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Data Management: Quantifying Data & Planning Your Analysis: Dr. Zahid Hameed Department of Management Sciences, Kfueit

This document discusses planning for data analysis by quantifying qualitative data through coding. It explains that the type of data and analysis should be matched, and qualitative data requires coding patterns and themes into numeric values. Coding transforms data into a machine-readable format for analysis. Open-ended responses need coding schemes developed from the research purpose or emerging from the data. Codebooks record the numeric values assigned to variable attributes to guide coding and future analysis. Proper planning through documentation of coding schemes and analysis programs makes the analysis process easier.

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Hushnak Ali
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36 views12 pages

Data Management: Quantifying Data & Planning Your Analysis: Dr. Zahid Hameed Department of Management Sciences, Kfueit

This document discusses planning for data analysis by quantifying qualitative data through coding. It explains that the type of data and analysis should be matched, and qualitative data requires coding patterns and themes into numeric values. Coding transforms data into a machine-readable format for analysis. Open-ended responses need coding schemes developed from the research purpose or emerging from the data. Codebooks record the numeric values assigned to variable attributes to guide coding and future analysis. Proper planning through documentation of coding schemes and analysis programs makes the analysis process easier.

Uploaded by

Hushnak Ali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Data Management:

Quantifying Data & Planning Your


Analysis

Dr. Zahid Hameed


Department of Management Sciences,
KFUEIT
Planning for Analysis

Type of Type of
Data Formatting

Type of
Analysis
Planning for Analysis

 A sound research plan successfully matches


these elements with the proper techniques

 Collect the type of data that is most appropriate


to answering your question and fits the other
parameters of your project (budget, personnel,
etc.)
Type of Data & Analysis

 Quantitative Data
– Counts, frequencies, tallies
– Statistical analyses (as appropriate)
 Qualitative Data
– Coding
– Patterns, themes, theory building
 Combination
– Process each element as appropriate
Quantifying Data

Coding
Processing
Quantifying Data

 Before we can do any kind of analysis, we


need to quantify our data

 “Quantification” is the process of converting


data to a numeric format
– Convert social science data into a “machine-
readable” form, a form that can be read &
manipulated by computer programs
Quantifying Data

Some transformations are simple:


 Assign numeric representations to nominal or
ordinal variables:
– Turning male into “1” and female into “2”
– Assigning “3” to Very Interested, “2” to Somewhat
Interested, “1” to Not Interested
 Assign numeric values to continuous variables:
– Turning born in 1973 to “35”
– Number of children = “02”
Developing Code Categories

Some data are more challenging. Open-ended


responses must be coded.

 Two basic approaches:


– Begin with a coding scheme derived from the
research purpose.
– Generate codes from the data.
Coding Quantitative Data
 Goal – reduce a wide variety of information to a
more limited set of variable attributes:
– “What is your occupation?”
 Use pre-established scheme: Professional, Managerial,
Clerical, Semi-skilled, etc.
 Create a scheme after reviewing the data
 Assign value to each category in the scheme: Professional
= 1, Managerial = 2, etc.
 Classify the response: “Secretary” is “clerical” and is coded
as “3”
Coding Quantitative Data

 Points to remember:
– If the data are coded to maintain a good amount of
detail, they can always be combined (reduced) later
– However, if you start off with too little detail, you
can’t get it back
– If you’re using a survey / questionnaire, it’s a good
idea to do your coding on the form so that it can be
entered properly (i.e. create a “codebook”)
Codebook Construction

Purposes:
 Primary guide used in the coding process.
– Should note the value assigned to each variable
attribute (response)
 Guide for locating variables and interpreting
codes in the data file during analysis.
 If you’re doing your own input, this will also
guide data set construction
Planning your analysis

 Proper planning will make things easier later

 Take good notes on any transformations, etc.


that you do
 Save all the elements of your analysis
programs

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