Scribd
Upload
109 views20 pages

Mapúa University: Experiment No. 3

This document describes an experiment on series and parallel pump configurations. The objectives are to familiarize students with singly, series and parallel pump arrangements, understand the principles and operations, and obtain performance data on flow rate and efficiency. The document provides theoretical background on centrifugal pumps and equations to calculate discharge flow, head, power, and efficiency for single, series, and parallel pump setups. It outlines procedures to collect data running the pumps singly, in series, and in parallel and record pressure readings, flow rates, and other parameters.

Uploaded by

Eriane Garcia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
109 views20 pages

Mapúa University: Experiment No. 3

This document describes an experiment on series and parallel pump configurations. The objectives are to familiarize students with singly, series and parallel pump arrangements, understand the principles and operations, and obtain performance data on flow rate and efficiency. The document provides theoretical background on centrifugal pumps and equations to calculate discharge flow, head, power, and efficiency for single, series, and parallel pump setups. It outlines procedures to collect data running the pumps singly, in series, and in parallel and record pressure readings, flow rates, and other parameters.

Uploaded by

Eriane Garcia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 20

Mapúa University

School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering

EXPERIMENT NO. 3

SERIES/PARALLEL PUMPS

NAME D.O.P.:

ME152L / Sect. D.O.S.:

Group No.
Objectives

1. To familiarize the pump configurations such as singly, series and parallel


2. To understand the principle and operation
3. To obtain the performance data in determining flow rate as well as efficiency.

THEORY AND ANALYSIS

Centrifugal pumps employ centrifugal force to lift liquids from lower to higher elevation. Its basic principle of operation is
illustrated in figure 1 and 2. If a cylindrical can with vanes A and C (for rotating the liquid when the can is rotated) is mounted on a
shaft with a pulley for rotating the can at high speed, centrifugal force acts on the water to press the water outward to the walls of the
can. This causes the water to press outward sharply; since it cannot move beyond the walls of the can, pressure forces the water upward,
causing it to overflow whiles the water near the center of the can is drawn downward. Atmospheric pressure forces the water downward,
since vacuum is created near the center as the water moves outward toward the sides of the can. It can be noted in figure 1 that the water
has been lifted a distance DD’.
Since the water that spills over the top has a high velocity that is equal to the rim speed, the kinetic energy that has been generated
is wasted, unless an arrangement is made to catch the water and an additional supply of water is provided (see figure2). In the illustration,
a receiver catches the water as it spills over and a supply tank is connected with the hollow shaft to supply water to the can. Instead of
rotating the can, only the vanes can be rotated to obtain the same result.
From figure 3, liquid led into the center of the impeller is picked up by the vanes and accelerated to a high velocity by rotation
of the impeller and discharged by centrifugal force into the casing and out the discharge. When liquid is forced away from the center or
the “eye” of the impeller, a vacuum is created and more liquids flow in. Consequently there is a constant flow through the pump.
Pumps can be arranged and connected in serial or parallel to provide additional head or
flow rate capacity.
Pumps in Serial - Head Added
When two (or more) pumps are arranged in serial their resulting pump performance curve is obtained by adding their heads at the
same flow rate as indicated in the figure below.

Centrifugal pumps in series are used to overcome larger system head loss than one pump can handle alone.

 for two identical pumps in series the head will be twice the head of a single pump at the same flow rate - as indicated in point
2.

With a constant flowrate the combined head moves from 1 to 2.

Note! In practice the combined head and flow rate moves along the system curve to point 3.

 point 3 is where the system operates with both pumps running


 point 1 is where the system operates with one pump running

Operation of single stage pumps in series is seldom encountered - more often multistage centrifugal pumps are used.
Pumps in Parallel - Flow Rate Added
When two or more pumps are arranged in parallel their resulting performance curve is obtained by adding the pumps flow rates at
the same head as indicated in the figure below.

Centrifugal pumps in parallel are used to overcome larger volume flows than one pump can handle alone.

 for two identical pumps in parallel, and the head is kept constant, the flow rate doubles as indicated with point 2 compared to a
single pump

Note! In practice the combined head and volume flow moves along the system curve as indicated from 1 to 3.

 point 3 is where the system operates with both pumps running


 point 1 is where the system operates with one pump running

In practice, if one of the pumps in parallel or series stops, the operation point moves along the system resistance curve from point 3 to
point 1 - the head and flow rate are decreased.
The following are the designed equations to be used in the experiment:
I. For pumps operated singly

A. Discharge Flow, Q
𝑄 = 0.31ℎ𝑜2.5 ඥ2𝑔
ℎ𝑜 = ℎ𝑣 + 0.00085

Where: Q = Discharge flow, m3 / s


hv = v-notch head reading, m
ho = total v-notch head reading , m
g = 9.81 m / s2

B. Manometric Head, HM
𝐻𝑀 = ሺ𝐻𝑑 − 𝐻𝑠 ሻ+ 1.17𝑥105 𝑄2

Where: HM = total manometric head, m


Hd = discharge head, m
Hs = sution head, m
Q = discharge flow, m3 / s
C. Brake Power , BPin
BPin = 2π x N x mT x L

Where: BPin = brake power input, Watt


mr = mass torque , Newton
N = tachometer reading, rps
L = length of torque arm = 0.25 m

D. Water Power , WPoutput


WPout = Q x δ x HM

Where: δ = weight density of water, 9.81 KN/m3


Q = discharge flow, m3/s
HM = total manometric head, m

E. Efficiency, N
Ŋ = WP / BP
II. Pumps in Series Operation

𝐻𝑀𝐴 + 𝐻𝑀𝐵
𝑛𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑠 = ൮ ൲
𝐻𝑀𝐴 𝐻𝑀𝐵
ቀ 𝑛 ቁ+ ቀ 𝑛 ቁ
𝐴 𝐵

Where: HMA = total manometric head of pump A, m


HmB = total manometric head of pump B, m
nA = efficiency of pump A at a given rpm; taken from Data A
nB = efficiency of pump B at a given rpm; taken from Data B

III. Pumps in Parallel Operation

𝑄𝑇
𝑛𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑙 = ൮ ൲
𝑄𝐴 𝑄𝐵
ቀ𝑛 ቁ+ ቀ𝑛 ቁ
𝐴 𝐵

𝑄𝑇 = 𝑄𝐴 + 𝑄𝐵 𝑏𝑢𝑡 𝑄𝐴 = 𝑄𝑏

Where: QT = total discharge flow, m3 / s


QA = discharge flow in pump A, m3 / s
QB = discharge flow in pump B, m3 / s
nA = efficiency of pump A at a given rpm, taken from Data A
nB = efficiency of pump B at a given rpm, taken from Data B
PROCEDURES

Simple Pump Connection:


 Manipulate the valves and make a simple pump connection.
 Make use of the pump A first.
 Adjust the Vernier hook gauge, and set to zero reading.
 Switch on the motor and set the speed to 1200 rpm.
 Put the needed weights to torque arm until it is balanced.
 Let the pump run until the water level stabilizes.
 Re-adjust the Vernier hook gauge, and record the caliper reading.
 Record the suction and discharge gauges.
 Repeat the same procedure for Pump B.

Series Pump Connection:


 Manipulate the valves to have a series pump connection.
 Switch on the motor and set the speed to 1200 rpm.
 Put the needed weights to balance the motor
 Let the pump run until the water level stabilizes.
 Record the suction and discharge gauges.

Parallel Pump Connection:


 Manipulate the valves to have a parallel pump connection.
 Switch on the motor and set the speed to 1200 rpm.
 Put the needed weights to balance the motor
 Let the pump run until the water level stabilizes.
 Adjust the Vernier hook gauge and record the caliper reading.
 Record the suction and discharge gauges.
SETUP OF APPARATUS
SETUP OF APPARATUS
Data Sheet:

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy