ROMANESQUE

ARCHITECTURE
PRESENTED BY:
• CAMPOSAGRADO, KURT HOMER
• ANGULO, RINA JOY
• CUYA, CHEERILYN
• LIPA , JEARLINE
• OLONAN, JOHN LERRY
 ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE

• “Roman-like”. Current in Europe about

the mid-11th century to the advent of
“Gothic Architecture”.
• A fusion of Roman, Carolingian,
Ottonian and Byzantine, and local
Germanic traditions.
• Larger churches were needed to
accommodate the numerous monks and
priests, as well as the pilgrims who came
to view saints’ relics’.
• Pilgrimage was also a big contributor for
the need for larger churches as people
Segovia: San Millan
Church believed that the world was ending in the
10th century.
ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE (800-1180)

• Latin cross plan, bema evolved into the

transepts
• Barrel and Cross/Groin Vault
• Towers, at the east or west ends, or at the
crossing of the transept and nave.
• Sparse ornamentation
• Façade faced west (altar was oriented towars
east)
• Heavy articulated masonry:
• Vaulted masonry ceiling
• Thick load bearing walls
• Use of buttress piers
 Building Materials
 The building material used in Romanesque architecture
varies across Europe depending on local stone and building
traditions. In Italy, Poland, much of Germany, and
parts of the Netherlands, brick was customary. Other
areas saw extensive use of limestone , granite, and flint .
The building stone was often used in small, irregular pieces
bedded in thick mortar. Smooth ashlar masonry was not a
distinguishing feature of the style in the earlier part of the
period, but occurred where easily worked limestone was
available.
 Building Materials

BRICKS LIME STONE

GRANITE FLINT
ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE (800-1180)

General Appearance:
 
• Dark, solemn spaces
-Romanesque churches and castles
were dark, with few openings. Wars
and invasions were commonplace,
so windows and doors were kept to
a minimum. With stone and
masonry buildings, buildings were
safe from fire and invaders, but
required large supports for the
weight of walls and vaults.
ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE (800-1180)

General Appearance:
 
• Exterior is simple, severe
-A combination of masonry, arches
and piers are the basis of the
Romanesque style. The main
concept for buildings was the
addition of pure geometrical forms.
ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE (800-1180)

General Appearance:
 
• Modest Height

-Romanesque churches have an

emphasis on horizontal lines,
similar to those of Greek & Roman
public buildings.
 ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE (800-1180)

General Appearance:
 
• Horizontal lines
 ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE (800-1180)

General Appearance:
 
Multiple Units
 
Romanesque churches were heavily influenced by the Roman
Basilica, but they had a few important differences. The roof was
made of stone vaults, which were much heavier and needed
more supports. The solution was thicker walls and piers, rather
than columns alone, to support the interior spaces. This made the
space inside dark, rather gloomy, and kept the height rather
low. The exteriors were very simple, and several geometric forms
often made up the building, rather than one large space.
ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE (800-1180)
 ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE (800-1180)

Architectural Elements:
• Round arches
Round arches are most
similar to those of the
Romans.
 ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE (800-1180)

Architectural Elements:
• Barrel Vaults
Also called Tunnel Vaults,
Barrel Vaults replace the
flat roofs commonly used
in Roman architecture.
This is the simplest vault,
created by combining a
series of round or Roman
arches.
 ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE (800-1180)

Architectural Elements:

The Barrel vault creates

a higher ceiling, but
needs large supports
under it, so columns are
combined with piers.
 ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE (800-1180)

Architectural Elements:
• Piers supporting
vaults
The Pier (an upright
support generally square
or rectangular in plan) is a
better solution for heavy
masonry walls than the
column
 ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE (800-1180)

Architectural Elements:
In the picture on the left, Piers interspaced with columns
support a Barrel Vault. On the right, columns on the pier are
decorative, rather than main supports.
 ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE (800-1180)

Architectural Elements:
• Groin vaults
The diagonal intersections
are called groins. The
advantage of the groin
vault is that its weight and
thrusts are concentrated at
the four corners.
 ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE (800-1180)

Architectural Elements:
A Groin, or Cross vault is a combination of two barrel vaults
at intersecting angles. It provided a more aesthetically
pleasing appearance for intersecting vaults. Notice the
piers, right.
 ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE (800-1180)

Romanesque inspired
Buildings Santiago De
Compostela,
-Spain
-UNESCO site
-It is one of the only three
known churches in the
world built over the tomb
of an apostle of Jesus.
- by: Maestro Esteban,
Robertus Galperinus,
Bernard the Elder,
Bernard the Younger
 ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE (800-1180)

Romanesque inspired
Buildings

Piazza del
Duomo,
(Piazza Dei
Miracoli)
-Pisa; Tuscany Italy
-by: Buscheto,
Rainaldo
-the style known
as Pisan
Romanesque.
 ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE (800-1180)

Romanesque inspired
Buildings Durnham
Cathedral
-England
-the largest and
finest example of
Norman
architecture
-by: George
Scott,
James Wyatt,
Anthony Salvin,
Edward Robson,
Richard Farnham
 ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE (800-1180)

Romanesque inspired
Buildings

Worcester
Cathedral
England
-has two transepts
crossing the nave
 ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE (800-1180)

Romanesque inspired
Buildings

Worms Catheral
Castle-like:claimed
to be the
representative
cathedral of the
period.
 ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE (800-1180)

Romanesque inspired
Buildings
 ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE (800-1180)

Romanesque inspired
Buildings

Canterbury
Cathedral
-Romanesque and
Perpendicular Gothic
Elements combined
-UNESCO
 ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE (800-1180)

Romanesque inspired
Buildings Notre Dame de Tournai.
Tournai, Belgium. 17th century
An Austrian basilica located in
Gurk, Completed in 1700, the
Notre Dame de Tournai in Belgium
is a Roman Catholic Church that
has been classified since 1936 as
a Wallonia’s major heritage. It
features the heavy and severe
character of the Romanesque
nave with its cluster of five bell
towers and semicircular arcs
 ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE (800-1180)

Romanesque inspired
Buildings Lund Cathedral. Lund, Scania,
Sweden. 1145

Known as the Lutheran cathedral

of Lund, Sweden, Lund Cathedral
is the seat of the bishop of Lund
and was built of sandstone
following the Romanesque style of
Lombardy and the Rhine region.
These influences can be seen in its
floor plan, crypt and the arched
gallery decorating its apse.
 ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE (800-1180)

Romanesque inspired
Buildings Basilica of San Isidoro. Leon,
Spain. 10th century
Located on the site of the ancient
Roman temple, the Basilica of San
Isidro in Leon, Spain was
rededicated in 1063 to Saint
Isidoro of Seville. It was built
mostly in Romanesque style.
Among its most notable features
are its arches crossing the
transept of the church and the
carved tympanum of the Puerta La
Cordero.
 ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE (800-1180)

Romanesque inspired
Buildings Grossmunster. Zurich,
Switzerland. 1100-1120

Grossmunster is a Romanesque-
style Protestant Church located in
Zurich, Switzerland. One of the
three major churches in the city,
this church is part of the first Pan-
European architectural trend since
the Imperial Romanesque
Architecture. It has a great carved
portal with medieval columns.
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QUIZ TIME!!!
MECHANICS:
 WITH YOUR GROUP MEMBERS, FORM A LINE
 A REPRESENTATIVE FROM EACH GROUP WILL FETCH THE QUESTION FROM THE REPORTERS
 WHEN QUED BY THE REPORTERS, THE REPRESENTATIVES WILL RUN TO THE BACK OF THEIR
GROUP LINES.
 THE REPRESENTATIVE WILL THEN WHISPER TO THE PERSON INFRONT OF HIM/HER THE
QUESTION, IF YOU DON’T KNOW THE ANSWER, OR PASS THE ANSWER IF YOU ALREADY KNOW
IT.
 GROUP MEMBERS WILL KEEP PASSING THE QUESTION/ANSWER TO THE PERSON INFRONT UNTIL
THE FIRST PERSON IN THE LINE RECEIVES IT.
 AFTER RECEIVING THE ANSWER, THE FIRST PERSON WILL RUSH TO THE QUIZ FACILITATORS TO
WHISPER THEIR GROUPS ANSWER TO THEM.

NOTES:
 ALL GROUPS WHO GETS THE CORRECT ANSWERS GETS A POINT
 EVERYONE MUST KEEP QUIET AS POSSIBLE SO THAT OTHER TEAMS WON’T HEAR YOUR ANSWER.
 EVERY GROUP HAS ONLY ONE CHANCE TO ANSWER.
 ANSWERS WILL BE REVEILED AFTER EVERY GROUP SUBMITTED THEIR ANSWERS
 THIS GAME IS NOT ABOUT WHO GETS IT FIRST. SO BE CAREFUL ON SUBMITTING YOUR FINAL
ANSWERS.