CBSE MODEL WORKSHEET DATE : 06.06.25 TO 19.06.

25
CLASS - XII SOLUTIONS & CHEMISTRY
ELECTROCHEMISTRY

TOPIC NAME : SOLUTIONS

MULTIPLE CHOICE TYPE QUESTIONS :

01. Isotonic solutions have the same

A) Density B) Refractive index
C) Osmotic pressure D) Volume

02. Van't Hoff factor for KC solution assuming the complete dissociation is
A) 1 B) 2 C) 0.5 D) 1.5

Q.3 A 1% solution of solute ‘X’ is isotonic with a 6% solution of sucrose (molar mass  342 g mol1 ).
The molar mass of solute ' X ' is
A) 34.2 g mol1 B) 57 g mol1 C) 114 g mol1 D) 3.42 g mol1

Q.4 Which of the following relations is incorrect?

1l  a l k
R   G  k  G  k  m 
A) ka B) l C) a D) c

Q.5 The relative lowering of vapour pressure of an aqueous solution containing non-volatile solute is
0.0225. The mole fraction of the non-volatile solute is :
A) 0.80 B) 0.725 C) 0.15 D) 0.0225
Q.6 An azeotropic solution of two liquids has boiling point higher than either of them when it :
A) Is saturated
B) Shows positive deviation from Raoult's law
C) Shows negative deviation from Raoult's law
D) Shows no deviation from Raoult's law

Q.7 The system that forms maximum boiling azeotrope is:

 A) CS2 and acetone B) Benzene and toluene
C) Ethanol and acetone D) Chloroform and acetone
Q.8. An azeotropic solution of two liquids has boiling point lower than either of them when it:
A) Is saturated
B) Shows positive deviation from Raoult's law
C) Shows negative deviation from Raoult's law
D) Shows no deviation from Raoult's law

Q.9. Phenol dimerises in benzene having van't Hoff factor 0.54. Its degree of association is :
A) 0.54 B) 0.46 C) 0.92 D) 0.27

Q.10 For an electrolyte undergoing association in a solvent, the van't Hoff factor:
A) Is always greater than one B) Has negative value
C) Has zero value D) Is always less than one
Q.11. Van't Hoff factor for K 2SO4 solution, assuming complete ionization is
A) 1 B) 3 C) 13 D) 2
Q.12 Van't Hoff factor for Na2SO4 .10 H 2O solution, assuming complete ionization is
A) 1 B) 3 C) 13 D) 2
Q.13 For an electrolyte undergoing dissociation in an aqueous solution the Van't Hoff factor:
A) Is always less than one. B) Is always greater than one.
C) Has zero value. D) Has negative value.
Q.14 A compound CaCl2 .6H 2O undergoes complete dissociation in water. The Van't Hoff factor ‘i’ is :
A) 9 B) 6 C) 3 D) 4

Q.15 An azeotropic mixture of two liquids has a boiling point higher than either of the two liquids when it:
A) Shows large negative deviation from Raoult's law.
B) Shows no deviation from Raoult's law.
C) Shows large positive deviation from Raoult's law.
D) Obeys Raoult's law.

Q.16 Which of the following colligative property is used to find the molar mass of proteins?
A) Osmotic pressure B) Elevation in boiling point
C) Depression in freezing point D) Relative lowering of vapour pressure
E
Q.17 ΔG and cell for a spontaneous reaction will be :
A) Positive, negative B) Negative, negative
C) Negative, positive D) Positive, positive
Q18. The colligative property used for the determination of molar mass of polymers and proteins is :
A) Osmotic pressure
B) Depression in freezing point
C) Relative lowering in vapour pressure
D) Elevation is boiling point
Q 19 The unit of molar conductivity is
2 1 2 1 1 1 2
A) S cm mol B) S cm mol D) S cm mol
2
C) S cm mol

Q.20 Which of the following aqueous solution will have highest boiling point?
A) 1.0 M KCl B) 1.0 M K 2SO4 C) 2.0 M KCl D) 2.0 M K 2SO4

Q.21 1 mole of liquid A and 2 moles of liquid B make a solution having a total vapour pressure 40 torr.
The vapour pressure of pure A and pure B are 45 torr and 30 torr respectively. The above solution
A) Is an ideal solution. B) Shows positive deviation.
C) Shows negative deviation. D) Is a maximum boiling azeotrope.
Q.22 If molality of a dilute solution is doubled, the value of the molal elevation constant  K b  will be

A) Halved B) Doubled C) Tripled D) Unchanged

Q.23 Out of the following 1.0 M aqueous solutions, which one will show largest freezing point
depression?
A) NaCl B) Na 2SO4 C) C6 H12O6 D) Al2  SO 4 3

Q.24 A compound undergoes complete dimerization in a given organic solvent. The Van't Hoff factor ‘i’
is:
A) 2.0 B) 0.5 C) 0.25 D) 1.0
Q.25 Which one of the following pairs will not form an ideal solution?
A) Benzene and Toluene B) Nitric acid and Water
C) Hexane and Heptane D) Ethyl chloride and Ethyl bromide

Assertion and reasoning questions

Q.1 Assertion (A) : Δ mix H and Δ mix V are zero for non-ideal solutions.

Reason (R) : Solute-solvent interactions are not same as pure solute-solute and pure solvent-

solvent

interactions in non-ideal solutions.

A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the

Assertion (A).
 B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the

Assertion (A).

C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.

D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

Q.2 Assertion (A) : Addition of ethylene glycol to water lowers its freezing point.
Reason (R) : Ethylene glycol is insoluble in water due to lack of its ability to form hydrogen bonds
with water molecules.
A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
Q.3. Assertion (A) : Δ mix H and Δ mix V are zero for an ideal solution.
Reason (R) : The solution which obeys Raoult's law over the entire range of concentration is

called an ideal solution.

A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the

Assertion (A).

B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the

Assertion (A).

C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.

D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

Q.4. Assertion (A) : Δ mix H for an ideal solution is not equal to zero.
Reason (R) : A - B interactions in an ideal solution are same as between A  A and B  B
interactions.
A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

Q.5 Assertion (A) : When NaCl is added in water, elevation in boiling point is observed.
Reason (R) : Elevation in boiling point is a colligative property.
 A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
Q.6 Assertion (A) : When NaCl is added to water a depression in freezing point is observed.
Reason (R) : NaCl undergoes dissociation in water.
A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

Q.7 Assertion (A) : When NaCl is added to water, a depression in freezing point is observed.
Reason (R) : The vapour pressure of solution is increased which causes depression in freezing
point.
A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
Q.8 Assertion (A) : Osmotic pressure is a colligative property
Reason (R) : Osmotic pressure is proportional to the molality.
A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
Q.9 Assertion (A) : The enthalpy of mixing Δ mix H is equal to zero for an ideal solution.
Reason (R) : For an ideal solution the interaction between solute and solvent molecules is stronger
than the interactions between solute-solute or solvent-solvent molecules.
A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
 B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
Q.10 Assertion (A) : Elevation in boiling point is a colligative property.
Reason (R) : The lowering of vapour pressure of solution causes elevation in boiling point.
A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
Q.11. Assertion (A) : When glucose is added to water, an elevation in boiling point is observed.
Reason (R) : The lowering of vapour pressure causes elevation in the boiling point.
A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
Q.12 Assertion (A): When NaCl is added to water, a depression in freezing point is observed.
Reason (R): The lowering of vapour pressure of a solution causes depression in the freezing point.
A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason  R  is the correct explanation of the

Assertion (A).
B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason  R  is not the correct explanation of the

Assertion (A).
C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
Q.1 Calculate the molar mass of a compound when 6.3 g of it is dissolved in 27 g of chloroform to form a
solution that has a boiling point of 68.04 C . The boiling point of pure chloroform is 61.04 C and
K b for chloroform is 3.63C kg mol1 .

Q.2 18 g of a non-volatile solute is dissolved in 200 g of H 2 O freezes at 272.07 K. Calculate the

molecular mass of solute ( K f for water  1.86 K kg mol1 )

Q 3(a) Define molal depression constant. How is it related to enthalpy of fusion?
OR
 (b)What type of deviation is shown by ethanol and acetone mixture? Give reason.
What type of azeotropic mixture is formed by that deviation?

Q.4 A 3% solution of glucose (molar mass = 180 g mol1 ) is isotonic with 2.5% solution of an unknown
organic substance. Calculate the molecular weight of the unknown organic substance.

Q.5 A 4% solution of urea (molar mass  60 g mol1 ) is isotonic with 5  2% solution of an unknown
organic substance. Calculate the molecular weight of the unknown organic substance.
Q.6 A 6% solution of glucose (molar mass  180 g mol1 ) is isotonic with 2.5% solution of an
unknown organic substance. Calculate the molecular weight of the unknown organic substance.
Q.7A solution containing 60 g of a non-volatile solute in 250 g of water freezes at 270.67 K. Calculate the
molar mass of the solute.  K f of water  1.86 K kg mol 1 ).

Q.8What type of deviation from Raoult's law is shown by chloroform and acetone solution? Give reason.
Q.9 (a) What type of deviation from Raoult's law is shown by a mixture of ethanol and acetone? Give
reason.
(OR)
(b) Define Azeotrope. What type of azeotrope is formed by negative deviation from Raoult's law?
Give an example.
Q.10 A solution is prepared by dissolving 10 g of non-volatile solute in 200 g of water. It has a vapour
pressure of 31.84 mm Hg at 308 K. Calculate the molar mass of the solute.
(Vapour pressure of pure water at 308 K  32 mmHg )
Q.11 The vapour pressure of pure liquid X and pure liquid Y at 25C are 120 mm Hg and 160 mm Hg
respectively. If equal moles of X and Y are mixed to form an ideal solution, calculate the vapour
pressure of the solution.
Q.12 On mixing liquid X and liquid Y , volume of the resulting solution decreases. What type of deviation
from Raoult's law is shown by the resulting solution? What change in temperature would you
observe after mixing liquids X and Y ?

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

Q.1 A solution is prepared by dissolving 5 g of a non-volatile solute in 200 g of water. It has a vapour
pressure of 31.84 mm Hg at 300 K. Calculate the molar mass of the solute.
(Vapour pressure of pure water at 300 K  32 mmHg )

Q.2 The vapour pressure of a solvent at 283 K is 100 mm Hg. Calculate the vapour pressure of a dilute
solution containing 1 mole of a strong electrolyte AB in 50 moles of the solvent at 283 K (assuming
complete dissociation of solute AB)
Q.3 The freezing point of a solution containing 5 g of benzoic acid  M  122 g mol 1
in 35 g of

benzene is depressed by 2.94 K. What is the percentage association of benzoic acid if it forms a
dimer in solution?
 Kf for benzene  4.9 K kg mol1 

Q.4 If benzoic acid ( M  122 g mol1 ) is associated into a dimer when dissolved in benzene and the osmotic
pressure of a solution of 6.1 g of benzoic acid in 100 mL benzene is 6.5 atm at 27C , then what is
the percentage association of benzoic acid?
(Given : R  0.0821 L atm K 1 mol1 )

Q.5 0.3 g of acetic acid  M  60 g mol1  dissolved in 30 g of benzene shows a depression in freezing

point equal to 0.45C . Calculate the percentage association of acid if it forms a dimer in the solution.
(Given : K f for benzene  5.12 K kg mol1 )
Q.6 (a) Differentiate between Ideal solution and Non-ideal solution.

(b) 30 g of urea is dissolved in 846 g of water. Calculate the vapour pressure of water for this
solution if vapour pressure of pure water at 298 K is 23.8 mm Hg.
Q.7 Give reason :
(a) Measurement of osmotic pressure method is preferred for the determination of molar masses of
macromolecules such as proteins and polymers.

(b) Aquatic animals are more comfortable in cold water than in warm water.
(c) Elevation of boiling point of 1 M KCl solution is nearly double than that of 1 M sugar solution.

1
Q.8 When 19.5 g of F  CH 2  COOH (Molar mass  78 g mol ), is dissolved in 500 g of water, the

depression in freezing point is observed to be 1C . Calculate the degree of dissociation of

F  CH 2  COOH .
1
[Given : Kf for water  1.86 K kg mol ]

Q.9 Calculate the boiling point of the solution when 4 g of MgSO4 ( M  120 g mol1 ) was dissolved in

100 g of water, assuming MgSO4 undergoes complete ionization.

( K b for water  0.52 K kg mol1 )

CASE BASED TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:
The properties of the solutions which depend only on the number of solute particles but not on the
nature of the solute are called colligative properties. Relative lowering in vapour pressure is also an
example of colligative properties.
For an experiment, sugar solution is prepared for which lowering in vapour pressure was found to be
0.061 mm of Hg. (Vapour pressure of water at 20°C is 17.5 mm of Hg.)
The following questions are multiple choice questions. Choose the most appropriate answer:
(i) Relative lowering of vapour pressure for the given solution is
(a) 0.00348
(b) 0.061
(c) 0.122
(d) 1.75
(ii) The vapour pressure (mm of Hg) of solution will be
(a) 17.5
(b) 0.61
(c) 17.439
(d) 0.00348
(iii) Mole fraction of sugar in the solution is
(a) 0.00348
(b) 0.9965
(c) 0.061
(d) 1.75
OR
If weight of sugar taken is 5 g in 108 g of water then molar mass of sugar will be
(a) 358
(b) 120
(c) 240
(d) 400
(iv) The vapour pressure (mm of Hg) of water at 293 K when 25 g of glucose is dissolved in 450 g of
water is
(a) 17.2
(b) 17.4
(c) 17.120
(d) 17.02
Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:
Few colligative properties are:
(a) relative lowering of vapour pressure depends only on molar concentration of solute (mole fraction)
and independent of its nature.
(b) depression in freezing point it is proportional to the molal concentration of solution.
(c) elevation of boiling point: it is proportional to the molal concentration of solute.
(d) osmotic pressure: it is proportional to the molar concentration of solute.
A solution of glucose is prepared with 0.052 g at glucose in 80.2 g of water. (Kf= 1.86 K kg mol-1 and
Kb=52 K kg mol-1)
The following questions are multiple choice questions. Choose the most appropriate answer:

(i) Molality of the given solution is

(a) 0.0052 m
(b) 0.0036 m
(c) 0.0006 m
(d) 1.29 m
(ii) Boiling point for the solution will be
(a) 373.05 K
(b) 373.15 K
(c) 373.02 K
(d) 372.98 K

(iii) The depression in freezing point of solution will be

(a) 0.0187 K
(b) 0.035 K
(c) 0.082 K
(d) 0.067 K

(iv) Mole fraction of glucose in the given solution is

(a) 6.28 x 10-5
(b) 1.23 x 10-4
(c) 0.00625
(b) 0.00028
OR
If same amount of sucrose (C12H22O11) is taken instead of glucose then
(a) elevation in boiling point will be higher
(b) depression in freezing point will be higher
(c) depression in freezing point will be lower
(d) both (a) and (b)

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. (a) (i) Ishan's automobile radiator is filled with 1.0 kg of water. How many grams of ethylene glycol
(Molar mass  62 g mol1 ) must Ishan add to get the freezing point of the solution lowered to-

2.8C.K f for water is 1.86 K kg  mol1

(ii) What type of deviation from Raoult's law is shown by ethanol and acetone mixture? Give reason.
(OR)

(b) (i) Boiling point of water at 750 mm Hg pressure is 99.68C . How much sucrose (Molar mass
 342 g mol1 ) is to be added to 500 g of water such that it boils at 100C ( K b for water  0.52 K kg

mol1 ).
(ii) State Henry's law and write it’s any one application.
Q.2 (a) (i) Define reverse osmosis.
(ii) Why are aquatic species more comfortable in cold water in comparison to warm water ?

 
(iii) A solution containing 2g of glucose M  180 g mol1 in 100g of water is prepared at 303 K. If

the vapour pressure of pure water at 303 K is 32.8 mm Hg, what would be the vapour pressure of the
solution?
(OR)
(b) (i) Predict whether Van't Hoff factor will be less or greater than one, when Ethanoic acid is
dissolved in benzene.
(ii) Define ideal solution.
(iii) Calculate the mass of CaCl2 (molar mass  111 g mol1 ) to be dissolved in 500 g of water to

lower its freezing point by 2 K , assuming that CaCl2 undergoes complete dissociation.

( K f for water  1.86 K kg mol1 )

Q.3. (a) (i) At the same temperature, CO2 gas is more soluble in water than O 2 gas. Which one of them

will have higher value of K H and why?

(ii) How does the size of blood cells change when placed in an aqueous solution containing more
than
0.9% (mass/volume) sodium chloride?
(iii) 1 molal aqueous solution of an electrolyte A2 B3 is 60% ionized. Calculate the boiling point of
the solution.
(Given : Kb for H2O  0.52 K kg mol1 )
(OR)
(b) (i) The vapour pressures of A and B at 25C are 75 mm Hg and 25 mm Hg , respectively. If A
and B are mixed such that the mole fraction of A in the mixture is 0  4 , then calculate the mole
fraction of B in vapour phase.
 (ii) Define colligative property. Which colligative property is preferred for the molar mass
determination of macromolecules?
(iii) Why are equimolar solutions of sodium chloride and glucose not isotonic?
Q.4. (a) (i) Why is boiling point of 1 M NaCl solution more than that of 1 M glucose solution?
(ii) A non-volatile solute ‘X’ (molar mass  50 g mol 1 ) when dissolved in 78 g of benzene reduced
its vapour pressure to 90% . Calculate the mass of X dissolved in the solution.
(iii) Calculate the boiling point elevation for a solution prepared by adding 10 g of MgCl2 to 200 g

of water assuming MgCl2 is completely dissociated.

Kb for Water  0.512 K kg mol1 , Molar mass MgCl2  95 g mol1 )

(OR)
(b) (i) Why is the value of Van't Hoff factor for ethanoic acid in benzene close to 0.5 ?
(ii) Determine the osmotic pressure of a solution prepared by dissolving 2.32 102 g of K 2SO4 in

2L of solution at 25C , assuming that K 2SO4 is completely dissociated.

( R  0.082 L atm K 1 mol1 , Molar mass K2SO4  174 g mol1 )

(iii) When 25.6 g of Sulphur was dissolved in 1000 g of benzene, the freezing point lowered by
0.512 K. Calculate the formula of Sulphur Sx  .

 Kf for benzene  5.12 K kg mol1 , Atomic mass of Sulphur  32 g mol1 