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21st Century Literature Lesson 1

The document discusses precolonial Philippine literature, which consisted of various oral forms that were passed down from generation to generation, including folk tales, epics, poems, and chants. Some of the common forms of oral literature mentioned are proverbs, riddles, folksongs, legends, fables, ambahan, tales, and epics. These different forms expressed the culture and way of life of the ancient Filipino people and served purposes such as imparting lessons, rules for behavior, and stories of origin. Overall, the document provides an overview of the rich oral literary tradition that existed in the Philippines before colonization.

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Michaela Elpedes Moscoso
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3K views26 pages

21st Century Literature Lesson 1

The document discusses precolonial Philippine literature, which consisted of various oral forms that were passed down from generation to generation, including folk tales, epics, poems, and chants. Some of the common forms of oral literature mentioned are proverbs, riddles, folksongs, legends, fables, ambahan, tales, and epics. These different forms expressed the culture and way of life of the ancient Filipino people and served purposes such as imparting lessons, rules for behavior, and stories of origin. Overall, the document provides an overview of the rich oral literary tradition that existed in the Philippines before colonization.

Uploaded by

Michaela Elpedes Moscoso
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Precolonial to

Contemporary Literature of
the Philippines
Precolonial
Philippine Literature
Folk tales, epics, poems and
marathon chants existed in most
ethno linguistic groups that
passed on from generation wer to
generation through word of mouth. e
Precolonial Philippine Literature

Before the Philippines was colonized, it was already


brimming with a rich tradition of oral literature.
Precolonial Philippine Literature
⚫ The literature of a formative past by the various
groups of people who inhabited the archipelago
⚫ A literature of varying human interest
⚫ Close to the religious and political organizations of
the ancient Filipinos
⚫ The verses were addressed to the ears rather than the
eyes
Forms of Literature
⚫Proverbs
⚫Riddles
⚫Folksongs
⚫Legends
⚫Fables
⚫Ambahan
⚫Tales
⚫Epics
⚫Ballad
Proverbs (Salawikain)
⚫Short poems that have been customarily been used and served as
laws or rules on good behavior by our ancestors
⚫Allegories or parables that impart lessons for the young
⚫Practical observations and philosophy of everyday life that are
written usually in a rhyming scheme
Examples of proverb
⚫Ang matapat na kaibigan, tunay na maaasahan. - -
-You will know a true friend in time of need.
Examples of proverb
⚫Pera na, naging bato pa.

⚫Nasa Diyos ang awa, nasa tao ang gawa.

⚫Ubus-ubos biyaya, pagkatapos nakatunganga.


Riddles (Bugtong)
⚫Showcase the Filipino wit, literary talent, and keen
observation of the surroundings
⚫Involves reference to one or two images that symbolize
the characteristics of an unknown object that is to be
guessed
Ate mo, ate ko, ate ng lahat ng tao.
(My sister, your sister, everyone's sister)

Atis (Sugar Apple)


• Dalawang bolang itim, malayo ang nararating.

Mata

• Ang paa ay apat ngunit hindi ito naglalakad

Lamesa

• Dala mo, dala ka, dala ka ng iyong dala

Tsinelas
Folksongs
⚫ a form of folk lyric which expresses the people’s hopes,
aspirations, and lifestyles
⚫ traditional songs and melodies
⚫ inspired by the reaction of the people to their
environment
⚫uyayi – lullaby
⚫komintang – war song
⚫kundiman – melancholic love song
⚫harana – serenade
⚫tagay – drinking song
⚫mambayu – Kalinga rice-pounding song
⚫subli – dance-ritual song of courtship
/marriage
⚫Tagulaylay- songs of the dead
Legends (Alamat)
These stories are about heroes and local tales of buried
treasures, enchanters, fairies, ghosts and saints. Legends
are usually secular. These tell how things have come to
be.

Example: The legend of Mariang Makiling of the Tagalog


which is popularized by Jose Rizal, an enchantress of Mt.
Makiling in Laguna
Fables
These stories are about animals taking on human qualities.
Usually, the theme on cleverness and deceptiveness are
shown by how an animal outwits another animal. The
intention of telling such tales is to impart a certain moral or
lesson to its listeners or readers.

Example: A fable popularized by Jose Rizal was The


Tortoise and the Monkey.
Ambahan
⚫traditional poetry of the Hanunoo Mangyans of Oriental Mindoro
which is normally inscribed on bamboo
⚫seven-syllable metric lines
⚫can be composed of more than four lines
⚫usually chanted
⚫teaches lessons about life
⚫recited by parents to educate their children, by the youth to express
their love, by the old to impart experiences, or by the community in
tribal ceremonies
Tales (Myths)
⚫A symbolic narrative, usually of unknown origin and at least
partly traditional, that is especially associated with religious
belief
⚫stories of origin for certain places, their names, and their
creation
⚫There are many different creation myths in Philippine
mythology, originating from various ethnic groups.
Examples:
Story of Bathala
Presence of different deities
⚫Ex. Bathala
Mythical creatures
⚫Aswang
⚫Dila
⚫Diwata
⚫Dwende
⚫Tikbalang
⚫Mankukulam
Epics
⚫ long-winded poems about a hero and his adventures and
misadventures

Example:
Hinilawod
-oldest and longest epic poem in Panay
Ballad
⚫shorter than the epics, written in verse which depicts a
particular event
⚫a poem or song narrating a story in short stanzas

Example:
Ugoy ng Duyan
Practice. A. Classify the following forms.

FOLK SPEECH FOLK SONG NARRATIVE

1. Myth 2. Proverb 3. Lullaby

4. Legend 5. Fable 6. Riddle

7. Epic 8. Rowing Song 9. Funeral Dirge

10. Ballad
Enrichment. B. Identify whether the statement is true or false.

1. Riddles are one of the shortest forms of folk song.


2. Mariang Makiling is an example of a myth.
3. Some folk songs are about victory and praise.
4. Verses in Ambahan are part of the folk tales.
5. Epics are the longest folk narratives that talk about the journey of a hero.
6. Folk tales are only written in prose.
7. There is usually a trickster in some fables.
8. Ballads are shorter than epics and usually tell about a particular event.
9. Legends are sacred while myths are secular.
10. Oral Tradition stopped during the colonization period.
Evaluation
Reflect on the following questions. Answer in complete sentence/s.

1. What is the significance of literature in the precolonial period in today’s time?


2. What makes the oral literature unique?
3. How can you help preserve or enrich the oral literary tradition?
4. What is the impact of writing literature?
5. How do these forms of literature contribute in nation-building?
6. What story from the ancient times do you find interesting? Why?
D. Write any of the following:

1. A two-line riddle about anything written in a local that you


know

2. A four-line stanza of a folk song written in a local


language that you know

3. A possible title and story line of a fable about a particular


human value

4. A myth about an origin of a particular phenomenon or


habit you know.
Thank you
for
listening!

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