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MPPT Control of Standalone - PV System With Battery As An Energy Storage Element

This document describes the design of a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control system for a standalone photovoltaic (PV) system with a battery for energy storage. It discusses MPPT techniques like perturb and observe to extract maximum power from PV panels. The system aims to provide constant power output from the PV cells to loads using a microcontroller, DC/DC converter, and other components. Experimental results show the proposed MPPT system is more efficient than conventional designs at charging batteries under changing irradiance and temperature conditions.

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78 views19 pages

MPPT Control of Standalone - PV System With Battery As An Energy Storage Element

This document describes the design of a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control system for a standalone photovoltaic (PV) system with a battery for energy storage. It discusses MPPT techniques like perturb and observe to extract maximum power from PV panels. The system aims to provide constant power output from the PV cells to loads using a microcontroller, DC/DC converter, and other components. Experimental results show the proposed MPPT system is more efficient than conventional designs at charging batteries under changing irradiance and temperature conditions.

Uploaded by

priyanka rawat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MPPT CONTROL Of STANDALONE –PV

SYSTEM With BATTERY as an ENERGY


STORAGE ELEMENT

PREPARED BY :-
Under Supervision of -

-Gaurav Painwal(50503)
Mr. Abhishek Kumar Sir
-Ankit Kumar(52097)
(Assistant Professor)
-Yash Arya(50467)
INTRODUCTION

Standalone-PV systems are generally used for isolated loads


or household purposes . The increase in power demand in
the utility side with less harmonics and fluctuation are the
major issues . The conventional sources of energy have the
probability to last for limited time but renewable sources of
energy like solar energy is infinite and also eco-friendly. With
the increased efficiency of power electronics devices we can
use this solar energy to provide the power to the consumers.
OBJECTIVE
The main objective of the project is to Design
a system using MPPT to get maximum
constant power output from PV-cell.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
PANEL DIAGRAM
FLOW CHART
 
MPPT TECHNIQUES
• Perturb and observe (hill climbing method)
• Incremental Conductance method
• Current sweep
• Constant voltage
• Fuzzy Logic Control
• Neural network
PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL
⚫ A solar cell is an electrical device which converts incident light rays
into electricity on the basis of photovoltaic effect.
⚫ Solar modules are made of semiconductor material. Silicon crystals
are the mostly used semiconductor crystal.
⚫ PV cell absorbs incident sunlight and creates electron hole pairs.
Then separation of charge carriers takes place and the carriers are
separately extracted to external circuit.
⚫ The electrical energy produced from a solar panel is DC and can be
used for DC loads or stored in a battery to be used later. inverters
can be used to convert the DC to AC thereby running AC loads.
PIN DIAGRAM OF ATMEGA-328
PIN DESCRIPTION

Pin Number Description Function

1 PC6 Reset

2 PD0 Digital Pin (RX)

3 PD1 Digital Pin (TX)

4 PD2 Digital Pin

5 PD3 Digital Pin (PWM)

6 PD4 Digital Pin

7 Vcc Positive Voltage (Power)

8 GND Ground

9 XTAL 1 Crystal Oscillator

10 XTAL 2 Crystal Oscillator

11 PD5 Digital Pin (PWM)

12 PD6 Digital Pin (PWM)

13 PD7 Digital Pin

14 PB0 Digital Pin


15 PB1 Digital Pin (PWM)

16 PB2 Digital Pin (PWM)

17 PB3 Digital Pin (PWM)

18 PB4 Digital Pin

19 PB5 Digital Pin

20 AVCC Positive voltage for ADC (power)

21 AREF Reference Voltage

22 GND Ground

23 PC0 Analog Input

24 PC1 Analog Input

25 PC2 Analog Input

26 PC3 Analog Input

27 PC4 Analog Input

28 PC5 Analog Input


COMPONENTS USED
1 PV Panel
MICROCONTROLLER (ATMEGA-328)
Current Sensor
LCD display
MOSFETs
MOSFET driver
3.3V Linear regulator
Diodes
TVS diode
Resistors
Capacitors
Inductor
LEDs
Screw Terminals
Fuses
Fuse Holders
Push Switch
Heat Sinks
PRESENT BACKGROUND

• Some companies are now placing maximum


power point tracker into individual modules,
allowing each to operate at peak efficiency
despite uneven shading, electrical mismatch.
• Data suggests having one inverter with one
MPPT for a project that has identical number of
east and west-facing modules presents no
disadvantages when compared to having two
inverters or one inverter with more than one
MPPT.
APPLICATIONS
• Household purpose
• Industrial purpose
• Remote power supply
MERITS
1. It has high efficiency.
2. Independent of weather conditions.
3. It also supplies to the load when
PV-cell is unable to generate power.
4. Can be used for isolated unit.
LITERATURE REVIEW
• PV system is one of the fuming topics in the research. Many
advance level works have been done. PV has been used to
supply to the grid without any energy source or even with
energy source. In this case bidirectional is used as we need
power flow in both directions, from PV to the grid and even
from the grid to the PV.
• Many PV’s are connected in parallel in the form of
generators to supply to the load. This paper proposes a
fuzzy-based frequency control method for the Photovoltaic
generator in a PV–diesel hybrid system without smoothing
of PV output power fluctuations
CONCLUSION
To harvest maximum power from a PV module, MPPT based on
modified P&O algorithm is implemented. The hardware consists
of a high efficiency DC/DC buck converter and a microcontroller
based MPPT controller, and is tested for battery charging. A
conventional charge controller and the designed charge
controller are compared when charging a 12 V battery from a 200
W solar PV module. It shows that the modified P&O algorithm
provides an efficient and reliable maximum power tracking
performance under rapid change in irradiance and temperature
conditions. The experimental results show that the proposed
system is more efficient than the conventional design.
REFERENCES
• N. Femia, et. Al. “Optimization of Perturb and observe
Maximum PowerPoint tracking Method,” IEEE Trans.
Power Electron., Vol.20, pp.963-973, July 2005.
• E. Koutroulis; et. al , “ Development of a Microcontroller
based photovoltaic maximum power tracking control
system”, IEEE Trans. Onpower Electron., Vol. 16, No. 1,
pp. 46-54, 2001.
• J.A.Jianget. Al. , “Maximum Power Tracking for
Photovoltaic Power Systems”, Tamkang Journal of Science
and Engineering, Vol. 8, No. 2,pp. 147-153, 2005.
• Thesis-AkihiroOi, ”Design and simulation of photovoltaic
water pumping system”, September 2005

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