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Lift2 Escalator Travelators and Walkways9.1.16

This document discusses different types of vertical transportation systems used in tall buildings, including escalators, elevators, and sky lobbies. It explains that sky lobbies, which are designated floors served by express elevators, allow local elevators in zones above and below to efficiently transport passengers to their desired floors. The document also discusses new carbon fiber elevator cables that could extend single elevator shafts beyond 1 kilometer and revolutionize tall building design.

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Manoj Jain
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272 views41 pages

Lift2 Escalator Travelators and Walkways9.1.16

This document discusses different types of vertical transportation systems used in tall buildings, including escalators, elevators, and sky lobbies. It explains that sky lobbies, which are designated floors served by express elevators, allow local elevators in zones above and below to efficiently transport passengers to their desired floors. The document also discusses new carbon fiber elevator cables that could extend single elevator shafts beyond 1 kilometer and revolutionize tall building design.

Uploaded by

Manoj Jain
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Escalators

Travolators and
Walkways
Travolator Escalator
Moving Walk or Inclined Travolator
Auto walk : Horizontal Travolator
Passenger Capacity of Escalators as per NBC -2005
Essential Requirements for Escalators

Angle of inclination of an escalator from the


horizontal shall not exceed 30°, but for rises not exceeding
6 m and rated speed not exceeding 0.5 m/s, the angle of
inclination is permitted to be increased up to 35°.

Landing
The landing area of escalators shall have a surface that
provides a secure foot hold for a minimum distance of
0.85 m measured from the root of the comb teeth.
Exempted from this are the combs.
Sky Lobby Elevators

In very tall buildings, elevator efficiency can be increased by


a system that combines express and local elevators. The
express elevators stop at designated floors called sky lobbies.
There, passengers can transfer to local elevators that will
take them to their desired floor. By dividing the building into
levels served by the express elevators, the local elevators can
be stacked to occupy the same shaft space. That way, each
zone can be served simultaneously by its own bank of local
elevators.
Fortune (1997) defines a tall building as a `skyscraper’, ie: “A high rise
building with more than one zone of elevators.” and a very tall building
as a `Mega High Rise building’, ie: “A building with one or more sky
lobbies and in excess of 75 floors.”.

As a general rule, about 60 floors can be served from a main terminal


lobby at ground level, by up to four groups of lifts (a practical limit). If
double deck lifts are used, this permits up to 80 floors to be served
from a main terminal lobby.

Buildings with more than 80 floors require sky lobbies with shuttle
lifts to serve them. This permits buildings of 120/160 floors with one
sky lobby and buildings of 180/240 floors with two sky lobbies with
single/double deck lifts. Remember the maximum practical number of
lifts that can be grouped together is eight cars with four facing four.
The Empire State
Building's 73
elevators can
move 183 to 427
meters per
minute. At the
maximum speed,
you can travel
from the lobby
to the 80th floor
in 45 seconds.
The max speed is
around 7 mps.
The development of a super-strong carbon fibre rope is expected to
revolutionise lift construction in skyscrapers by replacing the steel
cables used in buildings today.

The rope, invented by Finnish elevator company Kone, could extend


the length of a single lift shaft beyond a kilometre – which is further
than the tallest building standing today, the 2,716 feet (828m) Burj
Khalifa in Dubai.

Kone’s carbon fibre rope, called UltraRope, is said to match the


strength of steel cables while being much lighter. As buildings get
taller, more steel cable has to be used to haul up the lifts – and lower
them again safely.

But in a 1,640 feet (500m) shaft up to three-quarters of the energy


needed to move an elevator is expended on the weight on the cables
themselves.
A 1,640 feet shaft is also the maximum
considered effective today and if they were
made much longer the steel cables would get
to the point where they snapped under their
own weight.
The carbon fibre rope, its makers claim, can
reduce the weight of the cabling by about 90
per cent.
Various issues determine the practical limitations for high-
rise construction around the world. These include:
 financial considerations (labour and ground costs)
 construction time (phases, investment risk and permitted
daily work hours)
 soil conditions (foundations)
 seismic/wind hazards
 accessibility/mobility at ground level
 regulations (construction, daylight access)
 energy consumption and effi ciency
 prestige
Taipei Towers
The tower has two shuttle elevators for public access to
the observation deck on the 89th fl oor. These elevators
have been offi cially recognized by the Guinness Book of
Records as the fastest elevators in the world. With full
loads, the ascent speed reaches a maximum of 16.8 m/s
.

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