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Factoring

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34 views12 pages

Factoring

Uploaded by

alta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Factoring Trinomials of the

Form x + bx + c by Grouping
2
Factoring by Grouping
Factoring polynomials often involves additional techniques after initially
factoring out the GCF. One technique is factoring by grouping.
Example Factor xy + y + 2x + 2 by grouping.
Notice that, although 1 is the GCF for all four terms of the polynomial,
the first 2 terms have a GCF of y and the last 2 terms have a GCF of 2.

( xy + y ) + ( 2x + 2 ) Group the terms


= (x · y +1 · y )+ ( 2 · x+2 · 1)

= y (x + 1) + 2 (x + 1)
= (x + 1) (y + 2)
Factoring by Grouping
Factoring a Four-Term Polynomial by Grouping
1) Arrange the terms so that the first two terms have a common factor and the last
two terms have a common factor.

2) For each pair of terms, use the distributive property to factor out the pair’s
greatest common factor.

3) If there is now a common binomial factor, factor it out.

4) If there is no common binomial factor in step 3, begin again, rearranging the


terms differently.

Note˸ If no rearrangement leads to a common binomial factor, the polynomial cannot


be factored.
Factoring by Grouping
Example 1 Factor each of the following polynomials by grouping.

x3 + 4x + x2 + 4
= (x3 + 4x )+( x2 + 4)

= (x · x2 + 4 . x ) + ( 1·x2 + 1·4 )
= x (x2 + 4) + 1(x2 + 4)

= (x2 + 4)(x + 1) Answer


Factoring by Grouping
Example 2 Factor each of the following polynomials by grouping.

2x3 – x2 – 10x + 5
= (2x3 – x2) – (10x + 5) Group
= (x ·2x – x ·1) – (5·2x – 5·+1)
2 2

= x (2x – 1) – 5(2x – 1)
2

= (2x – 1) (x – 5)
2
Answer
Factoring by Grouping
Example 3 Factor 2x – 9y + 18 – xy by grouping.
Neither pair has a common factor (other than 1).
So, rearrange the order of the factors.

(2x + 18 )– ( 9y + xy ) Group

= (2·x + 2·9 ) – ( 9 ·y – x · y )
= 2(x + 9) – y (9 + x)
= 2(x + 9) – y (x + 9) (make sure the factors are identical)

= (x + 9) (2 – y) Answer
Factoring by Grouping
Example 4 Factor 6x3 + 3x2 – 4x – 2.

= ( 6x3 + 3x2 ) – ( 4x – 2 )

= 3x2 (2x + 1) – 2(2x + 1)


Factor the GCF from each group of two terms.

= (2x + 1)(3x2 – 2) Factor out (2x + 1). Answer


Factoring by Grouping
Example 5 Factor 8t4 + 12t3 + 16t + 24.

8t4 + 12t3 + 16t + 24


= 4(2t4 + 3t3 + 4t + 6) Factor out the GCF, 4.

= 4[t3(2t + 3) + 2(2t + 3)] Factor by grouping.

= 4(2t + 3)(t3 + 2) Factor again. Answer


Factor each expression.

1. 10p3 – 25p2 + 4p – 10
2. 36x4 – 48x3 + 9x2 – 12x
3. 16a3 – 24a2 + 12a – 18
4. 24h2 + 10h – 6.
5. A rectangular prism has a volume of
36x3 + 51x2 + 18x. Factor to find the
possible expressions for the length, width,
and height of the prism.
Factor 36x3 + 51x2 + 18x.
12

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