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This document discusses Newton's laws of motion. It defines key concepts like force, mass, weight, balanced and unbalanced forces. It explains Newton's three laws of motion and how to draw and use free body diagrams to solve problems involving forces. It provides examples of calculating acceleration when different forces act on objects with given masses. It also demonstrates how to set up and solve problems related to inclined planes, friction, and pulley systems using Newton's laws.

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30 views30 pages

Mock Teaching

This document discusses Newton's laws of motion. It defines key concepts like force, mass, weight, balanced and unbalanced forces. It explains Newton's three laws of motion and how to draw and use free body diagrams to solve problems involving forces. It provides examples of calculating acceleration when different forces act on objects with given masses. It also demonstrates how to set up and solve problems related to inclined planes, friction, and pulley systems using Newton's laws.

Uploaded by

RN Builder Ipoh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1

DYNAMIC : NEWTON’S LAW


OF MOTION

• Force ( Applied force, normal force, gravitational force, frictional


force)
• Newton’s First Laws of Motion
• Mass, weight
• Newton’s Second Laws of Motion
• Newton’s Third Laws of Motion.
• Free Body Diagram.
• Friction, Coefficient of friction,
• Horizontal and Inclines plane.
• Solving problem with Newton’s Law: Free Body Diagram.
2

LESSON OUTCOMES:
At the end of this section, students should be able to:

1) Define type of Force (Applied force, normal force, gravitational force, frictional
force)
• uses the equation F = ma to solve simple problems
• states that the unit of force is the newton (N)

2) Newton’s First Laws of Motion


• states Newton’s first law

3) Newton’s Second Laws of Motion.


• states Newton’s second law

4) Newton’s Third Laws of Motion.


• Free Body Diagram.
• Friction, Coefficient of friction,
• Horizontal and Inclines plane.
• Solving problem with Newton’s Law: Free Body Diagram.
3

What is a FORCE ?
.
• An interaction between TWO objects or
• The cause of motion (what causes objects to move)

Two method in producing forces :


i) Push ii) Pull
4

FORCE
An object at rest needs a force to
get it moving; a moving object
needs a force to change its
velocity.

The magnitude of a force


can be measured using a
spring scale.

SI Unit : Newton (N) @ kgm/s2.

Quantity : Vector
5

APPLIED FORCE, F
• An applied force is a force that is applied to an object
by a person or another object.
• If a person is pushing a box across the room, then
there is an applied force acting upon the object.
• The applied force is the force exerted on the box by
the person.
6

BALANCED AND UNBALANCED FORCE

Forces may cause the object - balanced or unbalanced

• Balanced forces – all forces acting on an object are equal


– There is NO MOTION
• A net force is ZERO ( ∑F = 0 )

• Unbalanced forces – one or more forces acting on an object


are stronger than others
– There is MOTION
• A net force have value ( ∑F ≠ 0 )
7

FORCE
• Arrows are used to represent forces. The length of the
arrow is proportional to the magnitude of the force.
• Net force : The vector sum of all forces acting on that
object.

Individual Forces Net Force

4N 10 N 6N
8

Gravitational Force, Fg
• Gravitational force or weight, W is the force exerted on that
object by gravity.

Fg or W = mg
Mass is measured in kilogram (kg)
• Mass is not weight
• Direction: directly downward from the object.

W
9

Normal Force, FN
Also called reaction force.
FN
• A reaction force exerted by
object surface
• Cannot exist on its own
floor • Direction: Always
perpendicular to the surface

W
10

Frictional Force, Ff
• Force that always oppose the motion of the object
• Exist at rough surface
F
Ff

Ff  μFN
Coefficient
of friction Normal Force
11

Tensional Force, FT

FT1
FT2

• Exist at rope, cable


• Direction: always away from body
• Tension at smooth pulley (frictionless pulley)
always similar, hence FT1 = FT2
12

END OF
SLIDE
13
14
15

NEWTON’S FIRST LAW

An object at rest will stay at rest, and an object in


motion will stay in motion at constant velocity,
unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
• When no force acts on an object, F = 0, a = 0
• Also called law of inertia
• Inertia is the tendency for object to resist change in
its velocity.
16

Mass & Inertia

• Mass is the amount of


matter in an object.
• The more MASS an
object has, the more
INERTIA the object has.
• Bigger objects are harder
to start & stop
Which vehicle has more
inertia?
17

NEWTON’S SECOND LAW


When the net force acting on an object is not zero, the object
will accelerate at the direction of the exerted force.
The acceleration is directly proportional to the net force and
inversely proportional to the mass.

   F
 F  m a, a
m
18

Exercise 1 : Lets try this!!


Determine the accelerations which result when a 12-N
net force is applied to a 3 kg object and then to a 6 kg
object.

Solution:
19

NEWTON’S THIRD LAW


Newton’s third law:
• Whenever one object exerts a
force on a second object, the
second exerts an equal force
in the opposite direction on the
first.
 For every action, there is an
equal and opposite reaction.
20
21

Free Body Diagram (FBD)


1. For one object, draw a free-body diagram, showing all the
forces acting on the object.
2. Label each force. If there are multiple objects, draw a
separate diagram for each one.
3. Resolve vectors into components.
4. Apply Newton’s law to each component.
5. Solve.
R

W
22

Exercise : Draw Free Body Diagram for figure below

a) c) Inclined plane (smooth


surface)

b)
d) Inclined plane (rough
surface)

θ
23

Exercise : Draw Free Body Diagram for figure below

e) g) rough surface

f) smooth surface
24

Exercise 1 : Lets try this!!


Suppose the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.05 and
the total mass is 40kg. What is the kinetic frictional
force?

 
25

Solution :

( Ans : 19.6 N)
26

Exercise 2 : Lets try this!!


A 10.0-kg box is pulled along a horizontal surface by a
force of 40.0 N applied at a 30.0° angle above
horizontal. The coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.30.
Calculate the acceleration.

30°

 
27

Solution :

( Ans : 1.12 m/s2 )


28

Exercise 3 : Lets try this!!


A box of mass 10kg is placed on a smooth incline that
makes an angle 30° with the horizontal.
(a) Draw the FBD
(b) Determine the normal force on the box.
(c) Determine the box’s acceleration.
29

Solution:

( Ans : 84.87 N, 4.9 m/s2 )


30

Exercise 3 : Lets try this!!

Find the acceleration of the pulley system as in the figure.

Solution:

m1 2 kg

3 kg
m2

( Ans 1.96 m/s2 )

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