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Super Position and Statically Determinate Beam

The document discusses methods for analyzing statically indeterminate beams. It describes the method of superposition, where the effects of each load are determined separately and then summed using the principle of superposition. For statically indeterminate beams, which have more unknown reactions than equilibrium equations, the method of superposition involves selecting redundant reactions, analyzing the beam when loaded with only the redundant reactions (the released structure), determining force-displacement relationships, and writing and solving compatibility equations relating deflections in the original beam to the redundants. The key steps of the method of superposition procedure are outlined.

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Hemanth Sreej O
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325 views25 pages

Super Position and Statically Determinate Beam

The document discusses methods for analyzing statically indeterminate beams. It describes the method of superposition, where the effects of each load are determined separately and then summed using the principle of superposition. For statically indeterminate beams, which have more unknown reactions than equilibrium equations, the method of superposition involves selecting redundant reactions, analyzing the beam when loaded with only the redundant reactions (the released structure), determining force-displacement relationships, and writing and solving compatibility equations relating deflections in the original beam to the redundants. The key steps of the method of superposition procedure are outlined.

Uploaded by

Hemanth Sreej O
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Superposition & Statically

Indeterminate Beams
Method of Superposition
Statically Indeterminate Beams

Method of Superposition
If a beam has several concentrated or distributed
loads on it, it is often easier to compute the slope
and deflection caused by each load separately.
The slope and deflection can then be determined by
applying the principle of superposition and adding
the values of the slope and deflection
corresponding to the various loads.

Method of Superposition
Assumptions
material obeys Hooke's law
deflections and slopes are small
the presence of the deflections does not alter the
actions of the applied load

Statically Indeterminate Beams


Recall, Statically indeterminate beams are ones in which
the number of reactions exceeds the number of
independent equations of equilibrium
Most of the structures we encounter in everyday life,
automobile frames, buildings, aircraft, are statically
indeterminate.

4 unknowns, 3 equilibrium equations

Types of Indeterminate Beams


Usually identified by the beams support system
Propped cantilever beam
Fixed-end beam
Continuous beam

The number of reactions in excess of the number of


equilibrium equations is called the Degree of Static
Indeterminacy
A propped cantilever beam is statically indeterminate to the
first degree.

Types of Indeterminate Beams


Excess reactions are called static redundants and must
be selected in each particular case.
In the case of a propped cantilever beam, the support at the
end may be selected as the redundant reaction
This reaction is in excess of those needed to maintain
equilibrium, so it can be removed.
Structure that remains when redundants are released is
called the released structure or the primary structure.

Types of Indeterminate Beams


The released structure must be stable and must be
statically determinate.
A special case: all loads action on the beam are vertical
Horizontal reaction at A vanishes and three reactions remain
Only two independent equations of equilibrium are available
Beam is still statically indeterminate to the first degree.

Analysis by the deflection curve


Statically indeterminate beams may be analyzed
by solving any one of the equations of the
deflection curve
Procedure is essentially the same as for
statically determinate beams.
Illustrated by example

Method of Superposition
Fundamental in the analysis of statically
indeterminate bars, trusses, beams, frames, and
other structures.
First note the degree of static indeterminacy and
selecting the redundant reactions
Having identified the redundants, write equations
of equilibrium that relate the other unknown
reactions to the redundant and the loads.

Method of Superposition
Next, assume both the original loads and the
redundants act on the released structure.
Find the deflections in the released structure by
superposing the separate deflections due to the
loads and redundants.
The sum of these deflections must match the
deflections in the original beam
Since the deflections in the original beam at the
restraints are 0 or a known value
We can write equations of compatibility (or equations of
superposition)

Method of Superposition
The released structure is statically determinate
The relationships between loads and the
deflections of the released structure are called
Force-Displacement relations.
When these relations are substituted into the
equations of compatibility
Unknowns are the redundants.

Method of Superposition Procedure


Study the boundary
conditions and sketch the
expected deflection curve.
Determine the degree of
statical indeterminacy
Select and label redundant
forces and/or moments
Break problem into statically
determinate subproblems
One for each load on the beam
and one for each of the
selected redundants.

Write compatibility equations


One for the deflection for each redundant
force (or moment)

Write force-deflection equations


Substitute force-deflection equations
into compatibility equations and solve
for unknown redundants.
Write superposition equations for any
additional quantities that are required
by the problem statement
Complete solution (max deflection,
etc.)

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