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GSM Call Processing: Source: Internet

When a mobile station is switched on, it must synchronize with the network by reading the BCCH channel to determine its location. It then requests access by sending a channel request message. The network authenticates the mobile station by sending it a random challenge and verifying its signed response. Once authenticated, an initial call is set up where the mobile station is assigned a traffic channel and the call circuit is established through the PSTN. When the call is terminated by either party hanging up, release messages are sent and the traffic channel is released, returning the mobile station to idle mode.

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51 views11 pages

GSM Call Processing: Source: Internet

When a mobile station is switched on, it must synchronize with the network by reading the BCCH channel to determine its location. It then requests access by sending a channel request message. The network authenticates the mobile station by sending it a random challenge and verifying its signed response. Once authenticated, an initial call is set up where the mobile station is assigned a traffic channel and the call circuit is established through the PSTN. When the call is terminated by either party hanging up, release messages are sent and the traffic channel is released, returning the mobile station to idle mode.

Uploaded by

Aditya Ranjan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GSM CALL

PROCESSING

Source : Internet
Mobile HS Switched
On
When a mobile station is first switched on it is
necessary to read the BCCH in order to determine its
orientation within the network.
The mobile must first synchronize in frequency and
then in time.
The FCCH(Freq Correction Channel), SCH (Sync
Channel) and BCCH (Broadcast Control Channel) are
all transmitted on the same carrier frequency which
has a higher power density than any of the other
channels in a cell because steps are taken to ensure
that it is transmitted information at all times.
The mobile scans around the available frequencies,
picks the strongest and then selects the FCCH.
.
Request Access
The MS sends aChannel Request(CHAN_REQ) message
on the RACH (Random Access Channnel).
The BSS responds with a radio resource assignment
(IMM_ASS_CMD)
on the AGCH (Access Grant Channel).
Authentication
Network will require the MS to authenticate itself.
The BSS sends anAuthentication Request(AUTH_REQ)
message to the MS. The RAND serves as the "challenge"
for authentication. The MS calculates the proper SRES
based on the RAND that was given and sends the SRES to
the BSS in anAuthentication Response(AUTH_RESP)
message.
NOTE.
RAND (Random Number) is 128-bit random challenge
generated by the Home Location Register.
SRES is the 32-bit Signed Response generated by the
Mobile Station and the Mobile Services Switching Center.
Authentication. contd
The BSS verifies the SRES. If the SRES is correct then the
MS is authenticated and allowed access to the network.

The BSS will send aService Accept(CM_SERV_ACC)


message letting the MS know that the service request was
received and processed.

Once authenticated, the BSS orders the MS to switch to


cipher mode with the CIPH_MOD_CMD message.
Initial Call Setup
MS will switch to cipher mode and send a Cipher Mode Complete
(CIPH_MOD_COM) message.

The MS then sends a Call Setup (SETUP) message to the BSS. The
message includes the address information (MSISDN) of the called
party.

The BSS assigns a TCH to the MS by sending an Assignment


Command (ASS_CMD) message. This message includes which
Transceiver (TRX) and which Time Slot (TS) to use.

The BSS does not actually assign a TCH to the MS until the MSC
sends a Call Proceeding (CALL_PROC) message to the BSS indicating
that the IAM (Initial Address Message) has been sent.
The MS immediately switches to the assigned TCH. The MS sends an
Assignment Complete (ASS_COM) message back to the BTS on the
FACCH.

Fast associated control channel (FACCH) is a logical channel on a


digital traffic channel that is typically used to send urgent signaling
control messages (such as a handoff or power control message)
Call Setup
The MSC sends an Initial Address Message (IAM) to the
GMSC. The IAM contains the MSISDN of the called party
as the MS dialed it.
The MSC will also send a Call Proceeding (CALL_PROC)
message down to the BSS and this is when the BSS would
assign a TCH to the MS, as described in step 10 above.
Based on the dialed number, the GMSC decides where to
route the IAM within the PSTN.
The PSTN will continue to route the IAM until it reaches
the correct Switching Center and the call routing is
complete. The PSTN will then establish the call circuit and
send an Address Complete Message (ACM) back to the
GMSC.
The GMSC then forwards the ACM back to the responsible
MSC indicating that the call circuit has been established

-
Call Establishment
Once the MSC receives the ACM, it sends an ALERT
message to the MS indicating that the call is going
through. The BSS sends the ALERT message on the
FACCH. Once the MS receives the ALERT, it will
generate the ringing sound in the earpiece. The BSS
sends an alerting message the subscriber will hear
the line ringing.
Once the called party answers the phone, the PSTN
will send an Answer message to the MSC. The MSC
forwards this to the MS in a Connection (CON)
message.
Once the MS receives the CON message, it switches
over to voice and begins the call. All voice traffic
occurs on the assigned TCH.
Call Termination
When either the caller or the called party hangs up,
the call will be disconnected. Either party can initiate
the disconnect. In this example, the MS initiates the
disconnect. The MS sends a Disconnect (DISC)
message to the BTS on the FACCH.

The BSS forwards the DISC to the MSC. Once the


MSC receives the DISC message, it sends a Release
(REL) message through the GMSC to the PSTN as
well as down through the BSS to the MS.

The MS responds by sending a Release Complete


(REL_COM) message to the BSS on the FACCH. The
BSS forwards the REL_COM message up to the MSC.
Once the MSC receives the REL_COM message the
call is considered ended from the call control
Call Termination.. contd
Although the call has ended, the BSS still has a TCH
allocated to the MS. The MSC sends a Channel
Release (CHAN_REL) message to the BSS. The BSS
forwards the CHAN_REL message to the MS.
The MS responds with a DISC (LAPDm) message and
returns to an idle mode. The BSS reallocates the
channel for other call or releases the TRX.
Thanks

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