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Conflict Analysis Tools and Techniques

The document discusses various tools and techniques for analyzing conflicts, including examining the actors, context, content, and process of a conflict. It describes tools like timelines, the ABC triangle, conflict tree, and force field analysis that can help understand the history, causes, perspectives, and dynamics of a conflict. The ultimate goals of conflict analysis are to inform strategies for addressing conflicts and creating action plans by gaining a comprehensive understanding of conflicts from all sides.

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Lancelot Nyamaka
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529 views35 pages

Conflict Analysis Tools and Techniques

The document discusses various tools and techniques for analyzing conflicts, including examining the actors, context, content, and process of a conflict. It describes tools like timelines, the ABC triangle, conflict tree, and force field analysis that can help understand the history, causes, perspectives, and dynamics of a conflict. The ultimate goals of conflict analysis are to inform strategies for addressing conflicts and creating action plans by gaining a comprehensive understanding of conflicts from all sides.

Uploaded by

Lancelot Nyamaka
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Conflict analysis tools and

techniques
What is conflict analysis
• Practical process of examining and
understanding the reality of conflict from
different perspectives
• Understanding will inform strategies for
addressing the conflict and action plans
Why do we analyse conflict
• To understand the background, history and
relate to current events
• Identify all the actors involved not just the main
ones
• Understand the perspectives of each group and
how they relate
• Identify factors and trends that underpin conflict
• Learn from failure s and success
Conflict causation
conflict have multiple causes
• Structural/systemic issues
• historical
• immediate issues
• Triggers
Tools for conflict analysis
• Stages of conflict
• Timelines
• ABC triangle
• Onion /doughnut
• Conflict tree
• Conflict mapping
• ACCP Model
• Force field analysis
• Pillars
• pyramid
Conflict analysis tools
• Tools can be used in combination and do not
follow a particular order
• Have been used in real conflicts and are
adaptable
• Participation of conflict parties in the use of
tools is important
• Tools can be used in different contexts
,languages
Stages of conflict
• Conflict passes through different stages of
activity, intensity, tension and violence
• recognise the conflict stage and their
dynamics
• Pre-conflict-incompatibility of goals, conflict is
hidden, tension in relationships, avoidance of
contact between parties
Stages of conflict
• Confrontation-conflict is open, confrontational
behaviour emerges
• Resource mobilisation for war
• Building alliances
• Polarisation of conflicting groups
stages of conflict-crisis
• Peak of the conflict when tensions and
violence is most intense
• Period of war
• Communication between groups has seized
• Public statements are acusatorial
Stages of conflict- outcome
• Defeat of one group by the other
• Ceasefire
• Surrender
• Negotiations/mediation
• Tensions decrease possibility of settlement
Stages –post conflict
• An end of violent conflict
• Issues and causes have not been resolved
• Possible to revert to pre conflict stage
Timelines
• It is a graphic that shows events plotted against time.
• It lists dates and depict events in chronological order
• People on different sides to a conflict have different
experiences and perceptions of the conflict
• Emphasize and describe events differently
• Aim is to learn about each other and understand
situation through others perspectives
Conflict mapping
• Mapping is a technique used to depict conflict
graphically
• Mapping places parties to conflict in relation to each other and in
relation to the problem
• power asymmetry of all actors in conflict is identified
• Mapping is done at a specific moment in time
• Mapping should not be too complex
• Mapping can be done jointly by parties to conflict
How to map
• Decide what, when and what point of view
• Mapping is dynamic
Symbols of mapping
ABC Triangle
ABC Triangle
Conflicts have 3 major components;
• Context
• Behaviour
• Attitudes
• Draw triangles for each party and list issues
related to attitude, behaviour and context
• Indicate the parties most important needs,
fears in the middle
The onion
• Outer layer contains the positions that we
take publicly
• Interests-what we want to achieve from a
particular situation
• Needs-we require to be satisfied
The onion
Conflict tree
• Is used collectively
• Identifies issues that each group sees as
important and then arrange them into;
• Core problems
• Causes
• effects
Force filed analysis
• Used to identify forces that influence conflict both
positive and negative
• Helps to see where resistance to change is coming from
Steps in analysis of conflict;
• Name objective- intended action
• List all forces that support action on one side
• List forces against on the other side
• Consider which forces you can influence to get desired
change
Force field analysis
Pillars
• Premised on understanding that some
situations are not stable but are held together
by factors-pillars
• Identify and remove the pillars or minimise
their effect
Pyramid
• Analyzing conflict with more than one level
• Identify key parties or actors at each level
• Used to connect resource people vertically
and horizontally
Key aspects of conflict analysis
• Actors
• Context
• Content – causation, dynamics
• Process- options and strategies
Actor analysis

Actors are people, organisations, countries involved directly or indirectly in


the conflict
• Who are the primary parties directly engaged in the conflict?
• Who are the allies and patrons of these parties?
• Who are the relevant external actors( neighbouring states, regional
organisations, foreign powers?
• Who are the affected groups( ethnic communities, religious communities?
• What are the current and historical relationships between the various
groups?
• What are the goals, positions, interest and needs of the various groups?
• Who are the leaders and how strong and unified is the leadership?
Content
• Issues that need to be addressed to resolve the
conflict
• Issues can be grouped into headings
Analysing content can be done by;
• Clustering issues where there is agreement/no
agreement, possibility of agreement, tough issues
• Timeframe=short, medium and long term issues
• Packaging the content differently –written/oral
proposal
Content
• What are the causes of the conflict –current
and recent drivers of the conflict?
• What are the main structural causes of the
conflict- the root causes?
• How do parties view the causes of the
conflict?
• How are domestic, regional and international
causes related?
Context
Context – the meaning of conflict resides in its context i.e. the
background of the conflict, the systemic conditions behind conflict
• Social, economic, political conditions and policies that feed the
conflict
Dynamics –trends, intensity /energy of the conflict
Mapping context involves understanding key events that can
change context
How can regional and international actors influence the context
What contextual topics are important to each side?
How can context influence the process?
Analysing Process
Process refers to a negotiation or mediation or
dialogue
• Pre negotiation phase sets the framework for
negotiation
• Venue, timing, participation, frequency of
meetings
• Direct negotiation phase
• Implementation phase
Dispute mapping
Actors context content process
Mapping conflicts/disputes
Map any conflict of your choice at any of the following
levels;
a) Community/local level conflict
b)Provincial
c) Organisational conflict
c) National conflict
d)International conflict
2. Identify the actors involved in the conflict
3. Discuss the content-issues/causes of the conflict
4. What is the context

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