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Basic Air Conditioning Formulas

This document provides formulas and explanations for calculating key metrics related to air conditioning systems, including: 1) Total airflow, sensible heat, latent heat, entering air temperature, and leaving air temperature can be calculated using formulas presented that include variables like airflow, temperature differences, and heat transfer rates. 2) Formulas are also provided to determine required airflow based on sensible heat transfer and heat required to be removed from the air. 3) Additional formulas calculate heat required to evaporate water vapor added to ventilation air and humidification requirements.

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3K views1 page

Basic Air Conditioning Formulas

This document provides formulas and explanations for calculating key metrics related to air conditioning systems, including: 1) Total airflow, sensible heat, latent heat, entering air temperature, and leaving air temperature can be calculated using formulas presented that include variables like airflow, temperature differences, and heat transfer rates. 2) Formulas are also provided to determine required airflow based on sensible heat transfer and heat required to be removed from the air. 3) Additional formulas calculate heat required to evaporate water vapor added to ventilation air and humidification requirements.

Uploaded by

ravirawat15
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Basic Air Conditioning Formulas Figure 5

Basic Air Conditioning Formulas


TO DETERMINE
Total Airflow
EXPRESSED AS

CFMT CFMo NT No Btuh Btuh Btuh F. D.B.

1. CFMT =

Application Guide
COOLING
NT V 60 min./hr. NO V 60 min./hr. CFMT (60 min./hr.) V CFMo (60 min./hr.) V

HEATING and/or HUMIDIFYING


1. CFMT = 2. CFMo = 3. NT = 4. No = NT V 60 min./hr. No V 60 min./hr. CFMT (60 min./hr.) V CFMo (60 min./hr.) V

Infiltration or Ventilation Number of Air Changes Per Hour Total Number of Air Changes Per Hour Outdoor Air Total Heat (HT) Sensible Heat (HS) Latent Heat (HL) Entering Air Temperature (T1) (Mixed Air)

2. CFMo = 3. NT = 4. No =

5. HT = CFMT x 4.5 x (h1 h2) = Btuh 7. HS = CFMT x 1.08 x (T1 T2) = Btuh 9. HL = CFMT x .68 x (W1 W2) = Btuh 11. T1 = t1 + CFMo x (t2 t1) = F.D.B. 1 CFMT

6. HT = CFMT x 4.5 x (h2 h1) = Btuh 8. HS = CFMT x 1.08 x (T2 T1) = Btuh 10. HL = CFMT x .68 x (W2 W1) = Btuh 12. T1 = t1 CFMo x (t1 t2) = F.D.B. 2 CFMT

1 If duct heat gain is a factor, add to T1: Duct Heat Gain (Btuh) CFMT x 1.08

2 If duct heat loss is a factor, subtract from T1: Duct Heat Loss (Btuh) CFMT x 1.08

Leaving Air D.B. Temperature (T2) Required Airflow

F. D.B. CFMT

13. T2 = T1 15. CFMT = OR CFMT =

HS CFMT x 1.08 HS (total) 1.08 x (T1 T2) HS (internal)3 1.08 x (t1 T2) HT CFMT x 4.5

= F.D.B. = CFM

14. T2 = T1 + 16. CFMT =

HS CFMT x 1.08 HS 1.08 x (T2 T1)

= F.D.B. = CFM

= CFM

3 Sensible load of outside air not included Enthalpy Leaving Air (h2) Leaving Air W.B. Temperature Heat Required to Evaporate Water Vapor Added to Ventilation Air Humidification Requirements Btu/lb. dry air F.W.B. Btuh 17. h2 = h1 = Btu/lb. dry air 18. h2 = h1 + HT CFMT x 4.5 = Btu/lb. dry air

19. Refer to Enthalpy Table and read W.B. temperature corresponding to enthalpy of leaving air (h2) (see #17). 21. HL = CFMo x .68 (W3 Wo) = Btuh

20. Refer to Enthalpy Table and read W.B. temperature corresponding to enthalpy of leaving air (h2) (see #18). 22. HL = CFMo x .68 (W3 Wo) = Btuh 24. Make up = Moisture

Lbs. water/hr.

23.

Excess Latent Capacity Make up = of System x % Run Time 1060 Btu/lb. Moisture (Industrial Process Work)

= lbs./hr.

HL loss Btuh (see #22) 1060 Btu/lb.

= lbs./hr.

LEGEND
CFMT CFMo NT No V HT HS HL * h1 * h2 T1 T2 Tadp t1 t2 W1 W2 W3 Wo = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = Total airflow cubic feet/min. Outdoor air cubic feet/min. Total air changes per hour Outdoor air, air changes per hour Volume of space cubic feet Total heat Btuh Sensible heat Btuh Latent heat Btuh Enthalpy or total heat of entering air Enthalpy or total heat of leaving air Temperature of entering air Temperature of leaving air Apparatus dewpoint Indoor design temperature Outdoor design temperature Grains of water/lb. of dry air at entering condition Grains of water/lb. of dry air at leaving condition Grains of water/lb. of dry air at indoor design conditions Grains of water/lb. of dry air at outdoor design conditions

DERIVATION OF AIR CONSTANTS


The air constants below apply specifically to standard air which is defined as dry air at 70F and 14.7 P.S.I.A. (29.92 in. mercury column). They can, however, be used in most cooling calculations unless extremely precise results are desired. 4.5 (To convert CFM to lbs./hr.) 4.5 = Btu/lb. Btu/lb. F.D.B. F.D.B. F.D.B. Grains/lb. Grains/lb. Grains/lb. Grains/lb. 60 min./hr. 13.33 or 60 X .075

Where 13.33 is the specific volume of standard air (cu.ft./lb.) and .075 is the density (lbs./cu.ft.) 1.08 = .24 X 60 13.33 60 13.33 or .24 X 4.5

.24 BTU = specific heat of standard air (BTU/LB/F) .68 = X 1060 7000 or 4.5 X 1060 7000

Where: 1060 = Average Latent Heat of water vapor (BTU/LB.). 7000 = Grains per lb.

* See Enthalpy of air (Total Heat Content of Air) Table for exact values.

For complete equipment / combination selections, installation instructions and warranty information, please refer to Product Data/Ratings and/or Installers Guides and Limited Warranty Handbooks.

AC/IN-13

Effective 4/4/11 14-1011-26

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