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Class 11 Notes Informatics Practices Chap 3

This document provides an overview of Python, highlighting its features such as ease of use, dynamic typing, and extensive library support. It covers installation, syntax, basic constructs, conditional statements, loops, functions, data structures, and libraries. Key takeaways emphasize Python's versatility, suitability for beginners, and quick development capabilities.

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32 views3 pages

Class 11 Notes Informatics Practices Chap 3

This document provides an overview of Python, highlighting its features such as ease of use, dynamic typing, and extensive library support. It covers installation, syntax, basic constructs, conditional statements, loops, functions, data structures, and libraries. Key takeaways emphasize Python's versatility, suitability for beginners, and quick development capabilities.

Uploaded by

dpvencenzo
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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NOTES

CLASS 11TH
SUBJECT – INFORMATICS PRACTICES
CHAPTER- 3 BRIEF OVERVIEW OF PYTHON

1. Introduction to Python
• Python is a high-level, interpreted, and object-oriented programming language.
• Developed by Guido van Rossum and released in 1991.
• Python emphasizes code readability and provides constructs that allow for clear
programming on both small and large scales.

2. Features of Python
• Easy to learn and use: Python's syntax is clear and closer to human language.
• Interpreted Language: Python code is executed line-by-line, making debugging
easier.
• Dynamically Typed: No need to declare variable types, Python infers the type
automatically.
• Cross-platform compatibility: Python works on Windows, macOS, Linux, etc.
• Extensive Library Support: Python has numerous libraries for various tasks, such as
NumPy, Pandas, Matplotlib, etc.
• Open Source: Python is free to use and distribute.
• Object-oriented: Supports object-oriented programming, enabling encapsulation,
inheritance, and polymorphism.

3. Python Installation and Setup


• To install Python, visit the official Python website
(https://www.python.org/downloads/), download the appropriate version, and
install it on your system.
• IDLE (Integrated Development and Learning Environment) is the default editor for
Python, which comes with Python installation. Other popular editors include
PyCharm, Jupyter, and VS Code.
4. Python Syntax
• Indentation is crucial in Python as it defines the blocks of code.
• Statements in Python generally end with a newline; no semicolon is needed.
• Comments in Python start with a # for single-line comments, while multi-line
comments use triple quotes (''' or """).
Example:
python
# This is a comment
print("Hello, World!") # Output: Hello, World!

5. Basic Python Constructs


• Variables and Data Types:
o Variables are containers to store data.
o Python supports different data types such as int, float, str, bool, etc.
Example:
python
a = 10 # int
b = 20.5 # float
name = "John" # str
is_true = True # bool
• Type Conversion: Python supports implicit and explicit type conversion.
Example:
python
a = 5 # int
b = float(a) # Explicit conversion to float
• Operators:
o Arithmetic Operators: +, -, *, /, //, %, **
o Comparison Operators: ==, !=, >, <, >=, <=
o Logical Operators: and, or, not
• Input and Output:
o input() function is used to take user input.
o print() function is used for output.
Example:
python
name = input("Enter your name: ")
print("Hello", name)

6. Conditional Statements
• Python uses if, elif, and else for conditional execution.
Example:
python
x = 10
if x > 0:
print("Positive")
elif x == 0:
print("Zero")
else:
print("Negative")

7. Loops
• For loop: Used for iterating over a sequence.
• While loop: Used when a condition is to be checked repeatedly.
Example:
python
# For loop
for i in range(5):
print(i)

# While loop
i=0
while i < 5:
print(i)
i += 1
8. Functions
• Functions allow for reusability and better organization of code.
• def keyword is used to define a function.
Example:
python
def greet(name):
print("Hello", name)

greet("Alice")

9. Data Structures in Python


• List: Ordered, mutable collection of items. Example: my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4]
• Tuple: Ordered, immutable collection of items. Example: my_tuple = (1, 2, 3)
• Set: Unordered, mutable collection with no duplicate items. Example: my_set = {1, 2,
3}
• Dictionary: Unordered, mutable collection of key-value pairs. Example: my_dict =
{"name": "Alice", "age": 25}

10. Libraries and Modules


• Python has a wide variety of built-in modules and external libraries. A module is a
file containing Python definitions and statements.
• You can import modules using the import keyword.
Example:
python
import math
print(math.sqrt(16)) # Output: 4.0

Key Takeaways:
• Python is versatile and easy to use, making it suitable for beginners.
• Its extensive standard library supports a wide range of tasks, from web development
to data analysis.
• Python's simple syntax and dynamic typing enable quick development cycles.

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