Scribd
Upload
62 views28 pages

Applied Engineering Mechanic: Truss

This document discusses trusses and the direct stiffness method for truss analysis. It begins with definitions of trusses and planar trusses. Examples of truss structures are shown. Hooke's law and matrix analysis for trusses are introduced. Three example problems are presented to demonstrate determining displacements of nodes in truss structures. The direct stiffness method for truss analysis is outlined, including defining the structural degrees of freedom, element stiffness matrices, global stiffness matrix, and using the global stiffness matrix to determine structural deformations. An example problem applies the direct stiffness method to determine displacements of nodes in a two-element truss.

Uploaded by

Safitri Wulandari
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
62 views28 pages

Applied Engineering Mechanic: Truss

This document discusses trusses and the direct stiffness method for truss analysis. It begins with definitions of trusses and planar trusses. Examples of truss structures are shown. Hooke's law and matrix analysis for trusses are introduced. Three example problems are presented to demonstrate determining displacements of nodes in truss structures. The direct stiffness method for truss analysis is outlined, including defining the structural degrees of freedom, element stiffness matrices, global stiffness matrix, and using the global stiffness matrix to determine structural deformations. An example problem applies the direct stiffness method to determine displacements of nodes in a two-element truss.

Uploaded by

Safitri Wulandari
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 28

Applied Engineering

Mechanic
Truss

Aniendhita Rizki A,

Definition of Truss
A truss is a structure that consist only two types
force member only, it can be compression or
tension.
Planar truss : 2D truss

The Little Belt Bridge (1935)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_Little_Belt_Bridge_(193
5).jpeg

Below Auckland Harbour Bridge

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Below_Auckland_Harbour_Bridge_H
ossen27.jpg

Planar roof trusses

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truss#mediaviewer/File:Trusses_008.jp
g

Hookes law
P

P
A

Matrix Analysis
P

1
Sebagai vector (memperhatikan
arah)

P2 = P

Matrix Analysis
L
P

u1 1

2 u2

1
Sebagai vector (memperhatikan
arah)

So, the matrix equation will be

Problem - 1
Determine the displacement
of nodal 2, if :
Node 1 is fixed, Node 2 is
free
Element 1 is D16 bar with
500 mm in length and E =
200.000 MPa
P force = 100000 Nmm

P
1
1

Problem - 2
Determine the displacement of
nodal 3, if :

Node 1 is fixed, Node 2 and 3 are


free
Element 1 is D25 bar with 750
mm in length and E = 200.000
MPa
Element 2 is D16 bar with 500
mm in length and E = 200.000
Mpa
P force = 100000 Nmm

1
1

Problem 3 (Homework)
Determine the displacement of
nodal 2, if :
Node 1 and 3 are fixed, Node 2 is
free
Element 1 is D16 bar with 500 mm
in length and E = 200.000 MPa
Element 2 is D32 bar with 500 mm
in length and E = 200.000 Mpa
P force in node 2 = 3 angka
terakhir NRP x 100000 Nmm

P
1
1

2
2

Inclined TrussPy,
2
P
2
2
Py,
1

P
1
1

Px,
1

Px,
2

Px ,1
cos
P
sin
y ,1


0
Px , 2

Py , 2
0

0
0
cos

sin

P1

P2

Inclined Trussuy,
2
u2
2
2
uy,
1

u1
1

ux,
1

u1
cos

0
u2

ux,
2

sin
0

0
cos

0
sin

u x ,1
v
y ,1

u
x,2
v y , 2

Px ,1
cos
P
sin
y ,1


0
Px , 2

Py , 2
0
Px ,1
P
y ,1

cos 2

EA cos sin


P
L cos 2
x,2

Py , 2
cos sin

0
0
cos

sin

u1
cos

0
u2

P1

P2

cos

P1
EA 1 1 u1

1 1 u
P
L

2
2

cos sin

cos 2

sin 2
cos sin

cos sin
cos 2

sin

cos sin

sin

u x ,1

0 v y ,1

u
sin x , 2
v y , 2

cos sin

sin 2

cos sin

sin 2

u x ,1
v y ,1

u x,2
v y , 2

cos
sin

Px ,1
P
y ,1

Px , 2
Py , 2

P1
EA 1 1 cos


1 1 0
P
L
2

0
0 EA 1 1
cos L 1 1

sin

cos
0

sin

cos

sin

cos

u x ,1

0 v y ,1

sin u x , 2
v y , 2
u x ,1

0 v y ,1

sin u x , 2
v y , 2

Applied Engineering
Mechanic
Truss Direct Stifness Method

Aniendhita Rizki A,

Direct Stiffness
Method Flowchart (Truss)
Find Structural DOF and Define Size of
Global Stiffness Matrix (n DOF = Ks
nxn)
Find Element DOF, Define member Stiffness
Matrices / local (kn) and its aim global Matrices
(kn)
Find Global Structural Stiffness Matrix
(Ks)
Find Structural Deformation ({Us} =
{Ks}-1 {Ps})
Find Element Nodal Deformation {Un}

Find Nodal Force ({Pn} = {kn} {Un})


Find Element Displacement and its
Force

Problem - 4
Determine the displacement of
nodal 2 and 3, and their nodal
force, if :

Node 1 is fixed, Node 2 and 3 are


free
Element 1 is D25 bar with 750 mm
in length and E = 200.000 MPa

1
1

Element 2 is D16 bar with 500 mm


in length and E = 200.000 Mpa
P force = 100000 N
Use Direct Stiffness Method

#1 Find Structural DOF and Define Size of Global Stiffness Matrix


(n DOF = Ks nxn)
3

0
1
1

DOF = 4
Ks = 4 x 4

#2 Find Element DOF, Define member Stiffness


Matrices / local (kn) and its aim global Matrices (kn)
4

0
1
1

Elemen 1 EA/L = 130.899 ; = 0


0 1 0
0 0 0

1 0 1 0

0 0 0 0

k1' 130.899

1
0

0
130.899
0
130.899
0

1
0
0 130.899
0
0
0 130.899
0
0

2
0
0
0

0
0
1
2

1 2
130.899 0

0
0
k1

0
0

0
0

3
0
0
0
0

4
0
0
0

1
2
3
4

#2 Find Element DOF, Define member Stiffness


Matrices / local (kn) and its aim global Matrices (kn)
4

0
1

Elemen 2 EA/L = 80.424 ; = 0


0 1 0
0 0 0

1 0 1 0

0 0 0 0

k 2' 80.424

1
0

1
80.424
0
80.424
0

0 80.424 0
0
0
0
0 80.424 0

0
0
0

4
1
2
3
4

80.424

0
k2
80.424

0

0 80.424 0

0
0
0
0 80.424 0

0
0
0

1
2
3
4

#3 Find Global Structural Stiffness Matrix (Ks)


130.899 0 0 0 80.424


0
0
0
0
0

ks k1 k 2

0
0 0 0 80.424


0
0
0
0
0

0 80.424 0 211.324
0
0
0
0

0 80.424 0 80.424

0
0
0
0

0 80.424 0
0
0
0
0 80.424 0

0
0
0

#4 Find Structural Deformation ({Us} = {Ks} -1 {Ps})

u x,2
0

inv

u x ,3
0

0 80.424 0
0
0
0
0
0

80.424 0 80.424 0 100.000

0
0
0
0
0

211.324

So, it can be converted to 2 x 2


matrix

#5 Find NodalElement Deformation {Un}

Elemen 1

Elemen 2

Find Nodal Force ({Pn} = {kn}


{Un})
Elemen 1
Px ,1
130.899
P

0
y ,1


P
130.899
x,2

Py , 2
0

0 130.899 0
0 100.000

0
0
0
0
0

0 130.899 0 0,7639 100.000

0
0
0
0
0

Elemen 2

Px , 2
P
y,2

Px ,3
Py ,3

0 80.424 0 0,7639 100.000

0
0
0
0
0

80.424 0 80.424 0 2,007 100.000

0
0
0
0
0
0

80.424

So:
P1 = -100.000 N
P2 = +100.000100.000 = 0 N
P3 = +100.0000

Find Element Displacement and its Force


u1
cos

0
u2

Elemen 1

Elemen 2

sin

cos

u x ,1

0 v y ,1

sin u x , 2
v y , 2

Fn EA / L{u 2 u1} EA / L u1

1
u 2

0
0
u1
1 0 0 0


0 0 1 0 0,7639 0,7639

u2

0
0,7639

0 0,7639
u2
1 0 0 0

2,007 2,007
u
0
0
1
0

F 1 130.899 0

F 2 80.424 0,7639

1
100000
1

0,7639

1
100000
1

2,007

So:
F1 = 100.000 N (tension)
F2 = 100.000 N (tension)

Problem 5
Determine the displacement of
nodal 1 and 3, and their nodal
force, if :
Node 1 is rol, Node 2 is rol and
3 is free
Element 1 (1500 mm), 2 (2000
mm) and 3 (2500 mm) are
D32 bar with E = 200.000 MPa

P
2

1
3
1

P force in node 3 = 100000 N


Excel Truss Problem 5

Py

Problem 6 -Homework
Determine the displacement of
nodal 2 and every nodal force,
include their element
deformations and frame forces
1500 mm

Px
22

Node 1 and 3 are hinges, node 2


is free

Element 1 and 2 are D25 bar,


Element 3 is D16 bar
with E = 200.000 MPa
P force in node 2:

Px is your semester x 100.000 N


Py is your NRP x 10.000 N

2000 mm

1500 mm

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy