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Pill Camera

The pill camera or capsule endoscopy involves swallowing a pill-sized capsule containing a camera. It takes pictures of the gastrointestinal tract as it passes through. This allows physicians to diagnose conditions like bleeding, polyps, or cancers in the small intestine without surgery. The capsule transmits images to a sensor belt worn by the patient and they are recorded for later analysis. It is a painless and effective way to examine the small intestine and detect diseases at early stages.

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Preethi Golla
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169 views20 pages

Pill Camera

The pill camera or capsule endoscopy involves swallowing a pill-sized capsule containing a camera. It takes pictures of the gastrointestinal tract as it passes through. This allows physicians to diagnose conditions like bleeding, polyps, or cancers in the small intestine without surgery. The capsule transmits images to a sensor belt worn by the patient and they are recorded for later analysis. It is a painless and effective way to examine the small intestine and detect diseases at early stages.

Uploaded by

Preethi Golla
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PILL CAMERA

INTRODUCTION
 Pill Camera is a vitamin pill-sized capsule that
travels through the human body taking pictures,
helping diagnose a problem which previously would
have been found only through surgery.
 “Camera Pill” or Capsule endoscopy is a new

diagnostic tool that permits a direct visual


examination of the small intestine, an area of the
body not previously accessible using upper
endoscopy from above or colonoscopy from below.
The pill, known as the Capsule Endoscopy, is about
the size of a multivitamin and is swallowed with a sip
of water.
INTRODUCTION
 The pill is made of specially sealed
biocompatible material that is resistant to
stomach acid and powerful digestive enzymes
and thus every care is taken such that the caps
will not rupture or burst.
 The most common reason for doing capsule

endoscopy is to search for a cause of bleeding


from the small intestine. It may also be useful
for detecting polyps, inflammatory bowel
disease (Crohn‟s disease), ulcers, cancers,
andanemia and tumors of the small intestine.
INTRODUCTION
 It takes picture of our intestine and transmits
the same to the receiver of the computer for
analysis of our digestive system. This process
can help in tracking any kind of disease
related to digestive system.
OBJECTIVE
 Pill camera endoscopy is used to detect
intestinal cancer, oesophageal diseases like
crohn‟s disease.
 Its major use is to capture live colour footage

of small intestinal track and detect any


digestive system disease at very early stage.
HISTORY
 In the mid 1990s, Gavriel Iddan launched a pill
for the transformation in the field of
gastroenterology by pioneering the idea of
wireless capsule endoscopy.
 In 1998, Mr. Iddan co-founded Given Imaging
to market his new prototype
 In 2001, his invention was officially released.
Since then, the Pill capsule has been
establishing wireless capsule endoscopy as the
global standard for small bowel diagnostics.
PARTS OF THE PILL
 Lens
 LED Lights
 Battery
 Transmitter
 Antenna
PROCEDURE
 The patient has to swallow a pill size camera.
 The pill captures images of the internal organ

of the body and sends the images to a sensor


belt worn by the patient across his waist
through antenna.
 The belts’s antenna receives the images

through its antenna and records it in a


recorder .
PROCEDURE
 The doctor can view the images at a later
time or he can view the images at real time
with the help of real time viewer.
 The pill flushes out of the patient within 24–

48 hours.
COMMUNICATION COMPONENTS
 There are five types of Communication
Components. They are:
 Pill Cam Capsule
 Sensor Array Belt
 Data Recorder
 Real Time Viewer
 Work Station and Rapid Software
COMMUNICATION COMPONENTS
 Pill Cam Capsule: SB/ESO: as approved by Food
and Drug Administration (FDA)
 SB- ESO
 For small bowel- For esophagus.
 Standard lighting control- Automatic lighting

control.
 One side imaging-Two sided imaging.
 Two images per second-14 images per second.
 50,000 images in 8 hours- 2,600 images in 20

minutes.
COMMUNICATION COMPONENTS
 Sensor Array Belt: The sensor array belt is more or
less like the Electrocardiogram (ECG) used in
obtaining the movement pattern of the heart. This
is seen as a wave length or movement indicating
the pattern of the functionality of the heart. The
wires are directly join to light weight data
recorder. The sensor array help monitor the
rightful position of the capsule within the body. A
belt is worn around the waist with recording
device and a battery pack. The sensor encompass
pad sensors, battery, cable, and bag receiver.
COMMUNICATION COMPONENTS
 Data Recorder: The recorder is attached to the
sensor belt and is portable enough to fit into
the recorder pouch with little above 489 gm of
weight. The signal transmitted by the camera
through sensory array are captured this
device. It has ability to store images of 5500
to 6000 JPEG format on a drive capacity of
about 10 GB. The images download speed is
directly proportional to the network available
on processing time and this shown by the belt
worn around the waist captured
COMMUNICATION COMPONENTS
 Real Time Viewer: The time viewer is a
Liquid-crystal Display (LCD) with embedded
rapid reader software. It is a real time viewing
machine that make know the view the current
position of the capsule within the body
COMMUNICATION COMPONENTS
 Work Station and Rapid Software: The work
station is the centre for rapid processing and
a base for feedback of images receive from
through different elements responsible. The
downloaded images are further process by
Rapid Application Software (RAS). The medical
practitioner do the analysis by watching the
two dimensional images.
APPLICATIONS
 Crohn's Disease
 Malabsorption Disorders
 Tumors of the small intestine & Vascular

Disorders.
 Ulcerative Colitis
 Medication Related To Small Bowel Injury.

Crohn's Disease Folds in the stomach


ADVANTAGES
 The pill is painless for the patient
 Due to its small size, it can easily move

through the digestive tracts.


 Provides high quality images.
 Accurate, Precise, effective and lower power

consumption 
DISADVANTAGES
 The pill may get stucked if there is a partial
obstruction in the small intestine.
 Impossible to control Camera Behaviour.
 Patients with digestive problem or narrowing

are not good candidates for this procedure


due to high risk of obstruction.
CONCLUSION
 Wireless capsule endoscopy provides a
significant technical breakthrough for the
investigation of the small intestine, especially
in light of the shortcomings of other available
techniques to image this region.
 It has revolutionized the field of diagnostic

imaging to a great extend. This pill proves to


be the next generation endoscopy future. A
small step toward a huge leap.
THANK YOU

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