Introduction

Definition
 What is Morality?
Definition

Definition
Morality is the set of principles concerning the distinction between right and wron
g or good and bad behavior.
o Morality has to do with the way we live.
o Morality helps us to judge the difference between right and wrong.
o Once we know the difference between the two, we can do what is right
and avoid what is wrong.

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 What is Morality? (continued)
Definition

Morality
o We are human beings
o We are able to think about our behavior in order to decide what to say
and what to do in any given situation.
o When we encounter moral situation we can either act in a way that we
know is right or we can do the opposite and act in a way that we know t
o be wrong.

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Types of Persons
Immoral Person Vs. Moral person

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Types of Morality
Three Types
 Types in Philosophy
Three Types

There are three types of Morality

o Ethics.
o Descriptive and Normative.
o Realism and Anti-Realism.

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 Ethics
Types of Morality

There are three types of Morality

o Moral principles that govern a person's behavior or the conducting of a
n activity.
o The field of ethics involves systematizing, defending, and recommendi
ng concepts of right and wrong behavior.
o Philosophers today usually divide ethical theories into three general su
bject areas: met ethics, normative ethics, and applied ethics.

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 Ethics Vs. Morality
Difference

Difference
o Morality is understanding the distinction between right and wrong and
living according to that understanding, and ethics is the philosophy of
how that morality guides individual and group behavior.
o The two are closely related, with morality being the foundation of ethic
s.

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 Descriptive and Normative
Types of Morality

Difference
o In its descriptive sense, "morality" refers to personal or cultural values ,
or social more.
o It does not connote objective claims of right or wrong, but only refers t
o that which is considered right or wrong.
o Descriptive ethics is the branch of philosophy which studies morality in
this sense.

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 Descriptive and Normative (continued)
Types of Morality

Difference
o In its normative sense, “Morality" refers to whatever (if anything) is actu
ally right or wrong, which may be independent of the values or mores h
eld by any particular peoples or cultures.
o Normative Ethics is the branch of philosophy which studies morality in
this sense.

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 Realism and Anti-Realism
Types of Morality

Realism and Anti-Realism

o Moral Realism is the class of theories which hold that there are true mo
ral statements that report objective moral facts. For example, while the
y might concede that forces of social conformity significantly shape ind
ividuals' "moral" decisions, they deny that those cultural norms and cu
stoms define morally right behavior.
o Moral Anti-Realism, on the other hand, holds that moral statements eit
her fail or do not even attempt to report objective moral facts. Instead,
they hold that moral sentences are either categorically false claims of o
bjective moral facts (error theory).

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 Morality comes from?

Friends and Peer

Home and Family s Religion

Society and State Emotions

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 Home and Family

Effects
o The home and family play an important part in influencing our moral o
utlook.
o Our parents were the first people to teach us the difference between ri
ght and wrong.
o As children we learnt that it is good to share our toys, to always tell the
truth and not hit other children.

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 Friends and Peers

Effects
o As we grow older we begin to be influenced by others outside the hom
e.
o Going to school, making friends and mixing with other children our ow
n age meant we encountered different types of values.
o Therefore it can be said that our friends and peers also play an importa
nt role in influencing our moral outlook.

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 Religion

Effects
o People’s moral outlook is strongly influencing by the religion in which t
hey have been brought up.
o Many young people go to schools with a religion ethos where they are
educated in their faith.

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 Society and State

Effects
o The state plays an important role in deciding our moral outlook.
o The state passes the laws of the country.
o Society also plays an important role in influencing our moral outlook as
it can decide what is accepted as good or bad.
o Usually when the majority of society behave in a certain way then that
behavior can become acceptable.

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 Emotions

Effects
o We can be influenced by our emotions to behave in certain ways.
o This can have a positive impact on us in situations where we are moved
by sympathy or compassion to help somebody in need.
o However, emotions can also provide us with negative outcomes when
we are driven anger or hatred when responding to certain situations.

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Any Query….?

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Thank Yo
u! Have a good day..