Python Programming Experiment List

(BCC302 / BCC402)
EXP 1: Basics of Python
 Write a program to demonstrate basic variable declarations and data types (int, float, bool,
string).
 Use operators (+, -, *, /, %, //, **) and print results.

EXP 2: Control Flow Statements

 Implement a Python program using if, elif, and else statements.
 Write a program to check whether a number is prime or not using loops and conditionals.

EXP 3: Loops and Iterations

 Program using for and while loops to print patterns (e.g., pyramid, number patterns).
 Use break, continue, and pass statements effectively in loops.

EXP 4: Working with Strings

 Write programs to perform string slicing, concatenation, comparison, and in-built functions
like .upper(), .find(), .replace().

EXP 5: List Operations

 Create, access, slice, and modify lists.
 Use in-built functions like append(), extend(), remove(), sort().

EXP 6: Tuple and Dictionary Operations

 Demonstrate tuple creation and immutability.
 Perform basic dictionary operations: add, remove, update key-value pairs.

EXP 7: User-defined Functions

 Write functions with parameters and return values.
 Use default and keyword arguments. Demonstrate *args and **kwargs.

EXP 8: File Handling

 Read from and write to text files using read(), readline(), write(), and writelines().
 Use with statement for file operations and seek() to manipulate the file pointer.

EXP 9: Working with Python Packages

 Use NumPy to perform array operations.
 Use Pandas to read .csv files and perform basic data analysis (mean, max, min).
 Use Matplotlib to plot simple graphs.

EXP 10: GUI Programming with Tkinter

 Create a basic GUI window using Tkinter.
 Add widgets like Label, Button, Entry; handle basic events (e.g., button click).

EXP 11: Mini Project / Integration Task

 Develop a small application integrating file handling, functions, and a GUI (e.g., student
record system, calculator, simple text editor).
EXP 1: Basics of Python
 Write a program to demonstrate basic variable declarations and data types (int, float, bool,
string).
 Use operators (+, -, *, /, %, //, **) and print results.

# Variable Declarations and Data Types

int_var = 10 # Integer
float_var = 3.14 # Float
bool_var = True # Boolean
string_var = "Hello, Python" # String

# Displaying the variables and their types

print("Integer:", int_var, "| Type:", type(int_var))
print("Float:", float_var, "| Type:", type(float_var))
print("Boolean:", bool_var, "| Type:", type(bool_var))
print("String:", string_var, "| Type:", type(string_var))

# Basic Arithmetic Operators

a = 20
b=7

print("\nArithmetic Operations:")
print("a + b =", a + b)
print("a - b =", a - b)
print("a * b =", a * b)
print("a / b =", a / b)
print("a % b =", a % b)
print("a // b =", a // b)
print("a ** b =", a ** b)

# Comparison Operators
print("\nComparison Operations:")
print("a == b:", a == b)
print("a != b:", a != b)
print("a > b:", a > b)
print("a < b:", a < b)
print("a >= b:", a >= b)
print("a <= b:", a <= b)

Output-

Integer: 10 | Type: <class 'int'>

Float: 3.14 | Type: <class 'float'>
Boolean: True | Type: <class 'bool'>
String: Hello, Python | Type: <class 'str'>

Arithmetic Operations:
a + b = 27
a - b = 13
a * b = 140
a / b = 2.857142857142857
a%b=6
a // b = 2
a ** b = 1280000000

Comparison Operations:
a == b: False
a != b: True
a > b: True
a < b: False
a >= b: True
a <= b: False

EXP 2: Control Flow Statements

 Implement a Python program using if, elif, and else statements.
 Write a program to check whether a number is prime or not using loops and conditionals.

# Program to demonstrate if, elif, and else

marks = int(input("Enter your marks: "))

if marks >= 90:

print("Grade: A+")
elif marks >= 75:
print("Grade: A")
elif marks >= 60:
print("Grade: B")
elif marks >= 50:
print("Grade: C")
else:
print("Grade: F (Fail)")

# Program to check if a number is prime

num = int(input("Enter a number: "))

if num <= 1:
print(num, "is not a prime number")
else:
is_prime = True
for i in range(2, int(num**0.5) + 1):
if num % i == 0:
is_prime = False
break

if is_prime:
print(num, "is a prime number")
 else:
print(num, "is not a prime number")

Sample Output

Input:
Enter a number: 7
Output:
7 is a prime number
Input:
Enter your marks: 78
Output:
Grade: A

EXP 3: Loops and Iterations

 Program using for and while loops to print patterns (e.g., pyramid, number patterns).
 Use break, continue, and pass statements effectively in loops.

# Print a right-angled triangle pattern of stars

rows = 5

for i in range(1, rows + 1):

print('*' * i)

Output-
*
**
***
****
*****

# Print numbers from 1 to 5 using a while loop

i=1
while i <= 5:
print(i)
i += 1
Output
1
2
3
4
5

# Demonstrating break, continue, and pass

for i in range(1, 10):

if i == 3:
continue # Skip when i is 3
elif i == 7:
break # Stop the loop when i is 7
elif i == 5:
pass # Do nothing, just a placeholder
print("i =", i)

EXP 4: Working with Strings

 Write programs to perform string slicing, concatenation, comparison, and in-built functions
like .upper(), .find(), .replace().

# Define two strings

string1 = "Hello"
string2 = "World"

# Display original strings

print("Original Strings:")
print("String 1:", string1)
print("String 2:", string2)

# 1. String Slicing
print("\n1. String Slicing:")
print("First 3 characters of String 1:", string1[:3])
print("Last 2 characters of String 2:", string2[-2:])

# 2. String Concatenation
print("\n2. String Concatenation:")
concatenated = string1 + " " + string2
print("Concatenated String:", concatenated)

# 3. String Comparison
print("\n3. String Comparison:")
if string1 == string2:
print("String 1 and String 2 are equal.")
else:
print("String 1 and String 2 are not equal.")

# 4. Using in-built string functions

# a. .upper()
print("\n4a. Using .upper():")
print("String 1 in uppercase:", string1.upper())

# b. .find()
print("\n4b. Using .find():")
position = concatenated.find("World")
print("Position of 'World' in concatenated string:", position)

# c. .replace()
print("\n4c. Using .replace():")
replaced_string = concatenated.replace("World", "Python")
print("After replacing 'World' with 'Python':", replaced_string)

Original Strings:
String 1: Hello
String 2: World

1. String Slicing:
First 3 characters of String 1: Hel
Last 2 characters of String 2: ld

2. String Concatenation:
Concatenated String: Hello World

3. String Comparison:
String 1 and String 2 are not equal.

4a. Using .upper():

String 1 in uppercase: HELLO

4b. Using .find():

Position of 'World' in concatenated string: 6

4c. Using .replace():

After replacing 'World' with 'Python': Hello Python

EXP 5: List Operations

 Create, access, slice, and modify lists.
 Use in-built functions like append(), extend(), remove(), sort().

# 1. Create a List
my_list = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]
print("Original List:", my_list)

# 2. Access Elements
print("\n2. Access Elements:")
print("First Element:", my_list[0])
print("Last Element:", my_list[-1])

# 3. Slice the List

print("\n3. Slice the List:")
print("Elements from index 1 to 3:", my_list[1:4])

# 4. Modify the List

print("\n4. Modify the List:")
my_list[2] = 35
print("After modifying index 2:", my_list)

# 5. In-built Functions

# a. append()
print("\n5a. append():")
my_list.append(60)
print("After appending 60:", my_list)

# b. extend()
print("\n5b. extend():")
my_list.extend([70, 80])
print("After extending with [70, 80]:", my_list)

# c. remove()
print("\n5c. remove():")
my_list.remove(20)
print("After removing 20:", my_list)

# d. sort()
print("\n5d. sort():")
my_list.sort()
print("After sorting the list:", my_list)

Original List: [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]

2. Access Elements:
First Element: 10
Last Element: 50

3. Slice the List:

Elements from index 1 to 3: [20, 30, 40]

4. Modify the List:

After modifying index 2: [10, 20, 35, 40, 50]
5a. append():
After appending 60: [10, 20, 35, 40, 50, 60]

5b. extend():
After extending with [70, 80]: [10, 20, 35, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80]

5c. remove():
After removing 20: [10, 35, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80]

5d. sort():
After sorting the list: [10, 35, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80]

EXP 6: Tuple and Dictionary Operations

 Demonstrate tuple creation and immutability.
 Perform basic dictionary operations: add, remove, update key-value pairs.

# 1. Tuple Creation
my_tuple = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
print("1. Tuple Creation:")
print("Original Tuple:", my_tuple)

# 2. Tuple Immutability
print("\n2. Tuple Immutability:")
try:
my_tuple[1] = 10
except TypeError as e:
print("Error: Tuples are immutable -", e)

# 3. Dictionary Creation
my_dict = {"name": "Alice", "age": 25, "city": "New York"}
print("\n3. Dictionary Creation:")
print("Original Dictionary:", my_dict)

# 4. Add Key-Value Pair

print("\n4. Add Key-Value Pair:")
my_dict["country"] = "USA"
print("After adding 'country':", my_dict)

# 5. Update Value
print("\n5. Update Value:")
my_dict["age"] = 26
print("After updating 'age':", my_dict)

# 6. Remove Key-Value Pair

print("\n6. Remove Key-Value Pair:")
removed_value = my_dict.pop("city")
print(f"Removed 'city' (value was '{removed_value}'), updated dictionary:", my_dict)

1. Tuple Creation:
Original Tuple: (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)

2. Tuple Immutability:
Error: Tuples are immutable - 'tuple' object does not support item assignment

3. Dictionary Creation:
Original Dictionary: {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}

4. Add Key-Value Pair:

After adding 'country': {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York', 'country': 'USA'}

5. Update Value:
After updating 'age': {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 26, 'city': 'New York', 'country': 'USA'}

6. Remove Key-Value Pair:

Removed 'city' (value was 'New York'), updated dictionary: {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 26, 'country':
'USA'}

EXP 7: User-defined Functions

 Write functions with parameters and return values.
 Use default and keyword arguments. Demonstrate *args and **kwargs.

# 1. Function with parameters and return value

def add(a, b):
return a + b

print("1. Function with Parameters and Return Value:")

result = add(5, 3)
print("add(5, 3) =", result)

# 2. Function with default arguments

def greet(name="User"):
print(f"Hello, {name}!")

print("\n2. Function with Default Argument:")

greet()
greet("Alice")

# 3. Function with keyword arguments

def introduce(name, age, city):
 print(f"{name} is {age} years old and lives in {city}.")

print("\n3. Function with Keyword Arguments:")

introduce(age=25, name="Bob", city="Delhi")

# 4. Function with *args (variable-length positional arguments)

def sum_all(*args):
print("Arguments received:", args)
return sum(args)

print("\n4. Function with *args:")

total = sum_all(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
print("Sum =", total)

1. Function with Parameters and Return Value:

add(5, 3) = 8

2. Function with Default Argument:

Hello, User!
Hello, Alice!

3. Function with Keyword Arguments:

Bob is 25 years old and lives in Delhi.

4. Function with *args:

Arguments received: (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
Sum = 15

5. Function with **kwargs:

Keyword Arguments received: {'name': 'Charlie', 'age': 30, 'city': 'Mumbai'}
name: Charlie
age: 30
city: Mumbai

EXP 8: File Handling

 Read from and write to text files using read(), readline(), write(), and writelines().
 Use with statement for file operations and seek() to manipulate the file pointer.

# Sample text to write

lines = ["Hello, this is line 1.\n", "This is line 2.\n", "And this is line 3.\n"]

# 1. Writing to a file using write() and writelines()

with open("sample.txt", "w") as file:
file.write("First line written using write().\n")
file.writelines(lines)
print("File written successfully.")

# 2. Reading from the file using read()

print("\n2. Reading the entire file content using read():")
with open("sample.txt", "r") as file:
content = file.read()
print(content)

# 3. Reading line-by-line using readline()

print("3. Reading line-by-line using readline():")
with open("sample.txt", "r") as file:
print(file.readline().strip()) # First line
print(file.readline().strip()) # Second line

# 4. Using seek() to move the file pointer

print("\n4. Using seek() to rewind and read again:")
with open("sample.txt", "r") as file:
file.seek(0) # Move pointer to beginning
print("After seek(0):", file.readline().strip())

# 5. Using with statement ensures file is auto-closed

print("\n5. File was automatically closed after using 'with' block.")

File written successfully.

2. Reading the entire file content using read():

First line written using write().
Hello, this is line 1.
This is line 2.
And this is line 3.

3. Reading line-by-line using readline():

First line written using write().
Hello, this is line 1.

4. Using seek() to rewind and read again:

After seek(0): First line written using write().

5. File was automatically closed after using 'with' block.

EXP 9: Working with Python Packages

 Use NumPy to perform array operations.
 Use Pandas to read .csv files and perform basic data analysis (mean, max, min).
 Use Matplotlib to plot simple graphs.
 1. NumPy – Array Operations
import numpy as np

print("1. NumPy Array Operations:")

arr1 = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
arr2 = np.array([10, 20, 30, 40, 50])

print("Array 1:", arr1)

print("Array 2:", arr2)

print("Sum:", arr1 + arr2)

print("Product:", arr1 * arr2)
print("Mean of Array 1:", np.mean(arr1))
print("Max of Array 2:", np.max(arr2))

2. Pandas – CSV Reading & Analysis

Name,Math,Science,English
Alice,85,90,80
Bob,78,88,82
Charlie,92,85,87
import pandas as pd

print("\n2. Pandas - Reading CSV and Basic Analysis:")

df = pd.read_csv("data.csv")

print("\nData from CSV:")

print(df)

print("\nMean Marks:")
print(df[["Math", "Science", "English"]].mean())

print("\nMaximum Marks:")
print(df[["Math", "Science", "English"]].max())

print("\nMinimum Marks:")
print(df[["Math", "Science", "English"]].min())

Matplotlib – Plotting a Simple Graph

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

print("\n3. Matplotlib - Plotting a Graph:")

# Sample data for plotting

students = df["Name"]
math_marks = df["Math"]

plt.figure(figsize=(6, 4))
plt.bar(students, math_marks, color='skyblue')
plt.title("Math Marks of Students")
plt.xlabel("Student Name")
plt.ylabel("Marks")
plt.grid(True)
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()

Expected Output:
 NumPy: Prints array math, mean, and max
 Pandas: Displays data from data.csv, and shows mean, max, min
 Matplotlib: Displays a bar chart of math marks

EXP 10: GUI Programming with Tkinter

 Create a basic GUI window using Tkinter.
 Add widgets like Label, Button, Entry; handle basic events (e.g., button click).

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import messagebox

# Function to be called on button click

def greet_user():
name = entry.get()
if name:
messagebox.showinfo("Greeting", f"Hello, {name}!")
else:
messagebox.showwarning("Input Error", "Please enter your name.")

# Create main window

window = tk.Tk()
window.title("Greeting App")
window.geometry("300x200") # width x height

# Add a Label widget

label = tk.Label(window, text="Enter your name:")
label.pack(pady=10)

# Add an Entry widget

entry = tk.Entry(window, width=25)
entry.pack(pady=5)

# Add a Button widget

button = tk.Button(window, text="Greet", command=greet_user)
button.pack(pady=20)

# Start the GUI event loop

window.mainloop()
output

 Displays a window titled "Greeting App"

 Lets the user type their name in an entry field
 When the "Greet" button is clicked:
o A pop-up greets the user by name using messagebox
o If no name is entered, it shows a warning