Symbolic Interactionism: Prepared By: Hannah Mae Paco & Hennie Jay C. Salva
Symbolic Interactionism: Prepared By: Hannah Mae Paco & Hennie Jay C. Salva
INTERACTIONISM
Prepared by:
Hannah Mae Paco
&
Hennie Jay C. Salva
SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM
a major framework of sociological theory. This perspective relies on
the symbolic meaning that people develop and rely upon in the
process of social interaction.
Analyzes society by addressing the subjective meanings that people
impose on objects, events and behaviors. Subjective meanings are
given primacy because it is believe that the people is behave based on
what they believe and just on what is objectively true.
Symbolic interactionism looks at individual and group meaning–
making, focusing on human action instead of large scale– social
structures.
George Herbert Mead
George Herbert Mead was born
in South Hadley, Massachusetts
in February of 1863.
Pioneered the development of
symbolic interaction
perspective.
He is the one who argued that
“people’s selves are social
products, but that these selves
are also purposive and
creative."
Herbert Blumer
After Mead’s death in 1931
his students at the University
published his Mind, Self,
and Society teachings.
Herbert Blumer, Mead’s
pupil, further developed his
theory and coined it
“Symbolic Interactionism.”
George Herbert Mead : The Self
Self is separated in two, the "I" and "Me“
The self is active, involve in interaction and is a product
of social interaction. It develops through maturation and
social interaction.
I is the creative self. It is different among individuals and
it corresponds in given social situation.
Me, on the other hand, is generalized. It is guided by the
expectation and attitude of others towards us. Because it
follows generalized mode of action, the society is able to
exercise its power through the individuals, meaning the
society has order for the people have generalized mode of
action.
Things, places, attires, and situation have their own
social meaning. Some objects may have a different
meaning depending on the person interpreting it. For
example, a studded belt has different meaning for a
rock music admirer and to a pet lover. For a rock music
listener, it is some sort of accessory and a symbol
representing his group, but for a pet lover, especially
dog, more likely, it means that the studded belt is just
a dog accessory or object.
THE THREE BASIC PREMISES
1. “Humans act towards things on the basis of the
meanings they ascribe to those things.”
2. “The meaning of such things is derived from, or
arises out of, the social interaction that one has with
others and the society.”
3. “These meanings are handled in, and modified
through, an interpretative process used by the person
in dealing with the things he/she encounters.”
THE FIRST PREMISE
Includes everything that a human being may note in
their world, including physical objects, actions and
concepts. Essentially, individuals behave towards
objects and others based on the personal meanings
that the individuals has already given these items.
THE SECOND PREMISE
arises out of the social interaction that one has with
other humans. People interact with each other by
interpreting or defining each other’s actions instead of
merely reacting to each other’s actions.
THE THIRD PREMISE
We naturally talk to ourselves in order to sort out the
meaning of a difficult situation. But first, we need
language. Before we can think, we must be able to
interact symbolically. Emphasis on symbols,
negotiated meaning, and social construction of society
brought on attention to the roles people play.
THE THREE BASIC PRICIPLES OF
HIS THEORY
Meaning
Language
Thought
1st PRINCIPLE- MEANING
“Symbolic naming for the human society”
Blumer says that the principle of meaning is central in
human behavior.
Meaning is based on human interaction and how we act
towards other people. We as humans, base things upon
the meanings that they have been given.
The definition of this word states that it is a intention for
a particular purpose or destination.
This theory tells us that its how people interpret messages
and statements.
Each one of us has a different meaning assigned to
different things.
To us humans the word “grass” is something that can be
defined as green, or something needed to be cut. To
animals, the word “grass” could mean shelter or food.
Now in the case of symbols, meanings also depend on the
number of consensual responses of those who use it. If
someone uses a particular word such as hey, to those that
use it a lot, it means hello. Now for those people that are
ambiguous to it, it could mean a totally different thing to
them.
2ND PRINCIPLE- LANGUAGE
“Symbolic naming for the human society”
Language gives humans a means by which to negotiate meaning
through symbols.
Mead believed that when you named something, it is assigned a
meaning. An example of this would be me naming my dog Lucifer.
The meaning of this name would be the devil, because maybe the dog
is extremely mean or bites people all of the time.
In simple terms, this principle says that when we talk to each other,
symbolic interaction means that humans identify meaning, or
naming, and then they develop discourse, which is communication
orally
3 PRINCIPLE- THOUGHT
rd
“Interpretation of symbols”
Thought is based on language. While in a
conversation, your mind is imagining or thinking
about the different points of view or meanings to what
the other person is saying to you.
What this means is that once your hear someone say
something, you automatically start thinking about
what you are going to say next.
CONCLUSION
George Herbert Mead was a professor whose teachings were
transformed into a theory that is well known and taught
throughout the world.
Symbolic Interactionism has only one variable in it. The
individual has its own set of meanings for things and people.
A problem with this theory is that it does not state whether
or not an individual wants to win and get their own way or
not. Sometimes we think that people can also construct a
sample and ask someone if they should have a certain
meaning for this and a meaning for that.
KEY POINTS
Symbolic interaction has roots in phenomenology, which
emphasizes the subjective meaning of reality.
Symbolic interactionism proposes a social theory of the self,
or a looking glass self.
Symbolic interactionists study meaning and communication;
they tend to use qualitative methods.
Symbolic interactionism has been criticized for failing to take
into account large– scale macro social structures and forces.
EXAMPLE
Studies find that teenagers are well informed about the
risks of tobacco, but they also think smoking is cool,
that they themselves will be safe from harm, and that
smoking projects a positive image to their peers. So,
the symbolic meaning of smoking overrides that actual
facts regarding smoking and risk.
Charles Horton Cooley : The Looking
Glass Self
People see us differently and it affects the way we
interact with other people.
If you are with your friends or acquaintances who look
up on you, you may act confidently. But if you are with
the people you hate, you will probably act the different
way. Another is your interaction with your ex lover and
your mother. These two people will have a different
attitude towards you and their attitude towards you
will affect the way you interact with them.
Elements :
1) The way we look on ourselves. It may be accurate
or not.
2) The way we think other will see us based on our
appearance. Do I look friendly or annoying ?
3) Finally, those judgments will make us feel
different emotions that will affect out behavior.