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How Do Aircraft Jet Engines Work?

Jet engines work by taking in air and accelerating it using a series of compressors and turbines. The air is then mixed with fuel and ignited, producing hot gases that are expelled out the back at high speeds, generating thrust that propels the aircraft forward. The key components of a jet engine include the fan, compressor, combustor, turbine, and nozzle. Different types of jet engines include the ramjet, turbojet, turbofan, turboprop, and turboshaft.

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105 views16 pages

How Do Aircraft Jet Engines Work?

Jet engines work by taking in air and accelerating it using a series of compressors and turbines. The air is then mixed with fuel and ignited, producing hot gases that are expelled out the back at high speeds, generating thrust that propels the aircraft forward. The key components of a jet engine include the fan, compressor, combustor, turbine, and nozzle. Different types of jet engines include the ramjet, turbojet, turbofan, turboprop, and turboshaft.

Uploaded by

raj6062
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

How do aircraft jet engines work?

1
• The first jet engine was built by Egyptian
scientists during 100 B.C

• This device was known as Aeolipile.

• It is also called as the Hero’s Engine

2
• Jet engine is nothing but a Gas turbine.

• It works under the principle of Newton’s third law

• It states that “For every acting force there is an equal and


opposite force”

• Gas turbine operates like toy balloon

3
Parts Of Jet Engine

 FAN
 COMPRESSOR
 COMBUSTOR
 TURBINE
 MIXER
 NOZZLE

4
How A Jet Engine Works ?
• Jet engines move the airplane forward with a great force that is produced
by a tremendous thrust and causes the plane to fly very fast.

5
How A Jet Engine Works ?
Air Intake
 Sucked in by the compressor

Compressor

 Series of vanes and stators


 The vanes rotate, while the stator
remains stationary
 Compressor speed and
temperature increases gradually

6
How A Jet Engine Works ?
Fuel Burner

 Fuel is mixed with the air, and


electric sparks light the air,
causing it to combust

Combustion Chamber

 The air is burnt

 Increase in the temperature of


the air, thus increases the
pressure inside the engine
7
How A Jet Engine Works ?
Turbine

 Works like a windmill


 The blades gain energy from the hot
gases moving past them
 This movement is used to power the
compressor

Jet Pipe and Propelling Nozzle

 The hot air rushes out of the nozzle


 High pressure
 Hot air rushes out at very high speed
8
Types Of Jet Engines

• Ramjet
• Turbojet
• Turbofan
• Turboprop
• Turbo shaft

9
Ramjet
• It has no moving parts

• Its compression ratio depends on


forward speed

• It has no static thrust

• Guided-missile systems, Space


vehicles use this type of jet

10
Turbojet
• The turbojet engine is a reaction
engine
• Substantial increases in thrust can be
obtained by employing an afterburner

11
Turbofan • The objective of this sort of bypass system is to increase thrust
without increasing fuel consumption.
• It achieves this by increasing the total air-mass flow and
reducing the velocity within the same total energy supply.
• 75% of thrust is produced by the fan.

12
A Turbofan Aircraft Engine:

13
Turboprop
• A turboprop engine is a jet engine attached to a propeller.

• Modern turboprop engines are equipped with propellers that


have a smaller diameter but a larger number of blades for
efficient operation at much higher flight speeds

14
Turboshaft • It does not drive a propeller
• It provides power for a helicopter rotor
• It permits the rotor speed to be kept constant
even when the speed of the generator is varied

15
That’s all. Any questions?

16

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