Safety Talk

Topics
 List of the Topics
1) Chemical Handling 1) Safe Working in Warehouse
2) Hazardous Waste Handling 2) Action in Case of Chemical Exposure
3) Work At Height 3) Benefits of PPE’s
4) Manual Weight Lifting 4) First Aid
5) Safe Electrical Work 5) Danger of Mobil Usage
6) Incident Reporting 6) Fire Fighting Equipment Usage
7) Handling Spill 7) Safety Sign
8) Smell Test 8) Safety Switches & Guarding
9) Safe Working On Rotary Machine 9) Handling Air Gun
10)Food Safety 10)Handling Sharp Object
11)Work Permit
 Chemical Handling
Introduction:
We use many different chemicals in the workplace. We
need them on daily basis to do our jobs. But often
these materials can be hazardous to health and safety
unless we take proper precautions while handling
them.

Categories of Chemicals:
Flammable, Toxic, Reactive, Biological (infectious),
Carcinogen (cancer-causing) & Radioactive.

Physical States of Chemicals:

Liquid, Solid, Gas & Vapor.

How to Handle Chemicals Properly:

Read Safety instruction, and Hazard signs, Storage
conditions,, Always follow procedures.

Routes of Exposure:
Inhalation, Ingestion, Absorption & Injection.
Symptoms of Possible Exposure: Chemical Handling
Eye discomfort, Breathing difficulty, Dizziness, Headache, Nausea,
Vomiting & Skin irritation

Handling Flammable Chemical:

Keep containers closed when not in use, Keep away from ignition
sources, Avoid contact with incompatible materials, Only transfer
to approved containers, Bond all receiving containers, Clean up
spills and dispose of waste properly

Proper Storage of Hazardous Chemicals:

Ensure that storage areas meet recommended storage
conditions, Replace all bung caps with drum vents after receiving
containers, Ground all drums properly, Store quantities in
approved storage rooms and cabinets, Store only in small
quantities with Secondary containment.

General Safety Tips:

Never eat, drink, or smoke while using hazardous chemicals, Use
personal protective equipment as required, Make sure all
chemical containers are properly labeled, Always wash up after
using chemicals. Never smell or taste a chemical to identify it,
Know all emergency procedures and equipment, Always read
labels’ MSDSs prior to use, Store all hazardous chemicals
properly, Always use hazardous chemicals as intended.
 Hazardous Waste Handling
Introduction:
Simply defined, a hazardous waste is a waste with properties that make it
dangerous or capable of having a harmful effect on human health or the
environment. Hazardous waste is generated from many sources & may come
in many forms, including liquids, solids gases, and sludges.

List of Hazardous Waste:

1) Used Batteries
2) Broken Energy Savers / Tube light / Blubs
3) Electrical / IT Appliances.
4) Lube Oil / Used Oil
5) Oil Filter / Oil Rugs
6) Grease
7) Chemicals / Expire Chemicals
8) Use ink / Die Drums
9) Expire Products for example Food Item, Paints, Tetra Pack, Drinks, Milk etc….
 Hazardous Waste Handling
Hazardous Waste Handling:

The Sindh Environmental Protection Agency (SEPA) and

The Sindh Occupation Health & Safety Act 2017 (OSHA)
dictate that when one is dealing with hazardous waste
it is necessary to wear personal protective equipment (PPE).

Hazardous Waste Storage & Transportation:

Admin monitor its handling that will be conducted by janitorial

staff who will daily collect such waste. Janitorial staff worn PPE’s
to collect dry and wet hazardous waste separately.
Such waste will immediately transfer to designated box / area,
once collect in a saleable amount then admin sale this waste to SEPA
approved contractor.
Sale of such waste strictly not allowed to local market vendors.
 Work At Height
Introduction:
Work at height means work in any place where, if precautions were not taken,
a person could fall a distance liable to cause personal injury. Work at height does 
not include a slip or a trip on the level, as a fall from height has to involve a fall
from one level to a lower level.

Work at Height Hazards:

There are certain activities involving working at height that present an obvious
hazard. These include work from ladders, scaffolds and platforms. If a worker falls
from a height of 4-5ft, they are likely to sustain a serious injury,
permanent disability or die.
 Work At Height
Fall Hazard Controls:
• First line of defense “Eliminate the fall hazard e.g
change process to be able to perform task at ground
level
• Second line of defense “Prevent the fall e.g Install
platforms and guard railing or Install tie offs where
work from heights are necessary.
• Third and last resort “Control the fall e.g Signs, Safe
job procedures, Safety equipment & inspections ,
Personal Protective Equipment
Equipment's for Work at Height:
1) Safety Harness & hooks.
2) Elevated Work Platform
3) Step Ladder
 Manual Weight Lifting
Introduction:
Manual handling is any transporting or supporting of a load by one
or more workers. It includes the following activities: lifting, holding,
putting down, pushing, pulling, carrying or moving of a load.
The load can be an animate (people or animals) or inanimate
(boxes, tools etc.) object. Manual handling is also sometimes
called ‘manual material handling’’

Manual Weight Lifting Hazards:

Manual handling can result in fatigue, and lead to injuries of the back,
neck, shoulders, arms or other body parts or fatality.

General Guidelines for Lifting:

There are general guidelines - or maximum weights - for men and women.
If applying these, no man should attempt to lift anything heavier than 25kg
and a woman’s maximum limit is 16kg.
 Manual Weight Lifting
Good handling technique for lifting:

1) Stop & Think

2) Position the Feet
3) Adopt a good posture
4) Get a firm grip
5) Keep the load close to the Waist.
6) Don’t flex the back any further while lifting
7) Keep the head up when handling.
8) Move the Feet smoothly
9) Put down than Adjust
Introduction: Safe Electrical Work
Safety related work practices will be used to prevent electric
shock or other injuries resulting from either direct or indirect 
electrical contacts. Safety related work practices will be consistent
with the nature and extent of the associated electrical hazards.
Hazards from Electrical Shock:
1) Burns
2) Fall
3) Sever Injuries
4) Fatality
PPE’s for Electrical Work:
Depending on the job task to be performed, PPE for the electrical
work generally includes safety glasses, face shields, hard hats, safety
shoes, insulating (rubber) gloves with leather protectors, insulating
sleeves, and flame-resistant (FR) clothing
Electrical Safety Tips:
1) Never put fingers or other objects in an outlet
2) Never use anything with a cord or plug around water
3) Never pull a plug out by its cord
4) Stay away from sub-stations and power lines
5) Don't climb on power poles
6) Stay away from broken or fallen power lines
7) Never touch big, metal transformer boxes with warning signs
8) Obey warning signs
 Safe Electrical Work
The most effective way to protect against electrical hazards is to use LO/TO.
 Your facility have specific requirements for LO/TO.
Always comply with the requirements.
 LO/TO accomplishes a zero energy state and there
is no electrical hazard.
 You are required to comply with all LO/TO
requirements.
 Failure to comply can result in injury or death!

 Your personal lock and personal danger tag is

what protects you from systems being re-
energized while you are working on them.
 You are the only person authorized to remove
them except under specially controlled
conditions.
 If you don’t install them, you are not protected!
Introduction:
Incident Reporting
An incident report is a formal recording of the facts related
to an incident. The report usually relates to an accident or
injury that has occurred on the worksite, but it can also
pertain to any unusual worksite occurrences, especially
near misses. A health and safety incident is an accident,
illness or suspected or actual case of exposure to a hazardous
Material etc. Any incident that involves worker safety should
be recorded, no matter how insignificant it may seem.

Why report and record?

Reporting and recording are legal requirements. The report tells
about serious incidents / near misses, accident or injury. This means
HSE Department can identify where and how risks arise and whether
they need to be investigated.

Reporting Procedure:
Whenever any incident occurs, the first interaction immediately reports
to the Line manager/ HOD. Line manager/HOD takes immediate action as
per First Aid Procedure or Emergency preparedness and response procedure.
Reporting Procedure (Cont.):
Incident Reporting
HOD initiate incident report immediately and submit to HSE/MR for investigation.
MR assigned someone to investigate the incident and submit the report within 24Hrs.
The person assigned for investigation follows the phases of investigation as under:
1) Collection of information and evidence.
2) Evaluation and Analysis of Information.
3) Development of Corrective and Preventive Actions.
4) Review Findings, Assess and Implement Actions.
5) Review Effectiveness of actions & lesson learn.
Introduction:
Handling Spill
The management of spills that may occur & effect on HSE from exposure,
it is extremely important to be adequately prepared to handle spills which
can happen at any time. No matter how minor a spill may be. All spills must
be properly disposed of according to

If a spill occurs:
• Clean up spills immediately to protect yourself and others in the area.
• Do not put yourself at unnecessary risk; wear the appropriate personal
protective equipment (PPE) whenever handling pesticides.
• Some product labels provide specific guidelines on how to handle a spill,
so prepare yourself to handle a spill before it takes place.

The following items should be on location and easily accessible in the event of a spill: 
protective eyewear; rubber gloves; rubber or plastic foot coverings;
dry absorbent material such as sponge or paper towels etc.

Control the Spill

• Always put on protective equipment before handling a spill.
• Stop the spill or leak immediately. If a container, bag, sprayer, or
spreader turns over, return it to an upright position. If a small container
is leaking, place the container directly into a Secondary containment to
stop further release.
 Handling Spill
Contain the Spill:
• Do everything possible to prevent the spill from spreading and to contain
the material in as small an area as possible.
• For liquid spills you may be able to create a dike of soil or an absorbent
material to contain liquid spills. 
• Quickly cover liquid spills with an absorbent material,
such as sponge or paper towels etc.

Clean Up the Spill Immediately:

• Once liquid spills have been absorbed, sweep up or collect the contaminated
absorbent materials, and seal them in a heavy-duty plastic bag for disposal.
• Use diluted bleach or detergent to clean the contaminated area.
• Clean all equipment thoroughly.
• Wash your hands, forearms, face, neck and any other parts that may have
been exposed, with soap and water.  Shower if necessary.

Reference Document:

To control & mange the spills Organization Developed a Work Instruction

Named “Oil Spill Control”, Document # WI-L2-AD-05
 Smell Test
Introduction:
• An informal method for determining whether something is authentic, 
credible, or ethical, by using one's common sense or sense of propriety.
• An inspection of an object using the sense of smell, as for freshness of
food.
• An assessment of a subject's ability to detect and distinguish odors .

Smell:
• Smell is one of the chemical senses
• The sense of smell is also called Olfaction
• The molecules we perceive as smells are called Odorants,
Those molecules are generally light, volatile (easy to evaporate)
chemicals that float through the air into your nose.

Experiment:
To test the ability to identify familiar aromatic odors with
nostril at a time with eye closed.

Equipment:
Vials / beaker of aromatic substance e.g. gasoline, diesel, alcohol, kerosene
Phenyl, Sanitizer, Cooking oil etc.
 Smell Test
Procedure:

• Before starting to check the sense of olfaction the examiner

should ensure that both nasal passages are patent.
• Ask the subject to close one nostril, inhale and then exhale.
• The eye of the subject should be closed.
• For testing the sense of smell, the examiner should have four
small bottles,
one containing some Gasoline, second Alcohol, third Phenyl,
and the fourth of Diesel.
• First of all use the least irritating substance, after closing one
nostril and open vial of the volatile substance is put close to the
nostril and the subject is asked to inhale and identify the Smell.
• The same procedure is repeated in the other nostril. Before
starting with the other Smell, allow the subject to rest for one
minute.
 Safe Working on Rotary Machines
Introduction:
All moving machine parts that may cause injury must be
safeguarded. This includes the point of operation, the power
transmission apparatus, and rotary or reciprocating parts.
To be effective, a guard should prevent employees from
contacting the dangerous parts of the machines, and it should
be secure.

Common Hazards:
• Rotating parts and shafts, such as stock projecting from the
chuck of a lathe, can catch hair or clothing and draw the
operator in. This can seriously mangle or crush the operator.
• Operators can be struck by a projecting bolt or key.
• Rotating parts and stock can force an arm or hand into a
dangerous position, breaking bones and lacerating or severing
a hand or other parts of a limb.
• Operators can be caught and crushed by reciprocating
movement when the moving part approaches or crosses a
fixed part of the machine
 Safe Working on Rotary Machines
Common Solutions:

1)Engineering Controls:

Machine Guarding There are many ways to guard machines. To be

effective, a guard should prevent employees from contacting the
dangerous parts of the machines, and it should be secure. Make
sure that guards are in working order and that they are
appropriate and practical for the machinery. Additional methods
for safeguarding machines include guarding by location or
distance, feeding methods, and appropriate placement of controls

2) Work Practice Controls:

Train workers on machine use and allow only trained and

authorized workers to operate and maintain the equipment.
Frequently inspect equipment and guards Use equipment only
when guards are in place and in working order. Never leave a
machine unattended in the “on” position. Maintain proper
housekeeping. Do not allow workers to wear loose clothing or
long hair. Use appropriate personal protective equipment.
 Food Safety
Introduction:
Food safety is defined as the assurance that food / product /
packaging will not cause harm to the consumer when it is
prepared / packed or eaten according to its intended use. Food
safety has become a constant concern all over the world, In this
context, it is essential that quality management tools are adopted.
These tools should emphasize the standardization of products and
process, product traceability, and food-safety assurance.

Contamination:
Contamination happens when food / product are corrupted with
another substance. It can happen In the process of production,
transportation, packaging, storage & sales .
The contamination can be physical, chemical and biological.

Physical Contamination:
Physical contaminants are objects such as hair, plant stalks or
pieces of plastic and metal. When the foreign object comes into
the food, it is a physical contaminant. Common sources to create
physical contaminations are: hair, glass or metal, pests, jewelry,
dirt and fingernails
 Food Safety
Chemical Contamination:
Chemical contamination happens when food is contaminated with
a natural or artificial chemical substance. Common sources of
chemical contamination can include: pesticides, herbicides,
veterinary drugs, contamination from environmental sources
(water, air or soil pollution).

Biological contamination:
Biological contamination refers to food that has been contaminated
by substances produced by living creatures, such as humans,
rodents, pests or microorganisms. This includes bacterial
contamination, viral contamination, or parasite contamination that
is transferred through saliva, pest droppings or blood.

ISO 22000 FSSC (Food Safety System Certification):

ISO 22000 is a standard developed by the International
Organization for Standardization dealing with food safety. The ISO
22000 international standard specifies the requirements for a food
safety management system that involves interactive
communication, system management, prerequisite
programs, HACCP (Hazards Analysis & Critical Controlling
Points) principles.
Introduction:
Work Permit
A system for performing routine and non-routine jobs in the safest possible
manner wherever there is any hazard for employees, contractors,
contractor’s employees caused through the work performed or work
environment itself. The system covers, high hazard potential tasks, such as
working at heights, hot work / welding, cutting and grindings etc., flames &
spark generation, Electrical Work, confined space entry etc.

Hot Work:
Hot work is a process that can be a source of ignition when flammable
material is present or can be a fire hazard regardless of the presence of
flammable material in the workplace. Common hot work processes
are welding, soldering, cutting, brazing, grinding and drilling.

Following services have been isolated for the duration of work:

1) Smoke Detectors
2) Pipes, tanks & valves
3) Electrical Outlets / Appliances

Following Control Measures may be implemented for the duration of works:

 1) Barrication / Signage
2) Fire Watch
3) Cover / Move Material
Fire Watch:
Work Permit
The act of watching for the occurrence of fires. Fire watches are
often employed in forested areas where the risk of fires is high;  in
industrial settings where hot work (welding, cutting, metal
grinding, etc.) is occurring.

Work at height:

This permit is for workers / contractors engaged to carry out works

which involves Working at Heights. Work at Height is work in any
place, including a place at, above or below ground level, where a
person could be injured if they fell from that place. Select examples
of Working at Height: working on ladders, Closure plant roofs,
working on scaffolding or Mobile Elevated Working Platforms,
working on walls for cleaning with harness etc.

Electrical Works:

This permit is for any workers / contractors engaged to carry out

Electrical Works. Electricity can severely injure or kill people, and
can cause damage to buildings and property from the effect of fires
and explosions.
Introduction:
Safe Working in Warehouse
Warehousing work activities create numerous health and safety risks. If you
fail to control them, your warehouse may face a high employee turnover,
underperforming staff, injuries and illnesses, lost working days, legal issues,
and, at worst, fatalities.

Warehouse Safety Tips:

Vehicle Safety:
Only allow staff to drive vehicles if they have received practical training.
Ensure workers maintain speed limits
Maximize visibility. 
Enforce a zero-tolerance policy
Keep aisles free of obstructions.
Arrange for regular inspection and maintenance of vehicles. Provide drivers
with a list of daily checks.
Maintain the floor to prevent overturning or damage to the vehicle. 

Slips, Trips, and Falls:

Ensure staff know how to carry out good housekeeping. 
Use anti-slip tape and shoes. Make sure floors are level 
Train staff to work at height safely.
Lifting:
Safe Working in Warehouse
Ensure operators of lifting equipment know the maximum safe
working load 
Train staff in manual handling safety.
Avoid the need for manual handling if possible
Ensure staff use and store hand lifter properly.

Pallets and Racking:

Train staff to load pallets securely.
Make sure staff follow the safe stacking height and weight capacity 
Instruct staff to inspect each pallet before use
Tell staff not to climb, lean on, or walk over pallets or racking
Ensure staff do not use pallets or fork lift trucks to access heights.
Provide staff with suitable personal protective equipment (PPE).

Personal Protective Equipment:

Safety Helmets
Safety Shoes
Hand Gloves

Training:
Provide practical and technical training to
workers.
 Action in case of chemical Exposure
Introduction:
Exposure occurs when people have contact with a chemical, either
directly or through another substance contaminated with a chemical.
This is called chemical exposure. A certain amount of a harmful
chemical must enter your body to make you sick. Harmful chemicals
can get into your body if you breathe, eat, or drink them or if they are
absorbed through your skin.

Interim First Aid

Chemical Inhalation
• If large amounts of a hazardous material are inhaled, immediately
get to fresh air.
• If experiencing extreme pain or difficulty breathing, get medical
care as soon as possible!

Skin Contact with Chemicals

• If hazardous materials get on the skin, immediately flush the
contaminated skin with copious amounts of plain water for at least
15 minutes, while removing all contaminated clothing and shoes.
• If you do not feel well or if there is burning or extreme pain, get
medical care as soon as possible!
 Action in case of chemical Exposure
Eye Contact with Chemicals:
• If chemicals get into the eyes, immediately irrigate the eyes with copious amounts
of plain water for a minimum of at least 15 minutes, while holding the eyelids open
and rolling the eyes.
• If you do not feel well or if there is burning or extreme pain, get medical care as
soon as possible!

Ingestion or Injection of Chemicals:

• If chemicals are ingested or injected via a puncture wound, immediately wash out
the affected area with copious amounts of water and if there is a puncture wound,
make it bleed
• If you do not feel well or if there is persistent burning or extreme pain, get medical
care as soon as possible!

Burns
• Extinguish any chemical burning by using the emergency shower, dousing with
water.
• Quickly remove any clothing contaminated with chemicals.
• Flush burned areas with water to remove heat. Continue to flush with plain water
for at least 15 minutes if chemicals are involved.
• Get medical care immediately if the burn is serious, extensive, or you are in doubt.

Wounds
• If an individual is bleeding severely, control the bleeding by compressing the wound
with a cloth or whatever is available. Elevate the injury above the level of the heart.
Get medical care as soon as possible!
• In the case of a less severe cut, wash the cut and remove any pieces of glass if
present. If the cut is not trivial, get medical care as soon as possible!
 Benefits of using PPE’s
Introduction:
Safety is a major issue for industries. Each year, accidents happen
frequently in the industries and often times it is due to the absence of
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) or failure to wear the provided PPE.
PPE is equipment that will protect workers against health or safety risks on
the job. The purpose is to reduce employee exposure to hazards when
engineering and administrative controls are not feasible or effective to
reduce these risks to acceptable levels. These hazard risks can be anything
from wet floors to falling debris and everything in between. Let’s explore
some PPE commonly used in industries and their benefits:

Head Protection
Hard hats are common in industries. They are designed to protect against
flying or falling objects that would otherwise impact or penetrate the
worker. Some hard hats are equipped with accessories such as face shields
and earmuffs. Hard hats should be well-fitted.

Eye and Face Protection

Eye and face protection are equally as important as head protection.
Safety goggles, spectacles and full face shields can give you the protection
needed for the eyes and face. Metal work, wood-work, hot-work and air-
tool operations all require this type of protection.
Respiratory protection: Benefits of using PPE’s
Respiratory protection is vital on sites where toxic substances are present.
Sometimes what you can’t see can hurt you. Respiratory protections like
respirators are designed to protect you from dust, fumes, paint spray,
pesticides and other dangerous substances that could cause permanent
impairment. Respiratory protection should be used in environments with
air contaminants.

Hand, Foot & Skin protection

Because a lot of work is done with the hands, gloves are an essential item
in providing skin protection. Some examples of gloves commonly used as
PPE include rubber gloves, cut-resistant gloves, etc. Using gloves helps to
avoid hazards usually involved when working with chemicals, glass, sheet
metal, electricity, hot materials or slippery objects. Safety shoes and foot
guards help to prevent foot and leg injuries. They can also help prevent
injuries by protecting workers from hazards such as rolling or falling
objects, wet and slippery surfaces, sharp objects, molten metals, hot
surfaces and electrical hazards.

Hearing protection
Earplugs and earmuffs are common hearing protection tools. It is
important to note that earmuffs are more effective in reducing high-
frequency noise while earplugs are more effective for reducing low-
frequency noise. Standard of Noise is 85 dBA for industries.
Introduction: First Aid Provide.
First aid is the assistance given to any person suffering a
serious illness or injury with care provided to preserve life, prevent the
condition from worsening, or to promote recovery. It includes initial
intervention in a serious condition prior to professional medical help being
available, such as performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) while
awaiting for an ambulance, as well as the complete treatment of minor
conditions, such as applying a plaster to a cut. First aid is generally
performed by someone with basic medical training.

Importance of First Aid Knowledge:

People often don’t consider the importance of basic first aid education.
There are numerous reasons why people put it off.
• They don’t have the time
• They don’t know where to begin
• They don’t believe that accidents will ever happen to them or those
close to them
• They think they already have enough knowledge should the need arise

1) Helps to save lives.

A trained person is more reliable, confident and in control of themselves
when an emergency arises. People who are trained are more likely to to
take immediate action in an emergency situation.
 First Aid Provide.
2) It allows the rescuer to provide the victim comfort.
Having someone trained in first aid can bring immediate relief to the patient.
Being calm and assessing the situation helps the patient relax while their
injuries are being treated and stabilized until emergency personnel arrive.
3) It gives you tools to prevent the situation from becoming worse.
In some situations if a patient doesn’t receive basic first aid immediately their
situation will deteriorate – often rapidly. By being able to provide basic first
aid you can stabilize a patient until emergency medical services arrives. You’ll
learn how to use basic items as tools if a first aid kit is not available meaning
that you’ll be able to cope with many situations.
You’ll also be trained in how to collect information and data about what
happened and the patients’ condition. This information will be passed on to
the emergency services, which saves them time .
4) It creates the confidence to care.
Having a basic first aid knowledge means that you’ll be confident in your skills
and abilities in relation to first aid administration. By taking first aid training, it
helps you to reflect on yourself and how you and others react in certain
situations.
5) It encourages healthy and safe living.
A trained person is better able to asses their surroundings. Knowledge of first
aid promotes the sense of safety and well being amongst people. Having an
awareness and desire to be accident free keeps you more safe and reduces
the number of causalities and accidents.
Introduction:
Danger of Mobile Usage during work
Employees often bring their cell phones to work, a choice that could
potentially cause numerous hazards on the job. Cell phones can be a
dangerous distraction in the workplace, cell phones can cause us to lose
focus on the task at hand. When used inappropriately these devices can
get employees in trouble at work as well as potentially cause
serious injury.

Three basic potential hazards of cell phones in the workplace are:

Lost Productivity:
One of the most pressing issues for employers when it comes to the use of
cell phones in the work place is loss of productivity. Cell phones all users
the ability to surf the internet, send text messages, take pictures as well as
interact with downloaded apps and games, such distractions can lead to a
huge loss of productivity on the job.
Equipment Accidents
When employees have access to equipment such as forklifts, bulldozers,
and other heavy machinery using a cell phone on the job could be
disastrous and cost someone their life. An employee could be glancing
down to read a text message and accidentally run over another employee
or into another vehicle or building. These accidents can be quite costly for
an employer and very dangerous for other employees.
 Danger of Mobile Usage during work
Privacy Issues:
An often overlooked issue regarding the use of cell phones in the
workplace is a violation of privacy rights. Most cell phones are equipped
with the capability of taking and sending pictures to other phones and
email addresses, this put important business information and confidential
operating processes at risk of being exposed.

Rules for Using Cell Phones at Work:

1) Put Your Phone Away
2) Turn Off Your Ringer
3) Use Your Cell Phone for Important Calls Only
4) Find a Private Place to Make Cell Phone Calls
5) Don't Look at Your Phone During Meetings Unless...

It's important to remember that this can be just as dangerous for workers
as it is for drivers. Texting and driving is a well-known hazard, but this
same hazard in the workplace is more often ignored or overlooked. The
amount of accidents that happen while people are using their phones has
been on the rise.
Introduction:
Fire Fighting Equipment Usage
There are many different types of fire safety equipment. Each device is
designed specifically to deal with the different classes of fire in a range of
environments. If you’re struggling to figure out which fire safety devices
you need in your building, take a look at the following range of equipment.

Fire Extinguishers:

Most buildings contain a variety of hand-held firefighting equipment. This

range of equipment is designed to help contain small fires before they
spread and become too large to control. Portable fire extinguishers are
available with a number of different extinguishing agents to help you
combat a flame. A portable extinguisher may contain the following
substance:
dry powder
CO2
wet chemical

Fire Blankets:

Fire blankets are designed to smother class F fires. That means flame that
is fueled by cooking oils and fats. Naturally, fire blankets are installed in
kitchen environments, where the chance of a class F fire is the highest.
Fire Hose Reels:
Fire Fighting Equipment Usage
Fire hose reels are ideal for extinguishing class A fires. That is fires that are
fueled by paper, rubber, wood, and other non-conductive materials. As fire
hose reels discharge water, they cannot be used to combat electrical fires.
There are other types of fire safety equipment designed to deal with
electrical fires – namely C02 fire extinguishers.

Emergency & Exit Signs:

Whilst firefighting equipment is important during an emergency when a

flame is out of control, you need to evacuate a building. Emergency and
exit signs will help to provide a clear path to an exit during a fire. Having
clear signage and lighting will help contain panic and guide your team
members to an appropriate exit in time

Smoke Detector & Fire Alarm:

A smoke detector is a device that senses smoke, typically as an indicator

of fire. Smoke detector issue a signal to a fire alarm control panel as part of
a fire alarm system, while household smoke detectors, also known
as smoke alarms, generally issue a local audible or visual alarm from the
detector itself.
 Safety Signs Color Meaning / Purpose
Instruction /
Information
Example
Introduction:
RED Prohibition/Danger Dangerous
A safety and/or health sign is defined
/ Extreme Hazard behavior; stop;
as ‘information or instruction about health and
safety at work on a signboard, a color, an
shutdown;
illuminated sign or acoustic signal, a verbal
emergency cut-out
communication or hand signal.’ devices; evacuate

The use of symbols and graphical images is a YELLOW  Warning Be careful; take
simple safety system used to convey safety precautions;
messages at a glance.  examine
BLUE Mandatory Specific behavior or
Colors and symbols appropriately used can
provide information and warnings of hazards
action e.g. wear
which are essential to safety at work, and in personal protective
some instances may be independent of equipment
language.
GREEN Emergency escape; Doors; exits; escape
BARRIER TAPES
first aid. No danger routes equipment
Barrier tape can be used where the marking of and facilities Return
dangerous locations is deemed necessary (e.g. to normal
highlighting the edge of a raised platform or
area or restricted heights). They can be used
RED (fire- Fire fighting Identification &
internally or externally to help alert people of a fighting equipment location
hazard or danger. signs)
Safety Signs
Introduction:
Safety Switches / Guarding
A safety switch is a device that quickly switches off the electricity
supply if an electrical fault is detected, to minimize the risk of
electricity-related fires, electric shock, injury and death.

How Safety Switches Work:

When a person makes direct contact with electricity, it is directed away
from its main path in the electrical circuit and instead goes through the
person’s body to earth. A safety switch can detect the change in the
electrical circuit and switches the power off in as little as 0.3 seconds.
Fuses and circuit breakers protect against short circuits and current
overloads, but only safety switches protect people from electric shock.
Safety switches are only a back-up. They may not protect all wiring and
electrical appliances and will not prevent all electric shocks.

Types of Safety Switches:

The three main types of safety switches are:

1) Guard Locking Switches

2) Hinge Switches
3) Non-contact Interlock Switches
4) Tongue Interlock Switches
5) Trapped Key Switches
Interlocking;
Safety Switches / Guarding
An interlock is a feature that makes the state of two mechanisms
or functions mutually dependent. It may be used to prevent
undesired states in a finite-state machine, and may consist of any
electrical, electronic, or mechanical devices or systems. In most
applications, an interlock is used to help prevent a machine from
harming its operator or damaging itself by preventing one
element from changing state due to the state of another element,
and vice versa. Elevators are equipped with an interlock that
prevents the moving elevator from opening its doors, and
prevents the stationary elevator (with open doors) from moving.

Machine Guarding:
Machine guarding is a safety feature on or
around manufacturing or other engineering equipment consisting
of a shield or device covering hazardous areas of a machine to
prevent contact with body parts or to control hazards like chips or
sparks from exiting the machine. Machine guarding provides a
means to protect humans from injury while working nearby or
while operating equipment. It is often the first line of defense to
protect operators from injury while working on or
around industrial machinery during normal operations.
Introduction:
Handling Air Gun
Compressed air guns are used in a variety of work environments. They
are often used for cleaning purposes within shop areas. Unfortunately,
misuse of these devices can result in serious injuries. Many workplace
injuries have occurred because of the misuse of compressed air. . It may
be amusing to direct a jet of air at a fellow worker but it can actually
produce severe internal injury. It is extremely important to understand
the regulation when it comes to using compressed air safely in the
workplace.

There are two primary safety hazards associated with the use of
compressed air guns:

Excessive Air Pressure:

Compressed air is extremely forceful, with pressures used in the
workplace typically ranging from 80 to 120 pounds per square inch (psi).
The primary concern associated with using air at this pressure is the
potential to “dead-end” or block the tip of an air gun. If the gun is “dead-
ended” against the skin, compressed air can enter the body through
small cuts or punctures. Results can range from soft tissue damage to an
embolism (air bubble in the bloodstream). Compressed air can also
rupture internal organs if introduced into a body cavity, such as a nostril
or ear.
 Handling Air Gun
Flying Chip Exposure:
Using a compressed air gun to blow off debris in tight quarters can subject
the user to “chip flyback”. This refers to the tendency for small particles to
be projected back toward the user. In order to guard against this hazard,
effective chip protection must be utilized. This can be accomplished through
the use of screens or barriers. Another option is using air guns that are
designed to project a protective “cone” of air around the nozzle. This “cone”
of air provides enough force to divert particles, thereby protecting the user.

Safe Work Practices:

• Ensure that excessive pressure and chip flyback hazards are effectively
controlled.
• Always wear the appropriate personal protective equipment. As stated
previously, eye protection must be worn when using compressed air.
• Never use compressed air to clean clothing or the body. This greatly
increases the risk of an air gun directly contacting the body. Particles can
also easily become dislodged and enter the skin or eyes. Use a safe
alternative such as a brush or vacuum tool.
• Never participate in horseplay with compressed air. Never point an air
gun or direct air toward another individual.
• Never tamper with air guns or modify them in any way. Homemade
devices added to air guns usually increase the potential for injury.
Introduction:
Handling Sharp Object
Injuries resulting from the manual handling of objects and materials with sharp
edges are common in the engineering industry. Data from firms show that as
many as a third of all injuries recorded are caused by cuts from sharp metal
during handling. Even minor incidents can lead to significant accumulations of
lost time. Many accidents result in the injured person being away from work for
some days or transferring to lighter duties. Problems can also occur with
infections of uncovered cuts or contamination of cuts with chemicals.
Hazards:
Contact with sharp edges is routine in many engineering jobs. Injuries are
common:
• where people are involved in handling sheet or strip metal;
• during work at presses, where small pieces of metal with sharp edges are
handled frequently;
• from accidental contact with scrap metal, banding, principally during cleaning
and disposal;
• by contact with machinery blades, cutters or tools (for example when fitting,
removing, cleaning or storing). Those most at risk include: • stores and
warehouse staff;
• tool setters, maintenance workers;
• operators of machines such as presses, guillotines, and steel-slitting lines
where sheet steel is often manipulated by hand
• welders who have to move or hold items being worked on.
 Handling Sharp Object
Working practices of these employees should be examined carefully to
determine the level of risk, including:
• where there may be sharp edges;
• the weight of objects being handled and which parts of the body are most
at risk. Is it just the hands or could the lower limbs also be affected?
• whether the handler has to walk up or down stairs, or through an awkward
gap? Is the floor even and free from obstruction, or liquid on which people
might slip?
• whether there may be potential for secondary contamination or infection,

The use of gloves :

There are many different types of
gloves available; you should choose
the most appropriate for your circumstances.
Different sizes of glove may be needed
to suit the range of employees you have
working on the task. Do not always go for the
cheapest type of glove – think about how often
gloves will have to be replaced. Think of all
possible areas on the hand where sharp metal
injuries may occur and where extra protection
may be required.