Scribd
Upload
983 views37 pages

Module - 4: 8051 Timers and Serial Port

The document discusses various topics related to timers and serial communication on the 8051 microcontroller. It describes the two 16-bit timers/counters on the 8051 and their operation in different modes to generate delays or count external events. It explains how to use the timers to generate a pulse or square wave on a port pin. It also covers basics of serial data communication and programming the 8051 serial port to transmit and receive data.

Uploaded by

Pramod Patil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
983 views37 pages

Module - 4: 8051 Timers and Serial Port

The document discusses various topics related to timers and serial communication on the 8051 microcontroller. It describes the two 16-bit timers/counters on the 8051 and their operation in different modes to generate delays or count external events. It explains how to use the timers to generate a pulse or square wave on a port pin. It also covers basics of serial data communication and programming the 8051 serial port to transmit and receive data.

Uploaded by

Pramod Patil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 37

Module -4

8051 Timers and Serial Port


Contents
• Operation and Assembly language programming
to generate a pulse using Mode-1
• A square wave using Mode-2 on a port pin.
• 8051 Serial Communication
• Basics of Serial Data Communication
• RS-232 standard, 9 pin RS232 signals
• Simple Serial Port programming in Assembly and C
to transmit a message and to receive data serially.
Timer/Counter
• 8051 has two 16bit Timers/Counters
• Timers- To generate the time delay
• Counters- Counts the Event happening outside
the MC
1.Timer 0- 16bit
2.Timer 1- 16bit
Timer
• Set the initial value of registers
• Start the timer and then the 8051 counts up.
• Input from internal system clock (machine
cycle)
• When the TRx registers equal to 0 and the 8051
sets a bit to denote time out 8051

P2 P1 to
Set LCD
Timer 0 TH0

TL0
Counter
• Count the number of events
– Show the number of events on registers
– External input from T0 input pin (P3.4) for Counter0
– External input from T1 input pin (P3.5) for Counter1

8051

TH0
P1 to
TL0
LCD
P3.4
a switch T0
Gate
• Every timer has a mean of starting and stopping.
– GATE=0
• Internal control
• The start and stop of the timer are controlled by way of
software.
• Set/clear the TR for start/stop timer.
SETB TR0
CLR TR0
– GATE=1
• External control
• The hardware way of starting and stopping the timer by
software and an external source.
• Timer/counter is enabled only while the INT pin is high
and the TR control pin is set (TR).
TMod contd….

C/T : Timer or counter selected cleared for timer operation


(input from internal system clock). Set for counter
operation (input from Tx input pin).
M1,M0 : Used for mode selection.Because the Timers of 8051
can be set in 4-different modes.

M1 M0 Mode Operation
0 0 0 13-bit timer mode 8-bit THx + 5-bit TLx (x= 0 or 1)

0 1 1 16-bit timer mode 8-bit THx + 8-bit TLx

1 0 2 8-bit auto reload 8-bit auto reload timer/counter;


THx holds a value which is to be reloaded into
TLx each time it overflows.

1 1 3 Split timer mode


TMod contd…
Let us understand the working of Timer Mode 1
• For this , let us consider timer 0 as an example.
• 16-bit timer (TH0 and TL0)
• TH0-TL0 is incremented continuously when TR0 is set
to 1. And the 8051 stops to increment TH0-TL0 when
TR0 is cleared.
• The timer works with the internal system clock.
• When the timer (TH0-TL0) reaches its maximum of
FFFFH, it rolls over to 0000, and TF0 is raised.
• Programmer should check TF0 and stop the timer 0.
Steps of Mode 1
1. Choose mode 1 timer 0
– MOV TMOD,#01H
2. Set the original value to TH0 and TL0.
– MOV TH0,#FFH
– MOV TL0,#FCH
3. You better to clear the TF: TF0=0.
– CLR TF0
4. Start the timer.
– SETB TR0
Mode 1 contd…

5.The 8051 starts to count up by incrementing the


TH0-TL0.
– TH0-TL0= FFFCH,FFFDH,FFFEH,FFFFH,0000H

TR0=1 TR0=0
Start timer TH0 TL0
Stop timer

FFFC FFFD FFFE FFFF 0000

TF = 0 TF = 0 TF = 0 TF = 0 TF = 1
TF Monitor TF until TF=1
Mode 1 contd…
6. When TH0-TL0 rolls over from FFFFH to
0000, the 8051 set TF0=1.
TH0-TL0= FFFE H, FFFF H, 0000 H (Now
TF0=1)
7. Keep monitoring the timer flag (TF) to see
if it is raised.
AGAIN: JNB TF0, AGAIN
8. Clear TR0 to stop the process.
CLR TR0
9. Clear the TF flag for the next round.
CLR TF0
TCON Register

Timer control register is a 8-bit


register which is bit addressable and in

which Upper nibble is for


timer/counter,
lower nibble is for interrupts
Tcon contd…
• TR (Timer run control bit)
– TR0 for Timer/counter 0; TR1 for Timer/counter 1.
– TR is set by programmer to turn timer/counter on/off.
• TR=0 : off (stop)
• TR=1 : on (start)

• TF (timer flag, control flag)


– TF0 for timer/counter 0; TF1 for timer/counter 1.
– TF is like a carry. Originally, TF=0. When TH-TL roll over to 0000 from
FFFFH, the TF is set to 1.
• TF=0 : not reach
• TF=1: reach
• If we enable interrupt, TF=1 will trigger ISR.
Equivalent Instructions for the Timer Control Register

For timer 0
SETB TR0 = SETB TCON.4
CLR TR0 = CLR TCON.4
SETB TF0 = SETB TCON.5
CLR TF0 = CLR TCON.5
For timer 1
SETB TR1 = SETB TCON.6
CLR TR1 = CLR TCON.6
SETB TF1 = SETB TCON.7
CLR TF1 = CLR TCON.7

TCON: Timer/Counter Control Register


TF1 TR1 TF0 TR0 IE1 IT1 IE0 IT0
Simple applications using ports &Timers
• Using a port ,by a simple program you can generate a
Square wave of any duty cycle.
HERE : SETB P1.0 (Make bit of Port 0 High)
LCALL DELAY
CLR P1.0
LCALL DELAY
SJMP HERE : Keep doing it

Here same delay is used for both


High & low
Square-wave of 66%duty cycle.

HERE : SETB P1.0 ( Make bit of Port 0 High)


LCALL DELAY
LCALL DELAY
CLR P1.0
LCALL DELAY
SJMP HERE : Keep doing it
Square-wave generation using Timer
 Square wave of 50% duty on P1.5
 Timer 0 is used
; each loop is a half clock
MOV TMOD,#01 ;Timer 0,mode 1(16-bit)
HERE: MOV TL0,#0F2H ;Timer value = FFF2H
MOV TH0,#0FFH
CPL P1.5
ACALL DELAY
SJMP HERE

DELAY:
SETB TR0 ;start the timer 0
AGAIN: JNB TF0,AGAIN
CLR TR0 ;stop timer 0
CLR TF0 ;clear timer 0 flag
RET
Serial Communication

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy