Comprehensive Java & Spring Boot Interview Preparation Guide (6+

Years Experience)
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🔎 Spring Boot Interview Questions (100+)

✅ Spring Core & Basics
1. What is the Spring Framework and how is Spring Boot different?
2. What is the role of @SpringBootApplication?
3. What is Dependency Injection and how does Spring support it?
4. What is the difference between ApplicationContext and BeanFactory?
5. What is the default scope of a Spring Bean?
6. How is @Component different from @Bean?
7. What is @Configuration and how is it used?
8. What is the bean lifecycle in Spring?
9. What are the different types of dependency injection in Spring?
10. How does Spring Boot auto-configuration work?
✅ Spring Boot REST API
11. How do you create a RESTful web service in Spring Boot?
12. What is the use of @RestController and how is it different from
@Controller?
13. What is ResponseEntity and when should it be used?
14. How can you handle exceptions in REST APIs?
15. What is the purpose of @RequestParam, @PathVariable, and
@RequestBody?
16. How do you version your APIs in Spring Boot?
17. How do you implement validation in Spring Boot REST APIs?
18. How do you customize error responses?
19. What is CORS and how do you handle it?
20. How do you test REST endpoints in Spring Boot?
✅ Spring Data JPA
21. What is Spring Data JPA?
22. What are the differences between JpaRepository,
CrudRepository, and PagingAndSortingRepository?
23. How do you write custom queries in Spring Data JPA?
24. What is the N+1 select problem and how do you solve it?
25. What is the difference between lazy and eager fetching?
26. How do you handle transactions in Spring?
27. What is optimistic and pessimistic locking?
 28. What is the use of @Query, @Modifying, and @Transactional?
29. How do you implement soft deletes?
30. How to map one-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many
relationships?
✅ Spring Boot Security
31. What is Spring Security?
32. How do you implement basic authentication?
33. How do you secure REST APIs using JWT?
34. What is the role of UserDetailsService?
35. How do you configure custom login/logout pages?
36. What is CSRF and how is it handled in Spring Security?
37. How to permit or restrict access based on roles?
38. What is the difference between WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter
and SecurityFilterChain?
39. What is the order of filters in Spring Security?
40. How do you handle CORS in Spring Security?
✅ Spring Boot Microservices
41. What is a microservice?
42. How does Spring Boot help in building microservices?
43. What is Spring Cloud and how does it relate to Spring Boot?
44. What is a service registry and how do you implement it using
Eureka?
45. How do you externalize configurations using Spring Cloud
Config?
46. What is circuit breaker and how do you implement it?
47. Difference between RestTemplate and WebClient?
48. How do services communicate in a microservices architecture?
49. What is service discovery?
50. How do you secure communication between microservices?
✅ Spring Boot Actuator & Monitoring
51. What is Spring Boot Actuator?
52. What are some important Actuator endpoints?
53. How do you secure actuator endpoints?
54. How to create custom actuator endpoints?
55. How do you expose metrics to Prometheus/Grafana?
56. What is health check in Spring Boot?
57. How do you monitor memory, heap, threads via actuator?
58. How to integrate actuator with Micrometer?
59. How do you enable and configure logging in Spring Boot?
60. How do you manage log levels at runtime?
✅ Spring Boot Testing
61. What are the different test annotations in Spring Boot?
62. What is the use of @SpringBootTest?
63. What is @DataJpaTest and when do you use it?
64. How do you mock a bean in Spring Boot tests?
65. What is TestRestTemplate?
66. Difference between integration and unit testing?
67. What is @MockBean and how does it work?
68. What is the difference between @WebMvcTest and
@SpringBootTest?
69. How do you perform database testing?
70. How do you use H2 database in tests?
✅ Spring Boot Configuration & Deployment
71. What are different ways to configure Spring Boot?
72. Difference between application.properties and application.yml?
73. How do you load external configuration files?
74. What is @Value and how is it used?
75. What is @ConfigurationProperties?
76. How to profile environments in Spring Boot?
77. What are the options for deploying Spring Boot apps?
78. How to package and run a Spring Boot app as a JAR?
79. What is Spring Boot CLI?
80. How to build Docker images for Spring Boot apps?
✅ Advanced Topics & Performance
81. How to tune thread pools in Spring Boot?
82. What is caching in Spring Boot?
83. How do you implement Redis cache?
84. What is the use of @Cacheable, @CachePut, @CacheEvict?
85. How do you configure async operations?
86. What is the startup sequence of Spring Boot?
87. How do you improve application startup time?
88. How do you handle application shutdown gracefully?
89. What are common memory leaks in Spring Boot apps?
90. How to profile and analyze Spring Boot app performance?
✅ Miscellaneous & Best Practices
91. What are best practices for building REST APIs?
92. What are common pitfalls in Spring Boot development?
93. How to structure a Spring Boot project?
94. What is the best way to handle exceptions globally?
95. How do you validate user input?
96. How to version your APIs?
97. What is the use of AOP in Spring Boot?
98. What are some security best practices?
99. How do you handle large file uploads/downloads?
100. What’s new in Spring Boot 3.x?