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Chapter 7 Magnetostatic Fields EDITED

1. The document provides equations and explanations for electric and magnetic fields, including field intensity, flux density, relationships between fields, potentials, flux, energy density, and Poisson's equation. 2. Formulas are given for calculating the magnetic field H generated by different current carrying elements including a straight current filament, triangular loop, circular loop, solenoid, infinite line current, infinite sheet of current, and coaxial transmission line. 3. Examples are worked out for finding the magnetic field H at given points due to various current carrying elements like loops, filaments, and solenoids. Diagrams illustrate the geometry of the problems.

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Marc Rivera
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459 views40 pages

Chapter 7 Magnetostatic Fields EDITED

1. The document provides equations and explanations for electric and magnetic fields, including field intensity, flux density, relationships between fields, potentials, flux, energy density, and Poisson's equation. 2. Formulas are given for calculating the magnetic field H generated by different current carrying elements including a straight current filament, triangular loop, circular loop, solenoid, infinite line current, infinite sheet of current, and coaxial transmission line. 3. Examples are worked out for finding the magnetic field H at given points due to various current carrying elements like loops, filaments, and solenoids. Diagrams illustrate the geometry of the problems.

Uploaded by

Marc Rivera
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ECE

Engr. Marcelo V. Rivera


Basic laws
Electric Magnetic

𝑄1 𝑄2 𝜇𝑜 𝐼𝑑𝑙 × 𝑎𝑟
𝐹= 2 𝑎𝑟 𝑑𝐵 =
4𝜋𝜀𝑟 4𝜋𝑅2

ර 𝐷 ∙ 𝑑𝑆 = 𝑄𝑒𝑛𝑐 ර 𝐻 ∙ 𝑑𝐼 = 𝐼𝑒𝑛𝑐
Force laws
Electric Magnetic

𝐹 = 𝑄𝐸 𝐹 = 𝑄𝑢 × 𝐵
Source element
Electric Magnetic

𝑑𝑄 𝑄𝑢 = 𝐼𝑑𝑙
Field Intensity
Electric Magnetic

𝑉 𝐼
𝐸 = (𝑉/𝑚) 𝐻 = (𝐴/𝑚)
𝑙 𝑙
Flux density
Electric Magnetic

𝜑 𝜑
𝐷= (𝐶/𝑚2 ) 𝐵= (𝑊𝑏/𝑚2 )
𝑆 𝑆
Relationship between fields
Electric Magnetic

𝐷 = 𝜀𝐸 𝐵 = 𝜇𝐻
Potentials
Electric Magnetic

𝐸 = −𝛻𝑉 𝐻 = −𝛻𝑉𝑚 𝐽 = 0
𝜌𝐿 𝑑𝑙 𝜇𝐼𝑑𝐼
𝑉=න 𝐴=න
4𝜋𝜀𝑟 4𝜋𝑅
Flux
Electric Magnetic

𝜑 = න 𝐷 ∙ 𝑑𝑆 𝜑 = න 𝐵 ∙ 𝑑𝑆

𝜑 = 𝑄 = 𝐶𝑉 𝜑 = 𝐿𝐼
𝑑𝑉 𝑑𝐼
𝐼=𝐶 𝑉=𝐿
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
Energy Density
Electric Magnetic
1 1
𝑊𝐸 = D∙ 𝐸 𝑊𝑚 = 𝐵 ∙ 𝐻
2 2
Poisson’s Equation

2
𝜌𝑣
𝛻 𝑉= 𝛻 2 𝐴 = −𝜇𝐽
𝜀
Equation 1 Equation 2

𝐼𝑑𝑙 sin ∝ 𝑘𝐼 𝑑𝑙 sin ∝


(7.1) OR 𝑑𝐻 = (7.2)
𝑑𝐻 ∝ 𝑅2
𝑅2
1
Where k is constant of proportionality. In SI units 𝑘= 𝜋 , so equation 2 becomes
4

(7.3) 𝑑𝐻 = I dlsin ∝ 𝑑𝐻 =
𝐼 𝑑𝑙 × 𝑎𝑅 𝐼 𝑑𝑙 × 𝑅 (7.4)
=
4𝜋𝑅2 4𝜋𝑅 2 4𝜋𝑅3
𝐼𝑑𝑙 × 𝑎𝑅
(7.5) 𝐻=න (𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡) (7.6)
4𝜋𝑅 2
𝐼 𝑑𝑙 ≡ 𝐾𝑑𝑆 ≡ 𝐽𝑑𝑣 𝐿

𝐾 𝑑𝑆 × 𝑎𝑅
𝐻=න 2
(𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡) (7.7)
𝑆 4𝜋𝑅

𝐽 𝑑𝑣 × 𝑎𝑅
𝐻=න 2
(𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡) (7.8)
𝑣 4𝜋𝑅
apply eq. (7.6) to determine the field due to a straight current
carrying filamentary conductor of finite length AB as in Figure
(7.5). We assume that the conductor is along the z-axis with its
upper and lower ends respectively subtending angles.

𝐼𝜌𝑑𝑧
𝐼𝑑𝑙 × 𝑅 𝑑𝐼 × 𝑅 = 𝜌𝑑𝑧𝑎∅ 𝐻=න 𝑎∅
𝑑𝐻 = 2 2
4𝜋[𝜌 + 𝑧 ] 3/2
4𝜋𝑅3
1 α2 ρ2 cosec 2 αdα
H=− න a
4π α1 ρ3 cosec 3 α ∅
α2
1 𝐼
=− a න sinαdα 𝐇= 𝑎
4πρ ∅ α1 4𝜋𝜌 ∅

𝐼
𝐇= 𝑎
2𝜋𝜌 ∅
1
𝐇 = 4𝜋𝜌 cos 𝛼2 − cos 𝛼1 𝑎∅

𝑎∅ = 𝑎𝑙 × 𝑎𝜌
1 . The conducting triangular loop in the figure carries a current
of 10 A. Find H at (0, 0, 5) due to side i of the loop.
ANSWER:
 Find H at (0. 0, 5) due to side 3 of the triangular loop in Figure
7.6(a).
ANSWER:

-30.63 + 30.63 mA/m.


2 . Find H at ( - 3 , 4, 0) due to the current filament shown in the
figure.
ANSWER:

H= + = 38.2 + 28.65 + 23.88 mA/m

H = -47.75a0 + 23.88a, mA/m


 The positive v-axis (semiinfinite line with respect to the origin)
carries a filamentary current of 2 A in the —ay direction.
Assume it is part of a large circuit. Find H at

(a) A(2, 3, 0)

(b) fl(3, 12, -4)


ANSWER:

(a) 145.8 mA/m, (b) 48.97 + 36.73 mA/m.


3 . A circular loop located on x2 + y2 = 9, z = 0 carries a direct
current of 10 A along a$. Determine H at (0, 0, 4) and (0, 0, -4).
ANSWER:

𝐇 0,0, −4 = 𝐇 0,0,4 = 0.36𝑎𝑧 𝐴/𝑚


 A thin ring of radius 5 cm is placed on plane z = 1 cm so that its
center is at(0,0,1 cm). If the ring carries 50 mA along , find H at

(a) ( 0 , 0 , - l c m )

(b) (0,0, 10 cm)


ANSWER:

a 400𝐚z mA/m, (b) 57.3az mA/m


4 . A solenoid of length l and radius a consists of N turns of wire
carrying current I . Show that at point P along its axis,
ANSWER:

𝑵𝑰
𝐇 = 𝑛𝐼az = 𝐚𝑧
𝑙
 If the solenoid in the figure has 2,000 turns, a length of 75 cm,
a radius of 5 cm, and carries a current of 50 mA along a, find H
at
(a) (0,0, 0)
(b) (0, 0, 75 cm)
(c) (0,0,50 cm)
ANSWER:

a 66.52𝐚𝑧 A/m, (b)66.52 𝐚𝑧 A/m, ( c) 131.7 𝐚𝑧 A/m.


ර 𝐇 ∙ 𝑑𝑰 = 𝐼𝑒𝑛𝑐 𝐼𝑒𝑛𝑐 = න 𝑱 ∙ 𝑑𝑺
𝑆

𝐼𝑒𝑛𝑐 = ර 𝐇 ∙ d𝐥 = ර (𝛁 × 𝐇) ∙ 𝑑𝑺 𝛻×𝐇=𝐉
L S
A. Infinite line current

𝐼 = න 𝐻∅ 𝐚∅ ∙ 𝜌𝑑∅𝐚∅ = 𝐻∅ න 𝜌𝑑∅ = 𝐻∅ ∙ 2𝜋𝜌

𝐼
𝐇= 𝐚∅
2𝜋𝜌
B. Infinite Sheet of Current

ර 𝐇 ∙ 𝑑𝑰 = 𝐼𝑒𝑛𝑐 = 𝑲𝑦 𝑏

Closed path 1-2-3-4-1


Symmetrical pair of current filaments with current along
C. Infinitely Long Coaxial Transmission Line

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