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Denoising of Image Using Wavelets

This document discusses using wavelet transforms to denoise images. It begins by introducing transforms and their uses in signal analysis. Wavelet transforms provide time-frequency resolution and are better than Fourier transforms for analyzing transient signals. The document covers continuous and discrete wavelet transforms, wavelet families, multiresolution analysis using filter banks, and conditions for perfect reconstruction. It then discusses analyzing images using the discrete wavelet transform and provides examples of denoising an image. Finally, it lists applications of wavelet transforms like numerical analysis and signal analysis before concluding wavelet transforms provide multiresolution representation.

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60 views38 pages

Denoising of Image Using Wavelets

This document discusses using wavelet transforms to denoise images. It begins by introducing transforms and their uses in signal analysis. Wavelet transforms provide time-frequency resolution and are better than Fourier transforms for analyzing transient signals. The document covers continuous and discrete wavelet transforms, wavelet families, multiresolution analysis using filter banks, and conditions for perfect reconstruction. It then discusses analyzing images using the discrete wavelet transform and provides examples of denoising an image. Finally, it lists applications of wavelet transforms like numerical analysis and signal analysis before concluding wavelet transforms provide multiresolution representation.

Uploaded by

pandi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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You are on page 1/ 38

DENOISING OF IMAGE USING

WAVELETS

By- Asim Sagheer, Ravi Bhushan, Qutub


Zeeshan
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
WHY WAVELET TRANSFORM
WAVELETS
CONTINUOUS WAVELET TRANSFORM
DISCRETE WAVELET TRANSFORM
ANALYSIS
APPLICATIONS
CONCLUSION
INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS TRANSFORM?
- Transform of a signal is just another form
of representing the signal. It does not change
the information content present.
WHY TRANSFORM?
- Mathematical transform are applied to
signal to obtain further information which
is not present in raw signal
WHY WAVELET
TRANSFORM
FOURIER TRANSFORM
SHORT TIME FOURIER TRANSFORM
WAVELET TRANSFORM
FOURIER TRANSFORM:
Fourier Transform of a time domain signal
gives frequency domain representation.

LIMITATION OF FOURIER TRANSFORM:


When we are in time domain fourier transform
will not give information regarding frequency
and when we are in frequency domain it will
not provide information regarding time.
ULTIMATE SOLUTION:

WAVELET TRANSFORM
Wavelet transform provides time frequency
representation simultaneously.

It provides variable resolution as follows:


At high frequency wavelet transform gives good time
resolution and poor frequency resolution

At low frequency wavelet transform gives good


frequency resolution and poor time resolution.
SHORT TIME FOURIER TRANSFORM
Short time fourier transform provides time
frequency representation of a signal.
UNCERTAINITY PRINCIPLE
Which states that we cannot exactly know what
frequency exist at what time instance but we can
know only what frequency band exists at what
time.
DECOMPOSITION OF SIGNAL

0-500 Hz

500-1000Hz

0-250 Hz 250-500 Hz

0-125 Hz 125-250 Hz
WAVE

Demonstration of wave
A wave is a periodic oscillating function that travels through space and matter
accompanied by a transfer of energy.
WAVELETS

Wavelets are localized waves they have finite energy. They


are suited for analysis of transient signal.
MRA
Image Pyramids
Approximation pyramids
Predictive residual pyramids
N/8*N/8
NN/8*N/
8
N/4*N/4
/8*N/8
N/4*N/4

N/2*N/2
N/2*N/2

N*N
10
N*N
Noise Model
Image Noising:-
Image noise is the random variation of
brightness or color information in images
produced by the sensor and circuitry of a
scanner or digital camera. Image noise can
also originate in film grain and in the
unavoidable shot noise of an ideal photon
detector
Types of Noising Model
Amplifier Noise(Gaussian Noise)
Salt and paper Noise
Shot Noise(Poisson Noise)
Speckle Noise
Denoising
Denosing is the process with which we reconstruct a
signal from a noisy one.

original

denoised

March 3, 2017
13
Denoising

"Before" and "after" illustrations of a nuclear magnetic resonance signal.


Denoising an image

The top left image is the


original. At top right is a
close-up image of her left
eye. At bottom left is a
close-up image with noise
added. At bottom right is
a close-up image,
denoised.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
PROPERTIES OF WAVELETS:
Consider a real or complex value continuous
time function (t) with the following properties

---- (1)
In equation (1) ( ) stands for Fourier transform of (t) .

The admissibility condition implies that the Fourier


transform of (t) vanishes at the zero frequency i.e

A zero at the zero frequency also means that the average value of
the wavelet in the time domain must be zero

(t) must be oscillatory. In other words (t) must be a wave.


Shifting operation gives time represntation of
the spectral component.
Scaling operation gives frequency.
WAVELET FAMILIES

(a) Haar Wavelet (b) Daubechies4 Wavelet

(c)Coiflet1 Wavelet
(d) Symlet2 Wavelet (e) MexicanHat Wavelet

(f) Meyer Wavelet (g) Morlet Wavelet


THE CONTINUOUS WAVELET
TRANSFORM

where * denotes complex conjugation of


f(t) is the signal to be analyzed

S is the scaling factor


is the translation factor

Inverse wavelet transform is given by


DISCRETE WAVELET
TRANSFORM
SUB BAND CODING
MULTIRESOLUTION ANALYSIS USING FILTER
BANK

Three-level wavelet decomposition tree

Three-level wavelet reconstruction tree.


CONDITION FOR PERFECT
RECONSTRUCTION
To achieve perfect reconstruction analysis and
synthesis
G0 (-z) G1 (z)filter have
+ H0 (-z). H1 (z)to
= 0 satisfy following
-------- (1)
conditions:
G0 (z) G1 (z) + H0 (z). H1 (z) = 2z-d ------- (2)
Where G0(z) be the low pass analysis filter,
G1(z) be the low pass synthesis filter,
H0(z) be the high pass analysis filter,
H1(z) be the high pass synthesis filter.
First condition implies that reconstruction is aliasing free
Second condition implies that amplitude distortion has amplitude of
unity
DWT IN 1D
1D fast wavelet transforms
Due to the separable properties, we can apply
1D FWT.

[1]
26
DWT IN 2D
2D fast wavelet transforms
Due to the separable properties, we can apply
1D FWT to do 2D DWTs.

[1]
27
DWT IN 1D
DWT IN 2D
An example

LL LH

HL HH
ANALYSIS
The PSNR block computes the peak signal-to-noise
ratio, in decibels, between two images. This ratio is
often used as a quality measurement between the
original and a compressed image. The higher the
PSNR, the better the quality of the compressed, or
reconstructed image.
The Mean Square Error (MSE) and the Peak Signal
to Noise Ratio (PSNR) are the two error metrics
used to compare image compression quality. The
MSE represents the cumulative squared error
between the compressed and the original image,
whereas PSNR represents a measure of the peak
error. The lower the value of MSE, the lower the
To compute the PSNR, the block first calculates the
mean-squared error using the following equation:

In the previous equation, M and N are the number of


rows and columns in the input images, respectively.
Then the block computes the PSNR using the
following equation:

In the previous equation, R is the maximum


fluctuation in the input image data type. For
example, if the input image has a double-precision
floating-point data type, then R is 1. If it has an 8-bit
unsigned integer data type, R is 255, etc.
EXAMPLE
APPLICATIONS
APPLICATIONS
1. Numerical Analysis

2. Signal Analysis

3. Control Applications

4. Audio Applications
CONCLUSION
Fourier transform provided information regarding
frequency.
Short time fourier transform gives only constant
resolution.
So, wavelet transform is preferred over fourier
transform and short time fourier transform since it
provided multiresolution.
REFERENCES
Wavelet Transform, Introduction to Theory and
Applications, By Raghaveer M.Rao Ajit.S.,
Bopardikar
Digital Image Processing, 2nd edition,
Rafael.C.Gonzalez , Richard E.Woods.
http://www.amara.com/ieeewave/iw_ref.html#te
n.
http://www.thewavelet tutorial by ROBI
Polikar.htm
THANK YOU
For quires: asimsagheer@gmail.com

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