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DSP Based Motor Control

DSP controllers like the TMS320C240 are increasingly being used for motor control as they offer advantages over analog systems like eliminating drift and allowing for easier software upgrades. The TMS320C240 is designed specifically for digital motor control and combines a DSP core with microcontroller peripherals. There are two main methods for controlling induction motors using DSPs: scalar control, which controls magnitude, and vector control, which controls magnitude and phase. Some applications that use induction motors controlled by DSPs include refrigerators, washing machines, pumps, and fans.

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Radhika Gurjar
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379 views17 pages

DSP Based Motor Control

DSP controllers like the TMS320C240 are increasingly being used for motor control as they offer advantages over analog systems like eliminating drift and allowing for easier software upgrades. The TMS320C240 is designed specifically for digital motor control and combines a DSP core with microcontroller peripherals. There are two main methods for controlling induction motors using DSPs: scalar control, which controls magnitude, and vector control, which controls magnitude and phase. Some applications that use induction motors controlled by DSPs include refrigerators, washing machines, pumps, and fans.

Uploaded by

Radhika Gurjar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DSP BASED MOTOR CONTROL

Prepared By : Ankita Dubey


14EEBEC010
CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION
MOTOR CONTROL TREND
DSP CONTROLLERS
TMS320C240
AC INDUCTION MOTOR
THE SCALAR CONTROL
THE VECTOR CONTROL
APPLICATIONS
CONCLUSION
INTRODUCTION
• DSP stands for Digital Signal Processing, deals with
processing on signals to get desired output/response on
digital processors.
• Some of basic processes/operations on signals involves
1. Filtering,
2. Scaling(Amplification/Attenuation),
3. Addition or Subtraction of two or more signals,
4. Integration/differentiation,
5. Modulation(Amplitude/Angle), etc.
MOTOR CONTROL TREND

• Market analysis shows that most of all industrial motor applications use induction motor.
• Traditionally motor control was designed with analog components. However there are
several drawbacks with analog systems.
• Digital systems offer improvements over analog design.

They are:
1. Drift is eliminated.
2. Upgrades can easily be made in software.
DSP CONTROLLERS

• DSP controllers are known as Digital signal controllers(DSC).


• Digital signal controllers are hybrid of microcontrollers and DSPs.
• In DSCs, DSP is used as control element.
• The top three DSC vendors are Texas Instruments , Freescale, and Microchip
Technology.
DSPs CONTROLLERS MAY ALSO
PERFORMS THE FOLLOWING

• Enables control of multi-variable and complex systems.


• Performs adaptive control.
• Provides diagnostic monitoring with FFT of spectrum analysis.
• Produces sharp-cut-off notch filters that eliminate narrowband mechanical resonance.
TMS320C240

• Texas Instruments launches a new DSP, referenced TMS320C240, specifically designed for
the Digital Motor Control segment.
• The TMS320C240 device combining a 16 bit fixed point DSP core with microcontroller
peripherals in a single chip solution is part of a new generation of DSPs called the DSP
controllers.
• These systems lack the ability to execute advanced
algorithms fast enough for real-time control.
TMS320C240 ARCHITECTURE
AC INDUCTION
MOTOR

• The motor studied in this


note is part of the
Alternative Current supplied
motors. It is the squirrel cage
asynchronous motor , named
AC induction motor
• The least expensive and most
widely spread induction
motor is the squirrel cage
motor.
There are several ways to control an induction motor in torque,
speed or position, they can be categorized into two groups they
are :
1) Scalar control
2) Vector control
THE SCALAR CONTROL

• Scalar control means that variables are controlled only in magnitude and
the feedback and command signals are proportional to dc quantities.
• A scalar control method can only drive the stator frequency using a
voltage or a current as a command.
THE VECTOR CONTROL

• The vector control is referring not only to the magnitude but also to the phase of these
variables.
• This method takes into consideration not only successive steady-states but real
mathematical equations that describe the motor itself.
• Though the induction motor have a very simple structure ,its mathematical model is
complex due to the coupling factor between a large number of variables and then on
linearities.
APPLICATIONS

• Refrigerators
• Washing machine
• Dryers
• Pumps
• Fans
• Blowers, etc.
ADVANTAGES

• Digital signal processors go on further to provide high speed and high resolution in
order to reduce system costs.
• Generally fixed point DSPs are preferred for motor control for two reasons
1. Less cost.
2. Dynamic range is 16 bit.
DISADVANTAGES

• Limitation of A/D
• Expensive
• Quantisation error
CONCLUSION

• The DSP Controller TMS320C240 combines the performance of a DSP architecture


with the optimized peripherals of a Microcontroller in a single chip solutions for the
control of an induction motor.
• With the DSP controller an intelligent control approach is possible to reduce the overall
system costs and to improve the reliability of the drive system.
THANK YOU!!!

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