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Sailplane Wings

Sailplane wings are composed of composite materials like fiberglass and carbon fiber. Fiberglass provides benefits like strength, corrosion resistance, and lightness, while carbon fiber offers excellent strength to weight ratio and durability. Wings are constructed using filament winding, which involves winding carbon fiber filament around a foam core to form the wing structure. This method allows for consistent fiber placement but is limited in terms of part shapes that can be produced. Future wing designs may utilize flexible materials and articulations to allow the wing shape to adapt during flight for better aerodynamic performance.

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ÖMER ERDEM
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75 views18 pages

Sailplane Wings

Sailplane wings are composed of composite materials like fiberglass and carbon fiber. Fiberglass provides benefits like strength, corrosion resistance, and lightness, while carbon fiber offers excellent strength to weight ratio and durability. Wings are constructed using filament winding, which involves winding carbon fiber filament around a foam core to form the wing structure. This method allows for consistent fiber placement but is limited in terms of part shapes that can be produced. Future wing designs may utilize flexible materials and articulations to allow the wing shape to adapt during flight for better aerodynamic performance.

Uploaded by

ÖMER ERDEM
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SAILPLANE WINGS

•INTRODUCTION
•WING COMPONENTS
•SELECTION OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS
•ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES FOR COMPOSITE
MATERIALS
•COMPOSITE PROCESSING METHODS
• METHOD OF FILAMENT WINDING ADVANTAGES AND
DISADVANTAGES
•FURTHER CONSIDERATIONS
INTRODUCTION
On both side of the wing are spoilers and aileron.
WING STRUCTURE
The distance between the attack edge and the trailing
edge is called the chord line.
The upper part of the chord line is called the upper
camber.
The lower part of the chord line is called the lower
camber.
Sailplanes include spoilers, dive brakes and flaps.
Flaps are located on the trailing edge of the wing,
inboard of the ailerons, and can be used to increase
lift, drag, and descent rate.
 Spoilers extend from the upper surface of the wing,
interrupting or spoiling the airflow over the wings.
This action causes the glider to descend more rapidly.
Dive brakes extend from both the upper and lower
surfaces of the wing and help to increase drag.
The flaps are located in three positions.
WING COMPONENTS
The main structural components that form a sailplane wing
internal structure are
Spars :
 It is the component that supports the main aerodynamic
loads and serves as structural interface between the wing
and the fuselage.
Ribs :
 They serve as connectors between spars and are
responsible along with stringers for the support and
shaping of the skin, also they serve as attachment points for
control surfaces, flaps, undercarriage or engines.
Skin :
 The last structural member described is the skin on the
wing. The skin in conjunction with ribs and spars compose
a wing-box structure.
Stringers :
That are responsible for giving an airfoil shape to the wing
skin as well as to help support wing bending and act as
interrupter to the spread of cracks.
SELECTION OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS
First, the outer coating is made, then the bonding step is started.
The lacquer is partially dried and quite sticky. Epoxy is then
rolled onto this surface and a thin fiberglass layer applied and
pressed into the epoxy.
After rolling, the thin fiberglass layer becomes almost invisible,
because of the saturation with epoxy.
Next a layer of carbon fiber fabric is put in, which account for
most of the strength of the wing surface. The direction of the
carbon fiber is diagonal for greater torsion strength.
Foam is put on the wet outer layer of the carbon fiber fabric.
Epoxy suction and deaeration process are performed.
At the same time the mold is heated with water so that the wing
can cure.
ADVANTAGES FOR COMPOSITE MATERIALS

We used fiberglass because :


High longitudinal tensile strength ( It changes with the
direction of fiber loading )
Corrosion resistance ( It does not depend on the coating
)
Nonmagnetic
High fatigue strength
Lightness
Low thermal and electrical conductivity
Cheap
DISADVANTAGES FOR COMPOSITE
MATERIALS

No flow before breaking


Low transerve strength ( It changes with the direction
of fiber loading )
Low elastic modulus ( It depends on the reinforcing
fiber type )
We used carbonfiber because :
Excellent strength to weight ratio
High tensile strength
Higher durability
Low weight easy to handle

We do not want to use carbonfiber because :


Very expensive
Only avaliable in black
High electrical conductivity
COMPOSITE PROCESSING METHODS
The main structure foam core onto which the skin in the
form of carbon filament is wound. The filament
placement process is based on Compotech’s zero degree
axial fiber laying technology which allows laying of
fibers by filament winding at the small helix angles and
also in zero degree direction.
This process can offer:
• High bending stiffness and strength
• Predictable and controllable high fiber content
• Consistent and repeatable thin or thick walled
structures
Wing segment during winding
METHOD OF FILAMENT WINDING ADVANTAGES
AND DISADVANTAGES
Advantages :
Using existing textile processes
Quick , easy to handle package
Part can have huge size

Disadvantages :
Spinning speed is limited due to resin penetration and
splashing , traveler speed and yarn breakage
Curing by heat is not easy to apply
Shape of the products limited ( only cylindrical possible )
 
FURTHER CONSIDERATIONS
We attempted to reduce the cost to very low. All
transactions made without errors for safety.
Ergonomically produced in a way that a normal person
can grasp. Rather than aesthetics manufactured as
needed.
 In the future , imagine a wing whose thickness and
camber curves can change with speed, reducing drag a
ton.  Imagine a clean wing with no ailerons or flaps, no
hinge lines, gaps, or linkages to disrupt laminar flow. .
 This type of wing is here, at least in the wind tunnel. 
Many companies are experimenting with flexible
materials and bird-like articulations that allow the
wing to change shape and control flight, much like
birds do now. 
 These wings will allow drones to maximize flight
durations and increase  maneuverability at any speed
or weight.
Thank you for listening to me….

Muhammed Ali DEVRİM


15960030

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