Qu a litative Research

Racel John Besa

of &
CONTENT STANDARD

The learner demonstrates understanding of:

1. the importance of research in daily life

2. the characteristics, processes, and ethics of research
3. quantitative and qualitative research
4. the kinds of research across fields
PERFORMANCESTANDARD

The learner is able to:

use appropriate kinds of research in making decisions.

LEARNING COMPETENCIES
lights came r a
Role play a situation where research is highly needed.
presentation
NATURE OF INQUIRY
 NATURE OF INQUIRY
INQUIRY-BASED LEARNING
Inquiry is the
learning process that
motivates you to
obtain
knowledge or
information about
people, things, places,
or events.
NATURE OF INQUIRY
 NATURE OF INQUIRY
Governing Principles or Foundation of Inquiry

John Dewey’s Theory Lev Vygotsky’s Zone

of Connected of Proximal
Experiences Development
 NATURE OF INQUIRY
Governing Principles or Foundation of Inquiry
John Dewey’s Theory
of Connected Experiences

Dewey's (1938) theory of experience

 NATURE OF INQUIRY
Governing Principles or Foundation of Inquiry
Lev Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development
NATURE OF RESEARCH
 no

e 0 t e e
s
,
is a process of executing various mental acts of
discovering and examining facts and
information to prove the accuracy or
truthfulness of your claims of conclusions
about the topic of your research
(Litchman, 2013).
“The main goal of research is the gathering
and interpreting information to answer
the
questions”
(Hyllegard, Mood and Morrow,
 “Research is a systematic way of asking
questions or systematic method of inquiry”
(Drew, Hardman and Hart, 1996)
Characteristics of Research
 Characteristics of Research

Accurac
y
Objectiveness
Timeliness
Relevance
Clarity
Characteristics of Research
Characteristics of Research
Purposes of Research
~to learn how to work independently
~to learn how to work scientifically or systematically
~to have an in depth knowledge of something
~to elevate mental abilities by letting students think
in higher order thinking strategies (HOTS) of inferring,
evaluating, synthesizing, appreciating, applying and
creating
~to improve reading and writing skills
~to be familiar with the basic tools of research and the
various techniques of gathering data and of
presenting research findings
~to free oneself, to a certain extent, from the domination
or strong influence of a single textbook or of the author’s/
professor’s lone viewpoint or spoon feeding
TYPES OF RESEARCH
TYPES OF RESEARCH

Based on Applications of Research Method

Based on Purpose of Research Method
Based on Types of Data Needed
TYPES OF RESEARCH
Based on Applications of Research Method
Pure research: it deals with concepts, principles, or
abstract things. This type aims to increase one’s knowledge
about something.

Applied research: The intention is to apply your

chosen research to societal problems or issues, finding
ways to make positive changes in society.
TYPES OF RESEARCH
Based on Purpose of Research Method
Descriptive research aims at defining or giving a verbal
portrayal or picture of a person, thing, event, group or
situation.

Correlational research shows relationships or

connectedness of two factors, circumstances or agents like
variables that affect the research.
TYPES OF RESEARCH
Based on Purpose of Research Method
Explanatory research elaborates of explains not just the
reasons behind the relationship of two factors, but also the
ways by which such relationship exists.

Exploratory research. Its purpose is to find out how

reasonable or possible it is to conduct a research study on
a certain topic.
TYPES OF RESEARCH
Based on Purpose of Research Method

Action research studies an ongoing practice of a

school, organization, community or institution for the
purpose of obtaining results that will bring
improvements in the system.
TYPES OF RESEARCH
Based on Types of Data Needed
Qualitative research requires non-numerical data, which means
that the research uses words rather than numbers to express the
results, the inquiry or investigation about people’s thoughts,
beliefs, feelings, views and lifestyle regarding the object of the
study.
Quantitative research involves measurement of data. Thus, it
presents research findings referring to number or frequency of
something in numerical forms.
Approaches to Research

Scientific or positive approach

Naturalistic approach
Triangulation approach
 Approaches to Research

Scientific or positive approach,

in which you discover and measure information as well
as observe and control variables in an impersonal
 Approaches to Research

Naturalistic approach
uses words which directs you to deal with qualitative
data that speak of how people behave toward
their
 Approaches to Research

Triangulation approach, you are free to gather

data using multiple methods, allowing you combine or
mix up research approaches, research types,
data gathering and data analysis techniques.
 11 □
1
□ o □
□ □□□□
Qualitative
B □□□□□
Quarttitative
 An APPROACH to research that
“emphasizes the qualities of entities,
processes and meanings that are
experimentally examined or
measured in terms of quantity,
amount, intensity or frequency”
(Denzin and Lincoln, 2008)
 Refers to the meanings, concepts,
definitions, characteristics, metaphors,
symbols and description of things
(Berg, 2007)
Research
as
a
Process
RESEARCH ETHICS deals
primarily with the
interaction
between
researchers and the
people they study.
 requires a
commitment to ensuring the autonomy of
research participants, and, where autonomy
may be diminished, to protect people from
exploitation of their vulnerability.
Abuse the basic rights of the participants
 requires a commitment to
minimizing the risks associated with research,
including psychological and social risks, and
maximizing the benefits that accrue to
research participants.
 requires a commitment to ensuring a fair
distribution of the risks and benefits resulting
from research.
 “confer
s on the researcher an obligation to respect
the values and interests of the community in
research and, wherever possible, to protect
the community from harms.”
Retaining anonymity
 “to steal and
pass off ideas
or words of
another as
one’s own”.
~Merriam Webster
dictionary
1.Always take note
2.Prepare a data sourcing plan
3.Never copy and paste
4.Paraphrase
5.Cite the source
6.Proper quote source
7.Keep a source trail
8.Always make a
Basic qualitative studies/interpretive
research Case study research
Content Analysis
Ethnographic studies
Grounded Theory
research Historical
studies Narrative
Research