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Sterilization: Viable Microbes in A Culture Medium or in The Gas Phase

Sterilization is a process that eliminates all microorganisms through high temperature and pressure. It is important for economic and safety reasons, ensuring no foreign organisms contaminate fermentations or vaccines. There are two main sterilization methods - batch sterilization uses a pressurized vessel to heat medium to 121°C, holding then cooling it, while continuous sterilization rapidly injects steam directly into medium in a holding loop at 140°C for 30-120 seconds. Batch is commonly used at lab scale due to simplicity, while continuous has lower heat requirements.

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Rafael Dirain
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19 views11 pages

Sterilization: Viable Microbes in A Culture Medium or in The Gas Phase

Sterilization is a process that eliminates all microorganisms through high temperature and pressure. It is important for economic and safety reasons, ensuring no foreign organisms contaminate fermentations or vaccines. There are two main sterilization methods - batch sterilization uses a pressurized vessel to heat medium to 121°C, holding then cooling it, while continuous sterilization rapidly injects steam directly into medium in a holding loop at 140°C for 30-120 seconds. Batch is commonly used at lab scale due to simplicity, while continuous has lower heat requirements.

Uploaded by

Rafael Dirain
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sterilization

the action of eliminating microorganisms


from a medium
a process that destroys all living
organisms, spores and viruses in a
pressurized vessel at high temperature
sterility- absence of any detectable and
viable microbes in a culture medium or in
the gas phase

Reasons
Economic penalty is high for loss of
sterility.
Many fermentations must be absolutely
devoid of foreign organisms.
Vaccines must have only killed viruses.
Recombinant DNA fermentations - exit
streams must be sterilized.

Operations
Batch Sterilization
Continuous Sterilization
NOTE: One thing we avoid in sterilization
is the overheating of the medium.

Batch Sterilization
Uses heat to eliminate living organisms in
a pressurized jacketed vessel
Sterilized through thermal or radiation
techniques
A system goes through 3 steps: heating,
holding and cooling

Batch Sterilization
Commonly used in bench and laboratory
scales
Operating temperature is usually at 121 0C
Larger volume means longer retention
time.
Higher temperature means faster retention
time.

Autoclave
Basically, a huge steam cooker

Batch Sterilization
Advantages

Disadvantages

Mostly wide used


technique
Simple operation
No additional
materials are
added to the
media itself

More expensive
heat requirements
than continuous
sterilization.
Best results occur
in well-mixed
closed vessels.

Continuous Sterilization
The rapid transfer of heat to the medium
through steam condensate without the use
of a heat exchanger
Direct use of steam by steam injection
into the medium
Steam injection is done by injecting steam
into the nutrient solution.

Continuous Sterilization
Has a holding loop for detention long
enough to kill all the microorganisms
The temperature is raised quickly to 140 0C
and is maintained for 30-120 seconds.

Continuous Sterilization

Continuous Sterilization
Advantages

Disadvantages

Uniform steam
Concentration of
requirements
media becomes
dilute
Simplified process
control
Shorter
sterilization time

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