PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE

MANAGEMENT (PLM) – A
KNOWLEDGE TOOL &
STRATEGY
M.E.,MANUFACTURING SYSTEM ENGINEERING,
2nd YEAR, NOV’2019
SCOE, KHARGHAR
BY: RAGHVENDRA SINGH
GUIDE: Prof. M. B. SORTE
 INTRODUCTION
 Manufacturing companies are compounded with many business
challenges such as
o Global competition,
o Increasing labor costs,
o Increasing product complexity
o Engineering product data,
o More governmental and organizational standards and regulations.
 PLM is a business strategy that is employed for the purposes of creating a
business management with a focus on product data management.
 In order to pursue a more competitive business model, organisations have
been keen to utilize the new quality of ICT to enhance the collaboration
among their customers, suppliers and shareholders.
INTRODUCTION Contd………..
 PLM include various functional areas
o Computer Aided Design (CAD),
o Engineering Data Management (EDM),
o Product Data Management (PDM),
o Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM),
o Sales & Service and
o Disposal & Recycling,
And various enterprise application systems such as:
o Materials Resource Planning (MRP),
o Enterprise Resources Planning (ERP),
o Customer Relationship Management (CRM), and
o Supply Chain Management (SCM).
INTRODUCTION Contd………..
 Development of PLM
INTRODUCTION Contd………..
 Product Life Cycle
 INTRODUCTION Contd………..
 PLM and Sustainability:
 Sustainable Product Lifecycle Management is an approach to manage
environmental impacts across the Lifecycle stages.
 The Design for Environment has gained attention to many international
companies as it introduced:
o Disposal and Recycling as a major functional area and
o Redefined the PLM concept “cradle to grave” to “cradle to cradle”.
 Life Cycle thinking
The depletion of some natural resources, environmental regulations that
constrained:
o To fulfil the requirements of eco-compliance
INTRODUCTION Contd………..
 Figure: “Life Cycle Thinking”.
INTRODUCTION Contd………..
 Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) :
 LCA is divided in four main phases:
 firstly “Goal and scope definition” in which the analysis is planned
(functional units, data requirements, the geographical area, methodology
to assign potential impacts);
 secondly “ Inventory analysis” that involves data collection and
calculation of inputs and outputs for each process considered;
 thirdly “Impact Assessment” that aims at evaluating for each inventory
element the significance in terms of environmental impacts (global
warming, acidification, eutrophication, solid waste, land use, toxicity for
humans, resource use),
 Fourthly “Interpretation” (ISO 14043) that is the combination of the
results from the previous phases with the conclusions and
recommendations consistent with goal and scope can be reached.
INTRODUCTION Contd………..
 “Life Cycle Assessment”.
LITERAUTER SURVEY Contd………..
 Rajashekar Patil1, S. Mohan Kumar2 and E. Abhilash3 [2]

 “Tools and Strategies for Product Life Cycle Management – A Case

Study in Foundry”.
 InternationalJournal of Advancements in Research & Technology,
Volume 1, Issue3, August-2012 1 ISSN 2278-7763.
 Conclusion: PLM as a tool which helps to quantify the
performance over a period also helps in meeting the customer
expectations about both the product and the process (how they
get, what they want, and what they actually get). It is high time to
implement PLM tools in modern foundries to enhance their
collaborations and decrease their inefficiency by accurate and
prompt usage of information.
LITERAUTER SURVEY Contd………..
 Raul Brandao and Martin Wynn
 Product Lifecycle Management Systems and Business Process
Improvement – A report on Case Study Research.
 International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology
(IJERT) ISSN: 2278-0181 Vol. 2 Issue 4, April – 2013.
 Conclusion: PLM systems implementation brings a relative
improvement in business processes. The improvement was mainly
evident in processes used by departments and functions that
directly used the new systems. Results strongly suggest that PLM
systems adoption has a positive impact on business processes
within industry.
LITERAUTER SURVEY Contd………..
 Milind Kamthe, Dr. Devendra Singh Verma,

 Product Life Cycle and Marketing Management Strategies.

 Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management JIEM, 2010 –
3(2): 309-322 – Online ISSN: 2013-0953.
 Conclusion: Organizations need to determine the life cycle to set
performance goals, such as sales and profit, growth targets, and
make resources allocation decision, such as strategic and human
resource planning. To improve successful product during each of
its phase of its life cycle, a company must understand how
marketing management works for customer, market and
competitors.
 LITERAUTER SURVEY Contd………..
 Maria Giovanna Trotta.

 ProductLifecycle Management: Sustainability and knowledge

management as keys in a complex system of product development.
 International Journal of Engineering Research and General Science
Volume 5, Issue 2, March-April, 2017. ISSN 2091-2730.
 Conclusion: Product design influences the social, economic and
environmental spheres. In the first step of production, therefore,
companies need to have both the general and specific view of
relationships and influences of a new product design into the
environment. A virtual processes’ overview of the life cycle of the
new product can be done through the integration of the information
needed to control improvement and consequent changes in
relations with each transformation defined level by level.
LITERAUTER SURVEY Contd………..
 Pravin Patidar1, Y.P. Ladhe2.

A Review Project study of Product Life Cycle Management with

Detail Implementation of modern Techniques Likes Three S’s, and
CE.
 International
Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering
and Technology. Vol. 4, Special Issue 6, March 2017 ISSN (Print)
2394-1588
 Conclusion: This research work provides the conclusion that
although PLM generates benefits, the expectations were even
higher. PLM system argues that the value gained from investments
made in PLM can and should be questioned, and claims have been
made that many failures are due to inabilities in implementation.
 LITERAUTER SURVEY Contd………..
 Vijaykumar H K1, Dr. M.S. Uppin2.

 Some Case Studies on Product Life Cycle Management Applied In

Engineering Industries.
 ResearchJournal of Business and Management – (RJBM) ISSN:
2148-6689, Year: 2017 Volume: 4 Issue: 3.
 Conclusion: PLM systems implementation in a number of areas,
including Knowledge capture and reuse Communication and
teamwork, Product and practice management and visibility
.Consequently, capturing the information of both engineers and
shop floor staff has become an vital task and the research showed
that by having a workflow management system integrated with a
single central source of product information will help to alleviate
the problem.
 LITERAUTER SURVEY Contd………..
 Efe Gurman1, Keti Ventura2, Haluk Soyuer3.

 Productlifecycle management as a whole business management

system: an exploratory research.
 ResearchJournal of Business and Management – (RJBM) ISSN:
2148-6689, Year: 2017 Volume: 4 Issue: 3.
 Conclusion: PLM is a body of systems that offer enterprises
integrated enterprise entities that are required for enterprise
integration engineering in addition to the opportunity for process
improvement required for lean value systems and the chance to
record these improvements in the organizational memory.
Besides, it enables enterprises to develop decision-making
mechanisms based on objective information and makes it possible
to run proactive measure mechanisms.
 LITERAUTER SURVEY Contd………..
 Hui Caoa* and Paul Folanb

 Product life cycle: the evolution of a paradigm and literature

review from 1950–2009.
 Production Planning & Control Vol. 23, No. 8, August 2012, 641–
662. Publisher: Taylor & Francis.
 Conclusion: A PLM service can help to make product-related
information available to all the organisations along a product’s
value chain.
 LITERAUTER SURVEY Contd………..
 Hambali1*, S.M. Sapuan1, N. Ismail1, Y. Nukman2 and M.S. Abdul
Karim3.
 The Important Role of Concurrent Engineering in Product
Development Process.
 Pertanika J. Sci. & Technol. 17 (1): 9 – 20 (2009) © Universiti Putra
Malaysia Press. ISSN: 0128-7680
 Conclusion: The firms which have been implementing CE tool in
their product development have gained tremendous benefits,
particularly in terms of reducing cost incurred, reducing time for
product development process, improving product quality and
fulfilling customers’ requirements.
LITERAUTER SURVEY Contd………..
 Gurdeep Singh Saluja1, Dr. Devendra S. Verma2.
 Analysis of Product Life Cycle and Management Strategies: A Case
Study on Patanjali Products.
o International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Research (IJSER)
Volume 5 Issue 7, July 2017.
 Conclusion: From the analysis, it has been finally concluded that
Dantkanti and Patanjali Ghee are at the growth stage while
Patanjali Atta noodles is at the introductory stage of its launch.
Suggested strategy can be implemented so that these products
can proceed to their individual next stages.
 LITERAUTER SURVEY Contd………..
 F. Ameri, D. Dutta.

 “Product lifecycle management: Closing the knowledge loops,”

 Computer-Aided Design and Applications, vol. 2, no. 5, pp. 577-590,
2005.
 Conclusion: This paper described PLM as a knowledge management
system which supports the entire product value chain. PLM closes
different knowledge loops throughout product lifecycle by enabling
reuse of lifecycle knowledge in the development phase While the need
for product innovation, customer intimacy and operations excellence
constitute the internal push towards PLM, globalization, mass
customization, product complexity, shrinkage in product life cycle, push
into the supply chain and environmental issues are some of the
external forces which drive PLM initiatives.
 LITERAUTER SURVEY Contd………..
 Valentina Gecevska1, Paolo Chiabert2, Zoran Anisic3, Franco Lombardi2,
Franc Cus4
 Product lifecycle management through innovative and competitive
business environment.
 Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management JIEM, 2010 –
3(2): 323-336 – Online ISSN: 2013-0953.
 Conclusion: A business approach for coordinating design process
through the implementation of PLM systems is proposed for
improving design coordination in SMEs. Firstly, this business
approach is based on a method for analysing informal collaborative
practices and modelling detailed design processes. Secondly, these
processes are implemented by using PLM technologies.
 LITERAUTER SURVEY Contd………..
 Nicolas Peñaranda1, Ricardo Mejía2, David Romero1, Arturo Molina1*,
 Implementation of Product Lifecycle Management Tools using Enterprise
Integration Engineering and Action-Research. International Journal of
Computer Integrated Manufacturing ·
 International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing ·
October 2010.
 Conclusion: PLM systems are a market differentiated and value-added
customer solution that can be used to decrease project time and enhance
product development process in a company. The proposed methodology
is a systematic approach that offers a set of tools to achieve inter/intra-
enterprise integration, enabling customer and suppliers to actively
participate and monitor the product development process.
COLLECTIVE OUTCOME OF LITERAUTER SURVEY
 Collective Outcomes: Above Mentioned References [1 to 10]
  Advances in information and communication technology (ICT) have
opened new possibilities of collaborations among the customers,
suppliers, manufactures and partners to effectively tackle various
business challenges.
 PLM has been a proven approach for OEMs to increase their
productivity, improve their product quality, speed up delivery, and
increase their profit and to become more efficient.
 PLM systems adoption has a large positive impact on business
processes within industry. The impact of PLM adoption is mainly on
New Product Development and changes on existing products & also
have an influence on other processes in the product lifecycle.
 COLLECTIVE OUTCOME OF LITERAUTER SURVEY
 Collective Outcomes: Above Mentioned References [1 to 10]
 By PLM implementation improvements were delivered in the case
studies in a number of activities, including:
o Increased transparency and better information flow
o Shorter cycle times
o Increased organizational flexibility
o Increased customer satisfaction
o Shorter implementation time
o Improved innovation capabilities
METHODOLOGY Contd………..
There are many PLM strategies which can be adopted by the organization.
Some of these strategies are as follows:
o Increased customer involvement
o Customization of products
o Highest functionality products and services
o Most robust product or services
o Widest range of products and services
o Best processes
o Standard product and services
o Fastest time to market
o Value adding life cycle
o Lowest cost competitor
o Longest life product
METHODOLOGY
Structure of collaborations in PLM portal for major inter and intra-organizational activities.
 CASE STUDY
A small foundry in Belgaum foundry cluster (India) which
manufactures impeller casting was chosen for the case study.
 The customer firm is within 8 km from the foundry and was in
demand of superior castings to meet the requirements of OEMs.
However, these demands were highly fluctuating depending on
the market conditions.
 Hence, the foundry firm was in great difficulty to meet the
resources (men, material, machines) in order achieve the
customer demands. Outsourcing the work due to the shortage of
employees and machines was not a wise decision as per their
management.
 Also,there were issues with shortage of materials since inventory
control was not a healthy practice in the foundry.
 CASE STUDY Contd………..
 As a strategic decision, this foundry was interested to adopt PLM and check
the benefit of using PLM tools. A few PLM strategies implemented were :
(i) shorter time to market
(ii) automation
(iii) best process and
(v) minimization of production cost.
 Tomarch towards this plan of actions, a few healthy practices and digital
manufacturing concepts were also introduced to the foundry.
 Further,to understand the immediate advantages, a qualitative assessment
was done on various activities in foundry in which manufacturing of
impeller casting was done with and without the intervention of PLM tools.
 CASE STUDY Contd………..
 The healthy practices introduced in the foundry include
o timely interaction among users through commercial PLM tool,
o in-house computer aided design,
o structural analysis and casting process simulation,
o interaction with the customer for the finalization of product and
delivery schedule,
o evaluation of man-hours and its appraisal,
o online monitoring of resources, and accounting.
o User logins were created in PLM Software “Teamcenter” to carry
out these responsibilities and to interact with users and
customers.
RESULT DISCUSSION
 There are many advantages of using PLM technology in foundry.
Besides the PLM internal drivers such as productivity, quality,
collaboration and new product development, the advantages
include:
o The reduction of human errors,
o The improved flexibility,
o The dissemination of product knowledge, and
o The continuous monitoring of their growth rates.
 The introduction of Rapid Prototype machine as a digital
manufacturing tool significantly decreased the time and energy
involved in the production of master patterns.
RESULT DISCUSSION Contd………..
 The usage of polymer/plastic patterns compared to wooden pattern have
several advantages such as enhanced pattern life in product cycle, great
dimensional accuracy, reduction in inspection and rework and also the
reusability.

Fig. Master Pattern of Impeller Casting (a) Wooden material (conventional manufacturing) (b) ABS
material (digital manufacturing)
RESULT DISCUSSION Contd………..
Advantages of Conventional Technology PLM Technology
PLM Tech
Singularity Multiple versions of data for individual Unique identification for each product, so easy
products, so difficult to identify and to identify and control product data even after
control data revisions
Corresponden Limited because of non-availability of High because of availability of complete data
ce complete data and information about and information about the physical product
physical product
Traceability Risk of wasting time and energy since Easy to track the product data and information
product data is not recorded digitally and its updates because of digital storage

Cued Product and process data not available as Right product data and information at right
availability and when required leading to wastage of time even without any search
time
Complexity Difficulty due to incomplete Easy to modify product data and information to
representations and insufficient include any complexity leading to mass
information customization
Security Less security and difficulty in tracking the Highly secured since each user is provided with
activities login and password
Ownership Difficult to track the ownership of Easy to track the ownership of product/
product/ practices/processes and cost practices/ processes and cost involved
involved
RESULT DISCUSSION Contd………..
Tasks/ Operations Conventional Technology PLM Technology
  Rating Remarks Rating Remarks
Placing the order 4 hrs In person 10 min E mail to manager
Defining the 4 hrs With proprietor 1 hr As a team with an online discussion
project
Model generation 5 hrs 2D drawing in paper 1 hr Using CAD tool within PLM
Product --- Not entertained by the 30 min Customer suggestions through online
modifications company interactions
Structural analysis --- Based on personnel 2 hrs Using analysis tool within PLM
and check experience
Process --- Based on personnel 1 hr Using process simulation tool within
simulation & experience PLM
planning
Customer 2 hrs In person 10 min Through on-line
interactions
Pattern 10 hrs High carpentry skill is required 2 hrs 30 min Through RP technology
production
Pattern material Not good Made using wood/plywood Good Made using Polymer (ABS) material
 CONCLUSIONS:
 New generation manufacturing companies have modified their views
on performance evaluations not only based on their outputs but also
based on their outcomes over a period.
 PLM as a tool which helps to quantify the performance over a period
also helps in meeting the customer expectations about both the
product and the process.
 It is high time to implement PLM tools in modern factories to
enhance their collaborations and decrease their inefficiency by
accurate and prompt usage of information.
 This study, which indicated the reduction in lead time and
improvement in utilization of organizational resources in the
production, multi-discipline and multi-customer companies to realize
the advantages of using PLM technology.
REFERENCES:
 [1] Michael Grieves, Product life Cycle Management, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi,
2006.
 [2] Rajashekar Patil1, S. Mohan Kumar2 and E. Abhilash3 “ Tools and Strategies for
Product Life Cycle Management – A Case Study in Foundry” . International Journal of
Advancements in Research & Technology, Volume 1, Issue3, August-2012 1 ISSN 2278-
7763.
 [3] By Raul Brandao and Martin Wynn. Product Lifecycle Management Systems and
Business Process Improvement – A report on Case Study Research. Third International
Multi-Conference on Computing in the Global Information Technology ICCGI 2008 .
 [4] Milind Kamthe, Dr. Devendra Singh Verma, Product Life Cycle And Marketing
Management Strategies. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology
(IJERT) ISSN: 2278-0181 Vol. 2 Issue 4, April – 2013.
 [5] Maria Giovanna Trotta. Product Lifecycle Management: Sustainability and
knowledge management as keys in a complex system of product development. Journal
of Industrial Engineering and Management JIEM, 2010 – 3(2): 309-322 – Online ISSN:
2013-0953
REFERENCES:
 [6] Pravin Patidar1, Y.P. Ladhe2. A Review Project study of Product Life Cycle
Management with Detail Implementation of modern Techniques Likes Three S’s, and
CE. International Journal of Engineering Research and General Science Volume 5, Issue
2, March-April, 2017. ISSN 2091-2730.
 [7] Vijaykumar H K1, Dr. M.S. Uppin2 . Some Case Studies on Product Life Cycle
Management Applied In Engineering Industries. International Advanced Research
Journal in Science, Engineering and Technology. Vol. 4, Special Issue 6, March 2017
ISSN (Print) 2394-1588
 [8]. Efe Gurman1, Keti Ventura2, Haluk Soyuer3. Product lifecycle management as a
whole business management system: an exploratory research. Research Journal of
Business and Management – (RJBM) ISSN: 2148-6689, Year: 2017 Volume: 4 Issue: 3.
 [9] Hui Caoa* and Paul Folanb Product life cycle: the evolution of a paradigm and
literature review from 1950–2009. Production Planning & Control Vol. 23, No. 8,
August 2012, 641–662. Publisher: Taylor & Francis.
 [10] A. Hambali1*, S.M. Sapuan1, N. Ismail1, Y. Nukman2 and M.S. Abdul Karim3. The
Important Role of Concurrent Engineering in Product Development Process. Pertanika
J. Sci. & Technol. 17 (1): 9 – 20 (2009) © Universiti Putra Malaysia Press. ISSN: 0128-
7680.
 REFERENCES:
 [11] Gurdeep Singh Saluja1, Dr. Devendra S. Verma2. Analysis of Product Life Cycle and
Management Strategies: A Case Study on Patanjali Products. International Journal of
Scientific Engineering and Research (IJSER) Volume 5 Issue 7, July 2017.
  [12] F. Ameri, D. Dutta. “Product lifecycle management: Closing the knowledge loops,”
Computer-Aided Design and Applications, vol. 2, no. 5, pp. 577-590, 2005
 [13] Valentina Gecevska1, Paolo Chiabert2, Zoran Anisic3, Franco Lombardi2, Franc Cus4
 Product lifecycle management through innovative and competitive business environment.
Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management JIEM, 2010 – 3(2): 323-336 – Online
ISSN: 2013-0953.
 [14] Nicolas Peñaranda1, Ricardo Mejía2, David Romero1, Arturo Molina1*, Implementation
of Product Lifecycle Management Tools using Enterprise Integration Engineering and
Action-Research. International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing · October
2010.
 [15] Kiyan Vadoudi, Romain Allais, Tatiana Reyes, Nadege Troussier. Sustainable Product
Lifecycle Management and Territoriality: New structure for PLM. The IFIP WG5.1 11th
International Conference on Product Lifecycle Management – PLM14 Yokohama, Japan, 7th
– 9th July 2014.
 REFERENCES:
 [16] S. Kumar, W. A. Krob, Managing Product Lifecycle in a Supply Chain Context: A
Prescription Based on Empirical Research. New York: Springer, 2005.
 [17] Kotler Philip; Marketing Management; Pearson Education; Eleventh Edition.
 [18] Dr. A.k.Chitale and Prof. Ravi Gupta (2005); Product Policy Management and Brand
Management.
 [19]Business Studies; the Product Life Cycle; Online.
THANK YOU