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VERB

This document defines and provides examples of different types of verbs in English: - Verbs can be action verbs, linking verbs, or helping verbs depending on whether they show action or link subjects to other words. Transitive and intransitive verbs are distinguished based on whether an object receives the verb's action. - Verbs are also classified as regular or irregular based on how their past tense is formed, and as dynamic or static based on whether they indicate action. Finite verbs show tense while nonfinite verbs do not. - Common helping verbs include modal verbs like can, will, shall that are used with other verbs. Linking verbs like be, seem, become connect subjects to information about them.

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189 views21 pages

VERB

This document defines and provides examples of different types of verbs in English: - Verbs can be action verbs, linking verbs, or helping verbs depending on whether they show action or link subjects to other words. Transitive and intransitive verbs are distinguished based on whether an object receives the verb's action. - Verbs are also classified as regular or irregular based on how their past tense is formed, and as dynamic or static based on whether they indicate action. Finite verbs show tense while nonfinite verbs do not. - Common helping verbs include modal verbs like can, will, shall that are used with other verbs. Linking verbs like be, seem, become connect subjects to information about them.

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Part of speech

What is verb?
• Verb expresses action or a state of
being
• A verb is a word that shows action or
links a subject to another word in a
sentence.
Types of Verb
There are three types of verb
• Action verb
• Linking verb
• Helping verb
What are ACTION verbs?
• An action verb is a verb that describes an action, like
run, jump, kick, eat, break, cry, smile, or think.

• When using action verbs, the sentence structure will be:

SUBJECT ACTION VERB THE REST OF THE SENTENCE


---> --->
(noun) (verb) (adjective, adverb, noun, complement, or
nothing))
Here are some examples of action verb

• Greg is kicking the ball.


The action verb is kicking. It describes what Greg is doing.
• The wind blows constantly in Chicago.
The action verb is blows. It describes what the wind does.
• He accepted my apology.
The action verb is accepted. It describes what 'he' did.
What are Transitive verbs??
These verbs also show an action but here there is no specific object
on which the action is being done. To recognize these verbs, we
ask the question what is the/did the subject -verb- ? .

Here are some more examples of transitive verbs:

• I baked some cookies.


• I rode the bicycle.
• I moved the chair.
• I stitched a quilt.

All of the verbs in the above sentences are transitive because an object is
receiving the action of the verb.
But what about the sentence “The bird sang.” Is the verb in that sentence a
transitive verb? No, in this case the verb sang is an intransitive verb.
What are intransitive verbs?
Intransitive verbs are action verbs but unlike transitive verbs,
they do not have an object receiving the action. Notice there
are no words after the verb sang.

More examples of intransitive verbs:

I laughed.
I cried.
The book fell.
The horse galloped.
The sun set.
In all of the above cases the subject is performing the action of
the verb and nothing is receiving the action.
What about this sentence?
• I walked to the park today.
• Is walked transitive or intransitive? Think about the rules.
Since walked has words coming after it, the verb must be
transitive, right? WRONG! The phrase to the park is a
prepositional phrase and today is an adverb. There is no
object receiving the action of the verb walked so the verb is
intransitive.

• To recap, a transitive verb must be an action verb plus there


must be an object to receive that action.
Dynamic and static verbs
• A dynamic verb indicates an action, process, or sensation: "I
bought a new guitar."
• A stative verb (such as be, have, know, like, own, and seem)
describes a state, situation, or condition: "Now I own a
Gibson Explorer."
Finite and Infinite verb
• A finite verb expresses tense and can occur on its own
in a main clause: "Shewalked to school.“
• A nonfinite verb (an infinitive or participle) doesn't
show a distinction in tense and can occur on its own
only in a dependent phrase or clause: "While walking
to school, she spotted a bluejay."
Regular Verbs and Irregular Verbs
• A regular verb (also known as a weak verb) forms its past
tense and past participle by adding -d or -ed (or in some
cases -t) to the base form: "We finishedthe project." (See
Forming the Past Tense of Regular Verbs.)
• An irregular verb (also known as a strong verb) doesn't
form the past tense by adding -d or -ed: "Gus ate the
wrapper on his candy bar." (See Introduction to Irregular
Verbs in English.)
Modal Verbs (Modal auxiliaries)

Modal Verbs (Modal auxiliaries)


• Model verbs are also called auxiliary verbs, helping verbs and model
auxiliaries.Model verbs are not complete verbs, and they can only be
used with a verb.
• The usage of model verbs:

• Model verbs stay in the base form - bare infinitive - the bare infinitive is
the infinitive without "to" before the verb.

• The following model verbs are used to with the present tense:
can, will, shall, ought to, must, need, may
What are linking verbs?
• A linking verb is a verb that links (connects)
the subject of the sentence to information
about that subject. Linking verbs do not
describe action.
• When using linking verbs, the sentence
structure will be:
SUBJECT LINKING VERB INFORMATION ABOUT THE SUBJECT
---> --->
(noun) (verb) (adjective, noun, or complement)
Some verbs are ALWAYS linking verbs because they
never describe an action. Other verbs can be linking
verbs in some sentences and action verbs in other
sentences.
The following three verbs are ALWAYS linking verbs:

• to be (is, am, are, was, were, has been, have been, had been, is being,
are being, was being, will have been, etc.)
• to become (become, becomes, became, has become, have become, had
become, will become, will have become, etc.)
• to seem (seemed, seeming, seems, has seemed, have seemed, had
seemed, is seeming, are seeming, was seeming, were seeming, will
seem)
Here are some examples of linking verbs that are
ALWAYS linking verbs in sentences:

• They remained calm during the crisis.


• He seemed eager to find a solution.
• The solution appeared easy to implement.
• We looked to our supervisor for guidance.
What are Helping Verbs??
• Helping Verb – helps the main verb express tense
and voice – Helping verbs need an action verb
with them.
helping
• Susie will go to the store.
action
• Common helping verbs:
• shall will should
would could must might
can may have
had has do did
is are was were
am being been
• How do you know if it is a helping verb or a
linking verb?
• If there is an action verb in the clause also, it is a
helping verb. If you do not see any other kind of
verb, it is a linking verb.
VERB TENSE
Verbs are either past, present or future
tense. In writing, you should always use
the same tense for your verbs within your
paragraph or essay.
What is the verb tense for each
sentence?
• Michael had played the piano for an hour.
• past tense
• Cheryl will walk home after school.
• future tense
• Susie is a cheerleader.
• present tense
Subject – Verb Agreement
• The subject and verb in a clause should
always agree in number.
• Joey walks. (singular subject/singular verb)
• Joey and Maggie walk. (plural subject/plural
verb)
• She runs. (singular subject/singular verb)
• They run. (plural subject/plural verb)

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