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Drosophila Mutants

Fruit fly genetics uses specific notation to describe mutants and wild type flies. Mutant flies exhibit phenotypic mutations and are named after their traits, such as "ebony" for a darker body. The wild type is denoted with a + over the mutant letter code, like e+ for normal body color. Sex-linked genes on the X chromosome are notated differently for males and females, such as XwXw for a white-eyed female and XwY for a white-eyed male. Dominant mutants have an uppercase first letter while recessive mutants are lowercase. Common fruit fly mutants include body color, wing morphology, bristles, eye color, eye shape, and body size.

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347 views12 pages

Drosophila Mutants

Fruit fly genetics uses specific notation to describe mutants and wild type flies. Mutant flies exhibit phenotypic mutations and are named after their traits, such as "ebony" for a darker body. The wild type is denoted with a + over the mutant letter code, like e+ for normal body color. Sex-linked genes on the X chromosome are notated differently for males and females, such as XwXw for a white-eyed female and XwY for a white-eyed male. Dominant mutants have an uppercase first letter while recessive mutants are lowercase. Common fruit fly mutants include body color, wing morphology, bristles, eye color, eye shape, and body size.

Uploaded by

Srujana Mohanty
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Notation

In fruit fly genetics, the normal fly is called a "wild type" and
any fly exhibiting a phenotypic mutation is called a "mutant".

Mutant flies are given names that generally denote the type
of mutation the fly exhibits.
For example, the mutant "ebony" has a much darker body
than the wild type fly.

The wild type fly is denoted by a superscript + over the


mutant letter code. For example, e+ denotes a wild type fly
for the ebony body trait - meaning it has normal body color
(not ebony)
What about notations on Sex
Chromosomes?
Under normal diploid conditions a female fruit fly
has two X chromosomes, a male has an X and a Y
chromosome. Sex-linked genes are located on one of
the sex chromosomes (usually the X chromosome).
Thus, the genotypic notation for a mutant gene for
white eye color on the X chromosome would look
like:

• Xw Xw = white-eyed female
• Xw+Xw = wild type heterozygote female
• Xw Y = white-eyed male
• Xw+ Y = wild type male
Mutant Phenotypes

Dominant: The first letter of the


symbol is in Upper case.
Ultrabithorax- Ubx1

Recessive- small case


Ebony- e
Body Colour mutants
Wing morphology mutants
Bristles morphology mutants
Eye colour mutants
Eye shape mutants
Body size (Tubby)
Today’s Exercise

VIAL A- white eyed and Red eyed flies

VIAL B= Black body and others

VIAL C- Wild type flies

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