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Flat Slab

Flat slab is a reinforced concrete slab built monolithically with supporting columns. It is reinforced in two or more directions and beams are not provided. There are different types including ones with drop panels and column heads to increase strength and reduce moments and deflections. Flat slabs offer benefits like reduced height, easy reinforcement and construction but require thicker slabs and can interfere with partitions. Various design methods are used including empirical, sub-frame, yield line and finite element analysis.

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Anushka Anand
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70 views17 pages

Flat Slab

Flat slab is a reinforced concrete slab built monolithically with supporting columns. It is reinforced in two or more directions and beams are not provided. There are different types including ones with drop panels and column heads to increase strength and reduce moments and deflections. Flat slabs offer benefits like reduced height, easy reinforcement and construction but require thicker slabs and can interfere with partitions. Various design methods are used including empirical, sub-frame, yield line and finite element analysis.

Uploaded by

Anushka Anand
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FLAT SLAB

Ruta Pawar
Introduction
 Flat slab is an RCC slab built monolithically with
supporting columns and reinforced in two or more
directions. Beams are not provided to support the
slab. The loads are directly transferred to the
columns.
 In flat slabs, the columns are provided with enlarged
heads called capitals or column heads. The thickness
of slab over columns is also increased to support
heavy loads and the thickened part of the slab is
called drop panel.
Introduction
 For lighter loads the column heads and drop panels are
eliminated, such flat slab with constant thickness
supported on prismatic columns are called flat plate.
 Economical spans of about 9.5 m for reinforced slabs
and about 12 m for pre-stressed slabs.
 The plan dimensions of the drop panels are a minimum
of 1/3 of the span in the direction under consideration.
The overall depth of the drop panel is typically taken as
1.75 to 2 times the depth of the slab.
Types

1 Flat slab with drop panel.


2 Flat slab with column
head.
3 Flat slab with drop panel
and column head.
4 Flat slab without drop Even though building flat
panel and column head. slabs can be an expensive
These type of slab is also affair but gives immense
called as flat plate freedom to Architects and
Engineers the luxury of
designing.
Types of flat slab
Uses of Column Heads
It increase shear strength of slab
It reduce the moment in the slab by
reducing the clear or effective span
Uses of Drop Panels
It increase shear strength of slab
It increase negative moment capacity of
slab
It stiffen the slab and hence reduce
deflection
Advantages of flat slab
1. It reduces the overall height of the structure.
2. Flat slabs are capable to carry concentrated loads.
3. Requires less formwork.
4. As reinforcement detailing of flat slabs is simple it is easy to
place.
5. Better quality control.
6. Installation of sprinkler and other piping and utilities are
easier due to absent of beams.
7. It gives a better appearance and better diffusion of light.
8. Better fire resistant than other floor systems.
9. Fast construction.
Disadvantages of flat slab
1. In flat plate system, construction of large span is not
possible.
2. Use of drop panels may interfere with larger
mechanical ducting.
3. Not suitable for masonry partitions
(Supporting brittle).
4. The thickness of flat plate slab is higher compared to
the typical RCC two way slab.
Flexibility in design
 Flat slab construction can deeply reduce floor-to –
floor height especially in the absence of false
ceiling.
 Flat slab construction does act as limiting factor
on the placement of horizontal services and
partitions.
 This can prove gainful in case of lower building
height, decreased cladding expense and pre-
fabricated services.
Types of flat slab design
 The empirical method
 The sub-frame method

 The yield line method

 Finite –element analysis

For smaller frames, empirical methods are used but sub-frame


method is used in case of more irregular frames. 
The most cost effective and homogenous installation of
reinforcements can be achieved by applying the yield line
method.
Structures having floors with irregular supports, large openings or
bears heavy loads, application of finite- element analysis is
advantageous.
Design Consideration
 Deflections is usually at the center of each panel
deflections are maximum. one way to evaluate
mid-panel deflection is to use at least two parallel
column strips.
 In case of thin flat slab construction punching
sheer reinforcements are essential.
 In yield line method main reinforcement output is
better optimized than in other design methods.
Construction of Flat Slab
 The construction of
flat slab can use
table form work.
 The rate of
construction is
faster.

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