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Secants and Tangents: Prepared By: Mark Janssen Valencia

A secant is a line that intersects a circle at two points, while a tangent intersects at only one point, called the point of tangency. A tangent line is perpendicular to the radius drawn to this point. Tangent circles intersect at a single point, which lies on the line segment joining their centers. Common tangents are lines tangent to two circles, either internally between the circles or externally outside them.

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61 views11 pages

Secants and Tangents: Prepared By: Mark Janssen Valencia

A secant is a line that intersects a circle at two points, while a tangent intersects at only one point, called the point of tangency. A tangent line is perpendicular to the radius drawn to this point. Tangent circles intersect at a single point, which lies on the line segment joining their centers. Common tangents are lines tangent to two circles, either internally between the circles or externally outside them.

Uploaded by

Janssen Menguito
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Secants and

Tangents
A
B
T
Prepared by:
mark Janssen Valencia
Grade 10 - cylinder
A A secant is a line that intersects a
B circle at exactly two points.
(Every secant contains a chord of
the circle.)

A tangent is a line that intersects a


circle at exactly one point. This
point is called the point of
tangency or point of contact. T
T

Postulate: A tangent line is perpendicular to


the radius drawn to the point of contact.

Postulate: If a line is perpendicular to a


radius at its outer endpoint, then it is tangent
to the circle.
A tangent segment is a point of a tangent line
between the point of contact and a point outside the
circle.
B

Tangent segment
T
A secant segment is the part of a secant line that
joins a point outside the circle to the farther
intersection point of the secant and the circle. A
B
AR is the secant segment.
The external part of a secant segment is the part
of a secant line that joins the outside point to the
nearer intersection point.

A BR is the external part.


B
R
B

C
Tangent circles are circles that intersect each other at
exactly one point.

Two circles are externally tangent if each of the tangent


circles lies outside the other.
Two circles are internally tangent if one of the tangent
circles lies inside the other.
The point of contact lies on the line of centers. PQ
Common Tangents:
PQ is the line of center
XY is a common internal tangent.
AB is a common external tangent.

Definition:
A common tangent is a line tangent to two circles (not
necessarily at the same point.)
Such a tangent is a common internal tangent if it lies
between the circles(intersects the segment joining the
centers) or a
common external tangent if it is not between the circles
(does not intersect the segment joining the centers.)
In practice, we will frequently refer to a
segment as a common tangent if it lies on a
common tangent and its endpoints are the
tangent’s points of contact.
In the diagram for example, XY can be called a
common internal tangent and AB can be called
a common external tangent.
1. Draw the segment joining the centers.
2. Draw the radii to the points of contact.
3. Through the center of the smaller circle, draw
a line parallel to the common tangent.
4. Observe that this line will intersect the radius
of the larger circle (extended if necessary) to
form a rectangle and a right triangle.
5. Use the Pythagorean Theorem and properties
of a rectangle.

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