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Three-Phase Ac System

This document discusses three-phase systems which provide advantages over single-phase systems including more power per kilogram of metal and constant power delivery. A three-phase system consists of three-phase generators, transmission lines, and loads. It produces three AC voltages with 120 degree phase differences. There are various configurations for connecting three-phase systems including wye-wye, delta-delta, and wye-delta. The document also covers active power, reactive power, and apparent power calculations for three-phase loads.

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Jose Navarro
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104 views20 pages

Three-Phase Ac System

This document discusses three-phase systems which provide advantages over single-phase systems including more power per kilogram of metal and constant power delivery. A three-phase system consists of three-phase generators, transmission lines, and loads. It produces three AC voltages with 120 degree phase differences. There are various configurations for connecting three-phase systems including wye-wye, delta-delta, and wye-delta. The document also covers active power, reactive power, and apparent power calculations for three-phase loads.

Uploaded by

Jose Navarro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Three-Phase Systems

Introduction
Almost all electric power
generation and most of the
power transmission in the
world is in the form of
three-phase AC circuits. A
three-phase AC system
consists of three-phase
generators, transmission
lines, and loads.
There are two major advantages of three-phase
systems over a single-phase system:

1) More power per kilogram of metal form a


three-phase machine;
2) Power delivered to a three-phase load is
constant at all time, instead of pulsing as it
does in a single-phase system.
Generation of three-phase voltages and
currents
A three-phase generator consists of three sets of windings and
produce three ac voltages with equal amplitudes and phase
differences of 120°.
Waveform of voltages in Three-phase system
Basic Three-Phase Circuit

• Phases are labeled A, B, and C.


• Phases are sequenced as A, B,
C (positive) or A, C, B (negative).
For Three-phase 4 wire system
– 3 “active” phases, A, B, C
– 1 “ground”, or “neutral”
• Color Code
– Phase A Red
– Phase B Black
– Phase C Blue
– Neutral White or Gray
a a

V0 W y e C o n n e c te d
_
n Source
_ _
V  -2 4 0 V  -1 2 0
+ +
 
b b VLine = Phase
c
 
ILine = IPhase
c
Delta Source

a a
Vab = | Vab |  0
_ + D e lta
S o urce Vbc = Vab  -120
+ _
Vca = Vab  -240
c b b
_ +

c  
VLine = Phase
 
ILine = IPhase
Wye – Wye System
Delta – Delta System
a A
Z l

_ +

Z
ZL

L
+ _

b
c _ + B C
Z ZL
l

Z l
Delta – Wye System

a A
Z l

_ + ZL

+ _
ZL ZL
b
c _ + B C
Z l

Z l
Wye - Delta System

a a
A
IaA IAB ICA
+

V0
_
Z Z
n
_ _
V  -2 4 0 V  -1 2 0 IB C
+ +
b b B C
c Z

c
Active Power to a Balanced Load

• P = VI cos 
• PT = 3P = 3VI cos 
• PT = VLIL cos 
• P = I2R
• PT = 3I2R
Reactive Power to a Balanced Load

• Q = VI sin 
• QT = VLIL sin 
• Q = I2X
• Units are VARs
Apparent Power to a Balanced
Load
• S = VI
• ST = VLIL
• S = I2Z
CIRCUIT BREAKERS
PANELBOARD
PANELBOARD
PANELBOARD
Thank you
very much

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