feet which are provided with interlocks and
shall not exceed 1 inch. zone switches as described for doors in Section 7-3021 (d) 1D.
2. Manually operated gates at the lowest landing, or at the ground
EXCEPTION: Existing gates installed on elevators before June 5, floor of elevators with only one floor below the ground floor, provided
1947 may have a space not to exceed 4 inches. that no other entrances are in line above or below and the gates are
6. Operation of Hoistway Gates. Hoistway gates shall be equipped with interlocks and zone switches as described for doors in
opened and closed manually or by power from a source in no way Section 7-3021 (d) 1D.
derived from the motion of the elevator car. 3. Existing installations, completed before June 5, 1947, of inter-
locks or contact locks which approximately fulfill the functions
7. Requirements for Gates Less Than 66 Inches High. On ex- required for approved interlocks or contact locks.
isting installations, where gates less than 66 inches high have been (d) Hoistway Door Interlocks and Operating Cams.
installed, the car top, where provided shall be hinged back at least
18 inches from the landing threshold, and no rigid horizontal or 1. Operation of the driving machine when a hoistway door is un-
projecting member between the vertical sides of the car enclosure locked is permissible only under the following conditions:
shall extend closer than 12 inches from the landing thresholds. A. By a car-leveling or truck-zoning device.
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Elevators equipped with car doors or gates. B. By a combination hoistway access switch and operating
2. Existing meat tracks but not meat track supports. device on constant-pressure or car-switch type eleva-
8. Hoistway Gate Counterweights and Suspension Means. tors.
A. Gate counterweights shall run in guides or in weight C. When a hoistway access switch is operated.
boxes and be arranged to retain the weight in the box or D. Those manually operated doors specified in Exceptions
in the guides in case of the breaking of the counterweight 1 and 2, Section 7-3021 (a), and in Exceptions 1 and 2,
suspension means. Section 7-3021 (b), may be equipped with interlocks that
B. Vertically sliding hoistway gates shall be so counter- are unlocked by a stationary cam on the car, provided the
weighted or counterbalanced that they will not open or circuits are so arranged that the power will be cut off the
close by gravity. machine and the brake applied, if the door is not closed
or if the car travels more than one foot away from the
Hoistway Door and Gate Locking Devices. floor before the door is locked.
7-3021. E. When the elevator is equipped with an advance start or
(a) Required on Passenger Elevator Hoistway Doors. All pulse start feature that allows the building up of the start-
passenger elevator hoistway doors shall be equipped with ap- ing motor torque while the doors are in the last phase of
proved hoistway-unit system hoistway door interlocks. the closing operation and may result in the car moving a
short distance away from the floor if the closing of the
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Existing manually operated hoistway doors of
elevators having a rated speed of not more than 150 feet per minute and
doors is interrupted. This feature will be allowed only
a rise of not more than 20 feet which are provided with interlocks and after written approval has been granted by the division.
zone switches as described for doors in Section 7-3021 (d) 1D. F. Existing elevators equipped with emergency release
2. Manually operated doors at the lowest landing, or at the ground buttons permitted by the exception to Section 7-3021 (i).
floor of elevators with only one floor below the ground floor, provided
that no other entrances are in line on floors above or below and the G. Elevators which can be started from the car only may be
doors are equipped with interlocks and zone switches as described for provided with an auxiliary lock at the lowest landing
doors in Section 7-3021 (d) lD. used in connection with the unlocking means for the
3. Existing basement doors provided with interlocks and zone lowest landing door so arranged that the car can leave the
switches as described for doors in Section 7-3021 (d) 1D. landing with the auxiliary lock in the unlocked position
(b) Required on Freight Elevator Hoistway Doors. All freight provided the circuits are so arranged that the power will
elevator hoistway doors shall be equipped with approved hoist- be cut off and the brake applied should the car travel
way-unit-system hoistway door interlocks. more than one foot away from the landing before the
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Manually operated hoistway doors for freight
auxiliary lock locks.
elevators having a rated speed of not more than 150 feet per minute and 2. Interlocks shall conform to the following requirements:
a rise of not more than 20 feet which are provided with interlocks and
zone switches as described for doors in Section 7-3021 (d) 1D. A. Interlock contacts shall be positively opened by the
2. Manually operated doors at the lowest landing, or at the ground locking member or by a member connected to and me-
floor of elevators with only one floor below the ground floor, provided chanically operated by the locking member, and the con-
that no other entrances are in line above or below and the doors are tacts shall be maintained in the open position by the
equipped with interlocks and zone switches as described for doors in action of gravity or by means of the opening member.
Section 7-3021 (d) 1D.
B. The interlock shall hold the door in the locked position
3. Existing installations, completed before June 5, 1947, of inter-
locks or contact locks which approximately fulfill the functions re-
by means of gravity or by a restrained compression
quired for approved interlocks or contact locks. spring on a rod or in a tube, or by both, or by means of the
opening member.
(c) Required on Freight Elevator Hoistway Gates.
C. The interlock shall lock the door in the closed position
1. All existing freight elevator hoistway gates shall be equipped before the driving machine can be operated by the nor-
with either approved hoistway-unit-system interlocks or with ap- mal operating device.
proved combination mechanical locks and electric contacts (con- Devices which permit operation of the driving ma-
tact locks). chine by the normal operating device before the door is
2. All new freight elevator hoistway gates shall be equipped closed, or when the door is closed but before it is locked,
with approved hoistway-unit-system interlocks. are not interlocks and are not permitted where interlocks
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Manually operated hoistway gates for freight
are required by these regulations.
elevators having a rated speed of not more than 150 feet per minute and EXCEPTION: As provided in Section 7-3021 (d) 1.

30
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3021
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

D. Elevator hoistway doors or gates shall not be arranged A. Contact locks, except existing locks installed before
to be unlocked from outside the hoistway except where 1947, shall be so designed and installed that the locking
the unlocking means is of a type which cannot function member and the electric contact are in a single unit.
unless the elevator car is at or within 30 inches of the They shall be so installed and adjusted that the electric
landing. contact cannot close until the gate is in the closed posi-
EXCEPTION: Doors or gates at the lowest landing that are tion and so that the locking member is in a position to
equipped with auxiliary locks zoned so the power will be cut off the lock the gate when or before the contact closes.
machine and the brake applied if the door is not closed or if the car B. The electric contact shall be positively opened by the
travels more than one foot away from the floor, before the door is
locked.
locking bar of the mechanical lock, or by a lever or other
device attached to and operated by the gate, and the con-
E. Interlocks used with multisection doors shall conform to tact shall be maintained in the open position by means
the following requirements: other than depending solely on the operation of a spring
(1) They shall lock all sections of the door, but may be or springs.
applied to only one section of the door, provided the C. The function of a contact lock to hold a gate in the locked
device to interconnect the door sections is so position shall not depend solely on a spring or springs,
arranged that the locking of one section insures that except that a coil (helical) spring in compression may be
all sections are closed and cannot be opened. used if retained on a rod or in a tube to prevent separation
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Existing swing sections with auxiliary con- in case of failure.
tacts on the section held closed by an overlapping astragal on the door
equipped with interlock. D. Contact locks used with multisection gates shall con-
2. Vertically sliding biparting doors installed before June 5, 1947.
form to the following requirement:
They shall lock all sections of the gate, but may be
(2) Where used with vertically sliding biparting applied to only one section provided the device used to
counter-balanced doors, they shall be so arranged interconnect the gate sections is so arranged that the
that the interlock contacts are mechanically held in locking of one section ensures that all sections are closed
the open position by the door or devices attached and cannot be opened.
thereto unless the door is in the closed position.
4. The vertical face of any cam used for operating a contact lock
(3) Where used with center-opening horizontally shall not exceed 18 inches in length.
swinging doors, both door sections shall be
EXCEPTION: Elevators equipped with a truck-loading device.
equipped with interlocks.
(f) Tests and Approvals.
(4) Where a door-closer, used with a combination slid-
ing and swinging door, is arranged to be discon- 1. Each type and make of hoistway door interlock and hoistway
nected to allow the sliding panel to swing, it shall be gate combination lock and electric contact (contact lock) shall be
so designed and installed that it shall not make the in- approved by the Division of Occupational Safety and Health. See
terlock contact when disconnected and released. Design Section 7-3110.
F. Interlock systems employing a single master switch for 2. Approved devices shall be marked for identification. The
more than one door are prohibited. marking shall be permanent and shall include the following:
3. Retiring cams used to actuate an interlock shall exert a force A. Manufacturer’s name or trademark.
at least double the average force required to operate the interlock B. Type or style letter or number.
and shall have a movement at least 1/2 inch more than the average C. Rated voltage.
movement required to operate the interlock. An interlock retiring
cam shall be permanently marked by the manufacturer with: D. Rated test force and test movement on installations re-
quiring a retiring cam.
A. Its rated horizontal force.
(g) Closed Position of Hoistway Doors. Hoistway doors shall
B. Its rated horizontal movement. be considered to be in the closed position under the following con-
4. The vertical face of any retiring cam, used for operating an ditions:
interlock shall not exceed 18 inches in length unless the elevator is 1. For horizontally sliding or swinging doors, when the leading
arranged to level automatically and is equipped with power- edge of the door is within 3/8 inch of the nearest jamb or when the
opened landing doors. panels of horizontally sliding-center-opening doors are within
3/ inch of contact with each other.
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Elevators equipped with a truck-loading 8
device. EXCEPTION: The doors shall be considered to be in the closed
2. Cams installed on elevators before June 5, 1947. position at 4 inches from the jamb on existing elevators provided:
5. Interlocks shall be so located that they are not accessible 1. The elevator can be started from the car only.
from the landing side when the hoistway doors are closed. 2. The doors are provided with closers to fully close and lock the
door after the car has started.
(e) Hoistway Gate Combination Mechanical Locks and
3. The doors cannot be reopened from the landing side within the
Electric Contacts (Contact Locks). 4-inch zone.
1. Hoistway gate combination mechanical locks and electric 4. If such elevators can be converted to collective operation for night
contacts are permitted for hoistway gates of existing freight eleva- service, the closed position shall be not more than 2 inches when on the
tors only. automatic operation.
2. For vertically sliding biparting counterbalanced doors,
2. Operation of the driving machine when a hoistway gate is not when the closing doors are not more than 3/4 inch from their
in the closed position is not permissible. stopped position. See Section 7-3020 (b) 6C.
EXCEPTION: By a car-leveling or truck-zoning device. EXCEPTION: This distance may be increased to 11/4 inches when
3. Contact locks shall conform to the following requirements. new safety astragals are installed to replace existing solid astragals.

31
7-3022 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

(h) Closed Position of Hoistway Gates. Hoistway gates shall 3. The operation of the switch at either access landing shall per-
be considered to be in the closed position under the following con- mit, and may initiate and maintain, movement of the car with the
ditions. hoistway door at this landing unlocked or not in the closed posi-
tion; and with the car door or gate not in the closed position, sub-
1. For vertically sliding, counterbalanced gates, when the space
ject to the following:
between the bottom of the gate and the sill is not more than
2 inches. A. The operation of the switch shall not render ineffective
the hoistway door interlock at any other landing.
2. For horizontally sliding or swinging gates, when the space
between the edge of the gate and the nearest face of the strike jamb B. The car cannot be operated at a speed greater than 150
does not exceed 2 inches. feet per minute.
C. For automatic and continuous pressure operation eleva-
(i) Interlock By-pass Switch (Emergency Release). No emer- tors, provided:
gency release switch shall be provided in or on any elevator to ren-
der the hoistway door interlocking circuit or the car door or gate (1) Landing operating devices of continuous pressure
contact circuit inoperative. operation elevators, and car and landing operating
devices of automatic operation elevators, shall first
EXCEPTION: Existing elevators which can be started from the car be made inoperative by means other than the access
only that are provided with a constant pressure key switch or a constant switch. This means shall be located in the car and
pressure button requiring a pressure of at least 10 pounds to operate.
This device shall be located above the normal operating device not less
shall be key operated or located behind a locked
than 6 feet-above the car floor. cover.
(j) Elevator Parking Device. An elevator parking device shall (2) Power operation of the hoistway door and the car
be provided on car switch elevators at one landing, and may be door or gate is inoperative.
provided at other landings, except on elevators having hoistway D. Automatic operation by a car-leveling device is inopera-
doors which are automatically unlocked when the car is within the tive.
landing zone. E. The top-of-car operating device is inoperative.
Parking devices shall conform to the following requirements: F. The movement of the car initiated and maintained by the
1. They shall be mechanically or electrically operated. top access switch shall be limited in the down direction
to a travel not greater than the height of the car crosshead
2. They shall be so designed and installed that friction or the above the car platform, and limited in the up direction
breaking of any spring used in the device will not permit opening above the access landing to the distance the car apron ex-
or unlocking a door when the car is outside the landing zone of that tends below the car platform.
floor. 4. Where electrically operated switches, relays, or contactors
3. Springs, where used, shall be of the restrained compression are used to render inoperative the hoistway door interlock or the
type which will prevent separation of parts in case the spring car door or gate contact, the control circuits shall be arranged to
breaks. conform to the requirements of Section 7-3040 (f) 3; and, in addi-
tion, to render the normal car and hall operation ineffective if any
(k) Hoistway Access Switches. such switch, relay, or contactor fails to function in its intended
1. Elevators equipped with power-operated hoistway doors or manner.
elevators equipped with manually operated vertical biparting (l) Restricted Opening of Hoistway Doors. Passenger eleva-
doors shall be provided with access switches at one upper landing tors installed after January 1, 1989, shall have the hoistway and/or
to permit access to the top of the car, and at the lowest landing to car doors arranged as follows:
permit access to the pit if this landing is the normal point of access 1. When a car is outside the unlocking zone, the hoistway doors
to the pit. or car doors shall be so arranged that the hoistway doors or car
EXCEPTION: Access to the top of elevators with a travel 15 feet doors cannot be opened more than 4 inches from inside the car.
or less.
2. When the car doors are so arranged that they cannot be
A. Observation elevators with manually operated hoistway opened when the car is outside the unlocking zone, the car doors
doors shall be provided with access switches at one up- shall be openable from outside the car without the use of special
per landing to permit access to the top of the car. tools.
2. Hoistway access switches shall conform to the following: 3. The unlocking zone shall extend from the landing floor level
to a point no greater than 18 inches above or below the landing
A. The switch shall be installed only at access landings.
floor level.
B. The switch shall be installed in the hoistway entrance 4. The arrangement required by subsection 7-3021 (l) 1 shall not
frame or within 12 inches of the entrance frame of the restrict the opening to the extent that the floor numbers required by
elevator with which it is identified, and not less than subsection 7-3041 (c) cannot be located and observed.
3 feet not more than 6 feet 6 inches above floor level.
5. The arrangement required by subsection 7-3021 (l) 1 shall not
C. The switch shall be of the continuous-pressure, spring constitute a violation of subsection 7-3022 (c) 5 if the doors can be
return type, and shall be operated by a cylinder type lock opened sufficiently to determine the numbers required by subsec-
having not less than 5-pin or 5-disc combination with the tion 7-3041 (c).
key removable only when the switch is in the off posi- Power Operation of Doors and Gates.
tion. The lock shall not be operable by any key which
will operate locks or devices used for other purposes in 7-3022.
the building except where locks are provided in the car (a) Types of doors and gates permitted.
top emergency exit covers the key may also unlock the 1. Where both a hoistway door and a car door or gate are opened
exit cover. The key shall be available to and used only by and/or closed by power, the hoistway door and the car door or gate
elevator inspectors, maintenance men, and repairmen. shall:
32
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3022
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

A. Both be of the horizontally sliding type or EXCEPTION: A separate closing means need not be furnished in
the car for a horizontally sliding hoistway door and adjacent car door
B. Both be of the vertically sliding type. or gate which conform to the requirements of Section 7-3022 (d).
(b) Power Opening. D. Sequence closing of a vertically sliding, biparting hoist-
way door and adjacent car gate shall be provided where
1. Power opening of a car door or gate shall be subjected to the
required by Section 7-3022 (f).
following:
E. Vertically sliding biparting hoistway doors shall be used
A. Power opening shall occur only when the car is at rest at only in conjunction with a vertically sliding car gate that
the landing or is leveling except that on elevators with is closed by similar means.
static control, power shall not be applied to open car
doors until the car is within 12 inches of the landing. 3. Power closing by momentary pressure or by automatic means
of horizontally sliding hoistway doors or car doors or gates shall
B. Collapsible-type car gates shall not be power opened to a be permitted only for automatic or constant-pressure operation
distance exceeding 1/3 the clear gate opening, and in no elevators. The closing of the doors or gates shall be subject to the
case more than 10 inches. following:
C. Existing power-operated, collapsible car gates shall be A. It shall conform to the requirements of Section 7-3022
provided with a means to prevent shear. (d).
2. Power opening of a hoistway door shall conform to the B. A momentary pressure switch shall be provided in the
following: car, the operation of which shall cause the doors to stop
A. Power opening shall occur only at that landing where the or to stop and reopen.
car is stopping, is leveling, or is at rest; and shall start 4. Power closing of vertically sliding, biparting hoistway doors
only when the car is within the landing zone or is within by momentary pressure or by automatic means shall be subject to
30 inches above or 30 inches below the landing where an the following:
automatic car leveling device is provided, except that on A. Only in conjunction with a vertically sliding car gate that
static control elevators, opening shall not begin until the is closed by a similar means.
car is within 12 inches of the landing.
B. A warning bell or other audible signal shall be provided
B. Power opening may be initiated automatically through on the car which will start to sound at least 5 seconds be-
control circuits provided that when stopping under nor- fore the car door or gate starts to close and shall continue
mal operating conditions, the car shall be at rest or sub- to sound until the hoistway door is substantially closed.
stantially level with the landings before the hoistway
door is in the fully open position. EXCEPTION: The 5-second time interval may be omitted when
the doors are closed by a switch in the car.
C. Sequence opening of a vertically sliding, biparting C. Sequence closing of the hoistway door and the adjacent
hoistway door and adjacent car gate shall be provided car gate shall be provided and shall conform to the re-
where required by Section 7-3022 (f) 1. quirements of Section 7-3022 (f).
(c) Power Closing. D. The car gate shall be equipped with a reopening device
1. Where a car door or gate is closed by power, or is of the auto- conforming with the requirements of Section 7-3022 (e).
matically released, self-closing type and faces a manually oper- E. A momentary-pressure type switch shall be provided in
ated or self-closing hoistway door, the closing of the car door or the car and at each landing which, when operated, shall
gate shall not be initiated unless the hoistway door is in the closed cause the hoistway doors and the car gate to stop or to
position. stop and reopen.
EXCEPTION: Where a car door or gate is closed by power through F. The average closing speed shall not exceed 1 foot per
continuous pressure of a door closing switch, or of the car operating de- second for each panel of a biparting, counterbalanced
vice, and where the release of the closing switch or operating device hoistway door and shall not exceed 2 feet per second for
will cause the car door or gate to stop or to stop and reopen.
a vertically sliding, counterweighted car gate.
A. The closing mechanism shall be so designed that the
force necessary to prevent closing of a horizontally slid- 5. Car doors shall be arranged to be opened manually from in-
ing car door or gate from the rest shall be not more than side the car in the event the power supply to the elevator is discon-
30 pounds. nected.
2. Horizontally sliding or vertically sliding biparting hoistway (d) Kinetic Energy and Force Limitations for Power Door
doors may be closed by continuous pressure means subject to the Operators Used With Horizontally Sliding Hoistway Doors
following: and Horizontally Sliding Car Doors or Gates. Where a power-
operated, horizontally sliding hoistway door is closed by momen-
A. The release of the closing means shall cause the hoist- tary pressure or by automatic means or is closed simultaneously
way door and a power-operated or power-closed car with another door from one continuous pressure means, the clos-
door or gate to stop or to stop and reopen. ing mechanism shall be designed and installed to conform to the
B. The operation of the closing means at any landing shall following requirements:
not close the hoistway door at any other landing nor the 1. The kinetic energy of the hoistway door and all parts rigidly
car door or gate when the elevator is at any other landing. connected thereto, computed for the average closing speed, shall
C. For elevators having more than one hoistway opening at not exceed 7 foot-pounds where a reopening device for the power-
any landing level, a separate closing means shall be pro- operated car door or gate conforming to the requirements of Sec-
vided in the car for each car door or gate and its adjacent tion 7-3022 (e) is used, and shall not exceed 21/2 foot-pounds
hoistway door. Any closing means at a landing shall where such door reopening device is not used.
close only that hoistway door and the car door or gate at Where the hoistway door and the car door or gate are closed in
the side where such means is located. such a manner that stopping either one manually will stop both, the
33
7-3022 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

sum of the hoistway and the car door weights, as well as all parts car door or gate and the adjacent hoistway door in the event that
connected rigidly thereto, shall be used to compute the kinetic the car door or gate is obstructed while closing. For center-open-
energy. ing doors, the reopening device shall be so designed and installed
The average closing speed shall be determined by timing the that the obstruction of either door panel, when closing, will cause
closing door as follows: the reopening device to function.
A. With single-slide and two-speed doors, determine the (f) Sequence Operation for Power Operated Hoistway
time required for the leading edge of the door to travel Doors With Car Doors or Gates.
from a point 2 inches away from the open jamb to a point 1. Sequence operation shall be provided under the following
2 inches away from the opposite jamb. conditions:
B. With center-opening or two-speed center-opening A. Sequence opening and closing shall be provided for
doors, determine the time required for the leading edge power-operated vertically sliding biparting counter-
of the door to travel from a point 1 inch away from the balanced doors where used on passenger elevators in
open jamb to a point 1 inch from the center meeting point conjunction with a power-operated vertically sliding
of the doors. car gate.
2. The force necessary to prevent closing of the hoistway door B. Sequence closing shall be provided for power-operated,
(or the car door or gate if self-closing or power-operated) from rest vertically sliding biparting hoistway doors and verti-
shall be not more than 30 pounds. This force shall be measured on cally sliding car gates which are closed by momentary
the leading edge of the door with the door at any point between pressure or by a timing device.
one-third and two-thirds of its travel.
2. The sequence operation of a vertically sliding, biparting
3. The weight of the doors and all parts rigidly connected thereto hoistway door and adjacent power-operated vertically sliding car
shall be submitted to the Division of Occupational Safety and gate shall conform to the following:
Health.
A. In opening, the hoistway door shall be opened at least
(e) Reopening Device for Power Operated Car Doors or 2/ of its travel before the car gate can start to open.
Gates. Where required by Section 7-3022 (c) 4D or Section 3
7-3022 (d) 1, a power-operated car door or gate shall be provided B. In closing, the car gate shall be closed at least 2/3 of its
with a reopening device which will function to stop and reopen a travel before the hoistway door can start to close.

34
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3030
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-8. Machinery and Equipment for Power Cable-driven

Passenger and Freight Elevators

Car and Counterweight Guide Rails, Rail Supports and 4. Where the spacing between counterweight rail brackets tied
Fastenings. to the building exceeds 10 feet intermediate tie brackets, not re-
7-3030. quired to be tied to the structure, shall be added so the distance
between adjacent brackets is not more than 7 feet.
(a) Guide Rails Required. All elevators and their counter-
weights shall be provided with guide rails. EXCEPTIONS: 1. Existing elevators in which the counterweight
rail guiding system complies with Section 200 of ANSI A17.1-1971.
EXCEPTION: Existing counterweights running in boxes. 2. A period of seven years from October 6, 1975 will be allowed for
(b) Materials. Guide rails, guide rail brackets, rail clips, fish- counterweight rails existing on this date to comply with the require-
ments of Section 7-3030 (f) 4.
plate and their fastenings shall be of steel or other metals conform-
ing to the requirements of this section. 5. The maximum bracket height ad minimum section modulus
of the supporting leg of counterweight rail support brackets shall
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Where steel may present an accident hazard, as be determined from Figure 7-3030 (F) 4 using the weight of the
in chemical or explosive plants, guide rails may be of selected wood or
other suitable nonmetallic materials provided the rated speed of the car
counterweight.
does not exceed 150 feet per minute. A. Where gussets or diagonal struts are used, the bracket
2. Existing elevators originally installed with wood guide rails. height shall be considered as the unsupported length of
(c) Requirements for Steel. Steel, where used, shall conform the bracket leg measured from the centerline of the rail.
to the requirements of Design Section 7-3109 (b). B. Where tie rods are used to tie the legs of the brackets
together to increase the effective section modulus, the tie
(d) Requirements for Metals Other Than Steel. Metals, other rods that are located across the outer ends of the brackets
than steel, may be used provided the factor of safety is not less shall be guarded unless located more than 7 inches from
than, and the deflections not more than, the values specified in De- the edge of the car top.
sign Section 7-3109, and provided that cast iron is not used.
6. The maximum bracket height and minimum section modulus
(e) Rail Section. of intermediate tie brackets for counterweight rails shall be deter-
1. Guide rails shall be T-section, conforming to the nominal mined from Figure 7-3030 (F) 4 using 1/3 the weight of the coun-
weights and dimensions shown in Figure 7-3030 E1 and Table terweight.
7-3030 E1. EXCEPTION: The counterweight guide systems of elevators need
not comply with Section 7-3030 (f) 3, Section 7-3030 (f) 4, Section
EXCEPTION: Other approved shapes may be used subject to the 7-3030 (f) 5 and Section 7-3030 (f) 6 where proper certification to the
requirements of Design Section 7-3109 (c). Division of Industrial Safety has been made by an engineer qualified
2. The cross section of existing or replacement wood guides under the Civil and Professional Engineers Act that the guide system
shall be not less than those given in Table 7-3030 E2. The guides has been designed and built to withstand the seismic forces for which
the building was designed.
shall be of clear grain maple or its equivalent.
(g) Stresses and Deflections. The stresses and deflections in a
(f) Maximum Load on Rails in Relation to the Bracket guide rail or in a rail and its reinforcement shall not exceed those
Spacing. The maximum load on rails in relation to the bracket specified in Design Section 7-3109 (a) 1, nor shall the deflections
spacing shall be the smallest of the two values established by Sec- in the brackets and fastenings exceed those specified in Design
tions 7-3030 (f) 1, 7-3030 (f) 2 and 7-3030 (f) 3. Section 7-3109 (a) 2.
1. Where a single car or counterweight safety is used, the maxi- (h) Guide Rail Guiding Surfaces. Guide rails shall have fin-
mum suspended weight of the car and its rated load, or the maxi- ished guiding surfaces.
mum suspended weight of the counterweight, including the (i) Rail Joints and Fishplates.
weight of any compensating ropes or chains and of any traveling
cables suspended therefrom, per pair of guide rails, shall not ex- 1. Metal guide rails shall be joined together by fishplates of such
ceed the maximum specified in Figure 7-3030 Fl for the size of rail design and strength as to withstand the forces specified in Design
and the bracket spacing used. Section 7-3109 (a) within the deflection limits specified.
EXCEPTION: The bracket spacing may exceed the values speci-
2. The joints of metal guide rails shall conform to the following
fied in Figure 7-3030 F1 for a counterweight with a safety device or for requirements:
a given weight of car plus its rated load per pair of guide rails, provided: A. The ends of the rails shall be accurately machined with a
1. The guide rail is reinforced; and tongue and matching groove centrally located in the
2. The moment of inertia of a single reinforced rail, about an axis web.
(I-I) parallel to the base of the rail, shall be not less than that required
by Figure 7-3109 D for the total weight per pair of guide rails at the
B. The backs of the rail flanges shall be accurately
bracket spacing used. machined, in relation to the rail guiding surfaces, to a
uniform distance front to back of the rails to form a flat
2. Where the car or counterweight is provided with two safety surface for the finished fishplates.
devices (duplex safety), the loads specified in Figure 7-3030 F1
may be increased by the factors specified in Table 7-3030 F2. C. The ends of each rail shall be bolted to the fishplates with
not fewer than 4 bolts.
3. The weight of the counterweight and the bracket spacing for
each rail size shall not exceed the values determined from Figures D. The width of the fishplate shall be not less than the width
7-3030 F3 A, 7-3030 F3 B and 7-3030 F3 C or for a counterweight of the back of the rail.
with a safety the values determined from Figure 7-3030 F1, E. The thickness of the fishplates and the diameter of the
whichever is most restrictive. In no case shall bracket spacing bolts for each size of guide rail shall be not less than spe-
exceed 16 feet. cified in Table 7-3030 I2.
35
7-3031 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

F. The diameter of bolt holes shall not exceed the diameter EXCEPTION: Solid bumpers of rubber, wood, or other material
of the bolts by more than 1/16 inch for guide rails nor having similar shock absorbing qualities may be used on:
1/ inch for fishplates. 1. Existing installations of solid bumpers.
8
2. Existing elevators having a rated speed of 50 feet per minute or
(j) Overall Length of Guide Rails. The top and bottom ends of less which have never had bumpers.
each run of guide rail shall be so located in relation to the extreme 3. Oil buffers or their equivalent shall be used where the rated
positions of travel of the car and counterweight that the car and speed is in excess of 200 feet per minute.
counterweight guiding members cannot travel beyond the ends of
the guide rails. This shall mean from the bottom of the pit to the EXCEPTIONS: 1. Installations of bumpers or spring buffers made
before June 5, 1947.
underside of the overhead slab or beams.
2. Where Type C safeties are used, solid bumpers may be used under
(k) Guide Rail Brackets and Building Supports. the car.

1. The building construction forming the supports for the guide (b) Location.
rail brackets shall be of such design as to: 1. Buffer or bumpers shall be located symmetrically with refer-
ence to the vertical centerline of the car frame or the counter-
A. Safely withstand the application of the car or counter-
weight frame, within the tolerance of 2 inches. The car bumpers or
weight safety when stopping the car and its rated load or
buffers shall be located so that the bottom runby does not exceed
the counterweight.
24 inches.
B. Withstand the forces specified in Design Section 7-3109 2. Buffers or bumpers shall be located in the pit.
(a) within the deflection limits specified.
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Oil buffers mounted on the counterweight.
Where necessary, the building construction shall be 2. Existing buffers mounted under the car.
reinforced to provide adequate support for the guide (c) Stroke of Spring Buffers. Spring buffers shall be
rails. constructed so that the stroke of the buffer spring, as marked on its
NOTE: Hoistway enclosure walls of brick, terra cotta, and similar marking plate, shall be equal to or greater than the following:
materials, used in buildings of steel and concrete construction, are usu-
ally insufficient in strength to form by themselves adequate supports RATED CAR SPEED FEET PER MINUTE STROKE IN INCHES
for the guide rails. 100 or less 11/2
C. Withstand seismic forces created by accelerations of
101 to 150 21/2
0.5 g horizontally acting on the car and/or counterweight
in their most adverse position in relation to any bracket 151 to 200 4
without deflecting more than 1/4 inch and without ex-
ceeding 88 percent of the yield strength of the material 1. The spring buffer shall be mounted so that the spring will be
used. compressed solid before the car or counterweight rests on the buff-
er support.
2. Guide rail brackets shall be secured to their supporting struc- (d) Load Rating of Spring Buffers. Spring buffers for cars and
ture by meas of bolts, rivets, or by welding to withstand forces de- counterweights shall:
scribed in Section 7-3030 (k) 1C. Fastening bolts ad bolt holes in
brackets and their supporting beams shall conform to the require- 1. Be capable of supporting, without being compressed solid, a
ments of Section 7-3030 (l). Welding shall conform to Section static load having a minimum of twice the total weight of:
7-3033 (g). A. The car and its rated load for car buffers.
3. Bracket fastening to building structures designed to provide B. The counterweight for counterweight buffers.
controlled movement between the brackets ad the building shall 2. Be compressed solid with a static load of three times the
be of a type acceptable to the division ad shall be of a design sup- weight of:
ported by engineering calculations.
A. The car and its rated load for car buffers.
(l) Fastening of Guide Rails to Rail Brackets.
B. The counterweight for counterweight buffers.
1. Guide rails shall be secured to their brackets by clips or by EXCEPTION: When Section 7-3019 (a) (2) necessitates a greater
bolts. load rating.
2. The size of bolts used for fastening the guide rails or rail clips (e) Marking Plate for Spring Buffers. Each spring buffer shall
to the brackets shall be not less than specified in Table 7-3030 L2. have permanently attached to it a metal plate marked in a legible
and permanent manner to show its stroke and load rating. (The
3. The diameter of holes or the width of slots for fastening bolts load rating is the load required to compress the spring an amount
shall not exceed the diameter of the bolt by more than the inch. equal to its stroke.)
Where slots are used for adjustment of the distance between guide
rails, the brackets shall be secured in their final position by a bolt (f) Stroke of Oil Buffers. The minimum stroke of oil buffers
not less than 96 inch diameter or by welding. shall be based on the requirements outlined in Design Section
7-3108 (a). Table 7-3031 F indicated the minimum buffer strokes
Car and Counterweight Buffers and Bumpers. for the most usual rated speeds.
7-3031. EXCEPTION: When oil buffers are used in conjunction with an
(a) Type Required. emergency terminal stopping device conforming to the requirements
of Section 7-3039 (c) which will limit the speed at which the car or
1. Buffers or bumpers shall be installed under the cars and counter weight can strike its buffer the following shall apply:
counterweights of all cable driven power elevators. 1. Reduce stroke oil buffers may be used on modernization
EXCEPTION: Counterweights of existing elevators which have installations in existing hoist ways provided that the stroke of the
never had bumpers or buffers. buffer shall be long as possible for the existing conditions.
2. Spring buffers, oil buffers, or their equivalent, shall be used 2. Reduced stroke oil buffers may be used for installations when
on all cable-driven power elevators. installed as follows: The buffer stroke shall be based on at least
36
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3032
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

115 percent of such reduced striking speed on an average retarda- B. For counterweight oil buffers, the weight of the counter-
tion not exceeding 32.2 feet per second squared (9.81 m/s2). In no weight used.
case, shall the stroke used be less than 50 percent of the stroke re- 2. The maximum load rating shall be not less than:
quired by Section 7-3031 (f) for rated speeds under 800 feet per
minute (4.06 m/s), nor less than 331/3 percent or 18 inches (457 A. For car oil buffers, the total weight of the car as marked
mm) whichever is greater, for rated speeds of 800 feet per minute on the crosshead data plate plus the rated load.
(4.08 m/s) or more. B. For counterweight oil buffers, the weight of the counter-
NOTE: See Section 7-3031 (m), Testing of Oil Buffers. weight used.
(g) Retardation by Oil Buffers. Buffer retardation rates shall (o) Oil Buffer Marking Plate. Every installed oil buffer shall
conform to the requirements of Design Section 7-3108 (b). have securely attached thereto a metal plate, marked by the
(h) Factor of Safety for Oil Buffer Parts. The factor of safety manufacturer in a legible and permanent manner, indicating:
of oil buffer parts shall conform to the requirements of Design 1. The maximum and minimum loads and the maximum strik-
Section 7-3108 (c). ing speed for which the buffer has been approved.
(i) L/R for Members Under Compression as Columns. The 2. The manufacturer’s identifying type or number of the buffer.
L/R ratio for oil buffer members shall conform to Design Section 3. The permissible range in viscosity of the buffer oil to be used,
7-3108 (d). stated in Saybolt Seconds Universal at 100_F.
(j) Plunger Return Requirements. Oil buffers shall be so de- 4. The viscosity index number of the oil to be used.
signed that:
5. The pour point in degrees F. of the oil to be used.
1. The buffer plunger of the gravity-return and spring-return
type oil buffers, when the buffer is filled with oil, shall, when re- 6. The stroke.
leased after full compression, return to its fully extended position Counterweights.
within 90 seconds. 7-3032.
2. The plunger of a spring-return type oil buffer with a 50 pound (a) Frames. Counterweight weight sections shall be mounted in
weight resting on it shall, when released after being compressed structural or formed metal frames, so designed as to retain the
2 inches, return to the fully extended position within 30 seconds. weights securely in place.
3. Car and counterweight buffers of the spring-return type shall EXCEPTION: Existing counterweights secured together by rods
be provided with a switch, operated by the buffer in case it is com- and guided on slots in the guide weights or by separate guide shoes.
pressed more than 3 inches, and so connected to the control circuit 1. The counterweight frame shall be constructed so the nominal
that the speed of the descending car or counterweight shall not ex- clearance between the face of the rail and the frame does not ex-
ceed 1/2 the rated speed unless the buffer plunger returns to within ceed 1/2 inch on each side at the approximate center of the frame.
3 inches of its normal position. 2. The counterweight frame and subweights shall be
EXCEPTION: Elevators with buffers installed before June 5, constructed so the subweights occupy not less than 2/3 of the
1947. counterweight frame space.
(k) Means for Determining Oil Level. Oil buffers shall be pro- (b) Tie Rods. At least two tie rods shall be provided which shall
vided with means for determining the oil level, and that the level is pass through all weight sections and through the top and bottom
within the maximum and minimum allowable limits. Glass sight structural members. Tie rods shall be provided with lock nuts and
gages shall not be used. cotter pins at each end.
(l) Approval of Oil Buffers. Every type oil buffer shall be ap- EXCEPTIONS: 1. Counterweights installed before June 5,1947,
proved by the Division of Industrial Safety before installation. shall be securely retained in place. See Section 7-3032 (g).
The approval shall be based on tests witnessed by a representative 2. Tie rods are not required where other means are provided to retain
of the division, or certified test reports as specified in Design Sec- weight sections in place if they become broken.
tion 7-3108 (g) may be accepted. 3. The tie rods need not pass through the top structural member pro-
vided some equally effective method of retaining the weights in the
(m) Testing of Oil Buffers. On each installation of an elevator frame is provided.
equipped with oil buffers, a field test of the buffers shall be made,
and witnessed by a representative of the division consisting of run- 1. Existing rod-type counterweights installed since June 5,
ning the car with rated load onto its buffer at rated speed and the 1947, shall be secured together with not less than four rods, at least
counterweight onto its buffer at rated speed with the car empty. In two of which pass through holes in each weight section.
making these tests, the normal terminal limit switches shall be 2. Where material other than cast metal or steel subweights se-
made temporarily inoperative, and the final terminal limits shall cured by tie rods in a structural frame is used as a counterweight,
remain operative but shall be temporarily relocated if necessary to the plans for the counterweight shall be submitted to the division
permit full compression of the buffer during the tests. for approval.
EXCEPTION: Reduced stroke buffers shall be struck at speeds re- (c) Guiding of Counterweights. All elevator counterweights
duced to conform to the stroke of the buffer used, and the test shall dem- shall run in guides.
onstrate that no part of the car or counterweight will contact the
overhead structure. Failure to so demonstrate shall require adjustments EXCEPTION: Existing counterweights running in boxes.
or modification acceptable to the division. 1. Counterweight frames shall be guided on each guide rail by
(n) Load Ratings of Oil Buffers. The minimum and maximum upper and lower guiding members attached to the frame. The guid-
load ratings of car and counterweight oil buffers as indicated on ing members or auxiliary guiding members and their attachment
the buffer marking plate shall conform to the following: to the counterweight frame shall be designed to withstand seismic
forces of not less than 0.5g horizontally. The clearances between
1. The minimum load rating shall be not greater than: the machined faces of the rail and auxiliary guiding members
A. For car oil buffers, the total weight of the car as marked shall be not more than 3/16 inch. The engagement of the rail shall
on the crosshead data plate plus 150 pounds. be not less than the dimension of the machined side face of the rail.
37
7-3033 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

EXCEPTIONS: 1. Elevators where proper certification to the Di- (c) Design of Car Frame and Guiding Members. The frame
vision of Industrial Safety has been made by an engineer qualified un- and its guiding members shall be designed to withstand the forces
der the Civil and Professional Engineers Act that the counterweight resulting under the loading conditions for which the elevator is de-
guides have been designed and built to withstand the seismic forces for
which the building was designed. signed. See Section 7-3037.
2. A period of seven years from October 6, 1975 will be allowed for (d) Underslung or Sub-post Car Frames. The vertical dis-
counterweights of elevators existing on this date to comply with the re- tance between the top and bottom guide shoes of an elevator car
quirements of Section 7-3032 (c) l. having a subpost car frame, or having a underslung car frame lo-
2. Where an independent car counterweight is provided, it shall cated entirely below the car platform, shall be not less than 40 per-
run in separate guide rails and shall not be of sufficient weight to cent of the distance between guide rails.
cause undue slackening of the hoisting ropes during acceleration (e) Car Platforms. Every elevator car shall have a platform
or retardation of the elevator car. consisting of a nonperforated floor attached to a platform frame
3. On existing elevators where car counterweights and machine supported by the car frame, and extending over the entire area
counterweights are used in the same guides, the car counter- within the car enclosure. The platform frame members and the
weights shall be located above the machine counterweights, and a floor shall be designed to withstand the forces developed under the
distance of not less than 6 inches between weights shall be main- loading conditions for which the elevator is designed and
tained. Machine and car counterweights that are not independent installed.
of and separated from each other will not be permitted. Where the EXCEPTION: Platform frames are not required where laminated
counterweight ropes attached to a lower counterweight pass platforms are provided. Laminated platforms may be used for passen-
through an upper counterweight, the ropes shall be protected from ger elevators having a rated load of 5,000 pounds or less. The deflec-
injury. tion at any point of a laminated platform, when uniformly loaded to
rated capacity, shall not exceed 1/960 of the span. The stresses in the
(d) Design Requirements for Frames and Rods. The frame steel facing shall not exceed 20 percent of its ultimate strength. The
members and their connections shall be designed with a factor of stresses in the plywood core shall not exceed 60 percent of the allow-
safety of not less than 5 with the elevator at rest and the counter- able stresses specified in Table 3. Allowable stresses for plywood, in
weight at the top of its travel. the American Plywood Association’s Plywood Design Specification
(PDS), Form No. Y510, August, 1986, revised December, 1990, which
Frames and rods shall be made of steel or other metals conform- is hereby incorporated by reference.
ing to the requirements for materials in car frames in Section (f) Materials for Car Frames and Platform Frames.
7-3033 (f).
1. Materials used in the construction of car frames and plat-
Connections between frame members shall conform to the re- forms shall conform to the following:
quirements in Section 7-3033 (g).
A. Car frames and outside members of platform frames
(e) Sheaves. Where a hoisting sheave or sheaves is mounted in shall be made of steel or other metals.
the frame, the requirements of Design Section 7-3101 (b) 1 shall
B. Platform stringers of freight elevators designed for Class
apply.
B or C loading shall be of steel or other metals.
(f) Suspension Rope Hitch Plates or Shapes. Where counter-
C. Platform stringers of passenger elevators and of freight
weights are suspended by ropes attached directly to the frames by
elevators designed for Class A loading shall be made of
means of rope fastenings, the rope attachments shall conform to
steel or other metals, or of wood.
Section 7-3033 (m).
D. Cast iron shall not be used for any part subject to tension,
(g) Securing of Weights in Frames. The weights shall be torsion, or bending.
mounted and secured in the frames to prevent shifting of the
weights by an amount which will reduce the running clearances to EXCEPTIONS: 1. Guiding supports.
less than those specified in Section 7-3018 (b). 2. Guide shoes.
3. Compensating rope anchorages.
(h) Overhead Stops for Counterweights of Drum Type Ele-
2. Steel, where used in the construction of car frames and plat-
vators. There shall be secured at the upper limit of travel of the
forms, shall conform to the requirements of Design Section
counterweights of all elevators having winding drum machines,
7-3101 (a).
an I-beam or other obstruction so that the counterweights cannot
be drawn up into the overhead sheaves or drum. 3. Metals other than steel may be used in the construction of car
frames and platforms provided the metal used has the essential
(i) Cars Counterbalancing One Another. An elevator car properties to meet all the requirements for the purpose in accor-
shall not be used to counterbalance another elevator car. dance with acceptable engineering practices, and providing the
(j) Compensating Chain or Rope Fastenings. Compensating stresses and deflections conform to the requirements of Sections
chains or ropes shall be fastened to the counterweight frame di- 7-3101 (a) 4 and 7-3101 (a) 5.
rectly or to a bracket fastened to the frame and shall not be fastened 4. Wood used for platform stringers and for platform floors and
to the tie rods. subfloors shall be of clear, structural quality lumber conforming to
Car Frames and Platforms. the requirements of Design Section 7-3101 (a) 2.
7-3033. (g) Car Frame and Platform Connections. Connections be-
(a) Car Frames Required. Every elevator suspended by wire tween members of car frames and platforms shall be riveted,
ropes shall have a car frame consisting of a cross head, uprights bolted, or welded, and shall conform to Design Section 7-3101 (a)
(stiles), and a plank located approximately at the middle of the car 4 and to the following:
platform, and in no case farther from the middle than 1/8 of the dis- 1. Bolts used through flanges of structural members where the
tance from front to back of the platform. flanges slope more than 5 degrees shall have bolt heads of the
(b) Guiding Members. Car frames shall be guided on each tipped-head type or shall be fitted with beveled washers.
guide rail by upper and lower guiding members attached to the 2. Nuts used on the flanges of structural members where the
frame. flanges slope more than 5 degrees shall seat on beveled washers.
38
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3034
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

3. Welding of parts upon which safe operation depends shall be in the car frame plank and uprights, and platform frames, shall be
done in accordance with the appropriate standards established by based on the formulas and data in Design Section 7-3101.
the America Welding Society. All welding of such parts shall be (o) Platform Side Braces. Where side bracing and similar
done by welders qualified in accordance with the requirements of members are attached to car frame uprights, the reduction in area
the American Welding Society. At the option of the manufacturer, of the upright shall not reduce the strength of the upright below
the welders may be qualified by one of the following: that required by Design Section 7-3101 (a) 4.
A. By the manufacturer. (p) Hinged Platform Sills. Hinged platform sills shall conform
B. By a California licensed Professional Engineer. to the following requirements:
C. By an approved testing laboratory. 1. They shall be provided with electric contacts which will pre-
EXCEPTION: Tack welds not later incorporated into finished
vent operation of the elevator by the normal operating device un-
welds carrying calculated loads. less the hinged sill is within 2 inches of its fully retracted position,
provided that when in this position the sill shall not reduce the
(h) Protection of Platforms Against Fire. The underside of
clearance specified in Section 7-3018 (d).
wood platforms and the exposed surfaces of wood platform string-
ers of passenger elevators shall be protected against fire by one of 2. The elevator may be operated by the leveling device in the
the following methods: leveling zone with the sill in any position.
1. By covering with sheet steel of at least No. 27 M.S. gage or Car Enclosures and Car Doors and Gates.
with equally fire retardant material. 7-3034
2. By painting with fire retardant paint. See Design Section (a) Passenger and Freight Enclosures, General. All elevator
7-3101 (a) 3. cars shall be permanently enclosed on all sides and the top, except
3. Fire retardant treated wood. that portion which is used as an entrance or entrances.
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Existing freight elevators which shall comply
(i) Platform Guards (Aprons). The entrance side of the plat- with Section 7-3034 (c).
form of passenger and freight elevators equipped with leveling de- 2. Emergency exit panels.
vices or truck-zoning devices shall be provided with smooth metal
guard plates of not less than No. 16 M.S. gage steel, or material of 1. The enclosure shall be securely fastened to the car platform
equivalent strength and stiffness, adequately reinforced and and so supported that it cannot loosen or become displaced in or-
braced to the car platform and conforming to the following: dinary service or on application of the car safety or on buffer en-
gagement.
1. It shall extend not less than the full width of the widest hoist-
2. The enclosure walls shall be of such strength and be so
way boor opening.
designed and supported that when subjected to a pressure of
2. It shall have a straight vertical face, extending below the floor 75 pounds applied horizontally at any point on the walls of the
surface of the platform, of not less than the depth of the leveling or enclosure, the deflection will not reduce the running clearance be-
the truck zone, plus 3 inches. low the allowed minimum.
3. The lower portion of the guard shall be bent back at an angle 3. No elevator car shall have more than one compartment. Two
of not less than 60 degrees nor more than 75 degrees from the hori- compartments in the same horizontal plane will be permitted, pro-
zontal. The bent portion shall be not less than 3 inches long. vided that access to the landings can be had through only one of
4. The guard plate shall be securely braced and fastened in place them.
to withstand a constant force of not less than 150 pounds applied at EXCEPTION: Passenger elevators or freight elevators may have
right angles to and at any position on its face without deflecting two compartments, one of which is located immediately above the oth-
more than 1/4 inch, and without permanent deformation. er provided the compartmented elevator conforms to the following re-
quirements:
(j) Maximum Allowable Stresses in Car Frame and Plat- 1. The elevator shall be used exclusively for passengers or exclu-
form Members. The stresses in car frame and platform members, sively for freight at any one time.
based on the static load imposed upon them, shall not exceed those 2. Each compartment shall conform to the requirements of this Sec-
specified in Design Section 7-3101 (a) 4. tion except that a trap door in the floor of the upper compartment shall
provide access to the top emergency exit for the lower compartment.
(k) Maximum Allowable Deflections of Car Frame and Plat- 3. Where either or both compartments are intended for passenger
form Members. The deflections of car frame and platform mem- service, the minimum rated load for each compartment shall conform
bers, based on the static load imposed upon them, shall be not to the requirements of Section 7-3037 (a).
more than those specified in Design Section 7-3101 (a) 5. Where one compartment is intended for freight use, its minimum
(l) Car Frames With Crosshead Sheaves. Where a hoisting rated load shall conform to the requirements of Section 7-3037 (a) or
shall be based on the freight loads to be handled, if greater than the
rope sheave is mounted on the car frame, the construction shall minimum rated load required by Section 7-3037 (a).
conform to Design Section 7-3101 (b). Where both compartments are used exclusively for freight, the
(m) Hoisting Rope Hitch Plates or Shapes. Where cars are minimum rated load of each compartment shall conform to the require-
suspended by hoisting ropes attached to the car frame by means of ments of Section 7-3037 (b).
rope shackles, the shackles shall be attached to steel hitch plates or The rated load of the elevator shall be the sum of the rated loads of
to structural or formed steel shapes. Such plates or shapes shall be the individual compartments.
secured to the underside or to the webs of the car frame member 4. An emergency stop switch conforming to the requirements of
Section 7-3040 (b) 5 shall be provided in each compartment and these
with bolts, rivets, or welds so located that the tensions in the hoist-
emergency stop switches shall be so connected that the car cannot run
ing ropes will not develop direct tension in the bolts or rivets. The unless both are in the run position.
stresses shall not exceed those permitted by Design Sections 5. All hoistway doors shall be closed and locked and the car doors
7-3111 (c) and 7-3111 (d). for each compartment closed before the car can be operated.
(n) Calculation of Stresses in Car Frame and Platform 4. An emergency exit with a cover shall be provided in the top
Frame Members. The calculation of the stresses and deflections of all new elevators except observation-type elevators and in the
39
7-3034 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

top of all passenger elevator cars installed since June 5, 1947. On 2. Lighting, heating, ventilating, air conditioning and sound equip-
elevators installed after April 16, 1970, the emergency exit shall ment for the car.
conform to the following: 9. Permanent guardrails, either fixed or capable of being raised
from a retracted position, shall be provided around all sides of the
A. The exit opening shall have an area of not less than 400
work area of the car top where a hoistway enclosure is not fur-
square inches, and shall measure not less than 16 inches
nished to provide a safe work area for maintenance work on the car
on any one side.
and in the hoistway.
B. The exit shall be so located as to provide a clear passage
A. Where guardrails must be raised into position, the top of
of not less than 400 square inches unobstructed by fixed
car operating station shall not be operative unless the
elevator equipment, including lighting equipment lo-
guardrails are raised.
cated in or on top of the car.
(b) Passenger Car Enclosures.
C. The exit cover shall open outward and shall be hinged or
otherwise attached to the car top and so arranged that the 1. The enclosures for passenger elevators may be of metal,
cover can be opened from the top of the car and from in- wood, or other substantial material subject to the following:
side the car by means of a spring return 5 pin or disc tum- A. For new installations, they shall be of solid material
bler lock that allows the exit to be opened from the car from the floor to the car top.
with a key and from the top of the car without a key.
The key shall be accessible to authorized personnel B. For existing installations, they shall be of solid material
and no other key to the building shall unlock the emer- to a height of not less than 3 feet above the car floor.
gency exit lock, except where access switches are fur- Above the solid panel and extending to the top frame of
nished, the key used to operate the access switch may the cab, open work may be used, provided the design
also unlock the car top emergency door lock. shall be such that the openings will not be more than
1/ inch square to a height of at least 6 feet from the car
2
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Exit covers arranged to be opened from the top
of the car only on elevators not equipped with emergency operation de-
floor and the openings above 6 feet shall be not more
scribed in Section 7-3041 (d) 6. than 2 inches in width.
2. The exit cover of the lower deck of a multideck elevator shall be C. The tops of all passenger elevator cars shall be made
openable from either compartment. solid except those existing tops covered with wire
D. Car top emergency exits shall be prohibited on observa- screening having meshes not larger than 1/2 inch in the
tion-type elevators. Where access to the car top is re- greatest dimension.
quired for re-roping or other maintenance work as may 2. Where car doors are used, means for ventilation shall be pro-
be determined by the Division, access panels in the car vided. Vent openings shall not be located in the portion of the en-
top shall be provided secured in place so as to require a closure walls extending from a point 1 foot above the floor to a
tool to remove the panel. point 6 feet above the floor. Vent openings less than 1 foot above
5. Tops of car enclosures, including exit covers, shall be so de- the floor shall reject a ball 1 inch in diameter. Vent openings above
signed and installed as to be capable of sustaining a load of 300 the 6 foot level shall reject a ball 2 inches in diameter. Vent open-
pounds on any square area 2 feet on a side and 100 pounds applied ings shall reject a ball 3/4 inch in diameter, or shall be protected by
at any point. Simultaneous application of these loads is not re- substantial baffles, or shall be located above a ceiling, to prevent
quired. objects projecting from the car into the hoistway.
6. Equipment or material which is not required for the operation Ventilating fans or blowers, if used, shall be securely fastened in
of the elevator or its appliances, except where specifically pro- place and located above the ceiling or outside the enclosure.
vided herein, shall not be located above the top of an elevator car. 3. Side emergency exits, to allow passage between elevator
7. Glass may be used in elevator cars provided: platforms, shall be installed in the adjacent enclosures of elevators
in adjacent hoistways where there are no intervening hoistway
A. Glass, other than safety glass, shall be used only for cov- partitions, counterweights, or any fixed obstructions other than
ers for certificates, lighting fixtures, or other appliances separator beams, and where the vertical distance between adjacent
necessary for the operation of the elevator providing no
landings exceeds 30 feet.
one piece shall exceed 1 square foot in area and the total
area, excluding electric lamps, shall not exceed 4 square EXCEPTIONS: 1. Elevators equipped with safety devices that do
feet. not require resetting from the car.
2. Where the horizontal distance between elevator car platforms ex-
EXCEPTION: Existing wire glass or shatterproof glass in car ceeds 2 feet 6 inches, side exit doors are prohibited. Side emergency
doors. exit doors shall:
B. Safety glass meeting the requirements of ANSI A97.1, A. Be of the hinged type.
except for transparency, may be installed inside the ele- B. Open only into the car.
vator car enclosure, provided the glass is mounted in C. Extend from the floor or base molding to a clear height of not
such a manner that the glass and its mountings will with- less than 5 feet and shall have a width sufficient to provide not
stand the required elevator test without becoming dis- less than 14 inches of clear passageway when the door is open.
lodged or damaged. D. Be so located as to provide free passageway and so that passage
of persons is not obstructed by hoisting or counterweight ropes,
C. Car enclosures for special elevators may be of glass pro- car frame members, or by fixed elevator equipment.
vided they comply with Section 7-3034 (b) 5.
E. Be provided with a lock so arranged that the door may be
8. Apparatus or equipment other than that used in connection opened from inside the car only by a specially shaped, remov-
with the operation of the elevator, shall not be installed inside the able key, and from outside by a nonremovable handle. Locks
elevator car. shall be so designed that they cannot be opened from the inside
by the use of ordinary tools or instruments. There shall be no
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Railroad or conveyor tracks in freight elevator obstruction on the inside of the enclosure which will prevent
cars. opening the door from either side.

40
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3034
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

F. Be provided with approved-type electric contacts to prevent edge). Shims and setting blocks will be 80 to 90
operation of the elevator when the door is open and so located durometer neoprene, permanently attached to the
as to be inaccessible from the inside of the car. sash rabbet, and functioning as a cushion between
G. Be of the same material and construction as required for the en- the metal and the glass.
closure. Keys for unlocking side emergency exit doors shall be
kept on the premises in a location available to qualified persons
The vinyl shall be protected at all edges with a
in case of emergency. continuous protective covering or tape along all
edges. The tape shall be impervious to oil, water, or
4. Vision panels are not required, but where used shall:
solvent. Glass should not be exposed to surface tem-
A. Have a total area of not more than 144 square inches, and peratures exceeding 130_F for prolonged periods of
no single glass panel shall have a width exceeding time.
6 inches. F. These are minimum standards for glass and glazing in
B. Be provided with clear wire-glass or laminated safety elevators. For unusual designs or other applications, it is
glass panels. suggested that a responsible professional engineer be
consulted. The technical representative of glass suppli-
C. Be located in the car door or in the front return panel of
ers may be consulted regarding size availability and
the car enclosure.
glazing details. Maximum glass area, per lite, shall be re-
D. In power-operated car doors, have the inside face of the viewed in each application with reference to applicable
glass located substantially flush with the inside surface codes or building authority requirements.
of the door panel.
(c) Freight Car Enclosures:
5. Passenger elevator car enclosures of glass may be installed in
1. Enclosures shall be of metal without perforations to a height
hoistways designed for the purpose of view or aesthetic values.
of not less than 6 feet above the platform floor, except for the nec-
These special car enclosures shall conform to the following as a
essary entrances. Above the 6 foot level, the walls and top of the
minimum:
enclosure shall be metal with or without perforations, except that
A. It is recommended that the amount of glass be held to a portion of the enclosure wall in front of and extending 6 inches on
minimum and that the lower portion of the car enclosure each side of the counterweight which shall be without perfora-
be of metal construction to a height of at least 42 inches tions. Perforated portions of enclosures shall reject a ball
above the floor. If solid metal construction is not pro- 11/2 inches in diameter.
vided, adequate guardrails will be required on the inside 2. Existing freight elevator cars shall be enclosed not less than
of the car.
6 feet high, except for the necessary entrances. The enclosure may
B. Detailed drawings listing materials and fastenings shall be of wood, metal, or other recognized material, solid or open
be submitted to the division for approval prior to instal- work, but if open work is used, the design shall be such as to reject
lation and certification that the glass used conforms to a ball 1/2 inch in diameter, except enclosures installed before June
Section 7-3034 (b) 5D. 5, 1947 shall reject a ball 2 inches in diameter.
C. The glazing material shall be such that shock from set- That portion of the enclosure in front of the counterweight, or in
ting the safety or landing the car on the buffer will not front of any obstruction within 4 inches of the car, shall extend to
dislodge any panel. In the design of the elevator car, pro- the car top. Where no car top is provided, the enclosure shall ex-
visions shall be made to allow the car-holding safety de- tend to the crosshead height or to a height of 8 feet if the crosshead
vice to set a maximum 2 inches out of level without height is less than 8 feet. This enclosure shall extend 6 inches each
causing the cab structure to wrack in any manner. side of the counterweight; and if open-work is used, shall reject a
ball 1/2 inch in diameter.
D. The glass product-type shall be a laminated glass with a
total nominal thickness of 0.550 or 9/16 inch. The com- EXCEPTION: Where the enclosure of a power freight elevator is
position will be two lites of minimum 1/4-inch glass with cut away at the front of the car to make the shipper rope accessible,
such opening in the enclosure shall be cut to within 30 inches of and
a tolerance of  1/32 inch. The inner lite may be heat not less than 24 inches from, the car platform and so located as to re-
treated or plate glass. The outer lite may be tinted, or re- duce the hazard to a minimum.
flective, but shall not have a rated strength and impact
3. Hinged or removable panels shall not be provided in car tops
resistance less than 1/4-inch plate glass. Heat treated
except for emergency exits.
glass may be annealed, heat strengthened or fully tem-
pered. EXCEPTION: Existing elevators without contacted car doors or
Joining or laminating the two glass lites together shall gates in hoistways, where the upper terminal landing entrance is pro-
tected by a gate 41 inches to 45 inches high, any portion of the car top
be an interlayer of polyvinyl butyral not less than 0.060 within 18 inches of the line of the edge of the threshold shall be hinged
inch thick. The glass product-type shall meet the re- so that it will fold back if obstructed in its descent.
quirements of ANSI Z97.1-1972 for safety glazing
(d) Car Doors and Gates, General Requirements.
materials and Federal Specification DD-G-00451 (b).
1. A door or gate shall be provided at each entrance to the car.
E. Glazing of these glass units shall have the following
minimum glazing dimensions in the metal or gasketed EXCEPTIONS: 1. Elevators installed before June 5, 1947, with no
frames with pressure stops: car doors or gates in which the operator is always in control of the car
except in the leveling zone. This exception applies only to the entrance
1. Rabbet depth not less than 7/8 inch nearest the operator on passenger elevators.
2. Automatic operation freight elevators having an entrance over 7
2. Clearance at head, sill and jambs 7/16 inch feet wide that were installed before June 5, 1947, and have never had
3. Setting block height 1/4 inch to 5/8 inch doors or gates on the car.
3. Existing elevators that have been converted from shipper rope op-
4. Edge clearance not less than 1/8 inch eration and which never had car gates. This exception applies to con-
Glass shall be centered in the sash opening with version of operation only without addition to the number of stations
centering shims (a minimum of three shims per from which the car can be operated.

41
7-3034 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

2. Each car door or car gate shall be equipped with an ap- 3. Doors and gates, when in the fully closed position, shall pro-
proved-type electric contact, located so that the contact is not tect the full width and height of the car entrance opening.
readily accessible from inside the car. Car door or gate contacts EXCEPTION: The height of vertically-sliding, power-operated
shall conform to the following: gates permitted by Section 7-3034 (e) 2.
A. Operation of the elevator driving machine when the car 4. There shall be no openings in doors, except for vision panels,
door or gate is not in the closed position shall be possible if used. Door panels shall have a substantially flush surface with-
only by a car-leveling or truck-zoning device or when a out recessed or raised moldings and shall be of material conform-
hoistway access switch is operated. ing to Section 7-3034 (b) 1.
EXCEPTION: The limited movement of elevators equipped with 5. Collapsible-type gates, where allowed, shall conform to the
advance start or pulse start feature. See Section 7-3021 (d) 1E. following:
B. They shall be positively opened by a lever or other de- A. When fully extended (closed position), reject a ball
vice attached to and operated by the door or gate. 3 inches in diameter.
C. There shall be maintained in the open position by the ac- EXCEPTION: Gates installed on elevators before June 5, 1947.
tion of gravity or by a restrained compression spring, or B. Have alternate vertical members act as guides at both
by both, or by positive mechanical means. top and bottom.
3. The closed position for car doors or car gates shall be when EXCEPTION: Gates installed on elevators before June 5, 1947.
the edge of the door or gate is closed within 2 inches of the nearest C. Not be power opened unless arranged in some manner to
face of the jamb or sill, or on center-opening doors, when the prevent shear. See Section 7-3022 (a) 1.
doors are closed within 2 inches of each other.
D. Handles for collapsible gates shall be provided with fin-
EXCEPTION: For elevators which can be started from the car ger guards.
only, and whose car door or gate is provided with a door closer, and
whose hoistway doors are provided with door closers and interlocks E. Not be used with power-operated, vertically-sliding
meeting the requirements of the exception to Section 7-3021 (g), the hoistway doors.
car door or gate contact may permit starting of the car when the car door
or gate is closed to within 4 inches of the nearest face of the jamb; or
F. May be arranged to swing inward when in the fully open
on center-opening doors when the doors are closed within 4 inches of (collapsed) position.
each other. (f) Freight Car Doors and Gates.
4. The distance from the face of the car door or gate to the face of 1. Doors shall be of the horizontally sliding type or may be of the
the hoistway door shall conform to the requirements of Section vertically sliding type if manually operated.
7-3020 (b) 14.
2. Gates shall be of the horizontally sliding collapsible type or of
5. Doors and gates and their guides, guide shoes, tracks, and the vertically sliding type. For elevators designed for either Type
hangers, shall be so designed and installed that when the fully B or Type C loading, gates shall be of the vertically sliding type.
closed door or gate is subjected to a force of 75 pounds, applied on
an area of 1 square foot at right angles to and approximately at the 3. Car doors and gates shall conform to the following:
center of the door or gate, it will not deflect beyond the line of the A. Doors and gates shall protect the full width of the car
car sill. When subjected to a force of 250 pounds similarly ap- entrance opening.
plied, doors and vertically sliding gates shall not break nor be per- B. Horizontally sliding doors, when fully closed, shall pro-
manently deformed and shall not be displaced from their guides or tect the full height of the opening.
tracks. Where multi-section doors or gates are used, each panel
shall withstand the forces specified. C. Doors shall be of material conforming to Section 7-3034
(c) 1.
6. Car doors or gates shall be arranged so that when the car is
stopped, they may be opened by hand from inside the car. The 4. Collapsible type gates shall conform to the following:
force required at the edge of horizontally sliding doors to open the A. When fully extended (closed position), reject a ball
door(s) shall not exceed 75 pounds. 4 1/2 inches in diameter up to a height of not less than
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Power-operated doors of passenger elevators, 6 feet.
provided they are arranged to be opened from inside the car in case of B. Have alternate vertical members act as guides at the
power failure. bottom and no less than every fourth vertical member act
2. Locked doors or gates provided on existing elevators under Sec- as guides at the top.
tion 7-3018(e), Exception 4.
C. Not be power opened unless arranged in some manner to
(e) Passenger Car Doors and Gates.
prevent shear. See Section 7-3022 (a) 1.
1. There shall be not more than two entrances to the car. D. Be provided with handles with finger guards.
EXCEPTION: Elevators installed before June 5, 1947, with more
than two original entrances. E. May be arranged to swing inward when in the fully open
(collapsed) position.
2. Horizontally sliding doors shall be provided at each car en-
trance opening of automatic operation elevators and at any car en- 5. Vertically sliding doors or gates shall conform to the
trance opening remote from the operator of elevators having other following:
types of operation. A. They shall be of the balanced, counterweighted type or
EXCEPTIONS: 1. In existing hoistways, where structural condi- the biparting counterbalanced type.
tions do not permit the installation of doors, collapsible-type car gates B. Weights used to balance doors or gates shall be located
may be provided.
outside the car enclosure and shall run in guides or shall
2. Vertically-sliding, power-operated gates of the balanced, counter-
weighted type may be used provided their operation is sequenced with
be boxed in. Guides shall be of metal, and be so
power-operated biparting hoistway doors as outlined in Section constructed as to contain the weight if the suspension
7-3022 (e) and the construction of the gate conforms to Sections member fails. Suspension members shall have a factor of
7-3034 (f) 3 and 7-3034 (f) 5. safety of not less than 5.
42
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3035
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

C. Gates shall be constructed of wood or metal and shall be 2. All car safeties shall be mounted on a single car frame and
of a design which will reject a ball 2 inches in diameter. shall operate only on one pair of guide rails, between which the
D. Vertically sliding gates and vertically sliding doors, frame is located.
when fully closed, shall extend from a point not more 3. See Design Section 7-3106 for details of approval of safeties.
than 1 inch above the car floor to a point not less than 4. Every type of car-holding or counterweight safety device
6 feet above the car floor. hereafter installed shall be field tested before a permit to operate is
(g) Illumination of Cars. issued. This test shall be witnessed by an authorized representa-
1. Cars shall be provided with an electric light or lights. Not less tive of the Division of Industrial Safety, or the division may accept
than two lamps shall be provided. reports of witnesses recognized as competent by the division. This
test shall demonstrate that the safety device will function as re-
2. The minimum illumination measured at the landing edge of quired by Section 7-3035 (c).
the car platform when the car and landing doors are open shall be
not less than: (b) Duplex Safeties.
1. Where two (duplex) safeties are provided, the lower safety
A. For passenger elevators—5 footcandles.
device shall be capable of developing not less than 1/2 of the force
B. For freight elevators—21/2 footcandles. required to stop the entire car with rated load. See also Design Sec-
3. Passenger elevator cars shall be provided with emergency tion 7-3100 (b). Duplexed safety devices shall be arranged so as to
lighting in accordance with Article 700, State Electrical Code and function approximately simultaneously. Complete details of the
conforming to the following: car frame and the safety device linkage shall be submitted to the
division for approval.
A. The emergency system shall provide some general illu-
mination for the car. The intensity of illumination 4 feet 2. Type A or Type C safety devices shall not be used in multiple
above the car floor and approximately 1 foot in front of a (duplexed).
car station shall be no less than 0.2 of a footcandle. (c) Function and Stopping Distance of Safeties.
Lights shall be automatically turned on in all elevators in
1. The safety device, or the combined safety devices where fur-
service not more than 10 seconds after normal lighting
nished, shall be capable of stopping and sustaining the entire car
power fails. The emergency power supply system shall
with its rated load from governor tripping speed. The weight of the
be capable of maintaining the above light intensity for a
entire car shall include any compensating ropes, traveling cables,
period of not less than 4 hours.
and any other attachments to the car.
B. Not less than two lamps of approximately equal wattage EXCEPTION: Safeties of elevators equipped with alternating cur-
shall be provided to obtain the required illumination. rent driving machines may have the full load test conducted at normal
4. Light control switches are required and shall: down speed by tripping the governor by hand. See Section 7-3036 (a)
1 for governor test required.
A. Be located within the elevator enclosure. 2. Type B safeties shall stop the car with its rated load from gov-
B. Be located in or adjacent to the operating device in the ernor tripping speed within the range of the maximum and mini-
car or in the space above the light diffusing ceiling where mum stopping distances as determined by the formulas in Design
such ceilings are provided. Section 7-3106 (a) 1.
C. In passenger elevators having automatic operation, be A. Table 7-3035C and Figures 7-3106 A1 through 7-3106
key operated or in a fixture with a locked cover if located A7 show the maximum and minimum stopping dis-
below the light diffusing ceiling. tances for various governor tripping speeds for refer-
ence.
5. The panels used for light diffusing shall not come in contact
with the lamps or lampholders and shall be of a material that will B. The distance the car traveled, after the safety device be-
not support combustion in air. gan to engage the rails until the car stopped, shall be
measured by taking the average of the four rail marks
6. Light bulbs or tubes in passenger elevators shall be installed and deducting the length of the safety jaw or wedge.
behind a protecting cover.
3. During the field test, the controls shall be arranged so that the
EXCEPTION: Light bulbs mounted in a recess approximately the
diameter of the bulb and recessed behind the parent surface a distance full power in the down direction shall be applied until the safety
not less than the diameter of the bulb. has fully applied.
7. Lamps in freight elevators shall be installed behind a protec- 4. The field test on Type A safeties shall include the inertia test
tive guard to prevent breakage. as outlined in Design Section 7-3106 (c) 3A.
Car and Counterweight Safeties. 5. The field test of counterweight safeties actuated by a gover-
7-3035. nor shall be conducted with no load in the car. See Section 7-3035
(d) 1 for drop test requirements where counterweight safeties are
(a) Where Required and Located. not governor actuated.
1. The car of every elevator suspended by wire ropes shall be 6. A functional test may be required when inspection of the safe-
provided with one or more approved car safety devices of a type ty parts reveals conditions that may prevent the safety from oper-
identified in Section 7-3035 (e). The safeties shall be attached to ating as intended.
the car frame, and one safety shall be located within or below the
lower members of the car frame (safety plank). (d) Counterweight Safeties. Where any space below the hoist-
way is used for a passageway or is occupied by persons, or if unoc-
EXCEPTION: Existing elevators having a rise of not more than
15 feet that were:
cupied is not permanently sealed against access, the following
requirements shall be conformed to:
1. Installed before January 1, 1925, or
2. Equipped with a safety device actuated by the slackening or 1. Elevator counterweights shall be provided with safeties con-
breaking of the hoisting cables. forming to the requirements for car safeties.
43
7-3035 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

EXCEPTIONS: 1. Where otherwise specified in Section 7-3035, per minute. When overspeed occurs, with the hoisting ropes in-
counterweight safeties may differ from car safeties. tact, such safeties shall be actuated by the governor.
2. For rated speeds of not over 150 feet per minute, counterweight
safeties may be operated as a result of the breaking or slackening of the On the parting of the hoisting ropes (free fall), Type A governor-
hoisting ropes and may be of the inertia or other approved type without operated safeties shall apply without appreciable delay; and their
governors. application shall be independent of the speed action of the gover-
Every safety device applied as a result of the slackening or breaking nor and of the location of the break in the hoisting ropes (inertia
of the hoisting cables shall be drop tested when installed. This test shall application) and may be accomplished by the use of a governor
be witnessed by a representative of the Division of Industrial Safety, or and governor rigging having a sufficiently high value of inertia to
the Division may accept reports of witnesses recognized as competent apply the safety on free fall independently of the speed action of
by the Division. the governor.
3. Existing counterweights equipped with safety devices actuated
by the breaking or slackening of the counterweight ropes and which 2. Type C (Combination Instantaneous and Oil Buffer Safe-
have a rated speed of not more than 250 feet per minute. ty). Type C Safeties may be used subject to the following require-
4. Wedge clamp safeties shall not be used for counterweight safeties ments:
unless they are arranged to be reset from the pit or the machine room. A. The rated speed shall be not more than 500 feet per
(e) Identification and Classification of Types of Safeties. Car minute.
safety devices (safeties) are identified and classified on the basis
B. The oil buffer shall conform to all requirements speci-
of performance characteristics after the safety begins to apply
fied in Section 3031 for oil buffers, except that the stroke
pressure on the guide rails. On this basis, there are three types of
shall be based on governor tripping speed and on an av-
safeties.
erage retardation not exceeding 32.2 feet per second per
1. Type A Safeties. Safeties which develop a rapidly increasing second.
pressure on the guide rails during the stopping interval, the stop- C. After the buffer stroke has been completed, provision
ping distance being very short due to the inherent design of the shall be made for an additional travel of plunger or pis-
safety. The operating force is derived entirely from the mass and ton of not less than 10 percent of the buffer stroke to pre-
the motion of the car or the counterweight being stopped. These vent excessive impact on the buffer parts and the
safeties apply pressure on the guide rails through eccentrics, roll- auxiliary safety plank.
ers, or similar devices, without any flexible medium purposely
introduced to limit the retarding force and increase the stopping D. Where the distance between guide rails exceeds 8 feet,
distance. the safety shall be provided with two oil buffers of sub-
stantially identical calibration; and the buffers shall be
2. Type B Safeties. Safeties which apply limited pressure on the so located as to develop minimum stresses in the auxilia-
guide rails during the stopping interval, and which provide stop- ry safety plank during safety operation.
ping distances that are related to the mass being stopped and the Buffers shall be located in line with and symmetrical-
speed at which application of the safety is initiated. ly between the guide rails.
Retarding forces are reasonably uniform after the safety is fully E. The auxiliary safety plank shall be so designed that the
applied. Continuous tension in the governor rope may or may not maximum stresses in the plank shall not exceed those
be required to operate the safety during the entire stopping inter- specified for similar car frame members in Design Sec-
val. Minimum and maximum distances are specified on the basis tion 7-3101 (a) 4.
of governor tripping speed.
F. The rail-gripping device of the auxiliary safety plank
3. Type C Safeties (Type A with Oil Buffers). Safeties which shall be so arranged and connected as to prevent the
develop retarding forces during the compression stroke of one or plank from being out of level more than 1/2 inch in the
more oil buffers interposed between the lower members of the car length of the plank when the safety is operated to stop the
frame and a governor-operated Type A auxiliary safety plank ap- car.
plied on the guide rails. The stopping distance is equal to the effec-
tive stroke of the buffers. G. An electric switch shall be provided and so arranged and
connected that the elevator cannot be operated by means
(f) Safeties to Stop Ascending Cars or Counterweights Pro- of the normal operating device if any buffer is com-
hibited. Safeties shall not stop an ascending car or counter- pressed more than 10 percent of its stroke.
weight.
H. Means shall be provided to prevent operation of the ele-
(g) Governor Actuated Safeties and Car Safety Mechanism vator by means of the normal operating device if the oil
Switches Required. level in any buffer is below the minimum allowable
1. Car safeties and counterweight safeties, where provided, level.
shall be actuated by separate approved governors. 3. No car-holding safety device shall be used for a greater total
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Speed governors are not required for the opera- load or speed than that specified in the approval. The weight of the
tion of counterweight safeties of elevators having a rated speed of not independent car counterweights, where used, may be deducted
more than 150 feet per minute. from the total load of the car and capacity in determining the load
2. Existing elevators that comply with the exceptions to Section on the safety device.
7-3035 (a) 1. 4. Observation elevators shall have safeties of the type that do
2. Car safeties shall be provided with a switch, operated by the not require access to the car or hoistway for resetting. Safeties on
car safety mechanism when the safety is applied. elevators exposed to the weather shall have corrosion resistant
EXCEPTION: Existing elevators which comply with the excep- parts of all points where corrosion could prevent the device from
tions to Section 7-3036 (d) 2. functioning as intended.
(h) Limits of Use of Various Types of Safeties. (i) Application and Release of Safeties.
1. Type A (Instantaneous) Safeties. Type A safeties may be 1. Safeties shall be applied mechanically. Electric, hydraulic,
used on elevators having a rated speed of not more than 150 feet or pneumatic devices shall not be used to apply the safeties re-
44
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3036
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

quired by this section, nor to hold such safeties in the retracted 5. The date of the initial safety test required by Section 7-3035
position. (a) 4 witnessed by a representative of the division.
2. The application of the safety to stop the car, with its rated load (o) Governor Rope Releasing Carriers. The governor-rope
centered on each quarter of the platform symmetrically with rela- releasing carrier on the car (or on the counterweight) shall be set
tion to the center lines of the platform, shall not cause the platform to require a tension in the governor rope, to pull the rope from the
to be out of level more the 3/8 of an inch per foot in any direction. carrier, of not more than 60 percent of the pull-through tension de-
veloped by the governor; and the carrier shall be designed so that
EXCEPTION: Type C safeties.
the pull-out tension cannot be adjusted in a normal manner to ex-
3. When car safeties are applied, no decrease in tension in the ceed the amount specified. Tension in the governor rope required
governor rope nor motion of the car in the down direction shall to pull the rope from the carrier shall not exceed 300 pounds.
release the safeties; but such safeties may be released by the mo-
tion of the car in the up direction. (p) Rail Lubricants and Lubrication Plate. Rail lubricants or
coatings which will reduce the holding power of the safety or pre-
4. Safeties shall be so designed that on their application the vent its functioning as required in Section 7-3035 (c) shall not be
forces which provide the stopping action shall be compressive used.
forces on each side of the guide rail section.
Where lubricants are to be used, a metal plate shall be securely
(j) Minimum Permissible Clearance Between Rail Gripping attached to the car crosshead in an easily visible location, and shall
Faces of Safety Parts. In the normally retracted position of the carry the notation “CONSULT MANUFACTURER OF THE
safety, the distance between the rail-gripping faces of the safety SAFETY FOR THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RAIL LU-
parts shall be not less than the thickness of the guide rail plus 0.14 BRICANT TO BE USED.”
(9/64) inch; and the clearance on any side between the gripping If lubricants other than those recommended by the manufactur-
face and the guide rail shall be not less than 0.0625 (9/64) inch as er are used, a safety test shall be made to demonstrate that the safe-
measured on the side of the rail toward which the car frame is ty will function as required by Section 7-3035 (c).
pressed with sufficient force to take up all clearances in the guide
shoe assembly. Safety jaws, while in the retracted position, shall (q) Compensating Rope Tie Down. For rated speeds of 800
be so restrained as to prevent a reduction of this minimum clear- feet per minute or more, a device shall be provided to tie the car
ance. and counterweight together to limit the jump of the car or counter-
weight as a result of buffer engagement or application of car or
(k) Maximum Permissible Movement of Governor Rope to counterweight safety.
Operate the Safety Mechanism.
Governors.
1. For all drum-operated safeties, the movement of the governor
rope, relative to the car, required to operate the safety mechanism 7-3036.
from its fully retracted position to a position where the safety jaws (a) Governors Required and Location. Every elevator and
begin to exert pressure against the guide rails, shall not exceed the every counterweight equipped with an approved type, governor-
following values based on rated speed. actuated safety device shall be equipped with an approved gover-
nor. See Design Section 7-3105 for details of approval of
200 feet per minute or less . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 inches governors.
201 to 375 feet per minute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 inches
Over 375 feet per minute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 inches EXCEPTION: Counterweights excepted under Section 7-3035
(d).
2. Drum-operated car safeties, requiring continual unwinding 1. Every type of governor hereafter installed shall be field tested
of the safety drum rope to fully apply the safety, shall be so de- before a permit to operate is issued. This test shall be witnessed by
signed that not less than three turns of the safety rope will remain an authorized representative of the Division of Industrial Safety,
on the drum after the overspeed test of the safety has been made or the division may accept reports of witnesses recognized as com-
with rated load in the car. petent by the division.
(l) Minimum Factors of Safety and Stresses of Safety Parts A. Where the tripping speed of the governor is not deter-
and Rope Connections. See Design Section 7-3106 (d) for design mined on the running test on each installation, it shall be
factors of safety. separately determined by removing the governor rope
and driving the governor by hand or by a motor in such a
(m) Corrosion Resistant Bearings in Safeties and Safety Op-
manner as to accurately determine the tripping speed.
erating Mechanisms. Bearings in safeties and of the safety oper-
ating mechanism shall be of corrosion-resistant construction with 2. The governor shall be located where it cannot be struck by the
one or both members of a bearing made of, or electroplated with, a car or counterweight in case of overtravel, and where there is ade-
corrosion-resistant material. quate space for full movement of governor parts. The governor
shall be readily accessible with adequate work space for resetting
(n) Marking Plates for Safeties. A metal plate or plates shall be and maintenance. When the elevator driving machine is located
securely attached to each safety so as to be readily visible, and over the hoistway, the governor shall be located above the floor
shall be marked in a legible and permanent manner with letters and over the hoistway.
figures not less than 1/4 inch in height indicating the following:
(b) Tripping Speeds for Governors.
1. The type of safety.
1. Governors for car safeties shall be set to trip at overspeeds as
2. The maximum mapping speed in feet per minute for which follows:
the safety is designed to be used.
A. At not less than 115 percent of rated speed.
3. The maximum weight in pounds for which the safety is de-
B. At not more than the tripping speed listed opposite the
signed to be used with the car frame in which it is installed.
applicable rated speed in Table No. 7-3036 B. Maximum
4. The name of the manufacturer and the identifying number of tripping speeds for intermediate rated speeds shall be de-
the safety. termined from Design Section Figure 7-3105 A. For
45
7-3036 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

rated speeds exceeding 1500 feet per minute, the maxi- C. The governor overspeed switch, when set as specified in
mum tripping speeds shall not exceed 120 percent of the either Section 7-3036 (d) 4A or Section 7-3036 (d) 4B
rated speed. shall open in the up direction at not more than 100 per-
2. Governors, where provided, for counterweight safeties shall cent of the speed at which the governor is set to trip in the
be set to trip at an overspeed greater than, but not more than 10 per- down direction.
cent above, that at which the car governor is set to trip. 5. The governor switches and safety mechanism switches shall
conform to the following:
(c) Sealing and Painting of Governors. Governors shall have
their means of speed adjustment sealed alter test. If governors are A. Governor overspeed switches and speed-reducing
painted after sealing, all bearing and rubbing surfaces shall be switches required by Section 7-3036 (d) shall be posi-
kept free or freed of paint and a hand test made to determine that tively opened and shall remain in the open position until
all parts operate freely as intended. Seals shall be of a type which manually reset.
will prevent readjustment of the governor tripping speed without B. Safety switches operated by the car safety mechanism
breaking the seal. Whenever this seal is broken, the governor shall shall be positively opened and shall not reset unless the
be rechecked and set for the proper tripping speed. car safety mechanism has been returned to the running
(d) Governor Overspeed and Car Safety Mechanism position.
Switches. (e) Governor Ropes.
1. A switch shall be provided on the governor, and operated by 1. Governor ropes shall be of iron, steel, monel metal, phosphor
the overspeed action of the governor when used with Type B and C bronze, or stainless steel, of regular-lay construction, and shall be
car safeties of elevators having a rated speed exceeding 150 feet not less than 3/8 inch in diameter. Tiller-rope construction shall not
per minute and on all elevators with static controls. A switch shall be used, except to replace existing ropes of tiller-rope construc-
be provided on the governor when used with counterweight safe- tion.
ties at any car speed. When operated the switch shall cause power 2. Replacement of governor ropes shall be of the same size, ma-
to be removed from the hoist machine motor and brake. terial, and construction as the rope originally installed by the
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Existing elevators with traction type machines elevator manufacturer, except that a rope of the same size but of
installed before June 5, 1947, which are provided with a car-safety- either different material or construction may be employed, pro-
mechanism switch. vided a test is made of the car or counterweight safety and gover-
2. Elevators with drum-type machines installed before June 5, 1947. nor with the new rope to demonstrate that the safety will function
2. Every car safety shall be provided with a switch operated by as required by Section 7-3035 (c).
the car safety mechanism when the safety is applied. 3. Whenever a governor rope is renewed, a running test of the
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Existing elevators with drum-type machines. safety device, with or without load, shall be conducted at not less
2. Existing elevators with traction-type machines and sliding-type
than rated speed to demonstrate that the governor jaws or yoke
safety devices which are provided with a governor overspeed switch. properly grip the rope and that the safety device functions prop-
3. Counterweight safeties. erly.
3. The switches shall, when operated, remove power from the 4. Whenever wear, corrosion, broken wires, or other factors in-
driving-machine motor and brake before or at the time of applica- dicate that the governor rope has its breaking strength reduced
tion of the safety. materially below the manufacturers rating, the rope shall be re-
newed. Governor ropes shall not be lengthened or repaired by
4. The setting of the car governor overspeed switch when used splicing.
with static control shall be at no more than 90 percent of the trip-
ping speed of the governor and shall be activated in either direc- 5. A metal, fiber, or plastic tag or tags shall be securely attached
tion of travel. The setting of the car governor overspeed switch for to each governor rope. This data tag shall bear the following wire
elevators with other types of control shall conform to the follow- rope data:
ing: A. The diameter in inches.
A. For rated speeds more than 150 feet per minute, up to and B. The manufacturer’s rated breaking strength.
including 500 feet per minute, the car governor over- C. The grade of material used.
speed switch shall open in the down direction of the D. The month and year the ropes were installed and the
elevator at not more than 90 percent of the speed at safeties tested. (The safety test date may be indicated on
which the governor is set to trip in the down direction. a separate tag.)
B. For rated speeds more than 500 feet per minute, the car E. Whether nonpreformed or preformed.
governor overspeed switch shall open in the down direc-
F. Construction classification.
tion of the elevator at not more than 95 percent of the
speed at which the governor is set to trip in the down di- G. Name of the person or firm who installed the ropes.
rection. H. Name of the manufacturer of the rope.
EXCEPTIONS TO SECTIONS 7-3036 (d) 4A AND 7-3036 (d) 6. During normal operation of the elevator, the governor rope
4B: The governor overspeed switch may be set to open in the down di- shall run free and clear of the governor jaws, rope guards, or other
rection of the elevator at not more than 100 percent of the speed at stationary parts.
which the governor is set to trip in the down direction, subject to the
following requirements: 7. The governor rope shall be attached by an approved method
1. A speed-reducing switch is provided on the governor which will such as babbitted sockets or crosby clips. The attachment shall de-
reduce the speed of the elevator in case of overspeed, and which shall velop a factor of safety of not less than 5 based on governor rope
be set to open as specified in Section 7-3036 (d) 4A and Section 7-3036 pull-through tension.
(d) 4B.
(f) Design of Governor Rope-grip Jaws for Type B Safeties.
2. Subsequent to the first stop of the car following the opening of the
speed-reducing switch, the car shall remain inoperative until the switch 1. Type B car and counterweight safety shall be actuated by a
is manually reset. governor equipped with rope-grip jaws which will permit the gov-
46
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3037
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

ernor rope to pull through the jaws. The maximum tension in the 2. Passenger elevators shall conform to the requirements of
governor rope to cause it to slip through the governor jaws shall Design Section 7-3100 (b) in their design to handle overload.
not exceed 1/5 of the rated ultimate strength of the rope. 3. The number of passengers permitted on a passenger elevator
2. Governor jaws shall be of such shape and minimum length shall not exceed the rated load in pounds, divided by 150.
that no appreciable damage to or deformation of the rope shall re- 4. Where partitions are installed in the elevator cars for the pur-
sult from the stopping action of the jaws in operating the car or pose of restricting the platform net area for passenger use, they
counterweight safety. shall be permanently bolted, riveted, or welded in place. Gates,
3. Each governor shall be equipped with a rope gripping device doors, or handrails shall not be used for this purpose. Partitions
which does not depend solely on springs for the application of the shall be so installed as to provide for approximately symmetrical
jaws to the ropes. Springs may be used to provide the tension be- loading.
tween the governor rope and the jaws as required to set the safety. 5. When freight is to be carried on a passenger elevator, the fol-
(g) Design of Governor Sheaves and Traction Between Gov- lowing requirements shall be conformed to:
ernor Rope and Sheave. A. The minimum rated load shall conform to the require-
1. The arc of contact between the governor rope and the gover- ments of Sections 7-3037 (a) and 7-3037 (b), whichever
nor sheave shall be at least 180 degrees. Governor ropes shall be is greater.
provided with devices to maintain them in tension. B. The elevator shall be designed for applicable class of
2. Governor sheave grooves shall have machine-finished sur- freight elevator loading.
faces. Governor tension sheaves shall have machine-finished (b) Minimum Rated Load for Freight Elevators.
grooves for rated car speeds of more than 150 feet per minute. Ma-
chined governor sheave grooves shall have a groove diameter of 1. The minimum rated load for freight elevators in pounds shall
not more than 11/8 times the diameter of the governor rope. be based on the weight and class of the load to be handled, but shall
in no case be less than the following for each class of loading,
3. The pitch diameter of governor sheaves and governor tension based on the inside net platform area.
sheaves shall be not less than the product of the diameter of the
rope and the applicable multiplier listed below, based on the rated A. Class A—General Freight Loading. The rated load
speed and the number of strands in the rope. shall be based on not less than 50 pounds per square foot
of inside net platform area.
NUMBER OF B. Class B—Motor Vehicle Loading. The rated load shall
RATED SPEEDS STRANDS MULTIPLIER
be based on no less than 30 pounds per square foot of in-
Two hundred feet per minute or less 6 42 side net platform area.
Two hundred feet per minute or less 8 30 C. Class C. The rated load shall be based on not less than
Over 200 feet per minute 6 46 50 pounds per square foot of inside net platform area.
Over 200 feet per minute 8 32 2. See Design Section 7-3101 (f) 2 for the definitions of the vari-
ous classes of freight loading.
(h) Governor Marking Plate. A metal plate or plates shall be (c) Capacity and Data Plates.
securely attached to each governor and shall be marked in a legible
and permanent manner with letters and figures not less than 1. Every elevator shall be provided with a capacity plate and a
1/ inch in height, indicating the following: data plate.
4
EXCEPTION: Passenger elevators not designed for one-piece
1. The speed in feet per minute at which the governor is set and loads are not required to have a capacity plate.
sealed to trip.
Capacity plates shall be securely fastened in a conspicuous
2. The size, material, and construction of the governor rope on place inside the car. Data plates shall be securely attached to the
which the governor jaws were designed to operate. car crosshead.
3. The manufacturer and identifying number of the governor. EXCEPTIONS: 1. For underslung elevators having no crosshead,
the data plate shall be located inside the car.
4. Pull-through tension settings of the governor jaws on gover- 2. Data plates of elevators installed before June 5, 1947.
nors used with Type B safeties.
2. Capacity and data plates shall have the following informa-
Capacity and Loading. tion:
7-3037. A. Capacity plates shall indicate the rated load of the eleva-
(a) Minimum Rated Load for Passenger Elevators. tor in pounds and, in addition, this plate or a separate
plate shall indicate:
1. The rated load in pounds for passenger elevators shall be
based on the inside net platform areas, and shall be not less than (1) The one-piece load capacity where the elevator is
that determined by the formulas of Design Section 7-3100 (a). designed to lift such loads exceeding the rated load.
See Section 7-3037 (g).
EXCEPTION: The load rating, in pounds, of elevators installed be-
fore June 5, 1947, providing the existing load ratings is not higher than (2) For freight elevators designed for Class C2 loading,
that which can be lifted at rated speed and can be lowered within the the maximum load the elevator is designed to sup-
limits of Section 7-3040 (f) 5. port while being loaded or unloaded.
A. The inside net platform areas shall be determined as
shown in Figure 7-3037 A1. Table 7-3037 A1 and Figure B. Data plates shall indicate:
7-3037 A2 show the maximum inside net platform areas (1) The weight of the complete car including the car
for the various common rated loads and may be used for safety and all auxiliary equipment attached to the
reference purposes. car.
47
7-3038 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

(2) The rated load and speed. 5. A special capacity plate shall be provided inside the elevator
(3) The wire rope data required by Section 7-3042 (b). car, and located in a conspicuous place, which shall bear the words
“CAPACITY LIFTING ONE-PIECE LOADS,” in letters fol-
(4) The manufacturer’s name and date of installation. lowed by figures giving the special capacity in pounds for lifting
C. Data plates shall be of metal and capacity plates shall be one-piece loads for which the machine is designed.
of metal or of laminated plastic. Letters and figures shall 6. The car frame, car platform, sheaves, shafts, ropes, and lock-
be stamped or etched in or cast on the surface of the plate ing device shall be designed for the specified “Capacity Lifting
in such a manner as to be readily legible. The height of One-piece Loads,” provided that:
the letters and figures shall be not less than:
A. In the design of the car frame, platform, sheaves, shafts,
1. One-quarter inch for passenger elevator capacity and ropes, the allowable stresses may be 20 percent
plates where provided. higher than those permitted for normal loading.
2. One inch for freight elevator capacity plates. B. The factor of safety for the locking device shall be not
3. One-eighth inch for data plates. less than 5.
(d) Carrying of Passengers on Freight Elevators. Freight 7. The car safeties shall be designed to stop and hold the speci-
Elevators shall not be used for passenger service. fied “Capacity Lifting One-piece Loads” with the ropes intact.

(e) Signs Rquired in Freight Elevator Cars. 8. Where there is an occupied space, or an unoccupied space
not sealed against access under the hoistway, the following re-
1. The following signs shall be provided inside the car located in quirements shall be conformed to:
a conspicuous position:
A. The machine shall be designed to operate with the “Ca-
A. In every freight elevator a sign shall specify the type of pacity Lifting One-piece Loads” at slow speed.
loading for which the elevator is designed with one of
B. The car safety shall be designed to stop and hold the car
the following markings:
with this load independently of the hoisting ropes.
1. “THIS ELEVATOR DESIGNED FOR GENERAL C. The counterweight safety shall be designed to stop and
FREIGHT LOADING.” hold the entire weight of the counterweight indepen-
2. “THIS ELEVATOR DESIGNED FOR MOTOR- dently of the ropes.
VEHICLE LOADING.” 9. For traction machines, where necessary to secure adequate
3. “THIS ELEVATOR DESIGNED FOR LOADED traction, additional counterweight shall be added during the peri-
INDUSTRIAL TRUCK WEIGHING od of use with one-piece loads so that the total overbalance is at
LB. MAXIMUM.” least equal to 45 percent of the “Capacity Lifting One-piece
Loads.”
B. In freight elevators, a sign reading:
“THIS IS NOT A PASSENGER ELEVATOR. NO PER- 10. A special operating device of the car-switch or constant-
SONS OTHER THAN THE OPERATOR AND pressure type shall be provided in the machine room, located near
FREIGHT HANDLERS ARE PERMITTED TO RIDE the driving machine, to operate the elevator. When this device is
ON THIS ELEVATOR.” operative, all other operating devices shall be inoperative.
2. The material, marking and fastening of signs shall conform to 11. The “Capacity Lifting One-piece Loads” of any passenger
the requirements for capacity plates except that the letters need not traction elevator shall not exceed 11/3 times the rated load of the
be more than 1/2 inch high. elevator.
(f) Overloading of Freight Elevators. Freight elevators shall (h) Additional Requirements for Passenger Overload. See
not be loaded to exceed their rated load as specified on the capac- Design Section 7-3100 (b) for additional design requirements for
ity plate. passenger elevators.
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Static loads on elevators loaded and unloaded Driving Machines and Sheaves.
by industrial trucks as noted on car capacity or separate plate.
7-3038.
2. Elevators designed and installed to carry one-piece loads exceed-
ing their rated load. (a) Type of Driving Machine. All driving machines shall be of
(g) Carrying of One-piece Loads Exceeding the Rated Load. the traction type.
Passenger and freight elevators may be used, where necessary, to EXCEPTION: Winding drum machines may be used for freight
carry one-piece loads greater than their rated load provided they elevators subject to the following:
are designed, installed, and operated to conform to the following 1. They shall not be provided with counter-weights.
requirements: 2. The travel of the elevator car shall not exceed 40 feet.
3. The rated speed of the elevator shall not exceed 50 feet per minute.
1. A locking device shall be provided which will hold the car at
any landing independently of the hoisting ropes while the car is The installation of belt drive and chain drive machines is pro-
being loaded or unloaded. hibited.
2. The locking device shall be so designed that it cannot be un- (b) Material and Grooving for Sheaves and Drums. Sheaves
locked unless and until the entire weight of the car and load is sus- and drums used with suspension and compensating ropes shall:
pended on the ropes. 1. Be of metal finished grooves, provided the grooves of
3. A removable wrench or other device shall be provided to op- sheaves not used to transmit power may be lined with rubber or
erate the locking device. other sound isolating material.
4. The locking device shall be so designed that the locking bars 2. Have a pitch diameter not less than:
will be automatically withdrawn should they come in contact with A. 40 times the diameter of the rope, where used with sus-
the landing locks when the car is operated in the up direction. pension ropes.
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 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3039
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

EXCEPTION: Existing sheaves where 8 x 19 wire rope is used and 2. Winding-drum machines installed before June 5, 1947, having
which have a diameter less than 40 diameters of the rope, but not less this device located on the machine.
than 32 diameters, and are provided with permanent marking “Use A. Where the stopping switch in the hoistway is arranged to
8 ¢ 19 Cables Only”.
function only in case the automatic slowdown circuit
B. 32 times the diameter of the rope, where used for com- fails, an additional directional stopping switch comply-
pensating sheaves. ing with the requirements of Section 7-3039 (a) 2, shall
(c) Factor of Safety for Machines and Sheaves. See Design be mounted either in the machine room or in the hoist-
Section 7-3104. way.
(d) Bolts Transmitting Torque, and Set Screws. Bolts or other B. Where the automatic floor stop device complies with
means used to transmit torque between the driving sheave and the Section 7-3039 (a) 3, it may be used as the normal termi-
gearing, and their supports, shall be tightly fitted without play. nal stopping device.
4. On elevators arranged to automatically slow down at the ter-
Set screws or threaded portions of bolts or screws shall not be minal landings, the normal terminal stopping devices shall be ar-
used to transmit torque. ranged to stop the car within the limits of top and bottom runby in
(e) Shaft Fillets and Keys. A fillet shall be provided at any case the automatic slowdown fails to function.
point or change in the diameter of driving-machine shafts and 5. When the slowdown switches used with the normal terminal
sheave shafts to prevent excessive stress concentrations in the stopping device are located in the machine room, they shall con-
shafts. form to the following:
Shafts which support drums, sheaves, gears, couplings, and A. They shall be operated by a device mechanically con-
other members, and which transmit torque, shall be provided with nected to and driven by the car. Friction or traction
tight fitting keys. drives shall not be used.
(f) Cast Iron Worms and Worm Gears. Worms and gears B. Tapes, chains, ropes, or similar devices used as the me-
made of cast iron shall not be installed nor used as replacements in chanical connection to the car shall be provided with an
elevator driving machines. Worms and worm gears shall be so ar- electrical contact which will cause the electric power to
ranged that in the event of the worm shaft breaking the worm will be removed from the elevator motor and brake if the me-
still remain in mesh with the worm gear. chanical connection fails.
(g) Friction Gearing and Clutches. Friction gearing or a C. The slowdown switches used as part of the normal termi-
clutch mechanism shall not be used in elevator driving machines nal stopping device may function as the automatic slow-
for connecting the drums or sheaves to the source of power. down provided a stopping switch is mounted in the
hoistway that will fulfill the requirements of Section
(h) Driving Machine Brakes. 7-3039 (a) 4.
1. The elevator driving machine shall be equipped with a fric- 6. The winding machines of all power-driven, drum-type eleva-
tion brake applied by a spring or springs, or by gravity, and re- tors shall be equipped with an acceptable normal terminal stop-
leased electrically. ping device.
2. The brake shall be designed and maintained to have a capac- (b) Final Terminal Stopping Devices.
ity sufficient to hold the car at rest with its rated load. 1. Final terminal stopping devices shall be provided and ar-
3. Where gravity is used to apply the brake, the weights shall be ranged to cause the electric power to be removed automatically
guarded to prevent any obstruction being placed under the from the elevator driving-machine motor and brake after the car
weights. has passed a terminal landing. The device shall be set to function
as close to the terminal landing as practicable, but so that under
Terminal Stopping Devices. normal operating conditions it will not function when the car is
7-3039. stopped by the normal terminal stopping device.
(a) Normal Terminal Stopping Devices. 2. The operation of the final terminal stopping devices shall pre-
1. Normal terminal stopping device switches shall be directly vent movement of the car by the normal operating device in both
operated by the movement of the car. Normal terminal stopping directions of travel.
devices may use mechanically operated, magnetically operated, 3. Elevators having traction or winding-drum machines shall
optical, or static-type switches. have final terminal stopping devices located in the hoistway and
operated by metal cams attached to the car.
2. Upper and lower normal terminal stopping devices shall be
provided and arranged to slow down and stop the car automati- EXCEPTIONS: 1. Freight elevators installed before January 1,
1925.
cally, at or near the top and bottom terminal landings, with any
2. Passenger and freight elevators installed before April 17, 1970
load up to and including rated load in the car and from any speed that have final limit switches on the car operated by cams in the hoist-
attained in normal operation. Such devices shall function inde- way.
pendently of the operation of the final terminal stopping device. These devices shall be located as follows:
The device shall be so designed and installed that it will continue
to function until the final terminal stopping device operates. A. Where spring buffers or solid bumpers are provided, the
device shall function before the buffer or bumper is en-
3. Directional stopping switches for normal terminal stopping gaged.
devices shall be of the enclosed type located on the car or in the
hoistway, and shall be operated by the movement of the car using B. Where oil buffers are used, the device shall function be-
metal operating cams. fore the car buffer is compressed more than 2/3 of its
stroke, or before the counterweight buffer is compressed
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Elevators installed before June 5, 1947, that are more than 1/3 of its stroke.
equipped with an acceptable stopping device in the overhead or ma-
chine room positively driven from the car by a tape, rope, chain, or C. Operating cams shall be so located and of such length as
wire. to maintain the switches in the open position until the car
49
7-3040 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

is in contact with the overhead structure or on the fully per minute or that do not use the normal terminal stopping device
compressed bumpers or buffers. switches to limit generator shunt field current directly so the car
EXCEPTION: Traction elevators equipped with compensating speed is reduced as it approaches the terminal should the normal
ropes may have the cam so located that the final terminal stopping de- means fail to do so and shall conform to the following:
vice at the top of the hoistway is maintained in the open position until A. They shall operate at a predetermined distance from the
the counterweight is resting on its fully compressed buffer.
terminal landing if a car has not slowed to a predeter-
D. If the switch to limit the “up” travel is located so as to be mined speed when it reaches that predetermined dis-
opened when the car is more than 18 inches past the up- tance from the terminal landing. The device shall
per terminal landing, a car apron, conforming to Section automatically cause the power to be removed from the
7-3033 (i), shall be provided, and be the depth of this driving machine motor and brake independently of the
zone plus 3 inches. normal stopping device.
4. Final terminal stopping-device switches shall be of the en- B. They shall provide a retardation not in excess of 32.2
closed type, securely mounted and directly operated by the move- feet per second per second.
ment of the car. Arrangements which depend on a spring or
gravity, or both, to open the switch contacts shall not be used. The C. They shall not apply the car safety.
switch contacts shall be opened directly mechanically. D. They shall be so designed and installed that a single short
circuit caused by a combination of grounds or by other
5. The normal and final terminal stopping device shall not con-
conditions shall not prevent their functioning.
trol the same controller switches unless two or more separate and
independent switches are provided, two of which shall be closed to E. The car speed sensing devices shall be independent of
complete the driving-machine motor-and-brake circuit in either the normal speed control system.
direction of travel. Where a two phase or three phase alternating F. The associated car position switches shall be located in
current driving machine motor is used, these controller switches the hoistway.
shall be of the multipol type.
EXCEPTION: The associated car position switches may be lo-
A. The controller switches opened by the final terminal cated in the maching room provided the operating means conform to
stopping device shall not be of the manual reset type. the requirements of Sections 7-3039 (a) 5A and 7-3039 (a) 5B.

B. The control shall be so designed and installed that a Operating Devices and Control Equipment.
single ground or short circuit will not prevent both the 7-3040.
normal or final stopping device circuits from stopping (a) Operation and Operating Devices.
the car. 1. Operating devices shall be of the enclosed electric type. Rope
6. Elevators having winding drum machines shall also have fi- or rod operating devices actuated directly by hand, or rope-oper-
nal terminal stopping switches located on and operated by the ating devices actuated by wheels, levers, or cranks shall not be
driving machine, except drum machines installed before June 5, used.
1947. 2. Handles of car-switch operation elevators shall be so ar-
A. Final terminal stopping switches, located on and oper- ranged that they will return to the stop position and latch there au-
ated by the driving machine, shall not be driven by tomatically when the hand of the operator is removed.
chains, ropes or belts. EXCEPTION: Elevators installed before 1925 may omit the auto-
(c) Emergency Terminal Stopping Devices. Emergency ter- matic latch. All existing elevators having preregister signal or car-
switch automatic floor stop operation, and which are not equipped with
minal stopping devices installed in connection with reduced- a contacted car door or gate, shall have the operating device so ar-
stroke oil buffers shall conform to the following: ranged that the power will be cut off from the machine and the brake
1. They shall operate at a predetermined distance from the ter- applied when the hand of the operator is removed from the operating
device, except when the car is being operated by the leveling device in
minal landing if the car has not slowed down to a predetermined the leveling zone.
speed when it reaches that predetermined distance from the termi-
nal landing. The device shall automatically cause the power to be 3. For all types of elevators, the car operating device and the
removed from the driving machine motor and brake independent- machine controller shall be labeled so as to designate the up and
ly of the normal stopping device. down car movement.
EXCEPTION: The operating device for signal or automatic opera-
2. They shall provide a retardation not in excess of 32.2 feet per tion elevators.
second. Car-switch or hand-lever operating levers shall be so arranged
3. They shall not apply the car safety. that the movement of the lever toward the entrance door (which
the operator usually faces) will cause the car to descend, and the
4. They shall be so designed and installed that a single short cir-
movement of the lever away from the door will cause the car to
cuit caused by a combination of grounds or by other conditions
ascend.
shall not prevent their functioning.
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Starting levers for signal operation elevators.
5. The car speed sensing device shall be located on the governor 2. Existing hydraulic elevators.
and the emergency terminal stopping switch shall be located in the
hoistway. 4. Means shall be provided to operate the elevator from the top
of the car during adjustment, inspection, maintenance, or repair.
EXCEPTION: The emergency terminal stopping switch may be
located in the maching room provided the operating means conform to The operating means shall conform to the following:
the requirements of Sections 7-3039 (a) 5B. A. It shall be of the continuous-pressure type.
(d) Terminal Speed Limiting Devices for Static Control B. It shall operate the car at a speed not exceeding 150 feet
Elevators. per minute and shall be dependent on the normal termi-
1. Terminal speed limiting devices shall be provided when a nal stopping devices as the limits of travel in either direc-
static control is used on elevators with rated speeds over 500 feet tion.
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 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3040
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

C. It shall operate the car only when the car door or gate is in gates, the zone shall not extend more than 15 inches
the closed position and when all hoistway doors are in above and 15 inches below the landing level.
the closed portion and, where required by these regula- G. Manually operated leveling devices (inching) are limit-
tions, locked. ed to a zone of 12 inches above and 12 inches below the
D. It may be of the portable type, provided the extension landing level.
cord is permanently attached to a car top fixture so that H. The truck zone at any landing shall not extend more than
the device cannot be removed. 5 feet 6 inches above the landing.
E. It shall be so arranged and connected that, when opera- I. Where a truck or leveling zone for one hoistway en-
tive, the movement of the car shall be solely under the trance extends into the door interlocking zone for a sec-
control of this device, except as provided in Section ond entrance, the truck-zoning or leveling operation
7-3040 (a) 4G; and any power-door operating devices shall be inoperative unless the hoistway door at the sec-
shall be inoperative. The transfer switch or other means ond entrance is in the closed position.
for accomplishing this function shall be located between Where a truck or leveling zone for one hoistway en-
the car crosshead and that side of the car which is nearest trance extends into the leveling zone for a second en-
to the hoistway door used for access to the top of the car. trance, the leveling operation for the second entrance
F. The device shall be used only for the purpose of adjust- shall be inoperative while the hoistway door at the first
ment, inspection, maintenance, or repair of the elevator entrance is open.
or hoistway equipment. EXCEPTION: The car may be operated by a car-leveling device
at any landing having two hoistway entrances within 2 inches of the
G. Separate additional means, of the continuous-pressure same level with both car doors or gates and the corresponding hoistway
type, may also be provided to make power-door operat- doors open, provided landing-sill guards conforming to Section
ing devices and automatic car-leveling devices opera- 7-3020 (a) 3B are installed at both floors.
tive from the top of the car for testing purposes. J. A leveling or truck-zoning device shall move the car at a
H. The car top shall be kept free of grease or oil that would speed not more than 150 feet per minute.
present a slipping hazard at this operating station. 6. Automatic elevators shall conform to the following require-
I. All elevators with car tops shall be provided with a top- ments:
of-car stop switch conforming to Section 7-3040 (b) 5. A. If the car has started for a given landing in response to
an impulse from a car button, no impulse can be given
J. All elevators with car tops shall be provided with a top- from any landing to send the car in the reverse direction
of-car electric light with switch and convenience outlet until the car has reached the destination corresponding
connected to a power source not disconnected by any ac- to the first impulse or to cause the car to fail to stop at the
tion of the elevator control circuits. landing indicated by the first impulse.
EXCEPTION: Elevators installed before June 5, 1947. EXCEPTION: This is not intended to prevent the use of a key oper-
5. Operation of an elevator in a leveling or truck zone at any ated switch to gain control of an elevator for emergency operation.
landing by a car-leveling or truck-zoning device, when the landing B. The car cannot be started by an impulse from a hall land-
doors or the car doors or gates are not in the closed position, is per- ing after completing a stop at a floor in response to the
missible subject to the following: impulse from a car button until there has been a delay of
A. Operating devices of manually operated car-leveling not less than 5 seconds or the car door contact or the
devices or truck-zoning devices shall be of the continu- emergency stop switch has been operated.
ous-pressure type located in the car, and the device inop- 7. Constant pressure operation elevators shall be arranged so the
erative except in the zone specified. car cannot be started by an impulse from a hall landing after a stop
B. Car platform guards conforming to Section 7-3033 (i) made by releasing the car button until there has been a delay of not
shall be provided, and where a car-leveling device is less than 5 seconds or the car door contact or hoistway door lock-
used, landing sill guards conforming to Section 7-3020 ing device has been operated.
(a) 3B shall also be provided. 8. Existing elevators operated by a non-self-centering device,
shall be provided with a sequence device to prevent re-starting of
C. For elevators without static controls arranged to level
the car after any electrical protective device or main line switch
automatically, which can be started only from on the car,
has opened the circuit unless the operating device has first been
which are equipped with power-opened car doors, the
returned to the inoperative position.
zone shall not extend more than 3 feet above and 3 feet
below the landing level. (b) Electrical Protective Devices. Electrical protective de-
vices shall be provided in accordance with the following:
D. For elevators with static control arranged to level auto-
matically, the leveling zone shall not extend more than 1. Slack-rope Switch. Elevators having winding-drum ma-
12 inches above and below the landing level. chines shall be provided with a slack-rope device equipped with a
slack-rope switch of the enclosed manually reset type which shall
E. For elevators with static control, an inner leveling zone cause the electric power to be removed from the elevator driving-
extending not more than three (3) inches above and three machine motor and brake if the hoisting ropes become slack.
(3) inches below the landing shall be provided. A car
EXCEPTION: Elevators having a rise of not more than 15 feet,
shall not move if it stops outside of the inner leveling installed before June 5, 1947.
zone unless the doors are fully closed.
2. Motor Generator Running Switch. Where generator field
EXCEPTION: Elevators which comply with Section 7-3040 (f) 4. control is used, means shall be provided to prevent the application
F. For elevators without static controls arranged to level of power to the elevator driving machine motor and brake unless
automatically, which can be started from the landings the motor generator set connections are properly switched for the
and are equipped with manually-operated car doors or running condition of the elevator. It is not required that the electri-
51
7-3040 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

cal connections between the elevator driving machine motor and NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
the generator be opened in order to remove power from the eleva- Sections 142.3, Labor Code, and 18943 Health and Safety Code.
tor motor. 6. Broken-rope, Tape, or Chain Switches.
3. Compensating-rope-sheave Switch. Compensating-rope A. Broken-rope, tape, or chain switches shall be provided
sheave shall be provided with a compensating-rope-sheave switch when the slow-down switches of the normal terminal
or switches, mechanically opened by the compensating-rope stopping device are located in the machine room.
sheave before the sheave reaches its upper or lower limit of travel, 7. Stop Switch in Pit. A stop switch conforming to the require-
to cause the electric power to be removed from the elevator driv- ments of Section 7-3040 (b) 5 shall be provided in the pit of every
ing-machine motor and brake. electric or electrically controlled elevator. See Section 7-3016 (g)
4. Motor-field Excitation Switch. Where direct current is sup- for location.
plied to an elevator drive machine motor armature and shunt field, EXCEPTION: Elevators installed before June 5, 1947.
a motor field current sensing means shall be provided which shall 8. Stop Switch on Top of Car. A stop switch conforming to
cause the electric power to be removed from the motor armature Section 7-3040 (b) 5 shall be provided on top of every electric and
and brake unless the direct current flowing in the shunt field of the every electrically controlled elevator car. See Section 7-3040 (a)
motor is sufficient to prevent overspeeding of the motor. 4I.
EXCEPTION: Static control elevators provided with a device to 9. Car-safety Mechanism Switch. A switch conforming to the
detect an overspeed condition prior to and independent of the operation
of the governor overspeed switch. This device shall cause power to be
requirements of Sections 7-3035 (g) 2 and 7-3036 (d) shall be re-
removed from the elevator driving machine motor armature and ma- quired where a car safety is provided.
chine brake. 10. Governor Overspeed Switch. A governor overspeed
5. Emergency Stop Switch. An emergency stop switch shall be switch shall be provided when required by Section 7-3036 (d).
provided in the car, and located in or adjacent to the car operating 11. Final Terminal Stopping Devices. Final terminal stopping
panel. devices conforming to the requirements of Section 7-3039 (b)
EXCEPTION: Passenger elevator cars with an in-car stop switch shall be provided for every cabled electric elevator.
that comply with the requirement in Section 7-3040 (b) (5) (B) below.
12. Emergency Terminal Stopping Devices. Where reduced-
A. Emergency stop switches shall:
stroke oil buffers are provided, as permitted by Section 7-3031 (f),
(1) When opened, this switch causes the electric power emergency terminal stopping devices conforming to Section
to be removed from the elevator driving-machine 7-3039 (c) shall be provided.
motor and brake independently of the operation of 13. Buffer Switches for Oil Buffers Used with Type C Car
the operating device and the leveling device. Safeties. Oil-level and compression switches conforming to the
(2) Be of the manually opened and closed type. requirements of Section 7-3035 (h) (2) shall be provided for all oil
(3) Have red operating handles or buttons. buffers used with Type C safeties.
(4) Be conspicuously and permanently marked “STOP.” 14. Hoistway Door Interlocks or Hoistway Gate Contact
Locks. Hoistway door interlocks or hoistway gate interlocks or
(5) Be positively opened mechanically and their open- contact locks shall be provided for all electric or electrically con-
ing shall not be solely dependent on springs. trolled elevators in accordance with the requirements of Section
B. In-car stop switch. 7-3021.
(1) An in-car stop switch shall be permitted in passen- 15. Car Door or Gate Electric Contacts. Car door or gate
ger elevator cars with enclosures constructed of electric contacts shall be provided for all electric or electrically
solid material from the floor to the car top. controlled elevators having car doors or gates.
(2) The in-car stop switch shall be either key operated or 16. Normal Terminal Stopping Devices. Normal terminal
behind a locked panel. stopping devices shall be provided for every electric or electrical-
ly controlled elevator.
(3) The in-car stop switch shall be clearly marked
“STOP” and shall indicate the stop and run posi- 17. Car Side-emergency-exit Door Contact Switches. A car
tions. door electric contact shall be provided on each car side-emergen-
cy-exit door of an electric or electrically controlled elevator where
(4) The in-car stop switch shall comply with Sections such exit doors are provided.
3040(b)(5)(A)(1) and (b)(5)(A)(5).
18. Motor-generator Overspeed Protection. Means shall be
(5) The elevator controls shall be arranged so the car provided to cause the electric power to be removed automatically
will not move, level, or advance start, unless the from the elevator driving machine motor and brake should a motor
hoistway door interlocks and the car door contacts generator set, driven by a direct current motor, overspeed exces-
are in the closed position, except for the required sively.
releveling or anti-creep.
19. Electric Contacts for Hinged Car-Platform Sills. Hinged
(6) The car door contacts shall be adjusted so the closed car-platform sills, where provided, shall be equipped with electric
position is not more than 1 inch. contacts.
(7) The keys for the in-car stop switch shall be available 20. Oil Buffer Switches. Car and counterweight buffers of the
for use by maintenance and inspection personnel. spring return type shall be provided with a switch conforming to
(8) The Division shall be notified when an emergency the requirements of Section 7-3031 (j) 3.
stop switch in a passenger elevator is replaced with 21. Sheave Space Stop Switch. A stop switch conforming to
an in-car stop switch. The Division shall inspect the the requirements of Section 7-3040 (b) 5 shall be provided in all
in-car stop switch before the passenger elevator is sheave spaces, except secondary sheave spaces, where the space is
placed in service. provided with a floor.
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 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3041
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

(c) Requirements for Electrical Equipment and Wiring. 5. Where generator field control is used, means shall be pro-
vided to prevent the generator from building up and supplying suf-
1. All electrical equipment and wiring shall comply with the
ficient current to the elevator driving machine motor to move the
provisions of the California Electrical Code (CEC).
car when the elevator motor or generator field control switches are
2. Phase Reversal and Failure Protection. If polyphase alter- in the “off” position.
nating current power supply is used, a reverse phase protection The means used shall not interfere with maintenance of an ef-
shall be provided with means to prevent the starting of the elevator fective dynamic braking circuit during stopping and standing con-
if the phase rotation is in a wrong direction, or if there is a failure of ditions.
any phase. This protection shall be considered to be provided if a
reversal of phase of the incoming polyphase alternating current 6. The control circuits shall be so designed, installed, and
power will not cause the elevator driving machine motor to oper- maintained that the car speed in the down direction with rated load
ate in the wrong direction. in the car, under normal operating conditions with the power sup-
ply on or off, shall not exceed governor tripping speed or 125 per-
(d) Installation of Condensers or of Devices to Make Electri- cent of the rated speed, whichever is lesser.
cal Protective Devices Inoperative. The installation of condens-
ers, the operation or failure of which will cause an unsafe 7. Elevators with a static control shall comply with the follow-
operation of the elevator, is prohibited. ing:
A. An independent means shall be provided to limit the
No permanent device shall be installed, except as provided in speed of an elevator to not more than 150 f.p.m. during
these regulations, which will make any required electrical protec- leveling, access switch operation and inspection opera-
tive device inoperative. tion should the normal means to control this speed fail to
(e) Release and Application of Driving-machine Brakes. do so.
Driving-machine brakes shall not be electrically released until EXCEPTION: Elevators with an independent speed measuring de-
power has been applied to the driving-machine motor. vice arranged to remove power from the motor and brake independent
of the static control if the speed of the elevator exceeds 150 f.p.m. dur-
All power feed lines to the brake shall be opened by an electro- ing leveling access switch operation and inspection operation.
mechanical switch and the brake shall apply automatically when: 8. Where only one of the controller switches required by Sec-
1. The operating device of a car-switch or continuous-pressure tion 7-3039 (b) 5 is an electromechanical switch, the elevator con-
operation elevator is in the stop position. trol shall be arranged so the car shall not restart after the brake has
been set unless the electromechanical switch has been in the de-
2. A floor stop device functions. energized position during the time the brake was set.
3. Any of the electrical protective devices function, except car (g) Out-of-Service Requirements. When it is intended to dis-
door contacts or hoistway door locking devices, during leveling continue, for an extended period, the use of an elevator, the cables
operations. Under Sections 7-3040 (e) 1 and 7-3040 (e) 2, the ap- shall be disconnected, and the car and counterweights landed sat-
plication of the brake may occur at the time of or before the isfactorily and the power disconnected.
completion of the slow-down and leveling operations. The brake
shall not be permanently connected across the armature or field of (h) Load-Weighing Devices on Passenger Elevators. Load-
a direct current elevator driving-machine motor nor shall a single weighing devices which will prevent operation of the elevator
ground, short circuit or static control prevent the application of the may be installed provided they function to prevent such operation
brake in the intended manner. only when the load on the elevator platform is in excess of 125 per-
cent of minimum rated load.
(f) Control and Operating Circuit Requirements. In the de- (i) Floating (Movable) Platforms. Floating platforms which
sign and installation of the control and operating circuits, the fol- permit operation of the elevator when the car door or gate is not in
lowing requirements shall be met. the closed position are prohibited.
1. If springs are used to actuate switches, contactors, or relays Emergency and Signal Devices.
to break the circuit to stop an elevator at the terminal landings,
they shall be of the compression type. 7-3041.
(a) Emergency Devices for Summoning Assistance. (See La-
2. The completion or maintenance of an electric circuit shall bor Code Section 7320)
not be used to interrupt the power to the elevator driving-machine
motor or brake at the terminal landings, nor to stop the car when 1. Passenger elevators and automatic operation freight eleva-
the emergency stop switch is opened or any of the electrical pro- tors shall be provided with an emergency alarm system, operable
tective devices operate. from within the car, which will provide effective means for sum-
moning assistance at all hours in case of emergency.
EXCEPTION: Dynamic braking, and speed control switches.
2. New installations of passenger or freight elevators, which
3. The failure of any single magnetically operated switch, con- are operated at any time without a designated operator in the car,
tactor, or relay to release in the intended manner, or the occurrence shall be provided with one of the two following emergency alarm
of a single accidental ground, shall not permit the car to start or systems.
run if any hoistway door or gate interlock is unlocked or if any ho-
istway door or car door gate contact is not in the closed position. A. A telephone in each elevator car, connected to a central
telephone exchange providing 24 hour service.
4. The failure of any static control device, speed measuring cir-
cuit or speed pattern generating circuit to operate as intended or B. A system meeting the following requirements.
the occurrence of a single accidental ground or short circuit shall 1. An electric bell, operable from the car, not less than 6 inches
not permit the car to start or run if any hoistway door or gate inter- in diameter, located inside the building and audible inside and out-
lock is unlocked or if any hoistway door or car door or gate contact side the hoistway. One bell operable from all cars may be used for
is not in the made position. a group of elevators.
EXCEPTION: Elevators with the operation described in Section 2. Means for two-way conversation between each elevator and
7-3040 (a) 5E. a readily accessible point outside the hoistway.
53
7-3041 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

EXCEPTIONS: 1. Elevators in buildings having a height from the B. Elevators with traction machines with rated speeds of
lowest to the highest elevator landing of not more the 65 feet, providing not more than 150 feet per minute shall be provided with
the distance between any adjacent landing does not exceed 15 feet. a collision switch device.
2. When the means of communication with an approved emergency
service permits two-way conversation. See Section 7-3041 (a) 3B. EXCEPTIONS: 1. Elevators provided with either a seismic switch
device or a derailment switch device.
3. If the bell or the means of two-way conversation, or both, are nor-
2. Elevators with fraction machines with counterweights located or
mally connected to the building power supply, they shall automatically
restrained to prevent the car and counterweight colliding.
transfer to a source of emergency power within 10 seconds after the
normal supply fails. The power source shall be capable of providing for C. Elevators with traction machines arranged to operate
the operation of the bell for one hour and the means of two-way con- under emergency conditions after activation of either a
versation for 4 hours. seismic switch device or a derailment switch device
3. Where elevators, which are operated at any time without a shall be provided with a collision switch device.
designated operator in the car, are located in buildings, other than EXCEPTIONS: 1. Elevators with traction machines with counter-
apartments, hotels, or similar residential buildings, where atten- weights located or restrained to prevent the car and counterweight col-
dants, watchmen, or tenants are not continuously available to take liding.
action in case the emergency signal is operated, and are not pro- 2. Elevators equipped with a derailment switch that continuously
vided with a telephone in the elevator car connected to a central monitors the position of the counterweight and therefore acts as a colli-
exchange system, they shall be provided with one of the following sion switch.
additional emergency signal devices. 2. Passenger elevators with traction machines, counterweights,
and selective collective or group automatic operation shall, upon
A. An electrical alarm bell, not less than 6 inches in diame- activation of a seismic switch or derailment device, and if in mo-
ter operable from inside the car shall be mounted in a tion, either
weatherproof enclosure on the outside of the building
near the main entrance. A sign that can be read from the A. Slow to a speed not greater than 150 feet per minute and
adjacent sidewalk shall be mounted on or near the bell proceed to the next floor in the direction of the travel and
and shall be marked “ELEVATOR EMERGENCY, stop.
CALL POLICE” in letters not less than 2 inches high. EXCEPTION: Elevators operating in a hoistway with more than
Only one outside alarm bell is required, which shall be 36 feet between landings shall not proceed to the next floor in the direc-
operable from the cars of all elevators of the type speci- tion of travel if the car must pass the counterweight or
fied in the building. An emergency power source meet- B. Stop and then proceed to the next floor at a speed not
ing the requirements of Section 7-3041 (a) 2B3 shall be greater than 150 feet per minute in a direction away from
provided. the counterweight.
B. Means within the car for communicating with or signal- 3. Passenger elevators with traction machines having automat-
ing to an approved emergency service which operates ic operation other than selective collective or group automatic
24 hours each day. shall, if in motion, upon activation of an earthquake protective de-
vice, stop.
4. A sign, having lettering not less that 3/16 inch, shall be pro- EXCEPTION: Elevators with traction machines that comply with
vided in passenger elevators adjacent to the car emergency alarm 7-3041 (d) 1.
giving instructions as to the use of the device for summoning assis- 4. Passenger elevators with counterweights and drum ma-
tance. chines shall, if in motion, upon activation of an earthquake protec-
(b) Photoelectric Tube By-pass Switch. [See Title 24, Part 2, tion device stop.
Section 2-3003.8.] 5. Elevators required to comply with Section 7-3041 (d) 1 when
(c) Operation of Elevators Under Fire or Other Emergency on automatic operation shall conform to Sections 7-3041 (d) 2, 3,
Conditions. [See Title 24, Part 2, Section 2-3003.9.] and 4 when on attendant service.
(d) Earthquake Emergency Operation. 6. Cars stopped by an earthquake protection device shall be
operable at not more than 150 feet per minute from the car top op-
1. Passenger elevators with automatic operation and counter- erating station as described in Section 7-3040 (a) 4 if so equipped.
weights shall be provided with earthquake protective devices of
7. Activation of a seismic switch device or momentary activa-
the following types.
tion of a derailment switch device shall prevent operation of the
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Elevators whose car and counterweight guid- car by the emergency service key described in 7-3041 (c) or a hos-
ing system including rails, brackets and guiding shoes whose equip- pital emergency service key at a speed greater than 150 feet per
ment fastenings and attachments to the building structural members minute.
have been properly certified to the Division, by an engineer qualified
under the Civil and Professional Engineers Act, to be designed and 8. Activation of a collision switch device or continuous activa-
built to withstand the static and dynamic seismic forces for which the tion of a derailment switch device shall prevent operation of the
building was designed. car except from the car top operating station.
2. Elevators in structures such as rock quarries, mills, steel towers,
EXCEPTION: Cars stopped by activation of the collision switch
dams, storage bins, power plants and tanks where the elevators are used
or derailment switch may be operable from the emergency service
only by maintenance and operating personnel and in buildings such as
switch described in Section 7-3041 (c) in the direction away from the
jails and penal institutions, where stopping of an elevator would inter-
counterweight.
fere with the security of the institution.
3. A period of seven years from October 6, 1975, will be allowed for
9. A collision switch shall, upon activation, stop an elevator
elevators existing at the time of the adoption of Section 7-3041 (d) to traveling at a speed of 150 feet per minute before the car meets the
comply with the retroactive requirements of Section 7-3041 (d). counterweight.
A. Elevators with drum machines operating at any speed 10. Elevators not in operation shall remain at the landing. Ele-
and traction machines operating at rated speeds of more vators shall upon reaching a landing remain at the landing unless
than 150 f.p.m. shall be provided with either a seismic operated by the emergency service key described in Section
switch device or a derailment switch device. 7-3041 (c).
54
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3042
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

11. Cars with power operated doors shall upon reaching a E. Whether nonpreformed or preformed.
landing cause their doors to open and remain open unless oper- F. Construction classification.
ated by the emergency service key described in Section 7-3041 (c).
G. Name of the person or firm who installed the ropes.
12. An earthquake sensing device shall activate upon excita-
tion in a horizontal or vertical direction of not more than 0.15 g. H. Name of the manufacturer of the rope.
2. A new tag shall be installed at each renewal.
13. An identified momentary reset button or switch for each car
located in the control panel in the machine room shall be provided 3. The height of the letters shall be not less 1/16 inch.
for elevators equipped with a seismic switch or a derailment (d) Wire Rope Data on Reshackling Tag.
switch.
1. Whenever wire ropes are reshackled, a metal, fiber, or plastic
14. Cars stopped by an earthquake protection device shall re- tag shall be securely attached to one of the wire rope fastenings.
main stopped in the event of a power failure and subsequent resto- This tag is in addition to the tag required in Section 7-3042 (c). The
ration of power. The functions performed by the electrical reshackling tag shall bear the following data:
protective devices required by Section 7-3040 (b) shall not be can- A. The month and year the ropes were reshackled.
celled by the earthquake protection device.
B. The name of the person or firm who reshackled the
15. Earthquake protection devices with the exposed live parts ropes.
in the hoistway shall operate at not more than 24 volts Root Mean
Square A.C. or 24 volts D.C. above or below ground potential and (e) Factor of Safety.
shall not be capable of supplying more than 1/2 ampere when short 1. The factor of safety of the suspension wire ropes shall be not
circuited. less than that determined by the formula and graphs of Design
16. Earthquake protection devices shall be of a fall safe type or Section 7-3107 (a). Table 7-3042 E1 lists the minimum factors of
shall include a dual system arranged to prevent energizing the safety for various intermediate rope speeds.
sensing portion unless the complete system is intact. 2. The factor of safety of replacement ropes for existing eleva-
17. Earthquake protection devices shall be arranged to be tors shall be not less than the factor of safety of the original ropes
checked for satisfactory operation and shall be calibrated at in- based on their original breaking strength.
tervals recommended by the manufacturer. (f) Minimum Number and Diameter of Hoisting Ropes.
(e) Medical Emergency Elevators. Effective 1-25-88. (See 1. The minimum number of hoisting ropes used shall be three for
Title 24, Part 2, Section 5108.) traction elevators, and two from drum-type elevators.
EXCEPTION: Existing traction elevators with two hoisting ropes.
Hoisting Ropes and Their Connections.
2. Where a car counterweight or a drum counterweight is used,
7-3042. the number of counterweight ropes used shall be not less than two.
(a) Suspension Means. All cable-driven elevator cars and
counterweights shall be suspended by steel or iron wire ropes at- 3. The minimum diameter of hoisting and counterweight ropes
tached to the car frame or passing around sheaves attached to the shall be 3/8 -in. (9.5 mm). Outer wires of the ropes shall be not less
car frame. Ropes shall be without covering, except that marlin- than 0.024. (0.61 mm) in diameter.
covered rope may be used where liability to excessive corrosion or The term “diameter,” where used in this section, shall refer to
other hazard exists. the nominal diameter as given by the rope manufacturer.
1. Only wire rope having the commercial classification “Ele- (g) Suspension Rope Equalizers.
vator Wire Rope,” or wire rope constructed specifically for eleva- 1. Suspension rope equalizers, where provided, shall be of the
tor use, shall be used for the suspension of elevator cars and for the individual-compression spring type.
suspension of counterweights, including replacement of ropes on EXCEPTION: Equalizers of other types may be used with traction
existing elevators. elevators provided the equalizers and their fastenings are accepted by
(b) Wire Rope Data on Crosshead Data Plate. the division; and provided that equalizers of the single-bar type or
springs in tension shall not be used to attach suspension ropes to cars
1. The crosshead data plate required in Section 7-3037 (c) 2B or counterweights or to dead-end hitch-plates. See Design Section
shall bear the following wire rope data: 7-3107 (d).
A. The number of ropes. 2. Equalizers shall be used on the car and counterweight ends
of all ropes of overhead drum-type elevators where the ropes trav-
B. The diameter in inches. el in opposite directions on the drum face.
C. The material of the ropes and the manufacturer’s rated (h) Securing of Wire Suspension Ropes to Winding Drums.
breaking strength per rope in pounds.
1. Car and counterweight suspension ropes of winding drum
2. Whenever new ropes are installed that do not agree in size, machines shall have the drum ends of the ropes secured on the in-
number, or material with the existing data, the division shall be no- side of the drum by clamps or by tapered babbitted sockets.
tified in writing before such a change is made. 2. Wire suspension ropes of drum-type machines shall have not
(c) Wire Rope Data on Rope Data Tag. less than one turn of each rope on the drum when the car or coun-
1. A metal, fiber, or plastic tag shall be securely attached to one terweight is resting on the fully compressed buffers.
of the wire rob fastenings. This data tag shall bear the following (i) Replacement and Reshackling of Suspension and Com-
wire rope data: pensating Ropes.
A. The diameter in inches. 1. When wear, corrosion, broken wires, or other factors indicate
that ropes or cables have their breaking strength materially re-
B. The manufacturer’s rated breaking strength.
duced below the manufacturer’s rating, they shall be renewed.
C. The grade of material used. 2. When hoisting or counterweight ropes are renewed, the entire
D. The month and year the ropes were installed. set shall be renewed. A set of ropes in this case shall mean all of the
55
7-3042 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

hoisting ropes, or all of the car counterweight ropes, or all of the C. Where the shackle rod and the rope socket are not in one
drum counterweight ropes. piece, the shackle rod shall be of forged or rolled steel.
3. Suspension wire ropes or compensating ropes shall not be D. Where the shackle rod is separate from the rope socket,
lengthened or repaired by splicing. the fastening between the two parts shall be positive and
such as to prevent their separation under all conditions
4. When suspension ropes are renewed, the method of babbit- of operation of the elevator. Where the connection of the
ting shall conform to the requirements of Sections 7-3042 (j) 5, two parts is threaded, the length of the thread engage-
7-3042 (j) 6, and 7-3042 (j) 7. ment of the rod in the socket shall be not less than 11/2
5. The hoisting ropes of power elevators having drum-type driv- times the root diameter of the thread on the rod, and a
ing machines with one-to-one (1:1) roping shall be reshackled at cotter pin or equivalent means shall, in addition, be pro-
the car ends when an inspection shows any evidence of fatigue or vided to restrict the turning of the rod in the socket and
abrasion, and in no case at intervals longer than indicated in the prevent unscrewing of the connection in normal opera-
following schedule. tion.
E. Rope fastenings incorporating antifriction devices
FREQUENCY which will permit free spinning of the rope shall not be
RESHACKLING OF DRUM ELEVATORS IN YEARS
used.
O.H. Drum, Heavy Duty (Over 50 trips per day) 1
F. Where hoisting or car counterweight ropes pass through
O.H. Drum, Medium Duty (25-50 trips per day) 2
plates at the hitchblock or car crosshead, said plates
O.H. Drum, Light Duty (Less than 25 trips per day) 4 shall be chamfered, and free from sharp projections.
Basement Drum, Heavy Duty (Over 50 trips per day) 2 4. Tapered babbitted-type rope sockets shall be of design as
Basement Drum, Medium Duty (25-50 trips per day) 4 shown in Figure 3107 and shall conform to the requirements of
Basement Drum, Light Duty (Less than 25 trips per day) 6 Design Section 7-3107 (b).
5. Only babbitt metal shall be used to secure ropes in tapered
EXCEPTION: In lieu of reshackling, the division will accept an babbitted sockets. Babbitt metal shall contain at least 9 percent of
auxiliary rope-fastening device which meets the requirements of Sec- antimony and shall be clean and free from dross.
tion 7-3042 (k).
6. Where the tapered babbitted type of socket is used, the meth-
A. At the time of this reshackling, a careful inspection shall od and procedure to be followed in making up the fastening shall
be made of other shackles, particularly at the drum conform to that outlined in Design Section 7-3107 (c).
counterweight ends with the weights landed and the rope
slack. These ends shall be reshackled if they show any 7. When the babbitt has cooled and the tape at the small end re-
evidence of fatigue or abrasion. moved, a visual inspection shall be made which shall show that:
B. See Section 7-3042 (d) for the data required on the re- A. The babbitt is visible at the small end of the socket.
shackling tag. B. The tops of the looped strands of the rope are just visible
above the surface of the babbitt. Where rope with steel
(j) Hoisting Rope Fastenings.
core is used, the steel core shall also be visible above the
1. The car and counterweight ends of car and counterweight surface of the babbitt.
wire ropes, or the stationary hitch-ends where multiple roping is C. No loss of rope lay has occurred where the wire rope en-
used, shall be fastened in such a manner that all portions of the ters the basket. Babbitted sockets which do not conform
rope, except the portion inside the rope sockets, shall be readily to the above requirement shall be rejected and the rope
visible. resocketed.
Fastening shall be: (k) Auxiliary Rope Fastening Device. Auxiliary rope-fasten-
A. By individual tapered babbitted rope sockets. See De- ing devices, designed to support elevator cars or counterweights if
sign Section 7-3107 (b) (1). any regular rope fastening fails, may be provided subject to the
following requirements:
B. By other types of rope fastenings accepted by the divi-
sion provided that U-bolt-type rope clips (clamps) shall 1. They shall be accepted by the division on the basis of
not be used for such fastenings. See Design Section adequate tensile and fatigue test made by an approved testing lab-
7-3107 (b) 2. oratory.
2. The car ends, or the car or counterweight dead ends where 2. The device and its fastenings, in its several parts and assem-
multiple roping is used, of all suspension wire ropes of traction- bly, shall have a strength at least equal to that of the manufactur-
type elevators shall be provided with shackle rods of a design er’s breaking strength of the rope to which it is to be attached.
which will permit individual adjustment of the rope lengths. Simi- 3. The device shall be so designed and installed that:
lar shackle rods shall be provided on the car or counterweight ends A. It will not become operative unless there is a failure of
of compensating ropes. normal rope fastening.
3. Hoisting rope fastenings shall conform to the following: B. It will function in a rope movement of not over 11/2 inch-
A. The portion of the rope fastening which holds the wire es.
rope (rope socket) and the shackle rod may be in one C. It will not interfere with the vertical or rotational move-
piece (unit construction) or they may be separate. ments of the rope during normal service.
B. The rope socket shall be either cast or forged steel pro- 4. Means shall be provided to cause the electric power to be re-
vided that where the rope socket and the shackle rod are moved from the hoisting machine motor and brake when any aux-
in one piece (unit construction), the entire fastening iliary fastening device operates. Such means shall be of the
shall be of forged steel. See Design Section 7-3107 (b). manually reset type.
56
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE TABLE 7-3030 E1
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

5. The method used to attach the device to the rope shall be 7. Each device shall be permanently marked with the name of
such as to prevent injury to or appreciable deformation of the rope. the manufacturer and with the size of the wire rope for which they
6. The installation of the device shall not reduce the required are designed to be used.
overhead clearances.

TABLE 7-3030 E1—STEEL GUIDE RAILS

NOMINAL DIMENSION IN INCHES

NOMINAL WT. PER FOOT IN LBS. A B C D E

8 27/16 3 1/ 2 5/
8 11/4 5/
16
11 31/2 4 1/ 2 5/
8 11/2 5/
16
12 31/2 5 5/
8 1 3/ 4 5/
16
15 31/2 5 5/
8 131/32 1/
2
181/2 41/4 5 1/ 2 3/
4 131/32 1/
2
221/ 2 4 3/ 64 5 1/ 2 11/8 2 9/
16
30 5 5 1/ 2 11/4 2 1/ 4 11/
16

TABLE 7-3030 E2—WOOD GUIDE RAILS

MAXIMUM TOTAL WEIGHT PER PAIR OF GUIDE RAILS CROSS SECTION OF EACH GUIDE RAIL IN INCHES

3,000 11/2 × 13/4

5,000 17/8 × 21/4
8,000 21/4 × 21/4
10,000 25/8 × 23/4
14,000 4 × 5 1/ 4
16,000 5×7

TABLE 7-3030 F2—LOAD MULTIPLYING FACTOR

FOR DUPLEX SAFETIES
VERTICAL DISTANCE BETWEEN SAFETIES IN FEET MULTIPLE LOAD IN FIGURE 3030 F1

18 or more 2.0
15 1.83
12 1.67
9 1.50

TABLE 7-3030 I2—MINIMUM THICKNESS OF FISHPLATES AND MINIMUM

DIAMETER OF FASTENING BOLTS
NOMINAL WEIGHT OF GUIDE RAIL IN MINIMUM THICKNESS OF FISHPLATES MINIMUM DIAMETER OF BOLTS
POUNDS PER FOOT IN INCHES IN INCHES
8 9/ 1/
16 2
11 11/ 5/
16 8
12 11/ 5/
16 8
15 11/ 5/
16 8
181/2 13/
16
3/
4
221/2 13/
16
3/
4
30 15/ 3/
16 4

TABLE 7-3030 L2—MINIMUM SIZE OF RAIL FASTENING BOLTS

NOMINAL WEIGHT OF GUIDE RAIL
IN POUNDS PER FOOT MINIMUM DIAMETER OF BOLTS IN INCHES

8 1/
2
11 5/
8
12 5/
8
15 5/
8
181/2 5/
8
221/2 3/
4
30 3/
4

57
TABLE 7-3031 F 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

TABLE 7-3031 F—MINIMUM BUFFER STROKES

115% OF RATED SPEED IN MINIMUM STROKES OF OIL BUFFERS
RATED SPEED IN FEET PER MINUTE FEET PER MINUTE IN INCHES
200 230 2 3/ 4
225 259 3 1/ 2
250 288 4 1/ 4
300 345 6 1/ 4
350 402 81/4.
400 460 11
450 517 133/4
500 575 17
600 690 243/4
700 805 331/4
800 920 433/4
900 1035 551/2
1000 1150 681/2
1100 1265 83
1200 1380 981/2
1300 1495 1151/2
1400 1610 1341/2
1500 1725 154
1600 1840 1751/4
1700 1955 1973/4
1600 2070 2213/4
1900 2105 247
2000 2300 2733/4
NOTE 1: Where buffers of the stroke specified are not provided, the requirements of Section 7-3031 (f) exceptions apply.
NOTE 2: 1 fpm = 5.08 E = 03 m/s
1 in. = 25.4 mm

TABLE 7-3035 C—MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM STOPPING DISTANCES TYPE B CAR SAFETIES
WITH RATED LOAD, AND OF TYPE B COUNTERWEIGHT SAFETIES
STOPPING DISTANCES IN FEET-INCHES
RATED SPEED IN FEET MAXIMUM GOVERNOR TRIP SPEED
PER MINUTE IN FEET PER MINUTE Minimum Maximum

0 to 125 175 0-1 1-3

150 210 0-2 1-4
175 250 0-3 1-7
200 280 0-4 1-10
225 308 0-5 2-0
250 337 0-6 2-3
300 395 0-8 2-9
350 452 0-10 3-4
400 510 1-1 4-0
450 568 1-5 4-10
500 625 1-8 5-8
600 740 2-4 7-7
700 855 3-2 9-10
800 970 4-1 12-6
900 1085 5-1 15-3
1000 1200 6-3 18-6
1100 1320 7-6 22-4
1200 1440 8-11 26-4
1300 1560 10-6 30-11
1400 1680 12-2 35-7
1500 1800 14-0 40-10

58
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE TABLE 7-3036 B
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

TABLE 7-3036 B—MAXIMUM SPEEDS IN FEET-PER-MINUTE

AT WHICH GOVERNOR OVERSPEED SWITCH OPERATES
MAX SPEED AT WHICH GOVERNOR OVERSPEED
RATED SPEED MAX GOVERNOR TRIP SPEED SWITCH OPERATES, DOWN
0-125 175 176*
150 210 210*
175 250 225
200 280 252
225 308 277
250 37 303
300 395 355
350 452 407
400 510 459
450 568 512
500 625 563
600 740 703
700 855 812
800 970 921
900 1085 1031
1000 1200 1140
1100 1320 1254
1200 1440 1368
1300 1560 1482
1400 1680 1596
1500 1800 1710
*Governor overspeed switch not required on car governors.

TABLE 7-3037 A1—MAXIMUM INSIDE NET PLATFORM AREAS FOR THE VARIOUS RATED LOADS
RATED LOAD LB. INSIDE NET PLATFORM AREA SQ. FT.

500 7.0
600 8.3
700 9.6
1,000 13.25
1,200 15.6
1,500 18.9
1,800 22.1
2,000 24.2
2,500 29.1
3,000 33.7
3,500 38.0
4,000 42.2
4,500 46.2
5,000 50.0
6,000 57.7
7,000 65.3
8,000 72.9
9,000 80.5
10,000 88.0
12,000 103.0
15,000 125.1
18,000 146.9
20,000 161.2
25,000 196.5
30,000 231.0

59
TABLE 7-3042 E1 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

TABLE 7-3042 E1—MINIMUM FACTORS OF SAFETY FOR SUSPENSION WIRE ROPES

MINIMUM FACTOR OF SAFETY
ROPE SPEED IN FEET PER MINUTE Passenger Freight

50 7.60 6.65
75 7.75 6.85
100 7.95 7.00
125 8.10 7.15
150 8.25 7.30
175 8.40 7.45
200 8.60 7.65
225 8.75 7.75
250 8.90 7.90
300 9.20 8.20
350 9.50 8.45
400 9.75 8.70
450 10.00 8.90
500 10.25 9.15
550 10.45 9.30
600 10.70 9.50
650 10.85 9.65
700 11.00 9.80
750 11.15 9.90
800 11.25 10.00
850 11.35 10.10
900 11.45 10.15
950 11.50 10.20
1000 11.55 10.30
1050 11.65 10.35
1100 11.70 10.40
1150 11.75 10.45
1200 11.80 10.50
1250 11.80 10.55
1300 11.85 10.55
1350 11.85 10.55
1400 11.90 10.55
1450 11.90 10.55
1500 11.90 10.55

60
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE FIGURE 7-3030 E1
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

T-Section Rail

FIGURE 7-3030 E1

ELEVATOR GUIDE RAILS

52,000 50,000

48,000

44,000

40,000
TOTAL WEIGHT PER PAIR OF RAILS IN LB.

36,000

32,000 30,000 32,000

28,000

24,000
21,000 18.5# RAIL 22,000
20,000

18,000
16,000 15,000 15# RAIL

12,000 11,000 12# RAIL

10,000 11# RAIL 12,000

8,000
8,000
5,500 8# RAIL
4,000
4,000
2,300
0
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
BRACKET SPACING IN FEET
FIGURE 7-3030 F1

MAXIMUM WEIGHT OF CAR WITH RATED LOAD OR OF COUNTERWEIGHT WITH SAFETY

FOR A PAIR OF GUIDE RAILS AS SPECIFIED IN SECTION 7-3030 (f) 1

61
FIGURE 7-3030 F3A 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

10,000

8 POUND RAIL OR EQUIVALENT

9,000

8,000
WITH TWO INTERMEDIATE SPREADER BRACKETS
COUNTERWEIGHT WEIGHT

7,000

WITH ONE INTERMEDIATE

SPREADER BRACKET
6,000

5,000 WITH NO
INTERMEDIATE
SPREADER
BRACKET

4,000
7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
BRACKET SPACING IN FEET

FIGURE 7-3030 F3A

MAXIMUM WEIGHT OF COUNTERWEIGHTS AND BRACKET SPACING

SPECIFIED IN SECTION 7-3030 (f) 3

62
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE FIGURE 7-3030 F3B
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

20,000

19,000 11, 12, OR 15 POUND RAIL OR EQUIVALENT

18,000

17,000

16,000
WITH TWO INTERMEDIATE SPREADER BRACKETS
COUNTERWEIGHT WEIGHT

15,000

14,000

13,000
WITH ONE INTERMEDIATE
SPREADER BRACKET

12,000

11,000

10,000 WITH NO
INTERMEDIATE
SPREADER
9,000 BRACKET

8,000
7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

BRACKET SPACING IN FEET

FIGURE 7-3030 F3B

MAXIMUM WEIGHT OF COUNTERWEIGHTS AND BRACKET SPACING

SPECIFIED IN SECTION 7-3030 (f) 3

63
FIGURE 7-3030 F3C 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

38,000

36,000 10.5 POUND RAIL OR EQUIVALENT

34,000

32,000

30,000
WITH TWO INTERMEDIATE SPREADER BRACKETS
COUNTERWEIGHT WEIGHT

28,000

26,000

24,000
WITH ONE INTERMEDIATE
SPREADER BRACKET
22,000

20,000

18,000 WITH NO
INTERMEDIATE
SPREADER
16,000 BRACKET

14,000
7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
BRACKET SPACING IN FEET

FIGURE 7-3030 F3C

MAXIMUM WEIGHT OF COUNTERWEIGHTS AND BRACKET SPACING

SPECIFIED IN SECTION 7-3030 (f) 3

64
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE FIGURE 7-3030 F4
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

17,000

16,000 W = 63360 x SECTION MODULUS

BRACKET HEIGHT
15,000 (A36 steel)

14,000

13,000

12,000
COUNTERWEIGHT WEIGHT

11,000

MODULUS
10,000

SECTION
9,000

8,000

7,000
1.2

6,000
0.98
5,000
0.83
4,000
0.58
3,000
0.44
0.39
2,000 0.30
1,000
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
COUNTERWEIGHT BRACKET HEIGHT IN INCHES

FIGURE 7-3030 F4

MAXIMUM COUNTERWEIGHT WEIGHT AND BRACKET HEIGHT

SPECIFIED IN SECTION 7-3030 (f) 4

65
FIGURE 7-3037 A1 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

INSIDE NET
CAR AREA = A X B

INSIDE NET
CAR AREA = A X B

FIGURE 7-3037 A1

INSIDE NET CAR AREA

66
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE FIGURE 7-3037 A2
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

2 2

4
2
300

400
6
3 3
500

8
600 4

700
10

2
W = 2A + .200A
800
4 3 12 6 4
900
1000
14 1100
1200 8
PLATFORM WIDTH (LENGTH) IN FEET & INCHES

PLATFORM LENGTH (WIDTH) IN FEET & INCHES

16 1300
1400
5 18
1500 10 5

W=REQUIRED CAPACITY IN POUNDS

20 1600
1700
A=AREA IN SQUARE FEET

22 1800 12
1900
24

PERSONS
2000
14
26 2200
6 6
28 2400 16
30 2600
2800 18
35 3000
7 3200
3400 20 7
40 3600
3800
4000 25
45
8 8
50 30
5000
55
6000 40
9 2
W = 7A + 126A − 1367 60 9
190 65 7000 50
70
10 10
75 8000 60
80 9000
85 70
11 10 000 11
90
11 000
100 80
12 12 000 12
110 13 000
14 000 100
13 120
15 000 13
130
16 000 120
140 17 000
14 14
150 18 000
19 000 140
15 160 15
170 20 000
180 160
22 000
16 190 24 000 16
200 26 000 180
17 28 000 17
220
30 000 200
18 240 18
32 000
19 260 34 000 19
36 000
280 38 000
20 20
300 40 000

EXAMPLE: PLATFORM 4 FT. -- 4 IN. X 8 FT. -- 0 IN.

AREA = 26 SQ. FT.
REQUIRED CAPACITY = 2184 LBS.
PERSONS PERMITTED = 14

FIGURE 7-3037 A2

REQUIRED CAPACITY OF PASSENGER ELEVATORS

67
7-3050 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-9. Hydraulic Elevators

Hoistways, Hoistway Enclosures and Machine Rooms. 2. The guarding of exposed equipment in the machine room and
7-3050. in the hoistway shall conform to the applicable requirements of
Section 7-3014 and the following:
(a) Construction of Hoistways and Hoistway Enclosures.
The construction of hoistways and hoistway enclosures shall con- A. Pump drive belts and pulleys shall be guarded to protect
form to Section 7-3010. against accidental contact when adjustments are made to
adjacent valves or control components.
(b) Machine Rooms and Machinery Spaces.
Machine and Sheave Beams, Supports, and Foundations
1. Hydraulic elevator machines and control equipment shall be and Pits.
installed in a separate room or enclosure conforming to the re- 7-3053.
quirements of Section 7-3011 (a). (a) Machine and Sheave Beams, Supports, and Founda-
EXCEPTION: Existing installations of cabinet-type machines.
tions. Overhead sheave beams and their supports for counter-
weights, where provided, shall conform to Section 7-3015.
2. The enclosure for the elevator equipment shall be arranged so
that passage through the machine room or enclosure is not (b) Pits. Elevator pits shall conform to Section 7-3016, except
necessary to gain access to other equipment or other parts of the the bottom clearance and runby shall be determined by Section
building. 7-3054.
(c) The pump unit and tank shall be supported and maintained
3. Elevator machine rooms or enclosed areas shall be kept free in place to conform to Section 7-3111 (c) 3.
of all materials except those used for repair or maintenance of the
elevator. (d) Structural members for offset car frame elevators. Struc-
tural members used to attach guide rails, plungers and cylinders to
EXCEPTION: Existing installations of cabinet-type machines. the building shall be designed to withstand four times the static
4. Safe access to machine rooms and machinery spaces shall be loads imposed by the class of loading used.
provided to conform to the regulations of Sections 7-3011 (c) and Bottom and Top Clearances and Runby for Cars and
7-3011 (d). Counterweights.
5. The ceiling height in elevator machine rooms or enclosures 7-3054.
shall be not less than 7 feet and the clear headroom not less than (a) For Direct-plunger Elevators. The bottom and top clear-
6 feet 6 inches below obstructions, such as; pipes, ducts, or wiring ances and runby for cars, and for counterweights where provided,
used in connection with the elevator. shall conform to the following:
6. Permanent lighting and convenience outlets shall be pro- 1. The bottom car clearance shall conform to Section 7-3017 (a)
vided and installed to comply with the requirements of the State provided that, in the determination of the clearance required by
Electrical Code. See Article 620. Section 7-3017 (a) 1, any under-car bracing which is located with-
in 6 inches horizontally from the edge of the car platform or 3 inch-
7. Clear work space shall be provided within the machine room es horizontally from the centerline of the guide rails shall not be
or enclosure to comply with the requirements of Section 7-3011 considered.
(g) except that where the controller is not mounted on the pumping 2. The bottom runby of the car shall be not less than 3 inches.
unit, or where the design of the machine housing is such that three
(3) sides are permanently enclosed, and that oil may be added to 3. The top runby of the car shall be not less than 6 inches.
the reservoir safely and without spills getting into the controls, a 4. Neither the top nor the bottom runby of the car shall be more
third side of the machine may be partially or totally blocked pro- than 24 inches. The top runby of the hydraulic elevator car is the
vided all other requirements for access to machine parts are com- distance the car platform travels above the top terminal landing
plied with. when the plunger reaches its extreme limit of travel.
8. Where the machinery for more than one elevator is installed 5. Any fixed structure above the car or crosshead when the
in the same machine room, a separate number shall be assigned to plunger is at its extreme limit of travel shall conform to the
each elevator and the major components within the machine room following:
identified with the number assigned. A. The distance above a horizontal plane even with the top
of the car crosshead and extending 2 feet each side of the
Electric Wiring, Pipes, and Ducts in Elevator Hoistways, crosshead shall be not less than 2 feet.
Machine Rooms or Machinery Spaces. EXCEPTION: Offset car frames outside the area of the car top that
7-3051. have not less than 12 inches between a horizontal plane even with the
top of the crosshead members and any object above.
Electric wiring, pipes, and ducts in hoistways, machine rooms, B. The distance above any part of the car top shall be not
or machinery spaces shall conform to Section 7-3012, except that less than 2 feet 6 inches.
the clear headroom under ducts may be reduced to 6 feet 6 inches.
C. The distance above any fixed equipment mounted above
Location and Guarding of Counterweights, and Guarding the car top shall be not less than 6 inches.
of Exposed Equipment. D. The clearance from the raised guardrails required by
7-3052. Section 7-3034 (a) 9 to the overhead structure shall be
not less than 18 inches when the plunger is at its extreme
(a) Where Required: limit of travel in the “up” direction.
1. The location and the guarding of counterweights, where pro- 6. Where a counterweight is provided, the top clearance and the
vided, shall conform to Section 7-3013. bottom runby of the counterweight shall conform to the following:
68
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3055
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

A. Top Clearance. The top clearance of the counterweight Power Operation of Doors and Gates
shall be not less than the sum of the following three 7-3059.
items: Power operation, power opening, and power closing of hoist-
(1) The bottom car runby. way doors or gates and car doors or gates shall conform to the re-
quirements of Section 7-3022.
(2) The stroke of the car buffers used.
Car and Counterweight Guide Rails, Guide Rail Supports
(3) 6 inches. and Fastenings.
7-3060.
B. Bottom Runby. The bottom runby of the counterweight
shall be not less than the sum of the following: (a) Guide Rails Required. Passenger and freight elevators
shall be provided with car guide rails, and with counterweight
(1) The distance the car can travel above its top terminal guide rails where a counterweight is provided.
landing until the plunger strikes its top mechanical (b) Materials and Rail Section. The guide rail material and the
stop. rail section shall conform to Sections 7-3030 (b) through 7-3030
(2) 6 inches. (e) inclusive.
(c) Bracket Spacing, Stresses, Deflections and Maximum
The minimum runby specified shall not be reduced by Loading.
rope stretch.
1. Guide rails shall be fastened to the building structure at inter-
Horizontal Car and Counterweight Clearances. vals of not more than 16 feet.
7-3055. 2. The stresses and deflections in the car guide rails and in their
brackets, fastenings, and supports due to the horizontal forces im-
The horizontal car and counterweight clearances shall conform posed on the rail during loading, unloading, and running, based on
to the requirements of Section 7-3018, except that the distance be- the bracket spacing used, shall conform to Design Section 7-3109
tween the enclosure and any side of the car top that is not protected (a).
by guide rails shall be not more than 2 feet.
Where, for the rail section used, the stresses exceed those there-
Protection of Spaces Below Hoistways. in specified, the rail section shall be reinforced to limit the stresses
and deflections to the amount specified.
7-3056.
3. Guide rails for counterweights, where provided, shall con-
(a) Protection of Usable Space Below Hoistways. Where the form to the applicable portions of Section 7-3030 (f).
space below the hoistway is used for a passageway, is occupied by
persons, or if unoccupied is not permanently sealed against ac- (d) Rail Joints and Fishplates. The joints of metal guide rails
cess, the following requirements shall be conformed to: shall conform to the requirements of Section 7-3030 (i).
(e) Overall length of Guide Rails. The top and bottom ends of
1. The cylinder shall be supported by a structure of sufficient each run of guide rail shall be so located in relation to the extreme
strength to support the entire load that may be imposed upon it; positions of travel of the car and counterweight that the car and
and counterweight guiding members cannot travel beyond the ends of
2. No counterweights will be permitted. the guide rails. The guide rails shall be supported from the pit floor
in such a manner that the entire weight of either the car or counter-
3. The car shall be provided with buffers of one of the following weight can be suspended from the associated set of guide rails.
types: (f) Guide Rail Brackets and Building Supports and Their
A. Oil buffers conforming to Section 7-3061 (a). Fastenings. The guide rail brackets, building supports, and their
fastenings shall conform to the applicable requirements of Sec-
B. Spring buffers of a design which will not be fully com- tions 7-3030 (k) and 7-3030 (l).
pressed when struck by the fully loaded car at the maxi- EXCEPTION: The seismic forces referred to in Section 7-3030 (k)
mum speed attained in the down direction. 1C.
4. Car buffer supports shall be provided which will withstand, Car and Counterweight Buffers or Bumpers.
without permanent deformation, the impact resulting from buffer 7-3061.
engagement by the car with its rated load at the maximum speed (a) Car Buffers or Bumpers.
attained in the down direction.
1. Car buffers shall be provided for elevators having a maxi-
(b) Protection of Cylinders and Piping. Cylinders and piping mum speed of more than 50 feet per minute in the down direction.
that pass through areas where vehicles may contact them shall be 2. Car bumpers or buffers shall be provided for elevators hav-
protected by guards or barriers. ing a maximum speed of less than 50 feet per minute in the down
direction.
Protection of Hoistway Landing Openings.
3. Car buffers or bumpers shall conform to the requirements of
7-3057. Section 3031 except that the stroke and retardation requirements
The protection of hoistway landing openings shall conform to for hydraulic elevators shall be based on the maximum speed in
the requirements of Section 7-3020. the down direction.
Where the cylinder is an integral part of the car frame and takes
Hoistway Door and Gate Locking Devices. the buffer reactions directly, the buffers shall be arranged symmet-
7-3058. rically with respect to the cylinder.
Hoistway door and gate locking devices, hoistway access, and 4. Car buffers or bumpers shall be located so that the car will
parking devices shall conform to the requirements of Section come to rest on the bumper or on the fully compressed buffer be-
7-3021. fore the plunger or cylinder reaches its down limit of travel.
69
7-3062 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

(b) Counterweight Buffers. Where counterweights are pro- operating speed in the down direction with a capacity
vided, counterweight buffers shall not be provided. load on the car, to demonstrate that the PESD shall stop
the elevator with its capacity load.
Counterweights.
2. Further, the PESD shall:
7-3062.
A. Be tested annually for proper operation with no load.
(a) Applicable Requirements. Counterweights, where pro-
vided, shall conform to the requirements of Section 7-3032. B. When actuated, operate a switch that shall cut off the
power from the operating valves and pump motor. This
EXCEPTION: Rod-type counterweights may be used provided switch shall reset only upon release of the PESD.
that, in addition to the two tie rods, they also have two supporting rods
having a factor of safety of not less than 5 with the elevator at rest and 3. The PESD shall have a metal plate or plates, permanently at-
the counterweight at the top of its travel. tached and readily visible, marked with legible and permanent let-
Car Frames and Platforms. ters and figures not less than ¼ inch high indicating the following:
7-3063. A. The name of the manufacturer and the identifying num-
bers of the PESD,
(a) Requirements. Direct-plunger elevators shall be provided
with car frames and platforms conforming to the requirements of B. The date the PESD was initially tested and the test wit-
Section 7-3033 subject to the following modifications: nessed,
C. The diameter and wall thickness of the plunger for
1. The stresses and deflections in car frame and platform mem-
which the particular PESD is designed,
bers and their connections, based on the static load imposed upon
them, shall be not more than those permitted by Section 7-3033, D. The maximum weight, in pounds, for which the PESD is
provided that the maximum stresses in the car frame uprights designed,
which are normally subject to compression shall conform to De- E. The maximum speed for which the PESD is designed,
sign Section 7-3103 (a) 1. and,
2. The calculation of the stresses and deflections inside post car F. The shim adjustment range.
frame and platform members shall be based on the formula and 4. The PESD may be used on new Group III and existing Group
data in Section 7-3103 (a). II elevators.
For cars with corner-post or subpost car frames, or offset car 5. The runby clearance may be reduced to no less than 1 inch on
frames, the formulas and specified methods of calculations do not existing hydraulic elevators if a PESD is provided.
generally apply and shall be modified to suit the specific condi- 6. The subsequent 5-year load tests per Section 7-3071(j) will
tions and requirements in each case. not be required when the hydraulic elevator is equipped with a
Car Enclosures, Car Doors and Gates, and Car PESD that complies with the provisions of Section 7-3065(b)
Illumination. above.
7-3064. Capacity and Loading.
Car enclosures, car doors and gates, and car illumination shall 7-3066.
conform to the requirements of Section 7-3034, except that side (a) Applicable Requirements. The requirements of Section
emergency exits in passenger elevator cars shall not be permitted. 7-3037 covering capacity and loading shall apply to hydraulic ele-
vators except for the following:
Car and Counterweight Safeties.
1. With Class C2 loading, all parts of the hydraulic equipment
7-3065. shall be designed for the maximum pressure developed in the sys-
(a) If a car safety is provided, it shall engage the guide rails to tem during loading and unloading.
produce a retarding force, and it shall conform to the requirements 2. The crosshead data plate or plates shall indicate the
of Section 7-3035 and the following: following:
1. The safety shall be of a type which can be released only by A. The weight of the complete car and the auxiliary equip-
moving the car in the up direction. ment attached to the car, excluding the plunger and cyl-
The switches required by subsection 7-3036 (d) shall, when inder where they are not part of the car frame.
opened, remove power from the driving machine motor and con- B. The rated load and speed.
trol valves before or at the time of application of the safety. C. The outside diameter and wall thickness of the finished
(b) If a plunger engaging safety device (PESD) is provided in plunger.
direct plunger hydraulic elevators, it shall be of the type that en- D. The manufacturer’s name and date of installation.
gages the plunger to produce a retarding force, and it shall be de- 3. The requirements of Section 7-3037 (g) for lifting one-piece
signed and approved for that purpose. See Section 7-3106.1 for loads do not apply. Hydraulic elevators shall not be loaded to ex-
required approval data. ceed their rated load as specified on the capacity plate unless de-
1. The PESD shall: signed and installed to carry one-piece loads exceeding their rated
load.
A. Be the type that can only be released by establishing at
least no load pressure on the hydraulic system. 4. The requirements of Design Section 7-3100 (b), Additional
Requirements for Passenger Overload, do not apply to hydroelec-
B. Be responsive to a pressure decrease in the system. tric elevators.
C. Be field testable. Hydraulic Driving Machines, Plungers, Cylinders and
D. Be field tested during the acceptance test. The test shall System Oil Level.
be witnessed by the Division before a permit to operate 7-3067
is issued. The test shall be conducted at no less than the (a) Type of Drive.
70
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3068
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

1. Hydraulic elevators shall be of the direct-plunger type with lations or as replacements on existing elevators shall conform to
the plunger or cylinder attached directly to the underside of the the following:
car, or to the car frame without intervening linkages, ropes or A. Installations shall be accomplished without introducing
chains. twist in the hose, and shall conform with the minimum
2. Hydraulic machines shall be of the hydroelectric type. bending radius specified in SAE 100 R2 High Pressure,
Steel Wire Reinforced, Rubber Covered Hydraulic
(b) Plungers. Hose. They shall be located and supported to protect
1. The plunger and connecting couplings for the plunger shall hose and fittings from abrasions or undue stresses from
be of materials with a factor of safety of not less than 5 based on the external sources.
ultimate strength and with an elongation of not less than 10 per- B. Shall have a bursting strength sufficient to withstand not
cent in a length of 2 inches (51 mm). less than 10 times working pressure. They shall be tested
2. Plungers shall be designed, constructed, and attached to the in the factory or in the field prior to installation at a pres-
car in accordance with Design Section 7-3102. sure of at least 5 times working pressure, and shall be
marked with date and pressure of test. See Section
3. Plungers shall be provided with solid metal stops and/or other 7-3009 (b) for definition of working pressure.
means to prevent the plunger from traveling beyond the limits of
the cylinder. Stops shall be so designed and constructed as to stop C. Hose shall otherwise conform to the requirements of
the plunger from maximum speed in the up direction under full SAE 100 R2, and shall be compatible with the fluid used
pressure without damage to the connection to the driving machine, therein.
plunger, plunger connection, couplings, plunger joints, cylinder, D. Hose fittings shall be of an approved type.
cylinder connecting couplings or any other parts of the hydraulic
system. For rated speeds exceeding 100 feet per minute (0.51 m/s) E. The hose and fittings assembly shall be permanently
where a solid metal stop is provided, means other than the normal marked with the SAE hose-type identification and the
terminal stopping device shall be provided to retard the car to 100 installation date.
feet per minute (0.51 m/s) with a retardation not greater than grav- F. When wear, corrosion or other factors indicate that safe-
ity, before striking the stop. ty factor of the hose has been materially reduced below
the manufacturer’s rating, it shall be renewed.
4. A plunger-follower guide may be used provided it is arranged
so that the elevator is always in a position where the unsupported G. Flexible couplings shall be so designed and constructed
length of the plunger conforms to the “maximum free length” as that failure of the sealing element will not permit separa-
defined in subsection 7-3102 (a) and to open the power circuit if tion of the parts connected.
this length is exceeded. (b) Relief and Check Valves.
(c) Cylinders. 1. Each pump or group of pumps shall be equipped with a relief
1. Cylinders shall be designed and constructed in accordance valve conforming to the following requirements:
with the formula in Sections 7-3102 (e) and 7-3102 (f). A. The relief valve shall be located between the pump and
2. Clearance shall be provided at the end of the cylinder so that the check valve and shall be of such a type and so
the end of the plunger will not strike the head of the cylinder when installed in a by-pass connection that the valve cannot be
the car is resting on its fully compressed buffer. shut off from the hydraulic system.
3. Means shall be provided to collect any oil leakage from the B. The relief valve shall be pre-set to open at a pressure not
cylinder packing gland. greater than that necessary to maintain 125 percent of
the working pressure.
(d) System Oil Level.
C. The size of the relief valve and by-pass shall be suffi-
1. The hydraulic system oil level shall be monitored by a quali- cient to pass the maximum rated capacity of the pump
fied person or an approved monitoring system to ensure the oil without raising the pressure more than 20 percent above
level is within the manufacturer’s recommended level. that at which the valve opens. Two or more relief valves
2. When the oil is below the recommended level, and the quan- may be used to obtain the required capacity.
tity of oil loss is not accounted for, the elevator shall be taken out of D. Relief valves having exposed pressure adjustments, if
service and the Division shall be notified within 48 hours. used, shall have their means of adjustment sealed after
being set to the correct pressure.
A. The elevator shall remain out of service until the cause of
the unaccounted oil loss is determined and corrected. EXCEPTION: No relief valve is required for centrifugal pumps
driven by induction motors, providing the shut-off, or maximum pres-
Valves, Supply Piping and Fittings. sure which the pump can develop, is not greater than 135 percent of the
working pressure at the pump.
7-3068.
2. A check valve shall be provided and shall be so installed that
(a) General Requirements. it will hold the elevator car with rated load at any point when the
1. Valves, piping, and fittings shall not be subjected to working pump stops or the maintained pressure drops below the minimum
pressures exceeding those recommended by the manufacturer for operating pressure.
the type of service for which they are used. (c) Supply Piping and Fittings.
2. Piping shall be so supported as to eliminate undue stresses at 1. Supply piping materials and fittings shall conform to the re-
joints and fittings, particularly at any section of the line subject to quirements of Design Section 7-3102 (g).
vibration. EXCEPTION: Flexible hydraulic hose and fitting assemblies and
3. Flexible hose and fitting assemblies and flexible couplings flexible coupling.
installed between the check valve and the cylinder on new instal- 2. The minimum wall thickness shall conform to the following:
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7-3069 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

A. For working pressures up to 250 pounds per square inch, Operation, Operating Devices and Control Equipment.
piping equal to standard schedule 40 steel pipe may be 7-3071.
used without stress analysis. (a) Types of Operating Devices.
B. For working pressures more than 250 pounds per square 1. Operating devices shall be of a type conforming to the re-
inch, the wall thickness shall be not less than that deter- quirements of Section 7-3040 (a) 1, Section 7-3040 (a) 2 and Sec-
mined by the formula in Section 7-3102 (g). tion 7-3040 (a) 3.
C. Pipe lighter than schedule 40 shall not be threaded, nor 2. Top-of-car operating devices shall be provided and shall con-
grooved for couplings. form to the requirements of Section 7-3040 (a) 4.
Tanks. EXCEPTIONS: 1. Elevators having a rise of not more than 15 feet
and which do not have access switches at the upper landing.
7-3069.
2. The operation in the down direction may be independent of the
(a) General Requirements. down terminal stopping device.
1. All tanks shall be of sufficient capacity to provide for an ade- (b) Operation. Operation shall conform to the requirements of
quate liquid reserve to prevent the entrance of air or other gas into Sections 7-3040 (a) 4, (a) 5, (a) 6, (a) 7 and (a) 8.
the system. (c) Leveling Devices and Truck-zoning Devices.
2. The permissible minimum liquid level shall be clearly indi- 1. A two-way automatic maintaining leveling device shall be
cated. provided for elevators with automatic or continuous pressure but-
(b) Storage and Discharge Tanks. Storage and discharge tanks ton operation.
shall conform to the following: 2. Leveling and truck-zoning devices shall conform to the re-
1. They shall be covered and suitably vented to the atmosphere. quirements of Section 7-3040 (a) 5.
2. They shall be so designed and constructed that, when com- (d) Electrical Protective Devices. In addition to the terminal
pletely filled, the factor of safety shall be at least 4 based on the stopping devices required by Section 7-3070, the following elec-
ultimate strength of the material. trical protective devices shall be provided and shall conform to the
requirements of Section 7-3040 (b), except that their operation
3. Welding of parts on which safe operation depends shall con- shall cause the electrical power to be removed from all control
form to Section 7-3033 (g). valves and from the pump motor.
Terminal Stopping Devices. 1. Emergency-stop switch.
7-3070. 2. Stop switches in pits.
(a) Normal Terminal Stopping Devices. Normal terminal
3. Stop switches on top of cars.
stopping devices shall be provided, conforming to the require-
ments of Section 7-3039 (a). 4. Hoistway door interlocks or hoistway gate contact locks.
EXCEPTIONS: 1. The device shall be so designed and installed 5. Car-door or gate electric contacts.
that it will continue to function until the car reaches its extreme limits
of travel. 6. Electric contacts for hinged car-platform sills.
2. The bottom terminal stopping device may be made ineffective EXCEPTION: Devices 4, 5, and 6 need not remove the power
while the car is under control of the top-of-car operating device. within the leveling zones.
3. The switch contacts shall be directly opened mechanically. Ar- (e) Requirements for Electrical Equipment and Wiring All
rangements which depend on a spring, or gravity, or a combination of electrical equipment and wiring shall comply with the provisions
both, to open the switch contacts, shall not be used. of the California Electrical Code.
(b) Emergency Terminal Stopping Devices. Emergency ter-
(f) Installation of Condensers or Devices to Make Electrical
minal stopping devices shall be installed at the top of the hoistway
Protective Devices Inoperative. The installation of condensers
for rated car speeds of more than 100 feet per minute and shall con-
or other devices to make electrical protective devices inoperative
form to the following:
shall conform to Section 7-3040 (d).
1. They shall operate independently of the normal terminal (g) Control and Operating Circuit Requirements. The de-
stopping device should this device fail to slow down the car at the sign and installation of the control and operating circuits shall
terminal as intended. conform to the following requirements:
2. They shall retard the car to 100 feet per minute with a retarda- 1. Springs, where used to actuate switches, contactors, or relays
tion not greater than gravity before the plunger reaches its limit of to stop an elevator at the terminals, or to actuate electrically oper-
travel in the up direction. ated valves, shall be of the compression type.
3. At least two control means are required, one controlled by the 2. The completion or maintenance of an electric circuit shall not
emergency terminal stopping device and another by the normal be used to interrupt the power to control-valve-operating magnets
terminal stopping device. nor to the pump-driving motor under the following conditions:
4. A single short circuit caused by a combination of grounds or A. To stop the car at the terminals.
by other conditions shall not prevent the functioning of the emer-
gency terminal stopping device. B. To stop the car when the emergency stop switch or any of
the electrical protective devices operate.
EXCEPTION: Where the plunger is provided with a device to re-
tard the car to 100 feet per minute, with a retardation not greater than 3. The failure of any single magnetically operated switch, con-
gravity, before the plunger reaches its extreme limit of travel, emergen- tactor, or relay to release in the intended manner, or the occur-
cy terminal stopping devices are not required. rence of a single accidental ground, shall not permit the car to
(c) Final Terminal Stopping Devices. Final terminal stopping start if any hoistway door interlock is unlocked or if any hoistway
devices are not required. door or car door or gate contact is not in the closed position.
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 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3072
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

(h) Load-weighing Devices on Passenger Elevators. Load- 2. A metal, fiber, or plastic tag shall be securely attached to the
weighing devices which will stop the elevator while running shall elevator pumping unit in the machine room, with lettering not less
not be installed in connection with passenger elevators. They may than 1/4 inch (6.4 mm) on a contrasting background indicating the
be installed to prevent the elevator from leaving a floor but the set- following information:
ting shall be for a load not more than that which would actuate the A. Elevator state number
relief valve.
B. Elevator company who conducted the load test
(i) Car Emergency Signal. Elevators which are operated at any
time without a designated operator shall be provided with an C. Date of load test.
emergency signal conforming to the requirements of Section (k) Out-of-service Requirements.
7-3041 (a).
1. When it is intended to discontinue the use of an elevator for an
(j) Load Test Required. Every hydraulic elevator installed extended period, the power shall be disconnected and the liquid
hereafter shall be field tested before a permit to operate is issued, line to the cylinder disconnected.
and again at intervals not to exceed five (5) years. 2. The car shall be landed in a satisfactory manner.
1. The test shall be witnessed by an authorized representative of NOTE: To facilitate reactivation of the elevator, the car should be
the division, or the division may accept reports of witnesses ac- landed at least 2 feet above the bottom terminal.
cepted by the division as competent. This test shall demonstrate (l) Operation of Elevators Under Fire or Other Emergency
that: Conditions.
A. When running the car with rated load in both directions. 1. Elevators with automatic operation shall conform to fire and
(1) The rated speed as shown on the crosshead data plate other emergency requirements as follows:
shall not be greater than 110 percent of the actual A. Elevators with automatic power operated hoistway
speed in the up direction with the rated load on the doors to Section 7-3041 (c).
car.
B. Elevators with manually operated hoistway doors to
EXCEPTION to 7-3071 (j) 1 A 1: For elevators installed prior to Section 7-3041 (c).
3-21-70 the Division may accept a greater percentage of the actual
speed. (m) Loss of Pressure Device. A pressure switch or other means
(2) The full load “down” speed shall not be greater than shall be provided to prevent the liquid in the cylinder or plunger
125 percent of the rated speed as shown on the cross- from returning to the tank through an open valve in the event the
head data plate. weight of the platform is removed from the cylinder or plunger.
B. The relief valve is in compliance with Section 7-3068 Counterweight Ropes, Rope Connections and Sheaves.
(b). 7-3072.
C. When the car with rated load is stopped at some eleva- (a) Ropes and Rope Connections. Where a counterweight is
tion in the hoistway for a period of 15 minutes, and with provided, the counterweight shall be connected to the elevator car
the power disconnected, the elevator does not move by not less than two steel wire ropes.
(drift or creep). Any change in car position which cannot The wire ropes and their connections shall conform to Section
be accounted for by visible oil leakage or liquid temper- 7-3042.
ature change indicates a problem and the need for further EXCEPTION: The factor of safety of the wire rope shall be not less
inspection, tests or repairs. than 7.
D. The pressure switch if provided is in compliance with (b) Sheaves. Sheaves for counterweight wire ropes shall con-
Section 7-3071 (m). form to Sections 7-3038 (b), 7-3038 (c) and 7-3038 (e).

73
7-3073 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-10. Hand and Power Sidewalk Elevators

General Requirements for Sidewalk Elevators with 5. There shall be a minimum clearance of 18 inches between the
Sidewalk Doors. face of the doors and any obstruction when the doors are in the
7-3073. open position.
(a) Type of Elevator. Sidewalk elevators shall be of the direct EXCEPTIONS: 1. Elevators installed before June 5, 1947.
plunger type with a hydroelectric machine or they may be hand 2. Elevators with controls and operating devices that conform to
elevators. Section 7-3074 (i) 3 need not comply with Section 7-3073 (d) 5.
6. The sidewalk opening shall be protected by metal doors of
(b) Limits of Speed and Travel of Power Elevators. sufficient strength to support a static load of not less than 300
1. The rated speed of power-driven sidewalk elevators shall be pounds per square foot, uniformly distributed. They shall have a
not more than 50 feet per minute. nonslip upper surface.
2. Sidewalk elevators shall not be arranged to travel above the A. The doors shall be two section center-opening hinged to
normal sidewalk level except as provided in Section 7-3074 (d) 3. be level with the sidewalk or other area exterior to the
building when in the closed position.
(c) Construction of Hoistways, Hoistway Enclosures and
Machine Rooms. B. The doors of power elevators shall be opened by the as-
cending car and shall be self-closing and self-locking as
1. Hoistways and hoistway enclosures for sidewalk elevators the car descends, and shall be kept in the closed position
shall conform to Section 7-3010. when the car is not at the top landing.
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Section 7-3010 (a) 2B. The height of the base- EXCEPTION: The sidewalk doors may be held in the open posi-
ment entrance for new and existing installations shall be not more than tion by a bar or other device that prevents accidental closing of the
12 feet. doors.
2. The requirements of Section 7-3010 (d). C. The sidewalk opening shall be further protected by full
2. Machine rooms and machine enclosures shall be provided automatic hinged screens located directly below the
and their construction shall conform to Section 7-3050 (b). sidewalk doors and operated by the car. The screens
EXCEPTION: Hand elevators. shall cover the entire hatchway when the elevator is not
at the sidewalk level except that openings as necessary
A. The clearances and work space requirements shall com-
for the operation of the door lock or the screens will be
ply with the following:
permitted.
(1) For hydraulic elevators to Section 7-3050 (b). EXCEPTION: Elevators installed before June 5, 1947, which are
(2) For existing cabled elevators to Section 7-3011. arranged so the sidewalk doors are not held open or on which the open
sides are provided with side screens at least 42 inches high.
B. California Electrical Code for clearance around control (1) When the sidewalk doors are open and the elevator
panels. is not at the sidewalk level, the opening shall be pro-
C. Elevator machine rooms or enclosed areas shall be kept tected by automatic screens or by side screens on the
free of all materials except those used for repair or main- open sides.
tenance of the elevator. (2) Automatic screens, when closed, shall be capable of
3. Pits shall be provided for sidewalk elevators. supporting a 300-pound load on any 1 square foot
and shall be constructed of materials that will reject
A. The pit shall conform to Section 7-3016 except the bot- a ball 2 inches in diameter.
tom clearance shall conform to Section 7-3073 (c) 3B.
(3) Automatic screens shall not be tied or held open ex-
B. The bottom car clearance shall conform to Section cept when the car is at the sidewalk level.
7-3017 (a) provided that, in the determination of the
D. Sidewalk doors shall be provided with a device that will:
clearance required by Section 7-3017 (a) 1, any undercar
bracing which is located within 6 inches horizontally (1) Prevent the doors from opening automatically more
from the edge of the platform or within 3 inches horizon- than 90 degrees from their closed position when the
tally from the centerline of the guide rails shall not be car ascends.
considered. (2) Prevent the doors from remaining in the open posi-
C. The bottom runby shall be not less than 3 inches for tion when the car descends unless the hold-open bar
hydroelectric elevators. or device is in place.
E. Hold-open bars shall be provided with a self-locking de-
(d) Landing Openings in Sidewalks.
vice that will prevent the bar from being dislodged by ac-
1. The maximum clear opening in any sidewalk and its location cidental contact.
with respect to the street line or building line shall be determined F. When gates are provided on the elevator car, the clear-
by local building codes except that in no case shall this opening be ance between the gate and the hold-open bar shall be not
inside the building line. less than 5 inches when the gate is opposite the bar.
2. Hoistways shall not be located either wholly or partially in (e) Protection of Other Hoistway Openings.
front of any entrance to a building.
1. Entrances at hoistway landings shall comply with the require-
3. The doors shall be of the hinged type with the line of the ments of Section 7-3020, as they apply to freight elevators, in the
hinges at right angles to the building wall or at right angels to the case of power elevators and to Section 7-3076 for hand elevators.
curb, if located next to the curb. 2. Hoistway door or gate-locking devices shall conform to the
4. Hoistways shall be located so that the clearance between the requirements of Section 7-3021, as they apply to freight elevators,
edge of the doors and the building wall shall be either not more except that where gates are used, the bottom landing may be pro-
than 4 inches or not less than 24 inches. vided with a contact lock.
74
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3074
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

(f) Requirements for Electrical Wiring and Electrical (e) Car Enclosures and Car Doors and Gates.
Equipment. Electrical wiring and wireways in hoistways, ma- 1. Power-driven sidewalk elevators shall be provided with a
chine rooms and machinery spaces shall comply with the Califor- car enclosure on the unused sides to a height of not less than 6 feet,
nia Electrical Code. conforming to the requirements of Section 7-3034 (c).
(g) Clearance Between Loading Side of Car Platforms and EXCEPTION: Existing elevators in existing buildings where be-
Hoistway Enclosures. The horizontal clearance between the car cause of building conditions it is not possible to install sides 6 feet high
and the hoistway shall comply with Section 7-3018. providing the sides furnished are the maximum height obtainable.
2. Where car gates or doors are provided, they shall conform to
Machinery and Equipment for Elevators with Sidewalk the requirements of Section 7-3034 (f) and shall be provided with
Doors. a contact conforming to Section 7-3034 (d) (2).
7-3074. 3. Car enclosures are not required for hand elevators.
(a) Guide Rails, Guide Rail Supports and Fastenings. Guide
(f) Capacity and Loading.
rails and their supports shall conform to Section 7-3030 and De-
sign Section 7-3109 (a) for hydroelectric elevators and to Section 1. The capacity and loading requirements shall conform to the
7-3077 (e) for hand elevators. following:
1. The top and bottom ends of each run of guide rail shall be lo- A. Hydroelectric elevators to Section 7-3066.
cated so that the car cannot travel beyond the ends of the rail. The B. Hand elevators to Section 7-3077 (c).
rails shall be extended to or supported by the pit floor.
2. Elevators designed for Class B or Class C loading shall have
(b) Buffers. Buffers shall conform to the following: a sign in the car that conforms to the requirements of Section
1. Hydroelectric elevators to Section 7-3061. 7-3037 (e) 1A.
(g) Driving Machines and Sheaves. Driving machines and
2. Hand elevators to Section 7-3076 (e) (4). sheaves shall conform to Sections 7-3067, 7-3068, and 7-3069 for
(c) Counterweights. Power sidewalk elevators shall be un- hydroelectric elevators, and to Section 7-3037 (g) for hand
counterweighted. Existing counterweights shall be maintained to elevators.
comply with Section 7-3032. (h) Terminal Stopping Devices of Power Elevators.
(d) Car Frames and Platforms. 1. Terminal stopping devices shall conform to the following:
1. Car frames and platforms shall conform to the requirements A. Hydroelectric elevators to Section 7-3070.
of Section 7-3063 for hydroelectric elevators, and Section 7-3077 B. Limit switches installed in the hoistway at the lower ter-
(a) (3) for hand elevators. minal shall be located as far above the bottom of the pit
2. Bow irons shall be provided on the car to operate the sidewalk as practicable.
doors and screens except on hand elevators. C. All terminal limit switches in the hoistway or on the car
A. Bow irons shall be not less than 7 feet high, except that shall be weatherproof.
this height may be reduced by an amount necessary to (i) Operating Devices and Control Equipment of Power
permit the sidewalk doors to close when the car is at the Elevators.
landing next below the sidewalk level.
1. Operating devices and control equipment shall conform to
B. Bow irons shall be so designed and installed as to with- the requirements of Section 7-3071.
stand the impact when striking the doors. EXCEPTIONS: 1. Top of car inspection switches.
C. Bow irons shall be located approximately symmetrical- 2. Top of car stop switches.
ly with respect the center of the car platform. 2. Access switches are not required except where biparting
3. Sidewalk elevators arranged to travel above the level of the doors are installed at the lowest landing.
sidewalk shall conform to the following: 3. The operation of power elevators through the sidewalk doors
shall conform to the following:
A. The depth of the car frame and the length and spacing of
the guiding members shall be such as to prevent tipping A. The elevator shall be operated in both the up and down
of the platform when it is at its highest upper landing lev- directions through the opening, only from the sidewalk
el. See Section 7-3063 (a) 1 for the minimum require- level, except when the doors are held in the open posi-
ments. tion by the hold-open bar or device.
B. The car platform shall be provided with metal aprons or B. The operation from the sidewalk level shall be by means
guards on all exposed sides, conforming to the follow- of key-operated continuous-pressure type up and down
ing: switches or by continuous-pressure type up and down
buttons on the free end of a lug-in flexible cord not more
(1) They shall be made of metal of not less than No. 16 than 5 feet in length.
MS. gage.
C. Key-operated switches shall be of the continuous-
(2) They shall have a straight vertical face flush with the pressure spring-return type and shall be operated by a
outer edge of the platform, having a depth of not less cylinder-type lock having not less than a 5-pin or 5-disc
than the distance between the normal upper terminal combination with the key removable only when the
landing level and the highest upper landing level switch is in the off position.
plus 3 inches.
D. Where the elevator is located on the building wall half of
(3) The lower portion of the guard shall be rounded or the sidewalk, but not more than 4_0i from the building
bent back at a angle of approximately 75 degrees wall, the key switch or plub receptacle shall be located in
with the horizontal. the wall within 18 inches horizontally of the edge of the
75
7-3075 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

hoistway or within one section of the sidewalk door. Sidewalk Elevators without Sidewalk Doors.
When the elevator is not located on the building wall 7-3075.
half of the sidewalk, the key switch or plug receptacle (a) General Requirements.
shall be located within one section of the sidewalk door
1. Sidewalk elevators without sidewalk doors shall be of the hy-
or within 18 inches horizontally of the edge of the hoist-
droelectric type.
way.
Key-operated switches and plug receptacles shall be 2. Sidewalk elevators may be installed inside the building with
weatherproof. the top landing opening onto the sidewalk or other outside area
served, but without any opening into the interior of the building at
4. Operating buttons may be provided in the elevator car pro- the top landing.
vided that such buttons shall operate the car only when the bow 3. The rated speed for sidewalk elevators of this type shall not
iron is not in contact with the sidewalk doors. exceed 150 feet per minute.
4. Sidewalk elevators of this type shall conform to all sections of
5. Operating buttons may be provided, mounted on the under- Article 9 as they apply to freight elevators, subject to the following
side of the sidewalk doors in such a manner as to be clear of the requirements:
automatic screens, provided that such buttons shall operate the car A. The car frame shall be of a type without a crosshead.
only when doors are held in the fully open position by the hold- B. No car top shall be provided.
open bar or device.
C. The car shall be enclosed to a height of 6 feet except for
the necessary entrances.
6. Operating buttons for operation of the elevator from the hall
landings shall not be used except the access switch required for ac- D. The underside of the hoistway ceiling shall be not less
cess to the pit where biparting vertically sliding doors are installed than 10 feet 6 inches above the car floor when the car
at the lowest landing. The access switch shall operate the car only floor is level with the top landing nor less than 10 feet
when the bow iron is not in contact with the sidewalk doors. above the car floor when the ram has reached its extreme
limit of travel in the up direction.
7. Operation shall be of the continuous-pressure type. E. The requirements for car top inspection, car top stop
switch, light, and convenience outlet shall not apply.
8. When it is intended to discontinue the use of a sidewalk eleva- F. Access switches for car top inspection are not required.
tor for an extended period of time, power elevators shall comply 5. The hoistway enclosure shall be smooth and flush except for
with the requirements of Section 7-3071 (k) and hand power the necessary entrances with no recesses or projections in the
elevators shall comply with Section 7-3077 (j). hoistway walls.

76
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3076
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-11. Hand Elevators

Hoistways, Hoistway Enclosures and Related Construction. (h) Protection of Hoistway Landing Openings.
7-3076. 1. Hoistway landing openings shall be provided with vertically
(a) Construction of Hoistways and Hoistway Enclosures. sliding semiautomatic or full automatic gates not less than
66 inches high of a design that will reject a ball 2 inches in diame-
1. Hoistways of hand elevators shall be enclose as required for
ter. Gates shall be so constructed and guided as to withstand a lat-
power-driven elevators in Section 7-3010 (a).
eral force of 100 pounds concentrated at the center of the gate
2. The strength of the hoistway enclosure shall be as required in without being deflected beyond the line of the landing sill, and a
Section 7-3010 (b). force of 250 pounds without forcing the gate from its guides or
3. The construction at the bottom of the hoistway shall comply breaking the gate.
with Section 7-3010 (c). EXCEPTION: Where architectural conditions or necessary access
to the operating rope preclude the use of 66 inch high gates, the follow-
(b) Machine Rooms and Machinery Spaces. ing conditions are permitted:
1. Hand elevator machines may be located inside the hoistway 1. A top landing full automatic gate may be not less than 41 nor more
enclosure at the top or bottom without intervening enclosures or than 43 inches high.
platforms. Machines of hand sidewalk elevators having a travel of 2. A lowest landing full automatic gate not less than 41 nor more
than 43 inches high may be used if it disappears into the pit.
not more than one story are not required to be enclosed.
3. Semi-automatic gates not less than 41 nor more than 43 inches
2. The access to machine rooms and machinery spaces shall high may be used at any landing.
comply with Section 7-3011 (c) except that vertical ladders with 2. Where any gate less than 66 inches high is used at any landing
handgrips may be used for access from building floors where the other than the top landing, telltale chains or ropes not less than
difference in level exceeds 3 feet. 4 feet long nor more than 5 inches apart shall be hung from the
3. Permanent electric lighting shall be provided in all machine lower edge of the car platform adjacent to such gates.
rooms or machinery spaces. 3. Slots in gates required for access to the operating rope or the
(c) Machinery and Sheave Beams, Supports, and Founda- brake rope or such slots in the hoistway enclosure shall not exceed
tions. The machinery and sheave beams, supports, and founda- 5 inches in width.
tions shall comply with the requirements of Section 7-3015. EXCEPTION: Elevators installed before June 5, 1947.
(d) Pits. A pit shall be provided at the bottom of every hand 4. Full automatic gates shall be provided with mechanical locks
elevator hoistway. These pits shall extend the entire area of the ho- that prevent the gate from being opened unless the opening device
istway and shall be of sufficient depth so that there will be not less is operated by the elevator car. Semi-automatic gates shall be pro-
than 12 inches clearance between the bottom of the pit and the un- vided with mechanical locks to prevent the gate from being
derside of the elevator when the elevator is landed on the fully opened unless the elevator car is within the landing zone.
compressed buffers or bumpers. The pit shall be not less than Machinery and Equipment.
30 inches deep. 7-3077.
(e) Bottom and Top Clearances and Runby for Cars and (a) Car Construction.
Counterweights. 1. Cars shall be enclosed on the sides not used for entrance. The
1. The top car clearance shall be not less than the sum of the fol- deflection of the enclosure shall be not more than 1/4 inch when
lowing: subjected to a force of 75 pounds applied perpendicularly to the
car enclosure at any point. The enclosure shall be secured to the
A. The bottom counterweight runby, if any.
car platform or frame in such a manner that it cannot work loose or
B. The stroke of the counterweight buffer where buffers are become displaced in ordinary service.
used. EXCEPTION: Sidewalk elevators.
C. 12 inches. 2. Car tops shall be provided for hand-powered freight eleva-
2. The top counterweight clearance shall be not less than the tors and shall comply with the requirements for tops on power-
sum of the following: driven freight elevators, as enumerated in Section 7-3034 (c).
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Where all gates, when closed, come down to
A. The bottom car runby, if any. within 2 inches of the floor except the lowest landing gate.
B. The stroke of the car buffers where buffers are used. 2. Elevators having a rise of not more than 15 feet.
C. 6 inches. 3. The car shall be provided with an electric light controlled by a
switch on the car, or on elevators with no car top and a rise of not
3. The top car clearance shall be not less than 18 inches with the more than 15 feet, the light may be at the top of the hoistway.
platform level with the top landing.
4. Car frames and platforms shall be of metal or sound seasoned
4. Bumpers or buffers shall be provided under all handpowered wood design with a factor of safety of not less than 4 for metal and
elevators. 6 for wood, based on the rated load uniformly distributed.
(f) Hoistway Clearance. The horizontal clearance between the Connections between frame members of the car frame and plat-
car and the hoistway or the car and the counterweights shall com- form shall be riveted, bolted, or welded.
ply with Section 7-3018 except that shear plates described in Sec- Sidewalk elevator platforms shall be provided with steel bow-
tion 7-3018 (g) need not be provided when the car will not travel in irons to open the sidewalk doors.
the up direction with 150 pounds on the platform and the brake re-
leased. 5. Glass shall not be used in elevator cars.
(g) Protection of Spaces Below Hoistways. The requirements (b) Car Safety Devices.
of Section 7-3019 shall apply. 1. Hand elevators shall be provided with a car safety device.
77
7-3077 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

EXCEPTION: Elevators installed before January 1, 1925, having the guide shoes from running off the guide rails in case the car or
a rise not exceeding 15 feet. counterweight travels beyond the terminal landings.
2. Governor actuated safeties shall be located below the car
platform and shall be approved by the division as required in Sec- (f) Counterweights. Sections of counterweights, whether car-
tion 7-3106 and the governor and safety tested on each installation ried in frames or not, shall be secured by at least two tie rods pass-
as required by Section 7-3035. ing through holes in the sections. The tie rods shall have lock nuts
at each end, secured by cotter pins.
3. Safety devices actuated by the breaking or slackening of the
hoist cables shall be drop tested on each installation and the test (g) Driving Machines and Sheaves.
shall be witnessed by a representative of the division. 1. The factors of safety, based on the static loads, to be used in
4. Where the travel exceeds 40 feet, driving machines having the design of driving machines and sheaves shall be not less than 8
hand-operated brakes shall also be equipped with an automatic for wrought iron or wrought steel and 10 for cast iron or other
speed retarder. materials.
EXCEPTION: Elevators installed before January 1, 1925. 2. Driving machines shall be equipped with a hand brake or an
(c) Capacity and Loading. automatic brake operating in either direction of motion of the
1. The rated load of hand elevators shall be not less than elevator, and capable of stopping and holding the car with its
50 pounds per square foot of net inside car area. rated load. When the brake has been applied, it shall remain in the
“On” position until released by the operator.
2. A metal plate shall be fastened in a conspicuous place in the
elevator car and shall bear the following information in not less (h) Power Attachments.
than 1/4 inch letters or figures; stamped, etched, or raised on the 1. Hand elevators shall not be equipped with any means or
surface of the plate. attachment for applying electric or other power.
A. Rated load in pounds.
(i) Suspension Means.
B. The maximum number of passengers to be carried based
on 150 pounds per person (if passenger elevator). 1. Suspension means shall consist of not less than two wire
ropes or chains.
C. Suspension data required by Section 7-3077 (i) 5.
2. The factor of safety used in determining the size and number
(d) Load and Car Safety Test. A rated-load test and a test of the
of the suspension members shall be not less than 5, based on the
car safety device with rated load in the car, shall be made of every
weight of the car and its rated load.
new elevator before it is placed in regular service. See Section
7-3077 (b). 3. The length of suspension means shall be such as to provide
(e) Guide Rails and Fastenings. the minimum top car and counterweight clearances.
1. Cars and counterweights shall be provided with guide rails of 4. Drum ends of suspension means shall be secured to the inside
steel or straight-grained seasoned wood. of the drum by clamps or babbitted sockets, and there shall be not
less than one complete turn of the suspension means around the
2. Guide rails for sidewalk elevators shall be of steel. winding drum when the car or counterweight is resting on its buff-
3. Guide rails shall be securely fastened with through-bolts or ers.
clips of such strength, design, and spacing that:
5. The capacity plate required by Section 7-3077 (c) 2C, shall
A. The guide rails and their fastenings shall not deflect state the size, rated ultimate strength, and material of the suspen-
more than 1/4 inch under normal operation. sion means. The date of installation of the suspension means shall
B. The guide rails and their fastenings shall withstand the be shown on a metal tag attached to the suspension fastenings.
application of the safety when stopping the car with (j) Out-of-service Requirements. When it is intended to dis-
rated load or when stopping the counterweight. continue the use of a hand powered elevator for a extended period
4. Car and counterweight guide rails shall rest on suitable sup- of time, the cables shall be disconnected and the car and counter-
ports and extend at the top of the hoistway sufficiently to prevent weights landed satisfactorily.

78
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3078
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-12. Hand and Power Dumbwaiters

Scope. headroom above walkways shall be not less than

Hand and power dumbwaiters shall comply with the require- 4 feet and the walkways shall be provided with per-
ments of this article, except that hand dumbwaiters serving not manent electric lighting.
more than two consecutive stories and having a capacity of 3. When basement machines of power dumbwaiters are located
20 pounds or less and a car platform area of not more than 2 square within the hoistway, the following regulations shall apply:
feet need not comply with these regulations. A. The controller shall be located outside the hoistway.
Enclosure of Hoistways, Machine Rooms and Machinery B. The machine space shall be provided with an access
Spaces. door.
7-3078. C. The access door shall be not less than 18 inches in its
The enclosures shall be building walls, ceiling materials and least dimension and shall be kept locked.
fireproofing conforming to governing building codes. The regula- D. The access door shall be provided with a electric contact
tions included in this section establish minimum standards for that will prevent the dumbwaiter from operating with the
hoistway enclosures. These regulations are not intended to super- door open.
sede applicable local building codes establishing higher stand- E. Access to overhead sheave spaces shall be provided. The
ards. access shall conform to the requirements for access to
(a) Dumbwaiter Hoistway Enclosures. Hoistway and hoist- overhead machines in Section 7-3078 (b) 2 unless the
way enclosures shall comply with the following: equipment at the top of the hoistway can be serviced
safely from the hoistway landing door.
1. Section 7-3010 (a). Enclosures of Hoistways.
4. When the machines of power dumbwaiters are located out-
2. Section 7-3010 (b). Strength of Enclosures. side the hoistway, either above or at the side, the following regula-
3. Section 7-3010 (c). Construction at Bottom of Hoistway. tions shall apply:
4. Sufficient overhead clearance shall be provided for reason- A. Machine rooms or machine enclosures shall be provided
able overtravel and final stopping. conforming to the requirements of machine rooms or
elevators in Section 7-3011 of the machine shall be en-
EXCEPTION: Dumbwaiters of the undercounter type.
closed with removable panels provided with electric
(b) Dumbwaiter Machine Rooms, Machinery Spaces and contacts that will prevent the dumbwaiter from operat-
Access to Machinery. ing with the panels removed.
1. The control panels shall be located to conform to the require- B. Access to machine rooms or machine enclosures located
ments of the California Electrical Code. above the hoistway shall conform to Section 7-3011 (c)
2. When overhead machines of power dumbwaiters are located except that a permanent ladder may be installed for ac-
within the hoistway, the following regulations shall apply: cess to a roof or attic space.
C. The clear headroom in machine rooms or machine en-
A. The controller shall be located outside the hoistway. closures located outside the hoistway shall be not less
B. A floor capable of supporting 300 pounds shall be than 6 feet 3 inches.
installed below the machine in hoistways over 9 square 5. Handpower dumbwaiters machines may be located inside the
feet in area. hoistway enclosure at the top or bottom without intervening en-
C. Access to the machine space shall be provided by means closures or platforms.
other than the top hoistway landing door. (c) Electrical Wiring, Pipes and Ducts in Dumbwaiter
D. Access to all parts of the machine shall be provided from Hoistways, Machine Rooms or Machinery Spaces.
the access door, or additional doors, or removable panels 1. Electrical wiring and equipment in dumbwaiter hoistways,
shall be installed in the hoistway enclosure for safe and machine rooms, and machinery spaces shall comply with the State
convenient access to the machine. Electrical Code. See Article 620.
E. Access doors shall be not less than 18 inches in the least 2. The installation of pipes, ducts and wiring shall comply with
dimension, nor less than 4 square feet in area, and shall Section 7-3012.
be kept locked. (d) Dumbwaiter Machinery and Sheave Beams, Supports,
EXCEPTION: Removable panels shall be provided with an elec- and Foundations. Machinery and sheave beams, supports, and
tric contact that will prevent operation of the dumbwaiter when the foundations shall comply with the applicable requirements of Sec-
panel is removed. tion 7-3015.
F. Access to the machine space may be by means of a porta- EXCEPTION: Hand dumbwaiter machines may be supported by
ble ladder provided the bottom of the access door is not wood beams.
more than 8 feet above floor level and the access door is (e) Pits for Dumbwaiters.
located below the room ceiling line. 1. Pits are not required for power or hand dumbwaiters; howev-
G. Access to the machine space shall be by means of a per- er, sufficient pit and bottom clearance shall be provided for rea-
manent ladder or stairs when the bottom of the access sonable overtravel and automatic final stopping.
door is more than 8 feet above floor level or when the ac- 2. Dumbwaiter pits shall be maintained in a reasonably clean
cess door is located above the room ceiling in an attic or and dry condition.
crawl space. (f) Horizontal Car and Counterweight Clearances. Horizon-
(1) Landings at the top of permanent ladders and walk- tal car and counterweight clearances shall conform to Sections
ways in attics or crawl spaces shall be provided. The 7-3018 (a), 7-3018 (b), 7-3018 (c) and 7-3018 (d).
79
7-3079 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

(g) Protection of Spaces Below Hoistways of Dumbwaiters. 24 inches high may be equipped with approved devices to prevent
Where the space below the hoistway is used for a passageway, or is operation of the dumbwaiter with any door or gate open.
occupied by persons, or if unoccupied is not permanently sealed Machinery and Equipment for Hand and Power
against access, the following requirements shall be conformed to: Dumbwaiters.
1. Dumbwaiter cars and their counterweights shall be provided 7-3079.
with safeties which may be operated as a result of the breaking of (a) Dumbwaiter Cars.
the suspension means and which may be of the inertia type without
1. Cars shall be of solid or openwork construction on all sides
governors. The safety may be located in the car or counterweight
except the necessary openings and of such strength and stiffness
crosshead. See Section 7-3079 for test requirements.
that they will not deform appreciably where the load leans or falls
2. The cars and counterweights shall be provided with spring against the sides of the car.
buffers. Oil buffers may be used. 2. Nonmetal cars shall be reinforced with metal from the bottom
A. Spring buffers shall be so designed and installed that of the car to the point of suspension.
they will not be fully compressed when struck by the car EXCEPTION: Hand dumbwaiters.
with its rated load at 125 percent of rated speed, or gov-
3. Metal car sections shall be riveted, welded or bolted together.
ernor tripping speed if a governor is used.
4. The total inside height of the car shall not exceed 4 feet. The
3. Car and counterweight buffer supports shall be of sufficient inside net floor area shall not exceed 9 square feet.
strength to withstand without permanent deformation the impact
resulting from the condition listed in Section 7-3078 (g) 2 A. 5. Cars shall be provided with a platform and a solid car top.
EXCEPTION: Where it can be demonstrated by recognized engi- (b) Structural Capacity Load. Driving machines, car and
neering calculations, submitted in writing by a qualified engineer, that counterweight suspension means, and overhead beams and sup-
the structure over the passageway, vault, or other usable space is capa- ports shall be designed and installed to sustain the car with a struc-
ble of withstanding the impact of the loaded car or the counterweights tural capacity load not less than that specified in Table 7-3079 B,
falling their maximum distance, no safety device or buffers need be
provided. based on the inside net platform area or the rated load, whichever
is greater, with the factors of safety specified in the respective
(h) Protection of Hoistway Landing Openings. rules applying to such parts. The motive power shall not be re-
1. Hoistway landing openings of power dumbwaiters shall be quired to be sufficient to lift the structural capacity load.
provided with hoistway doors or gates which will fill the full height (c) Rated Load.
and width of the openings.
1. The rated load shall be not more than 500 pounds.
2. Hoistway landing openings of hand dumbwaiters having a
landing sill that is less than 30 inches above the floor level shall be (d) Capacity and Data Plates.
protected by doors or gates which will close automatically when 1. A metal plate shall be fastened in a conspicuous place in the
the car leaves the landing. When the doors or gates are arranged car and shall give the rated load in letters and figures not less than
so there is no possibility of a shear, these doors or gates may be full 1/ inch high, stamped, etched or raised on the surface of the plate.
4
automatic.
2. A data plate shall be attached inside or on the car top and indi-
3. The width and height of doors openings for power dumbwait- cate the following:
ers shall not exceed the width and height of the dumbwaiter car by
A. Manufacturer’s name and date of installation.
more than 1 inch in each dimension.
EXCEPTION: One door opening may be of sufficient size to per-
B. Total weight of car.
mit installing and removing the car, but shall be not more than 4 feet C. Rated speed.
9 inches in height.
D. Wire rope data required by Section 7-3042 (b) 1 for
4. The width of door openings for hand dumbwaiters shall not cabled dumbwaiters.
exceed the width of the car by more than 6 inches, and the maxi-
mum height of the opening for any height of car shall be 54 inches. E. The outside diameter and wall thickness of the finished
plunger for hydraulic dumbwaiters.
5. Hoistway gates shall comply with the applicable portions of
Section 7-3020 (c). F. The height of data plate letters and figures shall be not
less than 1/8 inch.
6. Hoistway doors of the horizontal or vertical slide or of the
swing-type, shall be located so there is not more than 4 inches (e) Car and Counterweight Safeties.
from the inside face of the door to the nose of the landing thresh- 1. Car or counterweight safeties are not required except as spe-
old. cified in Section 7-3078 (g).
(i) Hoistway Door Locking Devices. Hoistway doors or gates 2. Governors and governor actuated safeties shall be approved
of power dumbwaiters shall be equipped with interlocks or com- as required for elevators in Design Sections 7-3105 and 7-3106. A
bination mechanical locks and electric contacts (contact locks) field test shall be conducted witnessed by a representative of the
approved for use on dumbwaiters. division.
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Doors or gates of existing dumbwaiters 3. Safeties actuated by breaking or slackening of the hoist ropes
installed with electric contacts provided the landing sill is not less than shall be drop tested on each installation. The test shall be wit-
30 inches above the floor level.
nessed by a representative of the division.
2. Doors or gates of dumbwaiters installed before June 5, 1947 with
approved devices to prevent the operation of the dumbwaiter with any 4. The safety device need not be located below the car or the
door or gate open. counterweight.
3. Existing hydraulic dumbwaiters equipped with semiautomatic or (f) Driving Machines and Sheaves.
full automatic doors or gates.
4. Hoistway doors or gates for dumbwaiters having a capacity of 1. Driving machines shall be located in machine rooms or ma-
20 pounds or less and doors or gates not more than 18 inches wide or chine spaces and shall be one of the following types:
80
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3079
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

A. Drum 5. Guide-rail joints shall be either tongued and grooved or dow-

eled and fitted with splice plates.
B. Traction
(h) Counterweights. Counterweights may be of sectional
C. Screw construction, supported by tie rods provided they are secured by at
D. Plunger least two tie rods. Tie rods shall have lock nuts secured by cotter
pins.
E. Single Belt
(i) Means of Suspension and Fastenings.
F. Chain Drive
1. Cars and counterweights for power dumbwaiters except
2. Driving machines and sheaves shall be designed with a factor those having hydraulic or screw-type driving machines, shall be
of safety, based on the static load (the rated load plus the weight of suspended by one or more iron or steel wire hoisting ropes or
the car, ropes, counterweights, etc.) of not less than: chains secured to the car or counterweight or rope hitch by bab-
bitted sockets, rope clamps, or equally substantial fastenings.
A. 6 for steel, and
A. Suspension ropes shall be provided with a rope data tag
B. 9 for cast iron and other materials. conforming to Section 7-3042 (c).
3. Sheaves and drums used with suspension shall: B. Suspension chains shall be provided with data tags simi-
A. Be of metal with finished grooves, except that grooves lar to Section 7-3042 (c).
of sheaves not used to transmit power, may be lined with 2. Chains, where used, shall be roller, block, or multiple-link si-
rubber or other sound isolating material. lent type.
B. Have a pitch diameter not less than 24 times the diameter 3. The factor of safety, based on the static load, of car and coun-
of the rope where used with suspension ropes. terweight suspension means of power dumbwaiters shall be not
4. Belts used as the driving means between the motor and the less than the value specified in Table 7-3079 I for the actual speed
machine of power dumbwaiters shall comply with the following of the rope or chain corresponding to the rated speed of the dumb-
requirements: waiter. The fastenings for the suspension means shall develop not
less than the factor of safety required for the suspension means.
A. Where flat belts are used, the rated speed shall be not
more than 50 feet per minute. 4. The suspension means for hand dumbwaiters shall conform
to the following:
B. Where multiple V-belts are used, the rated speed shall be
A. Dumbwaiters having a rated load of more than
not more than 150 feet per minute.
75 pounds shall be suspended by steel wire ropes or
5. Electric and hand driven machines shall be equipped with chains having a factor of safety of not less than 41/2.
brakes as follows: B. Dumbwaiters having a rated load of 75 pounds or less
A. Electric driving machines shall have electrically re- may be suspended by manila or braided-cotton ropes
leased brakes applied automatically by springs in com- having a factor of safety not less than 6.
pression or by gravity when the power is removed from 5. Wire ropes shall not be lengthened or repaired by splicing.
the motor.
6. The winding-drum ends of car and counterweight ropes or
B. Belt drive machines shall be equipped with a brake lo- chains shall be secured inside the drum, and there shall be not less
cated so as to be effective in event of belt failure. than one turn of the rope or chain on the drum when the car or
C. Hand driving machines shall be equipped with hand counterweight has reached the extreme limit of its overtravel.
brakes or automatic brakes which will sustain the car (j) Control and Operation of Power Dumbwaiters.
and its rated load. When the brake is applied, it shall re-
main locked in the “ON” position until released by the 1. Operation shall be of the automatic or continuous-pressure
operator. type.
6. Hydraulic driving machines shall conform to Section 7-3067, 2. Dumbwaiters equipped with winding-drum machines, shall
except they may be other than the direct plunger type. be equipped with a slack-rope switch which will remove the power
from the motor and brake if the car is obstructed in its descent.
(g) Car and Counterweight Guides and Guide Fastenings.
EXCEPTION: Dumbwaiters installed before June 5, 1947.
1. Car and counterweight guide rails for power dumbwaiters 3. Operating devices shall be of the enclosed electric-type.
shall be of meal of such design and strength, and so supported as to
withstand without undue deflection the loads imposed upon them 4. When it is intended to discontinue for an extended period of
under normal conditions of service or upon application of a re- time, the use of a dumbwaiter, the car and counterweight shall be
quired safety device. landed satisfactorily and the power shall be disconnected.
EXCEPTION: Dumbwaiters having a capacity of 20 pounds or (k) Terminal Stopping Devices for Power Dumbwaiters.
less may have guides of wood or spring steel wires maintained in Normal terminal stopping devices conforming to the require-
tension. ments of Section 7-3039 (a) shall be provided.
2. Cars and counterweights of all dumbwaiters shall run in EXCEPTION: The switch contacts shall be directly opened me-
guides. The same set of guide rails may be used for both the car and chanically. Arrangements which depend on a spring, or gravity, or a
counterweight. combination of both, to open the switch contacts, shall not be used.

3. Guides shall be securely fastened to the hoistway. (l) Hydraulic Dumbwaiters. Valves, supply piping, fittings
and tanks for hydraulic dumbwaiters shall conform to Sections
4. Guides for hand dumbwaiters may be of wood. 7-3068 and 7-3069.
81
TABLE 7-3079 B 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

TABLE 7-3079 B—MINIMUM ALLOWABLE STRUCTURAL CAPACITY LOAD

CORRESPONDING TO INSIDE NET PLATFORM AREA

NET PLATFORM AREA IN SQUARE FEET STRUCTURAL CAPACITY LOAD IN POUNDS

4 100
5 150
6 1/ 4 300
9 500

TABLE 7-3079 I—FACTORS OF SAFETY FOR WIRE ROPES AND FOR CHAINS

FACTOR OF SAFETY
ROPE OR CHAIN SPEED
FEET PER MINUTE For Ropes For Chains

50 4.8 6.0
100 5.2 6.5
150 5.5 7.9
200 5.9 7.4
250 6.2 7.8
300 6.6 8.3
350 7.0 8.8
400 7.3 9.1
450 7.7 9.6
500 8.0 10.0

82
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3080
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-12.1. Material Lifts and Dumbwaiters with Automatic Transfer Devices

Electric Material Lifts with Automatic Transfer Devices. 4. Section 7-3033 (e). Transfer device on the floor of the lift
7-3080. may serve as a platform. Open areas in the platform shall be cov-
(a) Hoistways, Hoistway Enclosures and Related Construc- ered with solid flooring, grille or perforated metal. Any openings
tion. Hoistway, hoistway enclosures and related construction in such material shall reject a ball 2 inches in diameter. The floor-
shall conform to the requirements of Article 7-7, except as sec- ing shall be designed to sustain a 300 pound load on any square
tions are modified by the following: area 2 feet on a side and 100 pounds at any point. Simultaneous
application of these loads is not required.
1. Section 7-3010. When cutouts are required in doors for the
5. Section 7-3034 (a) 4. Top emergency exits are not required.
accommodation of any part of the transfer device, the fire resist-
ance rating of the closed hoistway entrance assembly shall be 6. Section 7-3034 (c) 1. Grille or perforated construction may
maintained as required by the governing local building code. be used for the full height and top of car enclosure. The car enclo-
sure shall be not less than the height of the hoistway entrance.
2. Section 7-3018 (d). The running clearance between any part
of a car mounted transfer device and the hoistway sill shall be not 7. Section 7-3034 (d) 1. Car doors and gates may be omitted for
less than 1/2 inch. lifts in restricted areas if required by the type of transfer device
used and drawings giving details of the installation are submitted
3. Section 7-3020 (a) 4. This section does not apply. to the division before construction is started.
4. Section 7-3020 (b) 11. Only the following types of entrances 8. Section 7-3034 (f) 1. Vertical sliding car doors may be power
shall be used with material lifts with automatic transfer devices: operated.
A. Horizontal slide, single or multi-section. 9. Section 7-3034 (f) 5. Where the openings exceed 6 feet in
B. Power operated, vertical slide, bi-parting, counterbal- height, the doors or gates shall extend from the car floor to a height
anced. of not less than 6 feet. Where the openings are 6 feet or less in
height, the car doors or gates shall extend from the car floor to the
EXCEPTION: Manual doors are permitted at landings where the full height of the opening.
automatic transfer device is inoperative and carts are transferred
manually. 10. Section 7-3035 (h) 1. Type A safeties are permitted for lifts
5. Section 7-3020 (b) 15. The transfer mechanism or stationary having a rated speed of 200 feet per minute or less.
track shall not project beyond the line of the landing sill unless 11. Section 7-3037 (b) 1. The rated load of the lifts shall be
solid-type guide shoes are provided on the car. based on the weight of the maximum load to be handled or on
A. The running clearance between the car and any projec- 50 pounds per square foot of inside net platform area, whichever is
tion of the transfer mechanism shall not be less than greater.
1/ inch. 12. Section 7-3037 (d). Lifts shall be restricted to handling of
2
6. Section 7-3020 (b) 18. The area of hoistway door vision material only, and shall not be used to carry persons. A sign con-
panels where provided shall be not less than 9 square inches. forming to the requirements of Section 7-3037 (e) 2 and reading
“No Persons Permitted” or an equivalent warning shall be pro-
7. Section 7-3020 (a) 3D. This Section does not apply. vided and shall be mounted in the car.
8. Section 7-3021 (d) 2. In restricted areas only and when ac- 13. Section 7-3037 (e). This section does not apply.
cess to the hoistway doors is blocked by a permanently floor 14. Section 7-3040 (b) 5. An emergency stop switch (switches)
mounted transfer mechanism the hoistway doors shall close and conforming to Section 3040 (b) 5 shall be provided to stop opera-
lock before the car has traveled more than 18 inches away from the tion of the lift, the door operation and transfer device operation.
landing. The emergency stop switch shall be located in the car adjacent to
9. Section 7-3021 (k) 3C. The switch required by this section each entrance in a position that shall be accessible to a person
may be located in the central operating station. standing at the floor adjacent to the car entrance. If a permanently
10. Section 7-3022 (c) 4. mounted transfer device, located at the landing, blocks the en-
trance to the car, an emergency stop switch shall be located at that
A. In nonrestricted areas, all the provisions of Section landing in a position accessible to a person standing near that land-
7-3022 (c) 4 shall apply except Item C. ing in addition to the emergency stop switch in the car.
B. In restricted areas only and when access to the hoistway A. A switch shall be mounted adjacent to each landing en-
doors is blocked by a permanently floor mounted trans- trance that will stop the operation of power operated
fer mechanism, Section 7-3022 (c) 4 does not apply ex- doors and the transfer device at that landing.
cept Section 7-3022 (c) 4F. 15. Section 7-3040 (a). Car operating devices shall not be per-
(b) Machinery and Equipment. The machinery and equip- mitted unless required for maintenance and, if furnished, shall be
ment shall conform to the requirements of Article 8 except Section in a key-locked cabinet or controlled only by a key-operated
7-3041 and except as sections are modified by the following: switch.
1. Section 7-3031 (a) 3. Oil buffers or their equivalent shall be (c) Lifts with Obscured Transfer Devices. Any lift which con-
used where the rated speed is in excess of 300 feet per minute. tains a transfer device not readily visible (e.g., lifts handling self-
propelled carts or with the transfer device mounted fully below
2. Section 7-3031 (c). The rated car speeds that determine the floor with slot operation) shall conform to the requirements of Ar-
buffer strokes specified in the section may be increased by 100 ticle 7-7 and Article 7-8 of these orders and shall be classified as an
feet per minute. elevator. Such elevators are required to have dual control systems.
3. Section 7-3031 (f). The rated car speeds that determine the One shall be for use as a material lift and the other for use as an
buffer strokes specified in the regulation may be increased by 100 elevator. One system shall be locked out of operation when the
feet per minute. other is in use.
83
7-3081 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Hydraulic Material Lifts with Automatic Transfer Devices. (f) Section 7-3079 (b). Structural Capacity Load. Dumbwait-
7-3081. ers with automatic transfer devices which have a net inside plat-
Hydraulic lifts shall conform to the requirements of Article 7-9 form area of 3.75 square feet or more shall be rated for a lifting
except as modified by Sections 7-3080 (a), 7-3080 (b) and 7-3080 load of not less than 300 pounds.
(c). (g) Access Switches. Dumbwaiters required by Section 7-3079
(d) to be provided with safety devices shall be provided with ac-
Power Dumbwaiters with Automatic Transfer Devices. cess switches conforming to Section 7-3021 (k) except that the
7-3082. switch required by Section 7-3021 (k) 3C may be located in the
Power dumbwaiter with automatic transfer devices shall con- central operating station.
form to the requirements of Article 7-12 except as sections are
(h) Car Top Operation. Dumbwaiters required to have access
modified by the following and by the additional orders in this
switches shall be provided with means to operate the dumbwaiter
section.
from the top of the car conforming to Section 7-3040 (a) 4.
(a) Section 7-3078 (i). All hoistway entrances shall be equipped
with approved interlocks. Automatic Transfer Devices.
(b) Section 7-3079 (a) (4). The effective inside height of the car 7-3083.
above or below the transfer device shall not exceed 4 feet. (a) Where used in nonrestricted areas, the automatic transfer de-
vice shall be so designed that the kinetic energy of the load during
(c) Section 7-3079 (a) (5). The transfer device on the floor of
the discharge shall not exceed 30 foot-pounds and the speed shall
the lift shall be permitted to serve as a platform. Open areas in the
not exceed 11/2 feet per second. When the transfer device is
floor shall be covered with solid flooring, grille or perforated met-
mounted on the car, the load shall be capable of being stopped by a
al, and openings in such material shall reject a ball 2 inches in di-
force of 100 pounds. The transfer device shall stop the load at the
ameter and shall support not less than 300 pounds on any square
completion of a discharge operation. A flashing light or a gong
area 2 feet on a side.
shall be actuated on the start of door opening prior to transfer.
(d) Section 7-3079 (e). Safety Devices. Safety devices shall be
provided when the inside net floor area exceeds 6 square feet or the (b) Where the transfer of load is in a nonrestricted area, there
gross load exceeds 1500 pounds. shall be a clearance of not less than 4 feet between the end of the
transferred load and any fixed obstruction in line with the end of
1. Where the gross load (i.e., car transfer device, rated load, the load.
gates, operating devices, etc.) exceeds 1500 pounds, car safeties
EXCEPTION: A clearance of not less than 2 feet will be allowed
conforming to the requirements of Section 7-3080 (b) 10 shall be where the system is arranged to prevent the automatic transfer of more
provided. than one load into the area.
2. Where the gross load does not exceed 1500 pounds and the (c) In nonrestricted areas, discharge shall not take place unless
rated speed does not exceed 100 feet per minute, a safety actuated the area is clear or a protective device or suitable guarding is pro-
by inertia or as the result of the parting of the hoisting ropes may be vided. Guarding means shall be:
provided.
1. Railings or suitable barriers to prevent persons from entering
(e) Section 7-3079 (j). Emergency Stop Switch. An emergen- the path of transfer accidentally or colliding with a discharging
cy stop switch (switches) conforming to Section 7-3040 (b) 5 shall load, or
be provided to stop operation of the lift, and stop the door opera-
tion and transfer device operation. The stop switch shall be located 2. Mechanical or electrical devices designed to prevent or stop
in the car adjacent to each entrance in a position that shall be acces- transfer if a person or object is in the path of the transferring load,
sible to a person standing at the floor adjacent to the car entrances or
and outside the path of the transferred load. A switch or button 3. When transfer load is on a table or section raised not less than
shall be mounted adjacent to each landing entrance that will stop 18 inches above the floor, and load does not overhang the table or
the operation of power operated doors and the transfer device at raised section and the distance between car platform sill and the
that landing. nearest edge of table does not exceed 6 inches.

84
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3084
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-12.2. Incline Elevators

Incline Elevators. EXCEPTION: Incline elevators which do not comply with the reg-
7-3084. ulations of Article 7-7 and 7-8 may be installed if their plans, specifica-
tions, and general arrangement have been approved by the Division of
(a) Hoistway, Hoistway Enclosures, Related Construction, Industrial Safety in writing before construction of the incline elevator
Machinery and Equipment. Hoistway, hoistway enclosures, re- has begun.
lated construction, machinery and equipment for incline elevators
shall conform to the requirements of Article 7-7 and 7-8.

85
7-3085 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-12.6. Screw Type Elevators

Special Purpose Personnel Elevators. Electric Wiring, Pipes and Ducts.

7-3085. 7-3085.2.
(a) Scope. This article applies to elevators permanently Electric wiring, pipes and ducts shall comply with the require-
installed in a wide variety of structures and locations to provide ments of Section 7-3012.
vertical transportation of authorized personnel and their tools and EXCEPTION: Main feeders supplying power for the elevator.
equipment only. Such elevators are typically installed in struc- Horizontal Car and Counterweight Clearances
tures such as grain elevators, radio antenna and bridge towers, un- [Rule 1500.2]
derground facilities, dams, power plants, moving and stationary 7-3085.3.
cranes, derricks and similar structures where, by reason of their
limited use and the types of construction of the structures served, (a) Horizontal car and counterweight clearances shall conform
full compliance with Articles 7-7 and 7-8 is not practical or neces- to the requirements of Section 7-3018 and subsection 7-3085.6
sary. (a).
(b) Where the distance between the car sill and the facia, where
(b) Nonguided or wire-rope guided hoists are prohibited except provided, or the building structure exceeds 7 inches (178 mm), the
that wire-rope guided special purpose personnel elevators may be car door or gate shall be equipped with an interlock or contact
used in chimney and stack type construction provided the elevator lock.
is:
Pits, Runby and Top Clearances [Rule 1500.3]
1. Designed by a civil or mechanical engineer registered in Cali- 7-3085.4.
fornia; (a) Pits.
2. The elevator is erected under the supervision of a qualified 1. A pit shall be provided for every elevator. In every pit a stop
engineer; switch conforming to the requirements of subsection 7-3040 (b) 7
shall be provided. [1500.3a]
3. The engineering design and calculations have been approved
by the Division prior to installations and 2. Access to pits over 3 feet (.91 m) above or below the pit access
door shall comply with the requirements of subsection 7-3016 (d)
4. A valid operating permit has been issued by the Division prior 4 and 5.
to use of the elevator. 3. Pits shall be equipped and maintained to comply with the re-
(c) Elevators in manholes or similar difficult structures, which quirements of subsections 7-3016 (e), (f) and (g), except that the
do not fully comply with this Article, may be installed provided light may be omitted if the elevator is exterior to the building.
the four conditions listed in subsection 7-3085 (b) are met. 4. Where necessary because liquid can collect, design and
construction of pits shall comply with the requirements of subsec-
(d) This article applies to new and existing special purpose per- tion 7-3016 (b).
sonnel elevators.
(b) Protection of spaces below hoistways not extending to the
EXCEPTION: Special purpose personnel elevators previously al- lowest level of the structure shall conform to the applicable re-
lowed by variance. quirements of Section 7-3019. [1500.3b]
NOTE: Numbers indicated in brackets following an order refer to (c) Bottom runby shall conform to the requirements of subsec-
the corresponding ANSI A17.1-1981 rule number.
tions 7-3017 (a), (b), (c) and (d). [1500.3c]
Hoistways and Hoistway Enclosures [Rule 1500.1] (d) There shall be a clearance of not less than 30 inches (762
7-3085.1. mm) from the highest projection of the car top and/or the cross-
head and the nearest part of the overhead structure, when the coun-
(a) Hoistways adjacent to and within 4 feet (1.22 m) of areas terweight is resting on its fully compressed buffer. For rack and
permitting passage of people (e.g., passageways, stairwells, ele- pinion elevators without counterweights, there shall be a clear-
vator landings) shall be enclosed to a height of not less than 8 feet ance of not less than 30 inches (762 mm) from the highest projec-
(2.44 m) above the floor or stair treads. The enclosure shall be of tion of the car top and the nearest part of the overhead structure,
sufficient strength to prevent contact between the enclosure mate- when the car has reached the uppermost limit of its travel.
rial and the car or counterweight when the enclosure is subjected [1500.3d]
to a force of 250 pounds (113 kg) applied at right angles at any
point over an area of 4 inches (102 mm) by 4 inches (102 mm). (e) A floor conforming to the requirements of subsection
Openwork enclosures may be used and shall reject a ball 1 inch 7-3010(d) shall be provided at the top of the hoistway. [1500.3e]
(24 mm) in diameter and shall be so located as to provide at least Overhead Machinery Beams and Supports [Rule 1500.4]
4 inches (102 mm) between the outside of the enclosure and the 7-3085.5.
closest member of any moving object inside the enclosure. Enclo-
sures within 4 inches (102 mm) of moving equipment shall have (a) All machinery and sheaves shall be so supported and secured
no openings exceeding 1/2 inch (13 mm) in diameter. as to effectively prevent any part from becoming loose or dis-
placed.
(b) The Division shall be provided with engineering details and (b) If bolts in tension are used, the bolts shall be provided with
drawings approved by a California registered engineer, competent lock nuts (double nutted) and a cotter pin at the end.
in this field, showing the adequacy of the supporting members,
foundations and building attachments to safely withstand the (c) Beams directly supporting machinery shall be of steel or re-
forces generated during normal operation and safety tests. The inforced concrete.
installation of the elevator shall be in conformance with these (d) Machinery or equipment shall be secured to and supported
plans and details. on, or from the top of overhead beams or floors.
86
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3085.6
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

EXCEPTIONS: 1. Secondary or deflecting sheaves of traction (57 mm). The distance between the hoistway faces of the landing
elevators. door or gate and the car door or gate shall not exceed 51/4 inches
2. Devices and their accessories for limiting or retarding car speed. (133 mm). [1500.6f]
3. Driving machines on the car.
(f) Power operated hoistway entrance doors shall be unperfor-
(e) Cast iron in tension shall not be used for supporting members ated and shall meet the requirements of Section 7-3022.
for sheaves where they are hung beneath beams. [1500.4a]
Operating Devices and Control Equipment [Rule 1501]
(f) The total load on overhead beams shall be equal to the weight
of all apparatus resting on the beams plus twice the maximum load 7-3085.8.
suspended from the beams. [1500.4b] (a) Operating devices and control equipment shall conform to
NOTE: The object in doubling the suspended load is to allow for
the requirements of Section 7-3040 except subsection 7-3040 (a)
impact, accelerating stresses, etc. 4, top of car operating devices.
1. The load resting on the beams shall include the complete (b) A top of car operating station may be provided and, if pro-
weights of the driving machine, sheaves, controller, etc. vided, shall conform to the requirements of Section 7-3040 (a) 4.
2. The load suspended from the beams shall include the sum of Locking Devices for Hoistway Doors or Gates [Rule 1501.2]
the tensions in all ropes suspended from the beams. 7-3085.9.
(g) The factor of safety for overhead beams and their supports Hoistway doors or gates shall be provided with approved hoist-
shall be not less than 5 for steel and 6 for reinforced concrete. way-door interlocks complying with Section 7-3021.
[1500.4c] EXCEPTION: Stationary cam, zoned interlocks may be used on
(h) Overhead beams and supports shall conform to the require- two landing, two opening installations where permitted by the division.
ments of Section 7-3015. [1500.4d] Operation [Rule 1501.3]
Counterweights [Rule 1500.5] 7-3085.10.
7-3085.6. Operation shall be one of the following:
(a) Where a counterweight runway is not in the same hoistway (a) Continuous-pressure.
as the car, a enclosure meeting the requirements of Section (b) Momentary-pressure with up-down, or call-send, buttons or
7-3085.1 shall be provided. switches in the car and at each landing.
(b) Access shall be provided for inspection, maintenance and (c) Single-automatic-push button.
repair of an enclosed counterweight and its ropes. Doors in the
counterweight enclosures shall be self-closing and shall be pro- (d) Selective-collective. [1501.3a]
vided with: Car Guide Rails and Guide Rail Fastenings [Rule 1502.1]
1. An electric contact, the opening of which will remove power 7-3085.11.
from the elevator driving machine motor and brake; and (a) Guide rail and guide rail fastenings shall be of steel.
2. A self-locking keyed tumbler lock. [1500.5b] [1502.1a]
(c) When the counterweight is in the same hoistway as the car, a EXCEPTION: Where steel may present a hazard, as in chemical or
explosive atmospheres, guide rails may be of selected wood or other
guard meeting the requirements of subsection 7-3013 (b) shall be suitable nonferrous materials.
provided.
(b) Guide rails shall be securely fastened, shall not deflect more
Hoistway Doors and Gates [Rule 1500.6] than 1/4 inches (6 mm) under normal operation and shall have their
7-3085.7. joints well fitted and strongly secured. Guide rails, and their joints
and fastenings shall withstand, without failure, the application of
(a) Where hoistway doors or gates are required, the full width of
the car safety when stopping the car with its rated load. [1502.1b]
each landing opening shall be protected to its full height, or 8 feet
(2.44 m), whichever is less, by doors or gates. The entire entrance (c) Guide rails shall extend from the bottom of the hoistway to a
assembly shall be capable of withstanding a force of 250 pounds sufficient height above the top landing to prevent the guide shoes
(113 kg) applied on the landing site at right angles to, and approxi- from running off the rails when the car or counterweight is at its
mately at, the center of a panel. This force shall be distributed over extreme upper position. [1502.1c]
an area of 4 inches (102 mm) by 4 inches (102 mm). There shall be (d) For rack and pinion elevators adequate provisions shall be
no permanent displacement or deformation of any parts of the en- made to prevent an ascending car from running off the guides and
trance assembly resulting from this test. Openwork entrances mast to prevent disengagement of the safety pinion from the rack
shall reject a ball 1 inch (25 mm) in diameter. [1500.6a] where a rack and pinion car holding safety is used.
(b) The hoistway face of the landing doors or gates shall not
Car and Counterweight Buffers [Rule 1502.2]
project into the hoistway beyond the landing sill. No hardware, ex-
cept that required for door locking devices or contacts, signals or 7-3085.12.
door-operating devices, shall project into the hoistway beyond the (a) Car and counterweight buffers shall be provided and shall
line of the landing sill. [1500.6b] conform to the applicable requirements of Section 7-3031.
(c) Hoistway doors or gates shall be so arranged that it will not (b) For rack and pinion elevators, spring buffers, where used,
be necessary to reach behind any panel or jamb to operate them. shall be so designed and installed that they will not be fully com-
[1500.6d] pressed when struck by the car with its rated load at governor trip-
ping speed where the safety is governor operated, or at 125 percent
(d) Hangers conforming to the requirements of subsection of rated speed where the safety is not governor operated. Kinetic
7-3020 (b) (17) shall be provided. [1500.6e] energy from the drive unit shall be taken into account in the design
(e) The distance between the hoistway doors or gates and the calculations. The effect of the counterweight, where used, may
hoistway edge of the landing sill shall not exceed 21/4 inches also be taken into account in the design calculations.
87
7-3085.13 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Counterweight Guiding and Construction [Rule 1502.3] 1. The exit opening shall have an area of not less than 352 inch-
7-3085.13. es2 (0.227m2), and shall not measure less than 16 inches (406 mm)
on any side.
(a) Counterweights shall be guided to prevent horizontal move-
ment. Guide rails, where used, shall conform to the requirements 2. The exit shall be so located as to provide a clear passageway
of Section 7-3085.11. [1502.3a] unobstructed by fixed elevator equipment located in, or on top of,
the car.
(b) A car counterweight on drum machines shall not be of suffi-
cient weight to cause slackening of any car hoisting rope during 3. The exit shall open outward and shall be hinged, or otherwise
acceleration or retardation of the car. [1502.3b] attached to the car top.
(c) Types of Counterweight Construction [1502.3c] 4. The exit cover shall be equipped with a switch or contact that,
when opened, will cause a device to remove power from the ma-
1. One-piece solid or laminated steel counterweights may be chine motor and brake. The exit cover switch or contact shall be of
used. a manual reset type. [1502.5d]
2. The counterweight sections, if sections are used, whether car- (e) Where the machine or control panel are located on the car
ried in a frame or not, shall be fastened together by at least two tie top, the following shall be provided:
rods which shall pass through all weight sections. Tie rods shall be
provided with lock nuts (double nutted) and cotter pins at each 1. Standard guardrails and toeboard;
end. 2. Worklight, light switch and convenience outlet; and
EXCEPTION: Tie rods are not required where other means are 3. Car top operating station conforming to subsection 7-3040
provided to retain weight sections in place if they become broken. (a) (4).
Car Construction [Rule 1502.4] Car Doors or Gates [Rule 1502.6]
7-3085.14. 7-3085.16.
(a) Elevator car frames shall be constructed of metal. Elevator (a) A car door or gate shall be provided at each entrance to the
car platforms shall be constructed of metal or a combination metal car which, when closed, shall guard the opening to its full height.
and wood. Where wood is used, the platform shall conform to the Car doors may be of solid or openwork construction which will re-
requirements of subsection 7-3033 (f). Car frames and platforms ject a ball 1 inch (25 mm) in diameter. Collapsible car gates shall
shall have a factor of safety of not less than 5, based on the rated comply with subsection 7-3034 (e) (5).
load. [1502.4a]
(b) A car door or gate contact meeting the requirements of sub-
(b) Cast iron shall not be used in the construction of any member section 7-3034 (d) (2) shall be provided.
of the car frame or platform other than for guide shoes and guide-
shoe brackets. [1502.4b] Car Safeties and Governors [Rule 1502.7]
(c) Glass except for glass meeting the requirements of subsec- 7-3085.17.
tion 7-3034 (a) 7, shall not be used inside elevator cars except for (a) Traction and drum type elevators suspended by wire ropes
the car light and accessories necessary for the operation of the car shall be provided with an approved car safety capable of stopping
or for car door vision panels which, if provided, shall conform to and sustaining the car with rated load. Safeties, testing, and mark-
the requirements of subsection 7-3034 (b) 4. [1502.4c] ing plates shall comply to the requirements of Section 7-3035.
[1502.7a]
(d) The car shall not have more than one compartment unless
approved by the division prior to installation. [1502.4d] (b) The car safety shall be actuated by an approved speed gover-
nor. The governor, governor rope, and operation shall conform to
(e) All material or personnel to be transported shall be totally the requirements of Section 7-3036.
within the car compartment and a suitable sign to this effect shall
be posted. (c) The speed governor shall be located where it cannot be
struck by the car or counterweight in case of overtravel and where
Car Enclosures [Rule 1502.5] there is sufficient space for full movement of the governor parts.
7-3085.15. (d) Rack and pinion type elevators shall be provided with one or
(a) Except at the entrance, cars shall be fully enclosed with more safeties acceptable to the division. The safeties shall be at-
metal at sides and top. The enclosure at the sides shall be solid or of tached to the car frame or supporting structure. All car safeties
openwork which will reject a ball of 1 inch (25 mm) in diameter. shall be mounted on a single car frame and shall operate on one
Glass, or other transparent materials, if used as part of the enclo- pair of guide members or on one vertical rack. [1502.7b]
sure, shall comply with the requirements of subsection 7-3034 (b) 1. Stopping Distances. The travel of the car, measured from the
5. The minimum clear height inside the car shall be 78 inches (1.98 point at which the governor trips to the point of full stop shall not
m). [1502.5a] exceed the following values: (for higher speeds, see Section
(b) The car enclosure shall be secured to the platform in such a 7-3085.19 exception)
manner that it cannot work loose or become displaced in regular A. For car safeties: 64 inches (1.63 m).
service. [1502.5b]
B. For counterweight: 78 inches (1.98 m).
(c) Each car shall be provided with an electric light and a light
control switch. The light shall provide illumination of at least 2. A metal plate shall be securely attached to each safety so as to
21/2 footcandles (27 lx) at the landing edge of the car platform. Car be readily visible and shall comply with the requirements of sub-
lights and convenience outlets shall be fed from a separate branch section 7-3035 (n).
circuit, independent of the motor circuit power feeders. [1502.5c] 3. Governor ropes shall conform to the requirements of subsec-
(d) When car size and construction permit, an emergency exit tion 7-3036 (e), when applicable.
with a cover shall be provided in the top of the elevator car enclo- (e) The motor-control circuit and the brake-control circuit shall
sure conforming to the following requirements: be opened before, or at the time, the safety applies. [1502.7c]
88
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3085.18
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

(f) A car safety device which depends upon the completion or (e) Friction-gearing or clutch mechanisms shall not be used for
maintenance of an electric circuit for the application of the safety connecting the drum or sheaves to the main driving mechanism.
shall not be used. Car safeties shall be applied mechanically. [1502.10e]
[1502.7d] (f) Worms and worm gears made of cast iron shall not be used.
(g) The minimum factors of safety and stresses of safety parts [1502.10f]
and any associated rope connections shall comply with Section (g) Driving machines shall be equipped with brakes meeting the
7-3035 (1). [1502.7e] requirements of Section 7-3038 (h). [1502.10g]
Capacity and Data Plates [Rule 1502.8] (h) A single ground or short circuit, a counter-voltage or a motor
7-3085.18. field discharge shall not prevent the brake magnet from allowing
the brake to set when the operating device is placed in the stop
(a) Capacity and data plates, conforming to the requirements of position. [1502.10h]
Section 7-3037 (c), shall be provided.
(i) A permanent, safe and convenient means of access to eleva-
EXCEPTION: For cars having no crosshead, the data plate shall be
located inside the car.
tor machine rooms and overhead machinery spaces shall be pro-
vided for authorized personnel. [1502.10i]
(b) A conspicuous sign shall be posted that will convey the mes-
sage that use of the elevator is limited to authorized personnel Suspension Means [Rule 1502.11]
only. 7-3085.21.
Limitation of Load, Speed and Platform Area [Rule 1502.9] (a) Suspension means shall consist of not less than two wire
ropes. Only iron (low-carbon steel) or steel wire ropes having the
7-3085.19. commercial classification “Elevator Wire Rope”, or wire rope
(a) The rated load shall not exceed 650 pounds (294 kg). specifically constructed for elevator use, shall be used for the sus-
(b) The inside net platform area shall not exceed nine (9) feet2 pension of elevator cars and for the suspension of counterweights.
(0.84 m2). The wire material for ropes shall be manufactured by the open-
hearth or electric furnace process or their equivalent. [1502.11a]
(c) The minimum rated load shall not be less than that based on (b) The minimum diameter of any suspension rope shall be not
70 pounds/feet2 (3.35 kPa) of inside net platform area or 250 less than 3/8 inch (9.5 mm). [1502.11b]
pounds (113 kg) whichever is greater.
(c) Rope data shall be indicated on the crosshead data plate as
(d) The rated speed shall not exceed 100 feet per minute (0.51 required by Section 7-3042 (b).
m/s).
(d) A rope data tag shall be provided that meets the require-
EXCEPTION: The capacity and/or speed may be increased if the ments of Section 7-3042 (c).
Division approves and the approval shall be based on data submitted
before installation or alteration indicating compliance with the applica- (e) The factor of safety of the suspension means shall conform
ble requirements of Section 7-3000 (h), Major Alterations. For rack to Section 7-3042 (e) passenger elevators. [1502.11c]
and pinion type elevators the data submitted shall include engineering
details and calculations where applicable. (f) The arc of contact of a wire rope on a traction sheave and the
shape of the grooves shall be sufficient to produce adequate trac-
Driving Machines and Sheaves [Rule 1502.10] tion under all load conditions. [1502.11d]
7-3085.20. (g) All wire ropes anchored to a winding drum shall have not
(a) Driving machines shall be of the traction, drum, screw, or less than one full turn of rope on the drum when the car or counter-
rack and pinion type. The installation of belt-drive and chain- weight has reached its limit of possible over-travel, including a
drive machines is prohibited. [1502.10a] fully compressed buffer. Each turn of the wire rope on the winding
1. Screw machines shall conform to the requirements of Section drum shall be in a separate groove on the drum. [1502.11e]
7-3088. (h) No car or counterweight rope shall be lengthened or repaired
2. The rack and pinion drive shall consist of one or more power- by splicing. If one wire rope of a set is worn or damaged and re-
driven rotating pinions mounted on the car and arranged to travel quires replacement, the entire set of ropes shall be replaced.
on a stationary vertical rack mounted in the hoistway. The drive [1502.11f]
shall have at least one pinion, one rack, and two backup rollers. (i) The winding-drum ends of car and counterweight wire ropes
The pinions and rack shall be of steel with a minimum safety fac- shall be secured by clamps on the inside of the drum or by one of
tor of eight for the pinion and the rack. Driving machines located the methods specified in Section 7-3085.20 (h) for fastening wire
within the car shall be fully enclosed with solid or openwork metal ropes to car or counterweight. [1502.11g]
which shall reject a ball 1/2 inch (13 mm) in diameter and which (j) The car or counterweight ends of wire ropes shall be fastened
shall be locked. as required by Section 7-3042.
(b) Winding drums, traction sheaves and overhead and deflect- Emergency Signal and/or Communication [Rule 1502.12]
ing sheaves shall be of cast iron or steel and of a pitch diameter of
not less than 30 times the diameter of the wire suspension ropes. 7-3085.22.
The rope grooves shall be machined. [1502.10b] Each elevator shall be equipped with an alarm button or switch
in the car operating station and an alarm device mounted in a loca-
EXCEPTION: Where 8 × 19 steel ropes are used on a drum type
machine installation, the pitch diameter of drums and sheaves may be
tion which shall be readily available to a person who is normally
reduced to 21 times the diameter of the rope. situated in the vicinity when the elevator is in use, or a means or
voice communication with a receiving station which is always at-
(c) The factor of safety for driving machines and sheaves shall
tended when the installation is in use. If the alarm device or means
conform to the requirements of Section 7-3038 (c). [1502.10c]
or voice communication is normally activated by utility power
(d) Bolts transmitting torque and set screws shall conform to the supply, it shall be backed up by a manual or battery operated
requirements of Section 7-3038 (d). [1502.10d] device.
89
7-3087 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-12.7. Vertical and Inclined Reciprocating Conveyors

Application. Guarded. Shielded, fenced, enclosed or otherwise protected by

7-3087. means of suitable enclosure, covers, casing shields, troughs, rail-
ings or by nature of location as to reduce forseeable injury.
(a) This Article applies to the design, construction, installation,
use, operation, maintenance and inspection of vertical or inclined Guarded by Location. Describes moving parts so protected by
reciprocating conveyors equipped with a platform or carrier and their remoteness from the floor, platform, walkway or other work-
intended for moving inanimate objects and/or material only. ing level, or by their location with reference to frame, foundation
or structure as to reduce the forseeable risk of accidental contact
(b) The orders of this Article establish minimum requirements by persons or objects.
and take precedence over any other safety orders with which they
are inconsistent. Machines, equipment, and operations not specif- Nip Point. A point at which moving or rotating machinery com-
ically covered by these orders shall be governed by applicable ponents may entrap persons or objects by nipping, pinching or
General Industry Safety Orders. squeezing.
NOTE: Corresponding paragraph references to ASME Platform or Carrier. The moving part of a vertical or inclined
B20.1-1990 are shown in brackets. All references apply strictly to ver- reciprocating conveyor that supports the load.
tical or inclined reciprocating conveyors. All automated systems asso-
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
ciated with conveyors are excluded from this Article.
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943, Health and Safety
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Code.
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943, Health and Safety
Code. Safety Considerations.
Definitions. 7-3087.2.
(a) Vertical or inclined reciprocating conveyor equipment shall
7-3087.1.
be used to convey materials within the manufacturer’s rated ca-
Actuator. A manually operated device that initiates the action pacity and speed. [5.1]
of controls or controllers.
(b) Means shall be provided to prevent injury to persons in the
Antirunaway (Safety Stop). A safety device to stop and hold event of mechanical or electrical failure, where the effect of gravi-
the uncontrolled descent of a platform or carrier. ty will allow uncontrollable lowering of the load and where this
Backstop. A mechanical device to prevent reversal of a loaded load will cause a hazard to persons. [5.5 and 6.6.1]
vertical or inclined reciprocating conveyor under action of gravity (c) Riding vertical or inclined reciprocating conveyors shall be
when upward travel is interrupted. forbidden to all persons. [6.6.1]
Bracing. Structural members used to stabilize the supporting 1. Warning signs to this effect shall be conspicuously and se-
structure. curely posted at each point of access to platform or carrier.
Brake. A friction device for slowing down conveyor compo- 2. Lettering shall be not less than 2 in. (51 mm) high on a con-
nents, bringing conveyor equipment to a controlled stop, holding trasting background.
traveling equipment at a selected landing, preventing reverse trav- NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
el and controlling overspeed due to the action of gravity. Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943, Health and Safety
Code.
Control. The system governing the starting, stopping, direction
of motion, acceleration, speed, retardation identification and Electrical Code.
function of the moving member in a predetermined manner. 7-3087.3.
Controller. An electromechanical device or assembly of de- All electrical installations and wiring shall conform to the Cali-
vices for starting, stopping, accelerating or decelerating a drive, or fornia Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 3, California Electrical
serving to govern in a predetermined manner the power delivered Code.
to the drive. NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943, Health and Safety
Conveyor Vertical or Inclined. A hydraulically or mechani- Code.
cally powered reciprocating device exclusively designed for mov-
ing freight (not to carry passengers or an operator) vertically or on Controls.
an incline between two or more landings. 7-3087.4.
Counterweight. Weights in a structural frame used to balance (a) Controls shall be remotely installed so as to be inaccessible
or impose a load. from the platform or carrier. [6.6.1 and 6.21.2 (e)]
Drive. An assembly of the necessary structural, mechanical and (b) Control stations shall be provided for each landing or lo-
electrical parts that provides the motive power. cated near the access point to the platform or carrier.
Emergency Stop. A stop resulting from a sudden and unex- (c) The area around the starting and stopping devices shall be
pected need, and not as part of the normal operation. kept free of obstruction to permit ready access.
Emergency Stop Switch. A device that must be actuated in an 1. Whenever a solid access door is used, audible or visible
emergency situation to stop a conveyor. means shall be provided at each landing to indicate the platform or
carrier arrival.
Enclosed. Describes the guarding of moving parts in such a
2. The area around the control stations shall be kept free of ob-
manner that physical contact by parts of the body is precluded as
struction to permit ready access. [5.12 (b)]
long as the guard remains in place.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
Guard. A covering or barricade to prevent entry into operating Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943, Health and Safety
components such as gear, chain or nip points. Code.

90
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3087.5
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Operation. 1. Section 7-3010. (Hoistway Enclosures). Safe access to the

7-3087.5. hoist machines located on the car or in the pit shall be provided
(a) Only persons authorized by the owner shall be permitted to from the machine room at the lowest landing or pit level. The
operate vertical or inclined reciprocating conveyors. [5.12] access door shall be electrically interlocked to prevent operation
of the car when the door is not closed and locked.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943, Health and Safety 2. Section 7-3011. (Machine Room).
Code. A. Hoist motors, rotors, brakes and reduction gears may be
Guarding. located on the car top or in the pit provided.
7-3087.6. (1) Hoist machines located on the car top are perma-
(a) Vertical or inclined reciprocating conveyors shall be nently enclosed so they are inaccessible from the car
guarded so as to prevent injury from inadvertent physical contact. top.
The enclosure shall be not less than 8 ft. (2.44 m) high and (2) Access to drive machines mounted on the car or lo-
constructed of a metal mesh that will reject a ball 2 in. (51 mm) in cated in the pit is from the bottom level machine
diameter. [6.6.2] room only. An enclosure shall separate the drive unit
(b) Vertical or inclined reciprocating conveyor enclosures shall on the car or in the pit from the machine room.
be equipped with doors or gates or equivalent device at each Access doors shall comply with the requirements of
manual loading and unloading station, interlocked so that they can Section 7-3088 (a) 1.
be opened only when the platform or carrier has stopped at that B. Screw fastening, car lowering mechanisms and car over
level and the platform or carrier cannot be moved until they are speed governors may be housed in a removable enclo-
closed. [6.21.2] sure secured against unauthorized access.
(c) Where the application requires that personnel walk onto the C. Where the drive unit of a screw type elevator is located
platform or carrier to load or unload, the platform or carrier shall in the elevator pit, a permanent means shall be provided
be provided with standard railings with midrail, kickplate and in the pit to support the car and platform during repairs or
snap chains across operating ends or equivalent guarding. [6.21.2 adjustments of the unit. Clear head room under the plat-
(d)] form shall be not less than 7 feet 10 inches when the
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: elevator is landed on the supports.
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943, Health and Safety
Code.
3. Section 7-3017. (Top and bottom runbys and clearances).
A. Elevator top and bottom clearances and runbys shall
Counterweights.
comply with Section 7-3017 for elevators with electric
7-3087.7. drive motors and Section 7-3054 for elevators with hy-
(a) Whenever counterweights are used, to protect persons in the draulic drive motors.
event of failure of the normal counterweight support, counter-
B. The bottom runby required by Section 7-3088 (a) 3 may
weights shall be confined in an enclosure to prevent the presence
be eliminated where spring buffers complying with Sec-
of persons beneath the counterweight, or the arrangement shall
tion 7-3088 (b) 1C are provided and the speed of the
provide a means to restrain the falling counterweight. [5.8]
elevator as it approaches the landing is not more than
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: 10 feet per minute and the spring buffers are not com-
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943, Health and Safety pressed under normal operating conditions.
Code.
4. Section 7-3018. Horizontal clearances shall comply with
Maintenance and Service. Section 7-3055.
7-3087.8.
5. Section 7-3019. Protection of spaces below pits shall con-
(a) Maintenance and service shall be performed by qualified form to the applicable portions of Section 7-3056.
and trained personnel. [5.2 (a)]
(b) Machinery and Equipment. The machinery and equip-
(b) Where the lack of maintenance or service would cause a haz- ment for elevators with screw type machines shall conform to the
ardous condition, the user shall establish a maintenance program requirements of Article 74 except as sections are modified by the
to ensure that conveyor components are maintained in a condition following:
that does not constitute a hazard to personnel.
1. Section 7-3031. (Car buffers)
(c) Where a conveyor is stopped for maintenance or service, the
starting devices, prime movers, or power accessories shall be A. Spring buffers used on elevators with screw type drive
locked or tagged out in accordance with the procedures indicated machines shall be so designed and installed that they
in California Code of Regulations, Title 8, General Industry Safe- will not be fully compressed when struck by the car with
ty Orders, Section 3314. [5.2 (d)] its rated load at governor tripping speed.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: B. Buffer design shall consider the energy of the rotating
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943, Health and Safety machinery and shall provide an average deceleration of
Code. not more than 1.0q for oil buffers and a maximum decel-
Screw Type Elevators. eration of 2.0q for spring buffers.
7-3088. C. Where recoil of the car upon impact with the spring buff-
(a) Hoistways, Hoistway Enclosures and Related Construc- ers is detrimental to the screw, dampening shall be pro-
tion. Hoistway, hoistway enclosures and related construction vided by means of a hydraulic or pneumatic device to
shall conform to the requirements of Article 7-7, except as the re- eliminate any recoil.
quirements for elevators with screw type hoisting means are mod- D. Calculations satisfactory to the division shall be pro-
ified by the following: vided for each spring buffer design and rating.
91
7-3088 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

2. Section 7-3063. (Car frames and platforms). Car frames E. Machines in which the screw is stationary shall have the
and platforms shall comply with Section 7-3063. screw restrained at both the top and bottom ends to pre-
3. Sections 7-3035 and 7-3036. Car safeties and over speed vent the screw from rotating except when the car is being
governors. Screw elevators whose screws have not been shown to lowered as required by Section 7-3088 (b) 3D.
be capable of supporting 125 percent of the rated load and the car F. The screw shall be supported vertically and horizontally
weight both in compression and tension shall be provided with car in such a way as to eliminate those forces or torques not
safety and over speed devices of an approved type. Car safeties taken into consideration in the design. Factors of safety
and governors shall comply with the requirements of Section required by Section 7-3104 shall be based on loads when
7-3035 for safeties and Section 7-3036 for governors. lifting 125 percent of rated load.
4. Section 7-3038. Screw machines shall comply with the re-
quirements of Section 7-3068, Section 7-3104 and Section 7-3036 G. Drawings showing details of the entire screw machine
except subsections (a) and (b). and appropriate calculations by a California Registered
Engineer shall be provided before the first machine of a
A. In the design of screw machines, the load to be used in kind and rating is installed and when requested by the
computing factors of safety shall be the maximum load Division. The calculations shall show the stress in all
imposed when lifting 125 percent of the rated load. critical support members and major components of the
B. For design purposes, screw machines shall include hoist machine. Where screws are spliced, the details of the
and pump motors, gear boxes, sprockets, brakes, brake splice shall be acceptable to the division.
drums or discs, screws, screw supports and fastening, ro-
tors, lowering mechanisms, pumps, hoses, and other H. The hoist machine brake shall be located so there is no
equipment necessary to raise and lower the elevator. coupling between the brake and screw or rotor.
C. The hoisting screws of screw machines shall have a fac- I. Belts and chains shall not be used except where
tor of safety of not less than 15 based on combined ten- multiple-link silent chain is enclosed in a transmission
sion and torsion stresses when lifting 125 percent of housing. When multiple-link silent chain is used, its
rated load and combined compression and torsion wear shall be monitored with a chain switch to remove
stresses when the screw is supporting 125 percent of power from the drive machine motor and brake when
rated load when used as a column. chain wear or etch becomes excessive.
D. Where the rotor or nut travels with the elevator, the ma- J. Hoist machine brakes shall be released electrically or
chine except for the screw, shall be inaccessible from the hydraulically and applied by springs.
elevator car top and from outside the hoist way. Provi-
sions shall be incorporated in the design of such a system K. A flexible hose supplying high pressure fluid to the
for manually lowering the elevator, from the bottom ma- hoisting rotor motor shall comply with requirements of
chine room, to gain access to the machine. This manual Section 7-3068 (a) 3 except that where the failure of a
control shall be fail safe and have a dead-man control. hose will not result in lowering the car the hose shall
The lowering means shall be adjustable so the lowering have a bursting strength sufficient to withstand only
speed is less than one-half rated speed with rated load on 4 times the working pressure and shall be tested in the
the car and shall stop and hold a load of 125 percent of factory or in the field prior to installation of a pressure of
rated load. This adjustment shall be set and sealed at the at least 2 times the working pressure. Flexible hoses
time of the initial inspection and at periods not exceed- shall in addition to other criteria be designed to with-
ing 5 years. stand the flexing to which they are subjected.

92
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3089
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-13. Escalators

Construction Requirements. 5. Existing escalators shall comply with the following:

7-3089. A. Skirt deflection devices to protect against the accidental
(a) Protection of Floor Openings. The protection of floor entrapment of body parts, clothing, shoes, etc., shall be
openings and the means of enclosing escalators, which may or installed; or
may not be a part of the required egress system of the building, B. Clearances between the skirt and the step shall comply
shall conform to governing building codes and are not considered with ASME A 17.1-1996, Rule 802.3e, hereby incorpo-
part of the Elevator Safety Orders. rated by reference; and the skirt panel shall comply with
(b) Angle of Inclination. The angle of inclination shall be not ASME A17.1-1996, Rule 802.3f, hereby incorporated
more than 30 degrees from the horizontal. by reference.
(c) Geometry. C. The escalator shall be inspected by the Division, follow-
ing the completion of Section 7-3089 (d) 5. A. or B., and
1. The width of the escalator shall be the width of the step tread a new permit to operate issued. Escalator owners shall
(to the next whole inch). have three years from April 12, 2000, to comply with
2. The handrail shall be a minimum of 4 inches (102 mm) hori- Section 7-3089 (d) 5.
zontally and 1 inch (25 mm) vertically away from adjacent sur- 6. If provided, the skirt deflection device shall comply with the
faces. The centerline of the handrail shall be not more than 10 following:
inches (254 mm), measured horizontally, from the vertical plane A. The rigid portion of the device shall not rise more than
through the edge of the exposed step. 3/ inch from the parent surface of the balustrade.
4
3. The following applies to escalators installed between April B. The plans, drawings and specifications on the planned
16, 1970, and the effective date of Sections 7-3089 (c) 1 and 2, un- installation of the deflection device shall be submitted to
less they have been brought into compliance with subsections the Division for review before the deflection device is
7-3089 (c) 1 and 2. installed. The Division shall review the plans, drawings
The width between balustrades shall be measured on the incline and specifications to ensure the planned installation and
at a point 27 inches vertically above the nose line of the steps, and subsequent operation does not conflict with other re-
shall not be less than the width of the step. It shall not exceed the quirements of Article 7-13.
width of the step by more than 13 inches with a maximum of C. The deflection device shall be inspected by the Division
61/2 inches on either side of the escalator. See Figure 7-3089B. for entanglement, entrapment, shearing or tripping haz-
(d) Balustrades. ard.
NOTE: Authority Cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
1. A solid balustrade shall be provided on each side of the mov- Sections 142.3, Labor Code and 18943, Health and Safety Code.
ing steps. (e) Handrails.
A. The balustrade on the step side shall have no areas or 1. Each balustrade shall be provided with a handrail moving in
moldings depressed or raised more than 1/4 inch from the the same direction and at substantially the same speed as the steps.
parent surface, except when skirt deflection devices,
such as brushes, are used per Section 7-3089 (d) 6. 2. Each moving handrail shall extend at normal handrail height
not less than 12 inches beyond the line of points of the combplate
B. Such areas or moldings shall have all boundary surfaces teeth at the upper and lower landings.
beveled unless parallel to the direction of travel.
3. Hand or finger guards shall be provided at the point where the
2. Safety glass or plastic panels, if used in balustrades, shall con- handrail enters the balustrade.
form to the requirements of ANSI Z97.1, except that there shall be 4. The horizontal distance between the center lines of the two
no requirement for the panels to be transparent. handrails shall not exceed the width of the escalator by more than
EXCEPTION: Plastic material bonded to a basic supporting panel. 19 inches (483 mm).
3. The width between the balustrades in the direction of travel EXCEPTION: Existing installations installed prior to April 16,
shall not be changed abruptly nor by more than 8 percent of the 1970.
greatest width. (f) Step Treads.
In changing from the greater to the smaller width, the maximum 1. The depth of any step tread in the up direction of travel shall
allowable angle of change in the balustrading shall be 15 degrees be not less than 153/4 inches, and the rise between treads shall be
from the line of travel. not more than 81/2 inches. The width of a step tread shall be not
less than 22 inches nor more than 40 inches.
4. A solid guard shall be provided in the intersecting angle of the
outside balustrade (deck board) and the ceiling or soffitt. EXCEPTIONS: 1. For existing installations installed prior to the
effective date of this order, with width of a step tread shall not be less
EXCEPTION: Where the intersection of the outside balustrade than 16 inches.
(deck board) and the ceiling or soffitt is more than 24 inches from the 2. Escalators installed prior to April 16, 1970 at which time no order
center line of the handrail. existed.
A. The vertical face of the guard shall project at least 2. The step riser shall be provided with vertical cleats which
14 inches horizontally from the apex of the angle. On ex- shall mesh with slots on the adjacent step treads as the steps make
isting installations, the vertical face of the guard shall be the transition from incline to horizontal.
not less than 6 inches. 3. The tread surface of each step shall be slotted in a direction
B. The exposed edge of the guard shall be rounded to elimi- parallel to the travel of the steps. Each slot shall be not more than
nate shear hazard. Guard may be glass or plastic, pro- 1/ inch wide and not less than 3/ inch deep; and the distance from
4 8
vided they meet the requirements of Section 7-3089 (d) 2. center to center of adjoining slots shall be not more than 3/8 inch.
NOVEMBER 15, 2002 SUPPLEMENT 93
7-3090 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Slots shall be so located on the step tread surface as to form a W = width of the escalator, in. (mm)
cleat on each side of the step tread adjacent to the skirt panel. EXCEPTION: Forexisting installations installed priorto the effec-
tive date of this order, the rated load shall be computed as follows:
(g) Combplates.
The rated load, in pounds, shall be computed by the following
1. There shall be a combplate at the entrance and at the exit of formula:
every escalator. Rated Load = 4.6WA
2. The combplate teeth shall be meshed with and set into the Where W is the width in inches between the balustrades and A the
slots in the tread surface so that the points of the teeth are always horizontal distance in feet between the upper and lower combplate
teeth. See Figure 7-3089B.
below the upper surface of the treads.
(k) Design Factors of Safety. The factors of safety, based on the
Combplates shall be adjustable vertically. Sections forcing the static loads, shall be at least the following:
combplates shall be readily replaceable.
1. For driving machine parts:
(h) Trusses or Girders. The truss or girder shall be designed to
safely sustain the steps and running gear in operation and in the A. Where made of steel or bronze, 8.
event of failure of the track system, the truss shall retain the tracks, B. Where made of cast iron or other materials, 10.
steps, and running gear. Where tightening devices are operated by
means of tension weights, provision shall be made to retain these 2. For power-transmission members, 10.
weights in the truss if they should be released. EXCEPTION: Step chains composed of cast-steel links which, if
thoroughly annealed, shall be permitted with a factor of safety of at
(i) Step Wheel Tracks. Step wheel tracks shall be so designed least 20.
to contain the step wheels in the track if a step chain breaks. 3. Steel trusses and supporting structures, including tracks, shall
(j) Rated Load. conform to AISC Specification for Design Fabrication and Erec-
tion of Structural Steel for Buildings.
1. For the purpose of structural design, the rated load shall be
considered to be not less than: (l) Rated Speed. The rated speed shall be not more than 125 feet
per minute.
(Customary Units)
Structural rated load (lb) = 4.6 (W + 8) A Escalator Machinery and Equipment.
7-3090.
(SI Units)
(a) Driving Machine, Motor and Brake.
Structural rated load (kg) = 0.27 (W + 203) A
1. The driving machine shall be connected to the main drive
WHERE: shaft by toothed gearing, a coupling, or a chain.
A = length of the horizontal projection of the entire truss, ft. 2. An electric motor shall not drive more than one escalator.
(m)
3. Each escalator shall be provided with an electrically released
W = width of the escalator, in. (mm)
and mechanically or magnetically applied brake. If the brake is
2. For the purpose of driving machine and power transmission magnetically applied, a ceramic permanent magnet shall be used.
calculations, the rated load shall be considered to be not less than:
A. There shall be no intentional time delay designed into
(Customary Units) the application of the brake.
Machinery rated load (lb) = 3.5 (W + 8) B B. The brake shall be applied automatically if the electrical
(SI Units) power supply is interrupted.
Machinery rated load (kg) = 0.21 (W -- 203) B C. The brake shall be capable of stopping the down running
escalator with any load up to the brake rated load.
WHERE:
D. The escalator brake shall stop the down running escala-
B = 1.732 × rise, ft (m) tor at a rate no greater than 3 feet per second2 (0.91
W = width of the escalator, in. (mm) m/s2).
3. For the purpose of brake calculations, the rated load shall be E. The escalator brake shall be provided with a nameplate
not less than: which indicates the brake torque in ft-lb (N-m) required
A With Escalator Stopped to stop and hold brake rated load.
(Customary Units) 4. Where means other than a continuous shaft, coupling, or
Brake rated load (lb) = 4.6 (W + 8) B toothed gearing is used to connect the motor to a gear reducer, the
escalator brake shall be located on the gear reducer or main drive
(SI Units) shaft.
Brake rated load (kg) = 0.27 (W + 203) B 5. If the escalator brake is separated from the main drive shaft
B With Escalator Running by a chain used to connect the driving machine to the main drive
shaft, a mechanically or magnetically applied brake capable of
(Customary Units) stopping a down running escalator with brake rated load shall be
Brake rated load (lb) = 3.5 (W + 8) B provided on the main drive shaft.
(SI Units) A. If the brake is magnetically applied, a ceramic perma-
nent magnet shall be used.
Brake rated load (kg) = 0.21 (W + 203) B
B. The brake shall stop the down running escalator at a rate
WHERE: no greater than 3 feet per second2 (0.91 m/s2) at brake
B = 1.732 × rise, ft (m) rated load.
94 NOVEMBER 15, 2002 SUPPLEMENT
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3090
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

EXCEPTION to Section 7-3090 (a) 3, 4, 5: For existing installa- mined value, which shall be not more than 40 percent
tions installed prior to the effective date of this order, each escalator above the rated speed.
shall comply with the following:
EXCEPTION: The overspeed governor is not required where a low
Each escalator shall be provided with an electrically released me-
slip alternating current squirrel cage induction motor is used and the
chanically applied brake capable of stopping the up or down traveling
motor is directly connected to the driving machine.
escalator with any load up to rated load as defined in subsection 7-3089
(j) exception. This brake shall be located either on the driving machine F. A broken step-chain device shall be provided that will
or on the main drive shaft. cause the interruption of power to the driving machine if
Where a chain is used to connect the driving machine to the main a step chain breaks, and, where no automatic chain ten-
drive shaft, a brake shall be provided on the driven shaft. It is not re- sion device is provided, if excessive sag occurs in either
quired that this brake be of the electrically released type if an electrical- step chain.
ly released brake is provided on the driving machine.
G. An electrically released brake shall automatically stop
(b) Operating and Safety Devices.
the escalator when any of the safety devices function.
1. Operating and safety devices shall be provided conforming to H. Where the driving machine is connected to the main
the requirements of this section. drive shaft by a chain, a device shall be provided which
A. Starting switches shall be of the key-operated, spring will cause the application of the brake on the main drive
return-type and shall be located within sight of the esca- shaft if the drive chain parts.
lator steps. I. Each space containing moving parts, where a means of
access is provided, shall be equipped with a stop switch
B. Emergency stop buttons or other type of manually oper-
located adjacent to the access door or panel. The stop
ated switches having red buttons or handles shall be ac-
switches shall:
cessibly located at or near the top and bottom landings of
each escalator, and shall be protected against accidental (1) Be of the manually opened and closed type.
operation. An escalator stop button with an unlocked
cover over it which can readily be lifted or pushed aside (2) Be conspicuously and permanently marked,
shall be considered accessible. The operation of either of “STOP.”
these buttons or switches shall interrupt the power to the (3) Be positively opened mechanically and their open-
driving machine. It shall not be possible to start the driv- ing shall not be solely dependent on springs.
ing machine by these buttons or switches.
(4) When opened, cause electric power to be removed
C. Escalators may be arranged to be started and stopped from the escalator driving machine motor and brake.
from remote locations only with prior approval from the EXCEPTION: Machinery space in which main line disconnect
division. Such approval will be based on, but not limited switch is located.
to the applicant demonstrating that: J. Means shall be provided to cause the opening of the
(1) There shall be provided an acceptable means of power circuit to the escalator driving machine motor and
viewing the run and landing of the escalator at the re- brake should an object become wedged between the step
mote location. and the skirt panel as the step approaches the lower
combplate.
(2) There shall be provided an acceptable means of
communication between the escalator and the re- K. Rolling shutters, if used, shall be provided with a device
mote location. which shall be actuated as the shutters begin to close to
cause electric power to be removed from the escalator
D. Escalators may be arranged for automatic starting and driving machine motor and brake.
stopping only with prior approval from the division. L. Means shall be provided to cause the opening of the
Such approval will be based on, but not limited to, the power circuit to the driving machine motor and brake in
applicant demonstrating that: case of accidental reversal of travel while the escalator is
(1) The escalator shall be provided with an acceptable operating in the ascending direction.
means to prevent it from starting when a person is on (c) Access to Machine Rooms or Machinery Spaces. Suffi-
the steps. cient clearance shall be provided within the machine room for safe
(2) The escalator shall be provided with some means to access, as required for inspection and maintenance, and safe ac-
determine the direction the person wishes to go, up cess shall be provided to the machine room.
or down. 1. Floor access panels, in excess of 70 lbf (311 N) shall be coun-
terbalanced or provided with means to lift and move the panel
(3) The starting shall be such that the steps are up to full away from the machinery space.
speed before the person reaches them.
2. The building owner shall provide a competent person to assist
(4) The escalator shall be provided with some accept- the Division’s representative where steps removal is required to
able means to prevent the escalator from stopping gain access to drive units, brake and upthrust devices inside the es-
until all riders are off the steps. calator truss.
(5) The escalator landing areas shall be provided with il- (d) Lighting and Electrical Work. Lighting and electrical
luminated signs that inform the potential rider of the work shall conform to the requirements of the California Electri-
information needed for safe use of the escalator. cal Code. See Article 620.
E. A speed governor shall be provided, the operation of (e) Guarding in Machine Space. A guard shall be provided be-
which will cause the interruption of power to the driving tween the machine room and the steps to prevent accidental con-
machine should the speed of the steps exceed a predeter- tact with the moving steps.
95
FIGURE 7-3089A 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

4 IN. 4 IN.
(102 mm) 6 IN. (102 mm)
MIN. (152 mm) MIN.
MAX.
10 IN. 10 IN.
(254 mm) (254 mm)
MAX. MAX.

1 IN. (25 mm)

MIN.

INTERIOR OR INTERIOR
HIGH-DECK 22 IN. (559 mm) MIN. LOW-DECK
BALUSTRADE BALUSTRADE
40 IN. (1020 mm) MAX.

FIGURE 7-3089A

RELATIONSHIP OF ESCALATOR PARTS

ESCALATOR WIDTH + 6 IN. MAX.

3 FT. MAX. 3 FT. MAX.

ESCALATOR
WIDTH (NOTE)
27 IN. ABOVE
NOSE LINE
OF STEPS

--NOTE--
ESCALATOR WIDTH SHALL
NOT BE LESS THAN STEP
THREAD WIDTH

STEP TREAD

6 FT. 1/2 IN. MAX. 16 IN. MIN. 6 FT. 1/2 IN. MAX.
40 IN. MAX.

STEP TREAD WIDTH + 13 FT. MAX.

FIGURE 7-3089B

RELATIONSHIP OF ESCALATOR PARTS

96
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3091
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-14. Moving Walks

Design Requirements. (f) Pallet Type Treadway.

7-3091. 1. Pallet connecting chains or other connecting devices, and
(a) Direction of Passage. Passage from a landing to a treadway pallets where part of the propelling system, shall have a factor of
or vice versa shall be in the direction of treadway travel at the point safety of not less than 10, based on ultimate strength.
of passenger entrance or exit. 2. The maximum clearance between pallets shall be 5/32 inch.
(b) Load Rating 3. The treadway surface of each pallet shall be grooved in a di-
rection parallel to its travel. Each groove shall be not more than
1. For the purpose of structural design, the load rating shall be 1/ inch wide at the treadway surface and not less than 3/ inch
4 16
considered to be not less than 100 pounds per square foot of ex- deep; and the distance from center to center of adjoining grooves
posed treadway. shall be not more than 1/2 inch. Sides of grooves may slope for
2. For the purpose of brake, treadway and power transmission mold draft purposes and may be filleted at the bottom.
calculations, the load rating shall be considered to be not less than 4. Adjacent ends of pallets shall not vary in elevation more than
75 pounds per square foot of exposed treadway. 1/ inch.
16
(c) Width. (g) Treadway Slope. The slope of a treadway shall not exceed
15 degrees at any point.
1. The width of a moving walk is the exposed width of treadway
and shall be not less than 16 inches. The maximum width shall de- (h) Speed.
pend both on the maximum treadway slope at any point on the 1. The maximum speed of a treadway shall depend both on the
treadway, and on the treadway speed. The width shall not exceed maximum treadway slope at points of entrance or exit, and on the
the value determined by Table 7-3091C. maximum treadway slope at any other point on the treadway. This
speed shall not exceed the lesser of the values determined by
2. The exposed width of treadway shall not be decreased in the
Tables 7-3091H1 and 7-3091H2.
direction of travel.
2. The maximum speeds listed in Tables 7-3091H1 and
This width requirement applies only to moving walks having 7-3091H2 apply only to moving walks having entrance from or
entrance to or exit from landings. It is not intended to preclude de- exit to landings. It is not intended to preclude development of
velopment of moving walk systems in which changes in width are moving walk systems in which high speeds are made safe and
made safe and practical by direct passage from one treadway to practical by direct passage from one treadway to another, subject
another, subject to the approval of the division. to the approval of the division.
(d) Belt Type Treadways. (i) Supports.
1. Belt type treadways shall be designed with a factor of safety 1. For slider bed walks, the carrying portion of the treadway
of not less than 5, based on ultimate strength. shall be supported for its entire width and length except where it
passes from a support to a pulley. The surface of the slider bed
2. Splicing of the treadway belt shall be made in such a manner shall be reasonably smooth. It shall be so constructed that it will
as to result in a continuous unbroken treadway surface of the same not support combustion.
characteristics as the balance of the belt.
2. For roller bed walks, the combination of roller spacing, belt
3. The treadway surface shall be grooved in a direction parallel tension and belt stiffness shall be such that the deflection of the
to its travel for the purpose of meshing with comb plates at the treadway surface, midway between rollers, shall not exceed the
landings. Each groove shall be not more than 1/4 inch wide at the quantity 0.094 inch + (0.004 times center to center distance of roll-
treadway surface and not less an 3/16 inch deep; and the distance ers in inches) when measured as follows:
from center to center of adjoining grooves shall be not more than The Treadway surface shall be loaded midway between rollers
1/ inch. Sides of grooves may slope for mold draft purposes and
2 with a 25 pound weight concentrated on a cylindrical footpiece
may be filleted at the bottom. 2 inches long by 1 inch diameter placed with its long axis across
(e) Belt Pallet Type Treadways. the belt. Deflection of this footpiece from its unloaded position
shall not exceed the figure obtained above.
1. Pallet connecting chains or other connecting devices between
pallets, and pallets where part of the propelling system, shall have The rollers shall be concentric and true running within commer-
a factor of safety of not less than 10, based on ultimate strength. cially acceptable tolerances.
3. For edge supported belts, where the treadway belt is trans-
2. Splicing of the treadway belt shall be made in such a manner versely rigid and is supported by rollers along its edges, the fol-
as to result in a continuous unbroken treadway surface of the same lowing requirements shall apply:
characteristics as the balance of the belt.
A. With the belt tensioned through the take-up system, the
3. The treadway surface shall be grooved in a direction parallel permissible slope of a straight line from the top of a
to its travel for the purpose of meshing with comb plates at the treadway rib adjacent to the center line of the treadway
landings. Each groove shall be not more than 1/4 inch wide at the to the top of a treadway rib adjacent to the balustrade, in
treadway surface and not less than 3/16 inch deep; and the distance a line perpendicular to the path of the treadway, shall not
from center to center of adjoining grooves shall be not more than exceed 3 percent when the treadway is loaded with a 150
1/ inch. Sides of grooves may slope for mold draft purposes and
2 pound weight on a 6 inch by 10 inch plate located on the
may be filleted at the bottom. center line of the treadway with the 10 inch dimension in
4. Adjacent ends of pallets shall not vary in elevation more than the direction of treadway travel.
1/ inch. The fasteners that attach the belt to the pallets shall not B. In order to support the treadway in case of localized
16
project above the exposed treadway surface. overload, supports shall be supplied at intervals, not ex-
97
7-3091 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

ceeding 6 feet along the centerline of the treadway. The B. The plans, drawings and specifications on the planned
supports shall be located at a level not more than 2 inches installation of the deflection device shall be submitted to
below the underside of the treadway when it is loaded the Division for review before the deflection device is
under the test conditions required by the preceding para- installed. The Division shall review the plans, drawings
graph. and specifications to ensure the planned installation and
subsequent operation does not conflict with other re-
4. For pallet and belt pallet walks, pallet wheel tracks shall be so
quirements of Article 7-14.
designed and located as to prevent more than 1/8 inch vertical dis-
placement of the treadway should the pallet connection means C. The deflection device shall be inspected by the Division
break. for entanglement, entrapment, shearing or tripping haz-
ards.
(j) Threshold Plates. The entrance to or exit from a moving
treadway shall be provided with a threshold plate designed and NOTE: Authority Cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
installed to provide a smooth passage between treadway and land- Sections 142.3, Labor Code and 18943, Health and Safety Code.
ing and vice versa and conform to the following: (l) Guards at Ceiling. Where the intersection of the balustrade
(deck bord) and the ceiling or soffitt is less than 24 inches from the
1. The threshold plate shall be provided with a comb. center line of the handrail, a solid guard shall be provided in the
2. The threshold comb teeth shall be meshed with a set into the intersecting angle. The vertical face of the guard shall have a
grooves of the treadway surface so that points of the teeth are al- height of at least 7 inches and shall be rounded. Guards may be of
ways below the upper surface of the treadway. glass if of the tempered-type conforming to ANSI Z97.1.
3. The surface of the plate shall afford a secure foothold. The (m) Handrails.
surface shall be smooth from the point of intersection of the comb 1. Two moving handrails shall be provided on each moving
teeth and the upper surface of the treadway, for a distance not ex- walk.
ceeding 4 inches and not less than 1 inch.
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Moving walks having a slope of 3 degrees or
(k) Balustrades. Moving walks shall be provided with an en- less and a speed of 70 feet per minute or less.
closed balustrade on each side conforming to the following: 2. Moving walks having a width of 21 inches or less; where a single
moving handrail may be used.
1. Construction.
2. The moving handrail at both the entrance and exit landings
A. Balustrades without moving handrails shall be designed shall extend at normal height at least 12 inches beyond the end of
so as to provide no surfaces which can be gripped by a the exposed treadway. The point where the moving handrail enters
passenger. or leaves an enclosure shall be not more than 10 inches above the
(1) On the treadway side, the balustrade shall have no floor line.
areas or moldings depressed or raised more than 3. Hand or finger guards shall be provided at the points where
1/ -inch from the parent surface, except when skirt
4 the handrail enters the balustrade.
deflection devices, such as brushes, are used per
Section 7.3091 (k) 4. Such areas or moldings shall 4. The moving handrail return run and its driving and supporting
have all boundary surfaces beveled unless parallel to machinery shall be fully enclosed.
the direction of travel. The balustrades shall extend 5. Each moving handrail shall move in the same direction and at
at normal height not less than 12 inches beyond the substantially the same speed as the treadway.
end of the exposed treadway. (n) Drive, Motor and Brakes.
B. Glass or plastic panels, if used in the balustrades, shall 1. The driving machine shall be connected to the main drive
conform to the requirements of ANSI Z97.1 except that shaft by toothed gearing, a coupling or a chain.
there shall be no requirement for the panels to be trans-
parent. 2. Each moving walk shall be provided with an electrically re-
leased mechanically applied brake capable of stopping and hold-
C. Balustrades shall be designed to resist the simultaneous ing the treadway with any load up to the load rating. This brake
application of a lateral force of 40 pounds per lineal foot shall be located either on the main drive shaft or on the driving ma-
and a vertical load of 50 pounds per lineal foot, both ap- chine and connected to the main drive shaft by toothed gearing, a
plied to the top the balustrade. coupling, or a chain.
2. The height of a balustrade shall be not less than 30 inches Where a chain is used to connect the driving machine to the
measured perpendicular to the treadway surface. At this height, main drive shaft, a brake shall be provided on that shaft. It is not
the inner surface of the balustrade shall be located not more than required that this brake be of the electrically released type if an
8 inches outside the vertical projected edge of the exposed tread- electrically released brake is provided on the driving machine.
way.
EXCEPTION: Moving walks which will not run in the down direc-
3. If the balustrade covers the edge of the treadway, the clear- tion by gravity under any load condition up to their load rating with the
ance between the top surface of the treadway and the underside of power supply interrupted do not require brakes.
the balustrade shall not exceed 1/4-inch. Where skirt panels are 3. Electrically released brakes shall stop the treadway automati-
used, the horizontal clearance on either side of the treadway be- cally upon failure of power or when any of the safety devices spe-
tween the treadway and the adjacent skirt panel shall be not more cified in Section 7-3092 (a) operate. Brakes on the main drive
than 1/4-inch. shaft, if not of the electrically released type, shall be applied
4. Where moving walks are provided with skirt deflection de- should the drive chain part.
vices to protect against accidental entrapment of body parts, cloth- 4. Speed reducers shall meet the requirements for design and
ing, shoes, etc., the following shall apply: application as established for the various types in the appropriate
A. The rigid portion of the device shall not raise more than AGMA Practice Standards, as follows:
3/ inch from the parent surface of the balustrade. 420.03—Helical and Herringbone Gear Speed Reducers
4
98
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3092
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

430.03—Spiral Bevel Gear Speed Reducers 3. Where the driving machine is connected to the main drive
shaft by a chain, and where a brake is located on that shaft when
440.03—Single and Double Reduction Cylindrical-worm and
required by Section 7-3091 (n) 2, a device shall be provided which
Helical-worm Speed Reducers
will cause the application by such brake if the drive chain parts.
441.03—Double Enveloping-worm Gear Speed Reducers 4. Moving walks required by Section 7-3091 (n) 2 to be
460.04—Gearmotors equipped with a brake, or which are driven by a direct current mo-
tor, shall be provided with a speed governor which will cause the
480.03—Shaft Mounted Speed Reducers interruption of power to the driving machine and to the brake,
The loading shall be considered to be uniform and the service to where provided, should the speed of the treadway exceed a prede-
be 24 hours per day. termined value, which shall be not more than 40 percent above the
maximum designed treadway speed.
5. Chain drives shall be of the types covered by the following
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Moving walks driven by low slip-alternating
American Standards: current induction motors directly connected to the driving machine do
A. ANSI B29.1—Transmission Roller Chains and Sprock- not require speed governors.
et Teeth 2. Moving walks driven by low-slip alternative current induction
motors connected to the driving machine by belts or chains, where a
B. ANSI B29.2—Inverted Tooth Chains and Sprocket device is provided which will cause interruption of power to the motor
Teeth and apply the brake should the belts lose driving tension or should the
When operating at the load rating of the treadway, the belts or chains break.
load imposed on such chains shall not exceed the horse- 5. A device shall be provided which will cause interruption of
power rating as established by these standards. power to the driving machine and to the brake, where provided, if
The loading shall be considered to be uniform and the the connecting means between pallets break.
service to be 24 hours per day. 6. Where a device is required to interrupt power, such interrup-
6. When operating at the load rating of the treadway, the load tion shall be not subject to intentional delay. The use of a supple-
imposed on V-belt drives shall not exceed the horsepower rating mental and independent device with or without intentional delay
as established by the American Standard Specification for Multi- is permissible.
ple V-Belt Drives, USAS B55.1. The loading shall be considered 7. Each space containing moving parts, where a means of access
to be uniform and the service to be 24 hours per day. is provided, shall be equipped with a stop switch located adjacent
7. Pallet propelling chains and drive components other than to the access door or panel. The stop switches shall:
those specified shall have a factor of safety of not less than 10, A. Be of the manually opened and closed type.
based on ultimate strength.
B. Be conspicuously and permanently marked “STOP.”
(o) Supporting Structure. The steel supporting structure for C. Be positively opened mechanically and their opening
the treadway, balustrades, and machinery shall conform to Chap- shall not be solely dependent on springs.
ter 27, State Building Code.
D. When opened, cause electric power to be removed from
Operating and Safety Devices, Electrical Equipment and the moving walk driving machine motor and brake.
Wiring. (b) Electrical Equipment and Wiring. Electrical equipment
7-3092. and wiring shall conform to the State Electrical Code. See Article
(a) Devices Required. Operating and safety devices shall be 620.
provided conforming to the following requirements: (c) Access and Work Space. Sufficient clearance shall be pro-
1. Starting switches shall be of the key-operated, spring return- vided within the machine room for safe access as required for in-
type and shall be located within sight of the exposed treadway. spection and maintenance, and safe access shall be provided to the
machine room.
2. Emergency stop buttons or other types of manually operated
switches having red buttons or handles shall be accessibly located Floor access panels, in excess of 70 pounds, shall be counterbal-
at every entrance to and exit from a moving walk, and shall be pro- anced or provided with means to lift and move the panel away
tected against accidental operation. The operation of any of these from the machinery space.
buttons or switches shall interrupt the power to the driving ma- (d) Guarding in Machine Space. On pallet type moving walks,
chine and to the brake, where provided. It shall be impossible to a guard shall be provided between the machine room and the pal-
start the driving machine by these buttons or switches. lets to prevent accidental contact with the moving pallets.

99
TABLE 7-3091C 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

TABLE 7-3091C—MAXIMUM MOVING WALK TREADWAY WIDTH

MAXIMUM MOVING WALK TREADWAY WIDTH IN INCHES
MAXIMUM TREADWAY SLOPE 90 fpm Max. Above 90 to 140 fpm Above 140 to 180 fpm
AT ANY POINT Treadway Speed Treadway Speed Treadway Speed
0 to 5_ Unrestricted 60 40
above 5 to 8_ 40 40 40
above 8 to 15_ 40 40 Not Permitted

TABLE 7-3091H1—MAXIMUM MOVING WALK TREADWAY SPEED—ENTRANCE OR EXIT

MAXIMUM TREADWAY SLOPE AT POINT OF
ENTRANCE OR EXIT MAXIMUM TREADWAY SPEED IN F.P.M.

0 to 3_ 180
above 3 to 5_ 160
above 5 to 8_ 140
above 8 to 12_ 130
above 12 to 15_ 125

TABLE 7-3091H2—MAXIMUM MOVING WALK TREADWAY SPEED ON THE TREADWAY

MAXIMUM TREADWAY SLOPE
AT ANY POINT ON TREADWAY MAXIMUM TREADWAY SPEED IN F.P.M.

0 to 8_ 180
above 8 to 15_ 140

100
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3093
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-15. Special Access Elevators and Special Access Lifts

Special Access Elevators. (1) Power-operated doors shall remain open for at least
7-3093. 20 seconds when activated.
(a) Scope. Sections 7-3093 through 7-3093.60 apply to special B. When provided, automatic swing-type doors shall be
access elevators installed to facilitate access according to Title 24, low energy, power-operated and shall comply with
under the jurisdiction of the division intended for the exclusive use ANSI/BHMA A156.19-1990, American National Stan-
of persons with disabilities. dard for power assist and low energy power-operated
doors, except Section 3, which is hereby incorporated by
(b) Special access elevators installed in locations under the ju-
reference.
risdiction of the division shall comply with the requirements of
Article 7-15. NOTE: A low energy power-operated door is a door with power
mechanisms that open and close the door upon receipt of an actuating
EXCEPTION: Special access elevators allowed by variance. signal and does not generate more kinetic energy than specified in
(c) The machine and associated controllers and equipment shall ANSI/BHMA A156.19-1990.
be installed meeting the requirements of Sections 7-3011 (a) and Pipes in Hoistways.
(a) 1 and be secured against unauthorized access. 7-3093.5.
(d) Use of the elevator shall serve disabled individual(s) only Pipes conveying steam, gas or liquids which, if discharged into
and shall not be used to transport materials and equipment. the hoistway, would endanger life shall not be installed in the
(e) The division shall inspect the elevator, witness a safety hoistway.
test(s) and issue a permit to operate, prior to being placed in ser- Horizontal Car Clearances.
vice.
7-3093.6.
Hoistway Enclosure Construction. (a) There shall be a clearance of not less than 3/4 inch (19 mm)
7-3093.1. between the car and the hoistway enclosure, and between the car
(a) Hoistways shall be fully enclosed meeting the requirements and its counterweight.
of Section 7-3010. (b) The clearance between the car platform and the landing sill
(b) Exterior windows within the hoistway shall be protected by shall be not less than 1/2 inch (13 mm) nor more than 11/2 inches
grillwork. (35 mm).

(c) Enclosures shall be of sufficient strength to support in true Guarding of Suspension Means.
alignment, the hoistway doors, gates and their locking equipment. 7-3093.7.
(a) Ropes and chains passing through a floor or stairway outside
Pits. the hoistway enclosure shall be enclosed with a solid or openwork
7-3093.2. enclosure. If of openwork, the enclosure shall reject a ball 1/2 inch
(a) A pit shall be provided and the pit depth shall not be less than (13 mm) in diameter. Means for inspection shall be provided. The
is required for the installation of the buffers and all other necessary floor openings shall not be larger than is necessary to clear the sus-
elevator equipment. pension means.
(b) The pit shall be kept clean and free from dirt and rubbish. (b) Ropes and chains immediately adjacent to a stairway shall
The pit shall not be used for storage purposes and shall be main- be guarded with solid or openwork panels on the stair side. Open-
tained free of an accumulation of water. work panels shall reject a ball 1/2 inch (13 mm) in diameter.
EXCEPTION: Ropes or chains which operate within a guide or
Top Car Clearance. track shall be considered suitably guarded.
7-3093.3.
Car Frames and Platforms.
The top car clearance shall be not less than 6 inches (152 mm)
7-3093.8.
plus 1 inch (25 mm) for each 31/3 feet per minute (0.017 m/s) of the
rated speed in excess of 30 feet per minute (0.l5 m/s). (a) Car frames and platforms shall be constructed of metal or a
combination of metal and wood having a factor of safety of not
Protection of Hoistway Openings. less than 5 based on rated load.
7-3093.4. (b) Cast iron shall not be used in any member of the car frame or
(a) Hoistway doors conforming with Section 7-3020 shall be platform other than for guides or guide shoe brackets.
provided to protect each landing opening.
Car Enclosure.
(b) Hoistway doors shall be provided with approved interlocks 7-3093.9.
complying with Section 7-3021.
(a) Except at entrances, cars shall be enclosed on all sides and on
EXCEPTION: Interlocks may be zoned complying with subsec- the top. The enclosure shall be constructed of solid material, ex-
tion 7-3021 (d) 1 (D). cept where other material is permitted by the division.
(c) Hoistway doors shall be power-operated for special access
(b) Car enclosures shall be secured in conformance with the re-
elevators installed after September 28, 2001.
quirements of Sections 7-3034 (a) 1 and 7-3034 (a) 2.
1. The power-operated hoistway doors shall be either horizon-
(c) Glass, where used in elevator cars, shall conform to the re-
tally sliding or swing-type doors.
quirements of Section 7-3034 (a) 7.
A. Horizontally sliding doors shall have power opening
that complies with Section 7-3022 (b) 2, and power clos- Number of Compartments.
ing that complies with Sections 7-3022 (c) and 7-3022 7-3093.10.
(e). The car shall have only one compartment.
101
7-3093.11 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Car Doors and Gates. Operation of Safeties.

7-3093.11. 7-3093.16.
(a) Car doors or gates are required. They shall protect the entire The car safety shall be of the inertia or other approved type oper-
car entrance and be constructed of solid material. ated by the breakage of the suspension means or by the action of a
speed governor. If it is a speed governor type, the governor shall
1. Material shall be nonperforated.
operate the safety at a maximum speed of 75 feet per minute (0.38
2. Scissor gates are prohibited. m/s). On the breakage of the suspension means, the safety shall
(b) Power opening, where used for car doors and gates, shall operate without delay and independent of the speed governor
conform to the requirements of subsection 7-3022 (b) 1. Power action.
closing, where used for car doors and gates, shall conform to the Application of Safeties.
requirements of Sections 7-3022 (c), 7-3022 (d), and 7-3022 (e). 7-3093.17.
(c) Power opening and power closing car doors or gates shall be The application of any safety required by Section 7-3093.15
required for special access elevators installed after September 28, shall conform to the requirements of Section 7-3035 (i).
2001.
Materials Used in Safeties.
(d) Every car door or gate shall be provided with an electric con- 7-3093.18.
tact conforming to the requirements of Section 7-3034 (d) 2. The
design of the car door or gate electric contacts shall be such that, The minimum factors of safety and stresses of safety parts and
for a sliding door or gate, the car cannot move unless the door or rope connections shall conform to the requirements of Section
gate is within 2 inches (51 mm) of the fully closed position. If the 7-3106 (d).
door or gate swings outward to open, the car door or gate must be Location of Speed Governor.
closed and locked before the car can move. 7-3093.19.
(e) The distance between the hoistway enclosure opposite the Where a speed governor is used, it shall be located where it is
car entrance and the car gate shall not exceed 5 inches. readily accessible from outside the hoistway and it cannot be
struck by any moving object in normal operation or under condi-
Light in Car. tions of overtravel and where there is sufficient space for full
7-3093.12. movement of the governor parts.
The car shall be provided with an electric light. The control
Opening of the Brake Circuit on Safety Application.
switch for the light shall be located in the car and near the car en-
trance. The minimum illumination at the car threshold, with the 7-3093.20.
door closed, shall be not less than 5 footcandles (54 lux). Where a speed governor is used, the motor circuit and the brake
circuit shall be opened before or at the time that the safety applies.
Counterweights.
Governor Ropes.
7-3093.13.
7-3093.21.
(a) Counterweights, where used, shall run in guide rails.
The governor ropes shall be of iron, steel, monel metal or phos-
(b) Counterweights shall be located as required by Section phor bronze not less than 1/4 inch (6.3 mm) in diameter. Tiller rope
7-3013 (a). construction shall not be used.
(c) Where a car counterweight is used, it shall not be of suffi- Car and Counterweight Guide Rails and Guide Fastenings.
cient weight to cause slackening of any rope during acceleration
7-3093.22.
or retardation of the car.
Car and counterweight guide rails and guide fastenings shall
(d) The counterweight sections, whether carried in a frame or conform to the requirements of Sections 7-3030 (b), 7-3030 (j)
not, shall be fastened together and shall also be secured to prevent and 7-3106 (a) 1, 2.
shifting by an amount which will reduce the running clearance to
less than that specified in Section 7-3093.6 (a). Buffers and Buffer Supports.
7-3093.23.
Location and Guarding of Counterweights.
(a) The car and counterweight shall be provided with spring
7-3093.14. buffers so designed and installed that they will not be fully com-
Access shall be provided for inspection, maintenance, and re- pressed when struck by car with its rated load and speed or by the
pair of an enclosed counterweight and its ropes. Doors on the counterweight traveling at 125 percent of the rated speed, or at
counterweight enclosure shall be self-closing and self-locking governor tripping speed where a governor-operated safety is used.
and openable from the outside only with a suitable key. If the en- (b) Car and counterweight-buffer supports shall be of sufficient
closure is of such size that the door can be closed when the enclo- strength to withstand without failure the impact resulting from
sure is occupied by a person, the door shall be easily openable buffer engagement at 125 percent of the rated speed, or at gover-
from the inside without the use of a key or other instrument. A stop nor tripping speed where a governor operated safety is used.
switch conforming to the requirements of Section 7-3040 (b) 5
shall be located adjacent to and inside the opening and operable Overhead Machinery Beams and Supports.
without entering the enclosure. 7-3093.24.
Safeties Required. (a) All machinery and sheaves shall be so supported and secured
as to prevent any part from becoming loose or displaced.
7-3093.15.
Each elevator shall be provided with a car safety. Where the (b) Beams supporting machinery shall be of steel, sound timber
space below the hoistway is not permanently secured against ac- or reinforced concrete.
cess, the counterweight shall be provided with a safety conform- (c) Overhead beams and their supports shall be designed for not
ing to the requirements of Section 7-3093.16. less than the sum of the following:
102
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3093.25
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

1. The load resting on the beams and their supports which shall Driving-machine Roller Chains and Sprockets.
include the complete weight of the machine, sheaves, controller 7-3093.33.
and any other equipment supported thereon. Driving-machine chains and sprockets shall be of steel and shall
2. Two times the sum of the tension on all suspension ropes or conform to the design and dimensions specified in ASME
chains. B29.1M--1993, Precision Power Transmission Roller Chains, At-
tachments and Sprockets, which is hereby incorporated by refer-
Material for Sheaves and Drums and Minimum Diameter. ence.
7-3093.25.
Driving-machine Brakes.
(a) Winding drums, traction sheaves, and overhead and deflect-
ing sheaves shall be of cast iron or steel and of a diameter of not 7-3093.34.
less than 30 times the diameter of the wire suspension means. The Driving machines shall be equipped with electrically released,
rope grooves shall be machined and designed to conform with the mechanically applied brakes conforming to the requirements of
requirements of Section 7-3038 (b). Section 7-3038 (h). The operation of the brake shall conform to the
requirements of Section 7-3040 (e).
EXCEPTION: Where 8 × 19 steel ropes or 7 × 19 aircraft cable
are used, the required minimum diameter of drums and sheaves may EXCEPTION: Hydraulic driving machines.
be reduced to 21 times the diameter of the rope.
Terminal Stopping Devices.
(b) The factor of safety, based on the static load (the rated load
plus the weight of the car, ropes, counterweights, etc.) to be used in 7-3093.35.
the design of the driving machine and sheaves shall be not less (a) Upper and lower normal terminal stopping devices, oper-
than 8 for wrought iron and steel, and 10 for cast iron, cast steel and ated by the car, shall be provided and shall be set to stop the car at,
other metals. or near, the upper and lower terminal landings. The switches shall
be opened as required by Section 7-3039 (a).
Fastening of Driving Machines and Sheaves to Underside of
(b) Upper and lower final terminal stopping devices shall be
Overhead Beams.
provided, operated by the car, to remove power from the motor
7-3093.26. and the brake. They shall be set to stop the car after it travels past
(a) Overhead driving machines or sheaves shall not be fastened the normal terminal stopping device and before an obstruction is
to the underside of the supporting beams. struck. The switches shall be opened as required by Section
EXCEPTION: Idlers or deflecting sheaves including the guards 7-3039 (b).
and frames. EXCEPTION: A slack-rope switch conforming to the require-
(b) Cast iron in tension shall not be used for supporting idler and ments of Section 7-3040 (b) 1 may be used as the lower final terminal
stopping device.
deflections sheaves where they are hung beneath the beams.
(c) If the driving machine is of the winding drum or sprocket and
Factor of Safety for Overhead Beams and Supports. chain suspension type, a final terminal stopping device operated
7-3093.27. by the driving machine shall also be provided.
The factor of safety for overhead beams and supports based on Operation of the Stopping Devices.
ultimate strength of material shall not be less than 5 for steel, and 6
7-3093.36.
for timber and reinforced concrete.
(a) The final terminal stopping device shall act to prevent move-
Hydraulic Driving Machine. ment of the car in both directions of travel. The normal and final
7-3093.28. terminal stopping devices shall not control the same switches on
the controller unless two or more separate and independent
Hydraulic Driving Machines shall conform to the requirements
switches are provided, two of which shall be closed to complete
of Section 7-3067.
the motor and brake circuit in each direction of travel.
EXCEPTION: Roped-hydraulic machines may be used.
(b) The switches required in Section 7-3093.36 (a) shall be posi-
Screw Machines. tively opened mechanically as required by Section 7-3039 (a).
7-3093.29.
Type of Operation.
Screw machines, where used, shall conform to the requirements
7-3093.37.
of Section 7-3088.
(a) The operation of the car shall be by continuous pressure
EXCEPTION: The rated speed shall not exceed 40 feet per minute means or by single automatic means.
(0.20 m/s).
(b) Special access elevators may be locked for security reasons,
Set Screw Fastenings.
except during business hours.
7-3093.30.
Set screw fastenings shall not be used in lieu of keys or pins if Control and Operating Circuit Requirements.
the connection is subject to torque or tension. 7-3093.38.
(a) Control systems that depend on the completion of an electric
Friction Gearing, Clutch Mechanism or Couplings. circuit shall not be used for:
7-3093.31.
1. the interruption of the power and the application of the brake
Friction gearing, clutch mechanisms, or couplings shall not be at the terminals;
used for connecting the drum or sheaves to the main drive gear.
2. the stopping of the car when the emergency stop switch in the
Use of Cast Iron in Gears. car is opened or when any of the electrical protective devices
7-3093.32. operate;
Worm gearing having cast iron teeth shall not be used. 3. the stopping of the machine when the safety applies.
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7-3093.39 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

(b) If springs are used to actuate switches, contactors or relays, of clear inside net platform area or 350 pounds (159 kg) whichever
or to break the circuit to stop a car or carriage at a terminal, they is greater.
shall be of the restrained compression type. (b) The load capacity for special access elevators installed after
(c) The failure of any single magnetically operated switch, relay September 28, 2001 shall not be less 750 pounds, and have a mini-
or contactor to release in its intended manner, or the occurrence of mum of 32 inches by 54 inches clear inside platform dimensions.
a single accidental ground, shall not permit the car to start if any 1. Special access elevators without a front and rear opening
hoistway door or car door or gate is not in the closed position. that facilitates a straight through ingress/egress shall have a load
(d) If an instantaneous reversible motor is not used, a protective capacity of not less than 750 pounds, and a maximum 18 square
device or circuit shall be provided to prevent the motor from con- feet clear inside net platform area. The clear inside platform width
tinuing in the same direction if the reversing control is actuated. dimensions may range from 42 inches minimum to 48 inches max-
imum on one side by 60 inches maximum to 54 inches minimum
Key-operated Switches. (Deleted) length on the other side.
7-3093.39. A. When the platform minimum width of 42 inches is in-
creased, the platform maximum 60-inch length shall be
Electric Equipment and Wiring. decreased by the number of inches the width has been in-
7-3093.40. creased (see table below).
All electrical equipment and wiring shall conform to the re-
quirements of Section 7-3012 (a). TABLE 7-3093.46 (b)—VARYING PLATFORM SIZE
WIDTH × LENGTH
Power Supply-line Disconnecting Means. 42I × 60I
7-3093.41. 43I × 59I
Power supply-line disconnecting means conforming to the re- 44I × 58I
quirement of the California Electrical Code. 45I × 57I
Phase Reversal and Failure Protection. 46I × 56I
47I × 55I
7-3093.42.
48I × 54I
Phase reversal and failure protection shall conform to Section
7-3040 (c) 2. 2. The platform/car shall be equipped with handrail(s) comply-
Emergency Stop Switch. ing with Title 24, Section 7-3003. The clear inside net platform
area shall be calculated by multiplying the platform width by the
7-3093.43. platform length without consideration of the space occupied by
An emergency stop switch, conforming to the requirements of the handrails.
Section 7-3040 (b) 5, shall be provided in every car. 3. The opening and closing of car doors shall not encroach on
Slack-rope and Slack-chain Devices. the car platform inside clear space.
7-3093.44. Speed.
(a) Winding drum machines with rope suspension shall be pro- 7-3093.47.
vided with a slack-rope device of the manually reset type that will The rated speed shall not exceed 40 feet per minute (0.20 m/s).
remove power from the motor and the brake if the car is obstructed Rise.
in its descent and the hoisting ropes slacken. 7-3093.48.
(b) Elevators with roller chain suspension shall be provided The rise shall not exceed 50 feet (12.19 m).
with a slack chain device which will remove power from the motor
Capacity Plate.
and the brake if the car is obstructed in its descent and the suspen-
sion means slacken. This device need not be of the manually reset 7-3093.49.
type if the chain sprockets are guarded to prevent the chain from A capacity plate indicating the rated load of the elevator in
becoming disengaged from the sprockets. pounds shall be fastened in a conspicuous place inside the car. The
letters and figures on such plates shall be not less than 1/4 inch (6.4
Emergency Devices. mm) in height.
7-3093.45. Data Plates.
(a) A telephone, which is connected to a central telephone ex- 7-3093.50.
change, shall be installed in the car and an emergency signalling A data plate indicating the weight of the elevator, the rated
device, operable from inside the car and audible outside the hoist- speed, the suspension means, the manufacturer’s name, and the
way, shall be provided. date of installation shall be installed in conspicuous place in the
(b) All machines shall be provided with a means to lower the car machinery area. The letters and figures on such plates shall be not
in case of power failure. The device shall be painted bright red or less than 1/4 inch (6.3 mm) in height.
orange and shall have suitable instructions for use and warnings Suspension Means.
about use affixed to the operating means. 7-3093.51.
Capacity. Suspension means shall be not less than two wire ropes or two
steel roller-type chains.
7-3093.46.
(a) The rated load for existing special access elevators shall not Suspension Ropes.
exceed 700 pounds (318 kg) and maximum clear inside net plat- 7-3093.52.
form area shall not exceed 12 feet2 (1.1 m2). The minimum rated (a) On elevators having a rated load of 450 pounds (204 kg) or
load shall be not less than that based on 40 pound/feet2 (1.91 kPa) less and operating at a rated speed of 30 feet per minute (0.15 m/s)
104
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3093.53
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

or less, suspension ropes shall be not less than 1/4 inch (6.3 mm) in (c) Maintenance shall be performed by person(s) deemed qual-
diameter. ified by the State of California Contractors State License Board.
(b) On elevators having a rated load of less than 750 pounds and Vertical and Inclined Platform (Wheelchair) Lifts and
operating at a rated speed of 30 feet per minute or less, suspension Inclined Stairway Chairlifts.
ropes shall not be less than 3/8 inch in diameter. 7-3094.
(c) Where the rated load is more than 750 pounds or the rated (a) Scope. Sections 7-3094 through 7-3094.5 pertain to special
speed exceeds 30 feet per minute, each suspension rope shall have access lifts such as vertical platform (wheelchair) lifts, inclined
a safety factor of not less than 7.5. platform (wheelchair) lifts and inclined stairway chairlifts, in-
tended for the exclusive use of persons with disabilities. These
Factor of Safety Suspension Means. sections shall apply to:
7-3093.53.
1. Vertical and inclined platform (wheelchair) lifts and inclined
The factor of safety of the suspension means shall be not less stairway chairlifts installed after April 24, 1998.
than 7 based on the manufacturers rated breaking strength. When
the car and counterweight are suspended by steel ropes and the 2. Existing vertical and inclined platform (wheelchair) lifts and
driving means is an endless steel roller type chain, the factor of inclined stairway chairlifts installed pursuant to a permanent vari-
safety of such a chain, with the rated load in the car, shall be not ance decision issued by the Occupational Safety and Health Stan-
less than 8 based on the ultimate tensile strength. dards Board, where ownership has changed, or when the lift has
been moved to a new location after April 24, 1998.
Arc of Contact of Suspension Means on Sheaves and 3. Existing vertical and inclined platform (wheelchair) lifts and
Sprockets. inclined stairway chairlifts with a rise of 5 feet (1524 mm) or less
7-3093.54. which have been altered, moved to a new location, or the key op-
The arc of contact of a wire rope on a traction sheave shall be eration has been removed.
sufficient to produce traction under all load conditions up to the 4. Existing vertical and inclined platform (wheelchair) lifts and
rated load. The arc of contact of a chain with a driving sprocket inclined stairway chairlifts with a rise greater than 5 feet (1524
shall not be less than 140 degrees. mm), which have never been issued a Permit to Operate by the
Idle Turns of Ropes on Winding Drums. Division.
7-3093.55. (b) In the event of any difference between the provisions of Sec-
tions 7-3094 through 7-3094.5 and ASME A17.1-1993 or be-
The idle turns of ropes on winding drums shall conform to the tween these orders and the provisions of any other referenced
requirements of Section 7-3042 (h) 2. codes, documents or standards, Sections 7-3094 through 7-3094.5
Securing of Wire Suspension Ropes to Winding Drums. shall govern.
7-3093.56. (c) If a section of ASME A17.1-1993 indicated a cross-refer-
The securing of wire suspension ropes to winding drums shall ence to another section in ASME A17.1-1993, such cross-refer-
conform to the requirements of Section 7-3042 (h) 1. encing shall be interpreted to mean that which is shown in ASME
A17.1-1993. If the requirement(s) specified in the referenced sec-
Splicing, Replacement and Reshackling of Suspension tion of ASME A17.1-1993 differ from the requirement(s) speci-
Ropes. fied in Sections 7-3094 through 7-3094.5 or any other applicable
7-3093.57. part of the California Code of Regulations, then the require-
ment(s) specified in Sections 7-3094 through 7-3094.5 or any oth-
Splicing is prohibited, replacement and reshackling of suspen- er applicable part of the California Code of Regulations shall
sion ropes shall conform to the requirements of Section 7-3042 (i). apply.
Fastening of Wire Rope Suspension Means to the Car or to (d) If any section of Sections 7-3094 through 7-3094.5 indicates
the Counterweights. a cross-reference to another section in ASME A17.1-1993, such
7-3093.58. cross-referencing shall be interpreted to mean that which is shown
The fastening of a wire rope suspension means to a car or to a in ASME A17.1-1993. If the requirement(s) specified in Sections
counterweight shall conform to the requirements of Section 7-3094 through 7-3094.5 differ from the requirement(s) specified
7-3042 (j), or by properly attached fittings as recommended by in the referenced section of ASME A17.1-1993, then the require-
wire rope manufacturers. ment(s) specified in Sections 7-3094 through 7-3094.5 or any oth-
er applicable part of the California Code of Regulations shall
Replacement of Chains and Sprockets. apply.
7-3093.59. NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
If chains are used as a suspension means and a worn chain is re-
Code.
placed, all chains must be replaced and all sprockets must be re-
placed. Unaltered Existing Lifts.
7-3094.1.
Maintenance for Special Access Elevators.
(a) Existing vertical and inclined platform (wheelchair) lifts and
7-3093.60. inclined stairway chairlifts with a rise of 5 feet (1524 mm) or less,
(a) The owner shall develop, implement and maintain a written installed prior to April 24, 1998, shall be allowed to continue to
maintenance program in accordance with the manufacturer’s rec- operate in accordance with the design requirements to which they
ommendations. were originally installed.
(b) The written maintenance program shall be available to the (b) Existing vertical and inclined platform (wheelchair) lifts
division when the division conducts its inspection for issuance of and inclined stairway chairlifts installed pursuant to a permanent
the permit to operate. variance decision issued by the Occupational Safety and Health
105
7-3094.2 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Standards Board shall be allowed to continue to operate in accor- B. The cover/panel shall be kept locked and the key shall be
dance with the adopted permanent variance decision. available on the premises during normal business hours
under the control of an authorized person.
(c) Maintenance and record keeping for lifts indicated in Sec-
tions 7-3094.1 (a) and (b) shall comply with Section 7-3094.5. (h) Vertical platform (wheelchair) lifts shall be for use by per-
sons with disabilities and shall not be used to transport materials.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety 1. The lift capacity shall not be exceeded by materials belong-
Code. ing to the person with disabilities, children who are the responsi-
bility of the person with disabilities, or the attendants
Vertical Platform (Wheelchair) Lifts. accompanying the person with disabilities.
7-3094.2. (i) Durable signs with lettering on a contrasting background
(a) For purposes of this section, the provisions of ASME shall be permanently and conspicuously posted at the landing in-
A17.1-1993, Section 2000, Vertical Wheelchair Lifts, except Rule dicating the following:
2000.10a and Rule 2000.10i (2), are hereby incorporated by refer- 1. The international symbol of accessibility;
ence.
2. The lift shall not be used to transport materials or equipment;
(b) Vertical platform (wheelchair) lifts shall comply with
ASME A17.1-1993, Section 2000, Vertical Wheelchair Lifts, ex- 3. The lift capacity; and
cept Rule 2000.10a and Rule 2000.10i (2). 4. The telephone number to call in case of emergency.
(c) Vertical platform (wheelchair) lifts with a rise of 5 feet (1524 (j) Runway doors over 4 feet (102 mm) in height and
mm) or less may be installed without a runway enclosure if the constructed of nontransparent material cover may be equipped
landings and platform comply with ASME A17.1-1993, Section with a vision panel. If the vision panel is provided, the vision panel
2000, Vertical Wheelchair Lifts, Rule 2000.1c, except Rule shall:
2000.1c (1), and the following: 1. Cover an area of not less than 25 square inches (16 129
mm2);
1. The device as required in ASME A17.1-1993, Section 2000,
Rule 2000.1c (6), shall stop the downward motion of the platform 2. Be able to reject a 6-inch (152 mm) ball; and
within a maximum travel distance of 1 inch (25 mm) when acti- 3. Be centrally located on the door where the center of the panel
vated. The platform shall not move more than the available move- is not more than 42 inches (1067 mm) above the landing floor
ment of the device. level.
2. The switches as required in ASME A17.1-1993, Section (k) Where runway and runway doors of transparent construc-
2000, Rule 2000.1c (6), shall be positively opened by the device. tion are provided, detailed drawings of the materials and fasten-
ings shall be submitted to the division for review prior to
3. The operating controls at the lower landing shall be located installation. The division shall review the drawings for structural
at least 24 inches (610 mm) from any moving parts of the platform integrity between the door, framing members and fastenings in ac-
and runway, but within line sight of the platform. cordance with generally accepted installation practices.
4. The pit depth shall be no more than 4 inches (102 mm). (l) Transparent materials used for enclosures, doors or vision
panels shall be labeled as complying with ANSI Z97.1-1984.
5. A contrasting stripe shall outline the pit area.
(m) All runway doors shall be mounted flush with the inside of
(d) A separate means for disconnecting power to the lift shall be the hoistway.
provided in the runway, accessible from the bottom runway land-
ing, and used when accessing the pit or the underside of the plat- (n) On vertical platform (wheelchair) lifts where a runway en-
form. closure is installed, and the enclosure complies with ASME
A17.1-1993, Section 2000, Vertical Wheelchair Lifts, Rule
(e) When the bottom runway door is equipped with an electric 2000.1a, Runway Enclosure Provided, an intermediate landing, if
strike lock, a battery backup shall be provided to electrically un- provided, shall comply with the following provisions:
lock the door for emergency evacuation in case of power failure. 1. The access to the platform at the intermediate landing com-
(f) Fully enclosed runways, when installed, shall be illuminated plies with ASME A17.1-1993, Section 2000, Rule 2000.1a (3),
to provide not less than five foot candles of illumination inside the and the lift complies with ASME A17.1-1993, Section 2000,
platform at all times. Rules 2000.1a (4), (5), (6) and (7).
(g) Vertical platform (wheelchair) lifts shall have a manual low- 2. The intermediate landing door shall be arranged so that it
ering device. The lowering device is for use by others to lower the cannot be opened from outside the hoistway when the lift is in
lift to the lower landing should the lift’s downward motion be- operation.
come impaired. The lowering device shall comply with the fol- (o) Operating devices and controls shall comply with the fol-
lowing: lowing:
1. The device shall be secured against unauthorized use. 1. All passenger operating devices and controls shall be of the
continuous pressure type.
2. The device shall be operable or accessible from outside the 2. Operating devices shall be designed so the “up” and “down”
enclosure. circuits cannot be operated at the same time.
3. When necessary to access the runway to operate the device, (p) Vertical platform (wheelchair) lifts which require the wheel-
an opening in the runway with a lockable cover/panel shall be chair or conveyance to be rotated 90 degrees for egress shall com-
provided. The opening and cover/panel shall comply with the ply with the following:
following:
1. The platform inside dimensions may range from 42 inches
A. The opening shall be of sufficient size and located to al- (1067 mm) to 50 inches (1270 mm) on one side by 53 inches (1346
low safe access and reach to the lowering device; and mm) to 60 inches (1524 mm) on the other side.
106
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3094.3
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

2. Where there is an increase in the minimum width of 42 inch- 4. A device which complies with ASME A17.1-1993, Section
es (1067 mm), the maximum 60-inch (1524 mm) length shall be 2001, Inclined Wheelchair Lifts, Rule 2001.6e, Obstruction De-
reduced by the number of inches the width has been increased. vices, shall be provided; and
3. When the length of the platform is reduced, the platform 5. Inclined platform (wheelchair) lifts will not operate by using
width shall be increased by the same amount the length has been the landings controls unless the lift is in the fold up position.
decreased. (i) The fold-type platform, if provided, shall be parked in the
4. The side entry of the platform door on the long side shall be fold up position and clear of the stairway when the lift is not in use.
hinged at the end nearest the platform door on the short side unless A sign as required in Section 7-3094.2 (i) shall be conspicuously
the door is power operated. posted at the landings.
(q) Vertical platform (wheelchair) lifts which comply with (j) Intermediate stops, if provided, shall comply with the
ASME A17.1-1993, Section 2000, Vertical Wheelchair Lifts, following:
Rule 2000.1a, Runway Enclosure Provided, may penetrate a floor 1. A level and clear floor area or landing at each floor or level
if approved by local building authorities and fire authorities. served by special access lifts shall be provided.
(r) The vertical platform (wheelchair) lift may be locked for se- 2. The level and clear floor areas or landings shall be part of the
curity reasons but shall remain unlocked during normal business path of travel. Path of travel is a passage that may consist of walks
hours. and sidewalks, curb ramps and pedestrian ramps, lobbies and cor-
NOTE: Installation of all vertical platform (wheelchair) lifts is ridors, elevators, other improved areas, or a necessary combina-
subject to local building codes, fire regulations and contractors licen- tion thereof, that provides free and unobstructed access to and
sure. egress from a particular area or location for pedestrians and/or
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: wheelchair users.
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Code.
3. Access and egress to the platform shall be permitted only in
the loading and unloading areas.
Inclined Platform (Wheelchair) Lifts.
4. In new construction, the minimum size of landings shall be
7-3094.3. 60 inches by 60 inches (1524 mm by 1524 mm). Other dimensions
(a) For purposes of this section, the provisions of ASME may be substituted where it can be demonstrated that a person us-
A17.1-1993, Section 2001, Inclined Wheelchair Lifts, except ing a wheelchair measuring 30 inches by 48 inches (762 mm by
Rule 2001.10a and Rule 2001.10g (2), are hereby incorporated by 1219 mm) can enter and operate the lift safely.
reference. (k) Ninety degree turns when entering and exiting on inclined
(b) Inclined platform (wheelchair) lifts shall comply with platform (wheelchair) lifts shall be allowed only at the lower land-
ASME A17.1-1993, Section 2001, Inclined Wheelchair Lifts, ex- ing when two adjacent retractable ramps on the platform are used.
cept Rule 2001.10a and Rule 2001.10g (2). NOTE: The installation of all inclined platform (wheelchair) lifts
(c) As an alternative to 42-inch (1067 mm) side guards as re- is subject to local building codes, fire regulations and contractors licen-
sure.
quired in ASME A17.1-1993, Section 2001, Inclined Wheelchair
Lifts, Rule 2001.6c (1), the following shall be provided: NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
1. Power-operated safety arms, which guard the open sides of Code.
the lift, that must be lowered before the lift operates, and Inclined Stairway Chairlifts.
2. Guarding which complies with ASME A17.1-1993, Section 7-3094.4.
2001, Rule 2001.6c (2). (a) Inclined stairway chairlifts shall comply with ASME
(d) Inclined platform (wheelchair) lifts shall comply with Sec- A17.1-1993, Section 2002, Inclined Stairway Chairlifts, which is
tions 7-3094.2 (h), 7-3094.2 (i), 7-3094.2 (m), 7-3094.2 (o) and hereby incorporated by reference, except Rule 2002.10a and Rule
7-3094.2 (r). 2002.10c (2).
(e) A folding seat and seat belt shall be provided to accommo- NOTE: The installation of all inclined stairway chairlifts is subject
to local building codes, fire regulations and contractors licensure.
date a person not in a wheelchair.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
(f) Durable signs with lettering on a contrasting background Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
shall be permanently and conspicuously posted at each landing in- Code.
dicating that passengers not in a wheelchair shall use the seat and Maintenance of Special Access Lifts.
seat belt, and passengers in a wheelchair shall secure the wheels of
7-3094.5.
the wheelchair.
(a) The owner shall develop, implement and maintain a written
(g) Inclined platform (wheelchair) lifts installed on stairways maintenance program for special access lifts in accordance with
where vision of any part of the stairway is obstructed shall be pro- the manufacturer’s recommendations. The maintenance shall be
vided with an audio and visual warning device, located at the ob- performed by a qualified person and the maintenance program
structed portion of the stairway, to alert persons using the stairway shall include the following:
that the lift is in operation.
1. A routine maintenance to be performed not less than once
(h) A fold-type platform, if provided, shall comply with the every six months; and
following:
2. A procedure for checking the operation of the lift to be con-
1. Capable of being power operated from all landings; ducted not less than weekly.
2. Platform guarding shall comply with Section 7-3094.3 (c); (b) A log shall be established and maintained indicating the
3. Instructions on the operations of the lift shall be permanently following:
and conspicuously posted near the operating controls; 1. Completion date of all maintenance or repair;
107
7-3094.5 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

2. Name of person doing the maintenance or repair; and operational instructions including, but not limited to, the
3. Nature of the maintenance or repair; following:
4. Record of all malfunctions; 1. Wiring diagram;
5. Record of all accidents occurring on the lift regardless of the 2. Structure diagram;
nature of the injury; 3. Instructions for the operation of the manual lowering device
6. A record of the time when the operational check as required (if provided); and
in Section 7-3094.5 (a) (2) was conducted and name of the person
4. Key(s) which is clearly labeled for the access panel.
conducting it; and
7. Name and telephone number of person(s) to contact in a case (e) The special access lift shall be tested every five years for
of an emergency. proper operation under rated load conditions, witnessed by the di-
vision. The test shall include a check of the car or platform safety
(c) The log as required in Section 7-3094.5 (b) shall be available device, if applicable.
to the division at the time of the required inspection.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
(d) The owner shall keep at the premises where the special ac- Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
cess lift is installed a complete set of manufacturer’s maintenance Code.

108
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3095
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-16. Hand Power Man Platforms

Hoistway Construction. 2. The sides of the car shall be enclosed to a height of not less
7-3095. than 6 feet except for the necessary entrances.
(a) Enclosures. Hoistways shall be substantially enclosed to a 3. The car shall be provided with a car top.
height of not less than 6 feet above all floors on the sides not used
for entrances, and from floor to ceiling except for the necessary 4. The platform area shall not exceed 4 1/3 square feet.
entrances on the sides opposite any car entrance.
(b) Car Safety Devices. A safety device actuated by the break-
(b) Counterweight Enclosure. The counterweight shall be en- ing or slackening of the car-to-counterweight cable shall be pro-
closed for its entire travel, and no passageway shall be permitted vided. This device may be located in the crosshead. The safety
under the counterweight. device shall be capable of stopping and sustaining the car with
(c) Protection of Entrances. All hoistway entrances shall be rated load and shall be satisfactorily drop tested on each installa-
equipped with self closing gates not less than 5 feet 6 inches high, tion. A functional test shall be performed at the time of the annual
constructed to conform to the requirements of Section 7-3020 (c). inspection. This test shall be witnessed by a representative of the
1. The height of the clear hoistway entrance shall be not more division.
than the height of the car. (c) Brake. Each car shall be equipped with a brake which shall
(d) Top Clearance. be arranged to apply automatically and must be held in the open
1. The overhead clearance shall be not less than 18 inches, ex- position manually. The brake shall be capable of stopping and
cept platforms installed before June 5, 1947. sustaining the descending car with rated load, or of holding the
empty car from ascending.
2. The counterweight shall be arranged to land at the bottom of
the counterweight run before the car is within 12 inches of the (d) Sheaves. Sheaves shall comply with the applicable require-
overhead. The car shall be arranged to land on its bumpers or ments of Section 7-3038.
floor before the counterweight is within 12 inches of the overhead.
(e) Hoist Cables. The car-to-counterweight cable shall be of
(e) Hoistway Clearance. The horizontal car and counter- steel not less than 3/8 inch diameter 6 × 19 construction. The fac-
weight clearances shall comply with Section 7-3018 except the re- tor of safety of this cable and its attachments shall be not less than
quirements of Section 7-3018 (g). 10 based on static loading.
Machinery and Equipment. (f) Capacity and Loading.
7-3096.
(a) Car Construction. 1. The rated load shall not exceed 300 pounds or one person.
1. Car frames and platforms shall comply with the requirements 2. The total load of the car and rated load shall not exceed 500
of Section 7-3077 (a) 4. pounds.

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7-3097 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-17. Manlifts

Construction Requirements for Manlifts Arranged for B. Such emergency landings shall be accessible from both
Front Loading. runs of the manlift and shall be constructed to meet the
7-3097. requirements of the floor landings.
(a) Enclosures. The manlift shall be located in an enclosure C. Emergency landings shall be completely enclosed with a
protected by a self-closing, self-locking door or gate at each land- standard railing and toeboard and shall give access to the
ing located in the same relative position except where building ladder required in Section 7-3097 (i).
layout prevents identical location. Corners of gates shall be (d) Floor Opening Guards.
rounded. 1. On the ascending side of the manlift, all landings shall be pro-
EXCEPTION: The enclosure may be omitted at landings accessi- vided with a bevel guard or cone meeting the following require-
ble only to plant personnel trained to use the manlift in the performance ments:
of their duties within the plant when guards described in Sections
A. The cone shall make an angle of not less than 60 degrees
7-3097 (e) 1A and B are provided.
with the horizontal. An angle of less than 60 degrees but
1. The enclosure shall be not less than 6 feet high and of substan- not less than 45 degrees may be used where ceiling
tial material that will, if of openwork, reject a 2-inch ball. heights do not allow the clearance required by Section
2. Keys to allow access to the manlift shall be issued to autho- 7-3097 (c).
rized personnel only. B. For manlifts installed prior to 1988, the guard shall ex-
tend not less than 36 inches outward from the face of the
3. Doors or gates shall be arranged to be opened from the man- belt, measured at the center line of the belt. For manlifts
lift side without use of a key. installed after January 1, 1988, the guard shall extend
4. Doors or gates shall be located in the enclosure so that they not less than 42 inches outward from the face of the belt,
are not in line with the floor openings for the manlift. measured at the center line of the belt.
C. The cone shall be made of not less than No. 18 M.S. gage
5. Visitor Warning Requirements. A conspicuous sign having steel or material of equivalent strength or stiffness. The
the following legend: lower edge shall be rolled to a minimum diameter of
1/ inch and the interior shall be smooth with no rivets,
AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL ONLY 2
bolts, or screws protruding.
shall be displayed at each landing. Sign shall be of block letters not
less than 2 inches in height and shall be of a color offering high 2. In lieu of the fixed guards specified in Section 7-3097 (d) 1,
contrast with the background color. floating type safety cones may be used. Such floating cones are to
be mounted on hinges at least 6 inches below the underside of the
(b) Floor openings. All floor openings through which the steps floor and so constructed as to actuate a limit switch should a force
of a manlift pass shall be uniform in size, located vertically in line, of 2 pounds be applied on the edge of the cone closest to the hinge.
and shall conform to the following: The depth of this floating cone need not exceed 12 inches.
1. The clearance between the floor opening and side of the step, (e) Protection of Entrances and Exits to Steps.
measured parallel with the plane of the belt, shall be not less than 1. The entrance and exit to the manlift shall be arranged so the
7 inches nor more than 9 inches. landing area extends not less than 2 feet nor more than 3 feet from
the edge of the floor opening to the runway enclosure, measured
2. The clearance between the front edge of the step and the edge perpendicular to the plane of the manlift belt. Where the enclosure
of the floor opening, measured at the center line of the step, shall is more than 3 feet from the edge of the floor opening, or where the
be not less than 14 inches nor more than 15 inches. enclosure is not required by Section 7-3097 (a), the following
3. The radius of curvature at the corners of the floor openings additional guards shall be required:
shall be approximately 15 inches. A. A standard guardrail located so the landing area extends
not less than 2 feet nor more than 3 feet from the edge of
(c) Landings.
the floor opening to the guardrail, measured perpendicu-
1. The clearance between the floor or mounting platform and lar to the plane of the belt and
the lower edge of the conical guard above it required by Section B. Standard guardrails parallel to the side guards required
7-3097 (d) shall be not less than 7 feet 6 inches. Where this clear- by Section 7-3097, (f) and forming, with the side guards,
ance cannot be obtained, no access to the manlift shall be provided a maze type entrance to the landing area of the manlift.
and the manlift runway shall be enclosed where it passes through
2. Additional guardrails or partitions shall be required whenev-
such floor.
er arrangements are such that the loading and unloading can be
2. The landing area and access route to the manlift shall be kept done from the side of the manlift step or when access to the landing
clear at all times. area or floor opening is direct rather than by a definite guided indi-
rect route.
3. The landing surfaces at the entrances and exits to the manlift
shall be so constructed and maintained as to provide safe footing 3. The combination of side guards, enclosures, and guardrails
at all times. (Coefficient of friction of not less than 0.5.) shall be arranged to minimize the hazard of debris or materials fal-
ling down the runway for the manlift.
4. Emergency landings shall be provided as follows: (f) Side Guards for Openings.
A. Where there is a travel of 50 feet or more between floor 1. In order to preclude side loading, the floor opening at each
landings, one or more emergency landings shall be pro- landing shall be guarded on the open sides by panels of not less
vided so that there will be a landing (either floor or emer- than No. 13 M.S. gage flattened expanded metal to reject a 1-inch
gency) for every 25 feet or less of manlift travel. ball in a frame of angle iron or pipe.
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 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3097
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

2. The side guard shall be not less than 6 feet high and of a length (i) Emergency Exit Ladders.
so that the end posts are located at least to the ends of the manlift 1. A fixed metal ladder accessible from both the “up” and
step but not more than 4 inches beyond the step. “down” run of the manlift shall be provided where the vertical dis-
3. The side guards shall be located not more than 4 inches from tance between landings exceeds 20 feet.
the sides of the floor openings. EXCEPTION: Manlifts installed before June 5, 1947.
4. Both ends of the side guards shall be equipped with a handle 2. Such ladder shall be in accordance with the regulations of
projecting approximately 4 inches from the end post in the direc- Section 3277, Article 4, of Title 8, CAC (General Industry Safety
tion away from the plane of the belt. The handle shall have closed Orders) for ladders, except that enclosing cages shall not be
ends rounded to the end post of the side guard and shall extend provided.
from approximately 3 feet to 51/2 feet above the floor. A. Manlift supporting members may be used as side rails if
5. The top ends of the side guards shall be rounded where the top desired.
and end posts meet. (j) Illumination.
(g) Bottom Arrangement. 1. Both runs of the manlift shall be illuminated at all times when
1. At the bottom landing the clear area shall be not smaller than the lift is in operation. An intensity of not less than 1 foot-candle,
the area enclosed on the floors above, and any wall in front of the measured at the belt, shall be provided for the entire runway and
down-running side of the belt shall be not less than 48 inches from shall illuminate the warning signs required by Section 7-3099
the face of the belt. This space shall not be encroached upon by (i) 2.
stairs or ladders. 2. Lighting of manlift runways shall be by means of circuits per-
2. The side guards and handholds shall be installed at approxi- manently tied into the building circuits (no switches), or shall be
mately the same location as on the floors above. arranged to be turned on by the starting switch controlling the
manlift motor, or shall be controlled by switches at each landing.
3. The lower (boot) pulley shall be installed so that it is sup- Where separate switches are provided at each landing. any switch
ported by the lowest landing served. Pits are not permitted. shall turn on all lights necessary to illuminate the entire runway.
4. A mounting platform or floor shall be provided in front of the Where the runway lighting is turned on by the starting switch con-
up-run at the lowest landing, at or above the point at which the up- trolling the manlift motor, the lighting for the floor landings shall
per surface of the ascending step assumes a horizontal position. be controlled by other means.
A. The clearance between the edge of the floor or mounting 3. Adequate lighting, not less than 5-foot candles, measured at
platform and the ascending step shall be approximately the landing area, shall be provided at each floor landing.
the same as the clearance between the floor opening and 4. A light and convenience outlet shall be provided in each ma-
the step at the floors above. chine room or controller space.
B. The top surface of the mounting platform shall extend 5. A red warning light of not less than 40-watt rating shall be
the entire distance between side guards and shall be not provided immediately below the upper landing terminal and so lo-
less than 14 inches deep. cated as to shine in the passenger’s face.
(h) Top Arrangement. (k) Electrical Wiring and Equipment.
1. Top Arrangements—Clearance From Floor. A top clearance 1. Wiring and electrical equipment for the manlift shall comply
shall be provided of at least 11 feet above the top terminal landing, with the regulations of the California Electrical Code.
This clearance shall be maintained from a plane through each face
2. The disconnect means shall be located adjacent to the motor
of the belt to a vertical cylindrical plane having a diameter 2 feet
controller and shall be arranged to be locked in the open position.
greater than the diameter of the floor opening, extending upward
from the top floor to the ceiling on the up-running side of the belt. 3. Two motor starting switches are required, arranged so that if
No encroachment of structural or machine supporting members either switch should be mechanically held in the closed position
within this space shall be permitted. the other switch shall break the circuit to the drive motor and auto-
matic brake when any of the up limit stops or the stopping device
2. The top pulley shall be located so:
are actuated.
A. There shall be a clearance of at least 5 feet between the 4. The motor controller shall be located within the top landing
center of the head pulley shaft and any ceiling enclosure for the manlift.
obstruction.
(l) Access to and Work Space for Machinery.
B. The center of the head pulley shaft shall be not less than
6 feet nor more than 9 feet above the top terminal 1. An adequate platform shall be provided for servicing or re-
landing. pairing the drive machinery.
3. On the up-running side of the manlift, an emergency ladder A. All open sides of work platforms 30 inches or more
shall be provided adjacent to one of the side guards. The top rung above floor level shall be guarded by a standard rail and
of the ladder shall be located approximately 6 feet above the floor toeboard.
and side rails of the ladder shall extend not less than 31/2 feet above B. Access to work platforms shall be by means of a perma-
the top rung. The supporting member of the side guard may be nent ladder or stairs.
used as one of the side rails of the ladder.
2. Moving equipment shall be guarded against accidental
4. On the up-running side of the manlift, rails shall be provided contact.
extending from the top of each side guard on a radius to a point
approximately 3 feet above the center line of the head pulley. (m) Weather Protection.
These rails may be extensions of the supporting members of the The entire manlift and its driving mechanism shall be protected
side guards and may be carried over in a semicircle. from the weather at all times.
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Construction Requirements for Manlifts Arranged for Side 3. An emergency ladder shall be provided to allow any person
Loading. traveling above the top floor to safely return to the top floor.
7-3098. 4. Hand rails shall be provided over the head pulley to ensure a
(a) Enclosures. The enclosures for the manlift shall comply safe hand hold for any person traveling above the top floor.
with the requirements of Section 7-3097 (a). (i) Emergency Exit Ladders. Emergency exit ladders shall be
(b) Floor Openings. The floor openings through which the provided where required by and shall comply with the require-
steps of a manlift pass shall be the same size as and form no ledges ments of Section 7-3097 (i).
with the walls required by Section 7-3098 (f) and shall have the (j) Illumination. The lighting shall comply with the require-
edge of the opening on the loading side not more than 9 inches nor ments of Section 3-3097 (j).
less than 7 inches from the edge of the up or down steps.
(k) Electrical Wiring and Equipment. The electrical equip-
(c) Landings. The landings shall comply with the requirements ment shall comply with the requirements of Section 7-3097 (k).
of Section 7-3097 (c).
(l) Access to and Work Space for Machinery. The access and
(d) Floor Opening Guards. On the ascending side of the man- work space shall comply with the requirements of Section 7-3097
lift, all landings shall be provided with a bevel guard on the open (l).
side. The angle of bevel and construction of the guard shall com-
ply with the requirements of Section 7-3097 (d) (l). Mechanical Requirements and Operation.
7-3099.
(e) Protection of Entrances and Exits to Steps.
(a) Machines.
1. The entrance and exit to the manlift shall be arranged so the
landing area extends not less than 2 feet nor more than 3 feet from 1. Machines shall be of the direct connected type or shall be
the edge of the floor opening to the enclosure measured parallel to driven by multiple V-belts. Cast iron gears shall not be used.
the plane of the belt. Where the enclosure is more than 3 feet from 2. Drive (head) pulleys and idler (boot) pulleys shall have a di-
the edge of the floor opening, or where the enclosure is not re- ameter not less than given in Table 7-3099.
quired by Section 7-3097 (a), the following additional guards shall 3. The machine shall be so designed and constructed as to catch
be required: and hold the driving pulley in event of shaft failure.
A. A standard guardrail located so the landing area extends 4. All parts of the machine shall have a factor of safety of 6
not less than 2 feet nor more than 3 feet from the edge of based on a static load of 200 pounds on each horizontal step on the
the floor opening measured parallel to the plane of the up and down runs.
belt, and
(b) Brakes.
B. Standard guard rails or partitions arranged so that the ac-
cess to the floor opening is by a definite guided indirect 1. An inherently self-engaging brake requiring power or force
route. from an external source to cause disengagement that applies auto-
matically when the circuit to the drive motor is opened shall be
(f) Special Runways for Side Loading. provided on every manlift.
1. Runways shall be enclosed by smooth walls on 3 sides of the A. The brake shall be electrically released and shall be ap-
runway. The enclosure shall extend the entire height on one side, plied to the motor shaft for direct connected units.
at right angles to the faces of the belt, located not more than 9 inch-
B. No belt or connecting means, other than a direct me-
es nor less than 7 inches from the edges of the up and down steps.
chanical connection shall exist between the brake and
The enclosure shall extend from the bottom landing to the floor the head pulley on belt-driven units.
level at the top landing on the up side of the manlift and from the
2. A mechanically applied brake that will apply should the
second landing to not less than 6 feet above the top floor on the
pulley speed exceed 125 percent of rated speed or should the di-
down side. The enclosures on the up and down sides shall be lo-
rection of rotation of the head pulley be reversed shall be on every
cated parallel to the face of the belt not more than 15 inches nor
manlift.
less than 14 inches from the nose of the steps and shall extend not
less than the full width of the floor openings. A. This brake shall be applied directly to the head pulley or
the head pulley shaft at the side opposite the driving
(g) Bottom Arrangement. The bottom landing on the down means.
side shall be arranged with a platform for side unloading similar to
that at the upper floors and for front unloading on floor supporting B. The power to the drive motor shall be automatically dis-
the boot pulley. No wall or other obstruction shall be within 6 feet connected at or before the time the brake sets and shall
of the face of the down side belt at the bottom landing measured at remain disconnected until the brake or disconnecting
right angles to the face of the belt. The ascending side shall be ar- means is manually reset.
ranged with a platform for loading similar to that at upper floors 3. Either brake required by Section 7-3099 (b) 1 and Section
and above the point at which the upper surface of the ascending 7-3099 (b) 2 shall be capable of stopping and holding the manlift
step assumes a horizontal position. when the descending side is loaded with 250 pounds on each step.
(h) Top Arrangement. 4. The automatic brake required by Section 7-3099 (b) 1 shall be
1. The top landing on the up side of the belt shall be arranged for capable of stopping the manlift within not more than 12 inches
front unloading in addition to the required side unloading. No wall travel after an up limit stop device has been actuated.
or obstruction shall be within 3 feet of the edge of the up side floor (c) Belts.
opening at the top floor measured at right angles to the face of the 1. The belt shall be of hard-woven canvas, rubber-coated can-
belt. vas, leather, or other material meeting the strength requirements of
2. The top clearance and the location of the head pulley shall Section 7-3099 (c) 3 and having a coefficient of friction such that
comply with the requirements of Sections 7-3097 (h) 1 and 7-3097 when used in conjunction with an adequate tension device it will
(h) 2. meet the brake test specified in Section 7-3099 (b) 3.
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 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3099
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

2. The width of the belt shall not be less than: C. Prevent any visible deformation of the step or its sup-
port.
TOTAL RISE IN FEET BELT WIDTH IN INCHES 7. No step shall be provided unless there is a corresponding
Less than 100 12 handhold above or below it meeting the requirements of Section
100 to 150 14 7-3099 (f). If a step is removed for repairs or permanently, the
More than 150 16 handholds immediately above and below it shall be removed be-
fore the lift is again placed in service.
3. The strength of the belt shall not be less than: (f) Handholds.
STRENGTH IN POUNDS
1. Handholds attached to the belt shall be provided and so
TOTAL RISE IN FEET PER INCH WIDTH installed that they are not less than 4 feet nor more than 4 feet
Less than 100 1500 8 inches above the step tread. These shall be so located as to be
100 to 200 1800
available on both the “up” and “down” run of the belt.
More than 200 2450 2. The grab surface of the handhold shall be not less than
41/2 inches in width, not less than 3 inches in depth and shall pro-
4. Belts shall be fastened by a lapped splice or shall be butt- vide 2 inches of clearance from the belt. Fastenings for handholds
spliced with a strap on the side away from the pulley. shall not come within 1-inch of the edge of the belt.
A. For lapped splices, the overlap of the belt at the splice 3. The handhold shall be capable of withstanding without dam-
shall be not less than 3 feet where the total travel of the age a load of 300 pounds applied parallel to the run of the belt.
manlift does not exceed 100 feet, and not less than 4 feet 4. No handhold shall be provided without a corresponding step.
if the travel exceeds 100 feet. If a handhold is removed permanently or temporarily, the corre-
Where butt splices are used, the strap shall extend not sponding step and handhold for the opposite direction of travel
less than 3 feet on each side of the butt for a travel not in shall also be removed before the lift is again placed in service.
excess of 100 feet, and 4 feet for a travel in excess of 100
feet. 5. All handholds shall be of the closed type.
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Existing installations where the same handhold
B. Splices shall be fastened with special elevator bolts ar- is used for both directions.
ranged to cover the splice area effectively. These bolts 2. Existing installations where a belt flap arrangement is provided.
shall have a minimum diameter of 1/4 inch and conform (g) Up Limit Stops.
to the following:
1. Two separate automatic stop devices shall be provided to cut
NUMBER OF BOLTS
off the power and apply the brake when a loaded step passes the
BELT WIDTH IN INCHES MINIMUM LAP SPLICE BUTT SPLICE upper terminal landing.
12 20 40 A. One of these devices shall consist of two switches each
14 23 46 actuated by the deflection of a step roller due to a load on
16 27 54 the step traveling above the top floor and arranged to
stop the manlift should one or both of the switches be ac-
5. A belt that has become torn while in use on a manlift shall not tuated. Each rail shall be provided with a switch located
be spliced and put back in service. so that the device will function when the surface of the
(d) Speed. step is not more than 12 inches above the top landing.
1. The rated speed of a manlift shall not exceed 80 feet per min- B. The second device shall be a switch actuated by a lever,
ute. To take care of variations in voltage, etc., the actual no-load rod, or plate located above the center line of the head
running speed of the belt may exceed rated speed by not more than pulley but projecting over the ascending steps so as to
10 percent. just clear a passing step. The lever, rod, or plate shall be
not more than 101/2 feet above the top landing.
2. All manlifts in a given plant should run at approximately the
2. After the manlift has been stopped by an up limit stop, it shall
same speed.
be necessary to reset the device manually.
(e) Platforms or Steps. 3. After resetting an up limit stop, it shall be necessary to start
1. Steps or platforms shall be not less than 12 inches nor more the manlift by a restart button so located at the top landing as to
than 14 inches deep. measured from the belt to the edge of the step provide a clear view of both up limit stops.
or platform. 4. Existing manlifts shall be provided with an automatic limit
2. The width of the step or platform shall be not less than stop which will shut off the power and stop the belt if any passen-
17 inches nor more than 21 inches. ger rides a step more than 12 inches above the upper landing.
3. The distance between steps shall be equally spaced and not (h) Starting and Stopping Device.
less than 16 feet measured from the upper surface of one step to the 1. A manually operated starting and stopping device shall be
upper surface of the next step above it. provided.
4. The surface of the step shall be approximately level. 2. This device shall be within easy reach of the ascending and
5. Surface of the step shall be of a nonslip material. descending runs of the belt.
3. The starting and stopping means shall be so connected with
6. When subjected to a load of 400 pounds applied at the
the control lever or operating mechanism that it will cut off the
approximate center of the step, step frames or supports and their
power and apply the brake when pulled in the direction of travel.
guides shall be of adequate strength to:
4. This stop shall consist of a cotton rope with a wire center, ma-
A. Prevent the disengagement of any step roller. nila or sisal rope, marlin covered wire rope, or synthetic fiber, not
B. Prevent any appreciable misalignment. less than 3/8 inch in diameter.
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TABLE 7-3099 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

5. Where a spring is used to maintain rope tension, the rope con- than 30 days. Limit switches shall be checked weekly. Manlifts
nection shall be made in such a manner that failure of the spring found to be unsafe shall not be operated until properly repaired.
will not disconnect the operating rope.
2. Items Covered. This periodic inspection should cover all
(i) Instruction and Warning Signs. portions of the manlift and the immediate area around the manlift
1. Signs of conspicuous and easily read style, giving instruc- including but not limited to the following items:
tions for the use of the manlift, shall be posted at each landing or Steps
stenciled on the belt. Step Fastenings
A. Such signs shall be of letters not less than 1 inch in height Rails
and of a color having high contrast with the surface on Rail Supports and Fastenings
which it is stenciled or painted (white or yellow on black Rollers and Slides
or black on white or gray). Belt and Belt Tension
Handholds and Fastenings
B. The instructions shall read approximately as follows: Floor Landings
“Face the Belt.” Guardrails
“Use the Handhold.” Lubrication
“To Stop—Pull Rope in Direction of Travel.” Limit Switches
2. At the top floor, illuminated signs shall be displayed bearing Warning Signs and Lights
the following wording: Illumination
Drive Pulley
“Top Floor—Get Off.” Bottom (boot) Pulley and Clearance
A. Signs shall be in block letters not less than 2 inches in Pulley Supports
height. Motor
Driving Mechanisms
B. A sign shall be located on the inside of each side guard Brake
on front loading manlifts and not more than 2 feet above Electrical Switches
the floor at the top landing. Vibration and Misalignment
C. A sign shall be located just before reaching the top land- “Skip” on up or down run when mounting step
ing of side loading manlifts, readily visible when facing (indicating worn gears)
the side used for unloading. 3. Inspection Log. A written record shall be kept for a period of
3. At the approach to the bottom floor, an illuminated sign shall five years of findings at each inspection. Records of inspection
be displayed bearing the following wording: shall be made available to the division.
“Bottom Floor—Get Off.” (l) Design Requirements. All new manlift installations and
equipment installed after the effective date of these regulations
4. On existing installations, illuminated warning signs shall be shall meet the strength of material requirements of the “American
displayed at points before reaching the top and bottom landings. National Safety Standards for Manlifts ANSI A90.1-1969” and
(j) Carrying of Materials and Tools. the requirements of this section.
1. No freight or packaged goods shall be carried on any manlift. (m) Beams and Supports Required. Machines, machinery,
rails and pulleys shall be so supported and maintained in place as
2. No pipe, lumber, or other construction material shall be han- to effectually prevent any part from becoming loose or displaced
dled on any manlift. under the conditions imposed in service.
3. No tools except those which will fit entirely within a pocket in (n) Out-of-Service Requirements. When it is intended to re-
usual working clothes shall be carried on any manlift except that move a manlift from service for an extended period of time, the
tools may be carried inside a canvas bag having dimensions not leads to the disconnecting switch shall be disconnected and taped,
larger than 11 inches by 13 inches and provided with carrying the drive pulley and belt shall be restrained to prevent movement
loops or handles. Such bag shall be provided with a leather bot- of the belt and the floor openings shall be covered over with ply-
tom. Such bag shall not be provided with shoulder straps but shall wood not less than 3/4 inch thick fastened in place.
be carried in the passenger’s hand while he is riding the manlift.
(o) Guarding. Guarding of mechanical equipment and floor
(k) Periodic Inspections.
openings shall conform to the requirements of Subchapter 7,
1. Periodic Inspection Frequency. All manlifts shall be in- Chapter 4, Title 8, Division 1, Chapter 4, Subchapter 7 (General
spected by a competent designated person at intervals of not more Industry Safety Orders) of the California Code of Regulations.

TABLE 7-3099—IDLER AND DRIVE PULLEY DIAMETERS

MINIMUM STRENGTH MINIMUM PULLEY DIAMETER
BELT CONSTRUCTION (lb. per inch of width) (inches)
5 ply 1500 20
6 ply 1800 20
7 ply 2100 22
The above values are based on 32 ounce duck; 300 pounds per linear inch per ply.

114
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE FIGURE 7-3097 A
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

7 IN. TO 9 IN. MIN.

17 IN. TO 21 IN. MIN.

7 IN. TO 9 IN. MIN.

12 IN. TO 14 IN.
MIN.

14 IN. TO 15 IN.
MIN.

2 FT. TO 3 FT.
MIN.

APPROX. 15 FT. R

FIGURE 7-3097 A

TYPICAL FLOOR PLANS WITH MANLIFT RUNWAYS ENCLOSED—FRONT LOADING

115
FIGURE 7-3097 B 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

SAFETY BAR
5 FT. MIN.

11 FT. MIN.

6 FT. MIN.

STANDARD GUARD 60°

BELT SPLICES
MIN 2 FT.
1/ IN. MIN.
2

6 FT.
MIN.
3 FT.
MIN.

45°

60°

7 FT. 6 IN. MIN.

PLATFORM OR FLOOR

LAP BUTT

FIGURE 7-3097 B

TYPICAL FLOOR PLANS WHERE GUARD RAILINGS ARE PERMITTED—FRONT LOADING

116
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE FIGURE 7-3098 A
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

TYPICAL FLOOR PLANS

SIDE LOADING

TOP ARRANGEMENT BOTTOM ARRANGEMENT

3 FT. MIN.

6 FT. MIN.

UP RUN DOWN RUN

FIGURE 7-3098 A

TYPICAL FLOOR PLANS-SIDE LOADING

117
7-3100 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-18. Design Data, Formulas, Tests on Approved Devices

and Basic Electrical Regulations

Rated Load of Passenger Elevators. (2) Bolts and Rods, ASTM A 307.
7-3100. EXCEPTION: Steels of greater strength than those specified
(a) Minimum Rated Load of Passenger Elevators. The fol- may be used provided they have an elongation of not less than 22 per-
cent in a length of 2 inches, and provided that the stresses and deflec-
lowing formulas shall be used for determining the minimum rated tions conform to the requirements of Design Sections 7-3101 (a) 4 and
load of passenger elevators. (a) 5.
1. For a passenger elevator having an inside net platform area of 2. Wood used for platform stringers and for platform floors and
not more than 50 square feet subfloors shall conform to the requirements of ANSI 04.3—
(ASTM D 245-687).
W = 2A + 200A
2

3 3 3. Paint used for protection against fire shall be of an approved

2. For a passenger elevator having an inside net platform area of type having a flame spread rating of not over 50, applied in accor-
more than 50 square feet dance with the instructions of the manufacturer. Such ratings shall
be based on the test procedures specified in ANSI A2.5.
W = 7A + 125A − 1367
2

150 4. The stresses in car frame members and their connections,

based on the static loads imposed upon them, shall not exceed the
Where W = Minimum rated load in pounds, and A = inside net following:
platform area in square feet.
A. For steels meeting the requirements of Sections 7-3101
3. Figures 7-3100 A1, 7-3100 A2 and 7-3100 A3 are graphs of (a) 1A and 7-3101 (a) 1B, the stresses listed in Table
the above two formulas. 7-3101 A4.
(b) Additional Requirements for Passenger Overload. Pas- B. For steels of greater strength, the stresses listed in Table
senger elevators shall be designed and installed to safely lower, 7-3101 A4 may be increased proportionately based on
stop, and hold the car with an additional load up to 25 percent in the ratio of the ultimate strengths.
excess of the rated load; however, the elevator is not required to
attain rated load performance under the overload conditions. For C. For metals other than steel, the factor of safety shall be
passenger elevators, the term “125 percent of rated load” shall be not less than is required for steel.
used in place of “rated load” in the following sections: 5. The deflections of car frame and platform members, based on
1. Duplex Safeties—Section 7-3035 (b). the static loads imposed upon them, shall be not more than the fol-
lowing, irrespective of the type of steel or other metal used:
2. Function and Stopping Distance of Safeties—Section 7-3035
(c) 1. A. For crosshead, 1/960th of the span.
3. Driving Machine Brakes—Section 7-3038 (h) 2. B. For plank, 1/960th of the span.
4. Normal Terminal Stopping Devices—Section 7-3039 (a) 2. C. For stiles or uprights, as determined by Section 7-3101
(e) 3.
5. Control and Operating Circuit Requirements—Section
7-3040 (f) (5). D. For platform frame members, 1/960th of the span.
6. Absorption of Regenerative Power—California Electrical 6. The stresses and deflections in side-post-type car frame and
Code. platform members shall be based on the data and formulas listed in
this section.
Electric Elevator Car Frame and Platform Stresses and 7. For cars with corner-post or underslung-type car frames, the
Deflections. formulas and specified methods of calculation do not generally
7-3101. apply and shall be modified to suit the specific conditions and re-
(a) General Requirements. quirements in each case.
1. Steel, where used in the construction of car frames and plat- (b) Car Frame Crosshead. The stresses in the car frame cross-
forms, shall conform to the following requirements: head shall be based on the total load supported by the crosshead
with the car and its rated load at rest at the top terminal landing.
A. Steel shall be rolled, formed, forged, or cast, conforming
to the requirements of the following specifications of the 1. Where a hoisting rope sheave is mounted on the car frame, the
American Society for Testing and Materials: construction shall conform to the following:
(1) Rolled Steel, ASTM A 36, or ASTM A 283 Grade D. A. Where multiple sheaves mounted on separate sheave
shafts are used, provision shall be made to take the com-
(2) Forged Steel, ASTM 235 Class C. pressive forces, developed by tension in the hoist ropes
(3) Cast Steel, ANSI G50.1 or ASTM A 27 Grade 60/30. between the sheaves, on a strut or struts between the
EXCEPTION: Steels of greater strength than those specified sheave shaft supports, or by providing additional com-
may be used provided they have an elongation of not less than 22 per- pressive strength in the car frame or car frame members
cent in a length of 2 inches, and provided that the stresses and deflec- supporting the sheave shafts.
tions conform to the requirements of Design Sections 7-3101 (a) 4 and
(a) 5. B. Where the sheave shaft extends through the web of a car
frame member, the reduction in area of the member shall
B. Steel used for rivets, bolts, and rods shall conform to the not reduce the strength of the member below that re-
following specifications of the American Society for quired. Where necessary, reinforcing plates shall be
Testing and Materials. welded or riveted to the member to provide the required
(1) Rivets, ASTM A 502. strength. The hearing pressure shall in no case be more
118
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3101
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

than that permitted in Table 7-3101 A4 for bolts in clear- NOTE: Symbols used in the above formulas are defined in Section
ance holes. 7-3101 (h).
3. Moment of Inertia. The moment of inertia of each upright
C. Where the sheave is attached to the car crosshead by shall be not less than determined by the following formula:
means of a single threaded rod or specially designed
member or members in tension, the following require- I = KL 3∕18EH
ments shall be conformed to: NOTE: Symbols used in the above formula are defined in Section
(1) The single rod, member or members, in tension shall 7-3101 (h).
have a factor of safety 50 percent higher than the fac- (f) Freight Elevator Platforms.
tor of safety required for the suspension wire ropes, 1. The calculations for the stresses in the platform members of
but in no case less than 15. freight elevators shall be based on the following concentrated
(2) The means for fastening the single threaded rod, loads assumed to occupy the position which will produce the max-
member or members, in tension to the car frame shall imum stress:
conform to Section 7-3033 (m). A. Class A Loading: 1/4 of the rated load.
(c) Car Frame Plank (Normal). The stresses in the car frame B. Class B Loading: 75 percent of the rated load divided
plank shall be based on a uniformly distributed load equal to not into two equal loads 5 feet apart.
less than the sum of 5/8 of the rated load, 5/8 of the platform weight, C. Class C1 and C2 Loading with A Full Load Rating of
and the concentrated loads due to the tensions in the compensating 20,000 pounds or less: 80 percent of the rated load or of
ropes and traveling cables. the loaded truck, whichever is greater, divided into equal
(d) Car Frame Plank (Buffer Engagement). In calculating the loads 2 feet 6 inches apart.
stress resulting from oil-buffer engagement, 1/2 the sum of the D. Class C1 and C2 Loading with a Full Load Rating in
weight of the car and its rated load shall be considered as being excess of 20,000 pounds: 80 percent of 20,000 pounds
concentrated at each end of the plank with the buffer force applied or of the loaded truck weight whichever is the greater, di-
at the middle. The buffer force shall be considered to be that re- vided into two equal parts 2 feet 6 inches apart.
quired to produce gravity retardation with rated load in the car.
E. Class C3 Loading: Determine on the basis of the actual
The following formula shall be used to determine the stress re- loading conditions but not less than that required for
sulting from buffer engagement: Class A loading.
D(C + W) 2. Freight elevators shall be designed for one of the following
Stress = classes of loading:
2Z
Where more than one oil buffer is used, the formula shall be modi- A. Class A—General Freight Loading. Where the load is
fied to suit the location of the buffers. distributed, the weight of any single piece of freight or of
any single hand truck and its load is not more than 1/4 of
NOTE: Symbols used in the above and subsequent formulas are de-
fined in Section 7-3101 (g).
the rated load of the elevator, and the load is handled on
and off the car platform manually or by means of hand
(e) Car Frame Stiles (Uprights). The total stress in each car trucks. For this class of loading, the rated load shall be
frame upright due to tension and bending, and the slenderness ra- based on not less than 50 pounds per square foot of inside
tio of each upright and its moment of inertia, shall be determined net platform area.
in accordance with the following formulas:
B. Class B—Motor Vehicle Loading. Where the elevator
1. Stress Due to Bending and Tension. is used solely to carry automobile trucks or passenger
Total Stress = KL∕4HZ u + G∕2A automobiles up to the rated capacity of the elevator.
For this class of loading, the rated load shall be based
Where KL/4HZu is the bending stress in each upright in the plane on not less than 30 pounds per square foot of inside net
of the frame due to the live load W on the platform for the class of platform area.
loading A, B or C for which the elevator is to be used, and G/2A is
C. Class C—These loadings apply where the weight of the
the tensile stress in each upright.
concentrated load, including an industrial power or hand
K is determined by the following formulas (See Figure 7-3101 truck, if used, is more than 1/4 of the rated load and where
E): the load to be carried does not exceed the rated load.
A. For class A freight loading or passenger loading, K = There are three types of Class C loading as follows:
WE/8 Class C1—Industrial Truck Loading where truck is
carried by the elevator.
B. For class B freight loading, K = W [(E/2) -- 48] or K = Class C2—Industrial Truck Loading where truck is
WE/8, whichever is greater not carried by the elevator but used only for loading and
C. For class C freight loading, K = WE/4 is the tensile stress unloading.
in each upright. Class C3—Other loading with Heavy Concentrations
where truck is not used.
NOTE: Symbols used in the above formulas are defined in Section The following requirements shall apply to all three
7-3101 (h).
types of Class C loading:
2. Slenderness Ratio. The slenderness ratio L/R for uprights
subject to compressions other than those resulting from safety and (1) The rated load of the elevator shall be not less than
buffer action shall not exceed 120. the load (including any truck) to be carried, and shall
in no case be less than load based on 50 pounds per
EXCEPTION: Where the upper side-brace connections on passen- square foot of inside net platform area.
ger elevator car frame uprights are located at a point less than 2/3 of L
from the bottom (top fastening in car frame plank) a slenderness ratio (2) The elevator shall be provided with a two-way auto-
of L/R not exceeding 160 shall be permissible. matic leveling device.
119
7-3102 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

For Class C1 and Class C2 loadings, the following determining W, 1/2 of the weight of the plunger shall be
additional requirements shall apply: included. Where the cylinder is attached to the car
(3) For elevators with rated loads of 20,000 pounds or frame, the weight of the cylinder, the liquid in the cylin-
less, the car platform shall be designed for a loaded der, and 1/2 the weight of the plunger shall be included.
truck of weight equal to the rated load or for the actu- A = Net sectional area of plunger (area of metal) in square
al weight of the loaded truck to be used, whichever is inches.
greater. For elevators with rated loads exceeding L = Maximum free length of plunger in inches.
20,000 pounds, the car platform shall be designed R = Radius of gyration of plunger section in inches.
for a loaded truck weighing 20,000 pounds, or for the
actual weight of the loaded truck to be used, which- W/A = Maximum allowable fiber stress.
ever is greater. EXCEPTION: Plungers having a free length of 25 feet or less may
be accepted without further examination for strength and elastic stabil-
(4) For Class C2 loading, the maximum load on the car ity provided all of the following conditions exist:
platform during loading or unloading shall not ex- 1. The working pressure is 300 pounds per square inch or less.
ceed 150 percent of rated load. For any load in ex- 2. The plunger is 4 inches nominal pipe size or larger.
cess of the rated load, the driving machine motor, 3. Pipe not lighter than schedule 40 is used and not more than
brake, and traction relation shall be adequate to sus- 1/
16 inch of metal has been removed from the wall thickness in
tain and level the full 150 percent of rated load. machining.
4. The plunger is not of the telescoping type.
NOTE: When the entire rated load is loaded or unloaded by an in-
dustrial truck in increments, the load imposed on the car platform while 3. Figures 7-3102 A1 and 7-3102 A2 may be used as a guide for
the last increment is being loaded or the first increment unloaded will the maximum free lengths for various loads on some of the more
exceed the rated load by part of the weight of the empty industrial truck. common pipe sizes used for plungers.
(g) Passenger Elevator Platforms. The stresses in platform (b) Design of Joints in Plungers. Plungers composed of more
members of passenger elevators shall be based on concentrated than one section shall have the joints designed and constructed to:
loads not less than those which apply to Class A freight loading.
1. Carry in tension the weight of all plunger sections below the
(h) Formula Symbols. The symbols used in the formulas in joint, and
Section 7-3101 shall have the following meanings: 2. Transmit in compression the gross load on the plunger with a
W = Rated load in pounds. factor of safety of not less than 5 based on ultimate strength.
C = Net weight in pounds of complete elevator car. (c) Attachment of Plunger to Platform. The plunger shall be
G = Load in pounds supported by crosshead with rated load attached to the car platform with fastenings of sufficient strength
in car at rest at top terminal landing. to support the weight of the plunger with a factor of safety of not
less than 4.
K = Turning moment in inch-pounds as determined by class
of loading. (d) Plungers Subjected to External Pressure. For plungers
subjected to external pressure, the working pressure shall be not
D = Distance in inches between guide rails.
more than that indicated by the following formula:
E = Inside clear width of car in inches, except in formulas in
Sections 7-3101 (e) 3 and 7-3103 (a) 4D where E = 1. Where the ratio of t is less than 0.023:
modulus of elasticity (psi) of the material used. d
H = Vertical center distance between upper and lower guide
shoes (or rollers) in inches.
P = 333 1 −  1 − 1600 (dt )  2

L = Free length of uprights in inches (distance from lowest 2. Where the ratio of t is greater than 0.023:
fastening in crosshead to top fastening in plank). d
A = Net area of section in (inches)2. P = 28890 t − 462
d
R = least radius of gyration of section in inches. WHERE:
I = Moment of inertia of member, gross section in (inches)4. p = Working pressure in pounds per square inch.
Z = Combined section moduli of plank members, gross sec- t = Finished wall thickness in inches.
tion, (inches)3.
d = External finished diameter in inches.
Zu = Section modulus of one upright, gross section, (inches)3.
(e) Cylinder Design.
Hydraulic Plunger, Cylinder and Piping Design. 1. Cylinders shall be designed and constructed in accordance
7-3102. with the following formula:
(a) Plunger Design. Plunger shall be designed and constructed pd
in accordance with one of the following formulas: t=
2S
1. Where slenderness ratio of plunger is less than 120: WHERE:
(W/A) = 13600 -- 0.485 (L/R)2 t = Thickness of wall in inches, minimum.
2. Where slenderness ratio of plunger is greater than 120: p = Working pressure in pounds per square inch.
(W/A) = 95,000,000/(L/R)2 d = Internal diameter in inches.
WHERE: S = Design stress in pounds per square inch (12,000 psi max-
W = Allowable gross weight to be sustained by plunger. imum for mild steel and 1/5 the ultimate strength for
Where a counterweight is provided, the weight of the other metals).
counterweight plus the unbalanced weight of the coun- 2. Gray cast iron (or other brittle material), if used in the cylin-
terweight ropes may be deducted in determining W. In der assembly, shall have a factor of safety of not less than 10.
120
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3103
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

(f) Cylinder and Plunger Heads. material shall not be used. The material used shall have a factor of
1. Heads of cylinders, and heads of plungers subject to fluid safety of not less than 5 based on ultimate strength and on elonga-
pressure, shall conform to the following requirements: tion of not less than 10 percent.
3. Plain end nonferrous pipe or tubing shall have a wall thick-
A. They shall be designed and constructed in accordance
ness not less than that determined by the formula in Section
with the applicable formulas in Section 7-3102 (f) 2,
7-3102 (g) 1 where C = 0.000 and S (max) 1/5 of the ultimate
provided that steel heads shall in no case have a thick-
strength of the material used.
ness less than that required for the adjoining shell.
4. Welding of parts on which safe operation depends shall con-
B. Dished seamless heads, convex to pressure, shall have a
form to Section 7-3033 (g).
maximum allowable working pressure not more than
60 percent of that for heads of the same dimensions with 5. Threads of piping, fittings, and valves shall conform to USAS
pressure on the concave. B2.1.
C. Reinforced heads shall be designed and constructed so Hydraulic Elevator Car Frame and Platform Stresses and
that the maximum stress at rated capacity shall not ex- Deflections.
ceed 12,000 pounds per square inch for mild steel and 1/5 7-3103.
of the ultimate strength of the material for other metals. (a) General Requirements. The stresses and deflections in car
D. Pressure heads subjected to mechanical loads in addi- frame and platform members shall be based on the data and formu-
tion to fluid pressure loads shall be so designed and las listed in this section. For cars with corner post or subpost car
constructed that the combined stresses will not exceed frames, the formulas and data do not generally apply and shall be
the limits specified in Sections 7-3102 (f) 1A, 7-3102 (f) modified to suit the specific conditions in each case.
1B, and 7-3102 (f) 1C. 1. The maximum stresses in car frame uprights which are nor-
2. Heads of cylinders and heads of plungers subject to fluid mally subject to compression shall be such that the quantity
pressure shall be designed and constructed in accordance with one [(fa /Fa ) + (fb /Fb )] does not exceed unity.
of the following applicable formulas: WHERE:
A. Flat unreinforced heads: Fa = Allowable axial compressive unit stress [not exceeding
17,000 -- 0.485 (L/R)2].
t=d 4Sp Fb = Allowable bending unit stress (15,000 psi if area basis is
gross section or 18,000 psi if area basis is net section).
B. Dished seamless heads, concave to pressure: fa = Actual axial compressive unit stress based on gross sec-
5 pr tion.
t=
6S fb = Actual bending unit stress.
WHERE: L = Free length of uprights in inches (distance from lowest
t = Thickness of head in inches, minimum. fastening in crosshead to top fastening in plank).
d = Diameter of head between supporting edges in inches. R = Least radius of gyration of section in inches.
p = Working pressure in pounds per square inch. 2. The stresses in the car frame crosshead shall be based on the
total load, if any, supported by the crosshead.
S = Design stress in pounds per square inch (12,000 psi max-
imum for mild steel and 1/5 of ultimate strength for other The moment of inertia in the crosshead shall be not less than
metals). twice that of the stile section about an axis parallel to that of the
crosshead section. The connection between the crosshead and the
r = Radius to which head is dished, measured on concave stile shall have sufficient rigidity to transmit the bending moment
side in inches (not greater than d). in the stile into the crosshead.
3. Welding of parts on which safe operation depends shall con-
3. The normal stresses in the car frame plank for elevators hav-
form to Section 7-3033 (g).
ing a single plunger shall be based on a load equal to 1/2 the maxi-
(g) Pipe Design. mum static load on the plunger concentrated at each end of the
1. The minimum wall thickness of pipe for working pressures plank with the plunger force applied at the middle. Where multiple
over 250 pounds per square inch shall be determined by the fol- plungers are used, the stresses shall be analyzed for the specific
lowing formula: case. Stresses resulting from oil buffer engagement shall be calcu-
lated in accordance with Design Section 7-3101 (d).
t = (pD∕2S) + C 4. The stresses in each car frame upright due to compression and
WHERE: bending and the slenderness ratio of each upright and its moment
D = Outside diameter of pipe in inches. of inertia shall be determined in accordance with the following
formulas:
t = Minimum wall thickness in inches.
p = Working pressure in pounds per square inch. A. Stresses due to bending.
c = 0.050 for threaded pipe up to 3/8 inch pipe size. Depth of fb = (KL/4HZu )
thread in inches, for threaded pipe over 3/8 inch pipe size. WHERE:
Depth of groove in inches, for grooved pipe. 0.000 for fb = The bending stress in each upright in the plane of the
other pipe of unreduced thickness. frame due to the live load W on the platform for the class
S = Allowable stress in pounds per square inch (1/5 ultimate of loading A, B, or C for which the elevator is to be used.
strength). K = Turning moment in inch-pounds as determined by the
2. Supply piping materials and fittings shall conform with the class of loading by the following formulas:
applicable provisions of USAS B31.1.0 except that nonductile (1) For Class A freight loading or passenger loading:
121
7-3104 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

K = (WE/8) Car and Counterweight Safety Stopping Distances and

(2) For class B freight loading: Approval Data.
7-3106.
2

K = W E − 48 or K = WE
8
 (a) Stopping Distances, Type B safeties.
1. The following formulas shall be used to determine the maxi-
whichever is greater
mum and minimum stopping distances for Type B car and coun-
(3) For Class C freight loading: terweight safeties:
K = WE S=
(V) 2
+ 0.84
4 81, 144
For explanation of symbols L, H, and Zu, see Design (V) 2
Section 7-3101 (g). S′ =
231 840
B. Stresses due to compression: WHERE:
fa = Compressive stress in each upright. S = Maximum stopping distance in feet.
C. Slenderness Ratio. The slenderness ratio L/R for up- S′ = Minimum stopping distance in feet.
rights subject to compressions other than those resulting V = Governor stripping speed in feet per minute.
from buffer action shall not exceed 120.
2. Figures 7-3106 A-1 to 7-3106 A-7 show the maximum and
EXCEPTION: Where the upper side-brace connections on passen- minimum stopping distances from various governor tripping
ger elevator car frame uprights are located at a point less than 2/3 of L
from the bottom (top fastening in car frame plank), a slenderness ratio speeds.
of L/R not exceeding 160 shall be permissible. (b) Data Required for Approval.
D. Moment of Inertia. The moment of inertia of each up- 1. Two complete sets of assembly and detail drawings of the
right shall be not less than determined by the following safety device shall be submitted to the division and shall show the
formula: following:
I = KL
3
A. The construction of the safety device and the dimensions
18EH of major parts for identification.
For explanation of symbols, see Design Section 7-3101 B. The adjustment range and valves of the data as marked
(g). on the safety marking plate required by Section 7-3035
Factor of Safety for Driving Machines and Sheaves. (n).
7-3104. C. The design and operational details indicating that the
(a) Factor of Safety for Driving Machines and Sheaves. safety device complies with Sections 7-3035 (g), 7-3035
(i), 7-3035 (j), 7-3035 (k), 7-3035 (o), 7-3035 (l), and
1. The factor of safety to be used in the design of driving ma- 7-3035 (p).
chines and in the design of sheaves used with hoisting and com-
pensating ropes shall be not less than: 2. The results of performance tests conducted by the manufac-
turer or an approved testing laboratory. These tests shall be con-
A. Eight for steel, bronze, or for other metals having an ducted to demonstrate that the safety device will function
elongation of at least 14 percent in a length of 2 inches. satisfactorily within the range of loads and speeds for which the
B. Ten for cast iron, or for other metals having an elonga- safety is to be approved.
tion of less than 14 percent in a length of 2 inches. (c) Performance Tests Required for Safety Approval.
2. The load to be used in determining the factor of safety shall be 1. On Type B safeties in which the maximum retarding force
the resultant of the maximum tensions in the ropes leading from does not depend on the pull in the governor rope, the tests shall be
the sheave or drum with the elevator at rest and with rated load in of the drop-test type or of the overspeed type. On such tests the
the car. governor tripping speed need not exceed 280 feet per minute.
Governor Trip Speeds and Approval Data. 2. On Type B safeties in which the maximum retarding force de-
pends on the pull in the governor rope and the car speed at which
7-3105.
the safety is applied, the tests shall be of the drop-test type.
(a) Governor Tripping Speeds. Figure 7-3105 A gives the
maximum tripping speeds for various rated speeds. 3. On Type A safeties the tests shall be:
(b) Data Required for Approval. A. A test shall be made of the inertia application of the safe-
ty by attaching the proper weight, as determined by the
1. Two complete sets of assembly and detail drawings of the manufacturer, to the return run of the governor rope.
governor shall be submitted, and shall show the following: This weight shall be that necessary to reproduce inertia
A. The construction of the governor and the dimensions of operation of the safety at not to exceed 1/10 gravity. The
major parts for identification. inertia application shall be made with the car stationary,
and the weight when released shall move the safety parts
B. The adjustment range and values of the data as marked into contact with the rails, and
on the governor marking plate required by Section
7-3036 (h). B. A runaway test made from governor tripping speed with
the safety device applied by the governor mechanism.
2. The results of a test performed at the maximum tripping
speeds for which the approval is to be issued. This test shall be wit- 4. On Type C safeties, the tests shall be of the over speed type.
nessed by an authorized representative of the Division of Industri- The inertia application of the safety is not required.
al Safety, or the division may accept reports of witnesses (d) Factor of Safety. Parts of safeties, except springs, shall have
recognized as competent by the division. a factor of safety of not less than 3.5, and the materials used shall
122
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3106.1
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

have an elongation of not less than 15 percent in a length of 2 inch- (b) Data Required for Approval.
es. Forged, cast, or welded parts shall be stress relieved. 1. Two complete sets of detail drawings showing the assembly
EXCEPTION: Safety-rope drums, leading sheaves, and their sup- of the PESD shall be submitted to the Division and shall show the
porting brackets and safety jaw gibs may be made of cast iron and other following:
metals, provided such parts have a factor of safety of not less than 10.
A. The construction of the PESD and the dimensions of ma-
1. Rope used as a connection from the safety to the governor jor parts for identification.
rope, including rope wound on the safety rope drum, shall be not
less than 3/8 inch in diameter and shall be made of a corrosion-re- B. The shim adjustment range indicated on the safety mark-
sistant metal. Tiller rope construction shall not be used. The factor ing plate required by Section 7-3065 (b) 3.
of safety of the rope shall be not less than 5. C. Indication of how the clamping surfaces are held in the
released position.
2. The factors of safety shall be based upon the maximum
stresses developed in the parts during the operation of the safety 2. The results of performance tests conducted by the manufac-
when stopping rated load from governor tripping speed. turer or approved testing laboratory. These tests shall be con-
ducted to demonstrate that the PESD will function satisfactorily
3. Springs may be used in the operation of car or counterweights within the range of loads and speeds for which the PESD is to be
safeties. Where used, and where partially loaded prior to safety approved.
operation, the loading on the spring shall not produce a fiber stress
exceeding 1/2 the elastic limit of the material. During operation of (c) Performance Tests Required for PESD Approval.
the safety, the fiber stress shall not exceed 85 percent of the elastic 1. Tests to indicate that surfaces subjected to friction by the
limit of the material. Helical springs, where used, shall be in com- PESD will not reduce the reasonable life expectancy of such sur-
pression. faces.
4. Safety-rope leading-sheave brackets and other safety operat- 2. Tests to indicate the gripping mechanism of the PESD does
ing parts shall not be attached to or supported by wood platform not adversely affect the plunger.
members.
Factors of Safety for Suspension Wire Ropes and Design of
Plunger Engaging Safety Device for Direct Plunger Wire Rope Fastenings for Power Elevators.
Hydraulic Elevators. 7-3107.
7-3106.1. (a) Factors of Safety for Wire Ropes.
(a) Plunger Engaging Safety Device Design and Operation. 1. The factor of safety for wire ropes shall be calculated by the
The plunger engaging safety device (PESD), when used on direct following formula:
plunger hydraulic elevators to stop uncontrolled descent due to
loss of pressure, shall comply with the following requirements: f=S×N
W
1. The forces applied to the plunger shall be compressive and WHERE:
distributed over the circumference of the plunger when the PESD S = Manufacturer’s rated breaking strength of one rope.
is actuated. The force shall not exceed 28 percent of the plunger N = Number of runs of rope under load (See Note).
yield stress.
W = Maximum static load imposed on all car ropes with the
2. Supports for the PESD shall be capable of withstanding a car and its rated load at any position in the hoistway.
kinetic force of 115 percent of the total load stopping with a decel- NOTE: In the case of multiple roping, the number of runs of rope
eration of 1 g. (N) under load will be: For 2:1 roping, twice the number of ropes use;
for 3:1 roping, three times the number of ropes used; etc.
3. The PESD shall: 2. The factor of safety for wire suspension ropes shall be not less
A. Actuate when there is a loss of hydraulic pressure that than that determined by Figure 7-3107 A2 for the various rope
could cause the elevator to go into an out-of-control de- speeds.
scent, (b) Design of Wire Rope Fastenings.
B. Not release the plunger if there is downward motion of 1. Tapered babbitted-type rope sockets shall be of a design
the plunger, shown in Figure 3107 B1 as follows:
C. Be fully operational during a primary electrical system A. The axial length (L) of the tapered portion of the socket
power failure, and shall be not less than 43/4 times the diameter of the rope
used.
D. Have sufficient running clearance between the gripping B. The axial length (L′) of the open portion of the rope socket
surface and the plunger to not adversely affect the plung- shall be not less than 4 times the diameter of the rope
er or the gripping surface. used.
4. The PESD bearings, when used, shall be corrosion-resistant. C. The length of the straight bore (L″) at the small end of the
socket shall be not more than 1/2-inch (51 mm) nor less
5. Parts of the PESD and supports, except springs, shall have a
safety factor of not less than 3.5. The materials used shall have an than 1/8 inch (3.2 mm), and its outer edge shall be
rounded and free from cutting edges.
elongation of not less than 15 percent in length of 2 inches. Forged,
cast or welded parts shall be stress relieved. Roller chains, if pro- D. The diameter (d) of the hole at the large end of the ta-
vided, shall comply with ASME 29.1M-1993, which is hereby in- pered portion of the socket shall be not less than
corporated by reference. Wire rope, if provided, shall comply with 21/4 times nor more than 3 times the diameter of the wire
Section 7-3107. rope used.
123
7-3108 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

E. The diameter (d′) of the hole at the small end of the strands shall then be spread apart and where rope with fiber core is
tapered portion of the socket shall be not more than used, the fiber core shall be cut away as close as possible to the re-
shown in Table 7-3107 B1E. maining seizing.
2. Types of rope fastenings other than individual tapered bab- 4. Removal of Grease or Oil. Grease and oil shall be removed
bitted rope sockets may be accepted by the division subject to the by cleaning the outer surface of the exposed rope strands with a
following: nonflammable low-toxic solvent.
A. Data is submitted showing the results of adequate tensile 5. Turning in of Rope Strands. The exposed rope strands shall
and fatigue tests made by a qualified testing laboratory. then be bent, turned in, and bunched closely together, each strand
being turned back the same distance. The portion turned in shall
B. The fastenings shall conform to the requirements of Sec-
have a length of not less than 21/2 times the diameter of the rope
tion 7-3042 (j).
and such that, when the rope is pulled as far as possible into socket,
C. The rope socketing shall be such as to develop at least the bend of the turned-in strands shall be slightly overflush with
80 percent of the ultimate breaking strength of the stron- the mouth of the tapered socket (large end) and will be visible
gest rope to be used in such fastenings. when the socket has been babbitted. Where rope with steel core is
D. U-bolt type rope clips (clamps) shall not be used for such used, the steel core shall be cut off even with the tops of the looped
fastenings. strands.
3. Cast or forged steel rope sockets, shackle rods and their con- 6. Insertion of Bent-in Rope Strands in Socket. The rope end
nections shall be made of unwelded steel, having an elongation of shall be pulled as far as possible into the socket so that the remain-
not less than 20 percent in a length of 2 inches, conforming to ing seizing projects outside the hole at the small end of the socket.
ASTM A 235 for forged steel, and to USAS G50.1 (ASTM A 27) 7. Position of Socket Preparatory to Pouring Babbitt. The
for cast steel, and shall be stress relieved. socket shall be held in a vertical position with the large end up, and
4. The shackle rod, eye bolt, or other means used to connect the the rope held in a position truly axial with the socket. Tape or waste
rope socket to the car or counterweight, shall have a strength at may be wound around the rope at the small end of the socket to
least equal to the rope manufacturer’s rated breaking strength of prevent the babbitt from seeping through, but shall be removed af-
the rope. ter the metal has cooled.
5. Eye bolts used as connections with clevis-type sockets shall 8. Heating of Babbitt. The babbitt shall be heated to a fluidity
be of forged steel conforming to ASTM A 235 without welds. just sufficient to char a piece of soft wood such as white pine with-
out igniting it. Care shall be taken not to overheat the babbitt suffi-
6. Rope sockets shall be of such strength that the rope will break ciently to damage the rope.
before the socket is perceptibly deformed.
9. Heating of Socket-basket and Pouring of Babbitt. The
(c) Method of Babbitting Wire Ropes in Tapered Sockets. rope socket-basket shall be heated by a blowtorch flame suffi-
Where the tapered babbitted type socket is used, the method and ciently to prevent chilling of the babbitt and to insure that the bab-
procedure to be followed in making up the fastening shall conform bitt when poured will completely fill the basket, including all the
to the following: spaces between the rope strands. Following this molten babbitt
1. Handling. The rope to be socketed shall be carefully handled shall be poured slowly and evenly into the basket until it is filled to
to prevent twisting, untwisting, or kinking. a point level with the top of the opening in the large end.
2. Seizing of Rope Ends. The rope ends to be socketed shall be 10. Babbitt metal shall contain at least 9 percent antimony and
served before cutting with seizings in accordance with the follow- shall be clean and free from dross.
ing: (d) Design of Suspension Rope Equalizers. Cable equalizers
A. The seizing shall be done with annealed iron wire, pro- and their fastenings may be of types other than individual com-
vided that other methods of seizing may be used which pression spring type provided:
give the same protection from loss of rope lay. 1. Data is submitted to the division showing that adequate ten-
Where iron wire is used for seizing, the length of each sile and fatigue tests have been made by a qualified testing labora-
seizing shall be not less than the diameter of the rope. tory.
B. For nonpreformed rope, three seizings shall be made at 2. The tests show the ultimate strength of the equalizer and its
each side of the cut in the rope. fastenings in its several parts and assembly, which shall be not less
C. For preformed rope, one seizing shall be made at each than 10 percent in excess of the required strength of the suspension
side of the cut in the rope. ropes.
D. For nonpreformed rope, the first seizing shall be close to 3. Equalizers of the single-bar type or springs in tension shall
the cut end of the rope and the second seizing shall be not be used.
spaced back from the first the length of the end of the Design of Oil Buffers and Buffer Supports and Tests for
rope to be turned in. The third seizing shall be at a dis- Approval of Oil Buffers.
tance from the second equal to the length of the tapered 7-3108.
portion of the socket.
For preformed rope, the seizing shall be at a distance (a) Stroke of Oil Buffers.
from the end of the rope equal to the length of the tapered 1. The stroke shall be such that the car or the counterweight on
portion of the socket plus the length of the portion of the striking the buffer at 115 percent of rated speed shall be brought to
rope to be turned in. rest with an average retardation of not more than 32.2 feet per
3. Spreading of Rope Strands. After the rope has been seized, second, or
it shall be inserted into the socket through the hole in the small end 2. Where an emergency terminal stopping device is installed
a sufficient distance for manipulation; and where nonpreformed which conforms to the requirements of Section 7-3039 (c), and
rope is used, the first two seizings shall be removed. The rope which will limit the speed at which the car or counterweight can
124
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3109
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

strike its buffer, the buffer stroke shall be based on at least 115 per- B. The porting having the range of the minimum loads for
cent of the reduced striking speed and on an average retardation which the buffer is designed.
not exceeding 32.2 feet per second per second. 2. The approval shall include buffers of the same type or design
3. The following formula gives the value of the stopping dis- having a greater or shorter stroke, up to a maximum of 7 feet, and
tance based on gravity retardation from any initial velocity: having oil portings for any load range within the maximum and
minimum loads for which the buffer has been tested, provided that
(V) 2 the buffer will conform to the requirements of Section 7-3031 (f).
S=
19, 320
3. Certification. When the buffer has been subjected to all of the
WHERE: specified tests and all test records and data indicate that it con-
V = Initial velocity in feet per minute forms to the requirements of Sections 7-3031 and 7-3108, the lab-
S = Free fall in inches (gravity stopping distance) oratory shall issue to the manufacturer at test report and a
certificate stating that the buffer of the particular stroke, and hav-
4. Figure 7-3108 shows the gravity stopping distances based on ing the portings tested, has met the requirements for the maximum
the formula of Section 7-3108 (a) 3. and minimum loads as stated in the certificate.
(b) Retardation by Oil Buffers. Oil buffers shall develop an A copy of the test reports, together with drawings and descrip-
average retardation not in excess of 32.2 feet per second per sec- tions of the buffer to allow field identification, shall be submitted
ond, and shall develop no peak retardation greater than 80.5 feet to the division with the request for approval.
per second per second having a duration exceeding 1/25 of a sec-
ond with any load in the car from rated load to a minimum load of (g) Impact on Buffer Supports. The following formulas give
150 pounds when the buffers are struck with an initial speed of not the buffer reaction and the impact on the car and counterweight oil
more than: buffer supports resulting from buffer engagement:
1. One hundred fifteen percent of rated speed for buffers con- R = W[1 + (v 2∕2gS)]
forming with Section 7-3031 (f), and P = 2R
2. One hundred fifteen percent of the predetermined reduced The following formulas give the buffer reaction and the impact
speed for buffers conforming with the exception to Section 7-3031 on the supports of car and counterweight spring buffers which do
(f). not fully compress under the conditions outlined in Section
(c) Factor of Safety for Oil buffer Parts. The factor of safety 7-3019.
of parts of oil buffers, based on the yield point for compression R = 2W[1 + (v 2∕2gS)]
members and on the ultimate strength and elongation for other
parts, at gravity retardation with the maximum load for which the P=R
buffer is designed, shall be not less than the following: WHERE:
1. Three for materials having a elongation of 20 percent or more R = Buffer reaction in pounds.
in a length of 2 inches. P = Impact in pounds.
2. Three and one-half for materials having a elongation of from W = Weight in car plus rated load in pounds.
15 to 20 percent in a length of 2 inches. v = Speed in feet per second at impact.
3. Four for materials having a elongation of from 10 to 15 per- S = Buffer stroke in feet.
cent in a length of 2 inches.
g = 32.2 feet per second per second.
4. Five for materials having an elongation of less than 10 per-
Guide Rails, Guide Rail Brackets, Fastenings and Supports
cent in a length of 2 inches, except that cast iron shall have a factor
for Electric Elevators.
of safety of 10.
7-3109.
(d) L/R for Members Under Compression as Columns. The (a) Stresses and Deflections.
L/R ratio of members of oil buffers under compression as columns
shall be not more than 80. 1. The stresses in a guide rail, or in a rail and its reinforcement,
due to the horizontal forces imposed on the rail during loading, un-
The L/R ratio specified applies only to those main buffer mem- loading, or running, calculated without impact, shall not exceed
bers which are subject to the impact of the fully loaded car when 15,000 pounds per square inch based upon the class of loading.
striking the buffer. The deflection, calculated on the same basis, shall not exceed
(e) Buffer Oil Requirements. Oils used in oil buffers shall 1/ inch.
4
have a pour point of zero degrees F or lower a defined in ANSI EXCEPTION: Where steels of greater strength than those speci-
Z11.5 (ASTM D 97) and a viscosity index of 75 or higher as de- fied in Section 7-3109 (b) are used, the stresses may be increased pro-
fined in ANSI Z11.211 (ASTM D 2270). portionately based on the ratio of the ultimate strengths.
(f) Approval of Oil Buffers. 2. The guide rail brackets, their fastenings and supports, such as
building beams and walls, shall be capable of resisting the hori-
1. The buffer shall be approved on the basis of the engineering zontal forces imposed by the class of loading with a total deflec-
tests specified in ANSI A17.1 made by an approved testing labo- tion at the point of support of not more than 1/8 inch.
ratory or by the manufacturer and witnessed by a representative of
such an approved testing laboratory or by a representative of the (b) Requirements for Steel.
Division of Industrial Safety. Tests shall be made on a buffer of 1. Rails, brackets, fishplates, and rail clips shall be made of
each type or design to be approved and having the following oil open-hearth steel or its equivalent having a tensile strength of not
portings: less than 55,000 pounds per square inch and having an elongation
A. The porting having the range of the maximum loads for of not less than 22 percent in a length of 2 inches.
which the buffer is designed. 2. Bolts shall conform to ASTM A 307.
125
7-3110 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

3. Rivets shall conform to ASTM A 502. B. Twice the sum of the tensions in all wire ropes passing
(c) Rail Section. When shapes other than those specified in Sec- over sheaves or drums supported by the beams with
tion 7-3030 (e) are used, they shall: rated load in the car.
NOTE: These tensions are doubled to take care of impact accelerat-
1. Have a section modulus and moment of inertia equal to or ing stresses, etc.
greater than that of the sections shown in Figure 7-3030 E1 for a 3. The stresses in beams, foundations, and floors for machinery
given loading condition. and sheaves not located directly over the hoistway shall be based
2. Have a sectional area sufficient to withstand the compressive on not less than the following loads:
forces resulting from the application of the car or counterweight A. The foundation shall support the total weight of the ma-
safety device. chine, sheaves, and other equipment, and the floor, if
(d) Moment of Inertia for a Single Guide Rail. The minimum any.
moment of inertia about an axis (1-1) parallel to the base of a B. The sheave beams and the foundation bolts shall with-
single rail or to the base of a single rail and its reinforcement for a stand twice the vertical component of the tensions in all
car or counterweight with a safety device, is given in Figure hoisting ropes passing over sheaves or drums on the
7-3109 D for total weight per pair of rails and bracker spacing. foundation or beams, less the weight of the machine or
NOTE: The moments of inertia of the most common size standard sheaves.
T-rails are shown in Figure 7-3109 D as vertical lines.
C. The sheave beams and the foundation bolts shall with-
Approval of Hoistway Door Interlocks and Hoistway Door stand twice the horizontal component, if any, of the ten-
Combination Mechanical Locks and Electric Contacts sions in all hoisting ropes passing over sheaves or drums
(Contact Locks). on the foundation or beams.
7-3110. D. The foundation shall withstand twice the turning mo-
(a) Methods of Approval. ment, if any, developed by the tensions in all the hoisting
1. Hoistway door interlocks or hoistway door combination me- ropes passing over sheaves or drums on the foundation
chanical locks and electric contacts used on installations covered or beams.
by these regulations shall be of an approved type. The Division of 4. Where stresses due to loads, other than elevator loads, sup-
Industrial Safety will classify as “Approved” such hoistway door ported on beams or floor exceed those due to elevator loads, 100
locking devices that have been approved, listed, labeled, or percent of the permitted stresses may be used.
manufactured as conforming to the standards of the Underwrit- (b) Allowable Deflections.
ers’s Laboratories, Inc., or similar approved institutions, pro-
vided, however, that the division may refuse to approve such The allowable deflections of machinery and sheave beams, and
devices that do not comply with the requirements of Section their immediate supports under static load, shall not exceed
7-3021. 1/1666 of the span.
A. Drawings and test reports shall be submitted to the divi- (c) Bolts and Rivets.
sion with the request for lock approval. 1. Anchor bolts for machines or sheaves located below or to one
2. The division may classify as “Approved” hoistway door side of the hoistway shall conform to ASTM A 307.
locking devices which have not been approved, listed, labeled, or A. Total tension in anchor bolts shall not exceed 12,000
manufactured as conforming to the standards of one of the institu- pounds per square inch of net section.
tions specified in Section 7-3110 (a) (1) upon satisfactory evi-
dence that they are designed and constructed so that they do B. Total shear in anchor bolts shall not exceed 8,600
comply with the requirements of Section 7-3021. pounds per square inch of actual area in the shear plane.
EXCEPTION: Bolts made of steel having greater strength than
A. Drawings and a working model of the lock shall be sub- specified by ASTM A 307 may be used and the maximum allowable
mitted to the division for approval, together with design stresses increased proportionately based on the ratio of ultimate
data on the component parts of the locking device. strengths. Elongation shall conform to the requirements of the corre-
sponding ASTM specification.
Stresses and Deflection in Machinery and Sheave Beams 2. Bolts or rivets used to secure overhead hoisting rope
and Their Supports. hitch plates shall conform to ASTM A 307 and ASTM A 502,
7-3111. respectively.
(a) Allowable Loads and Stresses for Beams and Floors. A. Where bolts or rivets are subjected to shearing stresses
1. The stresses shall not exceed 80 percent of those permitted for due to tension in the hoisting ropes, the total shear shall
static loads. not be more than 8,600 pounds per square inch of actual
area in the shear plane. The stresses in welds shall not be
A. Structural steel by AISC Specification for Design Fab- more than 8,000 pounds per square inch based on the
rication and Erection of Structural Steel Building. throat area of the welds.
B. Reinforced concrete by ANSI A89.1 Concrete Building EXCEPTION: Bolts made of steel having greater strength than
Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete. specified by ASTM A 307 may be used and the maximum allowable
stresses increased proportionately based on the ratio of ultimate
2. The stresses in overhead beams, floors, and their supports strengths. Elongation shall conform to the requirements of the corre-
shall be based on not less than the sum of the following loads: sponding ASTM specification.
A. The load resting on the beams and supports, which shall 3. The fastenings used to attach equipment, except rail brackets,
include the complete weight of the machine, sheaves, to the supporting structure shall be designed to withstand seismic
controller, governor, and any other equipment, together forces of 1.0 g. horizontally and 0.5 g. vertically acting simulta-
with that portion, if any, of the machine room floor sup- neously when such fastenings are rigid or when fastenings use
ported thereon. rubber or similar material for vibration isolation of equipment.
126
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3113
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Fastenings using springs for vibration isolation of equipment shall scribed in the following sections in addition to all other applicable
be designed to withstand forces double those for rigid fastenings. requirements of Articles 7-7, 7-8 and 7-9:
The stresses in parts or structural members made of steel shall Section
not exceed 88% of the yield strength of the material used in the fas- 1. Submission of Plans 7-3001 (a) 3
tenings.
2. Cleaning of Glass and Replacement
(d) Hitch Plates and Hitch Plate Supports. Total stresses in of Lamps 7-3001 (a) 7
tension, plus bending in hitch plates and in hitch plate shapes, shall
not be more than 12,000 pounds per square inch. The hitch plate 3. Hoistway Enclosure 7-3010 (a) 1
supporting beams shall be designed to withstand twice the sum of 7-3010 (a) 6
the tensions in all the hoisting ropes attached to the hitch plates. 7-3010 (e)
(e) Cast Metals in Tension or Bending. Cast metals having an 4. Top Clearance. Cable Elevators 7-3017 (k) 4
elongation of less than 20 percent in a length of 2 inches, which are Top Clearance. Hydraulic Elevators 7-3054 (a) 5D
subject to tension or bending, shall not be used to support machin-
ery or equipment from the underside of overhead beams or floors. 5. Access Switches 7-3021 (k) l
6. Emergency Exit 7-3034 (a) 4
Special Elevators.
7. Car Top Guardrails 7-3034 (a) 9
7-3113.
(a) Observation Elevators. Observation elevators installed in 8. Glass Passenger Car Enclosure 7-3034 (b) 5D
unenclosed hoistways shall comply with special requirements de- 9. Safeties 7-3035 (h) 4

TABLE 7-3101 A4—MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE STRESSES IN CAR FRAME AND PLATFORM MEMBERS
AND CONNECTIONS, FOR STEELS SPECIFIED IN SECTIONS 7-3101 (a) 1A AND 7-3101 (a) 1B
MEMBER TYPE OF STRESS MAX STRESS psi AREA BASIS

Car Crosshead Bending 12,500 Gross Section

Car Frame Plank Normal Loading Bending 12,500 Gross Section
Car Frame Plank Buffer Reaction Bending 25,000 Gross Section
Car Frame Uprights
p g (Stiles)
( ) Bending plus 15,000 Gross Section
Tension 18,000 Net Section
Hoisting Rope Bending plus
Hitch Shapes Tension 8,000 Net Section
Platform Framing Bending 12,500 Gross Section
Platform Stringers Bending 15,000 Gross Section
Threaded Brace Rods and other Tension 8,000 Net Section
Tension Members Except Bolts
Bolts Tension 7,000 Net Section
Bolts in Clearance Holes Shear 7,000 Actual Area in Shear Plane
Bolts in Clearance Holes Bearing 16,000 Gross Section
Rivets or Tight Body-fit Bolts Shear 10,000 Actual Area in Shear Plane
Rivets or Tight Body-fit Bolts Bearing 18,000 Gross Section
Any Framing Member, Normal Compression 14,000 -- 59L Gross Section
Loading R

TABLE 7-3107 B1E—RELATION OF ROPE DIAMETER TO SMALL DIAMETER OF SOCKET

NOMINAL ROPE DIAMETER MAXIMUM DIAMETER OF HOLE
(i h)
(inch) d′ (inch)
3/ to 7/16 inclusive 3/ larger than Nominal Rope Diameter
8 32
1/ to 3/ inclusive 1/
2 4 8 larger than Nominal Rope Diameter
7/ to 11/ inclusive 5/ larger than Nominal Rope Diameter
8 8 32
11/4 to 11/2 inclusive 3/ larger than Nominal Rope Diameter
16
General Note: 1 in. = 25.4 mm.

127
FIGURE 7-3100 A1 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

5,000

RATED LOAD IN POUNDS

4,000

3,000

2,000

1,000

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

INSIDE NET PLATFORM AREA IN SQUARE FEET

FIGURE 7-3100 A1

MINIMUM RATED LOADS FOR PASSENGER ELEVATORS

14,500

14,000

13,000

12,000
RATED LOAD IN POUNDS

11,000

10,000

9,000

8,000

7,000

6,000

5,000
50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130

INSIDE NET PLATFORM AREA IN SQUARE FEET

FIGURE 7-3100 A2

MINIMUM RATED LOADS FOR PASSENGER ELEVATORS

128
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE FIGURE 7-3100 A3
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

25,500
25,000

24,000

23,000

22,000

21,000
RATED LOAD IN POUNDS

28,000
20,000

27,000

RATED LOAD IN POUNDS

19,000

26,000
18,000

25,000
17,000

24,000
16.000
190 210 220
INSIDE NET PLATFORM AREA
IN SQUARE FEET
15,000

14,000
120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200
INSIDE NET PLATFORM AREA IN SQUARE FEET
FIGURE 7-3100 A3

MINIMUM RATED LOADS FOR PASSENGER ELEVATORS

E E E
W E − 48 E
2 2 4
OR
E L L L
4 E
8
H H H

K = WE K = W(E − 48) OR K = WE K = WE
8 2 8 4
WHICHEVER IS GREATER
CLASS A FREIGHT LOADING
OR CLASS C FREIGHT LOADING
PASSENGER LOADING CLASS B FREIGHT LOADING

FIGURE 7-3101 E

TURNING MOMENT BASED ON CLASS OF LOADING

129
FIGURE 7-3102 A1 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

NOTE 1: CURVES ARE BASED UPON THE REMOVAL NOTE 2: CURVES STOP AT 60-FOOT LENGTH FOR CON-
OF NOT MORE THAN 1/16 INCH FROM THE VENIENCE ONLY. FOR PLUNGER SIZES OR
WALL THICKNESS IN MACHINING LENGTHS NOT SHOWN ON THIS CHART, SEE THE
APPLICABLE FORMULA IN RULE 1202.1A
60
FREE PLUNGER LENGTH IN FEET

50

40

30

20 VERTICAL
LINES = “P” FOR
MAX. EXTERNAL
PRESSURE ON
10 PLUNGER

0
0 10 20 30 40 50

GROSS WEIGHT “W” IN THOUSAND LB (SEE RULE 1202.1A)

FIGURE 7-3102 A1

ALLOWABLE GROSS LOADS

NOTE 1: CURVES ARE BASED UPON THE REMOVAL OF NOTE 2: CURVES STOP AT 60-FOOT LENGTH FOR CON-
NOT MORE THAN 1/16 INCH FROM THE WALL VENIENCE ONLY. FOR PLUNGER SIZES OR
THICKNESS IN MACHINING LENGTHS NOT SHOWN ON THIS CHART, SEE THE
APPLICABLE FORMULA IN RULE 1202.1A

60

50
FREE PLUNGER LENGTH IN FEET

10” SCHED. 40 (PLUNGER PIPE SIZE)

VERTICAL LINES = “P”

40 FOR MAX. EXTERNAL
PRESSURE ON
PLUNGER

30
12” SCHED. 40
14” SCHED. 40

16” SCHED. 40

18” SCHED. 40
10” SCHED. 80

12” SCHED. 80

14” SCHED. 80

16” SCHED. 80

18” SCHED. 80

20

10

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

GROSS WEIGHT “W” IN THOUSAND LB (SEE RULE 1202.1A)

FIGURE 7-3102 A2

ALLOWABLE GROSS LOADS

130
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE FIGURE 7-3105 A
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

1,200

GOVERNOR TRIPPING SPEED

1,100 300

IN FEET PER MINIUTE

GOVERNOR TRIPPING SPEED IN FEET PER MINUTE

1,000 200

900 100
0 100 200

RATED CAR SPEED

800 IN FEET PER MINUTE 1,700

GOVERNOR TRIPPING SPEED

700 1,600

1,500

IN FEET PER MINIUTE

600

500 1,400

400 1,300

300 1,200
1,000 1,100 1,200 1,300 1,400 1,500

200
200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1,000 1,000
RATED CAR SPEED IN FEET PER MINUTE

FIGURE 7-3105 A

MAXIMUM GOVERNOR TRIPPING SPEEDS

1,000

1,000
GOVERNOR TRIPPING SPEED IN FEET PER MINUTE

900 MINIMUM STOP

DISTANCE

800

700

600

500

MAXIMUM STOP
400 DISTANCE

300

200

100
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
STOPPING DISTANCE IN FEET
FIGURE 7-3106 A1

STOPPING DISTANCES FOR TYPE B CAR AND COUNTERWEIGHT SAFETIES

131
FIGURE 7-3106 A2 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

GOVERNOR TRIPPING SPEED IN FEET PER MINUTE

1,800

1,700

1,600

1,500 MINIMUM STOP

DISTANCE

1,400

1,300

1,200

1,000
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
STOPPING DISTANCE IN FEET

FIGURE 7-3106 A2

STOPPING DISTANCES FOR TYPE B CAR AND COUNTERWEIGHT SAFETIES

1,800
GOVERNOR TRIPPING SPEED
IN FEET PER MINUTE

1,000

900 MAXIMUM STOP

DISTANCE

800

700
7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
STOPPING DISTANCE IN FEET

FIGURE 7-3106 A3

STOPPING DISTANCES FOR TYPE B CAR AND COUNTERWEIGHT SAFETIES

1,400
GOVERNOR TRIPPING SPEED
IN FEET PER MINUTE

1,300
MAXIMUM STOP DISTANCE

1,200

1,100

1,000
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
STOPPING DISTANCE IN FEET

FIGURE 7-3106 A4

STOPPING DISTANCES FOR TYPE B CAR AND COUNTERWEIGHT SAFETIES

132
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE FIGURE 7-3106 A5
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

GOVERNOR TRIPPING SPEED

1,550

IN FEET PER MINUTE

1,500
MAXIMUM STOP DISTANCE

1,400

1,300

1,200
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29

STOPPING DISTANCE IN FEET

FIGURE 7-3106 A5

STOPPING DISTANCES FOR TYPE B CAR AND COUNTERWEIGHT SAFETIES

1,850
GOVERNOR TRIPPING SPEED

1,800
IN FEET PER MINUTE

MAXIMUM STOP DISTANCE

1,700

1,600

1,500
28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36

STOPPING DISTANCE IN FEET

FIGURE 7-3106 A6

STOPPING DISTANCES FOR TYPE B CAR AND COUNTERWEIGHT SAFETIES

1,850
GOVERNOR TRIPPING SPEED

1,800 MAXIMUM STOP DISTANCE

IN FEET PER MINUTE

1,700

1,600

1,500
35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43

STOPPING DISTANCE IN FEET

FIGURE 7-3106 A7

STOPPING DISTANCES FOR TYPE B CAR AND COUNTERWEIGHT SAFETIES

133
FIGURE 7-3107 A2 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

12

11

FACTOR OF SAFETY
10

POWER PASSENGER ELEVATORS

9

7
0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,300 1,600
ROPE SPEED IN FEET PER MINUTE

11

10
FACTOR OF SAFETY

POWER FREIGHT ELEVATORS

8

6
0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600
ROPE SPEED IN FEET PER MINUTE

FIGURE 7-3107 A2

FACTORS OF SAFETY OF SUSPENSION WIRE ROPES OF POWER

PASSENGER AND FREIGHT ELEVATORS

di di

SEE NOTE
Lii
L Li

NOTE: ROPE SOCKET AND SHACKLE ROD MAY BE IN

ONE PIECE, AS SHOWN (UNIT CONSTRUCTION),
OR THE SOCKET AND ROD MAY BE SEPARATE.

FIGURE 7-3107 B1

TAPERED BABBITTED ROPE SOCKETS

134
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE FIGURE 7-3108
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

450

VELOCITY IN FEET PER MINUTE

400

300 450

IN FEET PER
VELOCITY
400

MINUTE
200 350
8 9 10 11
GRAVITY STOPPING
100 DISTANCE IN INCHES
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
GRAVITY STOPPING DISTANCE IN INCHES

1,450

1,400

1,300

1,200
VELOCITY IN FEET PER MINUTE

1,100

1,000

900

800 1,650
VELOCITY IN FEET

700 1,550
PER MINUTE

600 1,450
9 10 11 12 13

GRAVITY STOPPING DISTANCE IN FEET

500
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
GRAVITY STOPPING DISTANCE IN FEET

FIGURE 7-3108

GRAVITY STOPPING DISTANCE

BASED ON FORMULA OF SECTION 7-3108 (3)

135
FIGURE 7-3109 D 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

1 1
TOTAL WEIGHT PER PAIR

10,000

1--4. 29 IN.
4
OF RAILS IN LBS.

11 LB. RAIL
15i

5,000 16i

IT SPACING

0
0 5 10
MOMENT OF INERTIA IN IN.4
TOTAL WEIGHT PER PAIR

11,000
10,000
OF RAILS IN LBS.

12 LB. RAIL
4
1--4. 49 IN.

15i

5,000 16i

IT SPACING

0
0 5 10 15
MOMENT OF INERTIA IN IN.4

15,000
12i
TOTAL WEIGHT PER PAIR

14i
1--4. 78 IN.4
OF RAILS IN LBS.

15i
15 LB. RAIL

10,000

16i
17i
5,000
IT SPACING

0
0 5 10 15 20
MOMENT OF INERTIA IN IN.4

FIGURE 7-3109 D

MINIMUM MOMENT OF INERTIA ABOUT 1-1 AXIS FOR A SINGLE

GUIDE RAIL WITH ITS REINFORCEMENT

136
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE FIGURE 7-3109 D
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

21,000
20,000
TOTAL WEIGHT PER PAIR

14i
OF RAILS IN LBS.

15,000

18.5 LB. RAIL

15i

4
16i 1--9.62 IN.
10,000
17i

18i
9,000 SPACING

0
10 20 30
MOMENT OF INERTIA IN IN.4 1 1

30,000
10i
TOTAL WEIGHT PER PAIR

12i
OF RAILS IN LBS.

14i
4

22.5 LB. RAIL

1--11.17 IN.

20,000
15i

16i

10,000 17i

18i
SPACING
0
10 20 30
MOMENT OF INERTIA IN IN.4

50,000

8i
TOTAL WEIGHT PER PAIR

40,000 10i
4
OF RAILS IN LBS.

1--24.8 IN.

12i
30 LB. RAIL

14i
30,000
15i

16i
20,000
17 i

18i SPACING
10,000
20 30 40 50
MOMENT OF INERTIA IN IN.4

FIGURE 7-3109 D (Continued)

MINIMUM MOMENT OF INERTIA ABOUT 1-1 AXIS FOR A SINGLE

GUIDE RAIL WITH ITS REINFORCEMENT

137
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

138
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3120.0
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

GROUP III. NEW ELEVATOR INSTALLATIONS

Article 7-20. Hoistways, Hoistway Enclosures and

Related Construction for Electric Elevators

Construction of Hoistways and Hoistway Enclosures. will allow verification of the counterweight runby. The opening
7-3120.0. shall be protected to prevent accidental contact with the moving
(a) Construction of Hoistways and Hoistway Enclosures. equipment.
Construction of hoistways and hoistway enclosures shall comply NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
with Section 100 of ASME A17.1-1996; except for Rules 100.1a Code.
(3), and 100.1c (3); which is hereby incorporated by reference.
Guarding of Exposed Equipment.
1. Construction of hoistways and hoistway enclosures shall 7-3120.4.
comply with Sections 7-3010 (a) (6) and 7-3010 (d) (2) (B).
(a) Guarding of Exposed Equipment. Guarding of exposed
(b) Screening of Hoistway. When two or more elevators are lo- equipment shall comply with Section 104 of ASME A17.1-1996,
cated in the same hoistway, the elevators shall be fully separated which is hereby incorporated by reference.
by a material complying with the following: 1. Guarding of exposed equipment shall comply with Sections
1. Where unperforated steel is used, it shall be equal to or stron- 7-3014 (a) and 7-3014 (b).
ger than 0.0437 inch (1.110 mm) thick steel; NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
2. Where wire screen or perforated steel is used it shall be equal Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Code.
to or stronger than 0.0915 inch (2.324 mm) diameter metal grill;
Machinery and Sheave Beams, Supports and Foundations.
3. The material shall reject a ball 1 inch (25.4 mm) in diameter; 7-3120.5.
4. Be so supported and braced that when subjected to a pressure Machinery and sheave beams, supports, and foundations shall
of 100 lb/ft2 (4.79 kPa) applied horizontally at any point, the comply with Section 105 of ASME A17.1-1996, which is hereby
deflection shall not exceed 1 inch (25.4 mm). incorporated by reference.
NOTE: Screening is subject to local building code requirements. NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety Code.
Code. Pits.
Machine Rooms and Machinery Spaces. 7-3120.6.
7-3120.1. (a) Pits. Pits shall comply with Section 106 of ASME
(a) Machine Rooms and Machinery Spaces. Machine rooms A17.1-1996; except for Rules 106.1c and 106.1d (2); which is
and machinery spaces shall comply with Section 101 of ASME hereby incorporated by reference.
A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by reference. 1. Pits shall comply with Sections 7-3016 (a), 7-3016 (d) (3),
1. Machine rooms and machinery spaces shall comply with Sec- 7-3016 (d) (4), 7-3016 (d) (5) and 7-3016 (h).
tions 7-3011 (b) 3, 7-3011 (d) 1.D, 7-3011 (e) 2.D, 7-3011 (f) 2, NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
7-3011 (g), and 7-3011 (h). Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Code.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Bottom and Top Clearances and Runbys for Elevator Cars
Code. and Counterweights.
7-3120.7.
Electrical Equipment, Wiring, Pipes and Ducts in
Hoistways, Machine Rooms and Machinery Spaces. Bottom and top clearances and runbys for elevator cars and
counterweights shall comply with Section 107 of ASME
7-3120.2.
A17.1-1996; except for Rules 107.1b (1) (a) and 107.1b (1) (b);
(a) Electrical Equipment, Wiring, Pipes and Ducts in Hoist- which is hereby incorporated by reference.
ways, Machine Rooms and Machinery Spaces. Electrical NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
equipment, wiring, pipes, and ducts in hoistways, machine rooms Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
and machinery spaces shall comply with Section 102 of ASME Code.
A17.1-1996, except for the reference to ANSI/NFPA 70, which is Horizontal Car and Counterweight Clearances.
hereby incorporated by reference.
7-3120.8.
1. All electrical equipment and wiring shall comply with CCR, (a) Horizontal car and counterweight clearances shall comply
Title 24, Part 3, California State Electrical Code. with Section 108 of ASME A17.1-1996, except for Rule 108.1e
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: (1) (a), which is hereby incorporated by reference.
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety 1. The clearance between the edge of the car platform sill and
Code.
the hoistway enclosure or fascia plate may be increased to not
Location and Guarding of Counterweights. more than 71/2 inches for vertically sliding hoistway doors of the
7-3120.3. pass type or of the heavy duty type requiring special sills for extra
(a) Location and Guarding of Counterweights. Location and wide openings.
guarding of counterweights shall comply with Section 103 of NOTE: Horizontal clearance requirements for Seismic Zone 2 or
ASME A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by reference. greater are contained in Article 7-37.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
1. If the counterweight pit guard prevents viewing of the coun- Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
terweight runby, an opening in the guard shall be provided which Code.
NOVEMBER 15, 2002 SUPPLEMENT 139
7-3120.9 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Protection of Spaces Below Hoistways. shall comply with Section 111 of ASME A17.1-1996; except for
7-3120.9. Rules 111.9a, 111.9d, 111.9e and 111.10; which is hereby incorpo-
Protection of spaces below hoistways shall comply with Sec- rated by reference.
tion 109 of ASME A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by
reference. 1. Prior to installation, hoistway door locking devices shall be
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: approved by the Division, pursuant to Section 7-3120.11. Approv-
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety al criteria are specified in Section 7-3110.
Code.
Protection of Hoistway-landing Openings. 2. Hoistway access switches shall comply with Section 7-3021
7-3120.10. (k) (1), excluding the exception, and Section 7-3021 (k) (2) (B).
(a) Protection of hoistway-landing openings shall comply with
Section 110 of ASME A17.1-1996; except for Rules 110.1 and NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
110.4 (b) (2); which is hereby incorporated by reference. Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Code.
1. Protection of hoistway-landing openings shall comply with
Sections 7-3020 (a) (1), 7-3020 (a) (2), 7-3020 (a) (3) (B), 7-3020 Power Operation, Power-opening and Power-closing of
(a) (4), 7-3020 (b) (6) (B) and 7-3020 (b) (9) (C). Hoistway Doors and Car Doors or Gates.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety 7-3120.12.
Code.
Hoistway-door Locking Devices, Car Door or Gate Electric Power operation, power-opening and power-closing of hoist-
Contacts, Hoistway Access Switches and Elevator Parking way doors and car doors or gates shall comply with Section 112 of
Devices. ASME A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
7-3120.11.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
(a) Hoistway-door locking devices, car door or gate electric Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
contacts, hoistway access switches and elevator parking devices Code.

140 NOVEMBER 15, 2002 SUPPLEMENT

 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3121.0
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-21. Machinery and Equipment for Electric Elevators

Car and Counterweight Guide Rails, Guide-rail Supports Car and Counterweight Safeties.
and Fastenings. 7-3121.5.
7-3121.0. (a) Car and counterweight safeties shall comply with Section
(a) Car and counterweight guide rails, guide-rail supports and 205 of ASME A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by refer-
fastenings shall comply with Section 200 of ASME A17.1-1996, ence.
which is hereby incorporated by reference. 1. Prior to installation, car and counterweight safeties shall be
1. Guide rail supports and fastenings shall comply with Section approved by the division, pursuant to Section 7-3121.5. Approval
7-3030 (k) (3). criteria are specified in Section 7-3106 (b).
2. Where slots are used for adjustment of the distance between 2. Car and counterweight safeties shall comply with Sections
guide rails, the brackets shall be secured in their final position by a 7-3035 (c) (6) and 7-3035 (n) (4).
bolt not less than 3/8 inch diameter or by welding. NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
Code.
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Code. Speed Governors.
Buffers and Bumpers. 7-3121.6.
7-3121.1. (a) Speed governors shall comply with Section 206 of ASME
(a) Buffers and bumpers shall comply with Section 201 of A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
ASME A17.1-1996; except for Rule 201.4h; which is hereby in- 1. Prior to installation, speed governors shall be approved by the
corporated by reference. Division, pursuant to Section 7-3121.6. Approval criteria are spe-
1. Buffers and bumpers shall comply with Sections 7-3031 (j) cified in Section 7-3105 (b).
(3) and 7-3031 (o) (2). 2. Speed governors shall comply with Sections 7-3036 (h) (3)
and 7-3036 (h) (4).
2. Prior to installation, oil buffers installed shall be approved by
the Division, pursuant to Section 7-3121.1. Approval criteria are NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
specified in Section 7-3108 (f). Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Code.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety Capacity and Loading.
Code. 7-3121.7.
Counterweights. (a) Capacity and loading shall comply with Section 207 of
ASME A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
7-3121.2.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
(a) Counterweights shall comply with Section 202 of ASME Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by reference. Code.
1. Counterweights shall comply with Section 7-3032 (b) (2). Driving Machines and Sheaves.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: 7-3121.8.
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety (a) Driving machines and sheaves shall comply with Section
Code.
208 of ASME A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by refer-
Car Frames and Platforms. ence.
7-3121.3. NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
(a) Car frames and platforms shall comply with Section 203 of Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
ASME A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by reference. Code.
Terminal Stopping Devices.
1. Car frames and platforms shall comply with Sections 7-3033
(a) and 7-3033 (i) (3). 7-3121.9.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
Terminal stopping devices shall comply with Section 209 of
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety ASME A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
Code. NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Car Enclosures, Car Doors and Gates, and Car Code.
Illumination.
7-3121.4. Operating Devices and Control Equipment.
7-3121.10.
(a) Car enclosures, car doors and gates, and car illumination
shall comply with Section 204 of ASME A17.1-1996, except for (a) Operating devices and control equipment shall comply with
Rule 204.1e (2), which is hereby incorporated by reference. Section 210 of ASME A17.1-1996, except for Rule 210.4 (a),
which is hereby incorporated by reference.
1. Car enclosures, car doors and gates, and car illumination
shall comply with Sections 7-3034 (a) (3), 7-3034 (a) (4) (D), 1. Operating devices and control equipment shall comply with
7-3034 (a) (9), 7-3034 (b) (3) and 7-3034 (b) (5). Sections 7-3040 (a) (5) (F), 7-3040 (a) (7), and 7-3040 (f) (7).
2. Collapsible type car gates are prohibited. 2. Operating devices and control equipment shall comply with
the following:
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety A. Elevators with static control shall be tested for suscepti-
Code. bility to both radiated and conducted electromagnetic
141
7-3121.11 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

interference (EMI) that can be expected to occur in nor- NOTE: Earthquake requirements are in Article 7-37.
mal field operation so as not to render ineffective the NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
electrical protective devices required in Section Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
7-3121.10. Code.

B. Elevator controls shall comply with the following when Suspension Ropes and Their Connections.
a key operated in the car stop switch is provided: 7-3121.12.
(1) The controls shall be arranged so that the car will not Suspension ropes and their connections shall comply with Sec-
move, level or advance start, unless the hoistway tion 212 of ASME A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by
door(s) and the car door(s) are in the closed position, reference.
except for the required releveling or anti-creep.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
(2) The car door contacts shall be adjusted so that the Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
closed position of the car door is one inch or less. Code.
(3) A key for the switch shall be kept in the elevator ma- Welding.
chine room for use by maintenance and inspection
personnel. 7-3121.13.
Welding requirements shall comply with Section 213 of ASME
3. Electrical equipment and wiring shall comply with CCR,
A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
Title 24, Part 3, California State Electrical Code.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Code. Code.

Emergency Operation and Signaling Devices. Layout Data.

7-3121.11. 7-3121.14.
(a) Emergency Operation and Signaling Devices. Emergen- Layout data shall comply with Section 214 of ASME
cy operation and signaling devices shall comply with Section 211 A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
of ASME A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
(b) Medical Emergency Service. Medical emergency service Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
shall comply with Section 7-3041 (e). Code.

142
 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3122.0
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-22. Hydraulic Elevators

Hoistways, Hoistway Enclosures and Related Construction. Driving Machines.
7-3122.0. 7-3122.2.
(a) Hoistways, Hoistway Enclosures and Related Construc- Driving machines shall comply with Section 302 of ASME
tion. Hoistways, hoistway enclosures and related construction A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
shall comply with Section 300 of ASME A17.1-1996, which is NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
hereby incorporated by reference. Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Code.
(b) Machine Rooms and Machinery Spaces. Machine rooms Valves, Supply Piping and Fittings.
and machinery spaces shall comply with Sections 7-3011 (d) 1.D,
7-3050 (b) (7) and 7-3050 (b) (8). 7-3122.3.
Valves, supply piping and fittings shall comply with Section
(c) Electrical Equipment, Wiring, Pipes and Ducts in Hoist- 303 of ASME A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by refer-
ways, Machine Rooms and Machinery Spaces. Electrical ence.
equipment, wiring, pipes and ducts in hoistways, machine rooms NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
and machinery spaces shall comply with Section 7-3120.2. Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Code.
(d) Guarding of Exposed Equipment. Guarding of exposed
equipment shall comply with Sections 7-3120.4 (a) and 7-3052 (a) Hydraulic Machines, Tanks.
(2) (A). 7-3122.4.
(e) Pits. Pits shall comply with Section 7-3120.6 (a) 1. Tanks shall comply with Section 304 of ASME A17.1-1996, ex-
cept for Rule 304.4, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
(f) Horizontal Clearance. The horizontal clearance between NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
the enclosure and any side of the car top that is not protected by Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
guide rails shall be not more than 24 inches. Code.
(g) Protection of Hoistway Landing Openings. Protection of Terminal Stopping Devices.
hoistway landing openings shall comply with Section 7-3120.10 7-3122.5.
(a) 1. Terminal stopping devices shall comply with Section 305 of
ASME A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
(h) Hoistway-door Locking Devices, Car Door and Gate
Electric Contacts, Hoistway Access Switches and Elevator NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
Parking Devices. Hoistway-door locking devices, car door and Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Code.
gate electric contacts, hoistway access switches, and elevator
parking devices shall comply with Sections 7-3120.11 (a) 1 and Operating Devices and Control Equipment.
7-3120.11 (a) 2. 7-3122.6.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: (a) Operating Devices and Control Equipment. Operating
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety devices and control equipment shall comply with Section 306 of
Code. ASME A17.1-1996, except Rule 306.6 (a), which is hereby incor-
porated by reference.
Mechanical Equipment.
1. Operating devices and control equipment shall comply with
7-3122.1.
Sections 7-3121.10 (a) 1 and 7-3121.10 (a) 2.
(a) Mechanical Equipment. Mechanical equipment shall com-
ply with Section 301 of ASME A17.1-1996, which is hereby in- (b) Medical Emergency Service. Medical emergency service
corporated by reference. shall comply with Section 7-3121.11 (b).
(c) Electrical equipment and wiring shall comply with CCR,
(b) Car and Counterweight Guide Rails, Guide Rail Sup- Title 24, Part 3, California Electrical Code.
ports and Fastenings. Car and counterweight guide rails, guide
NOTE: Earthquake requirements are in Article 7-37.
rail supports and fastenings shall comply with Sections 7-3121.0
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
(a) 1 and 7-3121.0 (a) 2. Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
(c) Buffers and Bumpers. Buffers and bumpers shall comply Code.
with Sections 7-3121.1 (a) 1 and 7-3121.1 (a) 2. The average re- Counterweights Ropes, Rope Connections and Sheaves.
tardation for a buffer or bumper shall not be greater than 32.2 ft./ 7-3122.7.
sec2 (1g). Counterweight ropes, rope connections and sheaves shall com-
(d) Car Enclosures, Car Doors and Gates, and Car Illumina- ply with Section 307 of ASME A17.1-1996, which is hereby in-
tion. Car enclosures, car doors and gates, and car illumination corporated by reference.
shall comply with Sections 7-3121.4 (a) 1 and 7-3121.4 (a) 2. NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
(e) Car and Counterweight Safeties. Car and counterweight Code.
safeties shall comply with Sections 7-3121.5 (a) 1 and 7-3121.5 Layout Data.
(a) 2.
7-3122.8.
(f) Speed Governors. Speed governors shall comply with Sec- Layout data shall comply with Section 308 of ASME
tion 7-3121.6. A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Code. Code.
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(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-23. Power Sidewalk Elevators

Power Sidewalk Elevators. 7-3120.10 (a) 1, as they apply to freight elevators; and Sections
7-3123. 7-3120.11 (a) 1, 7-3121.1 (a) 2, 7-3121.5 (a) 1, 7-3121.6 (a) 1 and
(a) Power Sidewalk Elevators. Power sidewalk elevators shall 7-3121.10 (a) 2.
comply with Part IV of ASME A17.1-1996, which is hereby in- NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
corporated by reference. Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Code.
1. Power side walk elevators shall comply with Sections
7-3120.1 (a) 1, 7-3120.2, 7-3120.6 (a) 1, 7-3120.8 (a) 1 and

144 NOVEMBER 15, 2002 SUPPLEMENT

 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3124
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-24. Hand Elevators

Hand Elevators. 1. Hand elevators shall comply also with Section 7-3120.2.
7-3124.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
(a) Hand Elevators. Hand elevators shall comply with Part VI Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
of ASME A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by reference. Code.

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Article 7-25. Hand and Power Dumbwaiters

Hand and Power Dumbwaiters. 1. Hand and power dumbwaiters shall comply with Sections
7-3125. 7-3079 (c) (1) and 7-3120.2.
(a) Hand and Power Dumbwaiters. Hand and power dumb- NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
waiters shall comply with Part VII of ASME A17.1-1996, which Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
is hereby incorporated by reference. Code.

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 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3126.0
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-26. Escalators

Protection of Floor Openings. Driving Machine, Motor and Brake.

7-3126.0. 7-3126.4.
Protection of floor openings shall comply with Section 800 of The driving machine, motor and brake shall comply with Sec-
ASME A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by reference. tion 804 of ASME A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by
reference.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Code.
Code.
Protection of Supports and Machine Spaces Against Fire. Operating and Safety Devices.
7-3126.1. 7-3126.5.
Protection of supports and machine spaces against fire shall (a) Operating and safety devices shall comply with Section 805
comply with Section 801 of ASME A17.1-1996, which is hereby of ASME A17.1-1996, except for Rule 805.3n (1), which is here-
incorporated by reference. by incorporated by reference.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: 1 . Means shall be provided to open the power circuit to the esca-
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety lator driving machine motor and brake if a horizontal force ex-
Code. ceeding 400 lbf. is applied in the direction of travel at either side,
or exceeding 800 lbf. at the center of the front edge of the comb-
Construction Requirements. plate.
7-3126.2. NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
(a) Construction requirements shall comply with Section 802 of Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
ASME A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by reference. Code.
Lighting, Access and Electrical Work.
(b) The escalator balustrade may be provided with brushes or
7-3126.6.
sideplates between the balustrade skirt and the step to guard
against entrapment of foot, finger, clothing, shoe, sneakers, etc. (a) Lighting, access and electrical work shall comply with Sec-
tion 806 of ASME A17.1-1996, except Rule 806.4 (a), which is
1. The rigid mounting assembly for the brushes (brush carrier) hereby incorporated by reference.
affixed to the skirt panel shall project no more than 3/4 of an inch 1. All electrical equipment and wiring shall comply with CCR,
from the balustrade skirt surface. Title 24, Part 3, California State Electrical Code.
2. The Division shall inspect the installation and operation of 2. The building owner or responsible party shall provide a com-
the brushes/sideplates for entanglement, entrapment, shearing or petent person to assist the Division’s representative, where step re-
tripping hazards before the escalator is placed in service. moval is required, to gain access to the drive unit, brakes or safety
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
devices required by Section 7-3126.4 and Section 7-3126.5.
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
Code. Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Code.
Rated Speed.
Outdoor Escalators.
7-3126.3. 7-3126.7.
The rated speed of an escalator shall comply with Section 803 of Outdoor escalators shall comply with Section 807 of ASME
ASME A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by reference. A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Code. Code.

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7-3127.0 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-27. Moving Walks

Protection of Floor Openings. Driving Machine, Motor and Brake.

7-3127.0. 7-3127.4.
Protection of floor openings shall comply with Section 900 of The driving machine, motor and brake shall comply with Sec-
ASME A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by reference. tion 904 of ASME A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by
reference.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Code.
Code.
Protection of Supports and Machine Space Against Fire. Operating and Safety Devices.
7-3127.1. 7-3127.5.
Protection of supports and machine spaces against fire shall (a) Operating and safety devices shall comply with Section 905
comply with Section 901 of ASME A17.1-1996, which is hereby of ASME A17.1-1996, except for Rule 905.3k (1), which is here-
incorporated by reference. by incorporated by reference.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: 1. Means shall be provided which will cause the opening of the
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety power circuit to the escalator driving machine motor and brake if a
Code. horizontal force exceeding 400 lbf. in the direction of travel is ap-
plied at either side, or exceeding 800 lbf. At the center of the front
Construction Requirements. edge of the combplate.
7-3127.2. NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
Construction requirements shall comply with Section 902 of Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
ASME A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by reference. Code.
Lighting, Access and Electrical Work.
(a) Moving walks with balustrade skirt panels may be provided
7-3127.6.
with brushes between the balustrade skirt and the treadway to
guard against entrapment of foot, finger, clothing, shoe, sneakers, (a) Lighting, Access and Electrical Work. Lighting, access,
etc. and electrical work shall comply with Section 906 of ASME
A17.1-1996, except for Rule 906.4 (a), which is hereby incorpo-
1. The rigid mounting assembly for the brushes (brush carrier) rated by reference.
affixed to the skirt panel shall project no more than 3/4 of an inch 1. All electrical equipment and wiring shall comply with Part 3
from the balustrade skirt surface. of Title 24 of the CCR, California Electrical Code.
2. The division shall inspect the installation and the operation of 2. The building owner or responsible party shall provide a com-
the brushes for entanglement, entrapment, shearing, or tripping petent person to assist the Division’s representative, when neces-
hazards before the moving walk is placed in service. sary, to gain access to the drive unit, brakes or safety devices
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
required by Section 905 of ASME A17.1-1996, except for Rule
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety 905.3k (1), which is hereby incorporated by reference.
Code. NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Rated Speed. Code.
7-3127.3. Outdoor Moving Walks.
The rated speed of a moving walk shall comply with Section 7-3127.7.
903 of ASME A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by refer- Outdoor moving walks shall comply with Section 907 of ASME
ence. A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference: NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Code. Code.

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(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-28. Periodic and Acceptance Inspections and Tests

Periodic and Acceptance Inspections and Tests. 1005.3b, 1010.2, 1010.8, 1010.11, 1010.13 and Section 1011;
7-3128. which is hereby incorporated by reference.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
Periodic and acceptance inspections and tests shall comply with Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Part X of ASME A17.1-1996; except for Rules 1001.1, 1004.1, Code.

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(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-29. Engineering and Type Tests

Engineering and Type Tests. NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
7-3129. Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Code.
Engineering and type tests shall comply with Part XI of ASME
A17.1-1996; except for Sections 1102 and 1104; which is hereby
incorporated by reference.

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(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-30. Design Data and Formulas

Design Data and Formulas. NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
7-3130. Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Code.
Design data and formulas shall comply with Part XIII of ASME
A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by reference.

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(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-31. Material Lifts and Dumbwaiters with Automatic Transfer Devices

Material Lifts and Dumbwaiters with Automatic Transfer 1. Material lifts and dumbwaiters with automatic transfer de-
Devices. vices shall comply with Section 7-3120.2.
7-3131. NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
(a) Material lifts and dumbwaiters with automatic transfer de- Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
vices shall comply with Part XIV of ASME A17.1-1996, which is Code.
hereby incorporated by reference.

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 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3132
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-32. Special-purpose Elevators

Special-purpose Elevators. NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
7-3132. Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Code.
(a) Special-purpose elevators shall comply with Part XV of
ASME A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
1. Special-purpose elevators shall comply with Sections
7-3120.2, 7-3120.11 (a) 1, 7-3121.1 (a) 2, 7-3121.5 (a) 1 and
7-3121.6 (a) 1.

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Article 7-33. Rack and Pinion Elevators

Rack and Pinion Elevators. 2. Rack and pinion elevators shall comply with Section
7-3133. 7-3120.1 (a) 1, if the machine room and/or machinery space is a
(a) Rack and pinion elevators shall comply with Part XVI of separate room and/or space, it shall also comply with Section
ASME A17.1-1996, except for Rule 1600.3, which is hereby in- 7-3120.1 (a) 1.
corporated by reference.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
1. Rack and pinion elevators shall comply with Sections Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
7-3120.2, 7-3120.11 (a) 1 and 7-3121.1 (a) 2. Code.

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 2001 CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE 7-3134
(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-34. Inclined Elevators

Inclined Elevators. NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
7-3134. Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943(b), Health and Safety
Code.
(a) Inclined elevators shall comply with Part XVII of ASME
A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
1. Inclined elevators shall comply with Sections 7-3120.2,
7-3120.11 (a) 1 and 7-3121.1 (a) 2; and if applicable, Sections
7-3121.5 (a) 1 and 7-3121.6 (a) 1.

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Article 7-35. Screw Column Elevators

Screw Column Elevators. 2. Screw column elevators shall comply with Sections
7-3135. 7-3120.2, 7-3120.11 (a) 2, 7-3121.1 (a) 2; and if applicable, Sec-
(a) Screw columns elevators shall comply with Part XVIII of tions 7-3121.5 (a) 2 and 7-3121.6 (a) 2.
ASME A17.1-1996, which is hereby incorporated by reference. NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
1. Screw column elevators shall comply with Section Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Code.
7-3120.1(a)2 if the machine room and/or machinery space is in a
separate room and/or space.

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(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-36. Special Access Elevators and Special Access Lifts

Special Access Elevators and Special Access Lifts. NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
7-3136. Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Code.
Special access elevators and special access lifts shall comply
with Group II, Article 7-15.

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(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-37. Seismic Requirements for Elevators, Escalators and Moving Walks

Seismic Requirements for Elevators, Escalators and Moving dinal and transverse motion, additional means shall be
Walks. provided to prevent the upper ends of the truss from slip-
7-3137. ping off the building support. All other supports shall be
(a) Seismic Requirements for Elevators, Escalators and free to slide sufficiently in the longitudinal direction to
Moving Walks. Elevators shall comply with the seismic require- accommodate the remainder of the design story drift.
ments for elevators in Part XXIV of ASME A17.1-1996, except B. At the sliding end or ends, the width or widths of the
for Rule 2409.1b (1), which is hereby incorporated by reference. beam seat shall be capable of accommodating, without
damage, at least two times the current code allowable
(b) Earthquake Protective Devices. Earthquake protective de-
story drift (see Title 24, Chapter 16A, Section 1628A.8)
vices shall be designed, arranged and maintained to ensure that if
in both tensile and compressive modes.
any component fails, the elevator will go into the earthquake-
sensed mode and be removed from service in the same manner as C. Seismic restraint shall be provided in the transverse di-
though an earthquake were occurring, and that the elevator will so rection at all supports. The gap between the escalator
remain until the faulty component has been repaired and the sys- truss and the seismic restraint shall not exceed 1/4 inch
tem is again arranged to work as intended. on each side.
(c) Earthquake Sensing Device. For hospital buildings, the 3. The handrail supports shall be designed to resist a lateral load
earthquake sensing device shall activate upon excitation in a hori- of 50 lb/ft applied at the top of the handrail. In balustrades which
zontal or vertical direction of not more than 0.5g. contain glass, the glass shall not be part of the structural support
system of the handrail unless documentation can be presented, to
(d) Earthquake Protection Devices. Earthquake protection the division, to verify the glass used in support can withstand the
devices shall be arranged to be checked once a year for satisfacto- stresses occurring during an earthquake.
ry operation and shall be calibrated at intervals recommended by
the manufacturer. 4. A minimum of one seismic switch shall be provided in every
building in which an escalator or moving walk in installed.
(e) Seismic Requirements for Escalators and Moving
Walks. The following requirements apply to escalators and mov- A. The seismic switch shall activate according to manufac-
ing walks and are in addition to the requirements contained in oth- turer specifications at a level and direction established
er parts of this code: by the escalator/moving walk manufacturer and a Cali-
fornia registered professional engineer.
1. Connections which join the escalator or moving walk to the
building shall be designed for seismic loads of 0.5g in both princi- B. Activation of the seismic switch shall remove power
pal horizontal directions. from the escalator/moving walk and apply the brake.
C. Where a seismic switch is used exclusively to control the
2. The design connections shall provide for maximum design
escalator or moving walk, it shall be located in an escala-
story drift.
tor or moving walk machine room and where possible
A. Seismic restraint shall be provided. Where seismic re- shall be mounted adjacent to a vertical load-bearing
straint is provided at one end, the design shall account structural member.
for torsion. All other supports shall be free to slide in the NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
longitudinal direction. Where seismic restraint is pro- Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
vided at both ends which allows some degree of longitu- Code.

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(Part 7, Title 24, C.C.R.)

Article 7-38. Hand Power Man Platforms

Hand Power Man Platforms. NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:
7-3138. Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Code.
Hand power man platforms shall comply with Group II, Article
7-16.

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Article 7-39. Manlifts

Manlifts. NOTE: Authority cited: Section 142.3, Labor Code. Reference:

7-3139. Section 142.3, Labor Code; and Section 18943 (b), Health and Safety
Code.
Manlifts shall comply with Group II, Article 7-17.

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HISTORY NOTE APPENDIX

CALIFORNIA ELEVATOR SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CODE
(Title 24, Part 7, California Code of Regulations)

For prior history, see the History Note Appendix to the Califor- Construction Code, was published May 1, 2002. The California
nia Elevator Safety Construction Code, 1998 Triennial Edition, Building Standards Commission established November 1, 2002
effective July 1, 1999. as the effective date.
1. (DOSH 1/00) Part 7, Sections 7-3071 (j) 1. E. Approved as 4. (DOSH 1/01) Amend Part 7, Section 7-3089 (d). In accor-
submitted by the California Building Standards Commission on dance with Section 18931 (a) and within 120 days from receipt of
January 31, 2001. Filed with the Secretary of State on February 2, adopted standards, the California Building Standards Commis-
2001, effective March 4, 2001. sion filed approved amendment with the Secretary of State on
2. (DOSH 2/00) Part 7, Sections 7-3009, 7-3093–7-3093.60, March 15, 2002, effective April 14, 2002.
and 7-3136. Approved as submitted by the California Building 5. (DOSH 2/01) Amend Part 7, Section 7-3011, 7-3120.1 and
Standards Commission on July 23, 2001. Filed with the Secretary 7-3122.0. Approved as submitted by the California Building Stan-
of State on July 23, 2001, effective August 22, 2001. dards Commission on March 20, 2002, and filed with the Secre-
3. The 2001 Triennial Edition, California Elevator Safety tary of State on March 27, 2002. Effective April 25, 2002.

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162