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TVKB R&P HM Method

1. The document describes the Method of Holtrop and Mennen for estimating ship resistance in preliminary ship design using statistical regression of model test and ship trial data. 2. The total resistance is broken down into components of friction resistance, form factor resistance, wave resistance, and appendage resistance which are estimated through formulas relating the resistance to ship parameters like dimensions, block coefficient, and longitudinal position of the hull center. 3. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate calculating the various resistance components for a hypothetical ship traveling at 25 knots.

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tvkbhanuprakash
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201 views42 pages

TVKB R&P HM Method

1. The document describes the Method of Holtrop and Mennen for estimating ship resistance in preliminary ship design using statistical regression of model test and ship trial data. 2. The total resistance is broken down into components of friction resistance, form factor resistance, wave resistance, and appendage resistance which are estimated through formulas relating the resistance to ship parameters like dimensions, block coefficient, and longitudinal position of the hull center. 3. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate calculating the various resistance components for a hypothetical ship traveling at 25 knots.

Uploaded by

tvkbhanuprakash
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Holtrop Mennen

Method
Prof. TVK Bhanuprakash
Dept of Marine Engineering
Andhra University College of Engineering
Visakhapatnam - 530003
Resistance of a Ship
(Estimates Based on Statistical Methods)
1. In the preliminary stages of ship design, the
resistance coefficient is estimated with approximate
methods based on systematic series or statistical
regressions to experimental data.
2. A systematic series is a family of ship hulls obtained
from a systematic variation of one or more shape
parameters.
3. Usually, the changes are based on a parent form.
4. The resistance of all the models that constitute a
series is measured experimentally.
5. This database allows the interpolation of the
resistance coefficient for other shapes originated by
Resistance of a Ship
(Estimates Based on Statistical Methods - Contd)
6. The Froude number is related to the fineness
coefficient.
7. Ships with a high Froude number exhibit a resistance
coefficient dominated by the wave resistance and
have a smaller fineness coefficient.
8. The longitudinal distribution of the displacement
affects the resistance and is related to the Froude
number.
9. This distribution is characterized by the buoyancy
centre.
10.For ships with low Froude number, the resistance is
dominated by the flow separation region that might
Resistance of a Ship
(Estimates Based on Statistical Methods - Contd)
11.The risk of flow separation is reduced if the buoyancy
centre is upstream of midship.
12.In the case of high Froude numbers, wave resistance
dominates the resistance coefficient.
13.In these cases, the critical region is the bow, which
should be thinner moving the buoyancy centre to a
location downstream of midship.
14.The vertical displacement is influenced by the choice
of V or U sections. U shaped sections lead to smaller
wave resistance than V shapes, but to highest risk of
flow separation.
Resistance of a Ship
(Estimates Based on Statistical Methods - Taylor series)
1. Taylor performed model tests (between 1907 and
1914) for systematic variations of a parent form
defined by the British cruiser Leviathan.
2. Systematic variations of models shape:.
Resistance of a Ship
(Estimates Based on Statistical Methods - Taylor series)
3. Reanalysis of the results by Gertler (1954).
4. Corrections for water temperature, laminar flow and
blockage.
5. Viscous resistance from Schoenherr line.
6. Froudes method. Results give residual resistance.
7. B/T=2,92 was converted to 3.
8. 117 diagrams of residual resistance.
Resistance of a Ship
(Estimates Based on Statistical Methods - Taylor series)
9. Taylors parent form.
10.Fineness coefficient of main section 0.925.
11.Hull centre at midship.
12.Stern for two propellers.
Resistance of a Ship
(Estimates Based on Statistical Methods Other
methods)
1. Srie 60 (Todd, 1960)
2. Single screw merchant ship
3. 5 parent forms with fineness coefficients: 0,60,
0,65,0,70, 0,75 and 0,80.
4. For each fineness coefficient, the location of the hull
centre was optimized.
5. Variations of L/B, B/T, etc.
6. Other series include BSRA, SSPA, NPL
Resistance of a Ship
(Estimates Based on Statistical Methods
Method of Holtrop and Mennen)
1. The method estimates the resistance of displacement
ships.
2. Statistical regression of model tests and results from
ship trials.
3. The database covers a wide range of ships. For
extreme shapes the number of cases in the database
is small.
4. Therefore, the accuracy of the estimates is worse.
5. The method may be used to assess qualitatively the
resistance of a ship design.
Resistance of a Ship
(Estimates Based on Statistical Methods
Method of Holtrop and Mennen - Contd)
6. Two formulations were provided
7. Standard method Method of Holtrop and Mennen: J.
Holtrop, A statistical re-analysis of resistance and
propulsion data, ISP, Vol. 31, No. 363, November
1984.
8. Improved method: J. Holtrop, A statistical
resistance prediction method with a speed dependent
form factor, SMSSH88, Varna, Oct. 1988..
Resistance of a Ship
(Estimates Based on Statistical Methods
Method of Holtrop and Mennen - Contd)
9. Resistance decomposition:

RT= Total resistance

RF= Friction resistance from the ITTC 1957 line

1+k1= Form factor of bare hull

RW= Wave resistance of bare hull

RB= Wave resistance of the bulbous bow.


Resistance of a Ship
(Estimates Based on Statistical Methods
Method of Holtrop and Mennen - Contd)
Resistance decomposition:

RTR = Additional resistance from the immersed


Transom
Rapp = Appendage resistance

RA = Correlation allowance
1. Cp is the prismatic coefficient based on the
waterline length L and lcb is the longitudinal
position of the centre of buoyancy forward of 0.5
L as a percentage of L
2. In the form factor formula LR is a parameter
reflecting the length of the run according to
1. T is the average moulded draught
2. C13 accounts for the specific shape of the

afterbody and is related to the coefficient Cstern


according to
3. C13 = 1+0.003 Cstern

4. C13 can be taken from the table below


The wetted area of the hull can be
approximated by

1. In this formula CM is the midship section


coefficient
2. CB is the block coefficient on the basis of the
waterline length L,
3. CWP is the waterplane area coefficient

4. ABT is the transverse sectional area of the bulb


at the position where the still-water surface
The appendage resistance can be
determined from

is the density
2. V is the speed of the ship
3. SApp the wetted area of the appendages

4. 1+k2 appendage resistance factor

5. CF is the coefficient of frictional resistance


fro ITTC 1957 line
1. The appendage resistance can be increased
by the resistance of bow thruster tunnel
openings according to

2. where d is the tunnel diameter


3. The coefficient CBTO ranges from 0.003 to
0.012
4. for openings in the cylindrical part of a
bulbous bow the lower figures should be
used
The wave resistance is
determined from
1. In these expressions C2 is a parameter which
accounts for the reduction of the wave
resistance due to the action of a bulbous bow.
2. Similarly C5 expresses the influence of a
transom stern on the wave resistance.
3. In the expression AT represents the immersed
part of the transverse area of the transom at
zero speed
Where hB is the position of the centre of

the transverse area ABT above the keel

line and TF is the forward draught of the


ship
Ks is the roughness
amplitude
Numerical Example: The performance of a hypothetical single
screw ship are calculated for a speed of 25 knots. The calculations
are made for various resistance components.
Resistance of a Ship
(Estimates Based on Statistical Methods
Method of Holtrop and Mennen - Contd)
10.Form factor of bare hull:
11.Wave resistance:
12. = Displacement
13.CM = Fineness coefficient
14. L = Length at fluctuation
15. B = Beam
16. T = Draft
17. LCB = Longitudinal position of hull centre

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