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Power Supply

A power supply receives power from an electrical outlet and converts AC to DC. It contains components like a step-down transformer, voltage regulator, capacitors, and diodes. Key steps in designing a power supply are selecting the transformer based on voltage and current needs, choosing a voltage regulator like the 7805 or LM317 depending on the required output voltage, and calculating capacitor values based on the ripple factor to filter the output. Rectifiers like bridge rectifiers convert AC to DC and different types include half-wave and full-wave rectifiers.

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Dipak Salunkhe
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208 views11 pages

Power Supply

A power supply receives power from an electrical outlet and converts AC to DC. It contains components like a step-down transformer, voltage regulator, capacitors, and diodes. Key steps in designing a power supply are selecting the transformer based on voltage and current needs, choosing a voltage regulator like the 7805 or LM317 depending on the required output voltage, and calculating capacitor values based on the ripple factor to filter the output. Rectifiers like bridge rectifiers convert AC to DC and different types include half-wave and full-wave rectifiers.

Uploaded by

Dipak Salunkhe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Definition

A power supply is a hardware


component that supplies power to
an electrical device. It
receives power from an electrical outlet
and converts the current from AC
(alternating current) to DC (direct
current)
Types
• Regulated Power Supply
• Unregulated Power Supply
• Switch Mode Power Supply (SMPS)
Component List :

• Step down transformer


• Voltage regulator
• Capacitors
• Diodes

• Voltage regulator :
• As we require a 5V we need LM7805 Voltage Regulator IC.
• As we require a variable power supply we need LM317 Voltage Regulator IC.
Pin Diagram of Voltage Regulator
Steps to design power supply
• Selection of transformer
Selecting a suitable transformer is of great importance. The current rating and the secondary
voltage of the transformer is a crucial factor.
• Selection of voltage regulator
As per our output voltage requirement the voltage regulator is selected e.g. we need 5V then
we can use the 7805
• Selection of capacitor
Knowledge of Ripple factor is essential while designing the values of capacitors
It is given by
Y=1/(4√3fRC) (as the capacitor filter is used)
1. f= frequency of AC ( 50 Hz)
2. R=resistance calculated
R= V/Ic
V= secondary voltage of transformer
• Selection of Rectifying circuit
1N4007 diodes are used as its is capable of withstanding a higher reverse
voltage of 1000v whereas 1N4001 is 50V
Rectifier
• Defination :-
An electrical device which converts an
alternating current into a direct one by
allowing a current to flow through it in one
direction only.
Types of Rectifire
• Half Wave Rectifier
• Full wave Rectifier
Design Steps for Full-Wave Bridge
Rectifier
Step 1: Design of the Power Transformer
Step 2: Determine the Output voltage of
transformer and Required Current to
the circuit
Step 3: Then take the suitable diode of
same specification for rectification
Voltage Regulator
Definition :
An electronic circuit used to maintain a
level amount of voltage in an electrical line. It eliminates
power surges, spikes and brownouts, which can cause
harm to sensitive electronics
Circuit Diagram

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