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Gec133 - Living in An It Era m1

This document provides an overview of information, technology, information technology, and the evolution of computers. It discusses how data is processed into information using bits and bytes. It defines technology and information technology. It also outlines the history of computers in four periods: pre-mechanical, mechanical, electro-mechanical, and electronic. Within the electronic period it describes the first four generations of computers from the 1940s to present in terms of their components and technological advances.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
343 views18 pages

Gec133 - Living in An It Era m1

This document provides an overview of information, technology, information technology, and the evolution of computers. It discusses how data is processed into information using bits and bytes. It defines technology and information technology. It also outlines the history of computers in four periods: pre-mechanical, mechanical, electro-mechanical, and electronic. Within the electronic period it describes the first four generations of computers from the 1940s to present in terms of their components and technological advances.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GEC133 – LIVING IN AN

IT ERA M1
By: Prof. Azreen M. Marohomsalic, ECE, MIT
Overview

 Information
 Technology
 Information Technology
 Information and Communications Technology
 Department of Information and Communication
Technology DICT
 Computer Periods
 Generations of Computer
Information

 Data – are raw unprocessed facts


e.g. : text, numbers, images, sounds
 Information – processed data
Microcomputers use the ASCII code to represent data.
 ASCII codes are composed of bits.
1 = 00000001 255 = 11111111
A = 10000001 a = 11000001
Information

 Bits / binary digits – digits 0 and 1


nibble = 4 bits
byte = 8 bits
- basic unit of measurement
Technology

 the application of scientific knowledge for practical


purposes, especially in industry.
 machinery and equipment developed from the application
of scientific knowledge.
 the branch of knowledge dealing with engineering or
applied sciences.
Information Technology

 the study or use of systems (especially computers and


telecommunications) for storing, retrieving, and sending
information.
Information and Communications
Technology
 The totality of electronic means to access, create,
collect, store, process, receive, transmit, present and
disseminate information.
Department of Information and
Communications Technology

 RA No. 10844 – the Department of Information and


Communications Technology Act of 2015
 July 27, 2015
Basic Computer Periods of Computer

The Pre-
The Electro The Electronic
mechanical Age The Mechanical
Mechanical Age Age (1940-
(3000 B.C. – 1450 Age (1450-1840)
(1840-1940) Present)
A.D.)
The Pre-mechanical Age (3000 B.C. –
1450 A.D.)
 Control of fire 500 000 BC
 Domestication of animals 12 000
 Domestication of plants 800
 Ceramic 7000 BC
 Copper 4000 BC
The Mechanical Age (1450-1840)

 Create machines that will perform some


tasks
 Blaise Pascal
 Charles Babbage
 Lady Ada Augusta Lovelace Byron
The Electro Mechanical Age (1840-1940)

 The discovery of ways to harness electricity was the key


advance made during this period
 Voltaic Battery
 Telegraph
 Telephone and Radio
 Comptometer
 Comptograph
The Electronic Age (1940-Present)
Early Computers
(1940-1950)

 We currently live in.


The first generation
 Generation of Digital Computing (1951-1958)

The second generation


(1959-1963)

The third
generation(1964-1979)

The Fourth Generation


(1979-Present)
The first generation (1951-1958)

 Vacuum tubes as their main logic elements.


 Punch cards to input and externally store data.
 Rotating magnetic drums for internal storage of data and
programs
The second generation (1959-1963)

 Vacuum tubes replaced by transistors as main logic


element.
 Magnetic tape and disks began to replace punched cards
as external storage devices.
The third generation(1964-1979)

 Individual transistors were replaced by integrated circuits.


 Magnetic core internal memories began to give way to a
new form, metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) memory,
which, like integrated circuits, used silicon-backed chips.
The Fourth Generation (1979-Present)

 Microprocessors that contained memory, logic, and control


circuits (an entire CPU = Central Processing Unit) on a
single chip.
 Some have begun to call it the Information Revolution.
Technological changes brought dramatic new options to
Americans living in the 1990s.
Play Modern Marvels: Thinking Machines

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